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Chen L, Xu H, Gong T, Jin J, Lin L, Zhou Y, Huang J, Chen Z. Accelerating multipool CEST MRI of Parkinson's disease using deep learning-based Z-spectral compressed sensing. Magn Reson Med 2024. [PMID: 39044635 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a deep learning-based approach to reduce the scan time of multipool CEST MRI for Parkinson's disease (PD) while maintaining sufficient prediction accuracy. METHOD A deep learning approach based on a modified one-dimensional U-Net, termed Z-spectral compressed sensing (CS), was proposed to recover dense Z-spectra from sparse ones. The neural network was trained using simulated Z-spectra generated by the Bloch equation with various parameter settings. Its feasibility and effectiveness were validated through numerical simulations and in vivo rat brain experiments, compared with commonly used linear, pchip, and Lorentzian interpolation methods. The proposed method was applied to detect metabolism-related changes in the 6-hydroxydopamine PD model with multipool CEST MRI, including APT, CEST@2 ppm, nuclear Overhauser enhancement, direct saturation, and magnetization transfer, and the prediction performance was evaluated by area under the curve. RESULTS The numerical simulations and in vivo rat-brain experiments demonstrated that the proposed method could yield superior fidelity in retrieving dense Z-spectra compared with existing methods. Significant differences were observed in APT, CEST@2 ppm, nuclear Overhauser enhancement, and direct saturation between the striatum regions of wild-type and PD models, whereas magnetization transfer exhibited no significant difference. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that multipool CEST achieved better predictive performance compared with individual pools. Combined with Z-spectral CS, the scan time of multipool CEST MRI can be reduced to 33% without distinctly compromising prediction accuracy. CONCLUSION The integration of Z-spectral CS with multipool CEST MRI can enhance the prediction accuracy of PD and maintain the scan time within a reasonable range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Haipeng Xu
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Junxian Jin
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Liangjie Lin
- Clinical & Technical Supports, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Multimodality Imaging of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianpan Huang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, National Model Microelectronics College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Peruzzotti-Jametti L, Willis CM, Krzak G, Hamel R, Pirvan L, Ionescu RB, Reisz JA, Prag HA, Garcia-Segura ME, Wu V, Xiang Y, Barlas B, Casey AM, van den Bosch AMR, Nicaise AM, Roth L, Bates GR, Huang H, Prasad P, Vincent AE, Frezza C, Viscomi C, Balmus G, Takats Z, Marioni JC, D'Alessandro A, Murphy MP, Mohorianu I, Pluchino S. Mitochondrial complex I activity in microglia sustains neuroinflammation. Nature 2024; 628:195-203. [PMID: 38480879 PMCID: PMC10990929 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Sustained smouldering, or low-grade activation, of myeloid cells is a common hallmark of several chronic neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis1. Distinct metabolic and mitochondrial features guide the activation and the diverse functional states of myeloid cells2. However, how these metabolic features act to perpetuate inflammation of the central nervous system is unclear. Here, using a multiomics approach, we identify a molecular signature that sustains the activation of microglia through mitochondrial complex I activity driving reverse electron transport and the production of reactive oxygen species. Mechanistically, blocking complex I in pro-inflammatory microglia protects the central nervous system against neurotoxic damage and improves functional outcomes in an animal disease model in vivo. Complex I activity in microglia is a potential therapeutic target to foster neuroprotection in chronic inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system3.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Peruzzotti-Jametti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - C M Willis
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - G Krzak
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R Hamel
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Pirvan
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - R-B Ionescu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - J A Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - H A Prag
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - M E Garcia-Segura
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - V Wu
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Y Xiang
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - B Barlas
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A M Casey
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - A M R van den Bosch
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A M Nicaise
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Roth
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - G R Bates
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - H Huang
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - P Prasad
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A E Vincent
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - C Frezza
- University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - G Balmus
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Transylvanian Institute of Neuroscience, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Z Takats
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J C Marioni
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - A D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M P Murphy
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - I Mohorianu
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Pluchino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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Peruzzotti-Jametti L, Willis CM, Hamel R, Krzak G, Reisz JA, Prag HA, Wu V, Xiang Y, van den Bosch AMR, Nicaise AM, Roth L, Bates GR, Huang H, Vincent AE, Frezza C, Viscomi C, Marioni JC, D'Alessandro A, Takats Z, Murphy MP, Pluchino S. Mitochondrial reverse electron transport in myeloid cells perpetuates neuroinflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.03.574059. [PMID: 38260262 PMCID: PMC10802366 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.03.574059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Sustained smouldering, or low grade, activation of myeloid cells is a common hallmark of several chronic neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) 1 . Distinct metabolic and mitochondrial features guide the activation and the diverse functional states of myeloid cells 2 . However, how these metabolic features act to perpetuate neuroinflammation is currently unknown. Using a multiomics approach, we identified a new molecular signature that perpetuates the activation of myeloid cells through mitochondrial complex II (CII) and I (CI) activity driving reverse electron transport (RET) and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Blocking RET in pro-inflammatory myeloid cells protected the central nervous system (CNS) against neurotoxic damage and improved functional outcomes in animal disease models in vivo . Our data show that RET in myeloid cells is a potential new therapeutic target to foster neuroprotection in smouldering inflammatory CNS disorders 3 .
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The Role of Phosphocreatine in the Perconditioning and Postconditioning of Isolated Rat Heart. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2022-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The present study strives to assess the cardioprotective role of phosphocreatine as an agent for postconditioning and perconditioning of isolated rat heart.
Rat hearts (n=30) were perfused with a Langendorff apparatus and randomly assigned to three groups subjected to 20 minutes of global ischemia and 30 minutes of reperfusion: control group (untreated rat hearts), postconditioning group (hearts treated with 0.2 mmol/l of phosphocreatine during the first 5 minutes of reperfusion), and perconditioning group (hearts treated with 0.2 mmol/l of phosphocreatine during the first 5 minutes of ischemia). During the experimental protocol, cardiodynamic parameters were evaluated, while oxidative stress parameters such as superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, nitrites and index of lipid peroxidation were determined in coronary venous effluent.
