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Chmielewska A, Renigier-Biłozor M, Janowski A. Representative Residential Property Model-Soft Computing Solution. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15114. [PMID: 36429830 PMCID: PMC9690382 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Residential properties are a major component of the environment and economy and a key element for the quality of human life. Faced with disruptive ideological and technological changes in the world, real estate analysis has also become a key research problem for many academic centers and private institutions. Due to the complex nature of properties, they are one of the most difficult and troublesome subjects of analysis. Given the rapid advancements in competitive automated analytical models, the problem of data representative sample selection may prove to be a very wide-reaching subject. The aim of this paper was the assessment of the particular soft computing methods' (e.g., Self-Organizing Maps, Rough Set Theory) usefulness for selecting a representative property model. The obtained results confirm that the use of these methods leads to the creation of a model that enables a more reality-based view of the uncertainty and imprecise residential environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Chmielewska
- Institute of Spatial Management and Geography, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Renigier-Biłozor
- Institute of Spatial Management and Geography, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Artur Janowski
- Institute of Geodesy and Civil Engineering, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Hessock M, Brewer T, Hutson S, Anderson J. Use of a Standardized Tool to Identify Women at Risk for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian. Nurs Womens Health 2021; 25:187-97. [PMID: 33933425 DOI: 10.1016/j.nwh.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To increase rates of identification and genetic counseling referral for women at risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). DESIGN Evidence-based practice improvement initiative. SETTING/LOCAL PROBLEM Private suburban obstetric and gynecologic (OB/GYN) practice in Tennessee with no standardized process for HBOC risk assessment or referral to genetic services. PARTICIPANTS Provider-led women's health care teams delivering well-woman care for women ages 18 years and older. INTERVENTION/MEASUREMENTS We implemented the use of a standardized familial risk assessment tool and clinical decision-making algorithm. Preimplementation and postimplementation risk identification and genetic services referral rates were measured, as was clinicians' compliance with using the risk assessment tool. The aim of the initiative was to increase identification and referral rates by 25 percentage points. RESULTS Women at risk of HBOC in the postimplementation group were 25.9 times more likely to be identified as being at risk (OR = 25.88, 95% confidence interval [10.78, 62.14]) and 31.5 times more likely to be offered referral to genetic counseling (OR = 31.50, 95% CI [13.37, 74.22]) compared with those in the preimplementation group. Rates of risk identification and referral to genetic counseling for women at risk of HBOC improved by 58.2 and 69.3 percentage points, respectively, surpassing the aims of this initiative and showing statistical significance of p < .001 for both indices. CONCLUSION The use of a standardized risk assessment tool and process for HBOC risk identification and genetic referral resulted in a significant increase in the identification and referral of women at risk in this setting. Early identification of women with HBOC is a crucial first step in increasing the use of enhanced screening and interventions that can reduce HBOC-associated cancer morbidity and mortality.
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Staby L, Bugge K, Falbe-Hansen RG, Salladini E, Skriver K, Kragelund BB. Connecting the αα-hubs: same fold, disordered ligands, new functions. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:2. [PMID: 33407551 PMCID: PMC7788954 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00686-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Signal fidelity depends on protein–protein interaction–‘hubs’ integrating cues from large interactomes. Recently, and based on a common secondary structure motif, the αα-hubs were defined, which are small α-helical domains of large, modular proteins binding intrinsically disordered transcriptional regulators.
