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You J, Luo F, Dong Y, Xu T, Jing J, Zuo J. Association of explicit and implicit social support with psychological adjustment in Chinese women with breast cancer: An interpersonal explanation. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:396-409. [PMID: 38102739 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231215994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the linear and non-linear relationship between explicit and implicit social support and psychological adjustment as well as the underlying interpersonal mechanisms in a sample of Chinese women with breast cancer (n = 202). The results showed that explicit social support was associated with poorer psychological adjustment, while implicit social support exhibited the opposite trend. Moreover, the association between implicit social support and psychological adjustment was stronger at lower levels of implicit social support, but it weakened or disappeared at moderate or higher levels. Furthermore, we found that all the associations between social support and psychological adjustment could be explained by relationship concerns and perceived burdensomeness. These findings emphasize the importance of providing social support and supportive care to patients who have unmet supportive care needs, in line with cultural norms and expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yue Dong
- Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | | | - Jing Jing
- Department of breast surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, China
- Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, China
| | - Jie Zuo
- Department of breast surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, China
- Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer, China
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Lu H, Song Y, Wang X, Liu J. The neural correlates of perceived social support and its relationship to psychological well-being. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 17:1295668. [PMID: 38259632 PMCID: PMC10800560 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1295668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Perceived social support is considered to play a significant role in promoting individuals' health and well-being, and yet the neural correlates of perceived social support were not fully understood. An exploration of the neural correlates of individual differences in the SPS can help us to gain more comprehensive understanding about the neural correlates of perceived social support. What's more, our study will explore the relationship among perceived social support, brain regions, and psychological well-being, which may provide new insights into the neural correlates underlying the relationship between perceived social support and psychological well-being from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience. Methods Herein, we used the Social Provisions Scale to assess individuals' perceived social support, and magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure the gray matter (GM) volume of the whole brain. What's more, we also measured psychological well-being using the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and mediation analysis was used to explore the relationship among perceived social support, brain regions, and psychological well-being. Results The voxel-based morphometry analysis of the whole brain revealed that perceived social support was positively correlated with GM volume of the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG). The finding indicated that a person with greater GM volume in the left MTG perceived more social support. More importantly, the left MTG GM volume observed above was also associated with psychological well-being, and the link between the two was mediated by perceived social support. Discussion These results revealed the importance of MTG for perceived social support and psychological well-being, and also suggested that perceived social support might explain the relationship between MTG and psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhua Lu
- School of Marxism, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiying Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Tsinghua Laboratory of Brain and Intelligence, Department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Tan K, Choy BKC, Li NP. The Role of Humor Production and Perception in the Daily Life of Couples: An Interest-Indicator Perspective. Psychol Sci 2023; 34:1271-1280. [PMID: 37870245 DOI: 10.1177/09567976231203139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In established relationships, are couples who are funny more satisfied with each other, or are satisfied couples more able to see the funny side of their partners? Much research has examined the evolutionary function of humor in relationship initiation, but not in relationship maintenance. Using a dyadic daily-diary study composed of college students from Singapore, results showed that relationship quality was positively associated with same-day humor production and perception. Importantly, and consistent with an interest-indicator perspective in which humor exchanges communicate relationship interest, relationship quality was also positively associated with next-day humor production and perception, and across both sexes. Results also indicated some support for a sexual-selection perspective in which humor exchanges predicted only same- and next-day satisfaction, but not commitment. Our findings suggest that humor can ultimately function as a strategy to monitor and maintain established relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Tan
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University
| | - Bryan K C Choy
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University
| | - Norman P Li
- School of Social Sciences, Singapore Management University
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Joo M, Cross SE, Park SW. Who Do We Turn to and What Do We Get? Cultural Differences in Attachment Structure and Function Among East Asian and Western Individuals. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2023:1461672231195781. [PMID: 37675900 DOI: 10.1177/01461672231195781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
To whom do we turn for support in times of need, and what does the support from close others convey? The present research investigated how the structure and function of attachment differ for individuals in East Asian and Western cultures. In three studies, using survey and daily diary data, we examined the role of the romantic partner as an attachment figure, and the consequences of receiving responsive support in close relationships among individuals in Korea and the United States. As expected, the role of the romantic partner as an attachment figure was less emphasized for Koreans compared with U.S. participants. Also, responsive support from close others was more strongly linked to affiliation-related end states (i.e., in-group agency) for Koreans than U.S. individuals. The present research demonstrates the need to consider nuanced cultural influences in the attachment literature for the broader application of the theory.
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Tanaka R, Zheng S, Ishii K. Cultural differences in explicit and implicit support provision and underlying motivations for self-esteem, closeness, and relational concerns. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1202729. [PMID: 37599712 PMCID: PMC10435086 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1202729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This research explores how culture influences the motivations underlying explicit (emotional and instrumental) and implicit (companionship and attentiveness) support provision. Two studies (N = 1,106) compared the responses of European Americans and Japanese individuals to a close other's stressful event. The results showed that European Americans were more likely than Japanese to provide explicit support and more motivated to increase the close other's self-esteem and feeling of closeness. Conversely, Japanese individuals were more likely to provide attentiveness support, motivated by concern for an entire group and a friend. These findings support the motivation as a mediator hypothesis. On the other hand, the culture as a moderator hypothesis applied to the association between concern for an entire group motivation and implicit support provision. Specifically, concern for an entire group motivation predicted companionship support provision only in Japanese, while it predicted attentiveness support provision mainly in European Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Tanaka
- Department of Cognitive and Psychological Sciences, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shaofeng Zheng
- Hitotsubashi Institute for Advanced Study, Hitotsubashi University, Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Cognitive and Psychological Sciences, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Melov SJ, Galas N, Swain J, Alahakoon TI, Lee V, Cheung NW, McGee T, Pasupathy D, McNab J. Women's experience of perinatal support in a high migrant Australian population during the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed methods study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:429. [PMID: 37296421 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05745-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a COVID-19 risk mitigation measure, Australia closed its international borders for two years with significant socioeconomic disruption including impacting approximately 30% of the Australian population who are migrants. Migrant populations during the peripartum often rely on overseas relatives visiting for social support. High quality social support is known to lead to improved health outcomes with disruption to support a recognised health risk. AIM To explore women's experience of peripartum social support during the COVID-19 pandemic in a high migrant population. To quantify type and frequency of support to identify characteristics of vulnerable perinatal populations for future pandemic preparedness. METHODS A mixed methods study with semi-structured interviews and a quantitative survey was conducted from October 2020 to April 2021. A thematic approach was used for analysis. RESULTS There were 24 participants interviewed both antenatally and postnatally (22 antenatal; 18 postnatal). Fourteen women were migrants and 10 Australian born. Main themes included; 'Significant disruption and loss of peripartum support during the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing impact for migrant women'; 'Husbands/partners filling the support gap' and 'Holding on by a virtual thread'. Half of the participants felt unsupported antenatally. For Australian born women, this dissipated postnatally, but migrants continued to feel unsupported. Migrant women discussed partners stepped into traditional roles and duties of absent mothers and mothers-in-law who were only available virtually. CONCLUSION This study identified disrupted social support for migrant women during the pandemic, providing further evidence that the pandemic has disproportionately impacted migrant populations. However, the benefits identified in this study included high use of virtual support, which could be leveraged for improving clinical care in the present and in future pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted most women's peripartum social support with migrant families having ongoing disruption. Gains in the pandemic included greater gender equity for domestic work as husbands/partners increased their contribution to domestic work and childcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Melov
- Reproduction and Perinatal Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Westmead Institute for Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Research and Education Building, Crn Hawkesbury and Darcy Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia.
