Knowledge and Awareness of Human Papillomavirus Among College Students in South Carolina

Health beliefs and associated factors related to HPV and HPV vaccination in a sample of Turkish women: A cross-sectional study

This study was conducted to determine women's health beliefs about HPV and HPV vaccination and factors associated with health beliefs. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 300 women aged 21-64 in Turkey. Data were collected using the human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge scale (HPV-KS) and the health belief model scale for human papillomavirus and its vaccination (HBMS-HPVV). The mean age of the women who participated in the study was 35.16 ± 9.52 years. Of them, 72.3% heard of the HPV test, 30.3% had an HPV test, 62% heard of HPV vaccination, and 9.7% had HPV vaccination. Educational level, hearing about the HPV vaccine, and HPV knowledge level were significant predictors of perceived benefit (p < .001). HPV knowledge level significantly predicted perceived susceptibility (p < .001). HPV knowledge level and hearing about HPV tests and vaccines were significant predictors of perceived severity (p < .001). A high level of education, a high level of HPV knowledge, and hearing about HPV tests and the HPV vaccine positively affect women's health beliefs. Health belief model-based education programs should be used to improve women's HPV knowledge and health beliefs about HPV and the HPV vaccine. In addition to women's health beliefs, cervical cancers can only be prevented by including the HPV vaccine in national immunization programs and increasing the coverage of HPV screening tests.

Knowledge and awareness toward human papillomavirus vaccination among Saudi female nursing students

Introduction

Human Papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted agent, causing cervical cancer. In Saudi Arabia, cervical cancer is ranked as the ninth most common carcinoma in women. HPV vaccine is an effective prevention method against HPV high-risk types such as HPV 18 and 16. Research on HPV vaccine knowledge and awareness is limited due to the lack of extensive data reportage on HPV and cervical cancer cases among Saudi women.

Aim

This study was aimed to determine the knowledge and awareness of human papillomavirus vaccination among Saudi nursing female students.

Methods

This study was cross-sectional and included (n = 114) participants. The study used an online survey, which included demographical variables and the HPV knowledge scale. The data were collected from October 10, 2023, until January 3, 2024. Descriptive data, Mann-Whitney Z-tests and nonparametric tests were used to analyze the study's findings.

Results

The study participants' mean age was 20.8 years (SD 1.6). Most students (72%) did not receive the HPV vaccine. The overall mean HPV knowledge was 10.0 (SD 7.08). The HPV knowledge subscales showed poor levels of knowledge of HPV infection, screening, and vaccines: 5.15 (SD 3.87), 1.39 (SD 1.34), and 2.06 (SD 1.87), respectively.

Discussion

In conclusion, Saudi Arabia having a predominantly youthful population, it is crucial to implement educational programs that improve the understanding and awareness of HPV infection among nursing students and other health professionals. There is a necessity to establish impactful awareness campaigns and integrate interventional research to inform health professionals and the public about the disease and dispel misunderstandings and cultural beliefs about HPV and HPV vaccines to prevent cervical cancers among young females.

Using Structural Equation Modelling to Explore the Relationship Between Patient-Centered Communication, Human Papilloma (HPV)-related Knowledge, and Perceived Effectiveness of the HPV Vaccine

BACKGROUND

Patient-centered communication has emerged as a potent strategy for increasing vaccine uptake. Drawing on evidence-based paths established from previous studies, our study examines the relationship between patient-centered communication, HPV knowledge and perceived HPV vaccine effectiveness. We also explored the sociodemographic factors impacting patient-centered communication, HPV knowledge and perceived HPV vaccine effectiveness.

METHODS

We analyzed data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 5, Cycle 1, ran Structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the pathways in our conceptual framework.

RESULTS

Our sample comprised 2522 adults aged 18-79 (mean age 47.98 years) who were predominantly Non-Hispanic White (67.65%), female (53.31%), and heterosexual (95.12%). The model fit statistics for the final structural model indicated a good fit [RMSEA= 0.039, CFI=0.99 TLI= 0.99, and SRMR =0.070]. The path linking patient-centered communication to HPV knowledge (β=0.011, p<0.05), and the knowledge-mediated path linking patient-centered communication to HPV vaccine effectiveness (β=0.007, p<0.05) were found to be statistically significant.

CONCLUSION

HPV researchers must delve deeper into patient-centered communication practices to improve vaccine uptake. Tailoring conversations to individual needs and preferences is key to enhancing HPV knowledge, and ultimately improve perceptions of HPV vaccine effectiveness and increase its acceptability.