Postconditioning and perconditioning with phosphocreatine improved contractile function, heart rate and coronary flow, while the examined oxidative stress parameters in coronary venous effluent were significantly reduced in groups of treated rat hearts. The results of this study indicate that phosphocreatine has the potential as a therapeutic agent for perconditioning and postconditioning the heart in ischemia reperfusion injury.
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Nersesova LS, Petrosyan MS, Arutjunyan AV. Neuroprotective Potential of Creatine. Hidden Resources of Its Therapeutic and Preventive Use. NEUROCHEM J+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712422010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Duarte P, Michalska P, Crisman E, Cuadrado A, León R. Novel Series of Dual NRF2 Inducers and Selective MAO-B Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020247. [PMID: 35204129 PMCID: PMC8868346 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. It is characterized by a complex network of physiopathological events where oxidative stress plays a central role among other factors such as neuroinflammation and protein homeostasis. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) has a multitarget profile itself as it controls a plethora of cellular processes involved in the progression of the disease. In this line, we designed a novel family of 2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-amine derivatives as NRF2 inducers with complementary activities. Novel compounds are based on melatonin scaffold and include, among other properties, selective monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition activity. Novel multitarget compounds exhibited NRF2 induction activity and MAO-B selective inhibition, combined with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and blood–brain barrier permeation properties. Furthermore, they exert neuroprotective properties against oxidative stress toxicity in PD-related in vitro. Hit compound 14 reduced oxidative stress markers and exerted neuroprotection in rat striatal slices exposed to 6-hydroxydopamine or rotenone. In conclusion, we developed a promising family of dual NRF2 inducers and selective MAO-B inhibitors that could serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Duarte
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (P.D.); (E.C.)
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Crisman
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (P.D.); (E.C.)
- Instituto Teófilo Hernando y Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IS), Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ UAM-CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rafael León
- Instituto de Química Médica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (P.D.); (E.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Godlewska BR, Williams S, Emir UE, Chen C, Sharpley AL, Goncalves AJ, Andersson MI, Clarke W, Angus B, Cowen PJ. Neurochemical abnormalities in chronic fatigue syndrome: a pilot magnetic resonance spectroscopy study at 7 Tesla. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:163-171. [PMID: 34609538 PMCID: PMC8770374 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05986-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a common and burdensome illness with a poorly understood pathophysiology, though many of the characteristic symptoms are likely to be of brain origin. The use of high-field proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) enables the detection of a range of brain neurochemicals relevant to aetiological processes that have been linked to CFS, for example, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. METHODS We studied 22 CFS patients and 13 healthy controls who underwent MRS scanning at 7 T with a voxel placed in the anterior cingulate cortex. Neurometabolite concentrations were calculated using the unsuppressed water signal as a reference. RESULTS Compared to controls, CFS patients had lowered levels of glutathione, total creatine and myo-inositol in anterior cingulate cortex. However, when using N-acetylaspartate as a reference metabolite, only myo-inositol levels continued to be significantly lower in CFS participants. CONCLUSIONS The changes in glutathione and creatine are consistent with the presence of oxidative and energetic stress in CFS patients and are potentially remediable by nutritional intervention. A reduction in myo-inositol would be consistent with glial dysfunction. However, the relationship of the neurochemical abnormalities to the causation of CFS remains to be established, and the current findings require prospective replication in a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata R. Godlewska
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen Williams
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Division of Informatics, Imaging and Data Science, Faculty of Medicine, Biology and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Uzay E. Emir
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - Chi Chen
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ann L. Sharpley
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ana Jorge Goncalves
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Monique I. Andersson
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - William Clarke
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brian Angus
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip J. Cowen
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Psychopharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.416938.10000 0004 0641 5119Neurosciences Building, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7JX UK
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MFGM components promote gut Bifidobacterium growth in infant and in vitro. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:277-288. [PMID: 34324046 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02638-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Infant gut microbiota which plays an important role in long-term health is mainly shaped by early life nutrition. However, the effect of nutrients on infants gut microbiota is less researched. Here, we present a study aiming to investigate in vitro a modified formula that is supplemented with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) that were missing in common formulas when compared with human milk and to assess the impact of feeding scheme on microbiota and metabolism. METHODS A total of 44 infants including 16 from breast milk feeding, 13 from common formula feeding and 15 from modified formula feeding were analyzed, and A cross-sectional sampling of fecal and urine was done at 1 month-of-age. Stool microbiota composition was characterized using high-throughput DNA sequencing, and urinary metabolome was profiled by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In vitro growth experiment of Bifidobacterium with key components from MFGM was performed and analyzed by both DNA and RNA. RESULTS Stool samples from the infants who were breastfed had a higher relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and a lower relative abundance of Escherichia than the formula-fed infants. The stool microbiome shifts were associated with urine metabolites changes. Three substances including lactadherin, sialic acid and phospholipid, key components of MFGM were significantly positively correlated to Bifidobacterium of stool samples from infants, and stimulated the growth rate of Bifidobacterium significantly by provided energy in vitro growth experiment with RNA analysis. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the key components from MFGM could improve infants' health by modulating the gut microbiome, and possibly supporting the growth of Bifidobacterium. REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02658500 (registered on January 20, 2016).
