1
|
Cederlöf ET, Lager S, Larsson A, Sundström Poromaa I, Lindahl B, Wikström A, Christersson C. Biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease in women with spontaneous preterm birth: A case-control study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2024; 103:970-979. [PMID: 38379394 PMCID: PMC11019525 DOI: 10.1111/aogs.14813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Women with spontaneous preterm birth have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Studies suggest potential pathophysiological mechanisms in common, but whether these could be identified by measurement of soluble circulating protein biomarkers in women with spontaneous preterm birth is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if protein biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease distinguish women with spontaneous preterm birth from healthy controls, both at pregnancy and at follow up. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study participants were identified in the population-based Uppsala biobank of pregnant women in Sweden, where plasma samples were collected in mid-pregnancy. In a first screening phase, we identified participants who subsequently experienced spontaneous preterm birth (<37 weeks) in the index pregnancy (N = 13) and controls (N = 6). In these samples, differences in protein expression were examined by comparative mass spectrometry. In a second validation phase, we invited 100 cases with previous spontaneous preterm birth in the index pregnancy and 100 controls (matched for age, body mass index, and year of delivery) from the same source population, to a follow-up visit 4-15 years after pregnancy. At follow up, we collected plasma samples and data on cardiovascular risk factors. We measured concentrations of selected biomarkers identified in the screening phase, as well as lipid profiles in samples both from pregnancy (biobank) and follow up. CLINICALTRIALS gov registration NCT05693285. RESULTS In the screening phase, fibrinogen, cadherin-5, complement C5, factor XII, plasma kallikrein, apolipoprotein M, and vitamin D-binding protein differed significantly at pregnancy. In the validation phase, 65 women agreed to participate (35 cases and 30 controls), with a median follow-up time of 11.8 years since pregnancy. The concentration of fibrinogen (p = 0.02) and triglycerides (p = 0.03) were slightly higher in cases compared with matched controls at follow up. CONCLUSIONS Compared with women without preterm birth, those with spontaneous preterm birth had slightly higher concentrations of fibrinogen, both at mid-pregnancy and a decade after pregnancy. Additionally, we found slightly higher concentration of triglycerides at follow up in women with previous spontaneous preterm birth. The relevance of this finding is uncertain but might indicate potential pathophysiological mechanisms in common between spontaneous preterm birth and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne Lager
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical ChemistryUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | | | - Bertil Lindahl
- Department of Medical Sciences, CardiologyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Uppsala Clinical Research CenterUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang Y, Zhu X, Shen Y, He Y, Fan H, Xu X, Zhou L, Zhu Y, Xue X, Zhang Q, Du X, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Liu C, Niu Y, Cai J, Kan H, Chen R. Mechanistic insights into cardiovascular effects of ultrafine particle exposure: A longitudinal panel study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108714. [PMID: 38718674 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrafine particle (UFP) has been linked with higher risks of cardiovascular diseases; however, the biological mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the cardiovascular responses to short-term UFP exposure and the biological pathways involved. METHODS A longitudinal panel study was conducted among 32 healthy, non-smoking young adults in Shanghai, China, who were engaged in five rounds of follow-ups between December 2020 and November 2021. Individual exposures were calculated based on the indoor and outdoor real-time measurements. Blood pressure, arterial stiffness, targeted biomarkers, and untargeted proteomics and metabolomics were examined during each follow-up. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to analyze the exposure and health data. The differential proteins and metabolites were used for pathway enrichment analyses. RESULTS Short-term UFP exposure was associated with significant increases in blood pressure and arterial stiffness. For example, systolic blood pressure increased by 2.10 % (95 % confidence interval: 0.63 %, 3.59 %) corresponding to each interquartile increase in UFP concentrations at lag 0-3 h, while pulse wave velocity increased by 2.26 % (95 % confidence interval: 0.52 %, 4.04 %) at lag 7-12 h. In addition, dozens of molecular biomarkers altered significantly. These effects were generally present within 24 h after UFP exposure, and were robust to the adjustment of co-pollutants. Molecular changes detected in proteomics and metabolomics analyses were mainly involved in systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, coagulation, and disturbance in lipid transport and metabolism. DISCUSSION This study provides novel and compelling evidence on the detrimental subclinical cardiovascular effects in response to short-term UFP exposure. The multi-omics profiling further offers holistic insights into the underlying biological pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Jiang
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlei Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu He
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Fan
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyi Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixiang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Xue
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingli Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xihao Du
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Niu
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, China.
