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Niroula S, Bhattarai G, Bhusal S, Pandey A, Shah S, Wagle S, Mandal P, Parajuli D, Jha A, Dhakal B, Bhandari B, Paudel K, Adhikari TB. Levels of Health Literacy and Associated Factors Among Adults in a Rural Municipality of Nepal: A Cross-sectional Study. J Community Health 2024; 49:879-886. [PMID: 39014150 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-024-01375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Health literacy is crucial in maintaining good health and well-being, yet community-based studies on health literacy in Nepal are scarce. This study aimed to assess the level of health literacy and identify associated factors among adults in Rasuwa, Nepal. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 253 adults aged above 18 years residing in Kalika Rural Municipality, Rasuwa. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Psychometric Assessment of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16). Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate independent correlates of health literacy levels. The mean ± SD age of participants was 46.3 ± 16 years. Only about a quarter (23.3%) of participants had adequate health literacy. The participants aged ≤ 45 years (aOR:1.9,95% CI: 1.0-3.6), people who perceived their health status as satisfactory (aOR: 3.1,95% CI: 1.5-6.3), had satisfactory self-rated financial status (aOR: 2.9,95% CI: 1.5-5.5), had satisfactory level of self- related esteem (aOR = 2.7,95% CI: 1.2-6.2), had a stable income (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI:1.0-3.5) were more likely to demonstrate adequate health literacy level. Conversely, illiterate participants (aOR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.04-0.4) and those engaged in agriculture (aOR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.2-0.9) had lower odds of having adequate health literacy. This study highlights inadequate health literacy status among approximately three-quarters of the participants. Factors such as age, self-rated health status, financial stability, self-esteem, and income were associated with health literacy levels. These findings underscore the importance of addressing socio-economic and individual factors in promoting health literacy initiatives, particularly targeting vulnerable populations, to improve overall health outcomes and healthcare utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Niroula
- Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Gaurab Bhattarai
- Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sandesh Bhusal
- Nepal Health Frontiers, Tokha-5, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA
| | - Anjila Pandey
- Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sangam Shah
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj, 44600, Nepal
| | - Subash Wagle
- Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Prince Mandal
- Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj, 44600, Nepal
| | - Dikshya Parajuli
- Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Aarya Jha
- Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Buna Bhandari
- Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Kiran Paudel
- Nepal Health Frontiers, Tokha-5, Kathmandu, Nepal.
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, USA.
| | - Tara Ballav Adhikari
- Nepal Health Frontiers, Tokha-5, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
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Huang L, Jin Y, Chien CW, Xu Q, Chuang YC, Tung TH. Exploring the Health Literacy Behavior Patterns of Male Patients Using an Interpretable Method. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:2099-2109. [PMID: 39246590 PMCID: PMC11379035 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s465702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Improving overall and individual health literacy is a major focus of national initiatives in China and similar initiatives globally. However, few studies have examined the identification and improvement of individual health literacy levels, especially among patients. Purpose To develop an interpretable method with decision rules to assess the health literacy levels of male patients and identify key factors influencing health literacy levels. Methods Using a convenience sampling method, we conducted on-site surveys with 212 male patients of a hospital in China from July 2020 to September 2020. The questionnaire was developed by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. A total of 206 of the completed surveys were ultimately included for analyses in this study. The rough set theory was used to identify conditional attributes (ie, key factors) and decision attributes (ie, levels of health literacy) and to establish decision rules between them. These rules specifically describe how different combinations of conditional attributes can affect health literacy levels among men. Results Basic knowledge, concepts, and health skills are important in identifying whether male patients have health literacy. Health skills, scientific health concepts, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, infectious disease prevention and control literacy, basic medical literacy, and health information literacy can be identified as cognitive behaviors with varying degrees of health literacy among patients. Conclusion This model can effectively identify the key factors and decision rules for male patients' health literacy. Simultaneously, it can be applied to clinical nursing practice, making it easier for hospitals to guide male patients to improve their health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Huang
- School of Economics and Management, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Jin
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000 People's Republic of China
| | - Ching-Wen Chien
- Institute for Hospital Management, Tsing Hua University, Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyi Xu
- Institute for Hospital Management, Tsing Hua University, Shenzhen Campus, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yen-Ching Chuang
- Business College, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Public Health & Emergency Management, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Radiology of Taizhou, Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Key Laboratory of Evidence-Based Radiology of Taizhou, Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, People's Republic of China
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, 317000, People's Republic of China
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Liu K, Ng C, Zhang J, Li Z, Zeng X, Xie S. Health literacy and its associated factors among the population in two schistosomiasis-endemic villages in Jiangxi Province, China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39107. [PMID: 39093802 PMCID: PMC11296410 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the levels of health literacy and the associated factors among the general population living in 2 schistosomiasis-endemic villages in Jiangxi Province, China. Multistage stratified random sampling was used to select participants, and a face-to-face survey was conducted from July to August 2021 to collect participants' socio-demographic characteristics and levels of overall health literacy (HL) and its 3 subscales: health literacy of basic knowledge and concepts (HL-BKC), health literacy of behavior and lifestyle (HL-BAL), and health literacy of health-related skills (HL-HRS). The Chi-square test and logistic regression models were used to assess the association between socio-demographic characteristics and low HL levels. The prevalence rates of low overall HL, HL-BKC, HL-BAL, and HL-HRS were 84.3%, 61.8%, 82.6%, and 86%, respectively. In addition, no significant differences (P > .05) were noted between the 2 villages regarding overall HL scores and the 3 subscales of health literacy scores. Older age (P < .001), occupation (P < .001), lower educational level (P < .001), and lower annual household income (P < .05) were associated with an increased risk of low HL. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that occupation as a student (OR = 32.289, 95% CI:1.965-530.462, P < .05) and fishermen (OR = 27.902, 95%CI:1.91-407.642, P < .05), lower education level (OR = 0.384, 95%CI:0.149-0.99, P < .05), older age (OR = 5.228, 95%CI:1.458-18.75, P < .001), and lower annual household income (OR = 0.452, 95%CI:0.24-0.851, P < .05) were independently associated with low HL. The prevalence of low HL is high among the population in the schistosomiasis-endemic villages of Jiangxi Province, China. Age, education level, occupation, and annual household income were all independent factors associated with HL levels. Health educational interventions to improve HL should be simultaneously conducted in health promotion work to reduce risky habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexing Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang, China
| | - ChiuWan Ng
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive, Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jing Zhang
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhaojun Li
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang, China
| | - Shuying Xie
- Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control, Nanchang, China
