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Shapiro IM, Risbud MV, Landis WJ. Toward understanding the cellular control of vertebrate mineralization: The potential role of mitochondria. Bone 2024; 185:117112. [PMID: 38697384 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This review examines the possible role of mitochondria in maintaining calcium and phosphate ion homeostasis and participating in the mineralization of bone, cartilage and other vertebrate hard tissues. The paper builds on the known structural features of mitochondria and the documented observations in these tissues that the organelles contain calcium phosphate granules. Such deposits in mitochondria putatively form to buffer excessively high cytosolic calcium ion concentrations and prevent metabolic deficits and even cell death. While mitochondria protect cytosolic enzyme systems through this buffering capacity, the accumulation of calcium ions by mitochondria promotes the activity of enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA/Krebs) cycle, increases oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis, and leads to changes in intramitochondrial pH. These pH alterations influence ion solubility and possibly the transitions and composition in the mineral phase structure of the granules. Based on these considerations, mitochondria are proposed to support the mineralization process by providing a mobile store of calcium and phosphate ions, in smaller cluster or larger granule form, while maintaining critical cellular activities. The rise in the mitochondrial calcium level also increases the generation of citrate and other TCA cycle intermediates that contribute to cell function and the development of extracellular mineral. This paper suggests that another key role of the mitochondrion, along with the effects just noted, is to supply phosphate ions, derived from the breakdown of ATP, to endolysosomes and autophagic vesicles originating in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi and at the plasma membrane. These many separate but interdependent mitochondrial functions emphasize the critical importance of this organelle in the cellular control of vertebrate mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irving M Shapiro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - William J Landis
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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2
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Avramenko M, Nakashima K, Takano C, Kawasaki S. Ecofriendly solidification of sand using microbially induced calcium phosphate precipitation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12412. [PMID: 38816387 PMCID: PMC11139996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
This study introduces microbiologically induced calcium phosphate precipitation (MICPP) as a novel and environmentally sustainable method of soil stabilization. Using Limosilactobacillus sp., especially NBRC 14511 and fish bone solution (FBS) extracted from Tuna fish bones, the study was aimed at testing the feasibility of calcium phosphate compounds (CPCs) deposition and sand stabilization. Dynamic changes in pH and calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration during the precipitation experiments affected the precipitation and sequential conversion of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) to hydroxyapatite (HAp), which was confirmed by XRD and SEM analysis. Sand solidification experiments demonstrated improvements in unconfined compressive strength (UCS), especially at higher Urea/Ca2+ ratios. The UCS values obtained were 10.35 MPa at a ratio of 2.0, 3.34 MPa at a ratio of 1.0, and 0.43 MPa at a ratio of 0.5, highlighting the advantages of MICPP over traditional methods. Microstructural analysis further clarified the mineral composition, demonstrating the potential of MICPP in environmentally friendly soil engineering. The study highlights the promise of MICPP for sustainable soil stabilization, offering improved mechanical properties and reducing environmental impact, paving the way for novel geotechnical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksym Avramenko
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | | | - Chikara Takano
- Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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3
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Yu HP, Zhu YJ. Guidelines derived from biomineralized tissues for design and construction of high-performance biomimetic materials: from weak to strong. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:4490-4606. [PMID: 38502087 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00513a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Living organisms in nature have undergone continuous evolution over billions of years, resulting in the formation of high-performance fracture-resistant biomineralized tissues such as bones and teeth to fulfill mechanical and biological functions, despite the fact that most inorganic biominerals that constitute biomineralized tissues are weak and brittle. During the long-period evolution process, nature has evolved a number of highly effective and smart strategies to design chemical compositions and structures of biomineralized tissues to enable superior properties and to adapt to surrounding environments. Most biomineralized tissues have hierarchically ordered structures consisting of very small building blocks on the nanometer scale (nanoparticles, nanofibers or nanoflakes) to reduce the inherent weaknesses and brittleness of corresponding inorganic biominerals, to prevent crack initiation and propagation, and to allow high defect tolerance. The bioinspired principles derived from biomineralized tissues are indispensable for designing and constructing high-performance biomimetic materials. In recent years, a large number of high-performance biomimetic materials have been prepared based on these bioinspired principles with a large volume of literature covering this topic. Therefore, a timely and comprehensive review on this hot topic is highly important and contributes to the future development of this rapidly evolving research field. This review article aims to be comprehensive, authoritative, and critical with wide general interest to the science community, summarizing recent advances in revealing the formation processes, composition, and structures of biomineralized tissues, providing in-depth insights into guidelines derived from biomineralized tissues for the design and construction of high-performance biomimetic materials, and discussing recent progress, current research trends, key problems, future main research directions and challenges, and future perspectives in this exciting and rapidly evolving research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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4
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Shehata TP, Krap T. An overview of the heat-induced changes of the chemical composition of bone from fresh to calcined. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:1039-1053. [PMID: 38270608 PMCID: PMC11004044 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-024-03160-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
When bone is exposed to thermal stress, the chemical composition changes. This affects bone tissue regeneration after surgery, and these changes can also aid in reconstructing ante-, peri-, and post-mortem events in forensic investigations and past activities on cremation practices in archaeology. However, to date, no complete overview exists on the chemical composition of both fresh and thermally altered bone. Therefore, we aimed (i) to present the chemical composition of fresh bone and (ii) to present an overview of heat-induced chemical changes in bone under both reducing and oxidizing conditions. From the overview, it became clear that some chemical changes occur at a consistent temperature, independent of exposure duration, meaning there is a temperature threshold. However, the occurrence of other chemical changes appeared to be more inter-experimentally variable, and therefore, it is recommended to further investigate these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Shehata
- University of Amsterdam, Spui 21, 1012 WX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tristan Krap
- Department of Medical Biology, Section Anatomy & Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam Medical Centre, Location Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Maastricht University, Minderbroedersweg 4-6, 6211 LK, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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5
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Lin YZ, Chen QQ, Qiu YF, Xie RR, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Li JB, Han YH. Spartina alterniflora invasion altered phosphorus retention and microbial phosphate solubilization of the Minjiang estuary wetland in southeastern China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120817. [PMID: 38593740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Spartina alterniflora invasion is considered a critical event affecting sediment phosphorus (P) availability and stock. However, P retention and microbial phosphate solubilization in the sediments invaded with or without S. alterniflora have not been fully investigated. In this study, a sequential fractionation method and high-throughput sequencing were used to analyze P transformation and the underlying microbial mechanisms in the sediments of no plant (NP) zone, transition (T) zone, and plant (P) zone. Results showed that except for organic phosphate (OP), total phosphate (TP), inorganic phosphate (IP), and available phosphate (AP) all followed a significant decrease trend from the NP site to the T site, and to the P site. The vertical decrease of TP, IP, and AP was also observed with an increase in soil depth. Among the six IP fractions, Fe-P, Oc-P, and Ca10-P were the predominant forms, while the presence of S. alterniflora resulted in an obvious P depletion except for Ca8-P and Al-P. Although S. alterniflora invasion did not significantly alter the alpha diversity of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) harboring phoD gene, several PSB belonging to p_Proteobacteria, p_Planctomycetes, and p_Cyanobacteriota showed close correlations with P speciation and IP fractions. Further correlation analysis revealed that the reduced soil pH, soil TN and soil EC, and the increased soil TOC mediated by the invasion of S. alterniflora also significantly correlated to these PSB. Overall, this study elucidates the linkage between PSB and P speciation and provides new insights into understanding P retention and microbial P transformation in the coastal sediment invaded by S. alterniflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Zhen Lin
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China
| | - Qi-Qi Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China
| | - Yi-Fan Qiu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China; College of Carbon Neutral Modem Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China
| | - Rong-Rong Xie
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China
| | - Jia-Bing Li
- College of Carbon Neutral Modem Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China.
| | - Yong-He Han
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, Fujian, China.