| | - Nelma Galas
- Women's and Newborn Health, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie Swain
- Women's and Newborn Health, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thushari I Alahakoon
- Westmead Institute for Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Research and Education Building, Crn Hawkesbury and Darcy Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vincent Lee
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - N Wah Cheung
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Therese McGee
- Women's and Newborn Health, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dharmintra Pasupathy
- Reproduction and Perinatal Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Research and Education Building, Crn Hawkesbury and Darcy Rd, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Justin McNab
- Reproduction and Perinatal Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Low SR, Bono SA, Azmi Z. The effect of emotional support on postpartum depression among postpartum mothers in Asia: A systematic review. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2023; 15:e12528. [PMID: 37072907 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postpartum depression (PPD) is a chronic mood illness that typically develops in the first few months after giving birth. It affects 17.2% of women worldwide, and its deleterious consequences on infants, children, and mothers have elicited global public concern. Therefore, this paper aims to present an overview of the relationship between emotional support and PPD among postpartum mothers in the Asia region. METHODS An extensive search using various keywords was conducted in Science Direct, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, JSTOR, Springer Link, and Taylor Francis. The screening process was compliant with the PRISMA guideline, while the quality of the selected studies was assessed using the QuADS tool. RESULTS The analysis included 15 research from 12 different countries with 6031 postpartum mothers. A decreased risk of PPD for postpartum mothers is shown to be significantly correlated with greater emotional support, and vice versa. DISCUSSION Asian women are less likely to seek emotional assistance than other mothers, which is influenced by culture. There needs to be more research on the impact of culture on postpartum mothers' emotional support. Additionally, this review hopes to raise awareness among the mothers' friends and family as well as the medical community to be more attentive to postpartum mothers' emotional needs and offer specialized assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Rou Low
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Zaireeni Azmi
- Unit for Research on Women and Gender (KANITA), School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Yang SY, Woon EYS, Griva K, Tan BY. A Qualitative Study of Psychosocial Factors in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis: Insights Learned From an Asian Population. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2023; 481:874-884. [PMID: 36580492 PMCID: PMC10097569 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000002526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A patient's experience with knee osteoarthritis (OA) is influenced by many psychosocial contributors that can influence the impact of pain. Such factors are known to explain some of the discordance between objective clinical parameters and patient-reported levels of disability and treatment effectiveness. However, few data are available to help clinicians understand the psychosocial factors that apply to the world's many Asian populations. Insights gained from a qualitative study in such a population may support targeted interventions. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES In this qualitative study involving a group of Asian patients with knee OA in Singapore, we asked: (1) What psychologic factors contribute to patients' experiences, rehabilitation, and recovery? (2) What social factors contribute to patients' experiences, rehabilitation, and recovery? METHODS Semistructured interviews eliciting broad patient experiences of managing knee OA were conducted in an urban, referral-based tertiary hospital in central Singapore. Patients were recruited if they met either of the following criteria: Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥ 3 (minimum of one knee); Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score ≤ 60; or the Pain average (P), interference with Enjoyment of life (E), and interference with General activity (G) (PEG) ≥ 5. All patients had a clinical diagnosis of knee OA, were ambulatory in the community with or without a walking aid, had not undergone partial arthroplasty or TKA, were prescribed nonsurgical treatment, and were conversant in either English or Mandarin. Forty-six patients (30 women and 16 men, mean age 64 years old) were recruited for this study. A thematic analysis with elements of grounded theory and framework analysis was performed using a deductive approach. Psychologic influences specific to patients' behavioral and emotional responses to pain, as well as social factors known to have an impact on the experience of managing knee OA, were identified in the interview transcripts and coded according to established factors from earlier research. An inductive thematic analysis was then applied to the remaining transcripts to identify new themes that emerged from the data. Thematic saturation was attained when study team members agreed data and thematic sufficiency were met in the 46 transcripts. The study team discussed and deemed the 46 transcripts to contain sufficient insights for a reasonably clear understanding of the codes and development of themes to answer the study's research questions. RESULTS Six main themes related to psychosocial influences on pain emerged. Psychologic factors were "loss of face" because of knee OA, anticipation and avoidance of pain and suffering, and a vicious cycle of negative emotional experiences. The social factors we identified were social and family support, workplace environment and employment uncertainty, and built environment (patients' ability to navigate manmade structures and facilities). CONCLUSION Psychosocial factors have an important impact on patients' physical, psychologic, and social functioning. Although several of our findings have been addressed previously, the phenomenon of loss of face and the wide spectrum of social and family support dynamics found in our Asian patients with knee OA were new findings. With loss of face, patients were concerned about how others would view the change in them, including movement changes because of knee OA. They appeared to associate the use of walking canes with major disability, loss of respect, and being discriminated against by others, motivating patients to "save face" by dissociating themselves from those stigmas, even at the cost of mobility and independence. An interplay of complex cultural processes (perceived social roles and contributions to family, desire to avoid burdening family, help-seeking behavior, and the preference for unsolicited social support) underpinned by the value of collectivism impacted the behaviors and choices patients exhibited. CLINICAL RELEVANCE With knowledge about the impact of culturally relevant psychosocial factors on the experience and outcomes of patients with knee OA, clinicians will be able to screen and actively explore these factors more effectively. Especially important themes include pain perception (paying close attention to signs of pain catastrophizing and negative affect), presence of chronic illness shame associated with a diagnosis of knee OA (including the stigma associated with using a walking aid), and level of social support received and contributions of a patient's built environment to kinesiophobia. For patients who are still working, the presence of workplace stressors and management of these stressors should also be explored. Where possible, screening tools that measure psychosocial factors such as pain catastrophizing and emotional distress can also be used as an added layer of screening in busy clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yin Yang
- Psychology Service, Woodlands Health, National Health Group, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eugene Yong Sheng Woon
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Konstadina Griva
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bryan Yijia Tan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Woodlands Health, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