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Bai L, Tang H, Wang M. Dietary behaviors of rural residents in northeastern China: implications for designing intervention information and targeting high-risk population. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1239449. [PMID: 38389950 PMCID: PMC10883159 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1239449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary behavior is a pivotal modifiable determinant in reducing the occurrence of obesity/overweight and chronic non-communicable diseases. Improving the dietary behavior of rural residents in China is imminent due to the poor performance of their dietary behavior. Nutrition knowledge and health literacy are considered as elements that are linked intimately to healthy dietary behaviors but lack research in the Chinese setting. Purpose The study is designed to explore the relationship between nutritional knowledge, health literacy and dietary behaviors and to analyze the performance under different demographic characteristics. Methods A face-to-face survey of 400 rural residents on their nutrition knowledge, functional health literacy and dietary intake of five food categories consisting of 32 items was conducted based on a validated questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, difference test including ANOVA, t-test and non-parametric test, and multivariate linear regression were used for data analysis. Results The results indicate that declarative nutrition knowledge, individuals' information application capacity, and dietary behaviors, especially the intake of fruits, dairy and beans, and vegetable are not ideal and requires improvement. Male, elder, low-income, unmarried, and low-education populations performed significantly worse and were the high-risk group. Procedural nutrition knowledge, information access capacity, information understanding capacity, and information application capacity have remarkable effects on better dietary behavior. Conclusion This study provides evidence-based guidance for prioritizing information and populations for healthy dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Bai
- School of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiheng Tang
- School of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingliang Wang
- School of Business and Management, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Ma Z, Zhang Y, Zhou C, Liu D, Gu S, Zuo H. Independent and combined effect of income and education attainment on the incidence of stroke events: a large-scale cohort study from rural communities in China. Neurol Res 2023; 45:627-633. [PMID: 36745626 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2176630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Few studies have longitudinally evaluated income and education, and their combined effect on incident of stroke in China. METHODS The present study was based on a cohort with a baseline survey in China. A total of 15,913 participants were finally included. Hazard ratios (HRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association of income, education, and their combination with stroke risk by Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS Lower income and less years of education was significantly associated with an increased risk of total stroke [income: adjusted HR: 1.54 (95% CI: 1.22-1.95); education: adjusted HR: 1.59 (95% CI: 1.11-2.28)]. Notably, the highest risk for total stroke was seen among those with lower income and higher education (adjusted HR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.36-4.47). Sensitivity analysis by excluding the first year of follow-up showed similar findings with the primary analysis. DISCUSSION Lower income and education attainment were associated with an increased risk of stroke in Chinese countrysides. A joint effect of income and education existed on the risk of developing stroke. Special attention should be paid for rural community residents, especially for people with low income levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Ma
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- The second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shujun Gu
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Changshu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changshu, China
| | - Hui Zuo
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wu S, Shao B, Wang G. Health Literacy Among University Students in Shaanxi Province of China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:865-878. [PMID: 37205003 PMCID: PMC10185481 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s407113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An adequate level of health literacy will help university students to better respond to public health emergencies and reduce unintended harm caused by public health events. The objective of this study was to assess the health literacy levels of students from Universities of Shaanxi province of China, in order to provide a basis for the development of health literacy promotion plan for university students. Methods An online cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted at five universities in Shaanxi Province of China on the Wen-Juan-Xing online platform. A purposive sampling method was used to 1578 students via self-administered questionnaire. Comparisons of means were made using the t-test and ANOVA, and comparisons of ratios or composition ratios were made using the χ2 test. Results The mean score for health literacy was (105.33±10.14) out of 135, and the mean scores for the three dimensions of health knowledge, attitudes and practices were (36.093±4.192), (34.178±4.227) and (35.059±4.515) respectively. Of the total sample, 39.2% were classified as sufficient in health literacy. Female students had higher health literacy level than male students (t=4.064, p=0.044), lower grade students scored higher than higher grade (F=3.194, p=0.013), students from urban cities scored higher than those who came from rural areas (t=16.376, p<0.001), and university students with health education experience scored higher than those without (t=24.389, p<0.001). Conclusion University students' health literacy is closely related to their gender, grades, family location and health education experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiang Wu
- School of Management, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710055, People’s Republic of China
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, 710021, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuqiang Wu, School of Management, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, 13 Yanta Road, Beilin District, Xi’an, 710055, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86029-86168302, Fax +86029-86168127, Email
| | - Bilin Shao
- School of Management, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaimei Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an, 710021, People’s Republic of China
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Czaplicki L, Hardesty J, Crespi E, Yang T, Kennedy RD. Identifying credible attribution sources for cigarette health warning labels in China: results from a cross-sectional survey of Chinese adults. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058946. [PMID: 35568497 PMCID: PMC9109087 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control recommends health warning labels (HWLs) include an attribution source. Little is known regarding the perceived credibility and effectiveness of different message sources. This study examined perceptions of four HWL attribution sources among adults in China - the world's largest consumer of cigarettes. DESIGN Cross-sectional experimental survey design. PARTICIPANTS Data were collected in 2017 from a convenience sample of 1999 adults across four cities in China; 80% of the sample were current smokers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants viewed four versions of the same HWL, each with a different attribution source: the China Center for Disease Control (ref. group); the regulatory arm of China's domestic tobacco company (STMA); Liyuan Peng, China's first lady; and the WHO. Respondents indicated which HWL was the most: (1) credible, (2) effective at making people quit and (3) effective at preventing youth initiation. RESULTS Multinomial logistic regression models estimated adjusted relative risk ratios (aRRRs) of the three outcomes. Controlling for demographics and smoking status, HWLs attributed to STMA and Liyuan Peng, respectively, were perceived as significantly less credible (aRRR=0.81, p<0.001; aRRR=0.31, p<0.001), less effective at making people quit (aRRR=0.46, p<0.001; aRRR=0.24, p<0.001) and less effective at preventing young smoking (aRRR=0.52, p<0.001; aRRR=0.39, p<0.001) than the China CDC HWL. There were no significant differences in perceived effectiveness of between the WHO and China CDC HWLs. Participants viewed the WHO HWL as significantly more credible (aRRR=1.21, p<0.001) than the China CDC HWL. CONCLUSION Results suggest the unique role of health organisations in conveying smoking-related messages that appear credible and effective at motivating others to quit smoking or never start smoking in China. Findings can inform global recommendations regarding HWL attribution sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Czaplicki
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey Hardesty
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Elizabeth Crespi
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tingzhong Yang
- Center for Tobacco Control Research, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Womens' Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ryan David Kennedy
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Cevik C, Kayabek İ. Health literacy and quality of life among people in semi-urban and urban areas. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2022; 56:e20210495. [PMID: 35420625 PMCID: PMC10081648 DOI: 10.1590/1980-220x-reeusp-2021-0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to investigate health literacy level, quality of life and related factors in semi-urban and urban areas. METHOD this cross-sectional study was carried out between December 2018 and February 2019 with 595 participants. The variables found significant in the bivariate regression analysis were included in the multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS according to the scores obtained from the Health Literacy Scale, participants' health literacy 76.5% levels were adequate. The factors affecting the Health Literacy Scale score in semi-urban areas were educational status, income status, presence of a chronic disease, perceived health, and understanding the health information provided. The factors affecting the Health Literacy Scale score in urban areas were age, marital status, reading habits, presence of a chronic disease, and understanding the health information provided (p < .05). There was a statistically significant difference between participants living in semi-urban and urban areas in terms of their health literacy and quality of life levels (p < .001). CONCLUSION the health literacy level was inadequate in three out of ten participants, and it was even lower in semi-urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celalettin Cevik