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Steinacker VC, Renner T, Holzmeister I, Gubik S, Müller-Richter U, Breitenbücher N, Fuchs A, Straub A, Scheurer M, Kübler AC, Gbureck U. Biological and Mechanical Performance of Dual-Setting Brushite-Silica Gel Cements. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:108. [PMID: 38667565 PMCID: PMC11051121 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects resulting from trauma, diseases, or surgical procedures pose significant challenges in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The development of effective bone substitute materials that promote bone healing and regeneration is crucial for successful clinical outcomes. Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have emerged as promising candidates for bone replacement due to their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and ability to integrate with host tissues. However, there is a continuous demand for further improvements in the mechanical properties, biodegradability, and bioactivity of these materials. Dual setting of cements is one way to improve the performance of CPCs. Therefore, silicate matrices can be incorporated in these cements. Silicate-based materials have shown great potential in various biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. In the context of bone regeneration, silicate matrices offer unique advantages such as improved mechanical stability, controlled release of bioactive ions, and enhanced cellular responses. Comprehensive assessments of both the material properties and biological responses of our samples were conducted. Cytocompatibility was assessed through in vitro testing using osteoblastic (MG-63) and osteoclastic (RAW 264.7) cell lines. Cell activity on the surfaces was quantified, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to capture images of the RAW cells. In our study, incorporation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in dual-curing cements significantly enhanced physical properties, attributed to increased crosslinking density and reduced pore size. Higher alkoxysilyl group concentration improved biocompatibility by facilitating greater crosslinking. Additionally, our findings suggest citrate's potential as an alternative retarder due to its positive interaction with the silicate matrix, offering insights for future dental material research. This paper aims to provide an overview of the importance of silicate matrices as modifiers for calcium phosphate cements, focusing on their impact on the mechanical properties, setting behaviour, and biocompatibility of the resulting composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin C. Steinacker
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Renner
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ib Holzmeister
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Gubik
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Urs Müller-Richter
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Niko Breitenbücher
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Fuchs
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anton Straub
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mario Scheurer
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial-Surgery, German Armed Forces Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander C. Kübler
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Alambiaga-Caravaca AM, Chou YF, Moreno D, Aparicio C, López-Castellano A, Feitosa VP, Tezvergil-Mutluay A, Sauro S. Characterisation of experimental flowable composites containing fluoride-doped calcium phosphates as promising remineralising materials. J Dent 2024; 143:104906. [PMID: 38428715 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Remineralising composites with antibacterial properties may seal the cavity and prevent secondary caries. This study aimed at developing experimental flowable composites containing different concentrations of fluoride-doped calcium phosphate fillers and evaluating their remineralising and antibacterial properties. METHODS Experimental resin-based composites containing different concentrations (0-20 %) of fluoride-doped calcium phosphate fillers (VS10/VS20) were formulated. The release of calcium (Ca), phosphate (PO) and fluoride (F) ions was assessed for 30 days. Remineralisation properties were evaluated through ATR-FTIR and SEM/EDX after storage in simulated body fluid (SBF). The metabolic activity and viability of Streptococcus gordonii was also evaluated through ATP, CFU and live/dead confocal microscopy. The evaluation of specific monomer elution from the experimental composites was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS The composites containing VS10 showed the highest release of Ca, those containing VS20 released more F over time (p < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in terms of PO ions release between the groups (p > 0.05). A quick 7-day mineral precipitation was observed in the tested composites containing VS10 or VS20 at 10 %; these materials also showed the greatest antibacterial activity (p < 0.05). Moreover, the tested composites containing VS10 presented the lowest elution of monomers (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Innovative composites were developed with low monomers elution, evident antibacterial activity against S. gordonii and important remineralisation properties due to specific ions release. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Novel composites containing fluoride-doped calcium phosphates may be promising to modulate bacteria growth, promote remineralisation and reduce the risk of cytotoxicity related to monomers' elution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián M Alambiaga-Caravaca
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain; Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Tissue Engineering Research Group, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Yu Fu Chou
- Department of Dentistry (Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry), Faculty of Health Sciences, Univeristy CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia 46115, Spain
| | - Daniel Moreno
- Division of Research, Faculty of Odontology, UIC Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Conrado Aparicio
- Division of Research, Faculty of Odontology, UIC Barcelona - Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; IBEC-Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alicia López-Castellano
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Arzu Tezvergil-Mutluay
- Adhesive Dentistry Research Group, Institute of Dentistry, and TYKS University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Department of Dentistry (Dental Biomaterials and Minimally Invasive Dentistry), Faculty of Health Sciences, Univeristy CEU Cardenal Herrera, CEU Universities, Alfara del Patriarca, Valencia 46115, Spain.
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8
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da Silva RAA, Trinca RB, Vilela HS, Braga RR. Composite Containing Calcium Phosphate Particles Functionalized with 10-MDP. J Dent Res 2024; 103:427-433. [PMID: 38284313 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231225459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The phosphate ester monomer 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) is capable of bonding to hydroxyapatite and, for this reason, is a key component of several self-etch adhesives. In this study, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate particles (DCPD; CaHPO4.2H2O) were functionalized with 10-MDP and used to formulate an experimental composite with 50 vol% inorganic content (3:1 DCPD:silanated barium glass ratio) dispersed in a BisGMA/TEGDMA matrix. The tested hypothesis was that DCPD functionalization would improve the composite's mechanical performance without compromising Ca2+ release. Composites containing nonfunctionalized DCPD or only reinforcing glass (in both cases, with or without 10-MDP mixed in the resin phase) were used as controls. Materials were tested for degree of conversion (DC; by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), water sorption (WS) and solubility (SL; according to ISO 4049), biaxial flexural strength (BFS)/modulus (FM) after 24 h and 5 mo in water, and 28-d Ca2+ release in water (by plasma-coupled optical emission spectroscopy). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance/Tukey test (alpha: 5%). DCPD functionalization did not interfere with DC. The composite containing functionalized DCPD showed significantly lower WS and SL in comparison with the material formulated with nonfunctionalized particles. The presence of 10-MDP (as a functionalizing agent or dispersed in the resin phase) reduced the composite's initial BFS and FM. After 5 mo in water, the composite with functionalized DCPD and both glass-only composites were able to maintain their mechanical properties at levels statistically similar to what was observed after 24 h. Ca2+ release was significantly reduced in both formulations containing 10-MDP. In conclusion, DCPD functionalization with 10-MDP increased the composite's resistance to hydrolytic degradation, improving its mechanical stability after prolonged water storage. However, the impaired water transit at the particle-matrix interface led to a reduction in Ca2+ release.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A A da Silva
- School of Dentistry, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R B Trinca
- School of Dentistry, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H S Vilela
- School of Dentistry, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R R Braga
- School of Dentistry, Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Topolska JM, Jagielska A, Motyl S, Kozub-Budzyń GA, Kępa L, Wagner B, Wątor K. Metal leakage from orthodontic appliances chemically alters enamel surface during experimental in vitro simulated treatment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5412. [PMID: 38443566 PMCID: PMC10914722 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56111-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Human enamel is composed mainly of apatite. This mineral of sorption properties is susceptible to chemical changes, which in turn affect its resistance to dissolution. This study aimed to investigate whether metal leakage from orthodontic appliances chemically alters the enamel surface during an in vitro simulated orthodontic treatment. Totally 107 human enamel samples were subjected to the simulation involving metal appliances and cyclic pH fluctuations over a period of 12 months in four complimentary experiments. The average concentrations and distribution of Fe, Cr, Ni, Ti and Cu within the enamel before and after the experiments were examined using ICP‒MS and LA‒ICP‒MS techniques. The samples exposed to the interaction with metal appliances exhibited a significant increase in average Fe, Cr and Ni (Kruskal-Wallis, p < 0.002) content in comparison to the control group. The outer layer, narrow fissures and points of contact with the metal components showed increased concentrations of Fe, Ti, Ni and Cr after simulated treatment, conversely to the enamel sealed with an adhesive system. It has been concluded that metal leakage from orthodontic appliances chemically alters enamel surface and microlesions during experimental in vitro simulated treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna M Topolska
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Agata Jagielska
- Laboratory of Theoretical Aspects of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Motyl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rydygier Hospital, 31-826, Krakow, Poland
| | - Gabriela A Kozub-Budzyń
- Department of Geology of Mineral Deposits and Mining Geology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Luiza Kępa
- Laboratory of Theoretical Aspects of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Wagner
- Laboratory of Theoretical Aspects of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wątor
- Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
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10
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Villa-Bellosta R. Vascular Calcification: A Passive Process That Requires Active Inhibition. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:111. [PMID: 38392329 PMCID: PMC10886409 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The primary cause of worldwide mortality and morbidity stems from complications in the cardiovascular system resulting from accelerated atherosclerosis and arterial stiffening. Frequently, both pathologies are associated with the pathological calcification of cardiovascular structures, present in areas such as cardiac valves or blood vessels (vascular calcification). The accumulation of hydroxyapatite, the predominant form of calcium phosphate crystals, is a distinctive feature of vascular calcification. This phenomenon is commonly observed as a result of aging and is also linked to various diseases such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and several genetic disorders. A substantial body of evidence indicates that vascular calcification involves two primary processes: a passive process and an active process. The physicochemical process of hydroxyapatite formation and deposition (a passive process) is influenced significantly by hyperphosphatemia. However, the active synthesis of calcification inhibitors, including proteins and low-molecular-weight inhibitors such as pyrophosphate, is crucial. Excessive calcification occurs when there is a loss of function in enzymes and transporters responsible for extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism. Current in vivo treatments to prevent calcification involve addressing hyperphosphatemia with phosphate binders and implementing strategies to enhance the availability of pyrophosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Villa-Bellosta
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- The Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesia da Choupana S/N, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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11
