1
|
Ghanbari Z, Moradi Y, Samiee N, Moradpour F. Dental caries prevalence in relation to the cardiovascular diseases: cross-sectional findings from the Iranian kurdish population. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:509. [PMID: 38685018 PMCID: PMC11059578 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral and dental health (ODH) is a significant public health concern globally, affecting billions of people. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the prevalence of dental caries using the DMFT index and investigate its relationship with cardiovascular diseases in the Iranian Kurdish population. METHODS A total of 3,996 individuals aged 35-70 years were included from the Dehgolan prospective cohort study (DehPCS). Clinical examinations were performed to assess decayed (DT), missing (MT) and filled (FT) teeth (DMFT index). Data on demographics, socioeconomic status, medical history, oral hygiene practices were also collected. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) history was self-reported via questionnaires assessing heart disease, heart attack and stroke. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between oral health indicators and self-reported CVD, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS The mean DMFT score was 18.18 ± 19, indicating a high oral disease burden. Specifically, 60.04% had DT, 37.82% had more than 16 MT, and 38.83% had FT. Only 13.21% reported flossing regularly and 43.17% brushed less than daily, showing suboptimal oral hygiene. The overall CVD prevalence was 9.21%. Individuals with high DMFT (≥ 14) scores had approximately two times higher CVD prevalence than those with low DMFT. DMFT decreased by 10.23% with increase in education level, and by 5.87% as economic status increased In adjusted analyses, high DMFT scores (OR = 1.5, 95%CI: 1.2-1.9) and MT (OR = 1.5, 95%CI: 1.1-2.1) were associated with 50-150% increased odds of CVD, though associations weakened after adjusting for age. Among men, DMFT remained a significant predictor for CVD after age adjustment, with an odds ratio of 2.37 (95% CI: 1.22-4.60). CONCLUSION This population had substantial oral disease and poor oral hygiene. Higher DMFT scores and MT positively correlated with increased CVD prevalence. Promoting preventive oral care and health education could help reduce dental issues and potentially lower CVD risk. Further research is needed to clarify biological mechanisms linking oral and systemic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghanbari
- Department of oral and maxillofacial medicine, School of Dentistry, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Negin Samiee
- Department of oral and maxillofacial medicine, School of Dentistry, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Moradpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, University of Medical Sciences, Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Carvalho GB, Brandão-Lima PN, Payolla TB, Lucena SEF, Sarti FM, Fisberg RM, Rogero MM. Circulating MiRNAs Are Associated With Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Leptin Levels in Older Adults. Inflammation 2023; 46:2132-2146. [PMID: 37464054 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Inflammaging refers to the low-grade systemic inflammation that occurs with aging present in chronic non-communicable diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for these diseases in older adults. This study aimed to assess the expression of 21 circulating miRNAs and their associations with inflammatory biomarkers in older adults. This cross-sectional study was performed with 200 individuals participating in ISA-Nutrition. The systemic low-grade inflammation score (SIS) was calculated from the plasma concentration of 10 inflammatory biomarkers. Circulating miRNA expression was assessed using the Fluidigm method. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was employed to determine differences in SIS among groups distributed according to sex and presence of MetS. Spearman's correlation was used to estimate correlations among SIS, leptin levels, miRNA expression, and variables of interest. Analyses were performed using software R version 4.2.3, with a significance level of 0.05. The final sample consisted of 193 individuals with a mean age of 69.1 (SE = 0.5) years, being 64.7% individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Positive correlations were observed between leptin concentration and metabolic risk factors, and leptin concentration was higher in individuals with MetS compared to those without MetS. The expression of 15 circulating miRNAs was negatively correlated with leptin concentration. GLMs showed negative associations between miRNAs (miR-15a, miR-16, miR-223, miR-363, miR-532), leptin, and/or SIS values; and only miR-21 showed positive association with SIS values. The results suggest the presence of peripheral leptin resistance associated with low-grade inflammation and plasma expression of miRNAs in older adults. These findings suggest the potential role of miRNAs as biomarkers for cardiometabolic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielli B Carvalho
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Paula N Brandão-Lima
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Tanyara B Payolla
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Sadraque E F Lucena
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, São Cristóvão, SE, 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Flávia M Sarti
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, 1000 Arlindo Bettio Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 03828-000, Brazil
| | - Regina M Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 715 Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yan F, Meng X, Cheng X, Pei W, Chen Y, Chen L, Zheng M, Shi L, Zhu C, Zhang X. Potential role between inflammatory cytokines and Tie-2 receptor levels and clinical symptoms in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:538. [PMID: 37491201 PMCID: PMC10367336 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, which may be involved in the underlying pathological mechanism of the disease and may influence patient prognosis. We evaluated the differences in serum cytokine and Tie-2 receptor levels between patients with first-episode SCZ and healthy controls and explored the correlation thereof with clinical symptoms. METHODS Seventy-six participants were recruited for the present study, including 40 patients with first-episode SCZ and 36 healthy controls. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores, demographic data, and blood samples were collected at baseline. A hypersensitive Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) electrochemiluminescence assay system was used to measure cytokine and Tie-2 receptor levels. Spearman's correlation and stepwise linear regression were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Serum interleukin-1β and -4 levels were significantly increased, and Tie-2 levels were significantly decreased, in first-episode SCZ patients as compared to healthy controls. IL-1β levels were positively correlated with total BPRS scores, resistance subscores, and PANSS positive subscores. Furthermore, IL-1β levels were negatively correlated with Tie-2 receptor expression levels. Stepwise linear regression analysis demonstrated that IL-1β levels correlated positively with PANSS positive subscores and BPRS total scores. PANSS negative subscores, general psychopathology subscores, and PANSS total scores had positive effects on the Tie-2 receptor. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that IL-1β and Tie-2 were highly sensitive and specific for predicting first-episode SCZ symptoms and achieving an area under the ROC curve of 0.8361 and 0.6462, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results showed that patients with first-episode SCZ have low-grade inflammation. IL-1β and Tie-2 receptors may be important mediators between inflammation and vascular dysfunction in patients with SCZ and may underlie the increased cardiovascular disease in this population. TRIAL REGISTRATION The clinical trial registration date was 06/11/2018, registration number was chiCTR1800019343.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Yan
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Clinical Center for Mental and Psychological Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Clinical Center for Mental and Psychological Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Xialong Cheng
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Clinical Center for Mental and Psychological Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Wenzhi Pei
