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Jarnecke AM, Saraiya TC. Identifying best practices for substance-related intimate partner violence screening and referral: a narrative review. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1380102. [PMID: 38957738 PMCID: PMC11217329 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1380102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Substance use is strongly associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) and is a modifiable risk factor for IPV. However, lack of comprehensive screening and referral for co-occurring IPV and substance use, along with their psychiatric sequalae, limits the identification and implementation of effective interventions for substance-related IPV. This narrative review (1) investigates the literature on screening and referral practices for IPV, and if these include screening for substance use or other psychiatric comorbidities, (2) provides recommendations for current best practices, and (3) suggests future directions for research and practice aimed at identifying and reducing substance-related IPV. Methods A narrative literature review examined studies investigating IPV screening and referral programs in clinics. Selected studies were reviewed for: (1) effectiveness, (2) barriers to implementation and sustainability, and (3) responsivity to psychiatric comorbidity, including substance use and substance use disorders (SUD). Results Findings suggest that effective IPV screening and referral programs have been developed, but disparities in IPV screening exist and many programs only screen for IPV victimization. Barriers to the implementation and sustainability of IPV screening programs include lack of ongoing provider training, funding or institutional support, and direct connection to referral services. Further, many IPV screening programs lack assessment of and referral for comorbid psychiatric conditions, including substance use, and tend not to be routinely implemented in SUD clinics. Discussion Additional systematic work is needed to develop universal and comprehensive screening and referral programs for substance-related IPV and address issues of long-term sustainability, particularly within SUD treatment settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M. Jarnecke
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Tanya C. Saraiya
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Center of Alcohol & Substance Use Studies, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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2
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Hahn C, Tilstra-Ferrell E, Salim S, Goodrum N, Rheingold A, Gilmore AK, Barber S, Moreland A. Web-Based Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment for Traumatic Stress and Alcohol Misuse Among Survivors of Sexual Assault and Intimate Partner Violence: Usability and Acceptability Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e49557. [PMID: 38358791 PMCID: PMC10905344 DOI: 10.2196/49557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault (SA) are at a high risk for traumatic stress and alcohol misuse. IPV and SA survivors face barriers to services for traumatic stress and alcohol misuse and have low service utilization rates. One way to increase access to services for this population is the use of web-based screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT), an evidence-informed approach for early identification of traumatic stress and alcohol and drug misuse and connecting individuals to treatment. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the usability and acceptability of a web-based SBIRT called CHAT (Choices For Your Health After Trauma) tailored to address traumatic stress and alcohol misuse following past-year IPV, SA, or both. METHODS Phase 1 involved gathering feedback about usability and acceptability from focus groups with victim service professionals (22/52, 42%) and interviews with past-year survivors of IPV, SA, or both (13/52, 25%). Phase 2 involved gathering feedback about the acceptability of an adapted version of CHAT in an additional sample of recent survivors (17/52, 33%). Survey data on history of IPV and SA, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, alcohol and drug use, and service use were collected from survivors in both phases to characterize the samples. Qualitative content and thematic analyses of the interviews and focus group data were conducted using a coding template analysis comprising 6 a priori themes (usability, visual design, user engagement, content, therapeutic persuasiveness, and therapeutic alliance). RESULTS Six themes emerged during the focus groups and interviews related to CHAT: usability, visual design, user engagement, content, therapeutic persuasiveness, and therapeutic alliance. Phase 1 providers and survivors viewed CHAT as acceptable, easy to understand, and helpful. Participants reported that the intervention could facilitate higher engagement in this population as the web-based modality is anonymous, easily accessible, and brief. Participants offered helpful suggestions for improving CHAT by updating images, increasing content personalization, reducing text, and making users aware that the intervention is confidential. The recommendations of phase 1 participants were incorporated into CHAT. Phase 2 survivors viewed the revised intervention and found it highly acceptable (mean 4.1 out of 5, SD 1.29). A total of 4 themes encapsulated participant's favorite aspects of CHAT: (1) content and features, (2) accessible and easy to use, (3) education, and (4) personalization. Six survivors denied disliking any aspect. The themes on recommended changes included content and features, brevity, personalization, and language access. Participants provided dissemination recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Overall, CHAT was acceptable among victim service professionals and survivors. Positive reactions to CHAT show promise for future research investigating the efficacy and potential benefit of CHAT when integrated into services for people with traumatic stress and alcohol misuse after recent IPV and SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Emily Tilstra-Ferrell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Selime Salim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Nada Goodrum
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Alyssa Rheingold
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Amanda K Gilmore
- Department of Health Policy & Behavioral Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sara Barber
- South Carolina Coalition Against Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Angela Moreland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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3