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Xiang CC, Wang X, Xie TT, Fu CL. Differential Effects of Work and Family Support on the Relationship Between Surface Acting and Wellbeing: A Self-Determination Theory Approach. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:198-219. [PMID: 34783268 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211048471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface acting-the management of emotional displays as part of a nurse's work role-is increasingly getting scholars' attention in organizational behavior. Previous research focused on the relationship between surface acting and outcomes (such as psychological well-being) on the basis of resource-centric theories, ignoring the subjective stance of surface acting provider. According to self-determination theory, surface acting affects an individual's well-being through stimulating autonomous or controlled work motivation. Taking nurses as the subjects, the current study proposed that surface acting would affect job satisfaction and further psychological well-being through nurses' controlled work motivation, and work and family support would moderate the above relationships in diverse directions. An online survey of n = 342 nurses working at a hospital in central China was conducted, evaluating surface acting, job satisfaction, psychological well-being, workplace support, and family support. Results indicated that surface acting negatively influenced nurses' psychological well-being through job satisfaction. In addition, the results highlighted the two-faced aspect of social support, in which work support positively moderated the relationships between surface acting, job satisfaction, and psychological well-being, while family support intensified the abovementioned relationships negatively. These findings have important implications for surface acting, social support research, and managerial practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang C Xiang
- Department of Economics and Management, 26476China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xu Wang
- 159371Department of Economics and Management, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Ting T Xie
- 159371Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
| | - Cheng L Fu
- Department of Economics and Management, 26476China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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Hirose K, Meijen C. An exploration of elite Japanese female footballers' acute cultural transition experiences in Europe. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2022; 6:660-667. [PMID: 36200319 DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2022.2133161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The globalisation of women's football reflects the increasing number of female football players moving abroad for their professional careers. Yet, the cultural transition of Asian female athletes into western culture is merely studied. This study focused on the experiences of nine elite Japanese female football players competing in the professional league in Spain and Portugal in the immediate period after moving from Japan. During the semi-structured interview participants shared their experiences of their sporting and non-sporting lives abroad and the impact of this transition on their athletic and non-athletic self and well-being. By using thematic analysis three themes illustrating their positive acculturation experiences were identified: opening up to people's kindness, redefining family, and learning a new mentality. Based on the concept of two types of happiness (interdependent and independent), and the collectivism versus individualism dichotomy, the influence of culture on the relationship between life satisfaction and athletic performance, personal growth, and expanding the support system were critically discussed. Practical implications include insights for sport professionals on how cultural change can affect transnational athletes' sporting and non-sporting lives and influence their mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotone Hirose
- Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Sciences, St Mary's University, London, UK
| | - Carla Meijen
- Faculty of Sport, Allied Health and Performance Sciences, St Mary's University, London, UK
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Hashimoto H, Ohashi T, Yamaguchi S. Solicitation matters: Cultural differences in solicited and unsolicited support provision. Front Psychol 2022; 13:953260. [PMID: 36337562 PMCID: PMC9627144 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.953260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Two studies aimed to examine cultural differences in social support provision, with or without solicitation, in Japan and the United States (US). In Study 1, we replicated a previous study with Japanese university students. We found that the Japanese participants did not provide social support when it was not solicited, as compared with when it was solicited. Furthermore, in Study 2, participants were asked to respond to a questionnaire regarding a hypothetical stressful situation experienced by a close other and to indicate their willingness to provide support. We confirmed our hypothesis that Japanese participants hesitate to provide unsolicited support to close others (such as family members or close friends), even when they recognize that the close others are in need, whereas the American participants do not hesitate to provide such support. Contrastingly, regarding solicited support, the Japanese and Americans were equally ready to provide support, as hypothesized. The cultural difference in social support resides in the provision of unsolicited support. These results suggest that differences in culturally appropriate responses to needy people are responsible for the difference in the provision of unsolicited vs. solicited social support.
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Bentley SV, Young T, Álvarez B, Jetten J, Haslam C, Cruwys T, Casara BGS, Crimston CR, Dare M, Ionescu O, Krug H, Selvanathan HP, Tanjitpiyanond P, Steffens NK, Wang Z, Wibisono S. Double jeopardy: How lower levels of support during COVID-19 exacerbated the relationship between loneliness and distress. Front Public Health 2022; 10:976443. [PMID: 36091542 PMCID: PMC9459340 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.976443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While the relationship between loneliness and psychological distress is well documented, the mechanisms underlying this relationship are less clear. One factor known to be related to loneliness as well as psychological distress, is social support, with some studies suggesting that support-both received and provided-can serve as a mechanism to reduce the distress associated with loneliness. In this paper we examine the mediating role of both aspects of support in the relationship between loneliness and psychological distress in the COVID-19 context. We used a multi-country dataset collected at two timepoints during the pandemic; the first during the early stages (N = 6,842, 11 countries) and the second collected for a subset of countries (N = 1,299, 3 countries) 3 months later. Across all eleven countries, results revealed significant positive associations between loneliness and distress. Furthermore, using longitudinal data, we investigated the directionality of this relationship and found that increased loneliness over time was associated with increased psychological distress. The data also showed that both feeling unsupported and feeling unable to provide support to others mediated this relationship. These findings point to the need to facilitate people's ability to draw effective social support and help others-particularly at times when social connectedness is threatened-as a way of alleviating the psychological distress that commonly presents with loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V. Bentley
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tarli Young
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Belén Álvarez
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jolanda Jetten
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine Haslam
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tegan Cruwys
- Research School of Psychology, The Australia National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - Charlie R. Crimston
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Dare
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Octavia Ionescu
- Laboratoire Parisien de Psychologie Sociale, Université Paris 8 Vincennes, Saint Denis, France
| | - Henning Krug
- Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Niklas K. Steffens
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zhechen Wang
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Susilo Wibisono
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Do Chinese employees avoid seeking social support when coping with work stress? JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/jmo.2022.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Organisational psychology literature is abounded with empirical evidence of the mitigating effect that social support seeking (SSS) behaviour has on stress. However, it is unclear if this phenomenon is present in a collectivist context where workers might be hesitant to seek social support when under stress. A total of 123 employees from China completed a longitudinal survey over 4 weeks assessing their appraisals of an ongoing work stressor, coping strategies, and stress level. Path-analysis, hierarchical regression and means comparison determined the degree of fit of two theoretical perspectives (stress-buffer and main effects) to Chinese employee's SSS behaviour, and its frequency of use against other coping strategies. Results showed that SSS was not elicited by primary and secondary appraisals, but instead may be better explained by employees' collectivistic aspirations. Implications of the results were addressed in relation to stress management strategies and human resource support initiatives. Future research directions were also discussed.