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Mishchenko O, Yanovska A, Kosinov O, Maksymov D, Moskalenko R, Ramanavicius A, Pogorielov M. Synthetic Calcium-Phosphate Materials for Bone Grafting. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3822. [PMID: 37765676 PMCID: PMC10536599 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic bone grafting materials play a significant role in various medical applications involving bone regeneration and repair. Their ability to mimic the properties of natural bone and promote the healing process has contributed to their growing relevance. While calcium-phosphates and their composites with various polymers and biopolymers are widely used in clinical and experimental research, the diverse range of available polymer-based materials poses challenges in selecting the most suitable grafts for successful bone repair. This review aims to address the fundamental issues of bone biology and regeneration while providing a clear perspective on the principles guiding the development of synthetic materials. In this study, we delve into the basic principles underlying the creation of synthetic bone composites and explore the mechanisms of formation for biologically important complexes and structures associated with the various constituent parts of these materials. Additionally, we offer comprehensive information on the application of biologically active substances to enhance the properties and bioactivity of synthetic bone grafting materials. By presenting these insights, our review enables a deeper understanding of the regeneration processes facilitated by the application of synthetic bone composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Mishchenko
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Anna Yanovska
- Theoretical and Applied Chemistry Department, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Oleksii Kosinov
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Denys Maksymov
- Department of Surgical and Propaedeutic Dentistry, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26, Prosp. Mayakovskogo, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine; (O.M.); (O.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Roman Moskalenko
- Department of Pathology, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine;
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- NanoTechnas-Center of Nanotechnology and Materials Science, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Maksym Pogorielov
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sumy State University, R-Korsakova Street, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine;
- Institute of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Iela 3, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
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12
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Cao J, Yang S, Liao Y, Wang Y, He J, Xiong C, Shi K, Hu X. Evaluation of polyetheretherketone composites modified by calcium silicate and carbon nanotubes for bone regeneration: mechanical properties, biomineralization and induction of osteoblasts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1271140. [PMID: 37711454 PMCID: PMC10497740 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1271140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Desired orthopedic implant materials must have a good biological activity and possess appropriate mechanical property that correspond to those of human bone. Although polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has displayed a promising application prospect in musculoskeletal and dentistry reconstruction thanks to its non-biodegradability and good biocompatibility in the body, the poor osseointegration and insufficient mechanical strength have significantly limited its application in the repair of load-bearing bones and surgical operations. In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNT)/calcium silicate (CS)/polyetheretherketone ternary composites were fabricated for the first time. The addition of CS was mainly aimed at improving biological activities and surface hydrophilicity, but it inevitably compromised the mechanical strength of PEEK. CNT can reinforce the composites even when brittle CS was introduced and further upgraded the biocompatibility of PEEK. The CNT/CS/PEEK composites exhibited higher mechanical strengths in tensile and bending tests, 64% and 90% higher than those of brittle CS/PEEK binary composites. Besides, after incorporation of CNT and CS into PEEK, the hydrophilicity, surface roughness and ability to induce apatite-layer deposition were significantly enhanced. More importantly, the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryo osteoblasts were effectively promoted on CNT/CS/PEEK composites. In contrast to PEEK, these composites exhibited a more satisfactory biocompatibility and osteoinductive activity. Overall, these results demonstrate that ternary CNT/CS/PEEK composites have the potential to serve as a feasible substitute to conventional metal alloys in musculoskeletal regeneration and orthopedic implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Cao
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuhao Yang
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yijun Liao
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian He
- College of Basic Medical and Forensic Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chengdong Xiong
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Shi
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xulin Hu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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13
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Kuvshinova EA, Petrakova NV, Nikitina YO, Sviridova IK, Akhmedova SA, Kirsanova VA, Karalkin PA, Komlev VS, Sergeeva NS, Kaprin AD. Functionalization of Octacalcium Phosphate Bone Graft with Cisplatin and Zoledronic Acid: Physicochemical and Bioactive Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11633. [PMID: 37511391 PMCID: PMC10380611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bones are the fourth most frequent site of metastasis from malignant tumors, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, melanoma, etc. The bioavailability of bone tissue for chemotherapy drugs is extremely low. This requires a search for new approaches of targeted drug delivery to the tumor growth zone after surgery treatment. The aim of this work was to develop a method for octacalcium phosphate (OCP) bone graft functionalization with the cytostatic drug cisplatin to provide the local release of its therapeutic concentrations into the bone defect. OCP porous ceramic granules (OCP ceramics) were used as a platform for functionalization, and bisphosphonate zoledronic acid was used to mediate the interaction between cisplatin and OCP and enhance their binding strength. The obtained OCP materials were studied using scanning electron and light microscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, atomic emission spectroscopy, and real-time PCR. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed on normal and tumor cell lines and small laboratory animals. The bioactivity of initial OCP ceramics was explored and the efficiency of OCP functionalization with cisplatin, zoledronic acid, and their combination was evaluated. The kinetics of drug release and changes in ceramics properties after functionalization were studied. It was established that zoledronic acid changed the physicochemical and bioactive properties of OCP ceramics and prolonged cisplatin release from the ceramics. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and osteoinductivity, as well as cytostatic and antitumor properties of the obtained materials. The use of OCP ceramics functionalized with a cytostatic via the described method seems to be promising in clinics when primary or metastatic tumors of the bone tissue are removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Kuvshinova
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Branch of FSBI National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Pass. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya V Petrakova
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Leninsky Avenue 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia O Nikitina
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Leninsky Avenue 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina K Sviridova
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Branch of FSBI National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Pass. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Suraja A Akhmedova
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Branch of FSBI National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Pass. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentina A Kirsanova
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Branch of FSBI National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Pass. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel A Karalkin
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Branch of FSBI National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Pass. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
- L.L. Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir S Komlev
- A.A. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS, Leninsky Avenue 49, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia S Sergeeva
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Branch of FSBI National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Pass. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey D Kaprin
- FSBI National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Pass. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklay Str., 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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14
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Gosling SB, Arnold EL, Davies SK, Cross H, Bouybayoune I, Calabrese D, Nallala J, Pinder SE, Fu L, Lips EH, King L, Marks J, Hall A, Grimm LJ, Lynch T, Pinto D, Stobart H, Hwang ES, Wesseling J, Geraki K, Stone N, Lyburn ID, Greenwood C, Rogers KD. Microcalcification crystallography as a potential marker of DCIS recurrence. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9331. [PMID: 37291276 PMCID: PMC10250538 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) accounts for 20-25% of all new breast cancer diagnoses. DCIS has an uncertain risk of progression to invasive breast cancer and a lack of predictive biomarkers may result in relatively high levels (~ 75%) of overtreatment. To identify unique prognostic biomarkers of invasive progression, crystallographic and chemical features of DCIS microcalcifications have been explored. Samples from patients with at least 5-years of follow up and no known recurrence (174 calcifications in 67 patients) or ipsilateral invasive breast cancer recurrence (179 microcalcifications in 57 patients) were studied. Significant differences were noted between the two groups including whitlockite relative mass, hydroxyapatite and whitlockite crystal maturity and, elementally, sodium to calcium ion ratio. A preliminary predictive model for DCIS to invasive cancer progression was developed from these parameters with an AUC of 0.797. These results provide insights into the differing DCIS tissue microenvironments, and how these impact microcalcification formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Gosling
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK.
| | - Emily L Arnold
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, UK
| | | | - Hannah Cross
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Ihssane Bouybayoune
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | | | | | - Sarah E Pinder
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Liping Fu
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther H Lips
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lorraine King
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, UK
| | - Jeffrey Marks
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, UK
| | - Allison Hall
- Department of Pathology, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lars J Grimm
- Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, UK
| | - Thomas Lynch
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, UK
| | | | | | - E Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, UK
| | - Jelle Wesseling
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Divisions of Diagnostic Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kalotina Geraki
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Nicholas Stone
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Iain D Lyburn
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, UK
- Thirlestaine Breast Centre, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, UK
- Cobalt Medical Charity, Cheltenham, UK
| | | | - Keith D Rogers
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, UK.
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15
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Lee J, Casale S, Landoulsi J, Guibert C. Kinetic Study of Calcium Phosphate Mineralisation in Biomimetic Conditions: An Enzymatic Model Approach. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 226:113290. [PMID: 37086685 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Although it has been studied for decades, calcium phosphate (CaP) biomineralisation remains an unclear process involving many possible pathways depending on subtle biological parameters that are hard to mimic. In this work, we explore the catalytic activity of enzymes to direct CaP crystallisation. This idea derives from the remarkable capacity of matrix vesicles (MVs) to control CaP biomineralisation in vivo by involving a variety of proteins, including enzymes. We highlight how the enzymatic control of the release of phosphate ions allows to better steer when and how the minerals form by tuning the enzymatic activity. We also illustrate how this enzymatic control enables the deeper understanding of the role of a crystallisation inhibitor, magnesium ions. Moreover, we propose in this study the original and extensive use of both dynamic (DLS) and static (SLS) light scattering measurements to follow the mineralisation in real-time and to provide kinetic quantitative parameters to describe this phenomenon. The combination of the techniques reveals noticeable differences in terms of nucleation and growth process between the two levers used in this approach: (i) adjusting the time evolution of the supersaturation or (ii) moderating the crystallisation process. This study allowed also to pinpoint specific intermediate structures, rarely seen and difficult to isolate, that differ when magnesium ions are introduced in the mixture.