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Clinical Center for Mental and Psychological Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Long Chen
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Clinical Center for Mental and Psychological Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Clinical Center for Mental and Psychological Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Li Shi
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Cuizhen Zhu
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Anhui Clinical Center for Mental and Psychological Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Xulai Zhang
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Anhui Clinical Center for Mental and Psychological Diseases, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mansell T, Bekkering S, Longmore D, Magnussen CG, Vlahos A, Harcourt BE, McCallum Z, Kao KT, Sabin MA, Juonala M, Saffery R, Burgner DP, Saner C. Change in adiposity is associated with change in glycoprotein acetyls but not hsCRP in adolescents with severe obesity. Obes Res Clin Pract 2023; 17:343-348. [PMID: 37633821 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity-associated chronic inflammation mediates the development of adverse cardiometabolic outcomes. There are sparse data on associations between severe obesity and inflammatory biomarkers in adolescence; most are cross-sectional and limited to acute phase reactants. Here, we investigate associations between adiposity measures and inflammatory biomarkers in children and adolescents with severe obesity both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. METHODS From the Childhood Overweight Biorepository of Australia (COBRA) study, a total of n = 262 participants, mean age 11.5 years (SD 3.5) with obesity had measures of adiposity (body mass index, BMI; % above the 95th BMI-centile, %>95th BMI-centile; waist circumference, WC; waist/height ratio, WtH; % total body fat, %BF; % truncal body fat, %TF) and inflammation biomarkers (glycoprotein acetyls, GlycA; high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, hsCRP; white blood cell count, WBC; and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, NLR) assessed at baseline. Ninety-eight individuals at mean age of 15.9 years (3.7) participated in a follow-up study 5.6 (2.1) years later. Sixty-two individuals had longitudinal data. Linear regression models, adjusted for age and sex for cross-sectional analyses were applied. To estimate longitudinal associations between change in adiposity measures with inflammation biomarkers, models were adjusted for baseline measures of adiposity and inflammation. RESULTS All adiposity measures were cross-sectionally associated with GlycA, hsCRP and WBC at both time points. Change in BMI, %>95th BMI-centile, WC, WtH and %TF were associated with concomitant change in GlycA and WBC, but not in hsCRP and NLR. CONCLUSION GlycA and WBC but not hsCRP and NLR may be useful in assessing adiposity-related severity of chronic inflammation over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toby Mansell
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Siroon Bekkering
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Dept of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Danielle Longmore
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Costan G Magnussen
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland, and Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital Turku, Finland; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amanda Vlahos
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brooke E Harcourt
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zoe McCallum
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Neurodevelopment and Disability, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kung-Ting Kao
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew A Sabin
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Endocrinology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Markus Juonala
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David P Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christoph Saner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Bern, Inselspital Bern, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cicmil S, Cicmil A, Pavlic V, Krunić J, Sladoje Puhalo D, Bokonjić D, Čolić M. Periodontal Disease in Young Adults as a Risk Factor for Subclinical Atherosclerosis: A Clinical, Biochemical and Immunological Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062197. [PMID: 36983201 PMCID: PMC10051366 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a strong relationship between periodontal disease (PD) and atherosclerosis was shown in adults, little data are published in younger PD patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate and correlate clinical parameters of PD, pro- and immunoregulatory cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum, biochemical and hematological parameters associated with atherosclerosis risk, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in our younger study participants (n = 78) (mean age 35.92 ± 3.36 years) who were divided into two equal groups: subjects with and without PD. PD patients had higher values of IMT, hs-CRP, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL; most proinflammatory and Th1/Th17-associated cytokines in GCF; and IL-8, IL-12, IL-18, and IL-17A in serum compared to subjects without PD. These cytokines in GCF positively correlated with most clinical periodontal parameters. Clinical periodontal parameters, TNF-α and IL-8 in GCF and IL-17A, hs-CRP, and LDL in serum, had more significant predictive roles in developing subclinical atherosclerosis (IMT ≥ 0.75 mm) in comparison with other cytokines, fibrinogen, and other lipid status parameters. Hs-CRP correlated better with the proinflammatory cytokines than the parameters of lipid status. Except for serum IL-17A, there was no significant association of clinical and immunological PD parameters with lipid status. Overall, these results suggest that dyslipidemia and PD status seem to be independent risk factors for subclinical atherosclerosis in our younger PD population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smiljka Cicmil
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Cicmil
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Verica Pavlic
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, The Republic of Srpska, Institute of Dentistry, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jelena Krunić
- Department of Dental Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dragana Sladoje Puhalo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Dejan Bokonjić
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Miodrag Čolić
- Center for Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, 73300 Foca, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Association between Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and All-Cause Mortality in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: Analysis from the MIMIC-IV Database. Emerg Med Int 2022; 2022:4156489. [PMID: 35959219 PMCID: PMC9363175 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4156489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a devastating disease and remains the leading cause of death and disability. This retrospective study aims to investigate associations between systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and all-cause mortality in patients with AIS. Patients and Methods. We used the data from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV. A total of 1,181 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were included. Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) was calculated as platelet count (/L) × neutrophil count (/L)/lymphocyte count (/L). The main outcomes were 30-day all-cause mortality. The association between SII with mortality was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results. After adjusting for potential covariates, the highest quartiles of SII versus the lowest quartiles of SII, the HR was 2.74 (CI 1.79–4.19,
). Log-transformed SII was significantly associated with 30-day all-cause mortality (HR 2.44; CI 1.72–3.46,
). Furthermore, we found that there is a nearly linear relationship (
) between logarithmic transformed SII with all-cause mortality. Conclusion. Elevated SII of patients with acute ischemic stroke increased the risk of 30-day all-cause mortality. SII may serve as a useful marker to elucidate the role of thrombocytosis, inflammation, and immunity interaction in the development of AIS.