- Balikesir University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Nursing, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Kayabek
- Balikesir University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health Nursing, Balikesir, Turkey
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The health literacy status and influencing factors of the high-risk stroke population in Jilin Province. J Public Health (Oxf) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-020-01353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Wang V, Liu SE, Fuller R, Cheng CI, Ragina N. Discerning Fact From Fiction: An Assessment of Coronavirus-19 Misinformation Among Patients in Rural Michigan. Cureus 2022; 14:e21710. [PMID: 35242476 PMCID: PMC8884155 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Peng H, Sun M, Hu X, Han H, Su J, Peng E, Wiley J, Lommel L, Chen JL. Prevalence, awareness, and associated factors of high blood pressure among female migrant workers in Central South China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13365. [PMID: 35535240 PMCID: PMC9078134 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although many young Chinese women migrate to urban regions for better opportunities, little is known about the prevalence and awareness of having high blood pressure (HBP) in this population. This study investigated the prevalence, awareness, and factors associated with HBP among young female migrant workers in Central South China. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study to identify HBP (2017 ACC/AHA guidelines) among female migrant workers aged 18-45 years in Central South China. Demographics, anthropometric measurements, hypertension-related lifestyle, awareness of HBP, and blood pressure were recorded. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with HBP (blood pressure ≥ 130/80 mmHg). RESULTS Overall, 232 female migrants participated in the study (mean age 34.4; standard deviation: 6.4 years). The prevalence of HBP was 27.2% (95% CI [21.6-33.2]), and 88.9% of the participants were unaware of their HBP status. Having rural medical insurance (odds ratio [OR] = 20.7; 95% confidence interval 95% CI [2.1-204.8]), awareness of having HBP (OR = 5.1; 95% CI [1.4-18.5]), physical inactivity (OR = 2.9; 95% CI [1.1-7.9]), and being overweight/obese (OR = 2.7; 95% CI [1.3-6.1]) were independently associated with HBP. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a high prevalence of HBP among young Chinese female migrant workers, as well as a high frequency of being unaware of their condition and some associated factors (rural medical insurance, awareness of having HBP, physical inactivity, and overweight/obesity). The uncontrolled HBP among young Chinese female migrant workers suggested that health education needs further promotion in such a population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Peng
- Department of Nursing, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mei Sun
- Community Nursing Department, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Hunan Women Research Association, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Community Nursing Department, Xiangya Nursing School of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huiwu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Nursing, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Emin Peng
- Outpatient Clinic, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - James Wiley
- Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Lisa Lommel
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Jyu-Lin Chen
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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Pavão ALB, Werneck GL. [Health literacy in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:4101-4114. [PMID: 34586263 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021269.05782020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Health literacy (HL) is linked to individual capacities of access, understanding, assessment and application of health information to make decisions in everyday life, in order to maintain or improve health. The scope of this article is to review studies on HL conducted in low- and middle-income countries, with an emphasis on the definition used for HL. It involved a systematic search in the Medline, Embase, Scopus, LILACS and SciELO databases. It included studies that showed the definition of HL, studies in countries with low- and middle-income economies and Latin American studies. Initially, a selection of studies was made by reading the titles and/or abstracts. Two independent evaluators conducted the reading of the full text. Disagreements were discussed by consensus. A total of 6,025 references were located and 36 were selected for the final sample. Most studies (58.3%) were from countries on the Asian continent, followed by studies from South American countries (27.8%), including Brazil. Most studies (58.3%) evaluated the functional dimension of the HL (FHL). The most frequent definitions were from the Institute of Medicine and from the World Health Organization. Approximately 30% of the studies that evaluated FHL used broader definitions of HL as theoretical frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza Braz Pavão
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Brasil 4.365 Pavilhão Haity Moussatché, Manguinhos. 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
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Li L, He J, Ouyang F, Qiu D, Li Y, Luo D, Yu Y, Xiao S. Sociodemographic disparity in health-related behaviours and dietary habits among public workers in China: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e047462. [PMID: 34344677 PMCID: PMC8336184 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to estimate the distribution of health-related behaviours and dietary habits by sociodemographics among public workers in China. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING A representative sample was obtained from 10 government-run institutions in Hunan province of China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 5029 public workers were included in this study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Prevalence on their sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviours and dietary habits. Socioeconomic status (SES) scores were calculated by multiplying ordinal numerical values assigned to consecutive categories of education level and annual household income. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and categorical principal component analysis were used to estimate differences in health-related behaviours and dietary habits by sociodemographics. RESULTS The distribution of health-related behaviours and dietary habits was varied by sociodemographic groups. Middle-aged groups (41-60 years) were more likely to smoke (for men, 34.5%), use alcohol (for men, 22.5%), and have short sleep duration (for men, 36.3%; for women, 39.6%). Young participants (≤30 years) were more likely to have multiple unhealthy behaviours and dietary habits. Those in low-SES have a significant higher rate of smoking (ORadj=1.46, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.85) and leisure-time physical inactivity (ORadj=1.18, 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.37), but a lower rate of late sleeping (ORadj=0.69, 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.83) than those in high-SES. Notably, older men (≥51 years) with low-SES preferred the 'smoked and pickled foods and dessert' and 'fish and nut' pattern. In high-SES groups, 41-50 year old people preferred the 'traditional foods' and 'cereals and dairy product' pattern. No difference in dietary patterns by sociodemographics was found among women (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings of the disparity distribution of health-related behaviours and dietary habits by specific gender, age and SES among Chinese public workers have important policy implications for developing targeted health interventions to facilitate health-related behaviours and dietary habits in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feiyun Ouyang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Qiu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yilu Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuiyuan Xiao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Yang Q, Yu S, Wang C, Gu G, Yang Z, Liu H, lin L, Qiao Y, Yu L, Feng Q, Niu G. Health literacy and its socio-demographic risk factors in Hebei: A cross-sectional survey. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25975. [PMID: 34032709 PMCID: PMC8154485 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of low health literacy in Hebei Province of China, and to investigate its socio-demographic risk factors.This study was a community-based, cross-sectional questionnaire survey with a multiple-stage randomization design and a sample size of 10,560. Participants' health literacy status was evaluated by a questionnaire based on the 2012 Chinese Resident Health Literacy Scale. Meanwhile, participants' socio-demographic characteristics were also collected by the questionnaire.A total of 9952 participants provided valid questionnaires and were included in the final analyses. The mean health literacy score was 63.1 ± 17.1 points; for its subscales, the mean basic knowledge and concepts score, lifestyle score, health-related skills score were 31.7 ± 9.0, 17.2 ± 4.8, 14.3 ± 4.1, respectively. Meanwhile, low health literacy prevalence was 81.0%; for its subscales, low basic knowledge and concepts prevalence (70.6%) was numerically reduced compared to low lifestyle prevalence (87.4%) and low health-related skills prevalence (86.1%). Further analyses showed that age, male, and rural area were positively associated, but education level and annual household income were negatively associated with low health literacy prevalence. Further multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that higher age, male, lower education level, lower annual household income, and rural area were closely correlated with the risks of low total health literacy or low health literacy in subscales in Hebei Province.The prevalence of low health literacy is 81.0% in Hebei Province. Meanwhile, higher age, male, lower education level, lower annual household income, and rural area closely associate with low health literacy risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuli Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine
| | | | - Guoxiao Gu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai
| | - Ziwen Yang
- Academy of Linguistic Science, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing
| | - Huihui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Xingtai County
| | | | - Yu Qiao
- Department of Psychology, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai
| | | | | | - Guangxu Niu
- Department of Pathology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, China
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15
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Ma T, Meng H, Ye Z, Jia C, Sun M, Liu D. Health Literacy Mediates the Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Productive Aging Among Elderly Chinese Adults in a Newly Urbanized Community. Front Public Health 2021; 9:647230. [PMID: 33898380 PMCID: PMC8062760 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.647230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Productive aging, or older adults engaging in paid or unpaid activities that produce socially valued goods or services, has been suggested to have the beneficial impact on older adults' health and well-being. We performed a cross-sectional study to examine the influence of health literacy on the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and productive aging among older Chinese adults in a newly urbanized community. Data was collected from 995 older adults from a newly urbanized community between June and August 2013 in Chengdu, China. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationship among SES, health literacy and productive aging. Results showed that education attainment and income had a direct positive effect on health literacy (β = 0.47and β = 0.15, respectively). Education had a partial indirect effect on productive aging through health literacy (β = 0.27). And health literacy was an important factor in improving the productive aging of the elderly. Interventions targeting health education and health promotion should be taken to improve health literacy of older adults under the background of urbanization, especially for those with lower SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpei Ma
- Laboratory for Aging and Cancer Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongdao Meng
- School of Aging Studies, College of Behavioral & Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Zhiqiu Ye
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Chaoyong Jia
- Zhong He Community Health Service Center in Chengdu Hi-Techzone, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Sun
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Danping Liu
- Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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16
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Chen W, Ren H, Wang N, Xiong Y, Xu F. The relationship between socioeconomic position and health literacy among urban and rural adults in regional China. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:527. [PMID: 33731069 PMCID: PMC7972343 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10600-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine associations of socioeconomic position (SEP), separately indicated by education, monthly family average income (FAI) and occupation, with health literacy (HL) among adults in regional China. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among urban and rural adults (aged 25-69 years) who were randomly selected, using the probability proportionate to size sampling approach, from Nanjing municipality of China during October and December of 2016. HL, the outcome variable, was assessed using the Chinese Resident Health Literacy Scale. SEP, our independent variable, was separately measured with educational attainment, monthly family average income and occupation. Logistic regression models were introduced to examine SEP-HL association with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Totally, 8698 participants completed the survey. The proportion of participants with unweighted and weighted adequate HL was 18.0% (95%CI = 17.2, 18.8%) and 19.9% (95%CI = 16.6, 23.6%), respectively, in this study. After adjustment for possible confounding factors, each SEP indicator was in significantly positive relation to both unweighted and weight HL level. Participants who obtained 13+ and 10-12 years educational attainment, respectively, had 2.41 (95%CI = 1.60, 3.64) and 1.68 (95%CI = 1.23, 2.29) times odds to record weighted adequate HL compared to their counterparts who were with 0-9 years education. Subjects within upper (OR = 1.92, 95%CI = 1.24, 2.98) and middle FAI tertile (OR = 1.59, 95%CI = 1.19, 2.13), respectively, were more likely to report weighted adequate HL relative to those who were within lower FAI tertile. White collars were more likely to have weighted adequate HL (OR = 1.33, 95%CI = 1.09, 1.61) than blue collars. CONCLUSIONS Each of education, FAI and occupation was positively associated with health literacy among urban and rural adults in China. The findings have important implications that different SEP indicators can be used to identify vulnerable residents in population-based health literacy promotion campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Nanjing Gulou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongfu Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave., Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaqing Xiong
- Geriatric Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 30 Luojia Rd., Nanjing, 210024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Ave., Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China. .,Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China.
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17
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Wang C, Gu G, Yang Q, Yu S, Liu H, Yang Z, Yang H, Qiao Y, Yu L. The prevalence and related factors for low health literacy in Xingtai: A cross-sectional survey in prefecture-level city. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e24848. [PMID: 33725838 PMCID: PMC7969249 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000024848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the low health literacy prevalence and its socio-demographic related factors in Xingtai.This study was a community-based, cross-sectional survey performed in Xingtai, with a sample size of 960. Participants' socio-demographic characteristics were collected, and their health literacy status was evaluated by the questionnaire designed by the 2012 Chinese Resident Health Literacy Survey.There were 904 (94.2%) participants who provided valid questionnaires and they were included in the analyses. The mean health literacy score was 63.0 ± 16.6; for its subscales, the mean scores of health literacy of basic knowledge and concepts, lifestyle, and health-related skills were 31.6 ± 8.7, 17.1 ± 4.7, and 14.3 ± 3.9, respectively. Low total health literacy prevalence was 83.1%; as for its subscales, the prevalence of low health literacy of basic knowledge and concepts, lifestyle, and health-related skills was 72.5%, 87.8%, and 87.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, age, male and rural location were positively correlated, but education level and annual household income were negatively correlated with low health literacy risk. Further multivariate analysis revealed that lower education level was the only independent related factor for low total health literacy, and the most important independent related factor for low total health literacy of basic knowledge and concepts, lifestyle and health-related skills.Low health literacy prevalence is 83.1%, and lower education level is the most critical related factor for low health literacy in Xingtai.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guoxiao Gu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xingtai Medical College
| | | | - Shuli Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine
| | - Huihui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Xingtai County, Xingtai
| | - Ziwen Yang
- Academy of Linguistic Science, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing
| | | | - Yu Qiao
- Department of Psychology, Xingtai Medical College, Xingtai, China
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Vicerra PMM. Knowledge-Behavior Gap on COVID-19 among Older People in Rural Thailand. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2021; 7:2333721421997207. [PMID: 33718521 PMCID: PMC7917830 DOI: 10.1177/2333721421997207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the difference between rural and urban older adults in
Thailand regarding the relationship between the knowledge and behavior toward
the prevention of contracting COVID-19. Path analysis was used to observe if the
performance of protective behaviors was affected by the level of knowledge that
older people have about the disease. This study used the Impact of COVID-19 on
Older Persons in Thailand survey collected across the five regions of the
country. Rural residents benefited from community network of village health volunteers who
provided information during the pandemic but, they had disadvantages on
accessing newer media sources, mainly the internet, for the latest developments
on COVID-19. Rural older adults had a higher level of knowledge about COVID-19
than those in urban areas; no difference was observed regarding their behavior
to prevent themselves from being infected. The knowledge-behavior gap was viewed
as a mechanism of cognitive avoidance because of overwhelming unprecedented
information.