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16
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Bauer L, Rogina A, Ivanković M, Ivanković H. Medical-Grade Poly(Lactic Acid)/Hydroxyapatite Composite Films: Thermal and In Vitro Degradation Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061512. [PMID: 36987292 PMCID: PMC10059894 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Production of biocompatible composite scaffolds shifts towards additive manufacturing where thermoplastic biodegradable polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) are used as matrices. Differences between industrial- and medical-grade polymers are often overlooked although they may affect properties and degradation behaviour as significantly as the filler addition. In the present research, composite films based on medical-grade PLA and biogenic hydroxyapatite (HAp) with 0, 10, and 20 wt.% of HAp were prepared by solvent casting technique. The degradation of composites incubated in phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) at 37 °C after 10 weeks showed that the higher HAp content slowed down the hydrolytic PLA degradation and improved its thermal stability. Morphological nonuniformity after degradation was indicated by the different glass transition temperatures (Tg) throughout the film. The Tg of the inner part of the sample decreased significantly faster compared with the outer part. The decrease was observed prior to the weight loss of composite samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Bauer
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anamarija Rogina
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marica Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Ivanković
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10001 Zagreb, Croatia
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17
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Shah FA. The many facets of micropetrosis - Magnesium whitlockite deposition in bisphosphonate-exposed human alveolar bone with osteolytic metastasis. Micron 2023; 168:103441. [PMID: 36924676 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2023.103441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The lacuno-canalicular space of apoptotic osteocytes eventually becomes mineralised in vivo. This condition is known as micropetrosis and is a fundamental characteristic of ageing bone. Increased prevalence of such hypermineralised osteocyte lacunae is viewed as a structural marker of impaired bone function - both mechanical and biological. Within the lacuno-canalicular space, mineralised apoptotic debris typically occurs as micrometre-sized, spherical nodules of magnesium-rich, carbonated apatite. Moreover, characteristically facetted, rhomboidal nodules of magnesium whitlockite [Mg-whitlockite; Ca18Mg2(HPO4)2(PO4)12] have been reported in human alveolar bone exposed to the bisphosphonate alendronate. This work provides supporting evidence for Mg-whitlockite formation in the alveolar bone of a 70-year-old male exposed to the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid to suppress osteolytic changes in skeletal metastasis. Backscattered electron scanning electron microscopy (BSE-SEM) revealed spherical and rhomboidal nodules within the lacuno-canalicular space. A variant of spherical nodules exhibited a fuzzy surface layer comprising radially extending acicular crystallites. The rhomboidal nodules ranged between ∼200 nm to ∼2.4 µm across the widest dimension (652 ± 331 nm). Micro-Raman spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed that rhomboidal nodules are compositionally distinct from spherical nodules, exhibiting higher Mg content and lower Ca/P ratio. Formation of Mg-whitlockite within osteocyte lacunae is multifactorial in nature and suggests altered bone biomineralisation. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism(s) and sequence of events remain poorly understood and warrant further investigation. The possibility to discriminate between carbonated apatite and Mg-whitlockite nodules within osteocyte lacunae, based on particle morphology, attests to the diagnostic potential of BSE-SEM with or without additional analyses of material composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furqan A Shah
- Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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18
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Fadeeva IS, Teterina AY, Minaychev VV, Senotov AS, Smirnov IV, Fadeev RS, Smirnova PV, Menukhov VO, Lomovskaya YV, Akatov VS, Barinov SM, Komlev VS. Biomimetic Remineralized Three-Dimensional Collagen Bone Matrices with an Enhanced Osteostimulating Effect. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:biomimetics8010091. [PMID: 36975321 PMCID: PMC10046016 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone grafts with a high potential for osseointegration, capable of providing a complete and effective regeneration of bone tissue, remain an urgent and unresolved issue. The presented work proposes an approach to develop composite biomimetic bone material for reconstructive surgery by deposition (remineralization) on the surface of high-purity, demineralized bone collagen matrix calcium phosphate layers. Histological and elemental analysis have shown reproduction of the bone tissue matrix architectonics, and a high-purity degree of the obtained collagen scaffolds; the cell culture and confocal microscopy have demonstrated a high biocompatibility of the materials obtained. Adsorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, microcomputed tomography (microCT) and infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction have proven the efficiency of the deposition of calcium phosphates on the surface of bone collagen scaffolds. Cell culture and confocal microscopy methods have shown high biocompatibility of both demineralized and remineralized bone matrices. In the model of heterotopic implantation in rats, at the term of seven weeks, an intensive intratrabecular infiltration of calcium phosphate precipitates, and a pronounced synthetic activity of osteoblast remodeling and rebuilding implanted materials, were revealed in remineralized bone collagen matrices in contrast to demineralized ones. Thus, remineralization of highly purified demineralized bone matrices significantly enhanced their osteostimulating ability. The data obtained are of interest for the creation of new highly effective osteoplastic materials for bone tissue regeneration and augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina S. Fadeeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, Moscow 117334, Russia
- Correspondence: (I.S.F.); (A.Y.T.); (V.S.K.)
| | - Anastasia Yu. Teterina
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, Moscow 117334, Russia
- Correspondence: (I.S.F.); (A.Y.T.); (V.S.K.)
| | - Vladislav V. Minaychev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, Moscow 117334, Russia
| | - Anatoliy S. Senotov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Igor V. Smirnov
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, Moscow 117334, Russia
| | - Roman S. Fadeev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Polina V. Smirnova
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, Moscow 117334, Russia
| | - Vladislav O. Menukhov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Yana V. Lomovskaya
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Akatov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Barinov
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, Moscow 117334, Russia
| | - Vladimir S. Komlev
- Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy Prospect 49, Moscow 117334, Russia
- Correspondence: (I.S.F.); (A.Y.T.); (V.S.K.)
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19
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Garskaite E, Balciunas G, Drienovsky M, Sokol D, Sandberg D, Bastos AC, Salak AN. Brushite mineralised Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood - revealing mineral crystallization within a wood matrix by in situ XRD. RSC Adv 2023; 13:5813-5825. [PMID: 36816063 PMCID: PMC9932638 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00305a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (CaHPO4·2H2O, DCPD, brushite) crystals were synthesised within Scots pine sapwood via a wet-chemistry route from aqueous solutions of Ca(CH3COO)2 and NH4H2PO4 salts. SEM/EDS analysis was used to assess the saturation of the wood cell lumina and cell wall as well as morphological features and elemental composition of the co-precipitated mineral. Brushite mineral crystallization and crystallite growth within the wood matrix was studied by in situ XRD. The chemical composition of the mineral before and after the dissolution was evaluated using FTIR spectroscopy. The overall impact of brushite on the thermal behaviour of wood was studied by TGA/DSC and TGA/DTA/MS analysis under oxidative and pyrolytic conditions. Bending and compression strength perpendicular and parallel to the fibre directions as well as bending strengths in longitudinal and transverse directions of the mineralised wood were also evaluated. Results indicate the viability of the wet-chemistry processing route for wood reinforcement with crystalline calcium phosphate (CaP)-based minerals, and imply a potential in producing hybrid bio-based materials that could be attractive in the construction sector as an environmentally friendly building material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edita Garskaite
- Wood Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology Forskargatan 1 SE-931 87 Skellefteå Sweden
| | - Giedrius Balciunas
- Laboratory of Thermal Insulating Materials and Acoustics, Institute of Building Materials, Vilnius Gediminas Technical UniversityLinkmenu g. 28Vilnius LT-08217Lithuania
| | - Marian Drienovsky
- Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in BratislavaUlica Jana Bottu 2781/2591724 TrnavaSlovakia
| | - Denis Sokol
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius UniversityNaugarduko 24Vilnius LT-03225Lithuania
| | - Dick Sandberg
- Wood Science and Engineering, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology Forskargatan 1 SE-931 87 Skellefteå Sweden
| | - Alexandre C. Bastos
- Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering and CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal
| | - Andrei N. Salak
- Department of Materials and Ceramics Engineering and CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal
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20
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Di Pompo G, Liguori A, Carlini M, Avnet S, Boi M, Baldini N, Focarete ML, Bianchi M, Gualandi C, Graziani G. Electrospun fibers coated with nanostructured biomimetic hydroxyapatite: A new platform for regeneration at the bone interfaces. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 144:213231. [PMID: 36495842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reconstruction of gradient organic/inorganic tissues is a challenging task in orthopaedics. Indeed, to mimic tissue characteristics and stimulate bone regeneration at the interface, it is necessary to reproduce both the mineral and organic components of the tissue ECM, as well as the micro/nano-fibrous morphology. To address this goal, we propose here novel biomimetic patches obtained by the combination of electrospinning and nanostructured bone apatite. In particular, we deposited apatite on the electrospun fibers by Ionized Jet Deposition, a plasma-assisted technique that allows conformal deposition and the preservation in the coating of the target's stoichiometry. The damage to the substrate and fibrous morphology is a polymer-dependent aspect, that can be avoided by properly selecting the substrate composition and deposition parameters. In fact, all the tested polymers (poly(l-lactide), poly(D,l-lactide-co-glycolide, poly(ε-caprolactone), collagen) were effectively coated, and the morphological and thermal characterization revealed that poly(ε-caprolactone) suffered the least damage. The coating of collagen fibers, on the other hand, destroyed the fiber morphology and it could only be performed when collagen is blended with a more resistant synthetic polymer in the nanofibers. Due to the biomimetic composition and multiscale morphology from micro to nano, the poly(ε-caprolactone)-collagen biomimetic patches coated with bone apatite supported MSCs adhesion, patch colonization and early differentiation, while allowing optimal viability. The biomimetic coating allowed better scaffold colonization, promoting cell spreading on the fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Di Pompo
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Liguori
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician" and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Carlini
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician" and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Boi
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician" and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Michele Bianchi
- Department of Life Sciences, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Gualandi
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician" and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento, 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gabriela Graziani
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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21
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Geng Y, Pan S, Zhang L, Qiu J, He K, Gao H, Li Z, Tian D. Phosphorus biogeochemistry regulated by carbonates in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113894. [PMID: 35868580 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphates are the dominant phosphorus (P) source on Earth. The phosphates govern available P in soil, or even the complete ecosystem. The common deficiency of available P in carbonate-enriched soils suggests the tight correlation between P and C biogeochemistry, although the two elements have diverse abundance in soil. The influences of carbonates on P cycle were reviewed in this study, via both abiotic and biotic pathways. The abiotic processes at geochemical scale include element release, transport, sorption, desorption, weathering, precipitation, etc. The sorption of P on carbonate and buffering ability of carbonates were particularly addressed. Biotic factors are ascribed to various microorganisms in soil. As the most active P pool in soil, microorganisms prefer to consume abundant P, and then accumulate it in their biomass. Carbonates, however, are usually utilized by microorganisms after conversion to organic C. Meanwhile, extracellular precipitation of Ca-P phases significantly regulates the transportation of P in/out the cells. Moreover, they boost and complexify both carbonates and P turnover in soil via bioweathering and biomineralization, i.e., the intense interactions between biosphere and lithosphere. Based on this review, we proposed that carbonates may negatively affect P supply in soil system. This comprehensive review regarding the regulation by carbonates on P biogeochemistry would shed a light on predicting long-term P availability influenced by C biogeochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Geng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shang Pan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jingjing Qiu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kun He
- Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing, 100083, China; State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongjian Gao
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China; Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Da Tian
- Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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22
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Bazin T, Duttine M, Julien I, Champion E, Demourgues A, Gaudon M. Exotic Fe II/Fe III Local Environments in the Hexagonal Channels of Hydroxyapatite. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14377-14388. [PMID: 36044741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this fundamental solid-state chemistry study, two sample series were investigated in depth: iron(III)-doped hydroxyapatite (HA) compounds obtained from a co-sintering process of hematite and pure HA under air and iron(III)-doped HA compounds obtained from a co-sintering process from iron(II) acetate and pure HA under an argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction, UV-visible, Fourier transform infrared, 1H and 31P NMR, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR,) and Mössbauer spectroscopy methods were coupled to unravel the Fe valence states, the interactions with other anionic species (OH- and PO43-), and finally the complex local environments in hexagonal channels in both the series. In particular, we highlighted the associated mechanism to ensure electroneutrality with a focus on deprotonation versus calcium substitution. By diverging mechanisms, Fe3+ and Fe2+ ions were found to be located in different coordinated sites: 4(+1) coordinated site for Fe3+ and 2(+3) coordinated site for Fe2+ and clearly associated with very different Mössbauer and EPR signatures as various absorption bands (leading to different sample colors).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Bazin
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France.,Université de Limoges, IRCER─Centre Européen de la Céramique, UMR CNRS 7315, F-87068 Limoges, France
| | - Mathieu Duttine
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Isabelle Julien
- Université de Limoges, IRCER─Centre Européen de la Céramique, UMR CNRS 7315, F-87068 Limoges, France
| | - Eric Champion
- Université de Limoges, IRCER─Centre Européen de la Céramique, UMR CNRS 7315, F-87068 Limoges, France
| | - Alain Demourgues
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Manuel Gaudon
- CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600 Pessac, France
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23
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Kuczumow A, Gorzelak M, Kosiński J, Lasota A, Blicharski T, Gągała J, Nowak J, Jarzębski M, Jabłoński M. Hierarchy of Bioapatites. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179537. [PMID: 36076932 PMCID: PMC9455617 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apatites are one of the most intensively studied materials for possible biomedical applications. New perspectives of possible application of apatites correspond with the development of nanomaterials and nanocompounds. Here, an effort to systematize different kinds of human bioapatites forming bones, dentin, and enamel was undertaken. The precursors of bioapatites and hydroxyapatite were also considered. The rigorous consideration of compositions and stoichiometry of bioapatites allowed us to establish an order in their mutual sequence. The chemical reactions describing potential transformations of biomaterials from octacalcium phosphate into hydroxyapatite via all intermediate stages were postulated. Regardless of whether the reactions occur in reality, all apatite biomaterials behave as if they participate in them. To conserve the charge, additional free charges were introduced, with an assumed meaning to be joined with the defects. The distribution of defects was coupled with the values of crystallographic parameters “a” and “c”. The energetic balances of bioapatite transformations were calculated. The apatite biomaterials are surprisingly regular structures with non-integer stoichiometric coefficients. The results presented here will be helpful for the further design and development of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Kuczumow
- ComerLab Dorota Nowak, Radawiec Duży 196, 21-030 Motycz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.); or (M.J.); Tel.: +48-535-255-775 (M.J.)