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Niiya Y, Handron C, Markus HR. Will This Help Be Helpful? Giving Aid to Strangers in the United States and Japan. Front Psychol 2022; 12:784858. [PMID: 35145458 PMCID: PMC8821533 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.784858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Japanese rank among the least likely to intervene to help a stranger in a non-emergency situation while Americans rank among the most likely. Across four studies, we demonstrate that Japanese are less likely to offer help to strangers because their decisions rely more heavily on the assessment of the needs of others. Accordingly, when there is uncertainty about the need for help, Japanese are less likely to intervene than Americans because without an understanding of the needs of recipient, the impact of intervention may also be harmful. When the situation is unambiguous, Japanese and Americans are equally likely to help. This divergence in readiness to help strangers elaborates the understanding of why people in Japanese contexts are more likely than those in United States contexts to attend to the situation and to avoid uncertain situations. It also illuminates cultural differences in models of agency-implicit understandings of when and why a person should act to aid another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Niiya
- Faculty of Global and Interdisciplinary Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Caitlin Handron
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hazel Rose Markus
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Pourmand V, Lawley KA, Lehman BJ. Cultural differences in stress and affection following social support receipt. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256859. [PMID: 34499676 PMCID: PMC8428676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Culturally appropriate social support predicts better psychological outcomes. Motivation for providing social support may vary cross-culturally, with more independent cultures valuing self-esteem and more interdependent cultures valuing closeness. Participants in the U.S. (N = 85) and Singapore (N = 78) reported on emotions and social support receipt using the Day Reconstruction Method. We examined cultural differences in stress and affection, and tested country as a moderator of the associations between both social support receipt and social support motivation, and next-episode emotions. Multilevel modeling analyses showed that not only did the emotional correlates of social support receipt vary by country, but that recipient perceptions of esteem-building and closeness-fostering SS also differentially correlated with subsequent emotion. For example, esteem-building SS predicted greater next-episode stress for Singaporean participants, but less stress in the U.S. Esteem-building SS predicted more next-episode affection only in the U.S. Culturally appropriate social support predicts positive psychological outcomes. This research highlights the importance of considering culture when examining the dynamic emotional correlates of social support receipt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Pourmand
- Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kendall A. Lawley
- Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Barbara J. Lehman
- Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Lin SSH, Liu ET. Cognitive reframing and socio-affective regulation modes in emotional self-disclosure: a Taiwanese sample. ASIA PACIFIC JOURNAL OF COUNSELLING AND PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/21507686.2021.1960398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shayne S.-H. Lin
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Emily T. Liu
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
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17
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Wu DC, Kim HS, Collins NL. Perceived responsiveness across cultures: The role of cultural fit in social support use. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Delancey C. Wu
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of California Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Heejung S. Kim
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of California Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Nancy L. Collins
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences University of California Santa Barbara CA USA
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18
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Lee K. Close to Death, Close to Spouse? Effects of Age and Subjective Life Expectancy on Spousal Support. JOURNAL OF ADULT DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10804-021-09388-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Li Y, Zhang XW, Liao B, Liang J, He WJ, Liu J, Yang Y, Zhang YH, Ma T, Wang JY. Social support status and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming city, China. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1413. [PMID: 34273964 PMCID: PMC8285876 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People living with HIV/AIDS not only require effective treatment for the alleviation of physical discomfort but also require social support to help them address difficulties in life and relieve their psychological anxiety and uneasiness. The social support network is of tremendous importance in helping people living with HIV/AIDS maintain good physical and mental health. This study aims to analyse the social support status among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming and explore associated factors. Method The Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) was used, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using convenience sampling to select people living with HIV/AIDS from 14 counties of Kunming. It collected information on general demographic information and social support status. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the associated factors. Results A total of 990 valid questionnaires were completed. Data from all participants were analysed. Univariate analysis suggested that the factors associated with social support may include marital status, monthly income, and antiretroviral therapy. On the other hand, factors including monthly income and antiretroviral therapy accounted for the social support total score in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Social support among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kunming was generally low. This study identified a number of factors associated with social support among people living with HIV/AIDS. Based on our findings, appropriate interventions should be introduced to provide social support for those living with HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1.4# Zi Yun Road, Dian Chi Lv You Du Jia District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Department of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1.4# Zi Yun Road, Dian Chi Lv You Du Jia District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1.4# Zi Yun Road, Dian Chi Lv You Du Jia District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1.4# Zi Yun Road, Dian Chi Lv You Du Jia District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wen-Jie He
- Department of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1.4# Zi Yun Road, Dian Chi Lv You Du Jia District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1.4# Zi Yun Road, Dian Chi Lv You Du Jia District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1.4# Zi Yun Road, Dian Chi Lv You Du Jia District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yun-Hai Zhang
- Kunming Municipal Health Commission, 2.4 / F, building 8, municipal administration center, 1# Jinxiu street, Chenggong New District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Kunming Municipal Health Commission, 2.4 / F, building 8, municipal administration center, 1# Jinxiu street, Chenggong New District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jing-Ying Wang
- Department of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1.4# Zi Yun Road, Dian Chi Lv You Du Jia District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
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20
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Wang Q, Zhang Z, Song P, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Vivino AA, Yang B, Hu P. Factor structure and construct validity of the short form of managing the emotions of others (MEOS-SF) scale in the Chinese sample. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249774. [PMID: 33857187 PMCID: PMC8049282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Emotional manipulation is an important strategy in social interaction. The English version of MEOS-SF has been developed to make the measurement of such manipulation ability more efficient. The purpose of the current study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of MEOS-SF. Methods Explore factor analysis and Confirmatory factor analysis were adopted to examine the Chinese version of the MEOS-SF factor structure in 645 Chinese participants (mean age = 24.68 ± 6.01 years) recruited online. Results Factor analysis supported a new three-factor model that included Conceal, Prosocial, and Non-prosocial, different from the original English MEOS-SF. Enhance and Divert merged to Prosocial factor while Worsen and Inauthentic merged to Non-prosocial factor because both prosocial and non-prosocial pairs had similar objectives, which would be perceived as the same thing by people in Eastern culture. As expected, MEOS-SF factors were found to be correlated with the Big Five, psychopathy, narcissism, Machiavellianism, and trait EI. Conclusions Our results suggested that the Chinese version of MEOS-SF had acceptable psychometric properties and could be used to assess emotional manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianglong Wang
- School of Foreign Languages, Taishan University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- School of Criminal Justice, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Sociology, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Song
- Criminal Investigation and Counter-Terrorism College, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenbiao Liu
- School of Foreign Languages, Taishan University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Qingyun Zhang
- School of Foreign Languages, Taishan University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Anthony A. Vivino
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America
| | - Bo Yang
- School of Sociology, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (BY); (PH)
| | - Ping Hu
- The Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- The Laboratory of Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (BY); (PH)
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21
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Johnson-Esparza Y, Espinosa PR, Verney SP, Boursaw B, Smith BW. Social Support Protects Against Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression: Key Variations in Latinx and Non-Latinx White College Students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 9:161-178. [PMID: 34386724 DOI: 10.1037/lat0000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Social support protects against perceived stress and its harmful effects on psychological well-being. College students in general are at high risk for mental health disorders, and Latinx college students face unique stressors placing them at greater risk of psychological distress. Social support may be a key construct in improving outcomes for college students; however, few studies have empirically tested whether the protective effect of social support is equivalent across racial/ethnic groups. Using a series of regression models, we investigated whether social support moderates the relationship between perceived stress and endorsement of depression and anxiety symptoms in Latinx (n = 265) and non-Latinx White college students (n = 216) and whether this moderating effect varied by group membership. Participants completed a series of questionnaires measuring social support, perceived stress, and depression and anxiety symptoms. The moderating effects of social support varied by group membership and outcomes (i.e., depression and anxiety). Social support moderated the relationship between perceived stress and depression symptoms for both Latinx and non-Latinx White students. However, social support only buffered the effect of perceived stress on anxiety symptom endorsement for Latinx college students. These findings suggest that social support does not function uniformly across racial/ethnic groups or the endorsement of depression and anxiety symptoms. Social support may be particularly important for Latinx students by providing a buffer between perceived stress and symptoms of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajaira Johnson-Esparza