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Liu W, Qaed E, Zhu HG, Dong MX, Tang Z. Non-energy mechanism of phosphocreatine on the protection of cell survival. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111839. [PMID: 34174505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
If mitochondrial energy availability or oxidative metabolism is altered, patients will suffer from insufficient energy supply Phosphocreatine (PCr) not only acts as an energy carrier, but also acts as an antioxidant and defensive agent to maintain the integrity and stability of the membrane, to maintain ATP homeostasis through regulating mitochondrial respiration. Meanwhile, PCr can enhance calcium balance and reduce morphological pathological changes, ultimately, PCr helps to reduce apoptosis. On the other aspect, the activities of ATP synthase and MitCK play a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular energy metabolic function. It is interesting to note, PCr not only rises the activities of ATP synthase as well as MitCK, but also promotes these two enzymatic reactions. Additionally, PCr can also inhibit mitochondrial permeability transition in a concentration-dependent manner, prevent ROS and CytC from spilling into the cytoplasm, thereby inhibit the release of proapoptotic factors caspase-3 and caspase-9, and eventually, effectively prevent LPS-induced apoptosis of cells. Understandably, PCr prevents the apoptosis caused by abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism and has a protective role in a non-energy manner. Moreover, recent studies have shown that PCr protects cell survival through PI3K/Akt/eNOS, MAPK pathway, and inhibition of Ang II-induced NF-κB activation. Furthermore, PCr antagonizes oxidative stress through the activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK3b intracellular pathway, PI3K/AKT-PGC1α signaling pathway, while through the promotion of SIRT3 expression to maintain normal cell metabolism. Interestingly, PCr results in delaying the time to enter pathological metabolism through the delayed activation of AMPK pathway, which is different from previous studies, now we propose the hypothesis that the "miRNA-JAK2/STAT3 -CypD pathway" may take part in protecting cells from apoptosis, PCr may be further be involved in the dynamic relationship between CypD and STAT3. Furthermore, we believe that PCr and CypD would be the central link to maintain cell survival and maintain cell stability and mitochondrial repair under the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by oxidative stress. This review provides the modern progress knowledge and views on the molecular mechanism and molecular targets of PCr in a non-energy way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - Eskandar Qaed
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - Han Guo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - Ma Xiao Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - ZeYao Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China.
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Toczylowska B, Zieminska E, Michałowska M, Chalimoniuk M, Fiszer U. Changes in the metabolic profiles of the serum and putamen in Parkinson's disease patients - In vitro and in vivo NMR spectroscopy studies. Brain Res 2020; 1748:147118. [PMID: 32931820 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum metabolomic biomarkers and brain in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) biomarkers in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as to investigate compound concentration changes by comparing the results with healthy control subjects. Univariate statistical analysis of the serum showed significant differences in the levels of phenylalanine, tyrosine, lysine, glutamine, glutamate, acetone, acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and 1-monoacylglycerol (1-MAG) between the PD patient group and the control group. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis showed significantly different compound concentrations of acetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, glutamine, tyrosine, 1-MAG and testosterone. In vivo MRS of the putamen showed significantly higher concentrations of glutamine/glutamate complex and glutamine in patients with PD in comparison to control subjects. Following disrupted metabolic pathways in patients with PD were identified: dopamine synthesis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, the metabolism of pyruvate, arginine, proline, alanine, aspartate, glutamate, tyrosine and phenylalanine. The obtained results may indicate changes in neurotransmission, disturbances in energy production and an altered cell membrane structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Toczylowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 4 Ks. Trojdena st., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Zieminska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego st., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Michałowska
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orlowski Hospital, 241 Czerniakowska st., 00-416 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Chalimoniuk
- Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw Faculty in Biała Podlaska, 2 Akademicka st., 21-500 Biala Podlaska, Poland
| | - Urszula Fiszer
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orlowski Hospital, 241 Czerniakowska st., 00-416 Warsaw, Poland
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Apaydın E, Dağlı E, Bayrak S, Kankılıç ES, Şahin H, Acar A. Protective effect of creatine on amikacin-induced ototoxicity. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 88:651-656. [PMID: 33121925 PMCID: PMC9483946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aminoglycosides are widely known for their ototoxic side effects. Nevertheless, they are potent antibiotics used in the treatment of life-threatening conditions because of the current concern for antibiotic resistance. We hypothesized that creatine supplements which are believed to improve mitochondrial antioxidant defense system and maintain optimal energy homeostasis may improve the ototoxic side effects. Objective This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of creatine monohydrate against ototoxicity induced by amikacin in rats in an experimental animal model, using distortion product otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem response. Methods Twenty healthy rats were assigned to four groups (5 rats in each): the control group, the creatine monohydrate group, the amikacin group and the amikacin + creatine monohydrate group. The creatine monohydrate group received creatine at a dose of 2 g/kg once daily via gastric gavage for 21 days. The amikacin group received amikacin at a dose of 600 mg/kg by intramuscular injections once daily for 21 days. The amikacin + creatine monohydrate group received intramuscular injections of amikacin (600 mg/kg) once daily for 21 days and creatine monohydrate (2 g/kg) once daily via gastric gavage for 21 days. The control group received nothing. The distortion product otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem response measurements were performed on all rats on days 0, 7, 21. Results Regarding auditory brainstem response values, a significant increase in the auditory threshold was observed in the amikacin group on day 21 (p < 0.001). The amikacin+creatine monohydrate group showed significantly lower levels of auditory brainstem response auditory thresholds on day 21 in comparison to the amikacin group (p < 0.001). Additionally, the control group and the amikacin+creatine monohydrate group did not differ significantly with respect to auditory brainstem response thresholds on treatment day 21 (p > 0.05). When we compare distortion product otoacoustic emissions values, there was no significant difference between the amikacin and amikacin+creatine monohydrate groups on day 7 (p > 0.05), However significantly greater distortion product otoacoustic emissions values were observed in the amikacin+creatine monohydrate group on day 21 compared to the amikacin group (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that creatine treatment protects against amikacin ototoxicity when given at a sufficient dose and for an adequate time period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Apaydın
- Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Elif Dağlı
- Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Ankara, Turkey; Guven Private Hospital, Department of Audiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevinç Bayrak
- Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Said Kankılıç
- Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hasan Şahin
- Guven Private Hospital, Department of Audiology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aydın Acar
- Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Ankara, Turkey
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Kale VP, Wallery J, Novak J, Gibbs S, Bourdi M, Do MHT, McKew JC, Terse PS. Evaluation of chronic toxicity of cyclocreatine, a creatine analog, in Sprague Dawley rat after oral gavage administration for up to 26 weeks. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 117:104750. [PMID: 32745584 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyclocreatine (LUM-001), a creatine analog, was evaluated for its nonclinical toxicity in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Deionized water as a vehicle control article or cyclocreatine was administered by oral gavage twice daily (approximately 12 ± 1 h apart) at 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg/dose levels in rats up to 26 weeks followed by a 28-day recovery period. Due to an increased incidence of seizures, the 600 mg/kg/day dose group males were dosed only for 16-weeks followed by a 14-week recovery period. Thirteen males and four females from 600 mg/kg/day dose group were sacrificed at interim on Day 113 to study plausible brain lesions and not due to moribundity. There was a dose dependent increase in the number of seizure incidences in ≥60 mg/kg/day males and 600 mg/kg/day females. Microscopically, higher incidences of vacuoles in the brain at 600 mg/kg/day in both sexes, thyroid follicular atrophy and follicular cell hypertrophy at ≥200 mg/kg/day in males and 600 mg/kg/day in females, and seminiferous tubular degeneration and/or interstitial edema in testes at ≥200 mg/kg/day were observed. Mean plasma half-life of cyclocreatine was between 3.5 and 6.5 h. In conclusion, chronic administration of cyclocreatine by oral gavage in Sprague Dawley rats induced the seizures and microscopic lesions in the brain, testes and thyroid. Based on the results of this study the highest tested dose of 600 mg/kg/day (mean Cmax of 151.5 μg/mL; AUC0-24 of 1970 h*μg/mL) was considered the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in SD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mohammed Bourdi
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Pramod S Terse
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Deletion of the Creatine Transporter (Slc6a8) in Dopaminergic Neurons Leads to Hyperactivity in Mice. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 70:102-111. [PMID: 31520365 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01405-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The lack of cerebral creatine (Cr) causes intellectual disability and epilepsy. In addition, a significant portion of individuals with Cr transporter (Crt) deficiency (CTD), the leading cause of cerebral Cr deficiency syndromes (CCDS), are diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. While the neurological effects of CTD are clear, the mechanisms that underlie these deficits are unknown. Part of this is due to the heterogenous nature of the brain and the unique metabolic demands of specific neuronal systems. Of particular interest related to Cr physiology are dopaminergic neurons, as many CCDS patients have ADHD and Cr has been implicated in dopamine-associated neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a loss of the Slc6a8 (Crt) gene in dopamine transporter (Slc6a3; DAT) expressing cells on locomotor activity and motor function as the mice age. Floxed Slc6a8 (Slc6a8flox) mice were mated to DATIREScre expressing mice to generate DAT-specific Slc6a8 knockouts (dCrt-/y). Locomotor activity, spontaneous activity, and performance in the challenging beam test were evaluated monthly in dCrt-/y and control (Slc6a8flox) mice from 3 to 12 months of age. dCrt-/y mice were hyperactive compared with controls throughout testing. In addition, dCrt-/y mice showed increased rearing and hindlimb steps in the spontaneous activity test. Latency to cross the narrow bridge was increased in dCrt-/y mice while foot slips were unchanged. Taken together, these data suggest that the lack of Cr in dopaminergic neurons causes hyperactivity while sparing motor function.
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Akimoto H, Oshima S, Michiyama Y, Negishi A, Nemoto T, Kobayashi D. Metabolic Profiling of the Hippocampus of Rats Experiencing Nicotine-Withdrawal Symptoms. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:1879-1884. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Akimoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Shinji Oshima
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Yuichi Michiyama
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Akio Negishi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Tadashi Nemoto
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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15
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Marques NF, Massari CM, Tasca CI. Guanosine Protects Striatal Slices Against 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Damage, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and ATP Depletion. Neurotox Res 2018; 35:475-483. [PMID: 30417317 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9976-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta which induces severe motor symptoms. 6-OHDA is a neurotoxin widely used in PD animal models due to its high affinity by dopamine transporter, its rapid non-enzymatic auto-oxidation which generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, and for induced mitochondrial dysfunction. We previously reported an in vitro protocol of 6-OHDA-induced toxicity in brain regions slices, as a simple and sensitive assay to screen for protective compounds related to PD. Guanosine (GUO), a guanine-based purine nucleoside, is a neuroprotective molecule that is showing promising effects as an antiparkinsonian agent. To investigate the mechanisms involved on GUO-induced neuroprotection, slices of cortex, striatum, and hippocampus were incubated with GUO in the presence of 6-OHDA (100 μM). 6-OHDA promoted a decrease in cellular viability and increased ROS generation in all brain regions. Disruption of mitochondrial potential, depletion in intracellular ATP levels, and increase in cell membrane permeabilization were evidenced in striatal slices. GUO prevented the increase in ROS generation, disruption in mitochondrial potential, and depletion of intracellular ATP induced by 6-OHDA in striatal slices. In conclusion, GUO was effective to prevent oxidative events before cell damage, such as mitochondrial disruption, intracellular ATP levels depletion, and ROS generation in striatal slices subjected to in vitro 6-OHDA-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiani Ferreira Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Caio Marcos Massari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Carla Inês Tasca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. .,Departamento de Bioquímica, CCB, UFSC, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
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16
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Panchal K, Tiwari AK. Mitochondrial dynamics, a key executioner in neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrion 2018; 47:151-173. [PMID: 30408594 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are the group of disorder that includes brain, peripheral nerves, spinal cord and results in sensory and motor neuron dysfunction. Several studies have shown that mitochondrial dynamics and their axonal transport play a central role in most common NDs such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) etc. In normal physiological condition, there is a balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion process while any alteration to these processes cause defect in ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) biogenesis that lead to the onset of several NDs. Also, mitochondria mediated ROS may induce lipid and protein peroxidation, energy deficiency environment in the neurons and results in cell death and defective neurotransmission. Though, mitochondria is a well-studied cell organelle regulating the cellular energy demands but still, its detail role or association in NDs is under observation. In this review, we have summarized an updated mitochondria and their possible role in different NDs with the therapeutic strategy to improve the mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Panchal
- Genetics & Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research (IAR), Koba, Institutional Area, Gandhinagar 382426, India
| | - Anand Krishna Tiwari
- Genetics & Developmental Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Institute of Advanced Research (IAR), Koba, Institutional Area, Gandhinagar 382426, India.