| | - Mieczysław Gorzelak
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Kosiński
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lasota
- Chair and Department of Jaw Orthopedics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Blicharski
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Gągała
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jakub Nowak
- ComerLab Dorota Nowak, Radawiec Duży 196, 21-030 Motycz, Poland
| | - Maciej Jarzębski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.); or (M.J.); Tel.: +48-535-255-775 (M.J.)
| | - Mirosław Jabłoński
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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24
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Chai Y, Zhou Y, Tagaya M. Rubbing-Assisted Approach for Fabricating Oriented Nanobiomaterials. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1358. [PMID: 36014280 PMCID: PMC9414502 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The highly-oriented structures in biological tissues play an important role in determining the functions of the tissues. In order to artificially fabricate oriented nanostructures similar to biological tissues, it is necessary to understand the oriented mechanism and invent the techniques for controlling the oriented structure of nanobiomaterials. In this review, the oriented structures in biological tissues were reviewed and the techniques for producing highly-oriented nanobiomaterials by imitating the oriented organic/inorganic nanocomposite mechanism of the biological tissues were summarized. In particular, we introduce a fabrication technology for the highly-oriented structure of nanobiomaterials on the surface of a rubbed polyimide film that has physicochemical anisotropy in order to further form the highly-oriented organic/inorganic nanocomposite structures based on interface interaction. This is an effective technology to fabricate one-directional nanobiomaterials by a biomimetic process, indicating the potential for wide application in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Chai
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka 1603-1, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (DC), 5-3-1 Koji-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Yanni Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka 1603-1, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan
| | - Motohiro Tagaya
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka 1603-1, Nagaoka 940-2188, Japan
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25
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Yang H, Kang JK, Park SJ, Lee CG. Phosphorus recovery from cattle manure bottom ash by extraction and precipitation methods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:39567-39577. [PMID: 35103943 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18934-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus, a limiting element, is essential for living organisms, but the total amount available is decreasing with its increasing use. This problem can be solved by studying the methods of phosphorus recovery from waste. Phosphorus (P2O5, 13.75%) is abundantly present in cattle manure bottom ash (CMBA), indicating its potential as a source for phosphorus recovery. Herein, phosphorus recovery from CMBA was investigated by acid extraction and precipitation methods. The optimum concentration of sulfuric acid for extraction was 1.4 M, which eluted approximately 90% of the phosphorus contained in CMBA. In the precipitation method, sodium hydroxide and calcium silicate hydrate (CSH, CaSiO3∙nH2O) were used to adjust the solution pH to 4 and 8, where more than 99% of the eluted phosphorus was recovered when the pH was adjusted to 8 using CSH alone. The chemical composition and crystal forms of the recovered precipitates were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and an X-ray powder diffractometer. The results indicated monetite and brushite were the main crystal forms of precipitates at pH 4, and struvite, hydroxyapatite, and tricalcium phosphate were the main crystal forms at pH 8. The availability of phosphorus in the precipitates was also evaluated by quinoline gravimetric analysis using water and 2% citric acid, and the water-soluble precipitate was less than 35%, whereas it ranged from 65 to 97% in 2% citric acid. This study suggests that CMBA can be used as a promising source to recover phosphorus via acid extraction and precipitation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Yang
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Kang
- Environmental Functional Materials and Water Treatment Laboratory, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jik Park
- Department of Bioresources and Rural System Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gu Lee
- Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Villa-Bellosta R. Role of the extracellular ATP/pyrophosphate metabolism cycle in vascular calcification. Purinergic Signal 2022:10.1007/s11302-022-09867-1. [PMID: 35511317 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, ATP is considered to be the principal energy source in cells. However, over the last few years, a novel role for ATP as a potent extracellular signaling molecule and the principal source of extracellular pyrophosphate, the main endogenous inhibitor of vascular calcification, has emerged. A large body of evidence suggests that two principal mechanisms are involved in the initiation and progression of ectopic calcification: high phosphate concentration and pyrophosphate deficiency. Pathologic calcification of cardiovascular structures, or vascular calcification, is a feature of several genetic diseases and a common complication of chronic kidney disease, diabetes, and aging. Previous studies have shown that the loss of function of several enzymes and transporters involved in extracellular ATP/pyrophosphate metabolism is associated with vascular calcification. Therefore, pyrophosphate homeostasis should be further studied to facilitate the design of novel therapeutic approaches for ectopic calcification of cardiovascular structures, including strategies to increase pyrophosphate concentrations by targeting the ATP/pyrophosphate metabolism cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Villa-Bellosta
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), Av Barcelona, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Plaza do Obradoiro s/n, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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27
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Gosling S, Calabrese D, Nallala J, Greenwood C, Pinder S, King L, Marks J, Pinto D, Lynch T, Lyburn ID, Hwang ES, Grand Challenge Precision Consortium, Rogers K, Stone N. A multi-modal exploration of heterogeneous physico-chemical properties of DCIS breast microcalcifications. Analyst 2022; 147:1641-1654. [PMID: 35311860 PMCID: PMC8997374 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01548f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is frequently associated with breast calcification. This study combines multiple analytical techniques to investigate the heterogeneity of these calcifications at the micrometre scale. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Raman and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the physicochemical and crystallographic properties of type II breast calcifications located in formalin fixed paraffin embedded DCIS breast tissue samples. Multiple calcium phosphate phases were identified across the calcifications, distributed in different patterns. Hydroxyapatite was the dominant mineral, with magnesium whitlockite found at the calcification edge. Amorphous calcium phosphate and octacalcium phosphate were also identified close to the calcification edge at the apparent mineral/matrix barrier. Crystallographic features of hydroxyapatite also varied across the calcifications, with higher crystallinity centrally, and highest carbonate substitution at the calcification edge. Protein was also differentially distributed across the calcification and the surrounding soft tissue, with collagen and β-pleated protein features present to differing extents. Combination of analytical techniques in this study was essential to understand the heterogeneity of breast calcifications and how this may link crystallographic and physicochemical properties of calcifications to the surrounding tissue microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gosling
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, UK.
| | | | | | | | - Sarah Pinder
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lorraine King
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey Marks
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Thomas Lynch
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Iain D Lyburn
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, UK. .,Thirlestaine Breast Centre, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, UK.,Cobalt Medical Charity, Cheltenham, UK
| | - E Shelley Hwang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Keith Rogers
- Cranfield Forensic Institute, Cranfield University, Shrivenham, UK.