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee SH, Han AR, Kim BM, Sung M, Hong SM. Lactococcus lactis‑fermented spinach juice suppresses LPS‑induced expression of adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines through the NF‑κB pathway in HUVECs. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:390. [PMID: 35495598 PMCID: PMC9019603 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), a green leafy vegetable, is widely regarded as a functional food due to its biological activities; however, to the best of our knowledge, there are no previous studies that have investigated the protective effects of fermented spinach against endothelial dysfunction and its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, this study investigated the effects and possible mechanisms of action of fresh spinach juice (S.juice) and fermented S.juice on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The HUVECs were treated with S.juice and fermented S.juice for 18 h before LPS exposure, and the levels of cytokines and chemokines, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Furthermore, to examine the changes in inflammatory responses to the two treatments, immunofluorescence analysis was used to visualize the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Western blot analysis was also performed to detect the differences in the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules, specifically vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Both S.juice and fermented S.juice inhibited the LPS-induced expression of MCP-1 and IL-6, and suppressed VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. Additionally, fermented S.juice inhibited the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB and degradation of the inhibitor of NF-κB (IκBα) in an LPS dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of vitamin K2-enriched fermented S.juice is mediated by the suppression of the NF-κB pathway, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic candidate for inflammatory cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hee Lee
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo‑myeon, Jeollabuk‑do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Ram Han
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo‑myeon, Jeollabuk‑do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Mok Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo‑myeon, Jeollabuk‑do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sung
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Iseo‑myeon, Jeollabuk‑do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mee Hong
- Department of Technology Development, Marine Industry Research Institute for East Sea Rim, Jukbyeon, North Gyeongsang 36315, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tooth Loss and the Incidence of Ischemic Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:1088371. [PMID: 35198131 PMCID: PMC8860521 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1088371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Generally, as the population is aging, ischemic stroke is imposing rising social and economic burdens. On that basis, the early intervention and prevention of ischemic stroke turns out to be a major public health issue. Extensive studies have reached mixed conclusions regarding the correlation between tooth loss and ischemic stroke, as well as transient ischemic attack (TIA). In this paper, a systematic review and meta-analysis is presented where we have aimed to examine whether tooth loss is correlated with a higher incidence of ischemic stroke and TIA in adults. The systematical search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane library from the inception dates to September 23, 2021, by employing the keywords (i.e., tooth loss and ischemic stroke). Observational studies conducted in adults were included, in which people with and without tooth loss (Exposition and Comparison) were observed to determine the incidence of ischemic stroke/TIA (Outcome). The data were extracted, and the study quality was assessed by two reviewers independently. Moreover, a meta-analysis was conducted to obtain the risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs by adopting random-effects models. The major outcome was the incidence of ischemic stroke/TIA in adults with and without tooth loss. On the whole, four cohort studies and three case-control studies were covered, which involved 4,625,514 participants with 33,088 ischemic stroke/TIA cases. In cohort (adjusted RR = 2.58, 95% CI: 2.39-2.79, P < 0.00001, I 2 = 31%) and case-control studies (adjusted MD = -4.15, 95% CI: -6.09-(-2.22), P < 0.001, I 2 = 77%), a significant correlation was identified between tooth loss and ischemic stroke. The subgroup analyses reported that the results in case-control studies were generally consistent regardless of the selection of controls. This meta-analysis indicated a certain correlation between tooth loss and ischemic stroke.
Collapse
|
9
|
Yoon J, Jung J, Ahn Y, Oh J. Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index Predicted Short-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Isolated Tricuspid Valve Surgery. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4147. [PMID: 34575256 PMCID: PMC8471776 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII, platelet × neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) has recently been identified as an inflammatory marker. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic implications of preoperative SII in patients undergoing isolated tricuspid valve (TV) surgery. In total, 213 patients who underwent isolated TV surgery between January 2000 and December 2018 were enrolled. They were divided into two groups, as follows: low SII (<455.6 × 109/L), and high SII (≥455.6 × 109/L). The correlation between SII and clinical outcomes was analyzed via the Cox regression and the Kaplan-Meier analyses. The primary outcomes considered were all-cause mortality and major postoperative complications within a 30-day period after isolated TV surgery, including major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events, pulmonary and renal complications, stroke, sepsis, multi-organ failure, wound, and gastrointestinal complications. In total, 82 (38.5%) patients experienced postoperative complications. Multivariable analyses revealed that high preoperative SII values were independently associated with the major 30-day postoperative complications (hazard ratio 3.58, 95% confidence interval 1.62-7.95, p = 0.001). Additionally, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the probability of undergoing major 30-day postoperative complications was significantly elevated in patients with high versus low SII values (p < 0.001). These results indicate that SII, a readily available parameter, is significantly associated with poor outcomes in patients undergoing isolated TV surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jungpil Yoon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138736, Korea;
| | - Jaewan Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan 54538, Korea;
| | - Youngick Ahn
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea;
| | - Jimi Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44033, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Snelder SM, Pouw N, Aga Y, Cabezas MC, Zijlstra F, Kardys I, van Dalen BM. Biomarker profiles in obesity patients and their relation to cardiac dysfunction. Biomark Med 2021; 15:1211-1221. [PMID: 34498487 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2021-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Current knowledge on the role of obesity in causing cardiac dysfunction is insufficient. Several biomarkers reflecting biological processes that may play a role in the occurrence of cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients are available. Purpose: To compare cardiovascular biomarker profiles between obesity patients and nonobese controls, and between obesity patients with and without cardiac dysfunction, in order to better understand the underlying pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients. Materials & methods: Blood samples were obtained from 100 obesity patients (BMI ≥35 kg/m2) without known cardiovascular disease, and from 50 age- and gender-matched nonobese controls (BMI ≤30 kg/m2). The third cardiovascular panel of the Olink Multiplex platform was used for the measurement of 92 biomarkers. Results: The majority (53%) of biomarkers were elevated in obesity patients compared with nonobese controls. Only 5% of the biomarkers were elevated in obesity patients with cardiac dysfunction compared with those without. Biomarkers discriminating cardiac dysfunction from no cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients differed from those discriminating obese from nonobese patients. An elastic net model for the prediction of cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients had a high area under the receiver operating curve of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.79-0.94; p < 0.001). The sensitivity of this model was 84% and the specificity was 79%. Conclusion: A multiplex immunoassay was used for the first time in obesity patients without known cardiovascular disease. These patients have cardiovascular biomarker profiles that are clearly different from nonobese controls. Comparison of obesity patients with and without cardiac dysfunction suggested an important role for inflammation, atherosclerosis and insulin resistance in the underlying pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction in obesity patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanne M Snelder