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Mehr JB, Bennett ER, Price JL, de Souza NL, Buckman JF, Wilde EA, Tate DF, Marshall AD, Dams-O'Connor K, Esopenko C. Intimate partner violence, substance use, and health comorbidities among women: A narrative review. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1028375. [PMID: 36778165 PMCID: PMC9912846 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1028375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), including physical, sexual, and psychological violence, aggression, and/or stalking, impacts overall health and can have lasting mental and physical health consequences. Substance misuse is common among individuals exposed to IPV, and IPV-exposed women (IPV-EW) are at-risk for transitioning from substance misuse to substance use disorder (SUD) and demonstrate greater SUD symptom severity; this too can have lasting mental and physical health consequences. Moreover, brain injury is highly prevalent in IPV-EW and is also associated with risk of substance misuse and SUD. Substance misuse, mental health diagnoses, and brain injury, which are highly comorbid, can increase risk of revictimization. Determining the interaction between these factors on the health outcomes and quality of life of IPV-EW remains a critical need. This narrative review uses a multidisciplinary perspective to foster further discussion and research in this area by examining how substance use patterns can cloud identification of and treatment for brain injury and IPV. We draw on past research and the knowledge of our multidisciplinary team of researchers to provide recommendations to facilitate access to resources and treatment strategies and highlight intervention strategies capable of addressing the varied and complex needs of IPV-EW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline B. Mehr
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University – New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Esther R. Bennett
- School of Social Work, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Julianne L. Price
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Nicola L. de Souza
- School of Graduate Studies, Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, United States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, United States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer F. Buckman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
- Center of Alcohol and Substance Use Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Elisabeth A. Wilde
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- George E. Wahlen, VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Research Care Line, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - David F. Tate
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- George E. Wahlen, VA Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Research Care Line, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Amy D. Marshall
- Department of Psychology, College of the Liberal Arts, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States
| | - Kristen Dams-O'Connor
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carrie Esopenko
- Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Sciences, School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ, United States
- Department of Rehabilitation and Human Performance, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Nguyen V, Kertesz M, Davidson J, Humphreys C, Laslett AM. Programme responses for men who perpetrate intimate partner violence in the context of alcohol or other drugs: a scoping review. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1108/add-07-2022-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose
Substance use plays a significant role in the perpetration of much intimate partner violence (IPV). However, responses to these two issues are rarely integrated. Single focus programme responses can lead to poor outcomes for men as well as their families experiencing these intersecting issues. This scoping paper aims to establish the current state of knowledge on contextual factors influencing the development and implementation of combined programmes.
Design/methodology/approach
Four electronic databases were systematically searched in May 2021 and December 2021. Twenty-one peer-reviewed studies reporting on ten programmes were included.
Findings
This scoping review revealed that combined programme responses are an underdeveloped area of research and evaluation. The limited evidence base indicated systemic barriers hindering services’ capacity to expand this field of work, affecting implementation and outcomes. Support is required from the wider service systems to intervene in men’s perpetration of IPV in the context of substance use.
Practical implications
Findings in this scoping review demonstrate the importance of fostering a coordinated and collective response to IPV in the context of substance use. Combined programmes have the potential to reduce siloed practices, enabling more holistic responses for men with intersecting issues. However, researchers and policymakers must also address contextual issues hindering or enabling combined programmes’ implementation and development.
Originality/value
Mapping the evidence based on combined programmes provides direction for further development and research to expand this field of inquiry.
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Estlein R, Gewirtz‐Meydan A, Opuda E. Love in the time of COVID-19: A systematic mapping review of empirical research on romantic relationships one year into the COVID-19 pandemic. FAMILY PROCESS 2022; 61:1208-1228. [PMID: 35419816 PMCID: PMC9111335 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected nearly every area of daily life, including romantic relationships. With the pandemic still ongoing, this study reviewed the existing scholarly literature to document the status of empirical research on how COVID-19 has affected couples during its first year. Studies were identified through searching five databases as well as sources of gray literature. Overall, 42 studies on committed romantic relationships during the first year of the pandemic were identified. The mapping process revealed four main themes: (1) relationship quality; (2) sexuality; (3) couple daily adjustment; and (4) intimate partner violence. The findings suggest that the way romantic relationships were affected by the pandemic depends on a variety of demographic, individual, and couple-level factors. Implications include a call for both the development of evidence-based interventions that consider the current findings and further research to continue exploring the clinical implications of future findings to promote healthy intimate relationships during the ongoing global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roi Estlein
- Center for Research and Study of the FamilySchool of Social WorkUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Ateret Gewirtz‐Meydan
- Center for Research and Study of the FamilySchool of Social WorkUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
| | - Eugenia Opuda
- Health and Human Services LibrarianUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNew HampshireUSA
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Deutsch AR, Lustfield R, Jalali MS. Community-based system dynamics modelling of stigmatized public health issues: Increasing diverse representation of individuals with personal experiences. SYSTEMS RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2022; 39:734-749. [PMID: 36337318 PMCID: PMC9635333 DOI: 10.1002/sres.2807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Utility of community-based system dynamics (CBSD) models on stigmatized public health issues and health disparities depends upon how representative the model is to real-world experience within the community. "Personal experience" participants (PEP), especially from marginalized groups, are essential model contributors, but are often underrepresented in modeling groups due to multiple barriers. This study details a method to increase PEP representation for models on stigmatized issues. We use a case study from a CBSD project on health disparities within the association between alcohol misuse (AM) and intimate partner violence (IPV) for Northern Plains Indigenous women. Short group model building sessions were held at three community organizations providing relevant resources. Each model contributed unique system components, and there were few similarities between models. A consolidated model provided a rich picture of the complex system. Adding brief PEP-based group modeling sessions can enhance PEP representation in model development for stigmatized public health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle R Deutsch
