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Wendt C. [Strategies against loneliness-examples from an international comparative perspective]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2024:10.1007/s00103-024-03945-y. [PMID: 39207500 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-024-03945-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The extent of loneliness differs internationally. Especially in the developed welfare states of Northern Europe, loneliness levels in the population are comparatively low. However, the increase in loneliness in many countries shows that existing concepts are not sufficient to provide effective protection against loneliness. Younger people also need to be strengthened so that they do not withdraw when they experience social exclusion and loneliness. This requires qualified specialists in kindergartens, schools, sports clubs, and other leisure facilities who help children and young people to establish social contacts. Friendship and neighborhood models have proven to be successful when it comes to strategies to combat loneliness. Greater identification with the neighborhood and a feeling of security help build social networks and reduce loneliness. For older people it is important to be able to stay in their usual social environment and maintain their social contacts. To this end, accessible public spaces must be combined with home care and support services that are tailored to the needs and wishes of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Wendt
- Lehrstuhl für Soziologie der Gesundheit und des Gesundheitssystems, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Deutschland.
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McDonald B, Reiter AMF, Kanske P. Theater-based interventions as a means of reducing social isolation and loneliness, facilitating successful aging, and strengthening social cognition in older adults. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1364509. [PMID: 39006549 PMCID: PMC11240220 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1364509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brennan McDonald
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany
| | - Andrea M F Reiter
- German Center of Prevention Research on Mental Health, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Philipp Kanske
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany
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Hajek A, Zwar L, Gyasi RM, Kretzler B, König HH. Prevalence and determinants of loneliness among the oldest old living in institutionalized settings : Study findings from a representative survey. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 57:214-219. [PMID: 37266683 PMCID: PMC11078814 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-023-02196-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is very limited knowledge regarding the prevalence and determinants of loneliness in oldest old residents of nursing or old age homes. OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence and determinants of loneliness among the oldest old living in institutionalized settings in Germany. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data were taken from the representative survey on quality of life and subjective well-being of the very old in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW80+) including individuals ≥ 80 years living in North Rhine-Westphalia. The study focused on individuals living in institutionalized settings. Sociodemographic, lifestyle-related, and health-related determinants were included in multiple linear regression models. RESULTS Approximately 56.6% of the individuals were not lonely, 25.7% and 17.8% of the individuals were moderately and severely lonely, respectively. Regression analyses showed that higher loneliness was associated with being married (β = 0.48, p < 0.05), high education (compared to low education, β = 0.46, p < 0.05), having a small social network size (β = -0.02, p < 0.05), having poor self-rated health (β = -0.25, p < 0.05), and more depressive symptoms (β = 0.25, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION A significant proportion of the institutionalized oldest old individuals reported moderate or severe loneliness, which underpins the relevance of this topic. Understanding the determinants of loneliness may help to address institutionalized adults aged 80 years and over at risk of loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Larissa Zwar
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Razak M Gyasi
- Aging and Development Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
- National Centre for Naturopathic Medicine, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Benedikt Kretzler
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Center for Health Economics, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Qiu Y, Cong Z, Wang X, Li S. Potential factors associated with resilience among older adults in rural China: a multilevel analysis. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:844. [PMID: 38087241 PMCID: PMC10717782 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resilience is crucial for older adults who experience adversities, but research on the issue in rural China remains limited. This study aims to examine factors associated with resilience among older adults in rural China, as related to different types of resilience, and under different levels of adversity. METHODS Data were taken from the eight-wave (2001-2021) Longitudinal Study of Older Adults in Anhui Province, China. We used data from the eighth wave (2021) for the outcome variables and lagged predictors (2018) to avoid reverse causal effects. The study sample included individuals 60 years and above, excluding new participants from 2021, those without any adverse events, and any respondents with incomplete analytic data. Resilience was operationalized as residuals of the regressions of life satisfaction (Life Satisfaction Scale) and depressive symptoms (CES-D) on adversity, referred to as Type-1 and Type-2 resilience respectively. These two types of resilience were then treated as the outcome variables in subsequent multilevel regressions, with the predictors focusing on individual, social, and environmental characteristics and resources. This study adheres to STROBE guidelines. RESULTS 43% of rural older adults exhibited both Type-1 and Type-2 resilience, whereas 18% exhibited only Type-1 resilience and 7% exhibited only Type-2 resilience. Common factors associated with both types of resilience included self-rated health, satisfaction with one's own financial situation, and the prestigiousness of social networks. Predictors for higher levels of Type-1 resilience included higher levels of financial and emotional support and more options for places of leisure. Predictors for higher levels of Type-2 resilience included greater access to medical care. The prestigiousness of social networks, higher levels of emotional support and instrumental support, access to medical care, and more options of places of leisure were positively associated with resilience in the low-adversity group (first tertile of adversity), only satisfaction with financial situation was positively correlated with the resilience of the middle-adversity group (second tertile), while better self-rated health, satisfaction with financial situation, and financial support yielded greater resilience in the high-adversity group (third tertile). CONCLUSIONS We examined two types of resilience among older adults in rural China, and found that they have shared and unique associated factors. In addition, the potential factors influencing resilience varied with the level of adversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Qiu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Cong
- School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuzhuo Li
- Center for Aging and Health Research, School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Beogo I, Sia D, Collin S, Phaelle Gedeon A, Louismé MC, Ramdé J, Gagnon MP, Tchouaket Nguemeleu E. Strengthening Social Capital to Address Isolation and Loneliness in Long-Term Care Facilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review of Research on Information and Communication Technologies. JMIR Aging 2023; 6:e46753. [PMID: 37578824 PMCID: PMC10463087 DOI: 10.2196/46753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately and severely affected older adults, namely those living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Aside from experiencing high mortality rates, survivors were critically concerned by social isolation and loneliness (SIL). To address this serious public health concern and stay connected with LTCF residents, information and communication technology (ICT) platforms (eg, video calls) were used as an alternative to maintaining social interactions amid the visiting restriction policy. OBJECTIVE This paper aimed to synthesize the effects of ICT-related communication interventions using SMS text messaging or chat, video, voice mail, or photo to address SIL in LTCF residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In total, 2793 references published in English and French in 2019 and onward were obtained from 10 relevant databases: PsycINFO-Ovid, Ovid-MEDLINE, CINAHL-EBSCO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, DirectScience, Communication & Mass Media Complete, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library. A 2-person screening approach was used, and the studies were screened independently and blindly. A narrative synthesis was performed to interpret the results of the included studies, and their quality was appraised. RESULTS In total, 4 studies were included in the review. ICT-related applications were used to ensure connectedness to address SIL. ICT interventions consisted mainly of videoconferencing, intergroup video call sessions between residents, and chatting (SMS text messages and phone calls). Roughly 3 classes of mediating ICT tools were used: video calls using software applications (eg, Skype); robot systems embedding video telephones; and ordinary telecommunication such as telephone, internet, social media platforms, and videoconferencing. This review has included the role of humanoid robots in LTCFs as an innovation avenue because of their multipurpose use (eg, communication tools and remotely operable). CONCLUSIONS Remote social capitalization through ICT applications has become an avenue to reduce SIL among LTCF residents. This review examined a social connection approach that will remain relevant and even be fostered after the COVID-19 pandemic. As families remain the main stakeholders of LTCFs, this study's findings could inform policy makers and frontline managers to better shape programs and initiatives to prevent or reduce SIL in LTCFs. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/36269.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Drissa Sia
- Département des sciences infirmières, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, QC, Canada
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Zhang B, Zhang W, Sun L, Jiang C, Zhou Y, He K. Relationship between alexithymia, loneliness, resilience and non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents with depression: a multi-center study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:445. [PMID: 37337144 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04938-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors are prevalent in adolescents and have adverse effects on physical and mental health. However, little is known about the relationship between NSSI and alexithymia, or the underlying mechanisms that could explain this relationship. This study aimed to elucidate the current status of NSSI in adolescent depression, and analyze the relationship between alexithymia, loneliness, resilience, and adolescent depression with NSSI, so as to provide a theoretical basis for psychotherapeutic interventions. METHOD The study sample involved inpatients and outpatients from 12 hospitals across China and adolescents with depression who met the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for depression episode. The following scales were used: The Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Connor Davidson Resilience Scale. RESULTS The detection rate of NSSI in adolescents with depression from 2021.01.01-2022.01.01 was 76.06% (1782/2343). Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between alexithymia, loneliness, resilience and NSSI in depressed adolescents, and the results of the non-parametric test showed that the differences between the two groups for each factor were statistically significant. Binary logistic regression results showed that alexithymia (B = 0.023, p = 0.003, OR = 1.023, 95% CI: 1.008-1.038) and depression (B = 0.045, p < 0.001, OR = 1.046, 95% CI: 1.026-1.066) are risk factors for NSSI, resilience (B = - 0.052, p < 0.001, OR = 0.949, 95% CI: 0.935 - 0.964) is a protective factor for NSSI. Alexithymia directly predicted NSSI and also indirectly influenced NSSI through the mediated effect of resilience. Loneliness moderates the first half of the path of this mediated model. CONCLUSION The present study confirms a moderated mediation effect: Alexithymia can have an impact on NSSI behaviors in depressed adolescents through the mediating role of resilience. Loneliness, as a moderating variable, moderated the first half of the pathway of the mediating model. We discuss perspectives for future research and interventions based on the findings of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, 230022, Hefei, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, 230022, Hefei, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Lingmin Sun
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, 230022, Hefei, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Kongliang He
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Anhui Mental Health Center, 230022, Hefei, China.