| | - Renjie Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ting KK, Coleman P, Kim HJ, Zhao Y, Mulangala J, Cheng NC, Li W, Gunatilake D, Johnstone DM, Loo L, Neely GG, Yang P, Götz J, Vadas MA, Gamble JR. Vascular senescence and leak are features of the early breakdown of the blood-brain barrier in Alzheimer's disease models. GeroScience 2023; 45:3307-3331. [PMID: 37782439 PMCID: PMC10643714 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00927-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related disease, with loss of integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) being an early feature. Cellular senescence is one of the reported nine hallmarks of aging. Here, we show for the first time the presence of senescent cells in the vasculature in AD patients and mouse models of AD. Senescent endothelial cells and pericytes are present in APP/PS1 transgenic mice but not in wild-type littermates at the time of amyloid deposition. In vitro, senescent endothelial cells display altered VE-cadherin expression and loss of cell junction formation and increased permeability. Consistent with this, senescent endothelial cells in APP/PS1 mice are present at areas of vascular leak that have decreased claudin-5 and VE-cadherin expression confirming BBB breakdown. Furthermore, single cell sequencing of endothelial cells from APP/PS1 transgenic mice confirms that adhesion molecule pathways are among the most highly altered pathways in these cells. At the pre-plaque stage, the vasculature shows significant signs of breakdown, with a general loss of VE-cadherin, leakage within the microcirculation, and obvious pericyte perturbation. Although senescent vascular cells were not directly observed at sites of vascular leak, senescent cells were close to the leak area. Thus, we would suggest in AD that there is a progressive induction of senescence in constituents of the neurovascular unit contributing to an increasing loss of vascular integrity. Targeting the vasculature early in AD, either with senolytics or with drugs that improve the integrity of the BBB may be valid therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Ka Ting
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Paul Coleman
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Hani Jieun Kim
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jocelyne Mulangala
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ngan Ching Cheng
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Wan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dilini Gunatilake
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel M Johnstone
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Lipin Loo
- Charles Perkins Centre, Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Centenary Institute, & School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - G Gregory Neely
- Charles Perkins Centre, Dr. John and Anne Chong Lab for Functional Genomics, Centenary Institute, & School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Pengyi Yang
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Jürgen Götz
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mathew A Vadas
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer R Gamble
- Vascular Biology Program, Centenary Institute, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bouillet L, Deroux A, Benmarce M, Guérin C, Bouvet L, Garnier O, Martin DK, Vilgrain I. Molecular Mechanisms of Endothelialitis in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Evidence for VE-Cadherin Cleavage by ACE2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12525. [PMID: 37569899 PMCID: PMC10419376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Long COVID-19 syndrome appears after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus (SARS-CoV-2) infection with acute damage to microcapillaries, microthrombi, and endothelialitis. However, the mechanisms involved in these processes remain to be elucidated. All blood vessels are lined with a monolayer of endothelial cells called vascular endothelium, which provides a the major function is to prevent coagulation. A component of endothelial cell junctions is VE-cadherin, which is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the vessels through homophilic interactions of its Ca++-dependent adhesive extracellular domain. Here we provide the first evidence that VE-cadherin is a target in vitro for ACE2 cleavage because its extracellular domain (hrVE-ED) contains two amino acid sequences for ACE2 substrate recognition at the positions 256P-F257 and 321PMKP-325L. Indeed, incubation of hrVE-ED with the active ectopeptidase hrACE2 for 16 hrs in the presence of 10 μM ZnCl2 showed a dose-dependent (from 0.2 ng/μL to 2 ng/μL) decrease of the VE-cadherin immunoreactive band. In vivo, in the blood from patients having severe COVID-19 we detected a circulating form of ACE2 with an apparent molecular mass of 70 kDa, which was barely detectable in patients with mild COVID-19. Of importance, in the patients with severe COVID-19 disease, the presence of three soluble fragments of VE-cadherin (70, 62, 54 kDa) were detected using the antiEC1 antibody while only the 54 kDa fragment was present in patients with mild disease. Altogether, these data clearly support a role for ACE2 to cleave VE-cadherin, which leads to potential biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 infection related with the vascular disease in "Long COVID-19".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Bouillet
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG/T-RAIG (UMR 5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (L.B.)