- Avera Research Institute; University of South Dakota School of Medicine, Pediatrics
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Meyer S, Burley J, Fitz-Gibbon K. Combining Group-based Interventions for Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrators With Comorbid Substance Use: An Australian Study of Cross-sector Practitioner Views. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP7369-NP7393. [PMID: 33118446 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520969244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The connection between intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and problematic alcohol and/ or other drug (AOD) use has been well established in public health, social work and criminology research. Despite the overwhelming evidence of the correlation between these two problem behaviors, service systems addressing these issues have historically done so in siloed approaches to practice. AOD interventions have frequently been criticized for a lack of IPV focused assessment and practice. Similarly, specialist IPV interventions generally do not address clients' underlying risk factors, including problematic AOD use, through holistic intervention approaches. Suggestions to combine IPV and AOD focused interventions for men who use violence are often met with skepticism, raising questions around which sector could deliver a combined intervention approach and how different ideological standpoints in client work can and should be integrated into a combined framework. In this article, we examine the views of key stakeholders (n = 10) involved in the funding, development and/ or delivery of different service responses to men who use IPV in an Australian jurisdiction. Drawing on qualitative interview and focus group data, we explore their views around combined, group-based interventions, including the perceived need for such intervention models along with sector readiness and key considerations critical in informing the combining of IPV and AOD focused perpetrator interventions. Stakeholder findings identify the need for holistic responses to perpetrators of IPV with comorbid problematic AOD use. Further, findings provide guidance for funding bodies and community service providers considering combined, group-based interventions for perpetrators of IPV with comorbid problematic AOD use.
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8
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Chiaramonte D, Clements KA, López‐Zerón G, Ayeni OO, Farero AM, Ma W, Sullivan CM. Examining contextual influences on the service needs of homeless and unstably housed domestic violence survivors. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:1831-1853. [PMID: 34146356 PMCID: PMC8684560 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Domestic violence (DV) is a leading cause of homelessness for women, yet many DV agencies are just beginning to focus on helping clients stabilize their housing situations. The purpose of this study was to better understand the contexts and service needs of unstably housed and homeless DV survivors, to promote more efficient and successful service matching from DV agencies. We examined whether DV survivors could be grouped by particular features, histories, and contextual factors, and how these group differences impacted what they needed from DV agencies. The sample included 406 homeless and unstably housed DV survivors who had recently sought DV services. Latent class analysis supported the identification of four distinct classes: (1) highest disadvantages service seeker, (2) moderate disadvantages-criminal legal system service seeker, (3) moderate disadvantages service seeker, and (4) lower disadvantages service seeker. Additionally, we were able to profile each class, and test the types of services survivors in each class needed from agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Chiaramonte
- Department of PsychiatryYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | | | | | | | - Adam M. Farero
- Psychology DepartmentMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Center for Statistical Training and ConsultationMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Cris M. Sullivan
- Psychology DepartmentMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
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9
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Ballestar-Tarín ML, Ibáñez-del-Valle V, Cauli O, Navarro-Martínez R. Personal and Social Consequences of Psychotropic Substance Use: A Population-Based Internet Survey. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:65. [PMID: 35056373 PMCID: PMC8777796 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Drug abuse has become a major worldwide health concern among all age groups. The present study analyses substance misuse and its social and personal consequences using a population-based internet survey in Spain. Materials and Methods: Screening for drug abuse (of alcohol, marijuana/hashish and psychostimulants) and its related risks and problems was performed using the Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble (CRAFFT) score. Socio-demographic factors, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms as well as health habits were also evaluated. We used Linear regression methods to compare each variable's individual contribution so as to determine which one best explains the results. Results: In this population-based study, 1224 people completed and returned the online survey. Of all participants, 57% reported consuming at least one substance based on the CRAFFT scale. While increasing age reduces the probability of personal and social consequences of consumption, people who smoke receive up to three times more (OR = 3.370) recommendations from family and friends to reduce their consumption. As for the type of substance, the consumption of marijuana increases the risk of forgetting (OR = 2.33) and the consumption of other psychostimulant substances almost triples the risk of consuming alone (OR = 2.965). Combining substances can increase the rate of driving a vehicle after consumption by 3.4 times. Conclusions: Although age, smoking and the type of substances used increase the risk of suffering from social and personal consequences of the use or abuse of substances, future studies are needed to determine the influence of new variables as a potential tool for treating and minimizing the adverse consequences of drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Luisa Ballestar-Tarín
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, Avda Menéndez Pidal 19, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.L.B.-T.); (V.I.-d.-V.); (R.N.-M.)
| | - Vanessa Ibáñez-del-Valle
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, Avda Menéndez Pidal 19, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.L.B.-T.); (V.I.-d.-V.); (R.N.-M.)