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19
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Montgomery H, Morgan S, Srithanaviboonchai K, Ayood P, Siviroj P, Wood MM. Correlates of Health Literacy among Farmers in Northern Thailand. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197071. [PMID: 32992606 PMCID: PMC7579202 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Low health literacy is a barrier to public health efforts worldwide. Agricultural workers have an elevated risk for lower health literacy, with important health implications because of their potential exposure to harmful chemicals. The Asian Health Literacy Survey (AHLS) has been developed and translated for use in several different Asian countries and is standardized for easy comparisons across regions. However, it has not been translated for use in Thailand. The purpose of this study was to (1) to determine the health literacy of rural Thai farmers in Northern Thailand, and (2) identify correlates of health literacy within this group. Internal consistency of the Thai AHLS translation was "excellent" (alpha = 0.92). Descriptive results showed that health literacy was relatively high (M = 34.98/50, SD = 6.87). Education, income, working as a village health volunteer, age, length of time farming, no chemical use in farming, health, and pesticide screening were statistically significant correlates of health literacy (R2 = 0.19). Thai farmers had higher health literacy than reported for several other Asian countries. Results may be used to inform the design of future health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Montgomery
- Department of Public Health, California State University Fullerton, 800 North State College Boulevard, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA; (H.M.); (S.M.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Siena Morgan
- Department of Public Health, California State University Fullerton, 800 North State College Boulevard, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA; (H.M.); (S.M.); (M.M.W.)
| | - Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intavaroros, Sriphum, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intavaroros, Sriphum, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-5394-6148
| | - Pisittawoot Ayood
- Sankamphaeng Hospital, Buak Khang Sub-district, Sankamphaeng, Chiang Mai 50130, Thailand;
| | - Penprapa Siviroj
- Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intavaroros, Sriphum, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Michele M. Wood
- Department of Public Health, California State University Fullerton, 800 North State College Boulevard, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92834, USA; (H.M.); (S.M.); (M.M.W.)
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20
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Mei X, Zhong Q, Chen G, Huang Y, Li J. Exploring health literacy in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1417. [PMID: 32943017 PMCID: PMC7499859 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09520-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, research on health literacy has become increasingly focused on the health care system and public health. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate health literacy and analyse the risk factors that affect health literacy in Wuhan, China. Methods Multistage stratified random sampling was used to select 5304 urban and rural residents aged 15 to 69 years from 204 monitoring points in 15 districts of Wuhan. Using the Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) (2018 edition), a face-to-face survey was conducted from November to December 2018. Risk factors that may affect health literacy were assessed using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression models. Results The knowledge rate of health literacy was relatively low (19.3%). The knowledge rate of health-related behaviour and lifestyle (BAL, 17.3%) was the lowest of the three aspects of health literacy, and the knowledge rate of chronic diseases (CD, 19.0%) was the lowest of the six dimensions of health literacy. Respondents who lived in urban areas, had higher education levels, worked as medical staff, had a higher household income and did not suffer from chronic diseases were likely to have higher health literacy. Conclusions The health literacy levels of citizens in Wuhan are insufficient and need to improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mei
- Department of Health Education, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 288 Machang Road, Changqing Street, Jianghan District, Wuhan, 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Zhong
- Department of Health Education, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 288 Machang Road, Changqing Street, Jianghan District, Wuhan, 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Medical Department, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 26 Shengli Street, Jiang'an District, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanxia Huang
- Department of Health Education, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 288 Machang Road, Changqing Street, Jianghan District, Wuhan, 430024, Hubei, China
| | - Junlin Li
- Department of Health Education, Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 288 Machang Road, Changqing Street, Jianghan District, Wuhan, 430024, Hubei, China.
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21
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Shi J, Qi L, Li Y, Liu X. Investigation of Health Literacy Status in Beijing, China. Health Lit Res Pract 2020; 4:e174-e184. [PMID: 32929517 PMCID: PMC7490147 DOI: 10.3928/24748307-20200731-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Chinese government uses health literacy as an evaluation to estimate population health status in national strategic planning. A health literacy survey system for the city of Beijing, China was established in 2012 with triennial surveys to obtain representative data for the whole city. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine results of the 2015 Beijing Health Literacy Survey and to identify population subgroups that may warrant intervention due to high risk for not having adequate health literacy. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which participants were selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling. The information was collected in 2015 in face-to-face interviews on the Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire. A total of 12,876 interviews were included in the final analyses. Weighting was conducted in all statistical analyses to obtain representative estimates, and multiple logistic regression was applied to examine the independent influencing factors on health literacy level (adequate/inadequate). Key Results: Overall, 28% of participants had adequate health literacy. Urban residents had a higher proportion of participants with adequate health literacy compared to rural residents (29.5% vs. 19%, p < .01). Women (29.7%) had a higher proportion of participants with adequate health literacy compared to men (29.7% vs. 26.4%, p < .01). The proportion of participants with adequate health literacy was significantly different among age groups (χ2 = 332.9, p < .01). Residents age 25 to 34 years had the highest rate of adequate health literacy (33.9%). The proportion of participants with adequate health literacy increased as participants obtained more education (χ2 = 818.4, p < .01). Residents in households with higher income had a higher rate of adequate health literacy (χ2 = 462.4, p < .01). Gender, age, education, and household income were independently associated with the level of health literacy. Conclusions: Substantial variation exists in health literacy level among age groups, gender groups, and education groups. Taking these disparities into account is important when developing health policies and allocating resources. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2020;4(3):e174–e184.] Plain Language Summary: The results of this investigation revealed the health literacy status of residents in Beijing, China, and the high-risk population that may be more likely to have low health literacy. Targeted health education interventions may be helpful to improve health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiurong Liu
- Address correspondence to Xiurong Liu, MD, 35 Nan-Sanlitun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China 100020;
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22
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Liu Y, Meng H, Tu N, Liu D. The Relationship Between Health Literacy, Social Support, Depression, and Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes in China. Front Public Health 2020; 8:280. [PMID: 32714893 PMCID: PMC7344226 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Population aging is one of the major challenges facing modern society and has attracted global attention. With population aging becoming a global phenomenon, the impact of age-related diseases on health is increasing rapidly. Frailty is one of the most pressing issues facing older adults. The purpose of this study was to explore the interrelationship between health literacy, social support, depression, and frailty among older patients with hypertension and diabetes in China. No studies have investigated the mediating effects of social support and depression between health literacy and frailty. The findings of this study can be applied to help ameliorate frailty in older hypertensive and diabetic patients. Data were collected from 637 older hypertensive and diabetic patients aged 65 years and older in Sichuan Province, China. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationship among the variables. The results showed that 42.4% of the participants suffered from frailty. The mean scores for health literacy, social support, depression, and frailty were 13.6 ± 5.7, 35.7 ± 6.5, 4.0 ± 3.4, and 3.5 ± 2.1, respectively. Social support had a direct negative association with frailty (β = −0.128, 95%CI: [−0.198, −0.056]), and depression had a direct positive association with frailty (β = 0.326, 95%CI: [0.229, 0.411]), while social support had no direct association with depression. Health literacy had a direct positive association with social support (β = 0.151, 95%CI: [0.077, 0.224]) and a direct negative association with depression (β = −0.173, 95%CI: [−0.246, −0.1]), while health literacy had an indirect negative association with frailty through the mediating effect of social support and depression. To mitigate frailty in older patients with hypertension and diabetes, measures that provide social support, and enhance health literacy, while alleviating depression, should be considered, along with greater attention to patients who are divorced, widowed, or unmarried, those with comorbidities, and those with lower socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongdao Meng