| | - Nicholas Stone
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
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28
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Hybrid Nanocomposites of Hydroxyapatite, Eu2O3, Graphene Oxide Via Ultrasonic Power: Microstructure, Morphology Design and Antibacterial for Biomedical Applications. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Christensen ML, Cvitanich C, Quist-Jensen CA, Thau M, Malmgren-Hansen B. Precipitation and recovery of phosphorus from the wastewater hydrolysis tank. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:151875. [PMID: 34826471 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus, a limited resource, is also an environmental pollutant that should be removed from wastewater and ideally reused. A pilot-scale facility was set up and used to precipitate and recover phosphorus from wastewater. The return activated sludge in a hydrolysis tank was flocculated and separated and the solid material returned to the hydrolysis tank; the flocculation process did not harm the microorganisms. Phosphate in the reject water was precipitated with different calcium salts and the phosphorus-containing precipitate recovered. The precipitate consisted mainly of phosphate and calcium, and under 5% of the final product consisted of iron and aluminum. Around 20% of the precipitate was organic material. The pilot-scale test was supplemented with bench-scale tests using calcium salt, magnesium salt, and NaOH/KOH. Without the addition of calcium ions, phosphate could be precipitated by increasing pH to 9.5, resulting in a concentration of phosphorus in the reject water of under 2 mg/L. If calcium salt was added (Ca:P ratio of 2:1), it was possible to remove phosphate at pH 9 (<1 mg/L). In general, the concentration of dissolved phosphate was 8-10 mg/L lower after precipitation when calcium salt was used compared with all other tested salts. This difference increased if additional phosphate was added to the sludge. The bench- and pilot-scale experiments yielded comparable data. At the pilot-scale facility, it was possible to remove 90% of the phosphate by adding calcium salt and regulating the pH to 8.5.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Cvitanich
- Center of Membrane Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Cejna Anna Quist-Jensen
- Center of Membrane Technology, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Martin Thau
- Vandmiljø Randers, Tørvebryggen 12, 8900 Randers C, Denmark
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30
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Root Canal Obturation by Electrochemical Precipitation of Calcium Phosphates. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12062956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving adequate disinfection and preventing reinfection is the major goal in endodontic treatment. Variation in canal morphology and open porosity of dentine prevents achieving complete disinfection. Questionable biocompatibility of materials as well as a lack of sealing ability questions the usefulness of current obturation methods. With a novel disinfection approach based on the use of boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes having shown promising results it was the goal of this series of experiments to investigate the possibility of BDD-mediated in situ forming of a biocompatible obturation material. A combination of calcium phosphate and maleic acid was used as precursor solution while Ion Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (IC-MS), Raman spectroscopy (RAMAN), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dye penetration and micro-computed tomography (µCT) were applied for characterizing the precipitate. It was possible to achieve a BDD-mediated precipitation of brushite in a clinically applicable timeframe. However, tight sealing of the canal system based on brushite could not be achieved.
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31
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Reynaud C, Thomas C, Costentin G. On the Comprehensive Precipitation of Hydroxyapatites Unraveled by a Combined Kinetic-Thermodynamic Approach. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:3296-3308. [PMID: 35143720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study combines experimental and theoretical approaches to investigate the competitive precipitation of calcium phosphates (CaPs) in aqueous solution in order to understand and control both the structural and textural properties of the synthesized hydroxyapatites (HAps). Some of the precipitation reactions were followed by in situ Raman spectroscopy or achieved under kinetically controlled conditions. The CaP precursors of HAps were identified as a function of the precipitation pH of the medium and the order of introduction of the precursor ions in the synthesis reactor. Their formation was rationalized by calculations based on a homogeneous nucleation model. Depending on the synthesis conditions, precipitation reaction pathways of HAps are proposed by bringing together the kinetic model developed in the present study and our previous thermodynamic model. HAps are complex materials due to the ease with which large amounts of crystallographic defects, such as carbonates and hydrogen phosphates, can be incorporated in their structure. As these defects play a key role in material sciences (bone substitute, heterogeneous acid-base catalysis, etc.), the present work also includes the analysis of the formation of these crystallographic defects in the apatitic framework, allowing a better control of their incorporation through careful selection of operating parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Reynaud
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris 75005, France
| | - Cyril Thomas
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris 75005, France
| | - Guylène Costentin
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris 75005, France
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32
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Gelli R, Briccolani-Bandini L, Pagliai M, Cardini G, Ridi F, Baglioni P. Exploring the effect of Mg 2+ substitution on amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 606:444-453. [PMID: 34399361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The study of Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) has become a hot topic due to its relevance in living organisms and as a material for biomedical applications. The preparation and characterization of Mg-substituted ACP nanoparticles (AMCP) with tunable Ca/Mg ratio is reported in the present study to address the effect of Mg2+ on their structure and stability. EXPERIMENTS AMCPs particles were synthesized by precipitation of the precursors from aqueous solutions. The particles were analyzed in terms of morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability, to get a complete overview of their physico-chemical characteristics. Computational methods were also employed to simulate the structure of ACP clusters at different levels of Mg2+ substitution. FINDINGS Our results demonstrate that AMCP particles with tunable composition and crystallinity can be obtained. The analysis of the heat-induced crystallization of AMCP shows that particles' stability depends on the degree of Mg2+ substitution in the cluster, as confirmed by computational analyses. The presented results shed light on the effect of Mg2+ on ACP features at different structural levels and may be useful guidelines for the preparation and design of AMCP particles with a specific Ca/Mg ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Gelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Briccolani-Bandini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Pagliai
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Gianni Cardini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Ridi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; CSGI, Center for Colloid and Surface Science, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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33
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Zhou Y, Chai Y, Miyata M, Tagaya M. Preparation of citric acid-modified poly(vinyl alcohol) films for effectively precipitating calcium phosphate particles. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00800a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Development of a technology for effectively controlling the precipitation of CP particles on PVA films via a biomimetic process was achieved using the CA-modification technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka 1603-1, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Yadong Chai
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka 1603-1, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (DC), 5-3-1 Koji-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Mari Miyata
- Department of Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Nagaoka College, Nishikatakai 888, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-8532, Japan
| | - Motohiro Tagaya
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, Kamitomioka 1603-1, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
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Yoshino F, Sasaki R, Asada Y, Shiozaki K, Shimoda S, Yamamoto T. Studies on Change in Solubility over Time of the Bioactive Material Amorphous Calcium Phosphate and Precipitation of Hydroxyapatite. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.31.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Yoshino
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine
| | - Rina Sasaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine
| | - Yuka Asada
- Department of Anatomy, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine
| | | | - Shinji Shimoda
- Department of Anatomy, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine
| | - Takatsugu Yamamoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine
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35
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Vascular Calcification: Key Roles of Phosphate and Pyrophosphate. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413536. [PMID: 34948333 PMCID: PMC8708352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications due to accelerated arterial stiffening and atherosclerosis are the leading cause of morbimortality in Western society. Both pathologies are frequently associated with vascular calcification. Pathologic calcification of cardiovascular structures, or vascular calcification, is associated with several diseases (for example, genetic diseases, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease) and is a common consequence of aging. Calcium phosphate deposition, mainly in the form of hydroxyapatite, is the hallmark of vascular calcification and can occur in the medial layer of arteries (medial calcification), in the atheroma plaque (intimal calcification), and cardiac valves (heart valve calcification). Although various mechanisms have been proposed for the pathogenesis of vascular calcification, our understanding of the pathogenesis of calcification is far from complete. However, in recent years, some risk factors have been identified, including high serum phosphorus concentration (hyperphosphatemia) and defective synthesis of pyrophosphate (pyrophosphate deficiency). The balance between phosphate and pyrophosphate, strictly controlled by several genes, plays a key role in vascular calcification. This review summarizes the current knowledge concerning phosphate and pyrophosphate homeostasis, focusing on the role of extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism in aortic smooth muscle cells and macrophages.
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Enzymatic Approach in Calcium Phosphate Biomineralization: A Contribution to Reconcile the Physicochemical with the Physiological View. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312957. [PMID: 34884758 PMCID: PMC8657759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization is the process by which organisms produce hard inorganic matter from soft tissues with outstanding control of mineral deposition in time and space. For this purpose, organisms deploy a sophisticated "toolkit" that has resulted in significant evolutionary innovations, for which calcium phosphate (CaP) is the biomineral selected for the skeleton of vertebrates. While CaP mineral formation in aqueous media can be investigated by studying thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transitions in supersaturated solutions, biogenic mineralization requires coping with the inherent complexity of biological systems. This mainly includes compartmentalization and homeostatic processes used by organisms to regulate key physiological factors, including temperature, pH and ion concentration. A detailed analysis of the literature shows the emergence of two main views describing the mechanism of CaP biomineralization. The first one, more dedicated to the study of in vivo systems and supported by researchers in physiology, often involves matrix vesicles (MVs). The second one, more investigated by the physicochemistry community, involves collagen intrafibrillar mineralization particularly through in vitro acellular models. Herein, we show that there is an obvious need in the biological systems to control both where and when the mineral forms through an in-depth survey of the mechanism of CaP mineralization. This necessity could gather both communities of physiologists and physicochemists under a common interest for an enzymatic approach to better describe CaP biomineralization. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous enzymatic catalyses are conceivable for these systems, and a few preliminary promising results on CaP mineralization for both types of enzymatic catalysis are reported in this work. Through them, we aim to describe the relevance of our point of view and the likely findings that could be obtained when adding an enzymatic approach to the already rich and creative research field dealing with CaP mineralization. This complementary approach could lead to a better understanding of the biomineralization mechanism and inspire the biomimetic design of new materials.