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Organized Group (FROG), Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Avda Menéndez Pidal 19, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Omar Cauli
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, Avda Menéndez Pidal 19, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.L.B.-T.); (V.I.-d.-V.); (R.N.-M.)
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Organized Group (FROG), Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Avda Menéndez Pidal 19, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rut Navarro-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, Avda Menéndez Pidal 19, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (M.L.B.-T.); (V.I.-d.-V.); (R.N.-M.)
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Organized Group (FROG), Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Avda Menéndez Pidal 19, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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10
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Phillips H, Lyon E, Krans EE, Warshaw C, Chang JC, Pallatino C. Barriers to help-seeking among intimate partner violence survivors with opioid use disorder. Int Rev Psychiatry 2021; 33:534-542. [PMID: 34229551 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2021.1898350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence is common among people with opioid use disorder (OUD), but little research has focussed on identifying barriers survivors with OUD face when trying to leave an abusive relationship. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 postpartum women with OUD. Interview questions were designed to identify barriers to help-seeking and facilitators and supports that have helped survivors make positive changes. Qualitative data were coded and analyzed, using a phenomenological approach to develop emerging themes. Most participants were white, 24-29 years old, single, unemployed, Medicaid insured, and used medications for OUD. All participants (n = 40, 100%) shared that a current or past partner physically, sexually, emotionally, or verbally abused them. Participants identified multiple barriers to help-seeking including abusive partner control of money and resources, fear of retaliatory violence, and concerns related to police and child welfare. Participants also described supports that helped them make positive changes, including being treated with care and support from domestic violence shelters and treatment programs. Finally, survivors offered suggestions for ways providers can better meet survivors' needs. Clinicians and policymakers should prioritize overcoming multiple barriers to service access and engagement faced by survivors and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Phillips
- National Center on Domestic Violence, Trauma, and Mental Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eleanor Lyon
- National Center on Domestic Violence, Trauma, and Mental Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Krans
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carole Warshaw
- National Center on Domestic Violence, Trauma, and Mental Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Judy C Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Magee-Women's Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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11
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Contraceptive Need, Intimate Partner Violence, and Reproductive Coercion Among Women Attending a Syringe Exchange Program. J Addict Med 2021; 14:e70-e75. [PMID: 31855918 DOI: 10.1097/adm.0000000000000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Women who use drugs are at high risk of unintended pregnancy. This study describes contraceptive need, explores relationships between contraceptive use, intimate partner violence (IPV) and reproductive coercion, and unintended pregnancy, and assesses the acceptability of receiving contraceptive care at a syringe exchange program (SEP). METHODS Between August and October, 2017, written surveys were administered to 96 reproductive-aged women attending an SEP in Santa Ana, California. Data were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistics. RESULTS Most women used methamphetamines (79%) and/or heroin (74%). The majority (62%) did not use contraception during last sex with a man. Half (50%) reported a history of unintended pregnancy. Many (62%) experienced IPV or reproductive coercion in the previous 3 months. Experiencing IPV or reproductive coercion was not associated with contraceptive use or unintended pregnancy. The majority (56%) were interested in receiving contraceptive care from the SEP; history of unintended pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-10.0) and depression (aOR 4.55, 95% CI 1.24-16.69) were associated with interest in contraceptive services. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that referrals for contraceptive care and direct provision of contraceptive methods at SEPs may be an acceptable approach to addressing the unmet family planning needs of women who use substances. Innovative approaches like these have the potential to impact the high prevalence of unintended pregnancy among this population; however, high prevalence of IPV and reproductive coercion must also be acknowledged by providers when providing counseling for contraceptive services.