- Grenoble Hospital Grenoble Alpes (CHUGA), University Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
- Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Grenoble Alpes, CEDEX 9, 38043 Grenoble, France;
| | - Alban Deroux
- Grenoble Hospital Grenoble Alpes (CHUGA), University Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Meryem Benmarce
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG/SyNaBi (UMR 5525), 38000 Grenoble, France (D.K.M.)
| | - Chloé Guérin
- Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Grenoble Alpes, CEDEX 9, 38043 Grenoble, France;
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U13, CEA, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research of Grenoble (IRIG), Laboratory of Biosciences et Bioingénierie Pour la Santé (BGE)-Biomics, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laura Bouvet
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG/T-RAIG (UMR 5525), 38000 Grenoble, France; (L.B.)
| | - Olivia Garnier
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U13, CEA, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research of Grenoble (IRIG), Laboratory of Biosciences et Bioingénierie Pour la Santé (BGE)-Biomics, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Donald K. Martin
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG/SyNaBi (UMR 5525), 38000 Grenoble, France (D.K.M.)
| | - Isabelle Vilgrain
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U13, CEA, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research of Grenoble (IRIG), Laboratory of Biosciences et Bioingénierie Pour la Santé (BGE)-Biomics, 38000 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iba T, Levy JH, Thachil J, Susen S, Levi M, Scarlatescu E. Communication from the Scientific Standardization Committees of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis on vascular endothelium-related biomarkers in disseminated intravascular coagulation. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:691-699. [PMID: 36696178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is not a disease criterion but a pathomechanistic process that accompanies various underlying diseases. According to the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis definition, endothelial injury is an essential component in addition to systemic coagulation activation. Despite this definition, current diagnostic criteria for DIC do not include biomarkers for vascular endothelial injury. Endothelial cells are critical for hemostatic regulation because they produce various antithrombotic substances and express anticoagulant factors at the same time as facilitating coagulation, inflammatory reactions, platelet aggregation, and fibrinolysis with acute injury. Endothelial cells also exhibit various receptors, adhesion molecules, and the critical role of glycocalyx that regulates cellular interactions in thromboinflammation. For clinicians, biomarkers suitable for assessing endothelial injury are not readily available. Although we still do not have ideal biomarkers, antithrombin activity and von Willebrand factor can be candidates for the endothelium-related markers because those reflect the severity and are available in most clinical settings. Further, the dysfunction of endothelial cell in DIC arising from various underlying diseases is likely highly variable. For example, the involvement of endothelial dysfunction is significant in sepsis-induced coagulopathy, while moderate in trauma-induced coagulopathy, and variable in hematologic malignancy-associated coagulopathy. Because of the complexity of disease status associated with DIC, further research searching clinically available endothelium-related biomarkers is expected to establish individualized diagnostic criteria and potential therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Iba
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Jerrold H Levy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jecko Thachil
- Department of Haematology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
| | - Sophie Susen
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Marcel Levi
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands and Department of Medicine, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and Cardio-metabolic Programme-NIHR UCLH/UCL BRC London, UK
| | - Ecaterina Scarlatescu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila," Bucharest and Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iba T, Levi M, Levy JH. Intracellular communication and immunothrombosis in sepsis. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:2475-2484. [PMID: 35979601 PMCID: PMC9804233 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and coagulation are the critical responses to infection that include leukocytes, platelets, and vascular endothelial cells responding in concert to eradicate the invading pathogen. In sepsis, a variety of cell surface receptors, including toll-like receptors, Fcγ-receptors, G-protein-coupled receptors, and adhesion receptors, detect the pathogens and elicit thromboinflammatory responses. Concurrently, the molecular patterns released from host damaged cells accelerate the immune responses through binding to the same pattern recognition receptors. Cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular vesicles are important mediators for amplifying the responses to distant cells as part of the systemic response to infections. At the same time, cells communicate with each other via direct contact, adhesion molecules, paracrine mediators, and tunneling nanotubes, which are important for regulating inflammation and thrombus formation. Despite increasing attention to immunothrombosis in sepsis, these close communication systems are less understood but play a critical role in host defense mechanisms. In this review, cellular activation and direct intercellular communication systems in sepsis with a focus on the coagulation response will be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Iba