An Analysis of the Knowledge Among Midwifery Students at Medical University-Pleven Regarding Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV-Associated Diseases

Background and objective Comprehensive health literacy and prevention have been the key methods to reduce the spread of human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV-associated disease development. Raising awareness among young individuals about the risk factors and the ways to prevent the infection is often the starting point of primary prevention. In light of this, we aimed to assess the awareness of midwifery students at Medical University-Pleven about (HPV) and HPV-associated diseases. Material and methods We conducted a survey-based study among first-year students at Medical University-Pleven in the period spanning January to March 2020, which involved a direct group survey. We initially reached out to 445 students and 284 (63.8%) of them responded; 12 of them were midwifery students. In the period from May through November 2022, the same type of survey was repeated among 75 midwifery students, and 47 (62.7%) responded. A set of classic statistical methods were used to present and analyze the collected quantitative and qualitative data. The responses in the questionnaires were reviewed and recoded according to the requirements of the statistical program. The significance of the results, the findings, and the conclusions was set at p<0.05. A comparative analysis was employed to statistically compare the results to present the differences between the groups of traits studied. Data processing was performed using MS Office Excel 2019 and SPSS Statistics v.28 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results Over half (70.6%) of the first-year midwifery students were aware of the infection caused by HPV. Among them, 10 students (29.4%) were familiar with the risk factors for HPV and HPV-associated diseases, and all of the fourth-year respondents knew about the studied issue. The majority of the respondents - 61.8% of the freshmen and 100% of the fourth-year students- were aware of HPV vaccine availability. Conclusions In the course of their training, the midwifery students at Medical University-Pleven acquired enough knowledge about the risk factors of HPV-associated diseases and the availability of vaccines to prevent them.

Acceptance, Hesitancy, and Refusal Among Parents of Young Girls in Relation to Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: A Study From the Mohammed VI University Hospital Center in Oujda, Morocco

INTRODUCTION

Morocco has joined the global efforts to eliminate cervical cancer by introducing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination into its national immunization program. However, vaccination rates remain insufficient relative to the importance of the vaccine. Therefore, the objective of the study was to understand better the factors associated with acceptance, hesitance, or refusal of the HPV vaccine.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A descriptive and analytical study was conducted among 450 parents of girls of HPV vaccination age at the Mohammed VI University Hospital Center in Oujda, Morocco, over a period of three months.

RESULTS

A total of 450 parents were included in the study, most of them being mothers. Most parents were unaware of HPV infection (66%) or the HPV vaccine (62%). The rate of HPV vaccination among the study population was only 33%. Factors associated with nonvaccination included a lack of information about the HPV vaccine (57%), concern about side effects (33%), and unvaccinated family and friends (10%). Parents' intention to vaccinate their daughters was significantly lower in fathers (95% confidence interval, or 95% CI = 0.34-0.66), those with a low educational level (odds ratio, or OR = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.40-0.80), and those with an unfavorable socioeconomic level (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.30-0.56), whereas it was significantly higher in cases of a vaccinated entourage, including friends and family (OR = 1.52; 95% CI = 1.22-2.12), and when vaccination was recommended by a doctor (OR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.56-2.39).

CONCLUSION

The results of our study highlighted parents' lack of information about HPV infection and the HPV vaccine. They also revealed a clear lack of HPV vaccination coverage and identified the reasons for reluctance to vaccinate against HPV. Much remains to be done to increase the rate of HPV vaccination in Morocco.

Exploring human papillomavirus vaccine hesitancy among college students and the potential of virtual reality technology to increase vaccine acceptance: a mixed-methods study

Background

Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cancers in men and women. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, HPV vaccination coverage remains suboptimal among college students. Literature showed that hesitancy for HPV vaccination is a leading barrier to the uptake in this group. However, prior interventions have shown limitations in reducing HPV vaccine hesitancy in college students. Thus, this study examined a conventional educational approach using a vaccine information statement (VIS), and subsequently explored college students' HPV vaccine hesitancy and the potential of virtual reality (VR) technology to overcoming the limitations of interventional efforts.

Methods

We employed a mixed-methods design along with convenience sampling, constituting a one-way pre- and post-intervention (HPV VIS) survey (Study A) and individual interviews (Study B). All data collections occurred with 44 college students at an urban public university at the mid-south region of the U.S. between October 2022 and April 2023. Study A assessed changes in HPV vaccination outcomes including knowledge, beliefs/attitudes, vaccine hesitancy, and intentions. Study B measured college students' primary reasons for HPV vaccine hesitancy and preferred strategies for the vaccination promotion including VR-based education. We conducted paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test for quantitative data and framework analysis for qualitative data.

Results

Participants reported significant improvements in knowledge [t(43) = 6.68, p < 0.001] regarding HPV vaccination between before and after reading the HPV VIS. No change was observed in beliefs/attitudes, vaccine hesitancy, and intentions. The framework analysis revealed college students' reasons for HPV vaccine hesitancy, needed information, and preferred strategies along with the potential of VR technology for future HPV vaccination education.

Conclusion

The findings provided essential information on designing HPV vaccination information focused on vaccine hesitancy among college students. Future research should consider these findings in developing interventions including VR to increasing HPV vaccine acceptance among college students.

Knowledge, beliefs, and practice regarding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among American college students: Application of the health belief model

Objective: To identify facilitators and barriers to human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among college students.Methods: A cross-sectional survey with college students (N = 306) between the ages of 18 and 26 was conducted using a computer-delivered survey via iPad. A survey was designed to assess HPV/HPV vaccine-related knowledge, beliefs, and vaccination practices.Results: Low completion rates for the HPV vaccination series (females: 28.9%; males: 11.5%) were observed among college students. The compliance was lower among students who were black American and did not speak English at home. In contrast, the compliance was higher among those who had received any recommendation for HPV vaccination, those with higher knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine, and higher perceived benefits of vaccination.Conclusions: Increasing knowledge of HPV infection, including the benefits of HPV vaccination and health care providers recommending the HPV vaccine, may increase HPV vaccination among college students and reduce the incidence of the disease.