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12
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Isobe J, Healey L, Humphreys C. A critical interpretive synthesis of the intersection of domestic violence with parental issues of mental health and substance misuse. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2020; 28:1394-1407. [PMID: 32202363 PMCID: PMC7497205 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A critical interpretive synthesis (CIS) methodology was used with the aim of informing practice with children and families when domestic and family violence (DFV) and parental issues relating to alcohol and other drugs (AOD) and mental health (MH) are also present. A CIS is grounded in the literature, but includes questioning of the literature in order to problematise gaps, contradictions and constructions of issues. A review of the literature from 2010 to 2018 was conducted with the structured search strategy identifying 40 relevant research articles. Synthesis and critique of these articles revealed three mutually informative themes through which to understand the literature and how it can inform practice. They were as follows: differences in theoretical approaches and client focus; complexity of system's collaboration; and practices converging on mothers. Taken together, these themes facilitated the development of the synthesising construct: strengthening intersection between DFV, AOD and MH sectors. Attention to practice at multiple levels that responds to the dynamics of gender and the differing impacts of violence was often lacking, particularly in the context of heightened child protection concerns where collaboration between sectors is needed. Both promising and problematic practices relating to gender dynamics and accountability converged on mothers. While there were exceptions, generally, there was an absence of engagement with, and recognition of, the impacts of fathers' patterns of using violence and control on adult and child survivors. Promising practice related to the strengthening of the mother-child relationship and attention to MH and its intersection with domestic violence. Strengthening the intersections between DFV, AOD and MH practices with attention to keeping the perpetrator of violence in view is critical to overcoming the poor practice that can occur when sectors are siloed from each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Isobe
- Department of Social WorkMelbourne School of Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Lucy Healey
- Department of Social WorkMelbourne School of Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Cathy Humphreys
- Department of Social WorkMelbourne School of Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.Australia
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13
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Mantler T, Jackson KT, Walsh EJ. Integration of Primary Health-Care Services in Women's Shelters: A Scoping Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2020; 21:610-623. [PMID: 29916310 DOI: 10.1177/1524838018781105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) have significant detrimental physical and mental health consequences associated with the violence as well as numerous barriers to health-care and social service utilization. Service integration offers a solution to help support women who have experienced violence overcome negative health consequences as well as barriers to system navigation and use. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine research activity pertaining to IPV and primary health-care and women's shelters integration. Namely, the aim was to determine the extent, range, and nature of research related to the effects of integrating primary health-care services and women's shelters. Nineteen sources were identified as potentially relevant from four electronic databases, with four articles meeting the inclusion criteria of integration of primary health-care and women's shelter services where outcomes were presented related to the efficacy of primary health-care received and integration. Numerical analysis revealed considerable homogeneity among articles in terms of methodological approaches, patient populations, and type of integration. Inductive thematic content analysis revealed three themes that resulted from integration: (1) increased access to and acceptability of services, (2) bridge back to health-care, and (3) decreasing future health-care burden. The findings from this scoping review represent a first attempt to summarize the literature, indicate a need for additional research, and suggest implications for practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Mantler
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kimberley T Jackson
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edmund J Walsh
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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McKee SA, Hilton NZ. Co-Occurring Substance Use, PTSD, and IPV Victimization: Implications for Female Offender Services. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2019; 20:303-314. [PMID: 29333981 DOI: 10.1177/1524838017708782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The co-occurrence of substance use disorders (SUDs) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among women who have been the victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) is complex and causal associations cannot be assumed. Although the presence of co-occurring disorders among IPV victims is a well-established research finding, there is a need for improved understanding of their prevalence and related mental health treatment requirements among female offenders. We review research indicating that service providers working with IPV victims can expect to encounter women with extensive concurrent problems and examine evidence for integrated treatment for SUD, PTSD, and IPV. We propose an outline for assessing and treating SUD and PTSD among female offenders who have experienced IPV victimization. We intend this review to build on previous calls in the co-occurring disorders literature and help integrate the research and treatment evaluation literatures in a way that points to practical implications for policy and practice in female offender services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shari A McKee
- 1 Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada
- 2 University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Zoe Hilton
- 1 Waypoint Centre for Mental Health Care, Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada
- 2 University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Decker MR, Wilcox HC, Holliday CN, Webster DW. An Integrated Public Health Approach to Interpersonal Violence and Suicide Prevention and Response. Public Health Rep 2019; 133:65S-79S. [PMID: 30426878 PMCID: PMC6243443 DOI: 10.1177/0033354918800019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Violence is a leading source of morbidity and mortality in the United States. In this article, we suggest a public health framework for preventing community violence, intimate partner violence and sexual violence, and suicide as key forms of interpersonal and self-directed violence. These types of violence often co-occur and share common risk and protective factors. The gender, racial/ethnic, and age-related disparities in violence risk can be understood through an intersectionality framework that considers the multiple simultaneous identities of people at risk. Important opportunities for cross-cutting interventions exist, and intervention strategies should be examined for potential effectiveness on multiple forms of violence through rigorous evaluation. Existing evidence-based approaches should be taken to scale for maximum impact. By seeking to influence the policy and normative context of violence as much as individual behavior, public health can work with the education system, criminal justice system, and other sectors to address the public health burden of interpersonal violence and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele R Decker
- 1 Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- 2 Center for Public Health and Human Rights, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Holly C Wilcox
- 3 Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charvonne N Holliday
- 1 Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel W Webster
- 4 Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- 5 Center for Gun Policy and Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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16
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Armstrong EM, Glover Reed B, Bennett LW. How and How Much: Combined Services for Domestic Violence and Substance Abuse. Violence Against Women 2019; 25:1450-1470. [PMID: 30600781 DOI: 10.1177/1077801218820201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study generates practice-based evidence about organizational strategies for addressing co-occurring domestic violence (DV) and substance abuse (SA) using a survey of organizations working on both issues (N = 204). How (the strategies) and how much (the extensiveness) organizations attend to both issues vary by organizational type (DV, SA, or multiservice) and populations served. While most SA and multiservice organizations address DV internally, most DV organizations use external collaborations; all offer services to DV perpetrators at similar rates. Findings underscore the importance of including multiple, nuanced measures of organizational activities related to co-occurring DV and SA in future research.