- Department of Cardiology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nadine Pouw
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yaar Aga
- Department of Cardiology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel C Cabezas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Felix Zijlstra
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Isabella Kardys
- Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas M van Dalen
- Department of Cardiology, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Guan T, Qiu Z, Su M, Yang J, Tang Y, Jiang Y, Yao D, Lai Y, Li Y, Liu C. Cardiovascular Death Risk in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Patients Treated With Chemotherapy: A Registry-Based Cohort Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:641955. [PMID: 34046345 PMCID: PMC8147725 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.641955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study the cardiovascular death (CVD) risk in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) patients with chemotherapy. Methods We obtained 2,020 PCNSL participants and 88,613 non-central nervous system lymphoma (NCNSL) participants with chemotherapy from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2015. A 1:3 propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce the imbalance between PCNSL participants with and without chemotherapy, as well as the imbalance between PCNSL and NCNSL participants with chemotherapy. Competing risks regressions were conducted to evaluate the independent influence of chemotherapy on CVD. Results After 1:3 PSM, the CVD risk in PCNSL patients with chemotherapy was lower than those without chemotherapy [decreased 53%, adjusted HR, 0.469 (95% CI, 0.255–0.862; P = 0.015)] as well as NCNSL patients with chemotherapy [decreased 36%, adjusted HR in model 1, 0.636 (95% CI, 0.439–0.923; P = 0.017)]. The CVD risk of chemotherapy decreased in PCNSL patients with age at diagnosis >60 years old [adjusted HR, 0.390 (95% CI, 0.200–0.760; P = 0.006)], and those patients diagnosed at 2010 to 2015 [adjusted HR, 0.339 (95% CI, 0.118–0.970; P = 0.044)]. Conclusion PCNSL patients with chemotherapy are associated with lower CVD risk. Our findings may provide new foundations for that chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for PCNSL patients, according to a cardiovascular risk perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianwang Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zicong Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Su
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongshi Tang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanting Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dunchen Yao
- Department of Oncology, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanxian Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Norde MM, Collese TS, Giovannucci E, Rogero MM. A posteriori dietary patterns and their association with systemic low-grade inflammation in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:331-350. [PMID: 32417914 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT A posteriori dietary patterns are promising ways of uncovering potential public health strategies for the prevention of systemic, low-grade, inflammation-related, chronic noncommunicable diseases. OBJECTIVE To investigate and summarize the current evidence on the association between a posteriori dietary patterns and systemic, low-grade inflammation in adults. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and LILACS were searched. DATA EXTRACTION Data screening, extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by 2 investigators. Meta-analysis with random effects was conducted. Differences and similarities between reduced rank regression-derived dietary patterns were assessed. RESULTS Healthy dietary patterns are inversely and the Western dietary pattern is positively associated with inflammation (r = -0.13, 95% confidence interval -0.20 to -0.06; and r = 0.11, 95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.12, respectively). Reduced rank regression-derived anti-inflammatory dietary patterns are consistently characterized by high intake of fresh fruits and inflammatory dietary patterns are consistently characterized by high intake of red and processed meat and low intake of vegetables. CONCLUSION Favoring the substitution of a Westernized diet for a healthy diet may lower inflammation, which might improve the prevention of some chronic noncommunicable diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Norde
- Norde Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Tatiana S Collese
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marcelo M Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Systemic immune-inflammation index and incident cardiovascular diseases among middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults: The Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study. Atherosclerosis 2021; 323:20-29. [PMID: 33773161 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been recently investigated as a novel inflammatory and prognostic marker. SII may be used as an indicator reflecting the progressive inflammatory process in atherosclerosis, although its link to incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been examined in previous studies. This study aims to prospectively assess the association of SII with incident CVD and its main subtypes in Chinese adults. METHODS Using data from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study, 13,929 middle-aged and older adults with a mean age of 62.56 years (range 35-91 years), who were free of CVD and cancer, were included for analysis. The baseline study was conducted in Shiyan city, Hubei province from 2008 to 2009. The SII was calculated as platelet count (/L) × neutrophil count (/L)/lymphocyte count (/L). Cox regression models were used to examine the associations of SII with incident CVD, including stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD). RESULTS Over a median 8.28 years (maximum 8.98 years) of follow-up, 3386 total CVD cases, including 801 stroke cases and 2585 total CHD cases, were identified. In multivariable Cox regression analyses, higher levels of log-transformed SII were significantly associated with total stroke (HR 1.224, 95% CI 1.065-1.407) and ischemic stroke (HR 1.234, 95% CI 1.055-1.442). For those participants with the highest quartiles of SII versus the lowest quartiles of SII, the HRs were 1.358 (95% CI 1.112-1.658) for total stroke, 1.302 (95% CI 1.041-1.629) for ischemic stroke, and 1.600 (95% CI 1.029-2.490) for hemorrhagic stroke. CONCLUSIONS SII may serve as a useful marker to elucidate the role of the interaction of thrombocytosis, inflammation, and immunity in the development of cerebrovascular diseases in the middle-aged and elderly population.
Collapse
|
14
|
Desai A, Mohammed T, Patel KN, Almnajam M, Kim AS. 5-Fluorouracil Rechallenge After Cardiotoxicity. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2020; 21:e924446. [PMID: 32860674 PMCID: PMC7483515 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.924446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Patient: Male, 66-year-old Final Diagnosis: Colon adenocarcinoma • ventricular arrhythmia Symptoms: Cardiac arrest • syncope Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Cardiac catheterization • Cardiac Electronic Implantable Device (CEID) Specialty: Cardiology • General and Internal Medicine • Oncology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Desai
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Turab Mohammed
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kunal N Patel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mansour Almnajam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Agnes S Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Impact of Intensive Lifestyle Treatment (Diet Plus Exercise) on Endothelial and Vascular Function, Arterial Stiffness and Blood Pressure in Stage 1 Hypertension: Results of the HINTreat Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051326. [PMID: 32392715 PMCID: PMC7284619 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle modification is an important component of essential hypertension (EH) therapy. The aim of the Hypertension Intensive Nutrition Treatment (HINTreat) parallel, randomized controlled trial was to examine the effect of a 6-month intensive lifestyle treatment (ILT) (diet plus exercise with monthly visits) compared to the usual care. A total of 76 adults with stage 1 EH were randomized (38 in each group). Dietary analysis, anthropometry, physical activity, biochemical and urine profile, blood pressure (BP), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), central hemodynamics, β-stiffness index and carotid intima media-thickness were evaluated. The dietary inflammatory index (DII) was calculated for each participant from the intake of 29 nutrients/food components. At the end of the trial, participants in the ILT group reduced their 24h urinary Na excretion (p ≤ 0.001), daytime systolic BP (p ≤ 0.048) and mean carotid β-stiffness index (p ≤ 0.005) and ameliorated their lipidemic profile compared to the standard care. Univariate analysis for the total sample showed a strong association between DII and ADMA levels (β = 0.089, p ≤ 0.01). ILT is effective in improving the inflammatory components of the diet and selected cardiometabolic parameters, including arterial stiffness.