- School of Aging Studies, College of Behavioral and Community Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Naidan Tu
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Danping Liu
- Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Lin B, Mei Y, Ping Z, Zhang Z. The Urban-Rural Disparity in the Status and Risk Factors of Health Literacy: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Central China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3848. [PMID: 32485790 PMCID: PMC7312746 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Health literacy is the ability of individuals to access, process, and understand health information to make decisions regarding treatment and their health on the whole; it is critical to maintain and improve public health. However, the health literacy of urban and rural populations in China has been little known. Thus, this study aims to assess the status of health literacy and explore the differences of its possible determinants (e.g., socio-economic factors) among urban and rural populations in Henan, China. A cross-sectional study, 78,646 participants were recruited from a populous province in central China with a multi-stage random sampling design. The Chinese Resident Health Literacy Scale was adopted to measure the health literacy of the respondents. In the participants, the level of health literacy (10.21%) in central China was significantly lower than the national average, and a big gap was identified between urban and rural populations (16.92% vs. 8.09%). A noticeable difference was reported in different aspects and health issues of health literacy between urban and rural populations. The health literacy level was lower in those with lower levels of education, and a significant difference was identified in the level of health literacy among people of different ages and occupations in both urban and rural areas. Note that in rural areas, as long as residents educated, they all had higher odds to exhibit basic health literacy than those uneducated; in rural areas, compared with those aged 15 to 24 years, residents aged 45 to 54 years (OR = 0.846,95% CI (0.730, 0.981)), 55 to 64 years (OR = 0.716,95% CI (0.614, 0.836)) and above 65 years (OR = 0.679, 95% CI (0.567, 0.812)) were 84.6%, 71.6%, and 67.9%, respectively, less likely to exhibit basic health literacy. Considering the lower health literacy among rural residents compared with their urban counterparts, a reorientation of the health policy-making for Chinese rural areas is recommended. This study suggests that urban-rural disparity about health literacy risk factors should be considered when implementing health literacy promotion intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (W.W.); (B.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Institute of Health Education and Prevention of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases, Henna Provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Beilei Lin
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (W.W.); (B.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yongxia Mei
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (W.W.); (B.L.); (Y.M.)
| | - Zhiguang Ping
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
| | - Zhenxiang Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (W.W.); (B.L.); (Y.M.)
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Huang CH, Talley PC, Lin CW, Huang RY, Liu IT, Chiang IH, Lu IC, Lai YC, Kuo KM. Factors associated with low health literacy among community-dwelling women in Taiwan. Women Health 2019; 60:487-501. [PMID: 31488046 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2019.1662872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated factors associated with health literacy in community-dwelling Taiwanese women, particularly focusing on those associated with prevalent unhealthy behaviors. This cross-sectional study recruited 353 community-dwelling women aged 39-89 years from February to October 2015 in urban, suburban, and rural areas. Variables investigated included physical activity, community activity, tobacco usage, alcohol consumption, and betel-nut chewing. Degree of health literacy was evaluated using the Chinese-language version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire. Most respondents had inadequate (17.6%), or problematic (49.3%), general health literacy. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that low educational attainment was closely associated with inadequate or problematic general health literacy. Women who did not engage in regular physical activity or direct community activity were more likely to have inadequate and problematic general health literacy, respectively. Selected unhealthy behaviors (tobacco usage, alcohol consumption, betel-nut chewing) were not associated with health literacy. Low health literacy was prevalent among participants. Lower educational attainment and a lack of physical or community activity were associated with low health literacy. Health literacy should be considered during the process of delivering health information, and health education programs must enhance health literacy tailored to address individuals' lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsien Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Center for Evidence-based Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Paul C Talley
- Department of Applied English, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Wei Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ru-Yi Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Center for International Medical Education, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - I-Ting Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Institute of Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Tainan City, Republic of China
| | - I-Hui Chiang
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - I-Cheng Lu
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cheng Lai
- Department of Family Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuang-Ming Kuo
- Department of Healthcare Administration, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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25
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Xie Y, Ma M, Zhang Y, Tan X. Factors associated with health literacy in rural areas of Central China: structural equation model. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:300. [PMID: 31077197 PMCID: PMC6509858 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4094-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health literacy is a strong predictor of health status. This study develops and tests a structural equation model to explore the factors that are associated with the health literacy level of rural residents in Central China. Methods The participants were recruited from a county-level city in Central China (N = 1164). Face-to-face interviews were conducted to complete the self-designed questionnaire of each participant. The questionnaire included items for the (1) demographic information, (2) socioeconomic status, and (3) health literacy of the participants. Mplus analyses were performed to evaluate the proposed model. Results The final model showed good fit for the data, and both demographic characteristics (i.e., age, BMI, and residence) and socioeconomic status (i.e., monthly income, occupation, and education level) were significantly associated with health literacy level. The effects of these two variables were − 0.277 (P < 0.05) and 0.615 (P < 0.001), respectively, and the model explained 70.2% of the variance in health literacy. Conclusions Health literacy was significantly associated with age, BMI, distance between residence and nearest medical institution, monthly income, occupation, and education level, whereas socioeconomic status was a dominant predictor of health literacy level. Targeting these factors might be helpful in allocating health resources rationally when performing health promotion work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12913-019-4094-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaofei Xie
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No.115 of Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Mengdi Ma
- Wuhan Blood Center, No.8 of Baofeng One Road, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Ya'nan Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No.115 of Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, No.115 of Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430000, China.
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26
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Prevalence of high blood pressure and high normal blood pressure among 7- to 17-year-old children and adolescents in developed regions, China from 2014 to 2017: using new national blood pressure reference for Chinese children and adolescents. J Hum Hypertens 2019; 33:400-410. [PMID: 30804460 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-019-0183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As the first blood pressure (BP) reference considering influence of height in China, national blood pressure reference for Chinese han children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years (CCBP) was issued in 2017. The current study aimed to observe the short-term trends in BP and prevalence of high blood pressure (HBP) and high normal blood pressure (HNBP) using this CCBP reference in Suzhou, China. Data of children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years were collected from 2014 to 2017. Total population of 2014 to 2017 were 617,383, 684,453, 695,302, and 774,605, respectively, and proportions of males were 54.1%, 54.0%, 53.9%, and 53.8%, respectively. P-trend tests were conducted to examine the trends of BP among different age, region, body mass index, and socioeconomic status groups for each gender. Multivariate logistic regression analyses found secular decreases in prevalence of HBP and HNBP, after adjustment for potential confounders. Compared with that in 2014, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for total study population were 0.936 (0.928, 0.944) in 2015, 0.879 (0.872, 0.887) in 2016, and 0.934 (0.926, 0.941) in 2017. In conclusion, prevalence of HBP and HNBP decreased among children and adolescents in developed regions of China from 2014 to 2017, and a slight rise were found in 2017.