- Department of Emergency and Disaster MedicineJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Marcel Levi
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, the Netherlands and Department of MedicineUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and Cardio‐metabolic Programme‐NIHR UCLH/UCL BRC LondonLondonUK
| | - Jerrold H. Levy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and SurgeryDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Żurek M, Rzepakowska A, Kotuła I, Demkow U, Niemczyk K. Serum expression of Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin, CD44, Human High mobility group B1, Kallikrein 6 proteins in different stages of laryngeal intraepithelial lesions and early glottis cancer. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13104. [PMID: 35462765 PMCID: PMC9029362 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study was designed to evaluate the potential validity and utility of selected molecular markers in serum samples from patients with specific stages of laryngeal intraepithelial lesions that could serve as diagnostic tools in differentiation of benign and dysplastic lesions from invasive pathologies. Methods Prospective study included 80 consecutive patients with vocal fold lesions treated at the single otorhinolaryngology centre. All participants had surgical resection of the lesion. Blood samples were collected from each patient before the surgery. Final diagnosis was confirmed on histopathological examination and included 39 (48.75%) non-dysplastic lesions, eight (10%) low-grade dysplasia, six (7.5%) high-grade dysplasia and 27 (33.75%) invasive cancers. The ELISA procedures were performed according to the manufacturer's instruction. Individual serum concentration of selected proteins was reported in ng/ml: Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin Complex (VE-cad), CD44, Human High mobility group protein B1(HMGB1), Kallikrein 6. Results The highest mean levels of HMGB1, KLK6 and VE-cad were detected in sera of patients with low-grade dysplasia (81.14, 24.33, 14.17 respectively). Soluble CD44 was the most elevated in patients with non-dysplastic lesions (2.49). The HMGB1, KLK6 and VE-cad serum levels were increasing from non-dysplastic to low-grade dysplasia and followed by the decrease for high-grade dysplasia and invasive cancer, however the differences were not significant (p-values 0.897, 0.354, 0.1 respectively). Patients' serum had the highest CD44 concentration in non-dysplastic and low-grade dysplasia with the following decrease through high-grade dysplasia and invasive cancer. GERD symptomatic patients had higher levels of KLK6 and CD44 than other patients (p-value 0.06 and 0.084 respectively). There were no significant differences of biomarkers levels related to patients' gender (p-value from 0.243 to 1) or smoking status (p-value from 0.22 to 0.706). Conclusions VE-cad, HMGB1, CD44 and KLK6 did not prove to be reliable biomarkers implicating malignant potential within vocal fold hypertrophic intraepithelial lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Żurek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Rzepakowska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Kotuła
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Demkow
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Niemczyk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Agarwal S, Sudhini YR, Polat OK, Reiser J, Altintas MM. Renal cell markers: lighthouses for managing renal diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F715-F739. [PMID: 34632812 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00182.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys, one of the vital organs in our body, are responsible for maintaining whole body homeostasis. The complexity of renal function (e.g., filtration, reabsorption, fluid and electrolyte regulation, and urine production) demands diversity not only at the level of cell types but also in their overall distribution and structural framework within the kidney. To gain an in depth molecular-level understanding of the renal system, it is imperative to discern the components of kidney and the types of cells residing in each of the subregions. Recent developments in labeling, tracing, and imaging techniques have enabled us to mark, monitor, and identify these cells in vivo with high efficiency in a minimally invasive manner. In this review, we summarize different cell types, specific markers that are uniquely associated with those cell types, and their distribution in the kidney, which altogether make kidneys so special and different. Cellular sorting based on the presence of certain proteins on the cell surface allowed for the assignment of multiple markers for each cell type. However, different studies using different techniques have found contradictions in cell type-specific markers. Thus, the term "cell marker" might be imprecise and suboptimal, leading to uncertainty when interpreting the data. Therefore, we strongly believe that there is an unmet need to define the best cell markers for a cell type. Although the compendium of renal-selective marker proteins presented in this review is a resource that may be useful to researchers, we acknowledge that the list may not be necessarily exhaustive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Onur K Polat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li SQ, Lin YN, Li QY. Soluble VE-cadherin: not just a marker of endothelial permeability. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.02241-2021. [PMID: 34711537 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02241-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Qi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Co-first author