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Shen J, Zhao M, Zhang C, Sun X. IL-1β in atherosclerotic vascular calcification: From bench to bedside. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4353-4364. [PMID: 34803503 PMCID: PMC8579452 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.66537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic vascular calcification contributes to increased risk of death in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Assessing the type and severity of inflammation is crucial in the treatment of numerous cardiovascular conditions. IL-1β, a potent proinflammatory cytokine, plays diverse roles in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular calcification. Several large-scale, population cohort trials have shown that the incidence of cardiovascular events is clinically reduced by the administration of anti-IL-1β therapy. Anti-IL-1β therapy might reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events by affecting atherosclerotic vascular calcification, but the mechanism underlying this effect remains unclear. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the role of IL-1β in atherosclerotic vascular calcification, and describe the latest results reported in clinical trials evaluating anti-IL-1β therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This review will aid in improving current understanding of the pathophysiological roles of IL-1β and mechanisms underlying its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Shen
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Interventional Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acids in Medicine for National high-level talents, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiaolei Sun
- Department of General Surgery (Vascular Surgery), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.,Department of Interventional Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.,Laboratory of Nucleic Acids in Medicine for National high-level talents, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.,School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London SE5 9NU, United Kingdom.,Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Luzhou, 646000, China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China
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Vilela HS, Rodrigues MC, Fronza BM, Trinca RB, Vichi FM, Braga RR. Effect of Temperature and pH on Calcium Phosphate Precipitation. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.202100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Handially Santos Vilela
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry University of São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 São Paulo São Paulo 05508‐000 Brazil
| | - Marcela Charantola Rodrigues
- Municipal University of São Caetano do Sul (USCS) Rua Santo Antônio, 50 São Caetano do Sul São Paulo 09521‐160 Brazil
| | - Bruna Marin Fronza
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry University of São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 São Paulo São Paulo 05508‐000 Brazil
| | - Rafael Bergamo Trinca
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry University of São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 São Paulo São Paulo 05508‐000 Brazil
| | - Flávio Maron Vichi
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry University of São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748 São Paulo São Paulo 05508‐900 Brazil
| | - Roberto Ruggiero Braga
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry University of São Paulo Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227 São Paulo São Paulo 05508‐000 Brazil
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Sivaguru M, Saw JJ, Wilson EM, Lieske JC, Krambeck AE, Williams JC, Romero MF, Fouke KW, Curtis MW, Kear-Scott JL, Chia N, Fouke BW. Human kidney stones: a natural record of universal biomineralization. Nat Rev Urol 2021; 18:404-432. [PMID: 34031587 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-021-00469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
GeoBioMed - a new transdisciplinary approach that integrates the fields of geology, biology and medicine - reveals that kidney stones composed of calcium-rich minerals precipitate from a continuum of repeated events of crystallization, dissolution and recrystallization that result from the same fundamental natural processes that have governed billions of years of biomineralization on Earth. This contextual change in our understanding of renal stone formation opens fundamentally new avenues of human kidney stone investigation that include analyses of crystalline structure and stratigraphy, diagenetic phase transitions, and paragenetic sequences across broad length scales from hundreds of nanometres to centimetres (five Powers of 10). This paradigm shift has also enabled the development of a new kidney stone classification scheme according to thermodynamic energetics and crystalline architecture. Evidence suggests that ≥50% of the total volume of individual stones have undergone repeated in vivo dissolution and recrystallization. Amorphous calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite spherules coalesce to form planar concentric zoning and sector zones that indicate disequilibrium precipitation. In addition, calcium oxalate dihydrate and calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal aggregates exhibit high-frequency organic-matter-rich and mineral-rich nanolayering that is orders of magnitude higher than layering observed in analogous coral reef, Roman aqueduct, cave, deep subsurface and hot-spring deposits. This higher frequency nanolayering represents the unique microenvironment of the kidney in which potent crystallization promoters and inhibitors are working in opposition. These GeoBioMed insights identify previously unexplored strategies for development and testing of new clinical therapies for the prevention and treatment of kidney stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayandi Sivaguru
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Carl Zeiss Labs@Location Partner, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Jessica J Saw
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elena M Wilson
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - John C Lieske
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amy E Krambeck
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - James C Williams
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Michael F Romero
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kyle W Fouke
- Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Matthew W Curtis
- Carl Zeiss Microscopy LLC, One North Broadway, White Plains, NY, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Chia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bruce W Fouke
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Carl Zeiss Labs@Location Partner, Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Nakamura M, Ueda K, Yamamoto Y, Aoki K, Zhang M, Saito N, Yudasaka M. Ibandronate-Loaded Carbon Nanohorns Fabricated Using Calcium Phosphates as Mediators and Their Effects on Macrophages and Osteoclasts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:3701-3712. [PMID: 33406818 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanohorns (CNHs), a type of nanocarbon, have been studied for the application of drug delivery systems (DDSs) because they are easily functionalized, support bone regeneration, can be used to perform photohyperthermia, have low toxicity, and are easily phagocytosed by macrophages. To take advantage of these features of CNHs, we developed a DDS for the local treatment of bone metastasis by loading the antibone resorption drug ibandronate (IBN) onto CNHs. The poor adsorption of IBN onto CNHs due to the weak hydrophilic-hydrophobic interaction was overcome by using calcium phosphates (CaPs) as mediators. In the fabrication process, we used oxidized CNH (OxCNH), which is less hydrophobic, onto which IBN was coprecipitated with CaP from a labile supersaturated CaP solution. OxCNH-CaP-IBN composite nanoparticles exerted stronger cell-suppressive effects than OxCNH and IBN in both murine macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) and osteoclasts (differentiated from RAW264.7 cells). OxCNH-CaP-IBN composite nanoparticles were efficiently phagocytosed by macrophage cells, where they specifically accumulated in lysosomes. The stronger cell-suppressive effects were likely due to intracellular delivery of IBN, i.e., the release of IBN from OxCNH-CaP-IBN composite nanoparticles via dissociation of CaP in the acidic environment of lysosomes. Our findings suggest that OxCNH-CaP-IBN composite nanoparticles are potentially useful for the local treatment of metastatic bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Nakamura
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Katsuya Ueda
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamamoto
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kaoru Aoki
- Physical Therapy Division, School of Health Sciences, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Minfang Zhang
- CNT Application Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Naoto Saito
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - Masako Yudasaka
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
- Faculty of Science & Technology, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan
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41
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He L, Liu X, Rudd C. Additive-Manufactured Gyroid Scaffolds of Magnesium Oxide, Phosphate Glass Fiber and Polylactic Acid Composite for Bone Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:270. [PMID: 33467495 PMCID: PMC7830155 DOI: 10.3390/polym13020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Composites of biodegradable phosphate glass fiber and polylactic acid (PGF/PLA) show potential for bone tissue engineering scaffolds, due to their ability to release Ca, P, and Mg during degradation, thus promoting the bone repair. Nevertheless, glass degradation tends to acidify the surrounding aqueous environment, which may adversely affect the viability and bone-forming activities of osteoblasts. In this work, MgO was investigated as a neutralizing agent. Porous network-phase gyroid scaffolds were additive-manufactured using four different materials: PLA, MgO/PLA, PGF/PLA, and (MgO + PGF)/PLA. The addition of PGF enhanced compressive properties of scaffolds, and the resultant scaffolds were comparably strong and stiff with human trabecular bone. While the degradation of PGF/PLA composite induced considerable acidity in degradation media and intensified the degradation of PGF in return, the degradation media of (MgO + PGF)/PLA maintained a neutral pH close to a physiological environment. The experiment results indicated the possible mechanism of MgO as the neutralizing agent: the local acidity was buffered as the MgO reacted with the acidic degradation products thereby inhibiting the degradation of PGF from being intensified in an acidic environment. The (MgO + PGF)/PLA composite scaffold appears to be a candidate for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhe He
- International Academy of Marine Economy and Technology, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China;
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- International Academy of Marine Economy and Technology, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China;
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
- New Materials Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Chris Rudd
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, 149 Sims Drive, Singapore 387380, Singapore;
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Perut F, Graziani G, Columbaro M, Caudarella R, Baldini N, Granchi D. Citrate Supplementation Restores the Impaired Mineralisation Resulting from the Acidic Microenvironment: An In Vitro Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3779. [PMID: 33317151 PMCID: PMC7763163 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic metabolic acidosis leads to bone-remodelling disorders based on excessive mineral matrix resorption and inhibition of bone formation, but also affects the homeostasis of citrate, which is an essential player in maintaining the acid-base balance and in driving the mineralisation process. This study aimed to investigate the impact of acidosis on the osteogenic properties of bone-forming cells and the effects of citrate supplementation in restoring the osteogenic features impaired by the acidic milieu. For this purpose, human mesenchymal stromal cells were cultured in an osteogenic medium and the extracellular matrix mineralisation was analysed at the micro- and nano-level, both in neutral and acidic conditions and after treatment with calcium citrate and potassium citrate. The acidic milieu significantly decreased the citrate release and hindered the organisation of the extracellular matrix, but the citrate supplementation increased collagen production and, particularly calcium citrate, promoted the mineralisation process. Moreover, the positive effect of citrate supplementation was observed also in the physiological microenvironment. This in vitro study proves that the mineral matrix organisation is influenced by citrate availability in the microenvironment surrounding bone-forming cells, thus providing a biological basis for using citrate-based supplements in the management of bone-remodelling disorders related to chronic low-grade acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Perut
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
| | - Gabriela Graziani
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Electron Microscopy Platform, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Renata Caudarella
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Via Corriera 1, 48033 Cotignola (RA), Italy;
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Via Pupilli 1, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Granchi
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
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Pyrophosphates in toothpaste: a retrospective and reappraisal. Br Dent J 2020; 229:687-689. [PMID: 33247264 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2346-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
During the last 50 years, an increasing number of toothpastes have been marketed that include pyrophosphates as anti-tartar (calculus) agents. Pyrophosphates are chelating agents with low toxicity and a broad range of applications, such as food additives and in industrial applications. Like other chelating agents, the prime function is to combine with metal elements and, in toothpastes, to inhibit calcium phosphate deposits in the form of dental calculus. It is well established that pyrophosphates inhibit crystal growth of hydroxyapatite in bones and teeth, and theoretically may negatively affect the demineralisation-remineralisation equilibrium at the tooth surface. Surprisingly, little clinical research has been carried out to assess if the caries protection provided by fluoride toothpaste is compromised by the inclusion of pyrophosphates and the existing evidence is inconsistent. In the absence of more clinical research, it is suggested that children should not use pyrophosphate-containing toothpastes under 12 years of age.
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Kinetic Study of Calcium Phosphate Precipitation in the System H3PO4-Ca(OH)2-H2O at 30°C. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/2893298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The precipitation kinetics of calcium phosphates, namely, hydroxyapatite (HAP), dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA), and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM), were studied at 30°C by mixing calcium hydroxide, water, and phosphoric acid. The studied mixture was selected according to the stability domain of different calcium phosphates by referring to the phase diagram of the ternary system of H3PO4-Ca(OH)2-H2O at 30°C. The precipitation reaction has been monitored by following the changes in the conductivity, pH, and calcium concentration. The solid phases formed at different stages of this precipitation were characterized by X-ray diffraction.