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, China.
- Psychological counseling department, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Anhui, 230000, China.
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7
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Chen Y, Zhou Y, Li M, Hong Y, Chen H, Zhu S, Zhou Y, Yang S, Wu X, Wang D. Social capital and loneliness among older adults in community dwellings and nursing homes in Zhejiang Province of China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1150310. [PMID: 37275480 PMCID: PMC10237354 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1150310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Loneliness is an important problem afflicting the health of older adults, and has been proven to be associated with social capital. Previous research in China rarely investigated the differences of social capital and loneliness between older adults living in community dwellings and nursing homes. This study aims to examine the status of social capital and loneliness among older adults living in community dwellings and nursing homes, and analyze the relationship between them. Methods A total of 1,278 older adults were recruited for the study from the cities of Hangzhou, Huzhou, and Lishui in Zhejiang Province of China from July to October 2021 by using multi-stage stratified random sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect data on the participants' sociodemographic characteristics, social capital, and loneliness. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to examine the relationship between social capital and loneliness. The interaction of social capital and institutionalization on loneliness was also explored. Results Compared with community-dwelling older adults, institutionalized older adults had higher levels of loneliness and lower degrees of social support, social connection, trust, cohesion, and reciprocity. A further analysis of the social capital showed that low levels of social support, trust, and cohesion were related to high levels of loneliness among adults in both community dwellings and nursing homes. Social connection was negatively correlated with loneliness among older adults living in community dwellings. Institutionalization itself demonstrated a strong effect on loneliness. Conclusion Health-related policies should help older adults gain more social support, trust and cohesion to alleviate their loneliness. This is particularly crucial for older adults living in nursing homes, as they have higher levels of loneliness and lower levels of social capital than noninstitutionalized older adults.
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Paquet C, Whitehead J, Shah R, Adams AM, Dooley D, Spreng RN, Aunio AL, Dubé L. Social Prescription Interventions Addressing Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Meta-Review Integrating On-the-Ground Resources. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e40213. [PMID: 37195738 PMCID: PMC10233446 DOI: 10.2196/40213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social prescription programs represent a viable solution to linking primary care patients to nonmedical community resources for improving patient well-being. However, their success depends on the integration of patient needs with local resources. This integration could be accelerated by digital tools that use expressive ontology to organize knowledge resources, thus enabling the seamless navigation of diverse community interventions and services tailored to the needs of individual users. This infrastructure bears particular relevance for older adults, who experience a range of social needs that impact their health, including social isolation and loneliness. An essential first step in enabling knowledge mobilization and the successful implementation of social prescription initiatives to meet the social needs of older adults is to incorporate the evidence-based academic literature on what works, with on-the-ground solutions in the community. OBJECTIVE This study aims to integrate scientific evidence with on-the-ground knowledge to build a comprehensive list of intervention terms and keywords related to reducing social isolation and loneliness in older adults. METHODS A meta-review was conducted using a search strategy combining terms related to older adult population, social isolation and loneliness, and study types relevant to reviews using 5 databases. Review extraction included intervention characteristics, outcomes (social [eg, loneliness, social isolation, and social support] or mental health [eg, psychological well-being, depression, and anxiety]), and effectiveness (reported as consistent, mixed, or not supported). Terms related to identified intervention types were extracted from the reviewed literature as well as descriptions of corresponding community services in Montréal, Canada, available from web-based regional, municipal, and community data sources. RESULTS The meta-review identified 11 intervention types addressing social isolation and loneliness in older adults by either increasing social interactions, providing instrumental support, promoting mental and physical well-being, or providing home and community care. Group-based social activities, support groups with educational elements, recreational activities, and training or use of information and communication technologies were the most effective in improving outcomes. Examples of most intervention types were found in community data sources. Terms derived from the literature that were the most commonly congruent with those describing existing community services were related to telehealth, recreational activities, and psychological therapy. However, several discrepancies were observed between review-based terms and those addressing the available services. CONCLUSIONS A range of interventions found to be effective at addressing social isolation and loneliness or their impact on mental health were identified from the literature, and many of these interventions were represented in services available to older residents in Montréal, Canada. However, different terms were occasionally used to describe or categorize similar services across data sources. Establishing an efficient means of identifying and structuring such sources is important to facilitate referrals and help-seeking behaviors of older adults and for strategic planning of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Paquet
- Département de Marketing, Faculté des Sciences de l'Administration, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Jocelyne Whitehead
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Centre for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rishabh Shah
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Centre for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alayne Mary Adams
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Damion Dooley
- Centre for Infectious Disease Genomics and One Health, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R Nathan Spreng
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Laurette Dubé
- Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill Centre for the Convergence of Health and Economics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Karkada D, D'Costa VG, Acharya S. Do residential care and low social capital negatively influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults? A cross-sectional study. Gerodontology 2023; 40:39-46. [PMID: 34927278 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare oral health status, OHRQoL and social capital between dependent older adults living in a residential care setting (RC) and community dwellers living independently (CD) and to assess the possible role of social capital and residential status as independent predictors of OHRQoL in a sample of older adults in the Udupi region of Karnataka, South India. BACKGROUND As the global population ages, a greater number of older adults are now living in residential care settings than ever before. This study provides insights into the role of residential care and social capital in influencing the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 296 older adults, comprising 148 dependent older adults living in residential care (RC) and 148 community dwelling older adults living independently (CD), completed the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and a Social Capital Scale after undergoing clinical oral examination for dentition and periodontal status. RESULTS The caries experience in both the residential care group (RC) and the community dwelling group (CD) was high with mean DMF scores of 21.6 (SD = 9.6) and 20.1 (SD = 10.7) respectively. The Mean Social Capital score was significantly higher (P = .01) among the RC group (33.2, SD = 5.1) than the CD group (31.5, SD = 5.7), whereas the mean GOHAI score was significantly higher (P = .02) among the CD (61.5, SD = 6.8) than the RC group (59.5, SD = 7.9). Linear regression showed lower DMFT scores (β: -0.26, P ˂ .001), being a community dweller (β: 0.14, P = .01) and having higher social capital (β: 0.11, P = .04) were associated with better OHRQoL (higher GOHAI scores) after adjusting for possible confounders. CONCLUSION Dependent older adults living in residential care had higher social capital but poorer OHRQoL. Caries experience, residential status and social capital were independently associated with OHRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Karkada
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Valerie Gloria D'Costa
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shashidhar Acharya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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10
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Wang YC, Lin PH, Lin YL, Lee YC, Wang JY, Chen YC, Yang SY. Factors influencing loneliness among older people using homecare services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:252-260. [PMID: 36577404 PMCID: PMC9880683 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elderly homecare service users may reduce their level of social participation and interpersonal interactions due to physiological loss, which may lead to loneliness and depression over the years. However, there is a lack of research on loneliness among older people who use homecare services. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors influencing loneliness among older people using homecare services. METHODS This is a longitudinal study conducted in communities in Central Taiwan, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was first administered as a pre-test to obtain baseline information about the participants, and the same questionnaire was administered as a post-test after 6 months to follow-up. The pre- and post-test questionnaires included five sections, that is, participant demographics, Brief Symptom Rating Scale, Interpersonal Interaction Scale (IIS), Frenchay Activities Index, and UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA). RESULTS A total of 178 participants were recruited in this study. Results indicated that gender, whether participants eat alone or with others at dinner, social media use, perceived economic status, and IIS score were significantly correlated with the loneliness score on the UCLA. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the loneliness score among male participants in the low loneliness group from baseline to 6 months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Gender, presence of others at dinner, social media use, perceived economic status, and interpersonal interaction skills are significant factors that influence loneliness among older people using homecare services. Men tend to experience higher levels of loneliness over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Health and Beauty, Shu Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Lien Lin
- Department of Industrial and Information Management, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chen Lee
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Yi Wang
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chen
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yu Yang
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Li J, Zhou X, Wang Q. Interventions to reduce loneliness among Chinese older adults: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2023; 15:238-258. [PMID: 35621111 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analytic study investigates the effectiveness of different interventions in alleviating loneliness among Chinese older adults aged 50 years and above. We searched eight English databases, four Chinese databases, and grey literature. Thirty-four studies, including four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 30 quasi-experimental studies, were eventually included in the meta-analysis (n = 3843). Quality appraisal indicated risks of bias in the included studies. The pooled effect size was large and significant (Hedge's g = 0.84, 95% CI [0.54, 1.15]), indicating the effectiveness of interventions in reducing loneliness. However, the effect size may be overestimated due to publication bias. Moderation analyses showed significant differences in effect sizes by study designs and regions of studies. Network meta-analysis (NMA) indicated that hybrid and psychological interventions appeared to be advantageous over others. In addition, group-based delivery modes can add extra benefits to the interventions. This study adds to the knowledge of the effectiveness of current interventions in reducing Chinese older people's loneliness. However, the findings need to be interpreted with caution due to the relatively low study quality, considerable heterogeneity, and publication bias. Despite the limitations, this study offers valuable insights for future research, practice, and policy-making in reducing older people's loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhou
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Philosophy, Law & Political Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Smith CB, Wong KLY, To‐Miles F, Dunn S, Gregorio M, Wong L, Tam S, Huynh P, Hung L. Exploring experiences of loneliness among Canadian long-term care residents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. Int J Older People Nurs 2023; 18:e12509. [PMID: 36347829 PMCID: PMC9878008 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has significant impact on long-term care (LTC) residents' health and well-being. OBJECTIVES This study investigated resident experiences of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canadian LTC homes to offer lessons learned and implications. METHODS 15 residents and 16 staff members were recruited from two large urban Canadian LTC homes with large outbreaks and fatalities. We used a telepresence robot to conduct one-on-one semi-structured interviews with participants remotely. We applied the Collaborative Action Research (CAR) methodology and report the early phase of CAR focused on collecting data and reporting findings to inform actions for change. Thematic analysis was performed to identify themes. RESULTS Four themes were identified. The first two themes characterise what commonly generated feelings of loneliness amongst residents, including (1) social isolation and missing their family and friends and (2) feeling hopeless and grieving for lives lost. The second two themes describe what helped residents alleviate loneliness, including (3) social support and (4) creating opportunities for recreation and promoting positivity. CONCLUSIONS Residents living in LTC experienced significant social isolation and grief during the pandemic that resulted in loneliness and other negative health consequences. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Promoting meaningful connection, safe recreational activities and a positive atmosphere in LTC homes during the pandemic may help mitigate residents' experiences of loneliness due to social isolation and/or grief and enhance their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea B. Smith
- IDEA LabUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Karen Lok Yi Wong
- IDEA LabUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Flora To‐Miles
- IDEA LabUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Sheila Dunn
- Community Engagement Advisory NetworkVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Mario Gregorio
- Community Engagement Advisory NetworkVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Lily Wong
- Community Engagement Advisory NetworkVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Samantha Tam
- Community Engagement Advisory NetworkVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Polly Huynh
- Richmond Home and CommunityVancouver Coastal HealthVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Lillian Hung
- IDEA LabUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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13
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Bom J, Bakx P, Rellstab S. Well-being right before and after a permanent nursing home admission. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2022; 31:2558-2574. [PMID: 36057846 PMCID: PMC9826495 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Permanent nursing home (NH) admissions are a frequent and major life event aimed at maintaining quality of life in old age. Yet, insights into the impact of a NH admission on well-being are scarce and inconclusive. We evaluate the effect of a NH admission on domains of well-being among those who are admitted using event study methodology for cross-sections combined with inverse probability weighting. We apply this doubly robust approach to Dutch survey data on well-being linked to extensive administrative data on NH admissions, health, and socio-economic status. We find that a NH admission leads to a temporary increase in loneliness, the risk of anxiety and depression, and a loss of control over one's life. However, these scores revert to pre-admission levels after 6 months. These findings may contribute to better-informed individual-level and policy decisions about potential NH entry and aging in place policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Bom
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & ManagementErasmus University RotterdamRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Pieter Bakx
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & ManagementErasmus University RotterdamRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Sara Rellstab
- Department of EconomicsUniversità della Svizzera ItalianaLuganoSwitzerland
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14
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Carbone E, Piras F, Pellegrini FF, Caffarra P, Borella E. Individual differences among older adults with mild and moderate dementia in social and emotional loneliness and their associations with cognitive and psychological functioning. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:859. [DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03517-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Loneliness is a major health issue among older adults. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between loneliness, in its social and emotional facets, and the cognitive (language), and behavioral/psychological functioning as well as quality of life (QoL) in people with mild and moderate dementia, i.e., considering dementia severity as an individual characteristic.
Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 58 people with mild dementia and 55 people with moderate dementia. Participants completed the Social and Emotional Loneliness scale, along with measures assessing their language skills, the frequency and severity of their behavioral and psychological symptoms, and their QoL.
Results
Socio-demographic characteristics and depression, but not loneliness or its social and emotional facets, contributed to explain participants’ behavioral and psychological symptoms, regardless of dementia severity. Loneliness explained, though to a small extent (8% of variance), language skills in people with moderate dementia, with social loneliness only accounting for language skills (18% of variance) in this group. Loneliness also modestly accounted for dysphoria symptoms in both the mildly and moderately impaired (6% and 5% of variance, respectively) individuals with social loneliness predicting dysphoric mood in the former group only (7% of variance). Loneliness also explained, to a larger extent, QoL in both the mildly impaired and moderately impaired individuals (27% and 20% of variance, respectively), its social facet predicting QoL in the mildly impaired (30% of variance), and its emotional facet in the moderately impaired (21% of variance) group.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that loneliness and its facets have a clear impact on perceived QoL, and influence the language skills and dysphoria symptoms of people with dementia, to a degree that depends on dementia severity. The assessment of loneliness and its facets in people with dementia considering dementia severity, and the promotion of social inclusion to reduce it should be considered by professionals.
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15
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Berete F, Demarest S, Charafeddine R, De Ridder K, Vanoverloop J, Van Oyen H, Bruyère O, Van der Heyden J. Predictors of nursing home admission in the older population in Belgium: a longitudinal follow-up of health interview survey participants. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:807. [PMID: 36266620 PMCID: PMC9585772 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examines predictors of nursing home admission (NHA) in Belgium in order to contribute to a better planning of the future demand for nursing home (NH) services and health care resources. Methods Data derived from the Belgian 2013 health interview survey were linked at individual level with health insurance data (2012 tot 2018). Only community dwelling participants, aged ≥65 years at the time of the survey were included in this study (n = 1930). Participants were followed until NHA, death or end of study period, i.e., December 31, 2018. The risk of NHA was calculated using a competing risk analysis. Results Over the follow-up period (median 5.29 years), 226 individuals were admitted to a NH and 268 died without admission to a NH. The overall cumulative risk of NHA was 1.4, 5.7 and 13.1% at respectively 1 year, 3 years and end of follow-up period. After multivariable adjustment, higher age, low educational attainment, living alone and use of home care services were significantly associated with a higher risk of NHA. A number of need factors (e.g., history of falls, suffering from urinary incontinence, depression or Alzheimer’s disease) were also significantly associated with a higher risk of NHA. On the contrary, being female, having multimorbidity and increased contacts with health care providers were significantly associated with a decreased risk of NHA. Perceived health and limitations were both significant determinants of NHA, but perceived health was an effect modifier on limitations and vice versa. Conclusions Our findings pinpoint important predictors of NHA in older adults, and offer possibilities of prevention to avoid or delay NHA for this population. Practical implications include prevention of falls, management of urinary incontinence at home and appropriate and timely management of limitations, depression and Alzheimer’s disease. Focus should also be on people living alone to provide more timely contacts with health care providers. Further investigation of predictors of NHA should include contextual factors such as the availability of nursing-home beds, hospital beds, physicians and waiting lists for NHA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-022-03496-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finaba Berete
- Department of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Stefaan Demarest
- Department of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rana Charafeddine
- Department of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karin De Ridder
- Department of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Herman Van Oyen
- Department of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier Bruyère
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health aspects of musculoskeletal health and ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Johan Van der Heyden
- Department of Epidemiology and public health, Sciensano, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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Herbert C, House M, Dietzman R, Climstein M, Furness J, Kemp-Smith K. Blue Zones: Centenarian Modes of Physical Activity: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF POPULATION AGEING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12062-022-09396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe primary aim of this scoping review was to identify the predominant modes of physical activity (PA) in each Blue Zone and to explore the influences that environment and culture have on PA. A research team of three Doctor of Physiotherapy students completed a systematic search using five online databases and cross referenced each reviewer in the study selection process. The study selection was based on eligibility criteria comprised of population autonomy/independence, > 80 years, Blue Zone resident, specified mode of physical activity, and utilized all research designs except for case studies and literature reviews. The databases retrieved a total of 236 articles, and 18 of which, met the inclusion criteria. Data synthesis revealed that 81% of the activities engaged by Blue Zone centenarians are moderate intensity activities. Blue Zone centenarians represent a significantly high physical functioning and high levels of activity through labouring occupations, outdoor hobbies and in-home activities. The most predominant mode represented through the included studies was agricultural activities. Overall, Blue Zones Centenarians are highly active, perform continuous and consistent movements daily, maintain daily hobbies, and work beyond the expected age of retirement. The key findings represent a significant effect on PA by environmental and cultural influences of each region.