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17
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Cunha MP, Pazini FL, Lieberknecht V, Rodrigues ALS. Subchronic administration of creatine produces antidepressant-like effect by modulating hippocampal signaling pathway mediated by FNDC5/BDNF/Akt in mice. J Psychiatr Res 2018; 104:78-87. [PMID: 30005372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Creatine has been shown to play a significant role in the pathophysiology and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in preclinical and clinical studies. However, the biological mechanisms underlying its antidepressant effect is still not fully elucidated. This study investigated the effect of creatine (p.o.) administered for 21 days in the behavior of mice submitted to tail suspension test (TST), a predictive test of antidepressant activity. Creatine reduced the immobility time in the TST (1-10 mg/kg), without affecting locomotor activity, a finding consistent with an antidepressant profile. Creatine administration increased the ubiquitous creatine kinase (uCK) and creatine kinase brain isoform (CK-B) mRNA in the hippocampus of mice. Taking into account that PGC-1α induces FNDC5/irisin expression mediating BDNF-dependent neuroplasticity, the effect of creatine administration (1 mg/kg, p. o.) on the hippocampal PGC-1α, FNDC5 and BDNF gene expression was investigated. Creatine treatment increased PGC-1α, FNDC5 and BDNF mRNA in the hippocampus as well as BDNF immunocontent. The involvement of BDNF downstream intracellular signaling pathway mediated by Akt, proapoptotic proteins BAX and BAD and antiapoptotic proteins Bcl2 and Bcl-xL was also investigated following creatine treatment. Creatine increased Akt phosphorylation (Ser 473), and Bcl2 mRNA and protein levels, and Bcl-xL mRNA, whereas BAD mRNA was decreased following creatine administration in the hippocampus. Altogether these results indicate that creatine antidepressant-like effect may be dependent on Akt activation and increased expression of the neuroprotective proteins in the hippocampus of mice. The obtained data reinforce the antidepressant property of creatine and highlight the role of these molecular targets in the pathophysiology of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio P Cunha
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Department of Biochemistry, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Francis L Pazini
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Department of Biochemistry, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Vicente Lieberknecht
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Department of Biochemistry, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Department of Biochemistry, Florianópolis, Brazil
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18
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Nokkari A, Abou-El-Hassan H, Mechref Y, Mondello S, Kindy MS, Jaffa AA, Kobeissy F. Implication of the Kallikrein-Kinin system in neurological disorders: Quest for potential biomarkers and mechanisms. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 165-167:26-50. [PMID: 29355711 PMCID: PMC6026079 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders represent major health concerns in terms of comorbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite a tremendous increase in our understanding of the pathophysiological processes involved in disease progression and prevention, the accumulated knowledge so far resulted in relatively moderate translational benefits in terms of therapeutic interventions and enhanced clinical outcomes. Aiming at specific neural molecular pathways, different strategies have been geared to target the development and progression of such disorders. The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) is among the most delineated candidate systems due to its ubiquitous roles mediating several of the pathophysiological features of these neurological disorders as well as being implicated in regulating various brain functions. Several experimental KKS models revealed that the inhibition or stimulation of the two receptors of the KKS system (B1R and B2R) can exhibit neuroprotective and/or adverse pathological outcomes. This updated review provides background details of the KKS components and their functions in different neurological disorders including temporal lobe epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, stroke, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis and glioma. Finally, this work will highlight the putative roles of the KKS components as potential neurotherapeutic targets and provide future perspectives on the possibility of translating these findings into potential clinical biomarkers in neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaly Nokkari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hadi Abou-El-Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Stefania Mondello
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mark S Kindy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ayad A Jaffa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Medicine, Medical University of South, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon; Center for Neuroproteomics & Biomarkers Research, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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19
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Terron A, Bal-Price A, Paini A, Monnet-Tschudi F, Bennekou SH, Leist M, Schildknecht S. An adverse outcome pathway for parkinsonian motor deficits associated with mitochondrial complex I inhibition. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:41-82. [PMID: 29209747 PMCID: PMC5773657 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have observed an association between pesticide exposure and the development of Parkinson's disease, but have not established causality. The concept of an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) has been developed as a framework for the organization of available information linking the modulation of a molecular target [molecular initiating event (MIE)], via a sequence of essential biological key events (KEs), with an adverse outcome (AO). Here, we present an AOP covering the toxicological pathways that link the binding of an inhibitor to mitochondrial complex I (i.e., the MIE) with the onset of parkinsonian motor deficits (i.e., the AO). This AOP was developed according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines and uploaded to the AOP database. The KEs linking complex I inhibition to parkinsonian motor deficits are mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired proteostasis, neuroinflammation, and the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. These KEs, by convention, were linearly organized. However, there was also evidence of additional feed-forward connections and shortcuts between the KEs, possibly depending on the intensity of the insult and the model system applied. The present AOP demonstrates mechanistic plausibility for epidemiological observations on a relationship between pesticide exposure and an elevated risk for Parkinson's disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alicia Paini
- European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
| | | | | | - Marcel Leist
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, PO Box M657, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Schildknecht
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstr. 10, PO Box M657, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.