Methods Comparative structural biology. Results We assign the harmonin-homology-domain (HHD, also named the harmonin N-terminal domain, NTD) present in large proteins such as harmonin, whirlin, cerebral cavernous malformation 2, and regulator of telomere elongation 1 to the αα-hubs. The new member of the αα-hubs expands functionality to include scaffolding of supra-modular complexes mediating sensory perception, neurovascular integrity and telomere regulation, and reveal novel features of the αα-hubs. As a common trait, the αα-hubs bind intrinsically disordered ligands of similar properties integrating similar cellular cues, but without cross-talk. Conclusion The inclusion of the HHD in the αα-hubs has uncovered new features, exemplifying the utility of identifying groups of hub domains, whereby discoveries in one member may cross-fertilize discoveries in others. These features make the αα-hubs unique models for decomposing signal specificity and fidelity. Using these as models, together with other suitable hub domain, we may advance the functional understanding of hub proteins and their role in cellular communication and signaling, as well as the role of intrinsically disordered proteins in signaling networks. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Staby
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine Bugge
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Edoardo Salladini
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karen Skriver
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Birthe B Kragelund
- REPIN, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Ouergui I, Messaoudi H, Chtourou H, Wagner MO, Bouassida A, Bouhlel E, Franchini E, Engel FA. Repeated Sprint Training vs. Repeated High-Intensity Technique Training in Adolescent Taekwondo Athletes-A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17124506. [PMID: 32585907 PMCID: PMC7345419 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of 4-weeks repeated sprint (RST) vs. repeated high-intensity-technique training (RTT) on physical performance. Thirty-six adolescent taekwondo athletes (age: 16 ± 1 yrs) were randomly assigned to RST (10 × 35 m sprint, 10 s rest), RTT (10 × 6 s Bandal-tchagui, 10 s rest) and control (control group (CG): no additional training) groups. Additionally, to their regular training, RST and RTT trained 2×/week for 4 weeks. Training load (TL), monotony, and strain were calculated using the rating of perceived exertion scale. The progressive specific taekwondo (PSTT), 20 m multistage shuttle run (SRT20m), 5 m shuttle run, agility T-test, taekwondo-specific agility (TSAT) and countermovement jump (CMJ) tests were performed before and after 4 weeks of training. Additionally, taekwondo athletes performed specific taekwondo exercises (i.e., repeated techniques for 10 s and 1 min). From week 1, mean TL increased continuously to week 4 and monotony and strain were higher at weeks 3 and 4 (p < 0.001). VO2max calculated from SRT20m and PSTT increased for RST and RTT in comparison to CG (p < 0.001). Agility performance during T-test and TSAT (p < 0.01) improved in RTT. The number of performed techniques during the 10 s specific exercise increased in RTT and RST (p < 0.01) for the dominant leg and in RTT for the non-dominant leg (p < 0.01). The number of techniques during the 1 min specific exercise was higher in RST and RTT compared to CG for the dominant leg (p < 0.001). Delta lactate at post-training was lower for RTT for both legs compared to RST and CG (p < 0.01). It is important to include a low-volume high-intensity training based on repeated sprint running or repeated technique in the training programs of adolescent taekwondo athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Ouergui
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Boulifa University Campus, Kef 7100, Tunisia; (I.O.); (H.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Hamdi Messaoudi
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Boulifa University Campus, Kef 7100, Tunisia; (I.O.); (H.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Institut Supérieur du Sport et de l’Education Physique de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisie;
- Activité Physique, Sport et Santé, UR18JS01, Observatoire National du Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisie
| | | | - Anissa Bouassida
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Boulifa University Campus, Kef 7100, Tunisia; (I.O.); (H.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Ezdine Bouhlel
- Laboratory of Cardio-Circulatory, Respiratory, Metabolic and Hormonal Adaptations to Muscular Exercise, Faculty of Medicine, Ibn El Jazzar, Sousse 4000, Tunisia;
| | - Emerson Franchini
- Martial Arts and Combat Sports Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, 05508-030 São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Florian A. Engel
- Department of Sport Science, Bundeswehr University Munich, 85579 Neubiberg, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-6004-3282
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Neo PSH, Tinker J, McNaughton N. Goal-Conflict EEG Theta and Biased Economic Decisions: A Role for a Second Negative Motivation System. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:342. [PMID: 32351359 PMCID: PMC7174654 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Economic decision biases can reflect emotion and emotion dysfunction. Economic paradigms thus provide a solid framework for analysis of brain processes related to emotion and its disorders. Importantly for economic decisions, goal-conflict activates different negative motivational processes than pure loss; generating negative decision biases linked to anxiety and fear, respectively. Previously, right frontal goal-conflict specific EEG rhythmicity (GCSR) was shown to reflect anxiety processing. Here, we assessed GCSR in a forced-choice, economic decision-making task. Ninety participants were tested in three key conditions where gain:loss ratios of left mouse clicks were set to 75:25 (GAIN), 50:50 (CONFLICT) and 25:75 (LOSS). Right clicks produced no monetary consequences and skipped the current trial. The participants were not told the different conditions but could learn about them by associating the background stimulus color with the specific payoff. Goal-conflict was defined as the mathematical contrast of activity in CONFLICT minus the average of that in GAIN and LOSS. Replicating previous findings with somewhat different conditions, right frontal GCSR was detected. Importantly, greater right frontal GCSR significantly predicted a preference for economic safety in CONFLICT but not in GAIN or LOSS; but did not predict trait anxiety or neuroticism. We conclude that goal-conflict has unique neuroeconomics effects on choice biases; and that these reflect anxiety processing that is not effectively captured by trait anxiety or neuroticism.