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Hoang P, King JA, Moore S, Moore K, Reich K, Sidhu H, Tan CV, Whaley C, McMillan J. Interventions Associated With Reduced Loneliness and Social Isolation in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2236676. [PMID: 36251294 PMCID: PMC9577679 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance Loneliness and social isolation are public health concerns faced by older adults due to physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes that develop with aging. Loneliness and social isolation are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Objective To evaluate interventions, targeting older adults, associated with a reduction in loneliness and social isolation. Data Sources OVID, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Embase, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched from inception to March 2020. Study Selection Peer-reviewed randomized clinical trials measuring loneliness and social isolation or support in adults aged 65 years or older. Only English language articles were included. Data Extraction and Synthesis Two independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Random-effects models were performed to pool the overall effect size by intervention. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 statistic and by estimating prediction intervals. Data were analyzed from November 2021 to September 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures Quantitative measures of loneliness, social isolation, or social support based on an effect size of standardized mean differences. Results Seventy studies were included in the systematic review (8259 participants); 44 studies were included in the loneliness meta-analysis (33 in the community with 3535 participants; 11 in long-term care with 1057 participants), with participants' ages ranging from 55 to 100 years. Study sizes ranged from 8 to 741 participants. Interventions included animal therapy, psychotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy, multicomponent, counseling, exercise, music therapy, occupational therapy, reminiscence therapy, social interventions, and technological interventions. Most interventions had a small effect size. Animal therapy in long-term care, when accounting for studies with no active controls, had the largest effect size on loneliness reduction (-1.86; 95% CI, -3.14 to -0.59; I2 = 86%) followed by technological interventions (videoconferencing) in long-term care (-1.40; 95% CI, -2.37 to -0.44; I2 = 70%). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, animal therapy and technology in long-term care had large effect sizes, but also high heterogeneity, so the effect size's magnitude should be interpreted with caution. The small number of studies per intervention limits conclusions on sources of heterogeneity. Overall quality of evidence was very low. Future studies should consider measures of social isolation in long-term care and identify the contextual components that are associated with a reduction in loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hoang
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James A. King
- Alberta Strategy for Patient Oriented Research Support Unit Data Platform, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Data and Analytics, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah Moore
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kim Moore
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Krista Reich
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Harman Sidhu
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chin Vern Tan
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Colin Whaley
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacqueline McMillan
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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18
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Chen SC, Jones C, Moyle W. The Impact of Engagement with the PARO Therapeutic Robot on the Psychological Benefits of Older Adults with Dementia. Clin Gerontol 2022:1-13. [PMID: 36062840 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2117674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the effect of 8-weeks of a 60-minute PARO intervention to reduce depressive symptoms and loneliness in older adults with dementia and investigated changes in their emotional or behavioral expressions and level of engagement with the PARO robot. METHODS This was a quasi-experimental study with a repeated measures design. The outcome measures were evaluated at four time-points: before the intervention, week 4, immediately after the intervention, and one month after the PARO intervention. RESULTS Fifty-two participants were recruited. The age of the participants ranged from 65 to 96 years, with a mean age of 81.81 years (SD = 8.54) in the PARO group and 79.08 years (SD = 7.71) in the control group. Using a mixed between-within subjects' analysis of variance, the results showed that there were significant interaction effects between the groups and time-periods for depression (p < .000), loneliness (p < .000), and engagement (p < .000). CONCLUSIONS The PARO intervention alleviated depression and loneliness for older adults. Furthermore, the process of engagement with PARO may play an important role in the PARO effects. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS A tailored PARO intervention of at least 4 weeks could engender positive psychological benefits for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chuan Chen
- Department of Nursing, National Tainan Junior College of Nursing, Tainan, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Cindy Jones
- Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Wendy Moyle
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
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19
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Beadle JN, Gifford A, Heller A. A Narrative Review of Loneliness and Brain Health in Older Adults: Implications of COVID-19. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2022; 9:73-83. [PMID: 35729992 PMCID: PMC9187924 DOI: 10.1007/s40473-021-00237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review This narrative review highlights important factors contributing to loneliness in older adults prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic and effects on brain health. Recent Findings We characterize risk factors for loneliness in older adulthood and the impact of COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of loneliness for older adults’ brain health. Summary Understanding the multifactorial causes of loneliness in different subpopulations of older adults both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic will provide insights for the development of interventions targeted to reduce loneliness in older adults based on their specific risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle N. Beadle
- Department of Gerontology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 6001 Dodge Street, CPACS Room 211, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Angela Gifford
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behavior Graduate Program, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Abi Heller
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
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20
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Gagen TM. A Legal Mapping Analysis and Model Bylaw of Massachusetts Municipal Accessory Dwelling Units. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 41:2002-2012. [PMID: 35579621 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221102140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adapting the built-environment to include an accessory-dwelling unit (ADU) is one alternative housing solution for community-dwelling older adults (CDOA) to age-in-place and avoid institutionalization. ADUs are one form of the built-environment in which the field of public health law can intervene to accommodate population aging. Under Massachusetts law MGL c. 40A, the state gives authority to municipalities to adopt zoning bylaws to regulate the use of land, buildings, and structures. A legal mapping content analysis was employed to quantify Massachusetts municipalities' (N=351) ADU zoning ordinances using the ADU Friendliness Score instrument and to describe the characteristics of ADU availability across the state. Results are organized into four ordinal categories of POOR (score 0-24; 24%), FAIR (score 25-49; 8.5%), GOOD (score 50-74; 53%), and EXCELLENT (score 75-100%; 13.5%). An age-and-disability specific model ADU bylaw is reported as an outcome of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis M Gagen
- School of Health Professions, 8715Assumption University, Worcester, MA, USA
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21
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Zaccaria D, Cavalli S, Masotti B, Gomes Da Rocha C, von Gunten A, Jopp DS. Social Isolation and Loneliness among Near-Centenarians and Centenarians: Results from the Fordham Centenarian Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5940. [PMID: 35627476 PMCID: PMC9141482 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation and loneliness have been recognized as problems older people face due to their adverse effects on health and mortality, but very few researchers have analyzed their co-occurrence, which might be particularly prevalent and critical among the very old. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of combinations of social isolation and loneliness among near-centenarians and centenarians. We used data collected from 94 individuals aged 95-107 from the Fordham Centenarian Study. We built a four-group typology and explored associations with individual characteristics in various domains (demographic, socioeconomics, social, health, care, and psychological) with multinomial logistic regression models. Considering their combinations, the most prevalent groups were "isolated and lonely" and "neither isolated nor lonely" (29.8% and 28.7%, respectively). The "lonely but not isolated" (20.2%) and "isolated but not lonely" (21.3%) groups were also notably large. The likelihood of belonging to each group varied according to various individual characteristics, such as education, health, and personality. Social isolation and loneliness are distinct phenomena among centenarians. The consideration of their varied combination can help better assess life conditions at very old ages. Taking into account the differences between groups can facilitate the design of tailored interventions to improve the lives of near-centenarians and centenarians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zaccaria
- Centre of Competence on Ageing, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), 6928 Manno, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Stefano Cavalli
- Centre of Competence on Ageing, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), 6928 Manno, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Barbara Masotti
- Centre of Competence on Ageing, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), 6928 Manno, Switzerland; (S.C.); (B.M.)
| | - Carla Gomes Da Rocha
- Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (C.G.D.R.); (A.v.G.)
- School of Health Sciences, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, 3960 Sion, Switzerland
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Armin von Gunten
- Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland; (C.G.D.R.); (A.v.G.)
| | - Daniela S. Jopp
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Swiss Centre of Expertise in Life Course Research (LIVES), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Health effects of loneliness and social isolation in older adults living in congregate long term care settings: A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative evidence. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 102:104728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Prevalence of Loneliness and Associated Factors among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084911. [PMID: 35457781 PMCID: PMC9025207 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Loneliness has become one of the most common psychological problems experienced by older adults. Previous studies have indicated that loneliness is correlated with poor physical and psychological health outcomes; therefore, it is important to pay attention to people experiencing loneliness. However, there is a lack of information regarding the prevalence of loneliness, and its associated factors, among community-dwelling older adults in Indonesia, which this study aimed to understand. This study used a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational research design. Stratified random sampling was applied to 1360 participants, aged ≥ 60 years, in 15 community health centers in Kendari City, Indonesia. The following questionnaires were used to collect data, including demographic and characteristic information, Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form, and a single-item loneliness question. The prevalence of loneliness among older adults was 64.0%. The multivariate logistic regression showed that older adults who were female, lived with family, had fewer children, had a poor health status, had a poor oral status, had more chronic diseases, had no hearing problems, had poor cognitive function, and had depression had a higher chance of feeling lonely. Loneliness is a serious health issue among the older population in Indonesia. The government, social workers, and healthcare professionals should pay immediate attention to this psychological problem. The study also suggests that appropriate strategies for the prevention of loneliness should be developed in the near future.