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20
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Hierarchical Status Predicts Behavioral Vulnerability and Nucleus Accumbens Metabolic Profile Following Chronic Social Defeat Stress. Curr Biol 2017; 27:2202-2210.e4. [PMID: 28712571 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive data highlight the existence of major differences in individuals' susceptibility to stress [1-4]. While genetic factors [5, 6] and exposure to early life stress [7, 8] are key components for such neurobehavioral diversity, intriguing observations revealed individual differences in response to stress in inbred mice [9-12]. This raised the possibility that other factors might be critical in stress vulnerability. A key challenge in the field is to identify non-invasively risk factors for vulnerability to stress. Here, we investigated whether behavioral factors, emerging from preexisting dominance hierarchies, could predict vulnerability to chronic stress [9, 13-16]. We applied a chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model of depression in C57BL/6J mice to investigate the predictive power of hierarchical status to pinpoint which individuals will exhibit susceptibility to CSDS. Given that the high social status of dominant mice would be the one particularly challenged by CSDS, we predicted and found that dominant individuals were the ones showing a strong susceptibility profile as indicated by strong social avoidance following CSDS, while subordinate mice were not affected. Data from 1H-NMR spectroscopy revealed that the metabolic profile in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) relates to social status and vulnerability to stress. Under basal conditions, subordinates show lower levels of energy-related metabolites compared to dominants. In subordinates, but not dominants, levels of these metabolites were increased after exposure to CSDS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that identifies non-invasively the origin of behavioral risk factors predictive of stress-induced depression-like behaviors associated with metabolic changes.
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21
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Romero A, Parada E, González‐Lafuente L, Farré‐Alins V, Ramos E, Cacabelos R, Egea J. Neuroprotective effects of E-PodoFavalin-15999 (Atremorine®). CNS Neurosci Ther 2017; 23:450-452. [PMID: 28371323 PMCID: PMC6492656 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Romero
- Departamento de Toxicología y FarmacologíaFacultad de VeterinariaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Esther Parada
- Molecular Neuroinflammation Research LaboratoryInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria‐Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaMadridSpain
- Departamento de Farmacología y TerapéuticaFacultad de MedicinaInstituto Teófilo HernandoUAMMadridSpain
| | - Laura González‐Lafuente
- Molecular Neuroinflammation Research LaboratoryInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria‐Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaMadridSpain
- Departamento de Farmacología y TerapéuticaFacultad de MedicinaInstituto Teófilo HernandoUAMMadridSpain
| | - Victor Farré‐Alins
- Molecular Neuroinflammation Research LaboratoryInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria‐Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaMadridSpain
- Departamento de Farmacología y TerapéuticaFacultad de MedicinaInstituto Teófilo HernandoUAMMadridSpain
| | - Eva Ramos
- Departamento de Toxicología y FarmacologíaFacultad de VeterinariaUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Ramón Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research CenterInstitute of Medical Science and Genomic MedicineCorunnaSpain
| | - Javier Egea
- Molecular Neuroinflammation Research LaboratoryInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria‐Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaMadridSpain
- Departamento de Farmacología y TerapéuticaFacultad de MedicinaInstituto Teófilo HernandoUAMMadridSpain
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Vicente-Muñoz S, Morcillo I, Puchades-Carrasco L, Payá V, Pellicer A, Pineda-Lucena A. Pathophysiologic processes have an impact on the plasma metabolomic signature of endometriosis patients. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:1733-1741.e1. [PMID: 27793377 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate potential variations in the plasma metabolomic profile of endometriosis patients as a consequence of pathophysiologic alterations associated with this disorder. DESIGN Prospective study. For each subject, a plasma sample was collected after overnight fasting and before surgery. SETTING University medical center. PATIENT(S) The clinical cohort included 50 endometriosis patients, diagnosed at early (n = 6) and advanced (n = 44) stages of the disease, and 23 healthy women. All volunteers underwent diagnostic laparoscopy to visually confirm the presence or absence of endometriotic lesions. INTERVENTION(S) Metabolomic profiling of plasma samples based on 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with statistical approaches. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Comparative identification of metabolites present in plasma from endometriosis patients and healthy women. RESULT(S) The plasma metabolomic profile of endometriosis patients was characterized by increased concentration of valine, fucose, choline-containing metabolites, lysine/arginine, and lipoproteins and decreased concentration of creatinine compared with healthy women. Metabolic alterations identified in the plasma metabolomic profile of endometriosis patients correlate with pathophysiologic events previously described in the progression of this disease. CONCLUSION(S) The results highlight the potential of 1H-NMR-based metabolomics to characterize metabolic alterations associated with endometriosis in plasma samples. This information could be useful to get a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, thus facilitating the noninvasive diagnosis of this pathology at early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Vicente-Muñoz
- Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Morcillo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Payá
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Pellicer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Pineda-Lucena
- Structural Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
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23
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Pazini FL, Cunha MP, Azevedo D, Rosa JM, Colla A, de Oliveira J, Ramos-Hryb AB, Brocardo PS, Gil-Mohapel J, Rodrigues ALS. Creatine Prevents Corticosterone-Induced Reduction in Hippocampal Proliferation and Differentiation: Possible Implication for Its Antidepressant Effect. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6245-6260. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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24
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Massari CM, Castro AA, Dal-Cim T, Lanznaster D, Tasca CI. In vitro 6-hydroxydopamine-induced toxicity in striatal, cerebrocortical and hippocampal slices is attenuated by atorvastatin and MK-801. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 37:162-168. [PMID: 27647473 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) involves the loss of striatal dopaminergic neurons, although other neurotransmitters and brain areas are also involved in its pathophysiology. In rodent models to PD it has been shown statins improve cognitive and motor deficits and attenuate inflammatory responses evoked by PD-related toxins. Statins are the drugs most prescribed to hypercholesterolemia, but neuroprotective effects have also been attributed to statins treatment in humans and in animal models. This study aimed to establish an in vitro model of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced toxicity, used as an initial screening test to identify effective drugs against neural degeneration related to PD. The putative neuroprotective effect of atorvastatin against 6-OHDA-induced toxicity in rat striatal, cerebrocortical and hippocampal slices was also evaluated. 6-OHDA (100μM) decreased cellular viability in slices obtained from rat cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum. 6-OHDA also induced an increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction. Co-incubation of 6-OHDA with atorvastatin (10μM) or MK-801 (50μM) an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, partially attenuated the cellular damage evoked by 6-OHDA in the three brain areas. Atorvastatin partially reduced ROS production in the hippocampus and striatum and disturbances of mitochondria membrane potential in cortex and striatum. 6-OHDA-induced toxicity in vitro displays differences among the brain structures, but it is also observed in cerebrocortical and hippocampal slices, besides striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio M Massari