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | | | - Steven P Verney
- Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico.,Psychology Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of New Mexico
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22
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Liu L, Yang C, Huang D. How Do Empowered Leaders Influence the Job Satisfaction of Kindergarten Teachers in China? Evidence From Mediation Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 11:586943. [PMID: 33584421 PMCID: PMC7874125 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.586943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the current shortage of kindergarten teachers, this study examines the relationship between empowering leadership and job satisfaction among kindergarten teachers in China from the perspective of their job characteristics and the Chinese cultural context. The participants were 557 Chinese kindergarten female teachers whose average number of years of experience was 2.82 (SD = 3.02). They completed a self-report survey regarding empowering leadership, vigor, affective commitment, and job satisfaction. The study results show that vigor and affective commitment could mediate the relationship between empowering leadership and job satisfaction. Finally, we discuss the findings of this study in depth. At the same time, we suggest that administrators should focus on the empowering leadership of Chinese kindergarten teachers, strive to increase their level of dynamism, and finally, strengthen the emotional connection between the organization and the Chinese kindergarten teachers. Thus, we suggest that educational administrators should empower kindergarten teachers more, rather than allowing them to be mere enforcers. In addition, how to enhance the individual dynamics of early childhood teachers and their emotional connection to the organization may also be something for educational administrators to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Institute of Education, Yibin University, Yibin, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Institute of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Dawei Huang
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
Given that stroke is an indispensable health burden in Saudi Arabia and around the world, great importance has been attached on studies of social support and other factors that could improve the quality of life of stroke survivors. Perceptions of quality of life and social support may vary depending on patients' cultural and societal background. This research assessed the quality of life and social support of community-dwelling Saudis who survived stroke. A quantitative study was performed among 123 Saudi stroke survivors. Questionnaire-guided interviews measuring social support and quality of life were performed, and the multivariate effects of predictor variables on the four domains of quality of life were determined through multivariate multiple regression analysis. Among the dimensions of social support, support from family members had the highest average, whereas support from friends had the lowest. The environmental domain of quality of life was perceived to be the best aspect, whereas physical health was perceived to be the poorest. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, gender, employment status, monthly family income, type of community, education, type of stroke, side of stroke and support from significant others had multivariate influences on the domains of quality of life. Several sociodemographic and disease-related variables and social support influence patients' quality of life. The study adds critical knowledge as to how Arab stroke survivors perceive their quality of life and social support. Ensuring that stroke survivors receive adequate social support is imperative because it can improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman M Alshahrani
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Social Constraints and PTSD among Chinese American breast cancer survivors: not all kinds of social support provide relief. J Behav Med 2020; 44:29-37. [PMID: 32519299 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-020-00165-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated the association between social constraints and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among breast cancer survivors. Although perceived social support can buffer stress and improve emotional well-being, little is known about which type of social support is most effective in buffering the negative effects of social constraints among cancer survivors. We investigated the moderation of four types of social support (i.e., positive interaction, tangible support, emotional/informational support and affectionate support) on the association between social constraints and PTSD symptoms among Chinese American breast cancer survivors. One hundred and thirty-six Chinese American breast cancer survivors completed questionnaires that assessed social constraints, PTSD symptoms and perceived social support. Results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that only support of positive interaction exerted a buffering effect, with social constraints associated with greater PTSD severity among survivors with low but not high levels of support of positive interaction. In contrast, high levels of tangible support potentiated the association between social constraints and PTSD symptoms. There were no moderating effects of emotional/informational support and affectionate support. These results demonstrated the roles of different types of social support in moderating the stress imposed by social constraints. Our findings highlight the importance of recognizing the potential cultural sensitivity of ethnic minorities in PTSD intervention and mental health services for cancer patients.
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Liu SS, Shteynberg G, Morris MW, Yang Q, Galinsky AD. How Does Collectivism Affect Social Interactions? A Test of Two Competing Accounts. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2020; 47:362-376. [PMID: 32515282 DOI: 10.1177/0146167220923230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
How does the cultural construct of collectivism impact social interactions? Two accounts of collectivism offer diverging predictions. The collectivism-as-values account proposes that people in collectivistic cultures prioritize their ingroup relationships; accordingly, this account predicts that collectivistic cultures will have more harmonious ingroup interactions than individualistic cultures. The socioecological account holds that individualistic cultures have high relational mobility, which requires people to invest in their ingroup relationships, whereas collectivistic cultures feature more fixed relationships that do not require positive engagement. To test these competing hypotheses about ingroup relationships across cultures, we sampled the daily interactions of college students in China and the United States. Results revealed that the individualistic culture (United States) had more positive ingroup interactions, more gratitude, and more emotional support than the collectivistic culture (China). The current findings are consistent with the socioecological account of collectivism and the effects of relational mobility on social relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi S Liu
- Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Qian Yang
- Center for Health Policy Studies, School of Public Health, and Department of Endocrinology, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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26
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Psychological consequences of relational mobility. Curr Opin Psychol 2020; 32:129-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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27
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Chentsova Dutton YE, Choi IJ, Choi E. Perceived Parental Support and Adolescents' Positive Self-Beliefs and Levels of Distress Across Four Countries. Front Psychol 2020; 11:353. [PMID: 32218754 PMCID: PMC7079630 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has shown that parental support has beneficial effects on the psychological well-being of adolescents. Going beyond prior research, the present study made distinctions between information, emotional, and financial parental support and examined adolescents from United States (N = 1,002), China (N = 1,172), South Korea (N = 3,993), and Japan (N = 1,112). The frequency and impact of different types of perceived parental support on adolescents’ positive self-belief and distress levels have been investigated. Consistent with the existing literature, the results showed American adolescents perceived greater emotional and informational support than others, while Chinese, Korean, and Japanese adolescents perceived greater tangible support compared to American adolescents. Notably, Chinese adolescents reported higher levels of parental support than other East Asian adolescents. The perceived parental support influenced positive self-beliefs equally across cultural groups, but informational support impacted distress to a greater degree for American adolescents than East Asian adolescents. The implications of the present research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - In-Jae Choi
- National Youth Policy Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eunsoo Choi
- Department of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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28
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Goodwin R, Graham J, Diekmann KA. Good intentions aren't good enough: Moral courage in opposing sexual harassment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2019.103894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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29
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Emotions in Social Relationships and Their Implications for Health and Disease: Introduction to the Special Issue of Psychosomatic Medicine. Psychosom Med 2019; 81:676-680. [PMID: 31599821 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Social relationships and emotions are important to health and disease, but research in this area has largely progressed along parallel and distinct historical paths. These areas are critically linked because relationships are among the most powerful elicitors of health-relevant emotions and emotions can in turn influence relationships for better or worse. Conceptually, relationships and emotions can have mediational, reciprocal, and interactive influences on health outcomes, associations that seem dependent on the broader sociocultural context. The articles in this issue of Psychosomatic Medicine are based on a joint meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society and the Society for Affective Science titled "Emotions in social relationships: implications for health and disease." Recent research and conceptual models that fall at the interface of relationships, emotions, and health are highlighted in this special issue. Future work that capitalizes on these links will be critical if this area is to fulfill its potential in terms of new scientific insights and intervention opportunities.