An Evaluation of Knowledge and Comfort in Discussing the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Among a Sample of Physicians Practicing in South Carolina

Objective To determine knowledge and comfort in discussing the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine among a sample of physicians practicing in South Carolina. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study utilized a 33-question survey assessing knowledge of HPV, the HPV vaccine, and comfort in discussing associated topics with patients among a sample of physicians across the state of South Carolina. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed. Results Of the total 66 participants, most self-reported having sufficient knowledge about HPV, yet responses to fact-based questions yielded an average score of only 7.03/13. Most felt comfortable discussing HPV, while some reported discomfort discussing sex-related topics (3.6%). A positive significant correlation was determined between having sufficient knowledge of HPV and comfort levels discussing both HPV and sex-related topics ((p-value < 0.001), (p = .0028)), comfort levels discussing HPV and comfort levels discussing sex (p = .0030), and comfort level discussing sex and previous communication training (Mantel-Haenszel chi-square = 0.0447). Conclusions The results of this study support the role of future interventions aimed at increasing the HPV knowledge base and training in discussions of sex for providers to help increase HPV vaccination rates in South Carolina.

Knowledge and perceptions regarding Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and willingness to receive HPV vaccination among university students in a north-eastern city in Turkey

BACKGROUND

For a HPV vaccination program to be successful, it is important that the target population has sufficient knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccines. The aim of this study was to evaluate HPV-related knowledge levels among students at a university in northern Turkey, to assess vaccination willingness, and to determine factors associated with HPV-related knowledge.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 824 (93.1%) students studying at 16 different faculties. The study population was identified through the proportional stratified sampling method. Data were collected through a questionnaire including socio-demographic characteristics and the HPV Knowledge Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify factors that may be associated with knowledge scores.

RESULTS

43.6% of the students had never heard of HPV, 50.6% of them had never heard of HPV screening tests or HPV vaccination. Only 2.7% of the students were vaccinated against HPV and 15.7% were willing to receive HPV vaccination. Awareness of HPV and willingness to receive vaccination were found to be higher among women, while previous experience with sexual intercourse was higher in men (p < 0.05). The mean HPV knowledge score was quite low (6.74 ± 7.13 out of 29 points). The studying in a field related to health sciences, being a senior student, intending to be vaccinated, being a woman, having had sex were found to be associated with high knowledge levels (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Educational programmes should be developed to increase university students' knowledge about HPV and the HPV vaccine.

Association between Sexual Activity and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Initiation and Completion among College Students

HPV vaccination is most effective if received before initiation of sexual activity. Previous studies suggested that young adult women who were not sexually active were not interested in receiving the vaccine because they did not think it was necessary. Whether this misperception is still prevalent today-and also shared by men-is unknown. This study examined whether sexual activity was associated with HPV vaccine uptake (initiation and completion) among university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and May 2021 among students (n = 951) at a public Midwestern University. Sexual activity was categorized as "never" or "ever" had oral and/or vaginal sex. Outcome variables were HPV vaccine initiation, defined as receipt of ≥1 dose, and completion, defined as receipt of ≥3 doses. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the association between sexual activity and HPV vaccine uptake, adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Approximately 18% of students reported never engaging in sexual activity. Overall, 45.5% initiated the HPV vaccine, and 16.5% completed the vaccine series. After adjusting for covariates, compared to students that reported never engaging in sexual activity, those that had ever engaged in sexual activity were more likely to have initiated the vaccine series (aOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.34-3.17); however, no difference was observed for completion. HPV vaccination was low; sexually naïve students were less likely to initiate the HPV vaccine. Since sexually naïve students may benefit from receiving the HPV vaccination, targeted interventions should be implemented towards this population to help increase vaccination rates and prevent HPV-associated diseases.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge, beliefs, and vaccine uptake among United States and international college students

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine, college student's beliefs toward HPV, and HPV vaccine uptake between US and international college students studying in the US. Participants: The study was conducted using a sample (N = 588) of college students from a university in the South Central US. Methods: Study measures was derived from previously validated measures. Data were collected via an online survey using Qualtrics. Results: Significant differences were found in HPV awareness, HPV vaccine awareness, and HPV vaccine uptake between US and international college students. Conclusion: This study showed existing disparities between US and international college students regarding HPV and HPV vaccine awareness, and HPV vaccine uptake. College health centers can play a crucial role in raising awareness of HPV and HPV vaccination rates by organizing various intervention programs to reduce these disparities.

Papillomavirus Infection and Prevention: How Much Does the Sicilian Population Know? An Observational Study

Human papillomavirus is a sexually transmitted virus that is responsible not only for uterine cervical cancer, but also for the oral and oropharyngeal cancers. In this latter case, the virus indiscriminately affects both sexes at any age. Vaccination plays a key role in preventing infection and its possible consequences. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the degree of awareness of papillomavirus infection and its possible prevention in the Sicilian population. A prospective observational study was carried out on the Sicilian population through a self-administered questionnaire, consisting of 10 multiple-choice questions. The survey lasted from June 2021 to December 2021. A total of 844 respondents were included: 60.90% were female and 53.55% were aged between 21 and 30 years. Most of the surveyed population knew about the virus and the existence of the vaccine, however, many of them did not know about virus's effects on the oral and oropharyngeal sites (49.17%), or about the indication for vaccination for males (39.69%). Oral and oropharyngeal papillomavirus-related cancers are an increasingly frequent finding, especially in young adults. Therefore, it is necessary and quite mandatory to educate the population about the risks that certain voluptuous habits may cause, with the help of general practitioners, schools, social media, and social networks.