| | - Ying Ni Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Co-first author
| | - Qing Yun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China .,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Suo L, Fu Z, Li G, Zhang J. Pivotal role of endothelial cell autophagy in sepsis. Life Sci 2021; 276:119413. [PMID: 33794256 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a fatal organ dysfunction resulting from a disordered host response to infection. Endothelial cells (ECs) are usually the primary targets of inflammatory mediators in sepsis; damage to ECs plays a pivotal part in vital organ failure. In recent studies, autophagy was suggested to play a critical role in the ECs injury although the mechanisms by which ECs are injured in sepsis are not well elucidated. Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that includes sequestrating plasma contents and transporting cargo to lysosomes for recycling the vital substrates required for metabolism. This pathway also counteracts microbial invasion to balance and retain homeostasis, especially during sepsis. Increasing evidence indicates that autophagy is closely associated with endothelial function. The role of autophagy in sepsis may or may not be favorable depending upon conditions. In the present review, the current knowledge of autophagy in the process of sepsis and its influence on ECs was evaluated. In addition, the potential of targeting EC autophagy for clinical treatment of sepsis was discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuexian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Liangyuan Suo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shengyang, Liaoning 110042, PR China
| | - Zhiling Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China
| | - Guoqing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No. 6 Jiefang Street, Dalian, Liaoning 116001, PR China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Harki O, Tamisier R, Pépin JL, Bailly S, Mahmani A, Gonthier B, Salomon A, Vilgrain I, Faury G, Briançon-Marjollet A. VE-cadherin cleavage in sleep apnoea: new insights into intermittent hypoxia-related endothelial permeability. Eur Respir J 2021; 58:13993003.04518-2020. [PMID: 33737411 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.04518-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) causes intermittent hypoxia that in turn induces endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis progression. We hypothesised that VE-cadherin cleavage, detected by its released extracellular fragment solubilised in the blood (sVE), may be an early indicator of emergent abnormal endothelial permeability. Our aim was to assess VE-cadherin cleavage in OSA patients and in in vivo and in vitro intermittent hypoxia models to decipher the cellular mechanisms and consequences. METHODS Sera from seven healthy volunteers exposed to 14 nights of intermittent hypoxia, 43 OSA patients and 31 healthy control subjects were analysed for their sVE content. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were exposed to 6 h of intermittent hypoxia in vitro, with or without an antioxidant or inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, tyrosine kinases or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways. VE-cadherin cleavage and phosphorylation were evaluated, and endothelial permeability was assessed by measuring transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran flux. RESULTS sVE was significantly elevated in sera from healthy volunteers submitted to intermittent hypoxia and OSA patients before treatment, but conversely decreased in OSA patients after 6 months of continuous positive airway pressure treatment. OSA was the main factor accounting for sVE variations in a multivariate analysis. In in vitro experiments, cleavage and expression of VE-cadherin increased upon HAEC exposure to intermittent hypoxia. TEER decreased and FITC-dextran flux increased. These effects were reversed by all of the pharmacological inhibitors tested. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that in OSA, intermittent hypoxia increases endothelial permeability in OSA by inducing VE-cadherin cleavage through reactive oxygen species production, and activation of HIF-1, VEGF and tyrosine kinase pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Harki
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Renaud Tamisier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Louis Pépin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Bailly
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Anissa Mahmani
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Brigitte Gonthier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | - Aude Salomon
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1036, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Gilles Faury