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Rothman EF, Stone R, Bagley SM. Rhode Island Domestic Violence Shelter Policies, Practices, and Experiences Pertaining to Survivors With Opioid Use Disorder: Results of a Qualitative Study. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2018; 12:1178221818812895. [PMID: 30505145 PMCID: PMC6259060 DOI: 10.1177/1178221818812895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to fill a gap in the existing research by exploring policies and practices of domestic violence shelters in one US state pertaining to clients with opioid use disorders (OUDs), as well as documenting some of their experiences providing services to those clients. We used semi-structured key informant interviews to gather information about Rhode Island shelter practices and policies pertaining to OUD-relevant topics and make meaning of shelter workers' experiences with clients with OUDs. One researcher conducted all 30-min, telephone interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed using a content-based analysis approach. The open-ended interview questions yielded information that clustered in the following three main themes: (1) existing shelter policies and practices; (2) staff training on OUDs; and (3) ideas for improvement. Intimate partner violence (IPV) service providers reported that OUD is an issue that affects their clientele, creates problems for both IPV survivors and for staff who are helping them heal from IPV, and causes concerns about the safety of children and other shelter residents who may be housed with individuals with OUDs. Participants reported a range of policies and practices related to how IPV survivors with OUDs are served by their programs. They also offered multiple possible improvements that could be made to IPV survivor programming. Among their suggestions were the establishment of long-term housing, hiring substance use disorder specialists to work in IPV shelters, and improving interagency relationships between IPV programs, child protection services, and substance use disorder treatment providers. Some close-ended interview questions permitted calculations about the percentage of programs that had particular policies in place. For example, of the six programs, 50% (n = 3) reported that they keep naloxone on site. Only one of the six programs (18%) reported that they have a protocol for disposing of unused opioids, medications for OUD, or drug paraphernalia if it is found at the shelter. Additional data about the prevalence of OUDs among the IPV shelter population is needed, as are in-depth analyses of barriers and facilitators to OUD treatment for IPV survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Rothman
- Department of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca Stone
- Sociology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Suffolk University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah M Bagley
- Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Grayken Center for Addiction, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Gold D, Sutton A, Ronel N. Non-Violent Empowerment: Self-Help Group for Male Batterers on Recovery. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2017; 32:3174-3200. [PMID: 26231335 DOI: 10.1177/0886260515596980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This research focused on a new and unique therapy group for male batterers who were violent toward their intimate partners. The group is based on a small self-help group model, where a professional accompanies the group and serves as the facilitator of the process undergone by the group without interfering with the management of the group and its meetings. A total of seven group members were interviewed in a qualitative and phenomenological-interpretive research, which combined an outside observation by two authors with an inside observation by a professional who facilitated the group. The study focused on the method of empowerment of the group members, and it found three central themes: self-efficacy, group efficacy, and social efficacy. The research findings are explained from the new perspective of positive criminology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dudi Gold
- 1 Department of Criminology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Avri Sutton
- 2 Domestic Violence Treatment and Prevention Centre, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Natti Ronel
- 1 Department of Criminology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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19
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Mason R, Wolf M, O'Rinn S, Ene G. Making connections across silos: intimate partner violence, mental health, and substance use. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2017; 17:29. [PMID: 28403851 PMCID: PMC5389007 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-017-0372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Untold numbers of women worldwide are survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV) with a substantial number of these experiencing co-occurring mental health and substance use problems. Despite the complex interconnections among these problems, funding mechanisms and organizational structures and mandates have been designed to address just a single, focal problem. One of the challenges for frontline providers is the lack of effective, evidence-informed inter-professional education or training to help them identify and appropriately respond to co-occurring problems. We developed an evidence-informed, competency-based curriculum to address this gap. In this paper we report on its effectiveness in increasing knowledge, changing beliefs and enhancing skills of frontline workers from all three sectors. Methods The curriculum consists of multiple elements: a text manual; an interactive, online series of modules; and, an in-person workshop. Frontline workers (n = 1111) in the violence against women (VAW) (n = 499), mental health (n = 229), addiction treatment (n = 167), and associated sectors (n = 149) were recruited to attend the workshop and instructed to read the manual or complete the online modules before attending. Some failed to respond (n = 67). Online pre- and post-tests were used to assess changes in knowledge, beliefs and skills; evaluations of the workshop were also collected. Results Matched pre- and post-tests were available for over half of the participants (n = 624). Results show statistically significant improvements across all six competency domains from pre to post-test (p <0.0001). Significant changes in participants’ knowledge and stigmatizing beliefs were achieved. There was no correlation among differences in sector, age, size of organization, years of experience or prior training. Participant feedback made evident prior misconceptions about women experiencing co-occurring problems, improved understanding about the need to bridge silos, as well as the need for enhanced self-care. Conclusions An educational intervention designed to sensitize frontline workers to the realities of women’s experiences of co-occurring problems, educate about the challenges of accessing help when there are co-occurring problems, and bridge discipline and practice-based silos, can effectively challenge and alter providers’ negative attitudes and stigmatizing beliefs. Decreasing stigmatizing beliefs and increasing knowledge has the potential to help survivors access needed help. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12905-017-0372-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Mason
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada. .,Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3 M7, Canada.