Collapse
|
16
|
Norde MM, Tabung FK, Giovannucci EL, Fisberg RM, Rogero MM. Validation and adaptation of the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern across nations: A test case. Nutrition 2020; 79-80:110843. [PMID: 32563770 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) assesses the inflammatory potential of diet in the US population. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of the EDIP to a Brazilian population. METHODS Data from 19- to 75-y-old participants of two editions of the cross-sectional population-based Health Survey of Sao Paulo (HS-SP) were used to validate the EDIP (n = 269; HS-SP 2008), develop an EDIP adapted to a Sao Paulo population, the EDIP-SP (n = 441; HS-SP 2008), and replicate EDIP-SP results in an independent sample (n = 501; HS-SP 2015). Dietary data was assessed through two 24-h recalls and one validated food frequency questionnaire. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), and nine other inflammatory biomarkers were determined. EDIP was tested for its association with the 10 inflammatory biomarkers. For development of the EDIP-SP, 21 food groups and their contributions to plasma CRP levels were modeled using a stepwise multiple linear regression adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS The EDIP was not associated with concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers in a Brazilian population. The components of EDIP-SP were processed meats (β = 0.27; P = 0.082), fruits and vegetables (β = -0.12; P = 0.018), and rice and beans (β = -0.27; P = 0.007). EDIP-SP significantly predicted dietary quality (β = -6.1; P < 0.001) and its inflammatory potential was replicated among men (β = 0.36; P = 0.01), but not among women (β = 0.05; P = 0.82). CONCLUSION EDIP was adapted to the Sao Paulo population. EDIP-SP, composed of high processed meat intake and low intake of fruits and vegetables, and rice and beans, constitutes an important tool to investigate dietary quality based on its inflammatory potential, in Brazilian populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Norde
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Fred K Tabung
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, and Comprehensive Cancer Center; Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Regina M Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health of the University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
PR3 levels are impaired in plasma and PBMCs from Arabs with cardiovascular diseases. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227606. [PMID: 31935243 PMCID: PMC6959567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks persist in patients despite treatment. CVD susceptibility also varies with sex and ethnicity and is not entirely explained by conventional CVD risk factors. The aim of the present study was to identify novel CVD candidate markers in circulating Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and plasma from Arab obese subjects with and without CVD using proteomic approaches. Human adults with confirmed CVD (n = 208) and matched non-CVD controls (n = 152) living in Kuwait were examined in the present cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and classical biochemical parameters were determined. We employed a shotgun proteomic profiling approach on PBMCs isolated from a subset of the groups (n = 4, each), and differentially expressed proteins selected between the two groups were validated at the mRNA level using RT-PCR (n = 6, each). Plasma levels of selected proteins from the proteomics profiling: Proteinase-3 (PR3), Annexin-A3 (ANX3), Defensin (DEFA1), and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), were measured in the entire cohort using human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits and were subsequently correlated with various clinical parameters. Out of the 1407 we identified and quantified from the proteomics profiling, 47 proteins were dysregulated with at least twofold change between the two subject groups. Among the differentially expressed proteins, 11 were confirmed at the mRNA levels. CVD influenced the levels of the shortlisted proteins (MMP9, PR3, ANX3, and DEFA1) in the PBMCs and plasma differentially. Despite the decreased levels of both protein and mRNA in PBMCs, PR3 circulating levels increased significantly in patients with CVD and were influenced by neither diabetes nor statin treatment. No significant changes were; however, observed in the DEFA1, MMP9, and ANX3 levels in plasma. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only PR3 was independently associated with CVD. Our results suggest that the dysregulation of PR3 levels in plasma and PBMCs reflects underlying residual CVD risks even in the treated population. More prospective and larger studies are required to establish the role of PR3 in CVD progression.
Collapse
|
18
|
Low LA, Sutherland M, Lumelsky N, Selimovic S, Lundberg MS, Tagle DA. Organs-on-a-Chip. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1230:27-42. [PMID: 32285363 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36588-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Organs-on-chips, also known as "tissue chips" or microphysiological systems (MPS), are bioengineered microsystems capable of recreating aspects of human organ physiology and function and are in vitro tools with multiple applications in drug discovery and development. The ability to recapitulate human and animal tissues in physiologically relevant three-dimensional, multi-cellular environments allows applications in the drug development field, including; (1) use in assessing the safety and toxicity testing of potential therapeutics during early-stage preclinical drug development; (2) confirmation of drug/therapeutic efficacy in vitro; and (3) disease modeling of human tissues to recapitulate pathophysiology within specific subpopulations and even individuals, thereby advancing precision medicine efforts. This chapter will discuss the development and evolution of three-dimensional organ models over the past decade, and some of the opportunities offered by MPS technology that are not available through current standard two-dimensional cell cultures, or three-dimensional organoid systems. This chapter will outline future avenues of research in the MPS field, how cutting-edge biotechnology advances are expanding the applications for these systems, and discuss the current and future potential and challenges remaining for the field to address.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie A Low
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Margaret Sutherland
- National Institute for Neurological Disorder and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nadya Lumelsky
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Seila Selimovic
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martha S Lundberg
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Danilo A Tagle
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang Q, Liu Q, Lv H, Wang F, Liu R, Zeng N. Effect of pulegone on the NLPR3 inflammasome during inflammatory activation of THP-1 cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:1304-1312. [PMID: 32010303 PMCID: PMC6966169 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulegone is a key active component of Schizonepeta essential oil and has been determined to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms with regard to the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, also known as the NALP3 inflammasome, have remained to be elucidated. NLRP3 represents a potential link between inflammation and immunity and may play possible key role in various pathologies. In the present study, the modulatory effects of pulegone on the NLRP3 inflammasome were investigated. THP-1 cells induced with phorbol myristate acetate were divided into various groups, including the Normal (control), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS + ATP/nigericin, LPS + ATP/nigericin + 0.2% DMSO and pulegone (0.2, 0.1 and 0.05 mg/ml) groups. ELISA was used to detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 in the cell supernatants and the influence of potassium ions was assessed. PCR was used to determine the expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-1α in the cell lysates. Furthermore, NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) were detected via immunofluorescence assays and fluorescence microscopy was employed to determine the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the THP-1 cells. The results indicated reduced levels of IL-18 and IL-1β in the supernatant of the cells of the pulegone groups when compared with those in the LPS + ATP/nigericin group. In addition, reduced mRNA production of inflammasome-associated genes was detected in the cell lysates after pulegone treatment. The immunofluorescence analyses indicated significantly reduced protein expression levels of NLRP3 and ASC in the pulegone groups, as well as co-localization of the NLRP3 and ASC proteins. The pulegone groups also exhibited significantly reduced ROS levels. Furthermore, a high concentration of potassium ions significantly reduced the secretion of IL-1β after induction/stimulation. In conclusion, the present study suggested that pulegone exerts its anti-inflammatory effects on LPS + ATP/nigericin-induced THP-1 cells via inhibition of NLRP3 expression, and its regulatory mechanism is associated with potassium channel and ROS pathways. It was hypothesized that pulegone first inhibits ROS signaling, to then inhibit NLRP3 expression as a downstream event. It appeared that NLRP3 may be situated further downstream and represented the link between inflammation and immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingxin Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China.,Department of Pharmacology, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, P.R. China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Norde MM, Fisberg RM, Marchioni DML, Rogero MM. Systemic low-grade inflammation-associated lifestyle, diet, and genetic factors: A population-based cross-sectional study. Nutrition 2019; 70:110596. [PMID: 31743813 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systemic low-grade inflammation (SLGI) is an intermediary common condition to the physiopathology of chronic noncommunicable diseases and targeting its determinants could lead to more efficient public health strategies. We aimed to investigate SLGI-independent associations with lifestyle, diet, and genetic factors in a population-based sample of adults using a systemic low-grade inflammation score (SIS). METHODS The study sample is composed of 269 participants from the cross-sectional population-based Health Survey of Sao Paulo (2008-2010), ages 20 to 59 y, whose data on socioeconomic variables, lifestyle, health parameters, and blood samples were available. Diet was assessed by two 24-h recalls, and the Brazilian Health Eating Index-Revised (BHEI-R) was scored. From blood samples, 30 single nucleotide polymorphisms on inflammatory genes were genotyped, and plasma eleven inflammatory biomarkers levels that composed the SIS were determined. A multiple, stepwise, linear regression was used to investigate SIS-independent associated factors. RESULTS Factors independently associated with SIS were BHEI-R score (partial R² = 5.1; β = -0.13; P = 0.003), body mass index (partial R² = 3.4; β = 0.19; P = 0.001), TLR4 rs5030728 GA + AA genotype (partial R² = 3.1; β = -1.37; P = 0.008), age 50 to 59 y (partial R² = 2.5; β = 1.93; P = 0.029) in comparison with the reference category (20 to 29 y), and commuting physical activity >150 min/wk (partial R² = 2.2; β = -1.29; P = 0.043) after adjustment for current smoking status, medication use, and dietary misreporting. CONCLUSIONS Eating a lower quality diet, having a higher body mass index score and age, being GG homozygous for TLR4 rs5030728, and spending <150 min/wk in transportation physical activity are independent determinants of SLGI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Norde
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City, SP, Brazil
| | - Regina M Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City, SP, Brazil
| | - Dirce M L Marchioni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo City, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Targeting Inflammation by Flavonoids: Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194957. [PMID: 31597283 PMCID: PMC6801776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A balanced metabolic profile is essential for normal human physiological activities. Disproportions in nutrition give rise to imbalances in metabolism that are associated with aberrant immune function and an elevated risk for inflammatory-associated disorders. Inflammation is a complex process, and numerous mediators affect inflammation-mediated disorders. The available clinical modalities do not effectively address the underlying diseases but rather relieve the symptoms. Therefore, novel targeted agents have the potential to normalize the metabolic system and, thus, provide meaningful therapy to the underlying disorder. In this connection, polyphenols, the well-known and extensively studied phytochemical moieties, were evaluated for their effective role in the restoration of metabolism via various mechanistic signaling pathways. The various flavonoids that we observed in this comprehensive review interfere with the metabolic events that induce inflammation. The mechanisms via which the polyphenols, in particular flavonoids, act provide a promising treatment option for inflammatory disorders. However, detailed clinical studies of such molecules are required to decide their clinical fate.