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Tümer A, Dönmez S, Gümüşsoy S, Balkaya NA. The relationship among aging in place, loneliness, and life satisfaction in the elderly in Turkey. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:822-829. [PMID: 34018200 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to determine the relationship between aging in place, loneliness, and life satisfaction in older people. DESIGN AND METHODS The descriptive and cross-sectional study has used the Aging in Place Scale (APS), the Life Satisfaction Scale (LSS), and the Loneliness Scale for the Elderly (LSFE). The study was examined the correlation among APS, LSS, and LSFE. FINDING In our study, when we examined the subscales of the APS scale, we found that the perceived social support, physical competence, and achievable social support of the elderly were at a high level. These high levels led to increased life satisfaction and decreased loneliness. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The results obtained in this study are particularly important for highlighting the importance of aging in place in reducing loneliness, which has a negative impact on the mental health of the elderly, and in shedding light on increasing life satisfaction in the later stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adile Tümer
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Sevgül Dönmez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Süreyya Gümüşsoy
- Atatürk Health Care Vocational School, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nevin A Balkaya
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
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25
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Beogo I, Sia D, Tchouaket Nguemeleu E, Zhao J, Gagnon MP, Etowa J. Strengthening Social Capital to Address Isolation and Loneliness in Long-term Care Facilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Protocol for a Systematic Review of Research on Information and Communication Technologies. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e36269. [PMID: 35275841 PMCID: PMC8955240 DOI: 10.2196/36269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has had the greatest impact in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) by disproportionately harming older adults and heightening social isolation and loneliness (SIL). Living in close quarters with others and in need of around-the-clock assistance, interactions with older adults, which were previously in person, have been replaced by virtual chatting using information and communication technologies (ICTs). ICT applications such as FaceTime, Zoom, and Microsoft Teams video chatting have been overwhelmingly used by families to maintain residents' social capital and subsequently reduce their SIL. OBJECTIVE Because of the lack of substantive knowledge on this ever-increasing form of social communication, this systematic review intends to synthesize the effects of ICT interventions to address SIL among residents in LTCFs during the COVID-19 period. METHODS We will include studies published in Chinese, English, and French from December 2019 onwards. Beyond the traditional search strategy approach, 4 of the 12 electronic databases to be queried will be in Chinese. We will include quantitative and intervention studies as well as qualitative and mixed methods designs. Using a 2-person approach, the principal investigator and one author will blindly screen eligible articles, extract data, and assess risk of bias. In order to improve the first round of screening, a pilot-tested algorithm will be used. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion with a third author. Results will be presented as structured summaries of the included studies. We plan to conduct a meta-analysis if sufficient data are available. RESULTS A total of 1803 articles have been retrieved to date. Queries of the Chinese databases are ongoing. The systematic review and subsequent manuscript will be completed by the fall of 2022. CONCLUSIONS ICT applications have become a promising avenue to reduce SIL by providing a way to maintain communication between LTCF residents and their families and will certainly remain in the post-COVID-19 period. This review will investigate and describe context-pertinent and high-quality programs and initiatives to inform, at the macro level, policy makers and researchers, frontline managers, and families. These methods will remain relevant in the post-COVID-19 era. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/36269.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idrissa Beogo
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Drissa Sia
- Département des sciences infirmières, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jerôme, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine sociale et préventive, École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Tchouaket Nguemeleu
- Département des sciences infirmières, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jerôme, QC, Canada
- Département de gestion, d'évaluation et de politique de santé, École de santé publique, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Junqiang Zhao
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Josephine Etowa
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Place-Making through Media: How Media Environments Make a Difference for Long-Term Care Residents’ Agency. SOCIETIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/soc12010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the unique relationships care home residents have with communication media. Drawing on findings from an ethnographic case study at a long-term care site in British Columbia, Canada, I describe how care home residents’ everyday media practices are intertwined with their negotiations of longstanding attachments and new living spaces. The research draws connections between the spatiotemporal contexts of media use and residents’ experiences of social agency. Long-term care residents in this research were challenged to engage with the wider community, maintain friendships, or stay current with events and politics because their preferred ways of using communication media were not possible in long-term care. The communication inequalities experienced by care home residents were not simply about their lack of access to media or content but about their inability to find continuity with their established media habits in terms of time and place. While most research about communication media in care homes has been intervention oriented, this research suggests that long-term care service and funding policies require greater attention to create flexible, diverse, and supportive media environments.
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Alroomi AS, Mohamed S. Physical isolation and safety behaviour among oil and gas workers in Kuwait: The mediating role of mental health. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Beogo I, Tchouaket EN, Sia D, Bationo NJC, Collin S, Tapp D, Kassim SA, Ramdé J, Gagnon MP. Promising best practices implemented in long-term care homes during COVID-19 pandemic to address social isolation and loneliness: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e053894. [PMID: 34980621 PMCID: PMC8724591 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, social isolation and loneliness (SIL) affected at least one-third of the older people. The pandemic has prompted governments around the world to implement some extreme measures such as banning public gatherings, imposing social distancing, mobility restrictions and quarantine to control the spread and impact of the novel coronavirus. Though these unprecedented measures may be crucial from a public health perspective, they also have the potential to further exacerbate the problems of SIL among residents in long-term care homes (LTCHs). However, some LTCHs have developed promising best practices (PBPs) to respond to the current situation and prepare for future pandemics. Key aspects of such practices revolve around maintaining and strengthening social connections between residents and their families which helps to reduce SIL. This scoping review looks at existing PBPs that have been implemented to reduce SIL among LTCH residents during the most recent pandemics. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will follow Arksey and O'Malley's framework of scoping review, further developed by Levac et al. In addition, we will also apply the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers' 'Methodology for Scoping Reviews'. Ten electronic databases and grey literature will be searched for articles published from January 2003 to March 2021 in either English or French. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts and then full texts for final inclusion. Data will be extracted using a standardised form from 'Evidence for Policy and Practice Information'. The results will be presented in a tabular form and will be summarised and interpreted using a narrative synthesis. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Formal ethical approval is not required as no primary data are collected. Findings will be used to develop a solid knowledge corpus to address the challenges of SIL in LTCHs. Our findings will help to identify cutting edge practices, including technological interventions that could support health services in addressing SIL in the context of LTCHs and our ageing society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idrissa Beogo
- École des sciences infirmières / School of Nursing, Pavillon Roger-Guindon / Roger-Guindon Hall, Faculté des sciences de la santé / Faculty of Health Sciences, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, Ottawa, 451, chemin Smyth Road, Pièce 3236A / Room 3236A, Office: 613-562-5800 ext. 8148, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Nguemeleu Tchouaket
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Drissa Sia
- Département Sciences Infirmières, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jerôme, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Stephanie Collin
- Faculté des sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Diane Tapp
- École des hautes études publiques, Faculté des arts et des sciences sociales, Université de Moncton, Nouveau Brunswick, Moncton, Canada
| | - Said Abasse Kassim
- Faculté des sciences infirmières, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Ramdé
- Centre de recherche en gestion des services de santé, Département de management, Faculté des sciences de l'administration, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Chew SY. Loneliness experience among cognitively-intact elderly nursing home residents in Singapore – an exploratory mixed methods study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 98:104572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Influence of Attachment Anxiety on the Relationship between Loneliness and Depression among Long-Term Care Residents. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121675. [PMID: 34946399 PMCID: PMC8701072 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attachment styles influence an individual's ability to maintain relationships throughout their lifespan. Insecure attachment has been associated with many aspects of mental health. The study aimed to explore the influence of attachment on loneliness and depression among old-age residents in long-term care facilities. METHODS A survey was conducted among residents from long term care facilities (LTC) in Thailand during the COVID-19 pandemic; 221 older people participated in the study. The mean aged was 73.60 ± 7.45 years old, and 57.5% female. All participants completed the Geriatric Depression Scale, the six-item revised version of the University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale, and the Revised Experience of Close Relationships questionnaire to measure depressive symptoms, loneliness, and attachment style. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to find the predictors for depressive symptoms. RESULTS In all, 40.7% of residents in LTC facilities experienced depression. Male sex, education, loneliness, and attachment anxiety predicted the increased level of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Loneliness was confirmed to be significantly associated with depressive symptoms, and attachment anxiety was found to be a strong predicting factor of depressive symptoms. Intervention and research regarding reducing loneliness and attachment anxiety should be promoted in LTC settings.