| | - Marni Wolf
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Susan O'Rinn
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Ene
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
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O'Brien JE, Ermentrout D, Li W, Dababnah S, Rizo CF, Macy RJ. Measuring Substance Use Among System-Involved IPV Survivors: A Research Note. Violence Against Women 2016; 24:101-119. [PMID: 27881791 DOI: 10.1177/1077801216675744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This research note presents findings from a qualitative study exploring female, system-involved intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors' perspectives on substance use disclosure in the context of research studies. The study sample includes 22 women who completed a court- and/or child protective services (CPS)-mandated IPV parenting program. Analyses revealed three key areas of participants' perspectives on substance use assessment and disclosure: (a) administration setting/format and measurement clarity, (b) administrator characteristics, and (c) repercussions due to breach of confidentiality. Findings from the current study offer insights into barriers for survivors reporting their substance use and suggestions for researchers seeking to assess substance use among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen Li
- 1 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Cynthia F Rizo
- 1 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebecca J Macy
- 1 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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21
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Condino V, Tanzilli A, Speranza AM, Lingiardi V. Therapeutic interventions in intimate partner violence: an overview. RESEARCH IN PSYCHOTHERAPY: PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, PROCESS AND OUTCOME 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ripppo.2016.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and its prevention is a global public health priority. There is strong scientific evidence that suggests IPV and symptoms such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, chronic pain, etc. are linked. Despite recommendations and various interventions for the treatment of IPV that have been tried in these last 20 years, the rates of recurrence are still too high. Furthermore, there is a lack of research evidence for the effectiveness of the most common treatments provided for victims and perpetrators of IPVs. The purpose of this paper is to present most used, at a global level, therapeutic interventions for women experiencing IPV (as well as treatments for perpetrators). The possibility of building a preliminary theoretical and clinical model is discussed.
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22
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Timko C, Valenstein H, Stuart GL, Moos RH. Substance abuse and batterer programmes in California, USA: factors associated with treatment outcomes. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2015; 23:642-53. [PMID: 25470658 PMCID: PMC4573371 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The association between substance abuse and intimate partner violence is quite robust. A promising area to improve treatment for the dual problems of substance abuse and violence perpetration is the identification of client characteristics and organisational and programme factors as predictors of health outcomes. Therefore, we examined associations of client, organisational and programme factors with outcomes in community health settings. Directors of 241 substance use disorder programmes (SUDPs) and 235 batterer intervention programmes (BIPs) reported outcomes of programme completion and substance use and violence perpetration rates at discharge; data collection and processing were completed in 2012. SUDPs having more female, non-white, younger, uneducated, unemployed and lower income clients reported lower completion rates. In SUDPs, private, for-profit programmes reported higher completion rates than public or private, non-profit programmes. SUDPs with lower proportions of their budgets from government sources, and higher proportions from client fees, reported better outcomes. Larger SUDPs had poorer programme completion and higher substance use rates. Completion rates in SUDPs were higher when clients could obtain substance- and violence-related help at one location, and programmes integrated violence-prevention contracting into care. In BIPs, few client, organisational and programme factors were associated with outcomes, but the significant factors associated with programme completion were consistent with those for SUDPs. Publicly owned and larger programmes, and SUDPs lacking staff to integrate violence-related treatment, may be at risk of poorer client outcomes, but could learn from programmes that perform well to yield better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Timko
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System and Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Helen Valenstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gregory L. Stuart
- Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rudolf H. Moos
- Center for Innovation to Implementation, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System and Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
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Mason R, Du Mont J. Advancing our knowledge of the complexity and management of intimate partner violence and co-occurring mental health and substance abuse problems in women. F1000PRIME REPORTS 2015; 7:65. [PMID: 26097738 PMCID: PMC4447033 DOI: 10.12703/p7-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Globally, intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive and insidious human rights problem with significant adverse physical health outcomes for women. Intimate partner violence has also been closely associated with poor mental health and substance use problems. However, little is known about the relationship among these co-occurring problems and how to best intervene or manage them. Here, we present findings from recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses (where available) to highlight developments in understanding and managing the complex co-occurring problems of intimate partner violence and mental health and substance use in women.