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Asher BlackDeer A, Patterson Silver Wolf DA. Evidence Mapping: Interventions for American Indian and Alaska Native Youth Mental Health. J Evid Based Soc Work (2019) 2020; 17:49-62. [PMID: 33459197 DOI: 10.1080/26408066.2019.1624237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background: Suicide is the second leading cause of death for Native youth aged 15-24. Similarly, Native youth have a suicide rate 1.5 times higher than the general population and are at higher risk for depression and substance use. A persistent need remains for culturally specific mental health interventions for American Indian youth.Methods: In response to the push for research-supported interventions, evidence mapping has emerged as systematic, rigorous, and replicable analysis of evidence. The overall goal of this study is to utilize evidence mapping for mental health interventions for American Indian youth.Results: A total of 9 interventions were mapped as research-supported interventions for American Indian mental health. The interventions fell into one or more of four main categories: school-based services, cultural adaptations, culture as treatment, and community involvement.Discussion: Results of this study demonstrate the strength of culturally specific mental health interventions for American Indian youth. Future research should seek to evaluate promising practices for American Indian youth in order to increase available research-supported interventions. Additionally, future endeavors should seek to combine both Indigenous and Western approaches to practice with a particular focus on holistic wellness.
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Abstract
Trait impulsivity is an increasingly relevant topic for human and non-human animal personality research. There are similarities in dog and human manifestations of trait impulsivity at the behavioural, genetic, and neurobiological level. We investigated a well-validated measure of dog impulsivity and responsivity (the Dog Impulsivity Assessment Scale, DIAS) and a neuropsychological theory of human trait approach and avoidance (the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory of personality, RST). Owners reported their dogs' dispositional behaviour on the DIAS, an RST scale modified to describe dogs' behaviour, and a list of common dog behaviour problems. In a sample of 730 dogs, we observed convergence between the RST and the DIAS. There was a negative correlation between RST 'Behaviour Inhibition System' and DIAS impulsivity factor ('Behavioural Regulation'). RST 'Behavioural Approach System' correlated positively with DIAS 'Responsiveness'. The RST 'Fight-Flight-Freeze System' (FFFS) and the DIAS 'Aggression and response to novelty factor were both distinct from other factors. However, the DIAS 'Aggression and response to novelty' factor and the RST FFFS explained different aspects of dog behaviour problems. Importantly, whilst the DIAS factors indicated tendencies towards avoidant behaviours, the FFFS discriminated between active and passive avoidance. The findings suggest a partial overlapping between the DIAS and RST scales, and highlights the utility of personality models in investigating behaviour problems in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Piotti
- Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, King Henry 1st Street Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK.
| | - Liam Paul Satchell
- Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, King Henry 1st Street Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK
| | - Tom Steven Lockhart
- Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, King Henry Building, King Henry 1st Street Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK
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Tossavainen H, Hellman M, Vainonen JP, Kangasjärvi J, Permi P. 1H, 13C and 15N NMR chemical shift assignments of A. thaliana RCD1 RST. Biomol NMR Assign 2017; 11:207-210. [PMID: 28593560 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-017-9749-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The A. thaliana RCD1 (radical-induced cell death1) protein is a cellular signaling hub protein which interacts with numerous plant transcription factors from different families. It consists of three conserved domains and intervening unstructured regions, the C-terminal RST domain being responsible for the interactions with the transcription factors. It has been shown that many partner proteins interact with RCD1 RST via their intrinsically disordered regions, and that the domain is able to house partners with divergent folds. We aim to structurally characterize the RCD1 RST domain and its complexes [complex with DREB2A]. Here we report the 1H, 15N and 13C chemical shift assignments of the backbone and sidechain atoms for RCD1 (468-589) containing the RST (510-567) domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Tossavainen
- Program in Structural Biology and Biophysics, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maarit Hellman
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Julia P Vainonen
- Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kangasjärvi
- Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biosciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Perttu Permi
- Program in Structural Biology and Biophysics, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.
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Derefinko KJ, Eisenlohr-Moul TA, Peters JR, Roberts W, Walsh EC, Milich R, Lynam DR. Physiological response to reward and extinction predicts alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use two years later. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 163 Suppl 1:S29-36. [PMID: 27306728 PMCID: PMC5399675 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physiological responses to reward and extinction are believed to represent the behavioral activation system (BAS) and behavioral inhibition system (BIS) constructs of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory and underlie externalizing behaviors, including substance use. However, little research has examined these relations directly. METHODS We assessed individuals' cardiac pre-ejection periods (PEP) and electrodermal responses (EDR) during reward and extinction trials through the "number elimination game" paradigm. Responses represented BAS and BIS, respectively. We then examined whether these responses provided incremental utility in the prediction of future alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use. RESULTS Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression models were used to examine the predictive utility of physiological BAS and BIS responses above and beyond previous substance use. Physiological responses accounted for incremental variance over previous use. Low BAS responses during reward predicted frequency of alcohol use at year 3. Low BAS responses during reward and extinction and high BIS responses during extinction predicted frequency of marijuana use at year 3. For cigarette use, low BAS response during extinction predicted use at year 3. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the constructs of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, as assessed through physiology, contribute to the longitudinal maintenance of substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Derefinko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Center for Population Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 66 North Pauline Street, Suite 462, Memphis, TN 38163-2181, United States.