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Adalberto A Castro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Tharine Dal-Cim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Débora Lanznaster
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carla I Tasca
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Trindade, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Riesberg LA, Weed SA, McDonald TL, Eckerson JM, Drescher KM. Beyond muscles: The untapped potential of creatine. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 37:31-42. [PMID: 26778152 PMCID: PMC4915971 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Creatine is widely used by both elite and recreational athletes as an ergogenic aid to enhance anaerobic exercise performance. Older individuals also use creatine to prevent sarcopenia and, accordingly, may have therapeutic benefits for muscle wasting diseases. Although the effect of creatine on the musculoskeletal system has been extensively studied, less attention has been paid to its potential effects on other physiological systems. Because there is a significant pool of creatine in the brain, the utility of creatine supplementation has been examined in vitro as well as in vivo in both animal models of neurological disorders and in humans. While the data are preliminary, there is evidence to suggest that individuals with certain neurological conditions may benefit from exogenous creatine supplementation if treatment protocols can be optimized. A small number of studies that have examined the impact of creatine on the immune system have shown an alteration in soluble mediator production and the expression of molecules involved in recognizing infections, specifically toll-like receptors. Future investigations evaluating the total impact of creatine supplementation are required to better understand the benefits and risks of creatine use, particularly since there is increasing evidence that creatine may have a regulatory impact on the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Riesberg
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Stephanie A Weed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Thomas L McDonald
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 986495, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6495, USA
| | - Joan M Eckerson
- Department of Exercise Science and Pre-Health Professions, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Kristen M Drescher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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Cunha MP, Lieberknecht V, Ramos-Hryb AB, Olescowicz G, Ludka FK, Tasca CI, Gabilan NH, Rodrigues ALS. Creatine affords protection against glutamate-induced nitrosative and oxidative stress. Neurochem Int 2016; 95:4-14. [PMID: 26804444 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Creatine has been reported to exert beneficial effects in several neurodegenerative diseases in which glutamatergic excitotoxicity and oxidative stress play an etiological role. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of creatine, as compared to the N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist dizocilpine (MK-801), against glutamate or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Exposure of cells to glutamate (60-80 mM) or H2O2 (200-300 μM) for 24 h decreased cellular viability and increased dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence (indicative of increased reactive oxygen species, ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production (assessed by mono-nitrogen oxides, NOx, levels). Creatine (1-10 mM) or MK-801 (0.1-10 μM) reduced glutamate- and H2O2-induced toxicity. The protective effect of creatine against glutamate-induced toxicity involves its antioxidant effect, since creatine, similar to MK-801, prevented the increase on DCF fluorescence induced by glutamate or H2O2. Furthermore, creatine or MK-801 blocked glutamate- and H2O2-induced increases in NOx levels. In another set of experiments, the repeated, but not acute, administration of creatine (300 mg/kg, po) in mice prevented the decreases on cellular viability and mitochondrial membrane potential (assessed by tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester, TMRE, probe) of hippocampal slices incubated with glutamate (10 mM). Creatine concentration-dependent decreased the amount of nitrite formed in the reaction of oxygen with NO produced from sodium nitroprusside solution, suggesting that its protective effect against glutamate or H2O2-induced toxicity might be due to its scavenger activity. Overall, the results suggest that creatine may be useful as adjuvant therapy for neurodegenerative disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio P Cunha
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Vicente Lieberknecht
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Belén Ramos-Hryb
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Olescowicz
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabiana K Ludka
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carla I Tasca
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Nelson H Gabilan
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Severe Hyperhomocysteinemia Decreases Respiratory Enzyme and Na(+)-K(+) ATPase Activities, and Leads to Mitochondrial Alterations in Rat Amygdala. Neurotox Res 2015; 29:408-18. [PMID: 26694914 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Severe hyperhomocysteinemia is caused by increased plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy), a methionine derivative, and is associated with cerebral disorders. Creatine supplementation has emerged as an adjuvant to protect against neurodegenerative diseases, due to its potential antioxidant role. Here, we examined the effects of severe hyperhomocysteinemia on brain metabolism, and evaluated a possible neuroprotective role of creatine in hyperhomocysteinemia, by concomitant treatment with Hcy and creatine (50 mg/Kg body weight). Hyperhomocysteinemia was induced in young rats (6-day-old) by treatment with homocysteine (0.3-0.6 µmol/g body weight) for 23 days, and then the following parameters of rat amygdala were evaluated: (1) the activity of the respiratory chain complexes succinate dehydrogenase, complex II and cytochrome c oxidase; (2) mitochondrial mass and membrane potential; (3) the levels of necrosis and apoptosis; and (4) the activity and immunocontent of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. Hcy treatment decreased the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase, but did not alter complex II activity. Hcy treatment also increased the number of cells with high mitochondrial mass, high mitochondrial membrane potential, and in late apoptosis. Importantly, creatine administration prevented some of the key effects of Hcy administration on the amygdala. We also observed a decrease in the activity and immunocontent of the α1 subunit of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in amygdala after Hcy- treatment. Our findings support the notion that Hcy modulates mitochondrial function and bioenergetics in the brain, as well as Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity, and suggest that creatine might represent an effective adjuvant to protect against the effects of high Hcy plasma levels.