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García-Moreno C, Hegarty K, d'Oliveira AFL, Koziol-McLain J, Colombini M, Feder G. The health-systems response to violence against women. Lancet 2015; 385:1567-79. [PMID: 25467583 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61837-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Health systems have a crucial role in a multisector response to violence against women. Some countries have guidelines or protocols articulating this role and health-care workers are trained in some settings, but generally system development and implementation have been slow to progress. Substantial system and behavioural barriers exist, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. Violence against women was identified as a health priority in 2013 guidelines published by WHO and the 67th World Health Assembly resolution on strengthening the role of the health system in addressing violence, particularly against women and girls. In this Series paper, we review the evidence for clinical interventions and discuss components of a comprehensive health-system approach that helps health-care providers to identify and support women subjected to intimate partner or sexual violence. Five country case studies show the diversity of contexts and pathways for development of a health system response to violence against women. Although additional research is needed, strengthening of health systems can enable providers to address violence against women, including protocols, capacity building, effective coordination between agencies, and referral networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia García-Moreno
- Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Kelsey Hegarty
- General Practice and Primary Health Care Academic Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Jane Koziol-McLain
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Trauma Research, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Gene Feder
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Mason R, O'Rinn SE. Co-occurring intimate partner violence, mental health, and substance use problems: a scoping review. Glob Health Action 2014; 7:24815. [PMID: 25416321 PMCID: PMC4240863 DOI: 10.3402/gha.v7.24815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a pervasive, serious problem detrimental to the health of untold numbers of women. In addition to physical injuries that may be sustained, IPV has been significantly associated with mental health challenges including substance use problems. The problems are complex, highly correlated with each other, and bidirectional in nature. Although as many as 50% of women in mental health and between 25% and 50% of women in substance abuse treatment programs report IPV, frontline workers in all three sectors state they lack the training to address these co-occurring problems. Objective To determine what frontline IPV, mental health, and substance use workers need to know in order to provide appropriate care to women experiencing co-occurring IPV, mental health and/or substance use problems. Design Using Scholars Portal OVID, Medline and OVID PsycINFO and combinations of significant terms, we conducted a scoping review of articles published between 2005 and 2014. Results An initial 4017 records were retrieved (3484 from Scholars Portal, 272 from Medline, 261 from PsycINFO). After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 articles were reviewed. Of these, 14 examined the relationships among IPV, mental health, and substance use; 7 focused on IPV and mental health; 14 looked at IPV and substance use. Conclusions Although education and training frequently figured among the recommendations in the reviewed articles, specific content for proposed education or training was lacking. The most frequently occurring recommendations focused on the need to develop better collaboration, coordination, and integration across IPV, mental health and addiction treatment services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Mason
- Women's College Hospital, Women's College Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
| | - Susan E O'Rinn
- Women's College Hospital, Women's College Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bazargan-Hejazi S, Kim E, Lin J, Ahmadi A, Khamesi MT, Teruya S. Risk factors associated with different types of intimate partner violence (IPV): an emergency department study. J Emerg Med 2014; 47:710-20. [PMID: 25281170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Domestic intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious health care concern, which may be mitigated by early detection, screening, and intervention. OBJECTIVES We examine posited predictors in IPV and non-IPV groups, and in four different IPV profiles. Possible factors include 1) alcohol use, 2) drug use, 3) depression, 4) impulsivity, 5) age, and 6) any childhood experience in observing parental violence. We also introduce a new "Five Steps in Screening for IPV" quick reference tool, which may assist emergency physicians in detection and treatment. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using survey data from 412 inner-city emergency department patients. Associations were explored using a chi-squared test of independence, independent-samples t-tests, and a one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS Nearly 16% had experienced IPV. As a group, they were younger, and more depressed and impulsive than the non-IPV group. They were more likely to engage in binge drinking, use drugs, and had more childhood exposure to violence. In the IPV group, 31% were perpetrators, 20% victims, and 49% both victims and perpetrators. The latter group was younger, more impulsive and depressed, used drugs, and was more likely to have observed parental violence as a child. CONCLUSION Correlates in groups affected by IPV indicate the same general risk factors, which seem to more acutely affect those who are both perpetrators and victims. Alcohol and drug use, depressive symptoms, and childhood exposure to violence may be factors and signs for which emergency physicians should screen in the context of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi
- Department of Psychiatry, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science & David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eunjin Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, California
| | - Johnny Lin
- Educational Testing Service, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - Alireza Ahmadi
- Division of Social Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojdeh T Khamesi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Stacey Teruya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California
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27
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Westbrook L. Intimate partner violence online: Expectations and agency in question and answer websites. J Assoc Inf Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/asi.23195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynn Westbrook
- School of Information; University of Texas; 1 University Station D7000 Austin TX 78712-0390
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