Factors Associated with Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and the Intention among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional, Correlational Study

PURPOSE

To examine factors associated with overall human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination status, completion of HPV vaccination, and intention to receive vaccination among nursing students.

DESIGN

A Cross-sectional, correlational study.

METHODS

Data from 86 students were analyzed using logistic and multiple regression.

FINDINGS

Among knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, and recommendation, more positive attitudes and beliefs were the only factors associated with initiation and/or completion of HPV vaccination and the intention to receive HPV vaccination.

CONCLUSIONS

More positive attitudes and beliefs need to be enhanced for HPV vaccination.

CLINICAL EVIDENCE

Changes in attitudes and beliefs can be important targets of interventions to increase HPV vaccination.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine knowledge, the intention to vaccinate, and HPV vaccination uptake among male college students

ObjectiveThis systematic mixed studies review aims to summarize the results of available research on knowledge of the human papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV vaccine, the intention to vaccinate, and HPV vaccination uptake among male college students. Methods: PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, PsycINFO, JSTOR, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar searches were performed to identify studies. A total of 39 studies were included in this review. Results: Most studies were cross-sectional (n = 27) and used convenience samples (n = 18). Although many students were aware of HPV and the HPV vaccine, gaps in their knowledge about the mode of transmission, symptoms, risk factors, and HPV vaccine mechanism were evident. The cost of HPV vaccination and concerns about safety and side effects were the most frequently reported barriers to obtaining the vaccination. Conclusion: More effort to increase knowledge about HPV and the uptake of the HPV vaccination among college men in the United States is necessary.

Awareness, attitudes and acceptability of the HPV vaccine among female university students in Morocco

Background

In Morocco, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer affecting women behind breast cancer. The Human PapillomaVirus (HPV) vaccine has been available in Morocco since 2008 but its introduction in the national immunization program is still under discussion. There is limited data regarding acceptability and predictors of HPV vaccine acceptability among Moroccan young women. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness of female university students of HPV and the vaccine and to identify predictors of HPV vaccine acceptability.

Methods

We conducted a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire with 1087 participants in six Moroccan universities between May 2019 and June 2020.

Results

The awareness of HPV infection was 14.7% and of HPV vaccine was 7.8%. The rate of immunization coverage against HPV was less than 1%. Over 67% of participants were willing to receive the HPV vaccine. Awareness of cervical cancer (p-Value = 0.04) and the HPV vaccine (p-Value = 0.01), and acceptability of Pap smear test (p-Value <0.01) were significant predictors of HPV vaccine acceptability.

Conclusions

This study revealed an insufficient amounts of awareness of HPV and of HPV vaccine uptake in a sample of Moroccan university young women. This lack of awareness needs intervention, and it is important to develop an awareness program for young female population either within or outside universities in order to promote vaccination uptake and ultimately lower the cervical cancer rate in Morocco.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and vaccination: A cross-sectional study of college students' knowledge, awareness, and attitudes in Villanova, PA

Human papillomaviruses are major causative agents of multiple cancers including cervical, vulvar, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. Almost all sexually active individuals are exposed to HPV in their lifetime and although not all HPV genotypes are capable of causing cancers, several high-risk subtypes widely circulate. Several HPV vaccines have been developed and successfully utilized to limit the spread of these viruses and reduce rates of associated cancers. Despite their success, HPV vaccination rates in the United States remain low. Studies estimate the highest prevalence of HPV in the United States is among college students. This makes college students an important target for interventions that promote HPV vaccination and prevention. To this end, we were interested in investigating the relationship between low HPV vaccine uptake and attitudes and awareness about HPV vaccination among college aged students. We designed a survey to assess knowledge and perception of HPV and HPV vaccination that could help identify correlations between this knowledge and vaccination status. Overall, the data suggest that factors beyond basic knowledge about HPV infections, such as vaccine safety and social acceptance of vaccination, may have important impacts on vaccination rates. More robust education in these areas, supplemented with education about the benefits of HPV vaccination could be utilized to improve vaccination rates.

Perceptions of and barriers to cancer screening by the sexual and gender minority community: a glimpse into the health care disparity

PURPOSE

A disparity exists in cancer screening rates for the Sexual and Gender Minority (SGM) community. We sought to understand the perceptions and baseline knowledge of cancer screening among SGM community members.

METHODS

Survey administered via social media from June 2018 to October 2018. We asked 31 questions focused on cancer screening, human papillomavirus, emotional distress, and experience with the health care system. Those included were 18 years or older. Cancer screening attitudes and knowledge, as well as perceptions of the health care system were investigated.