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Sugiyama S, Liu EH, Imanishi K, Shimoda N, Katoh M, Liu JC. Dependence of Phosphorus Recovery on Acid Type during Dissolution–Precipitation Treatment of Incineration Ash of Chicken Manure. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.20we089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Sugiyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - En-Hong Liu
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Tokushima University
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
| | - Kenta Imanishi
- Department of Chemical Science and Technology, Tokushima University
| | - Naohiro Shimoda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Masahiro Katoh
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Jhy-Chern Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
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Hemocyanin Modification of Chitosan Scaffolds with Calcium Phosphate Phases Increase the Osteoblast/Osteoclast Activity Ratio-A Co-Culture Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194580. [PMID: 33036488 PMCID: PMC7582980 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing research on biomaterials that support bone regeneration led to the quest for materials or material modifications that can actively influence the activity or balance of bone tissue cells. The bone biocompatibility of porous chitosan scaffolds was modified in the present study by the addition of calcium phosphates or hemocyanin. The first strategy comprised the incorporation of calcium phosphates into chitosan to create a biomimetic chitosan—mineral phase composite. The second strategy comprised dip-coating of chitosan scaffolds with hemocyanin extracted from crayfish hemolymph. The cytocompatibility was assessed in a mono-culture of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) and their differentiation to osteoblasts; in a mono-culture of human monocytes (hMs) and their maturation to osteoclasts; and in a co-culture of hBMSC/osteoblasts—hM/osteoclasts. Mineral incorporation caused an increase in scaffold bioactivity, as shown by reduced calcium concentration in the cell culture medium, delayed differentiation of hBMSCs, and reduced osteoclastic maturation of hMs in mono-culture. Dip-coating with hemocyanin led to increased proliferation of hBMSCs and equivalent osteoclast maturation in mono-culture, while in co-culture, both an inhibitory effect of mineral incorporation on osteoblastogenesis and stimulatory effects of hemocyanin were observed. It was concluded that highly bioactive scaffolds (containing mineral phases) restrain osteoblast and osteoclast development, while hemocyanin coating significantly supports osteoblastogenesis. These influences on the osteoblasts/osteoclasts activity ratio may support scaffold-driven bone healing in the future.
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Fan HX, Gou BD, Gao YX, Wu G, Liu SH, Li F, Zhang TL. Protein-bound calcium phosphate in uremic rat serum: a quantitative study. J Biol Inorg Chem 2020; 25:1051-1063. [PMID: 32839886 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-020-01807-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Protein-bound calcium (prCa) constitutes about 40% of serum total calcium, in which albumin is the most dominant protein. Given the chemical interaction between calcium and phosphate (Pi), the increased serum Pi in chronic kidney disease may cause changes in the composition and structure of the prCa fraction. Here, we report the phosphate binding on the protein-bound calcium in uremic rat serum. Using adenine-fed rats as a uremic model, we separated the calcium and phosphate fractions in rat serum by ultrafiltration, and found that the level of protein-bound phosphate (prPi) in the uremic serum was markedly higher than in control. The elevated prPi level was comparable to the prCa level, consistent with the presence of protein-bound calcium phosphate pr(Ca)j-m(CaPi)m. We then confirmed its presence by ex vivo X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, revealing the discrete state of the calcium phosphate clusters associated with protein. Finally, in a quantitative investigation using Ca- and Pi-boosted serum, we discovered the threshold concentration for the Pi binding on prCa, and determined the binding constant. The threshold, while preventing Pi from binding to prCa in normal condition, allows the reaction to take place in hyperphosphatemia conditions. The protein-bound calcium phosphate could act as a link between the metabolism of serum proteins and the homeostasis of phosphate and calcium, and it deserves further investigation whether the molar ratio of (prPi/prCa)⋅100% may serve as a serum index of the vascular calcification status in chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Fan
- Department of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, 014010, People's Republic of China.,CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Di Gou
- Department of Chemical Biology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xi Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, 014010, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shu-Hu Liu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19B Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Lan Zhang
- Department of Chemical Biology, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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Tabish TA, Dey P, Mosca S, Salimi M, Palombo F, Matousek P, Stone N. Smart Gold Nanostructures for Light Mediated Cancer Theranostics: Combining Optical Diagnostics with Photothermal Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903441. [PMID: 32775148 PMCID: PMC7404179 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanotheranostics, which combines optical multiplexed disease detection with therapeutic monitoring in a single modality, has the potential to propel the field of nanomedicine toward genuine personalized medicine. Currently employed mainstream modalities using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in diagnosis and treatment are limited by a lack of specificity and potential issues associated with systemic toxicity. Light-mediated nanotheranostics offers a relatively non-invasive alternative for cancer diagnosis and treatment by using AuNPs of specific shapes and sizes that absorb near infrared (NIR) light, inducing plasmon resonance for enhanced tumor detection and generating localized heat for tumor ablation. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in the field of nanotheranostics, however the main biological and translational barriers to nanotheranostics leading to a new paradigm in anti-cancer nanomedicine stem from the molecular complexities of cancer and an incomplete mechanistic understanding of utilization of Au-NPs in living systems. This work provides a comprehensive overview on the biological, physical and translational barriers facing the development of nanotheranostics. It will also summarise the recent advances in engineering specific AuNPs, their unique characteristics and, importantly, tunability to achieve the desired optical/photothermal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priyanka Dey
- School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QLUK
| | - Sara Mosca
- Central Laser FacilitySTFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryOxfordOX11 0QXUK
| | - Marzieh Salimi
- School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QLUK
| | | | - Pavel Matousek
- Central Laser FacilitySTFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryOxfordOX11 0QXUK
| | - Nicholas Stone
- School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QLUK
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Karadas O, Mese G, Ozcivici E. Low magnitude high frequency vibrations expedite the osteogenesis of bone marrow stem cells on paper based 3D scaffolds. Biomed Eng Lett 2020; 10:431-441. [PMID: 32850178 PMCID: PMC7438393 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-020-00161-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Anabolic effects of low magnitude high frequency (LMHF) vibrations on bone tissue were consistently shown in the literature in vivo, however in vitro efforts to elucidate underlying mechanisms are generally limited to 2D cell culture studies. Three dimensional cell culture platforms better mimic the natural microenvironment and biological processes usually differ in 3D compared to 2D culture. In this study, we used laboratory grade filter paper as a scaffold material for studying the effects of LHMF vibrations on osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a 3D system. LMHF vibrations were applied 15 min/day at 0.1 g acceleration and 90 Hz frequency for 21 days to residing cells under quiescent and osteogenic conditions. mRNA expression analysis was performed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) genes, Alizarin red S staining was performed for mineral nodule formation and infrared spectroscopy was performed for determination of extracellular matrix composition. The highest osteocalcin expression, mineral nodule formation and the phosphate bands arising from the inorganic phase was observed for the cells incubated in osteogenic induction medium with vibration. Our results showed that filter paper can be used as a model scaffold system for studying the effects of mechanical loads on cells, and LMHF vibrations induced the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Karadas
- Department of Bioengineering, Rm A210, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, 35430 Turkey
| | - Gulistan Mese
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Engin Ozcivici
- Department of Bioengineering, Rm A210, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, 35430 Turkey
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Hybrid Bone Scaffold Induces Bone Bridging in Goat Calvarial Critical Size Defects Without Growth Factor Augmentation. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-019-00144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the present study, a series of four different scaffolds were comparatively evaluated in a goat calvarial critical size defect model. Such studies are only rarely reported in the literature. In our work, E1001(1k), a member of a large combinational library of tyrosine-derived polycarbonates (TyrPC), was used to prepare two calcium phosphate hybrid, biodegradable bone scaffolds. In one formulation, the widely used β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) was incorporated into the polymer scaffold. In the second formulation, a coating of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD, also known as brushite) was used as the mineral phase. These scaffolds were evaluated for bone regeneration in goat calvarial 20-mm critical size defects (CSD) after 16 weeks. Results were compared with chronOS (a clinically used product) and E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds, augmented with 400 μg of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometry were used to assess bone regeneration within the defects. Histomorphometry showed that rhBMP-2-augmented E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds completely healed the defect in all animals within 16 weeks. Among the hybrid scaffolds that were not augmented with rhBMP-2, the degree of bone regeneration within the defect area was low for the clinically used chronOS, which is a poly(lactide co-ε-caprolactone)/β-TCP hybrid scaffold. Similar results were obtained for E1001(1k)/β-TCP scaffolds, indicating that replacing poly(lactide co-ε-caprolactone) with E1001(1k) does not improve bone regeneration is this model. However, a statistically significant improvement of bone regeneration was observed for E1001(1k)/DCPD scaffolds. These scaffolds resulted in significant levels of bone regeneration in all animals and in complete bridging of the defect in three of six tests. This is the first report of a synthetic bone scaffold being able to heal a critical size calvarial defect in a large animal model without the addition of exogenous growth factors.
Lay Summary
Reconstruction of large bone defects is a significant clinical problem. The overwhelming majority of all research results are obtained in vitro or in small animal models (mouse, rat, rabbit) that cannot predict the clinical outcomes in humans. We address this problem by conducting our studies in a goat calvarial critical size defect model, which is widely regarded as predictive of human outcomes. Among the three rhBMP-2-free scaffolds tested, only one specific formulation, E1001(1k)/DCPD, resulted in massive bone ingrowth into the center of the defect in all animals and in complete bridging of the defect 50% of the animals. This is the first time, a synthetic bone scaffold was able to heal a critical size calvarial defect in a large animal model without the addition of biological growth factors. Given the high cost of biologically enhanced bone grafts and the regulatory complexities of their FDA market clearance, the development of E1001(1k)/DCPD hybrid scaffolds addresses a significant clinical need.
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