Collapse
|
22
|
Jansen van Vuren E, Malan L, von Känel R, Magnusson M, Lammertyn L, Malan NT. BDNF increases associated with constant troponin T levels and may protect against poor cognitive interference control: The SABPA prospective study. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13116. [PMID: 30932178 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulates brain health and cognition, which can interfere with executive cognitive function. BDNF was implicated with microcirculatory ischaemia and may reflect cardiomyocyte injury. We aimed to determine whether prospective changes (%Δ) in BDNF and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) will be associated with executive cognitive function in a bi-ethnic cohort. DESIGN A prospective investigation was conducted over a three-year period in a bi-ethnic sex cohort (N = 338; aged 20-65 years) from South Africa. Fasting serum samples for BDNF and cTnT were obtained. The STROOP-color-word conflict test (CWT) was applied to assess executive cognitive function at baseline. RESULTS In Blacks, BDNF (P < 0.001) increased over the three-year period while cTnT did not change. In contrast, in Whites, BDNF and cTnT decreased over three years. In Black men, no change in cTnT was associated with increased ΔBDNF (β = 0.25; 95% CI 0.05-0.45; P = 0.02). In the Black men, constant cTnT levels were inversely associated with executive cognitive function (β = -0.33; 95% CI -0.53 to -0.12; P = 0.003). Three-year increases in BDNF increased the likelihood for chronic lower cTnT levels at a pre-established cut-point of <4.2 ng/L [OR = 2.35 (1.12-4.94), P = 0.02]. The above associations were not found in the White sex groups. CONCLUSIONS Central neural control mechanisms may have upregulated BDNF in Black men as a way to protect against myocardial stress progression and to possibly improve processes related to cognitive interference control. High-sensitive cTnT levels may act as an early predictor of disturbed neural control mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esmé Jansen van Vuren
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Leoné Malan
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Roland von Känel
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.,Department of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Magnusson
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Leandi Lammertyn
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.,MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Nicolaas T Malan
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Association between caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 rs2043211 polymorphism and cardiovascular disease susceptibility: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Anatol J Cardiol 2019; 20:70-76. [PMID: 30088494 PMCID: PMC6237961 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2018.32650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To verify the association between the caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 (CARD8) single nucleotide polymorphism rs2043211 in the CARD8 gene and cardiovascular diseases. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted for related literature in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. At last, Six eligible case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. Crude odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to estimate the strength of the association between CARD8 rs2043211 polymorphisms and the susceptibility of cardiovascular diseases. Results: For the homozygous model, OR was 1.21 (1.08-1.36, I2=0.0%, Pheterogeneity=0.542). For the heterozygous model (AT vs. AA), OR was 1.20 (1.04–1.38, I2=57.2%, Pheterogeneity=0.039). For the dominant model, OR was 1.24 (1.14-1.34, I2=38.5%, Pheterogeneity=0.149). For the allele model, OR was 0.96 (0.77-1.20, I2=92.7%, Pheterogeneity=0.000). For the recessive model, OR was 1.00 (0.91-1.10, I2=48.4%, Pheterogeneity=0.085). Conclusion: The present study showed that CARD8 rs2043211 polymorphism is associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
24
|
Spinella A, Coppi F, Mattioli AV, Lumetti F, Rossi R, Cocchiara E, Colaci M, Boriani G, Ferri C, Salvarani C, Giuggioli D. Management of cardiopulmonary disease in patients with systemic sclerosis: cardiorheumatology clinic and patient care standardization proposal. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2019; 19:513-515. [PMID: 30004950 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Coppi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena
| | - Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena
| | | | - Rosario Rossi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena
| | | | - Michele Colaci
- Internal Medicine Unit, Cannizzaro Hospital, University of Catania, Catania
| | - Giuseppe Boriani
- Department of Diagnostics, Clinical and Public Health Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cabral M, Severo M, Ramos E. Ability of adiposity indicators to identify elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in young adults. Nutrition 2019; 63-64:75-80. [PMID: 30933729 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to compare the discriminatory ability of different adiposity indicators in distinguishing subclinical inflammatory levels in individuals 21 y of age. METHODS Data from the EPITeen (Epidemiological Health Investigation of Teenagers in Porto) population-based cohort (N = 1547) was analyzed. Body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were ascertained to assess their relationship to high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Logistic regression models were fitted to examine the association of each adiposity indicator with elevated hs-CRP (≥75th sex-specific percentile). The areas under the curve (AUCs) of the receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated for all adiposity indicators to compare their relative ability to correctly classify individuals with elevated hs-CRP. RESULTS After adjustment, all adiposity indicators were significantly associated with high hs-CRP in both sexes, except WHR in women (odds ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98-1.36). The magnitude of the associations was stronger in women. BMI presented the best discriminatory ability in women (AUC = 0.675; 95% CI, 0.632-0.717; cutoff values >22.6 kg/m2). In men, both BF% (AUC = 0.604; 95% CI, 0.557-0.651; cutoff values >18%) and WHtR (AUC = 0.604; 95% CI, 0.557-0.651; cutoff values >0.5) showed the best discriminatory ability. On the contrary, WHR showed the least ability to discriminate high hs-CRP in both sexes (AUC = 0.539; 95% CI, 0.489-0.584 for women and AUC = 0.574; 95% CI, 0.528-0.620 for men). CONCLUSION WHR showed the least discriminatory ability for correctly identifying individuals with elevated hs-CRP. The small differences observed among the adiposity indices hinder the recommendation of a single best adiposity measure as predictor of low-grade inflammatory levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cabral
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Ramos
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Portugal, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
DUSP1 Is a Potential Marker of Chronic Inflammation in Arabs with Cardiovascular Diseases. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2018:9529621. [PMID: 30647800 PMCID: PMC6311887 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9529621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks persist in patients despite the use of conventional treatments. This might be due to chronic inflammation as reflected in epidemiological studies associating circulating low-grade inflammatory markers with CVD recurrent events. Here, we explored this potential link by assessing plasma dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) levels and comparing them to high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels and their associations to conventional CVD risk factors in confirmed CVD patients. Methods Human adults with reported CVD (n = 207) and controls (n = 70) living in Kuwait were used in this study. Anthropometric and classical biochemical parameters were determined. Plasma levels of DUSP1, oxLDL, and hsCRP were measured using human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results DUSP1 and hsCRP plasma levels and their least square means were higher in CVD cases, while oxLDL plasma levels were lower (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that DUSP1 and hsCRP are independently associated with CVD in the studied population, as reflected by 2-fold and 1.5-fold increased risks with increased levels of DUSP1 and hsCRP, respectively. In our study, DUSP1 levels were found to be associated with CVD despite statin treatment and diabetes status (p < 0.05), whereas hsCRP mainly correlated with obesity markers. Conclusions Circulating DUSP1 might be a predictor of chronic subclinical inflammation and residual risk in CVD patients, whereas our data suggest that the association between hsCRP and CVD is largely accounted for adiposity risk factors.