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Shorey S, Ng ED. Evaluation of a Technology-Based Peer-Support Intervention Program for Preventing Postnatal Depression (Part 2): Qualitative Study. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e12915. [PMID: 31469080 PMCID: PMC6740164 DOI: 10.2196/12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social support is known to reduce risks of postnatal depression (PND) and improve maternal emotional well-being. However, the Asian cultural context is often neglected when appraising maternal needs and mothers’ preferences for social support. While many preventive efforts have experimented with technology, professionals, and paraprofessionals in providing social support to mothers in need, most studies determined the effectiveness of their interventions through quantitative measurements of maternal outcomes. Experiences and feedback from both participants and administrators are rarely discussed, especially in an Asian setting. Objective The goal of the research was to evaluate the postnatal experiences of Asian mothers at risk of PND and the perceptions of peer volunteers regarding a technology-based peer-support intervention program (PIP). Methods A qualitative semistructured interview was conducted with 20 Asian mothers at risk of depression (10 from the control group and 10 from the intervention group) and 19 peer volunteers from a randomized controlled trial. The PIP included weekly correspondence between peer volunteers and mothers through any telecommunication means over 4 weeks. All interviews were approximately 30 to 60 minutes long, audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Study findings were reported according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials checklist. Results Two overarching themes comprising five subthemes were generated: postnatal experience (a bouncy ride, a way forward) and evaluation of the PIP (valuable, flexible, and supportive program; building blocks of a good relationship; and lessons learned and the road ahead). Mothers from both the control and interventions groups were generally satisfied with hospital care and the support received from family. They also shared similar breastfeeding challenges and needs for more informed decisions and follow-up support from the hospital. However, mothers who received the PIP tended to have more positive outlooks of their birth experiences. Overall, peer volunteers and mothers involved in the PIP found the PIP useful and expressed satisfaction with the program’s flexibility. They also shared their personal takeaways, the qualities of their friendships, and the need for extended correspondence time and recommended outreach to non–at-risk mothers. Conclusions The positive endorsement of the PIP by peer volunteers and mothers suggests the success of the PIP in maintaining positive maternal emotional well-being during the postpartum period. With the help of technology, hospitals can easily provide additional peer support to at-risk mothers in addition to existing standard care offered to these mothers. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN14864807; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN14864807 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/resprot.9416
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefaly Shorey
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Esperanza Debby Ng
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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31
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Lawley KA, Willett ZZ, Scollon CN, Lehman BJ. Did you really need to ask? Cultural variation in emotional responses to providing solicited social support. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219478. [PMID: 31299054 PMCID: PMC6625699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Most prior research on culture and the dynamics of social support has focused on the emotional outcomes for social support recipients. Though an existing body of research has identified cross-cultural differences in the emotional correlates of receiving different types of social support, researchers have seldom examined possible cultural differences in the experience of social support providers. This study used the Day Reconstruction Method to examine cultural differences in the emotional correlates of the provision of solicited and unsolicited and emotional and informational social support in the daily lives of Singaporean (n = 79) and American (n = 88) participants. Singaporean participants reported providing more social support overall. Regardless of culture, participants reported more positive emotion (affection, happiness) and less negative emotion (anger, anxiety) when they provided emotional social support. Also, multilevel modeling analyses revealed a 3-way interaction between culture, social support provision, and social support solicitation, indicating cultural differences in negative emotional responses to providing solicited social support. Specifically, results suggest that attempts to provide more solicited social support were associated with more negative emotions in the U.S. In contrast, provider negative emotions were highest in Singapore when the provider did not meet the recipient’s request for support. Patterns of cultural differences in social support provision are dissimilar to—rather than simply mirroring—those found in published research on social support receipt, highlighting the importance of studying social support provision as a distinct phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall A. Lawley
- Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Zachary Z. Willett
- Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Christie N. Scollon
- Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
| | - Barbara J. Lehman
- Department of Psychology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ishii K, Mojaverian T, Masuno K, Kim HS. Cultural Differences in Motivation for Seeking Social Support and the Emotional Consequences of Receiving Support: The Role of Influence and Adjustment Goals. JOURNAL OF CROSS-CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0022022117731091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Molina Y, Beresford SAA, Hayes Constant T, Thompson B. Conversations about Abnormal Mammograms on Distress and Timely Follow-up Across Ethnicity. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2017; 32:320-327. [PMID: 26403889 PMCID: PMC4808511 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-015-0918-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Communication with healthcare providers, family, and friends is associated with increased mammography use. Less is known about the abnormal mammogram experience, especially in terms of the interval between screening and follow-up appointments (time to follow-up) and psychological distress. The impact of communication may vary across ethnicity, depending on cultural emphases placed on interpersonal relationships. The current study's objectives were to (a) explore the role of family/friend and provider communication with regard to time to follow-up and distress and (b) examine if family/friend and provider communication moderates associations between ethnicity and these outcomes. A convenience-based sample of 41 Latina and 41 non-Latina White (NLW) women who had received an abnormal mammogram result was recruited from Washington State. Women who discussed results with providers had a shorter time to follow-up, although this was not significant when including health insurance. A significant interaction between conversations with family/friends and ethnicity was found: Latinas who did not have conversations with family/friends had particularly elevated psychological distress relative to NLW women and slightly more than other Latinas. This exploratory study suggests health communication with providers and family/friends is important for timely receipt of follow-up care and reduced distress among women who receive an abnormal mammogram result, which has implications for cancer education intervention development and adaptation. Larger, population-based research is necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tara Hayes Constant
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Beti Thompson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Zhou B, Heather D, Cesare AD, Ryder AG. Ask and you might receive: The actor-partner interdependence model approach to estimating cultural and gender variations in social support. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biru Zhou
- Centre for Research on Children and Families; McGill University; Montreal Canada
| | - Dara Heather
- Department of Psychology; Concordia University; Montreal Canada
| | | | - Andrew G. Ryder
- Department of Psychology; Concordia University; Montreal Canada
- Jewish General Hospital; Montreal Canada
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Social support and networks: cardiovascular responses following recall on immigration stress among Chinese Americans. J Immigr Minor Health 2016; 17:543-52. [PMID: 24288021 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-013-9955-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Social support has been shown to act as a buffer for cardiovascular responses to stress. However, little is known about how social support and networks are related to cardiovascular responses to immigration stress recall. The current study evaluated the impact of structural and functional support on cardiovascular reaction following immigrant stress recall provocation as well as the moderation effect of interdependent self-construal among first-generation Chinese immigrants. One hundred fifty Chinese immigrants were recruited in the New York Chinatown area. Participants completed questionnaires assessing their levels of social support and networks, and interdependent self-construal. Following adaptation, participants recalled a recent post-immigration stress-provoking situation. Cardiovascular measures were taken during adaptation, stressor task, and recovery period. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed. Social network size and type, as well as perceived emotional support were positively predictive of systolic blood pressure (SBP) reactivity changes. Instrumental support seeking was a positive predictor of SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) reactivity. The moderation effect between instrumental support seeking and interdependent self-construal were significantly predictive of DBP reactivity and recovery, suggesting that perceptions about themselves in relation to others is a crucial factor for determining whether support seeking is beneficial or not. Social support was not a direct buffer on cardiovascular responses to stress among Chinese immigrants. Chinese values of interdependence and collectivism may partly explain the disconfirming results. Still, when interdependent self-construal was taken into account, Chinese immigrants who had less interdependent self-construal, but solicited more instrumental support, had faster adaptation to stress over the long term.