RESULTS

There were 422 respondents analyzed: 24.6% identified as female, 25.5% as male, 40.1% transgender, and 9.6% as other. 65.4% of the SGM community is not certain what cancer screening to do for themselves. Only 27.3% and 55.7% knew that HPV was a risk factor associated with head and neck cancer and anal cancer, respectively. Half stated their emotional distress prevents them from getting cancer screening. It was identified that process changes in making appointments, comforts during the visit, and formal training for physicians and nurses could increase cancer screening compliance for this community. The transgender population had a trend in more gaps in knowledge of appropriate cancer screening and significant excess emotional distress.

CONCLUSION

Gaps in cancer screening knowledge and emotional and financial distress may be responsible for the disparity of lower cancer screening rates for the SGM population and the transgender population may be most at risk. Appreciating the cancer screening concerns of the SGM population can help shape future clinical and institutional approaches to improve health care delivery.

What do Young People Think About HPV and HPV Vaccination? The Role of Health Education Interventions and Health Professionals

Background

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide and its highest prevalence is observed in adolescents and young adults. This review examined studies that explore awareness about HPV among adolescents and young adults, as well as their attitudes and willingness towards the HPV vaccine. Besides, the impact of health professionals and health education interventions on HPV awareness and attitudes towards HPV vaccine is identified.

Objective

The aim of this review is, firstly, to systematically identify the studies that explore awareness about HPV among adolescents and young adults, as well as their attitudes and willingness towards the HPV vaccine. Secondly, the aim is to identify the impact of health professionals and health education interventions on HPV awareness and attitudes towards HPV vaccine among the same group.

Methods

The systematic review was conducted in the international databases PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, between 2016-2019.

Results

The review revealed low to moderate levels of awareness and knowledge regarding HPV (10 studies), while a more favorable attitude towards the HPV vaccine (3 studies). The role of health professionals was ineffective (4 studies), while studies focused on the impact of health education interventions showed a positive impact on knowledge and awareness of HPV (4 studies).

Conclusion

Continuous training of health personnel is necessary and new studies are needed to identify barriers to adolescents not being vaccinated.

Longitudinal assessment of nonavalent vaccine HPV types in a sample of sexually active African American women from ten U.S. Cities

BACKGROUND

Chronic infection with high-risk human papillomavirus is a necessary cause for cervical carcinogenesis. This study examined prevalence of nonavalent vaccine preventable HPV types over four months among sexually active women in the United States.

METHODS

This sub-study obtained meta-data for 80 of the 1,365 women (18-25 years), enrolled in the BRAVO study, a randomized, open-label trial of home screening and treatment of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis at high-risk for sexually transmitted infections conducted between 2008 and 2013. Participants were randomized to treatment or standard-of-care, and followed every 2-months for 12 months. Stored vaginal swabs from the first three visits were tested for the nine vaccine preventable HPV types using quantitative PCR. Prevalence and associated 95% confidence intervals for the HPV types were assessed using R (version 3.6.1).

RESULTS

The average age of the participants was 21.5 (SD ± 2.11) years, with 60% having ever been pregnant and all were African-American. Majority (71%) reported ≥ two sex partners in the prior year with 89% having unprotected vaginal sex and 45% having a new sex partner in the prior year. About 30% had ≥ one of the nine nonavalent vaccine HPV types at all three time points over a period of four months, 15% at two of any three visits, 19% at one of the three visits and 36% were negative for all nine vaccine HPV types at all time points. The most frequently detected HPV vaccine types were 52, 58, 16, and 18. The prevalence of any vaccine HPV types, and high-risk HPV types was 63.8% and 58.8%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings suggest that HPV vaccination which is currently recommended for all unvaccinated persons through age 26 years, is likely to be more beneficial than previously thought as nonavalent HPV vaccine was not available during the time these data were collected.

Correlates of human papillomavirus vaccine knowledge and acceptability among medical and allied health students in Northern Nigeria

Prior to its planned introduction, we investigated predictors of baseline knowledge and acceptability of HPV vaccination among medical and allied health care students in Kano, northern Nigeria. A total of 410 medical, dental and allied health students completed structured validated questionnaires. Knowledge scores and acceptability of HPV vaccine were determined and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for predictors of HPV knowledge and acceptability were derived from multivariate logistic regression models. Overall, 3.7% (n = 15), 30.7% (n = 126) and 65.6% (n = 269) of respondents had good, moderate, and poor knowledge of HPV, respectively. The majority 334 (81.5%) were willing to accept the HPV vaccine, but only 18 (4.4%) had received at least one dose of the vaccine. Knowledge of HPV was better among females, younger (<20 years) medical students, students at higher levels of study, sexually experienced students, and condom users. HPV vaccine acceptance was higher among female students in the faculty of allied health with a family history of cervical cancer and good or moderate knowledge of HPV. In conclusion, most students were willing to receive HPV vaccination, despite their sub-optimal level of knowledge and low vaccine uptake. We recommend piloting the HPV vaccine in health colleges and recruiting early adopters as peer educators and advocates.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccine has been introduced in over 80 countries in the past decade, but evidence suggests low awareness of HPV infection and the vaccine, especially in developing countries. Nigeria proposes to introduce the HPV vaccine as part of the routine immunisation program in early 2021.What do the results of this study add? The majority of medical and allied health students in Kano, Nigeria, were willing to receive HPV vaccination, despite their sub-optimal level of knowledge and low vaccine uptake. Vaccine acceptance was predicted by the respondent's sex, course of study, family history of cervical cancer and knowledge of HPV.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The findings could inform program implementation and evaluation as HPV vaccine uptake is scaled up across Africa.

Knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness about human papillomavirus vaccination among medical students in Jordan

Objectives

To assess the knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV infection and the awareness towards and perceived barriers of HPV vaccination amid medical students in Jordan.

Methods

The present study is a cross-sectional survey that was conducted for a period of three months in the College of Medicine at six different universities in Jordan. Third-year to sixth-year students from these medical colleges in Jordan were invited to participate in the study.

Results

There were 504 students that took part in the study with 42.3% being males and 57.7% females. The mean knowledge score of students in our survey was 21.4 ± 4.4 out of 34, which was categorized as a moderate level of knowledge regarding cervical cancer and HPV. Only 40.5% knew about the availability of the HPV vaccine in Jordan, and 65.9% accepted the idea that it is necessary to introduce the HPV vaccine for school girls in Jordan.

Conclusions

This study highlights that there is inadequate knowledge about cervical cancer and its screening among medical students in Jordan. Despite the limited awareness about the HPV vaccine among the study’s participants, there is a favorable opinion towards the introduction of the vaccine for school girls in Jordan. The data provide a benchmark on the level of knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness about HPV, which can be used to formulate an effective awareness program.

Factors associated with HPV vaccination initiation among United States college students

Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the U.S. despite widespread availability of a safe, effective vaccine. Although young adults are at greatest risk of HPV infection, extensive vaccine promotion and intervention efforts has been directed toward 11-12-year-olds. College students represent an ideal audience for HPV vaccine "catch-up;" however, research indicates inconsistent HPV vaccination rates within this demographic. An online survey assessing HPV and HPV vaccine knowledge and behaviors was distributed to all undergraduate college students at a large, public university in the Deep South region of the U.S. The primary outcome was receipt of HPV vaccination (binary response options of Yes/No). Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of HPV vaccination. Of the 1,725 who completed the survey, 47.0% reported having received at least one dose of HPV vaccine; overall series completion (series = 3 doses for this population) was 17.4%. The primary outcome was HPV initiation among college students, defined as having received at least one dose of the HPV vaccine. Results indicated substantial gaps in participants' knowledge of their vaccination status. Provider and parental recommendations as well as social influences were shown to significantly impact student vaccination status, emphasizing the importance of incorporating these elements in future interventions, potentially as multi-level strategies. Future college interventions should address HPV and vaccination knowledge and the importance of provider and parental recommendations.

Reported rationales for HPV vaccination vs. Non-vaccination among undergraduate and medical students in South Carolina

Objective: We sought to identify factors that influence Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates in individuals at two higher education institutions in South Carolina (SC).Participants: We surveyed 1007 students with a mean age and standard deviation of 20.3 ± 3.3 from September 2018 to December 2018.Methods: Participants answered 13 questions, assessing HPV vaccination rates, demographics, and rationales for vaccination vs. non-vaccination.Results: Of 1007 respondents, 700 received HPV vaccination, 165 were unvaccinated, 75 received partial vaccination and 138 were uncertain. Commonalities in HPV vaccination existed between females (p = 0.037), individuals who received standard childhood vaccinations (p = 0.04), and those not native-born in SC (p < 0.001). Of non-vaccinated individuals, 37% "never thought about vaccination," 32% did not perceive a need for vaccination, and 31% reported vaccine safety as reasons for not receiving the vaccine.Conclusions: Promotion of HPV vaccination may benefit from targeting SC natives, males, and individuals who are under-vaccinated or unvaccinated.

Evaluating a Technology-Mediated HPV Vaccination Awareness Intervention: A Controlled, Quasi-Experimental, Mixed Methods Study

College-aged women and men are an important catch-up population for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination interventions. Limited research has explored technology-mediated HPV vaccination awareness interventions aimed at college students. The purpose was to evaluate a novel, technology-mediated, social media-based intervention to promote HPV vaccination among college students. A controlled, quasi-experimental, mixed methods study examined the feasibility of a technology-based intervention among two undergraduate classes (n = 58) at a public university in the southeastern United States of America. Classes were randomized to receive one of two cancer prevention programs (i.e., HPV vaccination (intervention) or healthy weight (control)). Both programs contained eight technology-mediated sessions, including weekly emails and private Facebook group posts. Participants completed pre-/post-test surveys and submitted weekly qualitative reflections. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic review for qualitative data. Knowledge improved among participants in the HPV vaccination intervention relative to those in the control condition. Participants (97%) interacted on Facebook by "liking" a post or comment or posting a comment. Participants demonstrated robust engagement and high treatment satisfaction. Results suggests that social media is an effective platform to reach college students with health promotion interventions and increase HPV vaccination awareness in this important catch-up population.

HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer: Knowledge and attitude/beliefs among non-clinical staff at community-based HIV/AIDS Service Organizations (ASO) in the south United States (U.S.) census region

This study describes knowledge and attitude/beliefs about HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer among non-clinical staff, at community-based HIV/AIDS Service Organizations (ASOs) located in the Southern U.S. states of South Carolina and Texas. It also explores the difference in knowledge and attitude/beliefs between Texas-based (n = 21) and South Carolina-based (n = 30) ASO staff. The ASOs in our study provide comprehensive HIV prevention, supportive and care services to individuals living with HIV/AIDS or at risk for HIV/AIDS, through partnerships and collaborations. We collected data from the two Texas-based ASOs in 2018 and the three South Carolina-based ASOs in 2016 via a 118-item, self-administered needs assessment survey. Data were analysed using Stata/SE 15.1. Over half the study participants were females (59%), black (78%), heterosexual (61%) and mean age (years) 44.2 ± 12.8 SD. Most participants (73%) believed that quitting smoking positively impacts health. Alarmingly though, only 32% were aware about HPV as a risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer, and over half (53%) were unsure about the success of the HPV vaccine in preventing oropharyngeal cancer. In addition, there were no statistically significant differences observed in the oropharyngeal cancer-related knowledge and attitudes/beliefs, between ASOs in Texas and South Carolina. ASO staff work closely with people living with HIV (PLWH), who are disproportionately affected by HPV-associated cancers. The low/poor knowledge and attitudes/beliefs regarding the role of HPV in causing oropharyngeal cancer ascertain the need for equipping community health workers with adequate education/training that improves their knowledge and attitudes/beliefs about the role of HPV in causing various forms of cancer.

Knowledge and Attitude Toward Human Papillomavirus Infection and Vaccination among Thai Women: A Nationwide Social Media Survey

Objectives:

This study was performed first to assess Thai women’s knowledge and attitude toward Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and vaccination and second to find out factors associated with knowledge in this regard.

Methods:

The survey announcement was advertised via Facebook from 17 May 2019 to 14 June 2019 to recruit women aged 18-26 years living in Thailand. A score below 5 out of total score of 10 on the survey was considered as a poor level of knowledge. Multivariate analysis was applied to identify factors associated with HPV infection and vaccination knowledge.

Results:

A total of 1,175 participants were recruited. The participants’ median age was 22 years. Approximately, 46% of the participants had poor level of knowledge regarding HPV infection and vaccination. Factors associated with poor knowledge included low educational level (adjusted OR, 1.35; 95% CI 1.04-1.77), low family income (adjusted OR, 2.14; 95% CI 1.65-2.78), being Christian (adjusted OR, 4.04; 95% CI 1.22-13.40), being engaged in sexual intercourse (adjusted OR, 0.75; 95%CI 0.58-0.97), and being unvaccinated against HPV infection (adjusted OR, 5.74; 95% CI 3.07-10.74).

Conclusion:

Nearly half of the Thai women who participated in the survey had poor level of knowledge regarding HPV infection and vaccination, indicating a need for more effective health education intervention. Factors associated with knowledge included socioeconomic status and sexual behavior.

Knowledge, Beliefs, and Practices Among U. S. College Students Concerning Papillomavirus Vaccination

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the U.S. Data on knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to HPV vaccination among college students are limited. The purpose of this study was to provide a comprehensive description of the variables influencing HPV vaccination uptake and intention among college students. This study employed a cross sectional descriptive quantitative design. Survey data were collected online from the 181 college students, aged 18-25 years. The data were analyzed to identify the students' attitudes toward HPV vaccine (perceived potential harm, effectiveness, barriers, and uncertainty), knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine, and their intention of receiving the vaccine in the next 6 months. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regressions were conducted to examine the correlates of vaccination intention and uptake. Among 181 participants, 101 (55.8%) were had received at least one dose of HPV vaccine, 52 (28.7%) intended to receive HPV vaccine, and 28 (15.5%) did not intend to receive HPV vaccine. On average, participants responded correctly to less than half of the questions on the HPV knowledge and HPV vaccine knowledge scales, and those who were vaccinated were significantly more knowledgeable than their counterparts. Multivariate logistic regression showed HPV vaccine knowledge and uncertainty were significant factors associated with HPV vaccine uptake. Providing education designed to improve HPV and HPV vaccination knowledge and decrease feelings of uncertainty could improve college students' HPV vaccination uptake.

Do Male University Students Know Enough About Human Papillomavirus (HPV) to Make Informed Decisions About Vaccination?

Background

The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of human papillomavirus (HPV), knowledge of HPV-associated diseases, as well as willingness to undergo HPV vaccination among male university students in China, especially factors influencing vaccination willingness.

Material/Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study among university students in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei, China by using a convenience sampling method. We assessed a) the awareness of HPV, b) knowledge of HPV-associated diseases, c) willingness to undergo HPV vaccination, and d) sexual behaviors among male university students.

Results

A total of 1274 male university students aged 16 to 26 years old were recruited to complete a self-administered questionnaire. In total, 39.6% of students had awareness of HPV. Among students who were aware of HPV, the percentage of participating students who knew that HPV causes cervical cancer, genital warts, penile cancer, anal cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer were 94.0%, 66.1%, 32.7%, 20.4%, and 18.7%, respectively. In total, 79.0% knew that men can acquire HPV; 38.7% were willing to receive HPV vaccination. Age, region, and major were related to the awareness of HPV. In addition, students who had previous sexual experiences had more knowledge about HPV and were more likely to express willingness to vaccinate.