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhou X, Cai J, Liu W, Wu X, Gao C. Cysteinyl leukotriene receptor type 1 (CysLT1R) antagonist zafirlukast protects against TNF-α-induced endothelial inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 111:452-459. [PMID: 30594784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction induced by chronic inflammation has been considered one of the most important mechanisms behind a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Extensive efforts have been made in past decades to explore the underlying mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and to develop new therapeutic agents for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Zafirlukast, a selective antagonist of CysLT receptor 1 (CysLT1R), has been licensed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of asthma. In this study, we found that zafirlukast possesses beneficial protective effects on endothelial cells from TNF-α-induced inflammatory response and injury. Our results indicate that TNF-α treatment induces CysLT1R expression. The addition of zafirlukast to culture media suppressed TNF-α-induced expression of endothelial vascular adhesion molecules, such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and induction of cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8. Zafirlukast also ameliorated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells induced by TNF-α. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that zafirlukast suppresses MAPK kinase p38 and NF-κB activation to inhibit inflammatory mediators. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the mechanisms of a potential therapeutic strategy for endothelial dysfunction-related diseases and shed light on the possible application of zafirlukast in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Jianping Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Weili Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China
| | - Chuanyu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital (Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital), Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cervadoro A, Palomba R, Vergaro G, Cecchi R, Menichetti L, Decuzzi P, Emdin M, Luin S. Targeting Inflammation With Nanosized Drug Delivery Platforms in Cardiovascular Diseases: Immune Cell Modulation in Atherosclerosis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:177. [PMID: 30542650 PMCID: PMC6277804 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a disorder of large and medium-sized arteries; it consists in the formation of lipid-rich plaques in the intima and inner media, whose pathophysiology is mostly driven by inflammation. Currently available interventions and therapies for treating atherosclerosis are not always completely effective; side effects associated with treatments, mainly caused by immunodepression for anti-inflammatory molecules, limit the systemic administration of these and other drugs. Given the high degree of freedom in the design of nanoconstructs, in the last decades researchers have put high effort in the development of nanoparticles (NPs) formulations specifically designed for either drug delivery, visualization of atherosclerotic plaques, or possibly the combination of both these and other functionalities. Here we will present the state of the art of these subjects, the knowledge of which is necessary to rationally address the use of NPs for prevention, diagnosis, and/or treatment of AS. We will analyse the work that has been done on: (a) understanding the role of the immune system and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases, (b) the pathological and biochemical principles in atherosclerotic plaque formation, (c) the latest advances in the use of NPs for the recognition and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, (d) the cellular and animal models useful to study the interactions of NPs with the immune system cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberto Palomba
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vergaro
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Cecchi
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy.,Center for Nanotechnology Innovation (CNI@NEST), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Luin
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy.,NEST Laboratory, Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lim SY, Bae EH, Han KD, Jung JH, Choi HS, Kim HY, Kim CS, Ma SK, Kim SW. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease: a nationwide, population-based study in Korea. Lupus 2018; 27:2050-2056. [PMID: 30282562 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318804883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence and clinical significance of cardiovascular disease in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. METHODS We included systemic lupus erythematosus patients ( n = 18,575) without previous cardiovascular disease and age- and sex-matched individuals without systemic lupus erythematosus (controls; n = 92,875) from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database (2008-2014). Both cohorts were followed up for incident cardiovascular disease and death until 2015. RESULTS During follow up, myocardial infarction occurred in 203 systemic lupus erythematosus patients and 325 controls (incidence rate: 1.76 and 0.56 per 1000 person-years, respectively), stroke occurred in 289 patients and 403 controls (incidence rate: 2.51 and 0.70 per 1000 person-years, respectively), heart failure occurred in 358 patients and 354 controls (incidence rate 3.11 and 0.61 per 1000 person-years, respectively), and death occurred in 744 patients and 948 controls (incidence rate 6.54 and 1.64 per 1000 person-years, respectively). Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had higher risks for myocardial infarction (hazard ratio: 2.74, 95% confidence interval: 2.28-3.37), stroke (hazard ratio: 3.31, 95% confidence interval: 2.84-3.86), heart failure (hazard ratio: 4.60, 95% confidence interval: 3.96-5.35), and cardiac death (hazard ratio: 3.98, 95% confidence interval: 3.61-4.39). CONCLUSIONS Here, systemic lupus erythematosus was an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, thus cardiac assessment and management are critical in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Y Lim
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea
| | - E H Bae
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - K-D Han
- 3 Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-H Jung
- 3 Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Choi
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - H Y Kim
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - C S Kim
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S K Ma
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S W Kim
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Irimia D, Wang X. Inflammation-on-a-Chip: Probing the Immune System Ex Vivo. Trends Biotechnol 2018; 36:923-937. [PMID: 29728272 PMCID: PMC6098972 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is the typical result of activating the host immune system against pathogens, and it helps to clear microbes from tissues. However, inflammation can occur in the absence of pathogens, contributing to tissue damage and leading to disease. Understanding how immune cells coordinate their activities to initiate, modulate, and terminate inflammation is key to developing effective interventions to preserve health and combat diseases. Towards this goal, inflammation-on-a-chip tools provide unique features that greatly benefit the study of inflammation. They reconstitute tissue environments in microfabricated devices and enable real-time, high-resolution observations and quantification of cellular activities relevant to inflammation. We review here recent advances in inflammation-on-a-chip technologies and highlight the biological insights and clinical applications enabled by these emerging tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Irimia
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Xiao Wang