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire HP2, Grenoble, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are vascular, nonconventional immune cells that play a major role in the systemic response after bacterial infection to limit its dissemination. Triggered by exposure to pathogens, microbial toxins, or endogenous danger signals, EC responses are polymorphous, heterogeneous, and multifaceted. During sepsis, ECs shift toward a proapoptotic, proinflammatory, proadhesive, and procoagulant phenotype. In addition, glycocalyx damage and vascular tone dysfunction impair microcirculatory blood flow, leading to organ injury and, potentially, life-threatening organ failure. This review aims to cover the current understanding of the EC adaptive or maladaptive response to acute inflammation or bacterial infection based on compelling recent basic research and therapeutic clinical trials targeting microvascular and endothelial alterations during septic shock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie Joffre
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - Judith Hellman
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - Can Ince
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Hafid Ait-Oufella
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,INSERM U970, Cardiovascular Research Center, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
van der Kwast RVCT, Parma L, van der Bent ML, van Ingen E, Baganha F, Peters HAB, Goossens EAC, Simons KH, Palmen M, de Vries MR, Quax PHA, Nossent AY. Adenosine-to-Inosine Editing of Vasoactive MicroRNAs Alters Their Targetome and Function in Ischemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:932-953. [PMID: 32814251 PMCID: PMC7452086 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing in the seed sequence of microRNAs can shift the microRNAs’ targetomes and thus their function. Using public RNA-sequencing data, we identified 35 vasoactive microRNAs that are A-to-I edited. We quantified A-to-I editing of the primary (pri-)microRNAs in vascular fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Nine pri-microRNAs were indeed edited, and editing consistently increased under ischemia. We determined mature microRNA editing for the highest expressed microRNAs, i.e., miR-376a-3p, miR-376c-3p, miR-381-3p, and miR-411-5p. All four mature microRNAs were edited in their seed sequence. We show that both ADAR1 and ADAR2 (adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 and RNA 2) can edit pri-microRNAs in a microRNA-specific manner. MicroRNA editing also increased under ischemia in vivo in a murine hindlimb ischemia model and ex vivo in human veins. For each edited microRNA, we confirmed a shift in targetome. Expression of the edited microRNA targetomes, not the wild-type targetomes, was downregulated under ischemia in vivo. Furthermore, microRNA editing enhanced angiogenesis in vitro and ex vivo. In conclusion, we show that microRNA A-to-I editing is a widespread phenomenon, induced by ischemia. Each editing event results in a novel microRNA with a unique targetome, leading to increased angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reginald V C T van der Kwast
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura Parma
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - M Leontien van der Bent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eva van Ingen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Fabiana Baganha
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hendrika A B Peters
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline A C Goossens
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Karin H Simons
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Meindert Palmen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Margreet R de Vries
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - A Yaël Nossent
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Exposure to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Disrupts Endothelial Tight and Adherens Junctions and Induces Pulmonary Inflammatory Cell Infiltration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103437. [PMID: 32414036 PMCID: PMC7279309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are frequently encountered nanomaterials in our daily lives. Despite the benefits of ZnONPs in a variety of applications, many studies have shown potential health hazards of exposure to ZnONPs. We have shown that oropharyngeal aspiration of ZnONPs in mice increases lung inflammation. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration remain to be elucidated. Endothelium functions as a barrier between the blood stream and the blood vessel wall. Endothelial barrier dysfunction may increase infiltration of immune cells into the vessel wall and underlying tissues. This current study examined the effects of ZnONPs exposure on endothelial barriers. ZnONPs exposure increased leukocyte infiltration in the mouse lungs. In endothelial cells, ZnONPs reduced the continuity of tight junction proteins claudin-5 and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) at the cell junctions. ZnONPs induced adherens junction protein VE-cadherin internalization from membrane to cytosol and dissociation with β-catenin, leading to reduced and diffused staining of VE-cadherin and β-catenin at cell junctions. Our results demonstrated that ZnONPs disrupted both tight and adherens junctions, compromising the integrity and stability of the junction network, leading to inflammatory cell infiltration. Thus, ZnONPs exposure in many different settings should be carefully evaluated for vascular effects and subsequent health impacts.