| | - Tory A Eisenlohr-Moul
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 101 Manning Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States
| | - Jessica R Peters
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 115 Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Walter Roberts
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 115 Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, United States
| | - Erin C Walsh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 7200, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7200, United States
| | - Richard Milich
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 115 Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, United States
| | - Donald R Lynam
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 703 Third Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2081, United States
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He D, Duan C, Chen J, Lai L, Chen J, Chen D. The safety and efficacy of the preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with cervical cancer: a systematic review and meta analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:14693-14700. [PMID: 26628951 PMCID: PMC4658840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with cervical cancer. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. Studies comparing combined neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment (NACT)/radical surgery treatment (RST) with RST alone in patients with cervical cancer were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Eight studies were finally included in this meta analysis, involving a total of 1302 patients. Meta analysis shows that NACT might have lower lymph node metastasis than RST [OR=0.57, 95% CI (0.41, 0.79), P=0.0008]. However, there are no differentiation between two groups in operation time [SMD=0.16, 95% CI (-0.08, 0.48), P=0.19], intraoperative estimated blood loss [SMD=0.20, 95% CI (-0.19, 0.58), P=0.48], intraoperative and postoperative complication rates [OR=1.33, 95% CI (0.45, 3.92), P=0.60], overall survival rate [OR=1.07, 95% CI (0.48, 2.41), P=0.86] and recurrence rate [OR=1.06, 95% CI (0.56, 2.03), P=0.85]. CONCLUSIONS The safety and efficacy of two treatments are similarly. However, NACT can reduce the rate of lymph node metastasis, which is an independent risk factor for cervical cancer prognosis and may improve the prognosis of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du He
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chunyan Duan
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lin Lai
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiaquan Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dian Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture Enshi, Hubei Province, China
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Weishaupt N, Hurd C, Wei DZ, Fouad K. Reticulospinal plasticity after cervical spinal cord injury in the rat involves withdrawal of projections below the injury. Exp Neurol 2013; 247:241-9. [PMID: 23684634 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Restoring voluntary fine motor control of the arm and hand is one of the main goals following cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). Although the functional improvement achievable with rehabilitative training in rat models is frequently accompanied by corticospinal tract (CST) plasticity, CST rewiring alone seems insufficient to account for the observed recovery. Recent investigations in animal models of SCI have suggested that the reticulospinal tract (RtST) might contribute to mediating improved motor performance of the forelimb. Here we investigate whether the spared RtST can compensate for the loss of CST input and whether RtST projections rearrange in response to cervical SCI. Animals underwent unilateral ablation of the dorsal CST and rubrospinal tract at spinal level C4, while the ventral RtST projections were spared. At the end of the six-week recovery period, injured animals had made significant improvements in single pellet reaching. This was not accompanied by increased sprouting of the injured CST above the injury compared to uninjured control animals. Injury-induced changes in RtST fiber density within the gray matter, as well as in the number of RtST collaterals entering the gray matter or crossing the cord midline were minor above the injury. However, all analyses directly below the injured spinal level consistently point to a significant decrease of RtST projections. The mechanism and the functional relevance behind this new finding warrant further study. Our results also suggest that mechanisms other than anatomical plasticity, such as plastic changes on a cellular level, might be responsible for the observed spontaneous recovery.
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Jaspers P, Brosché M, Overmyer K, Kangasjärvi J. The transcription factor interacting protein RCD1 contains a novel conserved domain. Plant Signal Behav 2010; 5:78-80. [PMID: 20592818 PMCID: PMC2835967 DOI: 10.4161/psb.5.1.10293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The RCD1 protein is a regulator of both developmental and stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana and it interacts with several transcription factors. Its closest homolog, SRO1, seems to be dispensable for proper plant responses but the hardly viable phenotype of the rcd1 sro1 double mutant reveals that it encodes a functional protein that can partially compensate for the loss of RCD1 in the single rcd1 mutant. Both RCD1 and SRO1 contain a WWE domain, the catalytic core of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases and a novel conserved domain termed RST which is also found in the transcription initiation complex component TAF4. Here we summarize recent findings on the protein-protein interactions mediated by RCD1 and highlight the different functional possibilities that form the basis of our future experiments concerning the biochemical function of RCD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinja Jaspers
- Plant Biology, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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