Conclusions

Male university students do not know enough about HPV infection, and males’ attitudes regarding vaccination are not sufficient. Education should be provided to promote awareness of HPV-associated diseases and vaccination.

Sexual activity and protection of reproductive health among female students

Introduction: Early sexual activity and multiple sex partners are leading risk factors for the development of sexually transmitted diseases and cervical cancer. Raising the level of knowledge about measures to protect reproductive health among young people can lead to significant reduction of same. Aim: Aim of the study is to determine sexual activity, knowledge and views on measures to protect reproductive health among female students on the University of Novi Sad. Material and methods: The survey was conducted among 269 female students, on Faculty of Philosophy, Faculty of Agriculture and Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad (age 19-24 years), from December 2018. to February 2019. An anonymous questionnaire was used as the instrument for the research. Statistical analysis was carried out in SPSS Statistics 20. Results: Early sexual activity, before 18 years had 33.7% of respondents (average age 16.44). A number of 32% of students had one, and 13.4% had 4 sexual partners or more. Condom use 62.2% of students, but 8% of women don't use any protection. One-third of students knows that HPV infection can cause cervical cancer, 60.6% didn't even hear for a vaccine against it. There is a statistically significant difference in knowledge about reproductive health in terms of contraceptive methods between medical female students and female students on other faculties, as well. Conclusion: There is a significant percentage of female students who had early sexual activity and low knowledge about reproductive health. This points to the need for more intense sex education in order to raise the level of knowledge about measures to protect reproductive health.

Knowledge, attitude and uptake of human papillomavirus vaccination among female undergraduates in Lagos State, Nigeria

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a known cause of cervical cancer which is the second-most common cancer among women worldwide. HPV vaccination is a primary prevention to reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer. This study assessed knowledge, attitude and uptake of HPV vaccine among female undergraduates in Lagos State Polytechnic (LASPOTECH).

METHODS

A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 female undergraduates of LASPOTECH in August 2018. Participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique and data was collected with a pretested, self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS version 20. Statistically significant level was set at P ≤ 0.05.

RESULTS

Mean age of respondents was 21.3 ± 2 years. Only 11 (3%) of the respondents had good knowledge of HPV and the vaccine. However, majority of the respondents 356 (92.7%) had positive attitude towards uptake of HPV vaccine. Only 10 (2.6%) of the respondents had received a single dose of HPV vaccine. Age, level of study and number of sexual partners of the respondents were statistically significantly associated with knowledge and attitude towards the HPV vaccine (P ≤ 0.05). The most common reason stated by the respondents for none uptake of HPV vaccine was lack of information.

CONCLUSION

Knowledge and uptake of HPV vaccination among the respondents were poor. However, majority had positive attitude towards uptake of the vaccine. It is recommended that information on HPV and the vaccine should be made available to increase the knowledge and the uptake among female undergraduates in Lagos State.

Human Papillomavirus Infection and Vaccination: Knowledge, Attitude and Perception among Undergraduate Men and Women Healthcare University Students in Switzerland

Background: Human Papillomavirus is a common sexually transmitted infection, representing the main cause of genital warts and cervical cancer. The objective of this study was to evaluate basic knowledge and beliefs regarding HPV infection and HPV vaccine among undergraduate healthcare men and women students, as well as their attitudes towards HPV vaccine. Methods: Undergraduate women and men (nursing and midwifery curses) attending three Schools of Health Sciences located in Switzerland. A total of 427 women and 223 men have completed the web questionnaire, which included questions on their socio-demographic background and about basic knowledge and attitudes toward the HPV infection and vaccination. Results: Women undergraduate students have a better knowledge of HPV infection than their men counterparts, although there was a significant gap in knowledge of the disease’s mode of transmission and prevention. Among women, 72.6% of respondents reported having received at least one dose of HPV vaccines versus 31.4% for men respondents. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed a poor understanding among undergraduate healthcare men and women students about the HPV infection, its mode of transmission and its prevention. Our findings highlight the need to improve education on HPV for undergraduate healthcare students in order to increase the awareness of the disease.

A significant portion of college students are not aware of HPV disease and HPV vaccine recommendations

There is limited data on the HPV immunization status of Latino/Hispanic youth in the USA. In Los Angeles County in 2015, 54,973 (34.3%) college students were of Latino/Hispanic background. We examined Los Angeles County college students’ awareness of HPV and HPV-related disease, HPV vaccine recommendations, and their vaccination status. This study surveyed 212 Los Angeles college students from January to April 2018. In a convenience sampling study, a 31-question, IRB-approved survey was administered face-to-face to college students 18 years and older at California State University settings in Los Angeles County. Almost two-thirds of the male (65%) and half of the female (51.6%) respondents did not know that the HPV vaccine is recommended through 26 years of age, and 47.6% did not know they can get the HPV vaccine at the college student health center or youth-friendly clinics. Ethnicity, family income, and the highest level of education in the family had a significant impact on immunization rates. Self-reported and actual HPV knowledge levels were significantly associated with vaccination status. Educational strategies focusing on the logistics of receiving the HPV vaccine and HPV vaccine catch-up eligibility for college students may be effective in decreasing racial disparities in vaccine receipt.