Collapse
|
15
|
Yu WK, McNeil JB, Wickersham NE, Shaver CM, Bastarache JA, Ware LB. Vascular endothelial cadherin shedding is more severe in sepsis patients with severe acute kidney injury. Crit Care 2019; 23:18. [PMID: 30658667 PMCID: PMC6339439 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-019-2315-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) is a membrane protein that is the major component of adherens junctions between endothelial cells. It is crucial for regulating vascular integrity, endothelial permeability, and angiogenesis. During inflammatory processes, VE-cadherin is shed into circulation (sVE-cadherin). Plasma sVE-cadherin is elevated in sepsis, malignancy, autoimmune diseases, and coronary atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between specific organ failures, especially severe acute kidney injury (AKI) defined by requirement for renal replacement therapy (AKI-RRT), and plasma sVE-cadherin levels in severe sepsis has not been well studied. METHODS The present study is a prospective study of critically ill adults with sepsis and acute respiratory failure (age ≥ 18 years) enrolled in the Validating Acute Lung Injury markers for Diagnosis (VALID) study. Plasma sVE-cadherin was measured at study enrollment. Primary analysis focused on the association between sVE-cadherin levels and the development of AKI, AKI-RRT, other organ dysfunction as defined by Brussels organ failure scores, pulmonary versus non-pulmonary sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS Of 228 severe sepsis patients included, 80 (35%) developed AKI-RRT. Plasma sVE-cadherin levels at enrollment were significantly higher in patients with AKI-RRT compared with patients without AKI-RRT (p = 0.003). Plasma sVE-cadherin levels by quartile were significantly higher in severe sepsis patients with acute kidney injury stage 3 (p = 0.044) as defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Patients with greater than 2 organ failures had higher plasma sVE-cadherin levels than patients with 2 or fewer organ failures (p < 0.001). In a multivariable analysis, plasma sVE-cadherin was independently associated with AKI-RRT (odds ratio 6.44 per log increase in plasma sVE-cadherin, 95% CI 1.126-36.847, p = 0.036). Plasma sVE-cadherin levels were significantly higher in patients with non-pulmonary sepsis compared to pulmonary sepsis (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Shedding of sVE-cadherin is associated with severe acute kidney injury and with more severe organ dysfunction in patients with sepsis, suggesting that breakdown of endothelial adherens junctions may contribute to the pathogenesis of organ dysfunction in sepsis. Further studies of sVE-cadherin as a biomarker of disease severity in clinical sepsis are needed to better elucidate the role of VE-cadherin shedding in sepsis-induced severe organ dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Kuang Yu
- 0000 0004 0604 5314grid.278247.cDivision of Respiratory Therapy, Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No. 201, Sec. 2, Shipai Rd., Beitou District, Taipei City, 11217 Taiwan, Republic of China ,0000 0001 0425 5914grid.260770.4Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan ,0000 0004 1936 9916grid.412807.8Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T1218 MCN, 1161 21st, Avenue S, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - J. Brennan McNeil
- 0000 0004 1936 9916grid.412807.8Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T1218 MCN, 1161 21st, Avenue S, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Nancy E. Wickersham
- 0000 0004 1936 9916grid.412807.8Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T1218 MCN, 1161 21st, Avenue S, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Ciara M. Shaver
- 0000 0004 1936 9916grid.412807.8Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T1218 MCN, 1161 21st, Avenue S, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Julie A. Bastarache
- 0000 0004 1936 9916grid.412807.8Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T1218 MCN, 1161 21st, Avenue S, Nashville, TN 37232 USA ,0000 0001 2264 7217grid.152326.1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA ,0000 0001 2264 7217grid.152326.1Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Lorraine B. Ware