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Schuster AM, Cotten SR. COVID-19's Influence on Information and Communication Technologies in Long-Term Care: Results From an Online Survey with Long-Term Care Administrators. JMIR Aging 2021; 5:e32442. [PMID: 34878989 PMCID: PMC8757586 DOI: 10.2196/32442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of COVID-19 in the United States led to mandated lockdowns for long-term care (LTC) facilities, resulting in loss of in-person contact with social ties for LTC residents. Though information and communication technologies (ICTs) can be used by LTC residents to support their socioemotional needs, residents must have access to ICTs to use them. Objective This study explored ICT access and use in LTC facilities and how LTC facilities adapted to try to enhance social connections for their residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods LTC administrators in South Carolina (United States) were invited to complete a web-based survey exploring ICT access and use in LTC facilities and whether access and use changed as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results LTC administrators (N=70, 12 nursing homes [NHs], and 58 assisted living facilities [ALFs]) completed the web-based survey. Since March 2020, a total of 53% (37/70) of the LTC facilities have purchased ICTs for residents’ use. ICTs have mainly been used for videoconferencing with family members (31/36, 86%), friends (25/36, 69%), and health care providers (26/36, 72%). NHs were 10.23 times more likely to purchase ICTs for residents’ use during the COVID-19 pandemic than ALFs (odds ratio 11.23, 95% CI 1.12-113.02; P=.04). Benefits of ICT use included residents feeling connected to their family members, friends, and other residents. Barriers to ICT use included staff not having time to assist residents with using the technology, nonfunctional technology, and residents who do not want to share technology. Conclusions Our results suggest that over half of the LTC facilities in this study were able to acquire ICTs for their residents to use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additional research is needed to explore how residents adapted to using the ICTs and whether LTC facilities developed and adopted technology integration plans, which could help them be prepared for future situations that may affect LTC residents’ engagement and communication opportunities, such as another pandemic.
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Su Z, Meyer K, Li Y, McDonnell D, Joseph NM, Li X, Du Y, Advani S, Cheshmehzangi A, Ahmad J, da Veiga CP, Chung RYN, Wang J, Hao X. Technology-based interventions for nursing home residents: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e056142. [PMID: 34853115 PMCID: PMC8638465 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A growing number of technology-based interventions are used to support the health and quality of life of nursing home residents. The onset of COVID-19 and recommended social distancing policies that followed led to an increased interest in technology-based solutions to provide healthcare and promote health. Yet, there are no comprehensive resources on technology-based healthcare solutions that describe their efficacy for nursing home residents. This systematic review will identify technology-based interventions designed for nursing home residents and describe the characteristics and effects of these interventions concerning the distinctive traits of nursing home residents and nursing facilities. Additionally, this paper will present practical insights into the varying intervention approaches that can assist in the delivery of broad digital health solutions for nursing home residents amid and beyond the impact of COVID-19. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Databases including the PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Scopus will be used to identify articles related to technology-based interventions for nursing home residents published between 1 January 2010 to 30 September 2021. Titles, abstracts and full-text papers will be reviewed against the eligibility criteria. The Cochrane Collaboration evaluation framework will be adopted to examine the risk of bias of the included study. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses procedures will be followed for the reporting process and implications for existing interventions and research evaluated by a multidisciplinary research team. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION As the study is a protocol for a systematic review, ethical approval is not required. The study findings will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD 42020191880.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Su
- School of Nursing, Center on Smart and Connected Health Technologies, Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kylie Meyer
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yue Li
- Health Services Research & Policy (HSRP) PhD & MS Programs; Director of Research, Division of Health Policy and Outcomes Research (HPOR); Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Dean McDonnell
- Department of Humanities, Institute of Technology Carlow, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Nitha Mathew Joseph
- Department of Under Graduate Studies, Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoshan Li
- Program of Public Relations and Advertising, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Du
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Shailesh Advani
- Terasaki Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ali Cheshmehzangi
- Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junaid Ahmad
- Department of Public Health, Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Roger Yat-Nork Chung
- School of Public Health & Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine (RY-NC) and Institute of Health Equity (RY-NC), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Nursing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Xiaoning Hao
- Director of Division, Division of Health Security Research, China National Health Development Research Center, National Health Commission, Beijing, China
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Informal Caregiving, Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212101. [PMID: 34831857 PMCID: PMC8618455 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Several empirical studies have shown an association between informal caregiving for adults and loneliness or social isolation. Nevertheless, a systematic review is lacking synthesizing studies which have investigated these aforementioned associations. Therefore, our purpose was to give an overview of the existing evidence from observational studies. Materials and Methods: Three electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL) were searched in June 2021. Observational studies investigating the association between informal caregiving for adults and loneliness or social isolation were included. In contrast, studies examining grandchild care or private care for chronically ill children were excluded. Data extractions covered study design, assessment of informal caregiving, loneliness and social isolation, the characteristics of the sample, the analytical approach and key findings. Study quality was assessed based on the NIH Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Each step (study selection, data extraction and evaluation of study quality) was conducted by two reviewers. Results: In sum, twelve studies were included in our review (seven cross-sectional studies and five longitudinal studies)—all included studies were either from North America or Europe. The studies mainly showed an association between providing informal care and higher loneliness levels. The overall study quality was fair to good. Conclusion: Our systematic review mainly identified associations between providing informal care and higher loneliness levels. This is of great importance in assisting informal caregivers in avoiding loneliness, since it is associated with subsequent morbidity and mortality. Moreover, high loneliness levels of informal caregivers may have adverse consequences for informal care recipients.
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Yang K, Armstrong N, Diamond C, Lane AR, Dunne S. The meaning of loneliness to stroke survivors: A qualitative study in Northeast England. J Health Psychol 2021; 27:2539-2548. [PMID: 34772297 PMCID: PMC9483675 DOI: 10.1177/13591053211017198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored stroke survivors’ experiences of loneliness. Drawing
on interviews with 29 community-dwelling stroke survivors living in
the Northeast of England, we found several themes: loneliness as being
alone, the season or time, lack of understanding from those without
any experience of stroke, reduced autonomy, and deterioration of
social relations. It is important that healthcare professionals pay
attention to the aspects of life that may increase the chances of a
stroke survivor becoming lonely after being discharged from hospital,
and to measure loneliness in stroke survivors a more valid scale
should include items that touch on the aspects reported here.