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Pazini FL, Cunha MP, Rosa JM, Colla ARS, Lieberknecht V, Oliveira Á, Rodrigues ALS. Creatine, Similar to Ketamine, Counteracts Depressive-Like Behavior Induced by Corticosterone via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:6818-6834. [PMID: 26660117 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine has emerged as a novel strategy to treat refractory depression, producing rapid remission, but elicits some side effects that limit its use. In an attempt to investigate a safer compound that may afford an antidepressant effect similar to ketamine, this study examined the effects of the ergogenic compound creatine in a model of depression, and the involvement of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway in its effect. In order to induce a depressive-like behavior, mice were administered with corticosterone (20 mg/kg, per os (p.o.)) for 21 days. This treatment increased immobility time in the tail suspension test (TST), an effect abolished by a single administration of creatine (10 mg/kg, p.o.) or ketamine (1 mg/kg, i.p.), but not by fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, p.o., conventional antidepressant). Treatment of mice with wortmannin (PI3K inhibitor, 0.1 μg/site, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.)) or rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor, 0.2 nmol/site, i.c.v.) abolished the anti-immobility effect of creatine and ketamine. None of the treatments affected locomotor activity of mice. The immunocontents of p-mTOR, p-p70S6 kinase (p70S6K), and postsynaptic density-95 protein (PSD95) were increased by creatine and ketamine in corticosterone or vehicle-treated mice. Moreover, corticosterone-treated mice presented a decreased hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level, an effect abolished by creatine or ketamine. Altogether, the results indicate that creatine shares with ketamine the ability to acutely reverse the corticosterone-induced depressive-like behavior by a mechanism dependent on PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and modulation of the synaptic protein PSD95 as well as BDNF in the hippocampus, indicating the relevance of targeting these proteins for the management of depressive disorders. Moreover, we suggest that creatine should be further investigated as a possible fast-acting antidepressant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis L Pazini
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Mauricio P Cunha
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Julia M Rosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - André R S Colla
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Vicente Lieberknecht
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ágatha Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Nokkari A, Mouhieddine TH, Itani MM, Abou-Kheir W, Daoud G, Zhu R, Meshref Y, Soueid J, Al Hariri M, Mondello S, Jaffa AA, Kobeissy F. Characterization of the Kallikrein-Kinin System Post Chemical Neuronal Injury: An In Vitro Biochemical and Neuroproteomics Assessment. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128601. [PMID: 26047500 PMCID: PMC4457722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is the result of a mechanical impact on the brain provoking mild, moderate or severe symptoms. It is acknowledged that TBI leads to apoptotic and necrotic cell death; however, the exact mechanism by which brain trauma leads to neural injury is not fully elucidated. Some studies have highlighted the pivotal role of the Kallikrein-Kinin System (KKS) in brain trauma but the results are still controversial and inconclusive. In this study, we investigated both the expression and the role of Bradykinin 1 and 2 receptors (B1R and B2R), in mediating neuronal injury under chemical neurotoxicity paradigm in PC12 cell lines. The neuronal cell line PC12 was treated with the apoptotic drug Staurosporine (STS) to induce cell death. Intracellular calcium release was evaluated by Fluo 4-AM staining and showed that inhibition of the B2R prevented calcium release following STS treatment. Differential analyses utilizing immunofluorescence, Western blot and Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction revealed an upregulation of both bradykinin receptors occurring at 3h and 12h post-STS treatment, but with a higher induction of B2R compared to B1R. This implies that STS-mediated apoptosis in PC12 cells is mainly conducted through B2R and partly via B1R. Finally, a neuroproteomics approach was conducted to find relevant proteins associated to STS and KKS in PC12 cells. Neuroproteomics results confirmed the presence of an inflammatory response leading to cell death during apoptosis-mediated STS treatment; however, a “survival” capacity was shown following inhibition of B2R coupled with STS treatment. Our data suggest that B2R is a key player in the inflammatory pathway following STS-mediated apoptosis in PC12 cells and its inhibition may represent a potential therapeutic tool in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaly Nokkari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail: (AN); (FK); (WAK)
| | - Tarek H. Mouhieddine
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail: (AN); (FK); (WAK)
| | - Georges Daoud
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yehia Meshref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jihane Soueid
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Moustafa Al Hariri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Ayad A. Jaffa
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- * E-mail: (AN); (FK); (WAK)
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30
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Involvement of PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway and Its Downstream Intracellular Targets in the Antidepressant-Like Effect of Creatine. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:2954-2968. [PMID: 25943184 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Creatine has been proposed to exert beneficial effects in the management of depression, but the cell signaling pathways implicated in its antidepressant effects are not well established. This study investigated the involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and its downstream intracellular targets in the antidepressant-like effect of creatine. The acute treatment of mice with creatine (1 mg/kg, po) increased the Akt and P70S6K phosphorylation, and HO-1, GPx and PSD95 immunocontents. The pretreatment of mice with LY294002 (10 nmol/mouse, icv, PI3K inhibitor), wortmannin (0.1 μg/mouse, icv, PI3K inhibitor), ZnPP (10 μg/mouse, icv, HO-1 inhibitor), or rapamycin (0.2 nmol/mouse, icv, mTOR inhibitor) prevented the antidepressant-like effect of creatine (1 mg/kg, po) in the TST. In addition, the administration of subeffective dose of either the selective GSK3 inhibitor AR-A014418 (0.01 μg/mouse, icv), the nonselective GSK3 inhibitor lithium chloride (10 mg/kg, po), or the HO-1 inductor CoPP (0.01 μg/mouse, icv), in combination with a subeffective dose of creatine (0.01 mg/kg, po) reduced the immobility time in the TST as compared with either drug alone. No treatment caused significant changes in the locomotor activity of mice. These results indicate that the antidepressant-like effect of creatine in the TST depends on the activation of Akt, Nrf2/HO-1, GPx, and mTOR, and GSK3 inhibition.
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