- 0000 0004 1936 9916grid.412807.8Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, T1218 MCN, 1161 21st, Avenue S, Nashville, TN 37232 USA ,0000 0001 2264 7217grid.152326.1Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Barton Pai A, Garba A, Neumann P, Prokopienko AJ, Costello G, Dean MC, Narsipur S. Quantification of Lipoteichoic Acid in Hemodialysis Patients With Central Venous Catheters. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:308. [PMID: 30456212 PMCID: PMC6230575 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemodialysis patients with central venous catheters (CVCs) have chronic systemic inflammation, the source of which may be related to intraluminal bacterial biofilm. There is currently no non-invasive method to adequately evaluate intraluminal biofilm. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a Gram-positive bacterial cell wall component that is spontaneously shed. The purpose of this study was to determine whether LTA could be quantified in biological samples and to evaluate potential relationships to markers of inflammation. Heparin-locked catheter aspirate was drawn from both the arterial and venous ports of each CVC prior to dialysis initiation. Venous blood from the dialysis circuit was collected 30 min after dialysis initiation. LTA was quantified in aspirate and plasma. Key markers of inflammation (interleukin-6, and hepcidin) and endothelial dysfunction (soluble vascular endothelial cadherin) were also determined in plasma samples. Catheter aspirate and systemic blood samples were obtained from 40 hemodialysis patients. The median (range) duration of catheter use was 130 (20–1635) days. Unexpectedly, median (range) plasma LTA concentrations (ng/mL) were significantly higher than catheter aspirate LTA concentrations [3.93 (0.25–15) vs. 2.38 (0.1–8.1), respectively, p = 0.01] in the majority (70%) of patients. Area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve showed good potential prognostic value of catheter aspirate LTA predicting systemic LTA concentrations with an area under the curve of 0.815 (95% CI, 0.68–0.95). A significant correlation was found between LTA and serum ferritin (r = 0.32, p = 0.04), however, there were no significant correlations between LTA and the other inflammation biomarkers assessed. LTA is quantifiable in aspirate and plasma of hemodialysis patients with CVCs and warrants further investigation to determine potential clinical application to intraluminal biofilm evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Barton Pai
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Adinoyi Garba
- D'Youville College School of Pharmacy, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Paul Neumann
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Alexander J Prokopienko
- Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Gabrielle Costello
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Michael C Dean
- College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Sriram Narsipur
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory state in obesity causes dysregulation of the endocrine and paracrine actions of adipocyte-derived factors, which disrupt vascular homeostasis and contribute to endothelial vasodilator dysfunction and subsequent hypertension. While normal healthy perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) ensures the dilation of blood vessels, obesity-associated PVAT leads to a change in profile of the released adipo-cytokines, resulting in a decreased vasorelaxing effect. Adipose tissue inflammation, nitric oxide (NO)-bioavailability, insulin resistance and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) are main participating factors in endothelial dysfunction of obesity. In this chapter, disruption of inter-endothelial junctions between endothelial cells, significant increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammation mediators, which are originated from inflamed endothelial cells, the balance between NO synthesis and ROS , insulin signaling and NO production, and decrease in L-arginine/endogenous asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) ratio are discussed in connection with endothelial dysfunction in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atilla Engin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey.
- , Mustafa Kemal Mah. 2137. Sok. 8/14, 06520, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|