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Kuru Alici N, Kalanlar B. Attitudes toward aging and loneliness among older adults: A mixed methods study. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1838-1845. [PMID: 33651388 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to comprehensively investigate attitudes toward aging and loneliness in Turkish older adults living at a nursing home (n = 110). DESIGN AND METHODS A convergent mixed methods design was used. Data were collected using Europe-attitudes to aging questionnaire (AAQ) and De Jong Gierveld loneliness scale (DJGLS); and through semi structured interviews. FINDINGS The participants obtained mean scores of 19.98 ± 3.0 on the DJGLS and 71.84 ± 7.7 on the AAQ. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Healthcare professionals should improve their awareness about nursing home-dwelling older adults' attitudes toward aging and their experiences of loneliness so that they are better informed to address these issues and develop appropriate interventions that foster adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgün Kuru Alici
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bilge Kalanlar
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing, Ankara, Turkey
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Improving sleep by fostering social connection for dementia patients in long-term care. Int Psychogeriatr 2021; 33:1005-1007. [PMID: 34078504 PMCID: PMC8752057 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610221000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Beogo I, Ramdé J, Nguemeleu Tchouaket E, Sia D, Bationo NJC, Collin S, Anne A, Gagnon MP. Co-Development of a Web-Based Hub (eSocial-hub) to Combat Social Isolation and Loneliness in Francophone and Anglophone Older People in the Linguistic Minority Context (Quebec, Manitoba, and New Brunswick): Protocol for a Mixed Methods Interventional Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e30802. [PMID: 34464326 PMCID: PMC8767988 DOI: 10.2196/30802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has severely hit Canadian nursing facilities (81% of deaths). To this toll, public health measures (eg, visitation restriction) have subsequently deepened the social isolation and loneliness of residents in nursing facilities (NFs), especially those in linguistic minority settings: Anglophone institutions in Quebec and Francophone institutions outside Quebec. However, very few COVID-19 initiatives targeting these populations specifically have been documented. Given the limited number of NFs serving linguistic minorities in Canadian populations, families and loved ones often live far from these facilities, sometimes even in other provinces. This context places the digital solutions as particularly relevant for the present COVID-19 pandemic as well as in the post-COVID-19 era. OBJECTIVE This project aims to co-develop a virtual community of practice through a web-based platform (eSocial-hub) to combat social isolation and loneliness among the older people in linguistic minority settings in Canada. METHODS An interventional study using a sequential mixed methods design will be conducted. Four purposely selected NFs will be included, 2 among facilities in Manitoba and 2 in New Brunswick; and 2 Anglophone NFs in Quebec will serve as knowledge users. The development of eSocial-hub will include an experimental 4-month phase involving the following end users: (1) older people (n=3 per NF), (2) families of the participating older people (n=3 per NF), and (3) frontline staff (nurse and health care aid; n=2 per NF). RESULTS Activities and solutions aiming at reducing social isolation and loneliness will be implemented and then evaluated with the project stakeholders, and the best practices generated. The assessment will be conducted using indicators derived from the 5 domains of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. The project will be led by an interdisciplinary team and will involve a multisectoral partnership. CONCLUSIONS The project will develop a promising and generalizable solution that uses virtual technology to help reduce social isolation and loneliness among the older people. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/30802.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idrissa Beogo
- École des sciences infirmières, Faculté des sciences de la santé, Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Jean Ramdé
- Département des fondements et pratiques en éducation, Faculté des sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Eric Nguemeleu Tchouaket
- Département des sciences infirmières, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Campus de Saint-Jérôme, Campus de Saint-Jérôme, QC, Canada
| | - Drissa Sia
- Département des sciences infirmières, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Campus de Saint-Jérôme, Campus de Saint-Jérôme, QC, Canada
| | - Nebila Jean-Claude Bationo
- Département des fondements et pratiques en éducation, Faculté des sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Stephanie Collin
- École des hautes études publiques, Université de Moncton, Campus de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Abdoulaye Anne
- Département des fondements et pratiques en éducation, Faculté des sciences de l'éducation, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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The Critical Role of Coping Strategies in Moderating Loneliness and Quality of Life: Parallel and Unique Processes among Transgender and Heterosexual Cisgender People in Pakistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179109. [PMID: 34501701 PMCID: PMC8431102 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Groups marginalized and/or isolated by minority status—including transgender individuals—are at significant risk for loneliness and diminished quality of life (QoL), effects that can be mitigated to some extent by coping styles. In this study, we examined the relationships among coping styles, loneliness, and QoL outcomes in a marginalized but understudied gender minority group, namely, 200 transgender individuals living in communities in an emerging/developing non-Western geo-cultural region of South-Central Asia (Pakistan), comparing them against a reference group of 100 heterosexual cisgender individuals. Results indicated strong relationships among coping styles, loneliness, and QoL in both transgender and cisgender groups. Moderating variable analysis revealed that coping skills—whether adaptive or maladaptive—help explain differences in loneliness and QoL not only between trans- and cis-gender individuals, but also within just the transgender group. The implications of these findings for intervention strategies to improve QoL among transgender populations are discussed, with reference to both the specific context within Pakistan and the larger context of transgender marginalization within many developing/emerging countries.
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Alhambra-Borrás T, Blouws TA, Gil-Salmerón A, Durá-Ferrandis E, Z. Kalula S. Older people’s dialogue about loneliness and social support: a cross-cultural qualitative study conducted in Spain and South Africa ( Diálogo entre las personas mayores sobre la soledad y el apoyo social: un estudio cualitativo transcultural en España y Sudáfrica). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2021.1940702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kim MH, An JH, Lee HR, Jeong SH, Hwang SJ, Hong JP. Social Isolation, Loneliness and Their Relationships with Mental Health Status in South Korea. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:652-660. [PMID: 34265197 PMCID: PMC8328830 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the prevalence and psychological impact of social isolation and loneliness in South Korea. Loneliness and social isolation have been regarded as a risk to both physical and mental health. However, most studies have focused on the elderly; hence, there are limited studies on the characteristics of socially isolated or lonely people considering age. METHODS A sample of 1,700 participants was selected from three major cities in South Korea. In-person interviews were conducted to evaluate loneliness, social isolation and mental health status. RESULTS Among the participants, the prevalence of social isolation and loneliness was 17.8% and 4.1%, respectively. Males decreased the odds of loneliness (AOR 0.49, 95% CI=0.28-0.87), while increasing the odds of social isolation (AOR 1.44, 95% CI=1.12-1.86) after adjusting for age and sex. Greater depressive and social phobic symptoms were associated with increased odds of loneliness and social isolation. CONCLUSION Social isolation and loneliness are prevalent among Koreans and associated with depression, social phobic symptoms, and suicidality. This study provides a foundation for further research to investigate nationwide prevalence and a more in-depth analysis of loneliness and social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung Hyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun An
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Jeong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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41
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Rabiee P, Mann R, Birks Y, Wilberforce M. The experience of loneliness and living with sight loss in English care homes. J Aging Stud 2021; 57:100913. [PMID: 34082991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2021.100913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Loneliness is a serious societal concern, especially the loss of social connections in later life. Those with sight loss living in care homes are thought to face particular challenges in social engagement, but research is scarce. This study aimed to examine the experience of loneliness amongst residents with sight loss; the different dimensions of loneliness; and their attitudes about the role of care homes in addressing these needs. Through in-depth interviews with 18 residents, supplemented by interviews with family members and care home managers, the research identified that residents were generally satisfied with their social situation. However, there was evidence that sight loss was not appropriately accommodated within the care home. In their efforts to enable all residents to engage in social activities, attempts to include those with sight loss could feel contrived, and residents with sight loss did not feel meaningfully involved. Residents described barriers to forming close associations, including the challenges of background noise in communal spaces and a sense that conversation in the care home lacked stimulation. Residents felt that opportunities to forge and maintain bonds with people outside the care home were limited. The research concludes that care homes should avoid inclusion-for-inclusion's sake, and future research could study the effectiveness of interventions to improve care home links to the wider community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvaneh Rabiee
- Social Policy Research Unit, Department of Social Policy & Social Work, Alcuin College (B Block), University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Rachel Mann
- Social Policy Research Unit, Department of Social Policy & Social Work, Alcuin College (B Block), University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Yvonne Birks
- Social Policy Research Unit, Department of Social Policy & Social Work, Alcuin College (B Block), University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Mark Wilberforce
- Social Policy Research Unit, Department of Social Policy & Social Work, Alcuin College (B Block), University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.
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Drageset J, Haugan G. Associations between nurse-patient interaction and loneliness among cognitively intact nursing home residents - a questionnaire survey. Geriatr Nurs 2021; 42:828-832. [PMID: 34090227 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nursing home (NH) residents risk loneliness because of many losses. Nurse-patient interaction includes core aspects contributing to thriving and well-being among long-term NH residents. We performed a cross-sectional observation study of 188 residents 65 years and older from 27 NHs with ≥3 months' residence. All had informed consent competence recognized by the responsible doctor and nurse and could converse. We asked "Do you sometimes feel lonely?" and used the Nurse-Patient Interaction Scale (NPIS) in face-to-face interviews. We identified associations between nurse-patient interaction and loneliness and investigated the prevalence of loneliness. Eighty-eight (47%) respondents reported loneliness often or sometimes and 100 (53%) rarely or never. Adjusted for sex and age, 10 of the 14 NPIS items were significantly correlated with loneliness. Loneliness is common among cognitively intact NH residents. Nurse-patient interaction associates with residents' loneliness and might be important in alleviating loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorunn Drageset
- Department of Global Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Postboks 7804, 5020 Bergen, Norway; Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Gørill Haugan
- Department of Public Health and Nursing and Center for Health Promoting Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postbox 8905, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Nord University, Faculty of Nursing and Health Science, Bodø, Norway.
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43
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Hajek A, Kretzler B, König HH. Informal caregiving for adults, loneliness and social isolation: a study protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e044902. [PMID: 33947734 PMCID: PMC8098962 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Some empirical studies have identified an association between informal caregiving for adults and loneliness or social isolation. However, there is a lack of a review systematically synthesising empirical studies that have examined these associations. Hence, the aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of evidence from observational studies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Three electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL) will be searched (presumably in May 2021), and reference lists of included studies will be searched manually. Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational studies examining the association between informal caregiving for adults and loneliness or social isolation will be included. Studies focusing on grandchildren care or private care for chronically ill children will be excluded. Data extraction will include information related to study design, definition and measurement of informal caregiving, loneliness and social isolation, sample characteristics, statistical analysis and main results. The quality of the studies will be evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Two reviewers will perform the selection of studies, data extraction and assessment of study quality. Figures and tables will be used to summarise and report results. A narrative summary of the findings will be provided. If data permit, a meta-analysis will be conducted. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No primary data will be collected. Therefore, approval by an ethics committee is not required. We plan to publish our findings in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020193099.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kretzler
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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44
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Drageset J, Eide GE. Loneliness Among Cognitively Intact Residents of Nursing Homes With and Without Cancer: A 6-Year Longitudinal Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2021; 6:2377960820907778. [PMID: 33415270 PMCID: PMC7774416 DOI: 10.1177/2377960820907778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited information exists regarding the natural development of loneliness and
its determinants among cognitively intact nursing home residents. We aimed to
examine loneliness among nursing home residents by following up for 6 years and
to determine whether sociodemographic factors, diagnosis of cancer, sense of
coherence, social support, and depression symptoms influence loneliness. The
study was longitudinal and prospective and included baseline assessment and
6-year follow-up. After baseline assessment of 227 cognitively intact nursing
home residents (Clinical Dementia Rating score ≤0.5), 52 respondents were
interviewed a second time at the 5-year follow-up and 18 respondents a third
time at the 6-year follow-up. Data from the interviews were recorded using a
global question of loneliness, the Social Provisions Scale, Sense of Coherence
Scale, and Geriatric Depression Scale. Scores on Groll’s index
(p = .02) and the Sense of Coherence Scale
(p = .04) were positively correlated with loneliness and
negatively correlated with geriatric depression (p = .001).