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27
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Hu A, Yang XY. Is college education an equalizer for social disparities in health literacy? A case study in Shanghai, China. Glob Health Promot 2017; 26:62-70. [PMID: 29160162 DOI: 10.1177/1757975917731576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to illustrate the immediate effect of the college education process (across college grades) on the strength of association between parental education and college attendees' health literacy. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis was conducted based on data from a random sample of students in one university in Shanghai, China (N = 574). Exploratory factor analysis was used to generate factors of different dimensions of health literacy. Ordinary least square regression models were estimated to investigate how college education process alters the family-based disparity in health literacy. RESULTS The link between parental education and health-related skills did not vary significantly across grades of participants, but participants in their third (p < 0.05) and fourth year (p < 0.001) revealed a significantly weaker association between health-promoting proactivity and parental education, relative to the first-year counterparts. Also, the impact of parental education on health-related attitudes significantly declined among the fourth-year seniors, compared with first-year students (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher education experience is an important mechanism to alleviate the socioeconomic gap in health literacy. Such an equalizer effect, nevertheless, is contingent on the particular dimensions of health literacy.
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28
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Is Health Education at University Associated with Students' Health Literacy? Evidence from Cross-Sectional Study Applying HLS-EU-Q. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8516843. [PMID: 29130048 PMCID: PMC5654335 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8516843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Despite the large number of studies assessing health literacy, little research has been conducted with young adults. Since health literacy is related to the setting in which health information is provided, our study aim was to measure health literacy competencies in a sample of university students and to evaluate the relationships between these competencies and their university health education. Methods A total of 912 university students (aged 18–24 years) completed the 47-item European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47). Results Perceived difficulties with health information were related to gender, with male students reporting significantly lower health literacy scores. Studying more health education-related subjects was associated with a higher health literacy competency, due to these students' higher rates of accessing and understanding health information in the health promotion domain. Conclusion Health literacy among young adult university students is insufficient. The subjects they study are related to their university health education; in particular, the number of health-related subjects they study is positively related to students' health promotion domain-based competencies.
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29
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Duong TV, Sørensen K, Pelikan JM, Van den Broucke S, Lin IF, Lin YC, Huang HL, Chang PW. Health-related behaviors moderate the association between age and self-reported health literacy among Taiwanese women. Women Health 2017; 58:632-646. [PMID: 28537772 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2017.1333074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The role of health-related behaviors in the association between age and health literacy has not been well-elucidated. The present cross-sectional study evaluated the interactions between age and health-related behaviors in 942 women in Taiwan between February and October 2013. Women aged 18-78 years were randomly sampled and recruited from the national administrative system. Self-reported health literacy was measured by the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47) in Mandarin, asking about sociodemographics and essential health-related behaviors (watching health-related television, community involvement). The interviews were conducted confidentially by well-trained interviewers after having participants' consent. In multiple linear regression models adjusted for education attainment, self-perceived social status, ability to pay for medication, and health-related behaviors, health literacy was significantly negatively related to age (unstandardized regression coefficient, B = -0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI] = (-0.07; 0.00); p = .03). The lower health literacy among older women was significantly modified by watching health-related television programs (from "rarely/not-at-all", B = -0.08 (-0.12, -0.04), p < .001 to "often"; B = 0.10 (0.07, 0.12); p < .001) and community involvement (from "rarely/not-at-all", B = -0.06 (-0.10, -0.03); p = .001 to "often", B = 0.06 (0.03, 0.08); p < .001). Specific health behaviors were protective of older women's health literacy and likely their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuyen-Van Duong
- a College of Public Health and Nutrition , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,b Department of Environmental Health Sciences , National Health Research Institute , Miaoli , Taiwan.,c Asian Health Literacy Association , Geneva , Switzerland
| | | | - Jürgen M Pelikan
- e Health Promoting Hospitals, WHO-CC Health Promotion in Hospitals and Health Care and University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Stephan Van den Broucke
- f Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences , Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
| | - I-Feng Lin
- g School of Public Health , National Yang Ming University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Lin
- a College of Public Health and Nutrition , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,h Department of Family Medicine , Shuang Ho Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Huang
- i Department of Healthcare Management , Yuanpei University of Medical Technology , Hsin-Chu , Taiwan
| | - Peter Wushou Chang
- a College of Public Health and Nutrition , Taipei Medical University , Taipei , Taiwan.,c Asian Health Literacy Association , Geneva , Switzerland.,j Department of Family Medicine , Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare , Taipei , Taiwan
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30
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Wu Y, Wang L, Cai Z, Bao L, Ai P, Ai Z. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Health Literacy: A Community-Based Study in Shanghai, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E628. [PMID: 28604645 PMCID: PMC5486314 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14060628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Health literacy is an increasingly important public health concern. However, little is known about the health literacy of general public in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of low health literacy and demographic associations in Shanghai, China. Methods: This study was a community-based cross-sectional health survey utilizing a multi-stage random sampling design. The sample consisted of 1360 individuals aged 15-69 years with the total community-dwelling Chinese as the sample frame. Health literacy was measured by a questionnaire developed on the basis of a national health literacy manual released by the Chinese Ministry of Health. Multiple logistic regression models were used to identify whether common socio-demographic features were associated with health literacy level. Results: The prevalence of low health literacy was 84.49% (95% CI, 82.56% to 86.41%). The prevalence of low health literacy was negatively associated with the level of education, occupation, and annual household income, but was not associated with gender, age, or the presence of non-communicable chronic disease. Conclusions: Simplifying health services, enhancing health education, and promoting interventions to improve health literacy in high-risk populations should be considered as part of the strategies in the making of health policy in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Baoshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shanghai, Baoshan 201900, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Cai
- Baoshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shanghai, Baoshan 201900, China.
| | - Luqi Bao
- Baoshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shanghai, Baoshan 201900, China.
| | - Pu Ai
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Zisheng Ai
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200092, China.