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Chang MXL, Jetten J, Cruwys T, Haslam C, Praharso N. The More (Social Group Memberships), the Merrier: Is This the Case for Asians? Front Psychol 2016; 7:1001. [PMID: 27462281 PMCID: PMC4940425 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
While previous studies have consistently shown that belonging to multiple groups enhances well-being, the current research proposes that for Asians, multiple group memberships (MGM) may confer fewer well-being benefits. We suggest that this is due, in part, to Asian norms about relationships and support seeking, making Asians more reluctant to enlist social support due to concerns about burdening others. Overall, MGM was associated with enhanced well-being in Westerners (Study 2), but not Asians (Studies 1-3). Study 2 showed that social support mediated the relationship between MGM and well-being for Westerners only. In Study 3, among Asians, MGM benefited the well-being of those who were least reluctant to enlist support. Finally, reviewing the MGM evidence-base to date, relative to Westerners, MGM was less beneficial for the well-being of Asians. The evidence underscores the importance of culture in influencing how likely individuals utilize their group memberships as psychological resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa X-L Chang
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jolanda Jetten
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tegan Cruwys
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine Haslam
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nurul Praharso
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Match between culture and social support: Acculturation moderates the relationship between social support and well-being of Chinese American breast cancer survivors. Qual Life Res 2016; 26:73-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-016-1362-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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LeClair J, Sasaki JY, Ishii K, Shinada M, Kim HS. Gene–culture interaction: influence of culture and oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) polymorphism on loneliness. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40167-016-0034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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van Dijk MAJ, Giebels E, Zebel S. Building Strength or Lending an Ear in Legal Conflicts: Dependence and Conflict Asymmetry as Distinct Predictors of Needs for Support. NEGOTIATION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/ncmr.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian A. J. van Dijk
- Department of Psychology of Conflict, Risk and Safety; University of Twente; Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Giebels
- Department of Psychology of Conflict, Risk and Safety; University of Twente; Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Sven Zebel
- Department of Psychology of Conflict, Risk and Safety; University of Twente; Enschede The Netherlands
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Molina Y, Ornelas IJ, Doty SL, Bishop S, Beresford SAA, Coronado GD. Family/friend recommendations and mammography intentions: the roles of perceived mammography norms and support. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2015; 30:797-809. [PMID: 26324395 PMCID: PMC4654755 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyv040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Identifying factors that increase mammography use among Latinas is an important public health priority. Latinas are more likely to report mammography intentions and use, if a family member or friend recommends that they get a mammogram. Little is known about the mechanisms underlying the relationship between social interactions and mammography intentions. Theory suggests that family/friend recommendations increase perceived mammography norms (others believe a woman should obtain a mammogram) and support (others will help her obtain a mammogram), which in turn increase mammography intentions and use. We tested these hypotheses with data from the ¡Fortaleza Latina! study, a randomized controlled trial including 539 Latinas in Washington State. Women whose family/friend recommended they get a mammogram within the last year were more likely to report mammography intentions, norms and support. Perceived mammography norms mediated the relationship between family/friend recommendations and intentions, Mediated Effect = 0.38, 95%CI [0.20, 0.61], but not support, Mediated Effect = 0.002, 95%CI [-0.07, 0.07]. Our findings suggest perceived mammography norms are a potential mechanism underlying the effect of family/friend recommendations on mammography use among Latinas. Our findings make an important contribution to theory about the associations of social interactions, perceptions and health behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamile Molina
- Community Health Sciences Division, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA, Cancer Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA,
| | - India J Ornelas
- Cancer Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA, Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122, USA
| | - Sarah L Doty
- Sea Mar community Health Centers, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
| | - Sonia Bishop
- Cancer Prevention, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Shirley A A Beresford
- Sea Mar community Health Centers, Seattle, WA 98108, USA, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122, USA and
| | - Gloria D Coronado
- Kaiser Permanente Research Center for Health Research, Portland, OR 97227, USA
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Chen JM, Kim HS, Sherman DK, Hashimoto T. Cultural Differences in Support Provision. PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN 2015; 41:1575-89. [DOI: 10.1177/0146167215602224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Emotional expression is highly valued in individualistic cultures, whereas emotional restraint is prioritized in collectivistic cultures. We hypothesized that high-quality relationships in these cultures would exhibit the forms of support provision congruent with their respective expectations. Study 1 examined support transactions among friends in response to a laboratory stressor and found that objectively judged relationship quality (RQ) more strongly positively predicted emotion-focused support provision behaviors by European Americans than by Asian Americans. Study 2, a questionnaire study, found that self-reported RQ predicted emotion-focused support provision more strongly among European Americans than among Japanese. Study 3 investigated more indirect forms of support and found that RQ more strongly predicted worrying about and monitoring close others enduring stressors and spending time with them without talking about the stressor among Asian Americans compared with European Americans. These findings suggest that RQ is expressed in terms of support provision in culturally normative ways.
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Ren J, Jiang X, Yao J, Li X, Liu X, Pang M, Chiang CLV. Depression, Social Support, and Coping Styles among Pregnant Women after the Lushan Earthquake in Ya'an, China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135809. [PMID: 26270035 PMCID: PMC4535859 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study is to assess the depression of pregnant women in the aftermath of an earthquake, and to identify the social support that they obtained, their coping styles and socio-demographic factors associated with depression. Methods A total of 128 pregnant women from three hospitals in the epicenter area were recruited immediately after the Ya’an earthquake. Their depression was investigated using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) with a cutoff score of 14; the social support that they obtained was measured using the Social Support Questionnaire; and their coping styles were assessed using the Coping Styles Questionnaire. Results Immediately after the earthquake, the incidence rate of depression in pregnant women was 35.2%, higher than that of the general pregnant population (7%-14%). The EPDS scores were significantly correlated with gestation age at the time of the earthquake, objective support, subjective support, use of support, negative coping style, and positive coping style. The regression analysis indicated that risk factors of prenatal depression include the number of children, relatives wounded, subjective support, and coping styles. A further analysis of the interaction between social support and two types of coping styles with depression showed that there was interaction effect between subjective social support and positive coping styles in relation to EPDS scores. There was an inverse relationship between low EPDS scores and positive coping styles and high social support, and vice versa. Conclusion The timing of the occurrence of the earthquake may not necessarily affect the progress of the illness and recovery from depression, and psychological intervention could be conducted in the immediate aftermath after the earthquake. The impact of coping styles on prenatal depression appeared to be linked with social support. Helping pregnant women to adopt positive coping styles with good social support after a recent major earthquake, which is a stressor, may reduce their chances of developing prenatal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Ren
- Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaolian Jiang
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jianrong Yao
- Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xirong Li
- Obstetrics Department, Ya’an People’s Hospital, Ya’an, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinghui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meiche Pang
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Morling B, Uchida Y, Frentrup S. Social Support in Two Cultures: Everyday Transactions in the U.S. and Empathic Assurance in Japan. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127737. [PMID: 26107165 PMCID: PMC4479601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied received social support using the cross-cultural method of situation sampling. College students from the US and Japan described and rated recent examples of received social support, both everyday support as well as support in response to stress. Middle class, European-American (EuA) students' situations fit a model in which support is frequent and offered freely in interactions, even for relatively minor issues. Even when it's unrequested, EuA support makes recipients feel in control, and support-givers are perceived to have acted by free choice. In contrast, results suggest that middle-class Japanese (Jpn) contexts favor support that is empathic and responsive to the recipients' degree of need. Japanese support was experienced positively when it was emotional support, when it was in more serious situations and when the support was rated as needed by the recipient. In Japan, although problem-based support is most common, it is not particularly positive, apparently because it is less likely to be perceived as needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Morling