Having a diagnosis of cancer, social support, and age were not correlated with
loneliness 6 years from baseline. Loneliness did not change during the 6 years
of follow-up, and symptoms of depression and the sense of coherence appeared to
be important components of loneliness. Finally, having a diagnosis of cancer and
social support were not associated with loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorunn Drageset
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Geir Egil Eide
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway.,Centre for Clinical Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Machón M, Mateo-Abad M, Vrotsou K, Vergara I. HEALTH STATUS AND LIFESTYLE HABITS OF VULNERABLE, COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER PEOPLE DURING THE COVID-19 LOCKDOWN. J Frailty Aging 2021; 10:286-289. [PMID: 34105714 PMCID: PMC8024174 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2021.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the health status and lifestyle habits of vulnerable, community-dwelling older adults during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Spain. A telephone assessment was carried out in 38 individuals (71% women), with a Barthel index ≥85 who were frail or had a high risk of falls. Data were compared with those from an assessment performed 9 months earlier. In the latter part of the lockdown, a high percentage of the studied individuals showed difficulties in walking up 10 steps and reported sleep problems (66%) and pain (74%). On the other hand, participants were not anxious/depressed (71%) and the majority did not report loneliness (60%). Compared to the earlier assessment, we identified a decline in functional capacity and worsening of nutritional status, but an increase in family support. Efforts should be made to implement intervention programs seeking to avoid accelerated decline under the current pandemic situation, and especially during possible new lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Machón
- Mónica Machón Sobrado, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Paseo Doctor Beguiristian s/n, 20014 San Sebastián (Gipuzkoa), Spain, Tel. +34943006086; Fax: +34943006250; e-mail:
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46
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Su Z, Meyer K, Li Y, McDonnell D, Joseph NM, Li X, Du Y, Advani S, Cheshmehzangi A, Ahmad J, da Veiga CP, Chung RYN, Wang J. Technology-Based Interventions for Nursing Home Residents: Implications for Nursing Home Practice Amid and Beyond the Influence of COVID-19: A Systematic Review Protocol. RESEARCH SQUARE 2020:rs.3.rs-56102. [PMID: 36597539 PMCID: PMC7444297 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-56102/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background A growing number of technology-based interventions are used to support the health and quality of life of nursing home residents. The onset of COVID-19 and recommended social distancing policies that followed led to an increased interest in technology-based solutions to provide healthcare and promote health. Yet, there are no comprehensive resources on technology-based healthcare solutions that describe their efficacy for nursing home residents. This systematic review will identify technology-based interventions designed for nursing home residents and describe the characteristics and effects of these interventions concerning the distinctive traits of nursing home residents and nursing facilities. Additionally, this paper will present practical insights into the varying intervention approaches that can assist in the delivery of broad digital health solutions for nursing home residents amid and beyond the impact of COVID-19. Methods Databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus will be used to identify articles related to technology-based interventions for nursing home residents published between January 1st, 2010 to December 4th, 2020. Titles, abstracts, and full-texts papers will be reviewed against the eligibility criteria. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses procedures will be followed for the reporting process, and implications for existing interventions and research evaluated by a multidisciplinary research team. Results NA-protocol study. Conclusions Our study will fill critical gaps in the literature by providing a review of technology-based interventions tested in the nursing home setting. As the older adult population grows, there is an urgent need to identify effective technology-based interventions that can address the distinctive characteristics and preferences of nursing home residents. Clear and comprehensive understanding of how available technology-based health solutions facilitate healthcare for nursing home residents will shed light on the approaches open to residents to fend off the negative health consequences amid and beyond the influence of COVID-19. Systematic Review Registrations PROSPERO CRD 42020191880.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Su
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Kylie Meyer
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | - Yue Li
- University of Rochester Medical Center
| | | | | | - Xiaoshan Li
- Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College
| | - Yan Du
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jing Wang
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
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47
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Pirhonen J, Tiilikainen E, Pekkarinen S, Lemivaara M, Melkas H. Can robots tackle late-life loneliness? Scanning of future opportunities and challenges in assisted living facilities. FUTURES 2020; 124:102640. [PMID: 33041358 PMCID: PMC7534874 DOI: 10.1016/j.futures.2020.102640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This future-oriented study examines the opportunities and challenges offered by social robots and communication technology when aiming to decrease emotional and social loneliness in older people residing in assisted living (AL). The paper draws on prior literature on loneliness, elder care and social robots. The aim is to scan the futures regarding technology support for the frail older people in future AL. The analytical frame was built on Robert Weiss' division of relational functions: attachment, social integration, opportunity for nurturance, reassurance of worth, sense of reliable alliance, and guidance in stressful situations, and on a distinction between direct and indirect social robots. Our examinations show that social robots could tackle both emotional and social loneliness in assisted living by empowering people to engage in different forms of social interaction inside and outside the facility. However, ethical concerns of objectification, lack of human contact, and deception need to be thoroughly considered when implementing social robots in care for frail older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Pirhonen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 4, 00014, Finland
| | - Elisa Tiilikainen
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Faculty of Social Sciences and Business Studies, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Satu Pekkarinen
- School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT, Mukkulankatu 19, 15210 Lahti, Finland
| | - Marjut Lemivaara
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, P.O. Box 100, 33014, Finland
| | - Helinä Melkas
- School of Engineering Science, Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT, Mukkulankatu 19, 15210 Lahti, Finland
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48
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Quan NG, Lohman MC, Resciniti NV, Friedman DB. A systematic review of interventions for loneliness among older adults living in long-term care facilities. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:1945-1955. [PMID: 31602993 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1673311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to review loneliness interventions for older adults living in long-term care (LTC) facilities over the past 10 years, to categorize interventions by type, and to compare effectiveness of loneliness interventions in these settings. METHODS Systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Articles matching search criteria were collected from PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from 2009 to 2019. The inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) English language, 2) intervention studies with a quantitative measure that compares pre-trial to post-trial changes, 3) loneliness as a primary or secondary outcome 4) subjects age >65, and 5) subjects living in a LTC facility, such as a nursing home, assisted-living, or hospice. RESULTS A total of 15 intervention studies qualified for systematic review. Most of these interventions were psychological therapies and leisure/skill development interventions. Approximately, 87% of studies reported significant decreases in loneliness following intervention. Laughter therapy, horticultural therapy, and reminiscence therapy were associated with the greatest decreases in loneliness. DISCUSSION Results suggest that, although less common than interventions in the community, there are several effective interventions to reduce loneliness among older adults living in LTC facilities. Lack of standardized measures and high-quality studies limits comparisons between intervention types and generalizability to different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas G Quan
- Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Matthew C Lohman
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Nicholas V Resciniti
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Daniela B Friedman
- Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.,Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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49
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Stephens J, Simpson T, Holmes OS, Collins R, Silver M, Bhar SS. Volunteers Befriending Older Adults in Aged Care Residencies: Three Case Studies. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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Rezaeipandari H, Ravaei J, Bahrevar V, Mirrezaei S, Morowatisharifabad MA. Social participation and loneliness among older adults in Yazd, Iran. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2020; 28:2076-2085. [PMID: 32483925 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Social participation among older people is associated with more practice of physical activities, improvement of cognitive skills and less feeling of loneliness. The primary purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the social participation and sense of loneliness among older adults in Yazd, an Iranian city that is known for its traditional values and religious people. The non-probability sample consisted of 200 elderly people. Data collection tool was a questionnaire, which was completed by a trained interviewer through face-to-face interview. The mean scores of social participation and loneliness feeling among participants were 17.29 ± 5.62 (8-40) and 38.02 ± 7.91 (16-80), respectively. From the participants, 79.8% had not participated in educational cultural and activities. Mostly reported barriers to social participation included transportation-related issues (57%), diseases and health problems (43.5%) and personal or family responsibility (36%). The best predictors of loneliness were demographic characteristics, followed by the total number of diseases/problems and the total number of barriers to social participation. Social participation itself was not a statistically significant predictor of loneliness. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rezaeipandari
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Ravaei
- Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Vali Bahrevar
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mirrezaei
- Department of Health Education & Promotion, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad A Morowatisharifabad
- Department of Aging Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Elderly Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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