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31
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Rong H, Cheng X, Garcia JM, Zhang L, Lu L, Fang J, Le M, Hu P, Dong X, Yang J, Wang Y, Luo T, Liu J, Chen JA. Survey of health literacy level and related influencing factors in military college students in Chongqing, China: A cross-sectional analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177776. [PMID: 28545133 PMCID: PMC5435342 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Health literacy (HL) has become an important public health issue and is receiving growing attention. However, the HL levels of military college students in China have never been analyzed. This study aimed to investigate the HL and related associate factors in military college students in Chongqing, China. Data was obtained with the “Chinese Citizen Health Literacy Questionnaire (2012 edition)” from 3183 military college students aged 16–28 years at Chongqing in December 2015. A total score of ≥80 points determined adequate HL, and HL level was defined as the proportion of students who had adequate HL out of the total number of participants. Multiple logistic regression analysis with a stepwise forward likelihood ratio (LR) method was used to determine the effects of sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and family-related factors on HL level. The mean score of HL was 68.56, and the HL level of military college students was 21.05%; the overall knowledge rate was 71.33%. The independent factors that were associated with HL level were years in college, educational system, time playing online games, annual household income and father's education level. Senior (odds ratio [OR] = 1.229, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.018∼1.484), undergraduate (OR = 1.509, 95% CI 1.151∼1.978), time played games more than 5 hours each week (OR = 0.638, 95% CI 0.486∼0.837), annual household incomes more than 50,000 yuan (OR = 1.231, 95% CI 1.027∼1.476) and father's education level (high school: OR = 2.327, 95% CI 1.186∼4.565; university: OR = 2.450, 95% CI 1.244∼4.825), were independently associated with higher HL level. HL levels of military college students in Chongqing need to be improved across the board. Our data suggests that special emphasis should be placed on students in junior and those in the specialist educational system. School departments may also benefit from incorporating health literacy into their curricula and helping students manage the time they spend playing online games.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghui Rong
- Department of Health Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Health Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jose M Garcia
- GRECC, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Health Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Health Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Fang
- Department of Ambulant Clinic, Institute of Communication of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingshan Le
- Department of Ambulant Clinic, Institute of Logistics Engineering of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Ambulant Clinic, Institute of Communication of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinlu Dong
- Department of Ambulant Clinic, Institute of Communication of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Junli Yang
- Department of Ambulant Clinic, Institute of Logistics Engineering of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Ambulant Clinic, Institute of Logistics Engineering of PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Health Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Health Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ji-An Chen
- Department of Health Education, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Measuring health literacy in Asia: Validation of the HLS-EU-Q47 survey tool in six Asian countries. J Epidemiol 2016; 27:80-86. [PMID: 28142016 PMCID: PMC5328731 DOI: 10.1016/j.je.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Health literacy has been increasingly recognized as one of the most important social determinants for health. However, an appropriate and comprehensive assessment tool is not available in many Asian countries. This study validates a comprehensive health literacy survey tool European health literacy questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q47) for the general public in several Asian countries. Methods A cross-sectional survey based on multistage random sampling in the target countries. A total of 10,024 participants aged ≥15 years were recruited during 2013–2014 in Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Taiwan, and Vietnam. The questionnaire was translated into local languages to measure general health literacy and its three domains. To evaluate the validity of the tool in these countries, data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency analysis, and regression analysis. Results The questionnaire was shown to have good construct validity, satisfactory goodness-of-fit of the data to the hypothetical model in three health literacy domains, high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha >0.90), satisfactory item-scale convergent validity (item-scale correlation ≥0.40), and no floor/ceiling effects in these countries. General health literacy index score was significantly associated with level of education (P from <0.001 to 0.011) and perceived social status (P from <0.001 to 0.016), with evidence of known-group validity. Conclusions The HLS-EU-Q47 was a satisfactory and comprehensive health literacy survey tool for use in Asia.
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Duong VT, Lin IF, Sorensen K, Pelikan JM, Van Den Broucke S, Lin YC, Chang PW. Health Literacy in Taiwan: A Population-Based Study. Asia Pac J Public Health 2015; 27:871-80. [PMID: 26419635 DOI: 10.1177/1010539515607962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Data on health literacy (HL) in the population is limited for Asian countries. This study aimed to test the validity of the Mandarin version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q) for use in the general public in Taiwan. Multistage stratification random sampling resulted in a sample of 2989 people aged 15 years and above. The HLS-EU-Q was validated by confirmatory factor analysis with excellent model data fit indices. The general HL of the Taiwanese population was 34.4 ± 6.6 on a scale of 50. Multivariate regression analysis showed that higher general HL is significantly associated with the higher ability to pay for medication, higher self-perceived social status, higher frequency of watching health-related TV, and community involvement but associated with younger age. HL is also associated with health status, health behaviors, and health care accessibility and use. The HLS-EU-Q was found to be a useful tool to assess HL and its associated factors in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I-Feng Lin
- National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Ying-Chin Lin
- Taipei Medial University-Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Peter Wushou Chang
- Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
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34
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Shen M, Hu M, Liu S, Chang Y, Sun Z. Assessment of the Chinese Resident Health Literacy Scale in a population-based sample in South China. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:637. [PMID: 26163383 PMCID: PMC4498512 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1958-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A national health literacy scale was developed in China in 2012, though no studies have validated it. In this investigation, we assessed the reliability, construct validity, and measurement invariance of that scale. Methods A population-based sample of 3731 participants in Hunan Province was used to validate the Chinese Resident Health Literacy Scale based on item response theory and classical test theory (including split-half coefficient, Cronbach’s alpha, and confirmatory factor analysis). Measurement invariance was examined by differential item functioning. Results The overall Cronbach’s alpha of the scale was 0.95 and Spearman-Brown coefficient 0.94. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the test measured a unidimensional construct with three highly correlated factors. Highest discrimination was found among participants with limited to moderate health literacy. In all, 64 items were selected from the original scale based on factor loading, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and discrimination and difficulty parameters in item response theory. Measurement invariance was significant but slight. According to the two-level linear model, health literacy was associated with education level, occupation, and income. Conclusions The 2012 national health literacy scale was validated, and 64 items were selected based on classical test theory and item response theory. The revised version of the scale has strong psychometric properties with minor measurement invariance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxue Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China. .,Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, K1G 8L6, ON, Canada.
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Siyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Yan Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhenqiu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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35
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Wang W, Hou Y, Hu N, Zhang D, Tao J, Man Y, Wang A, Li L, Bi Y. A cross-sectional study on health-related knowledge and its predictors among Chinese vocational college students. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e005182. [PMID: 25311037 PMCID: PMC4194799 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to examine the level of health-related knowledge and its predictors among vocational college students in China. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS A survey was performed to collect data on heath-related knowledge and potential risk factors among 708 students in four higher vocational colleges at Nanyang, Henan, China. Linear regression models were conducted to identify the predictors of the level of health-related knowledge. RESULTS The level of health-related knowledge among Chinese vocational college students is extremely low (only 1.4% students have an adequate level of health-related knowledge). According to the multivariate analysis, major, year of class, place of origin and a mother's education level are significantly associated with health-related knowledge in Chinese vocational college students. CONCLUSIONS Health education and health promotion efforts are encouraged to improve the level of health-related knowledge in this population. Attention and efforts to improve health-related knowledge of Chinese vocational college students who come from rural areas, whose mothers have a lower level of education, who are in non-medicine majors and during the first few years of vocational college is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Wang
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, China
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, China
| | - Yanli Hou
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, China
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, China
| | | | - Junliang Tao
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, China
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, China
| | - Yonghong Man
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, China
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, China
| | - Aimei Wang
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, China
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, China
| | - Ling Li
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, China
- Nanyang Medical College, Nanyang, China
| | - Yongyi Bi
- Wuhan University School of Public Health, Wuhan, China
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