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
| | - Yukiko Uchida
- Kokoro Research Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sandra Frentrup
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States of America
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Saklofske DH, Austin EJ, Yan G, Smith MM. Factor structure and correlates of the Mandarin version of the Managing the Emotions of Others (MEOS) scale. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 51:72-7. [PMID: 25677384 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The English-language version of the Managing the Emotions of Others (MEOS) scale has been found to have a six-factor structure. This includes two pairs (Enhance, Divert and Worsen, Inauthentic) that respectively describe prosocial and non-prosocial interpersonal emotion management, together with an emotional concealment factor (Conceal) and a factor assessing poor self-rated emotional skills. A Mandarin translation of the MEOS was completed by 277 Chinese student participants. Factor analysis indicated a four-factor structure comprising a merged Enhance/Divert factor, together with Worsen, Inauthentic and Conceal factors. The emergence of a different factor structure compared to Western samples may be related to culture-dependent attitudes to emotional expression. The associations of the MEOS factors with Five-Factor model personality, the Dark Triad and trait emotional intelligence (EI) were examined; these were similar to but generally weaker than those found for the English-language version.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gonggu Yan
- School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Martin M Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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45
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Miller JG, Bland C, Källberg-Shroff M, Tseng CY, Montes-George J, Ryan K, Das R, Chakravarthy S. Culture and the role of exchange vs. communal norms in friendship. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2014.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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46
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Hostinar CE, Sullivan RM, Gunnar MR. Psychobiological mechanisms underlying the social buffering of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis: a review of animal models and human studies across development. Psychol Bull 2014; 140:256-282. [PMID: 23607429 PMCID: PMC3844011 DOI: 10.1037/a0032671 10.1037/a0032671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Discovering the stress-buffering effects of social relationships has been one of the major findings in psychobiology in the last century. However, an understanding of the underlying neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of this buffering is only beginning to emerge. An important avenue of this research concerns the neurocircuitry that can regulate the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. The present review is a translational effort aimed at integrating animal models and human studies of the social regulation of the HPA axis from infancy to adulthood, specifically focusing on the process that has been named social buffering. This process has been noted across species and consists of a dampened HPA axis stress response to threat or challenge that occurs with the presence or assistance of a conspecific. We describe aspects of the relevant underlying neurobiology when enough information exists and expose major gaps in our understanding across all domains of the literatures we aimed to integrate. We provide a working conceptual model focused on the role of oxytocinergic systems and prefrontal neural networks as 2 of the putative biological mediators of this process, and propose that the role of early experiences is critical in shaping later social buffering effects. This synthesis points to both general future directions and specific experiments that need to be conducted to build a more comprehensive model of the HPA social buffering effect across the life span that incorporates multiple levels of analysis: neuroendocrine, behavioral, and social.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina M Sullivan
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center
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47
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Hostinar CE, Sullivan RM, Gunnar MR. Psychobiological mechanisms underlying the social buffering of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis: a review of animal models and human studies across development. Psychol Bull 2013; 140:256-82. [PMID: 23607429 DOI: 10.1037/a0032671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Discovering the stress-buffering effects of social relationships has been one of the major findings in psychobiology in the last century. However, an understanding of the underlying neurobiological and psychological mechanisms of this buffering is only beginning to emerge. An important avenue of this research concerns the neurocircuitry that can regulate the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis. The present review is a translational effort aimed at integrating animal models and human studies of the social regulation of the HPA axis from infancy to adulthood, specifically focusing on the process that has been named social buffering. This process has been noted across species and consists of a dampened HPA axis stress response to threat or challenge that occurs with the presence or assistance of a conspecific. We describe aspects of the relevant underlying neurobiology when enough information exists and expose major gaps in our understanding across all domains of the literatures we aimed to integrate. We provide a working conceptual model focused on the role of oxytocinergic systems and prefrontal neural networks as 2 of the putative biological mediators of this process, and propose that the role of early experiences is critical in shaping later social buffering effects. This synthesis points to both general future directions and specific experiments that need to be conducted to build a more comprehensive model of the HPA social buffering effect across the life span that incorporates multiple levels of analysis: neuroendocrine, behavioral, and social.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Regina M Sullivan
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University Langone Medical Center
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48
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Mojaverian T, Hashimoto T, Kim HS. Cultural differences in professional help seeking: a comparison of Japan and the u.s. Front Psychol 2013; 3:615. [PMID: 23426857 PMCID: PMC3576055 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has found cultural differences in the frequency of support seeking. Asians and Asian Americans report seeking support from their close others to deal with their stress less often compared to European Americans. Similarly, other research on professional help seeking has shown that Asians and Asian Americans are less likely than European Americans to seek professional psychological help. Previous studies link this difference to multitude of factors, such as cultural stigma and reliance on informal social networks. The present research examined another explanation for cultural differences in professional help seeking. We predicted that the observed cultural difference in professional help seeking is an extension of culture-specific interpersonal relationship patterns. In the present research, undergraduate students in Japan and the United States completed the Inventory of Attitudes toward Seeking Mental Health Services, which measures professional help seeking propensity, psychological openness to acknowledging psychological problems, and indifference to the stigma of seeking professional help. The results showed that Japanese reported greater reluctance to seek professional help compared to Americans. Moreover, the relationship between culture and professional help seeking attitudes was partially mediated by use of social support seeking among close others. The implications of cultural differences in professional help seeking and the relationship between support seeking and professional help seeking are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taraneh Mojaverian
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA, USA
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Detweiler-Bedell JB, Detweiler-Bedell B, Baugher A, Cohen M, Robertson J. Using Message Framing to Promote Social Support in Depression: When Misery Makes Better Company. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12646-012-0173-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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50
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Cultural Differences in the Link Between Supportive Relationships and Proinflammatory Cytokines. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550612467831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that inflammation may partially mediate the link between supportiveness of social relationships and physical health. However, cultural differences between Asians and European Americans in the nature of relationships and in seeking social support suggest that there may be cultural differences in the relation between supportive relationships and proinflammatory activity. One hundred and twenty-one young adult participants completed assessments of support from their close relationships (parents, romantic partner, and close friends) and provided oral mucosal transudate samples for assessment of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the type II soluble receptor for tumor necrosis factor-α (sTNFαRII). As predicted, more supportive relationships were related to lower levels of IL-6 among European Americans, but not among Asian Americans. There were no relations to sTNFαRII in either group. We conclude that associations between supportive relationships and inflammatory activity may differ in ways that reflect cultural differences in the construal of relationships and social support.
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