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sun HH, Tian F. Inflammatory bowel disease and cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality: A meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 25:1623-1631. [PMID: 30074405 DOI: 10.1177/2047487318792952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background The risk of cardiovascular disease occurrence and death in inflammatory bowel disease patients is still unclear. Design Meta-analysis. Methods Pertinent studies were identified by searching articles in PubMed and Web of Knowledge to December 2017 and reviewing the reference lists of the retrieved articles. We used the fixed-effect model to pool the study-specific estimates when there was no indication of heterogeneity; otherwise, the random-effect model was used. Results A total of 27 articles was included, of which 11 studies reported the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence and 16 studies reported the risk of cardiovascular disease death. The pooled relative risks were 1.25 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 1.44), 1.17 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.27) and 1.12 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.21) for cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, respectively. In particular, the pooled relative risk was much higher in females. The pooled standardized mortality ratios were 1.01 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.14) for Crohn's disease patients and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.01) for ulcerative colitis patients with low heterogeneity across studies. No publication bias was detected. Conclusions There was a positive association between inflammatory bowel disease and higher risk of cardiovascular disease incidence, particularly in females. Such an association was not observed for cardiovascular disease mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hao Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- School of Postgraduate, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Brinchmann BC, Skuland T, Rambøl MH, Szoke K, Brinchmann JE, Gutleb AC, Moschini E, Kubátová A, Kukowski K, Le Ferrec E, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Schwarze PE, Låg M, Refsnes M, Øvrevik J, Holme JA. Lipophilic components of diesel exhaust particles induce pro-inflammatory responses in human endothelial cells through AhR dependent pathway(s). Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:21. [PMID: 29751765 PMCID: PMC5948689 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to traffic-derived particulate matter (PM), such as diesel exhaust particles (DEP), is a leading environmental cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and may contribute to endothelial dysfunction and development of atherosclerosis. It is still debated how DEP and other inhaled PM can contribute to CVD. However, organic chemicals (OC) adhered to the particle surface, are considered central to many of the biological effects. In the present study, we have explored the ability of OC from DEP to reach the endothelium and trigger pro-inflammatory reactions, a central step on the path to atherosclerosis. Results Exposure-relevant concentrations of DEP (0.12 μg/cm2) applied on the epithelial side of an alveolar 3D tri-culture, rapidly induced pro-inflammatory and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-regulated genes in the basolateral endothelial cells. These effects seem to be due to soluble lipophilic constituents rather than particle translocation. Extractable organic material of DEP (DEP-EOM) was next fractionated with increasing polarity, chemically characterized, and examined for direct effects on pro-inflammatory and AhR-regulated genes in human microvascular endothelial (HMEC-1) cells and primary human endothelial cells (PHEC) from four healthy donors. Exposure-relevant concentrations of lipophilic DEP-EOM (0.15 μg/cm2) induced low to moderate increases in IL-1α, IL-1β, COX2 and MMP-1 gene expression, and the MMP-1 secretion was increased. By contrast, the more polar EOM had negligible effects, even at higher concentrations. Use of pharmacological inhibitors indicated that AhR and protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) were central in regulation of EOM-induced gene expression. Some effects also seemed to be attributed to redox-responses, at least at the highest exposure concentrations tested. Although the most lipophilic EOM, that contained the majority of PAHs and aliphatics, had the clearest low-concentration effects, there was no straight-forward link between chemical composition and biological effects. Conclusion Lipophilic and semi-lipophilic chemicals seemed to detach from DEP, translocate through alveolar epithelial cells and trigger pro-inflammatory reactions in endothelial cells at exposure-relevant concentrations. These effects appeared to be triggered by AhR agonists, and involve PAR-2 signaling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-018-0257-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bendik C Brinchmann
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tonje Skuland
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mia H Rambøl
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Krisztina Szoke
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan E Brinchmann
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Belvaux, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Elisa Moschini
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Belvaux, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Alena Kubátová
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Klara Kukowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Eric Le Ferrec
- Inserm U1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement, Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Inserm U1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement, Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Rennes, France
| | - Per E Schwarze
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Låg
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magne Refsnes
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cheng F, Zhang M, Wang Q, Xu H, Dong X, Gao Z, Chen J, Wei Y, Qin F. Tooth loss and risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke: A dose-response meta analysis of prospective cohort studies. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194563. [PMID: 29590166 PMCID: PMC5874035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conflicting results identifying the association between tooth loss and cardiovascular disease and stroke have been reported. Therefore, a dose-response meta-analysis was performed to clarify and quantitatively assess the correlation between tooth loss and cardiovascular disease and stroke risk. Up to March 2017, seventeen cohort studies were included in current meta-analysis, involving a total of 879084 participants with 43750 incident cases. Our results showed statistically significant increment association between tooth loss and cardiovascular disease and stroke risk. Subgroups analysis indicated that tooth loss was associated with a significant risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke in Asia and Caucasian. Furthermore, tooth loss was associated with a significant risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke in fatal cases and nonfatal cases. Additionally, a significant dose-response relationship was observed between tooth loss and cardiovascular disease and stroke risk. Increasing per 2 of tooth loss was associated with a 3% increment of coronary heart disease risk; increasing per 2 of tooth loss was associated with a 3% increment of stroke risk. Subgroup meta-analyses in study design, study quality, number of participants and number of cases showed consistent findings. No publication bias was observed in this meta-analysis. Considering these promising results, tooth loss might provide harmful health benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Haijun Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiajuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yunjie Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Fen Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Krittanawong C. Useful strategies for the emerging of Zika pandemic and its silent cardiovascular complications. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 24:1988-1990. [PMID: 29053013 DOI: 10.1177/2047487317737182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
35
|
Beierlein JM, McNamee LM, Walsh MJ, Kaitin KI, DiMasi JA, Ledley FD. Landscape of Innovation for Cardiovascular Pharmaceuticals: From Basic Science to New Molecular Entities. Clin Ther 2017; 39:1409-1425.e20. [PMID: 28652015 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examines the complete timelines of translational science for new cardiovascular therapeutics from the initiation of basic research leading to identification of new drug targets through clinical development and US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of new molecular entities (NMEs) based on this research. METHODS This work extends previous studies by examining the association between the growth of research on drug targets and approval of NMEs associated with these targets. Drawing on research on innovation in other technology sectors, where technological maturity is an important determinant in the success or failure of new product development, an analytical model was used to characterize the growth of research related to the known targets for all 168 approved cardiovascular therapeutics. FINDINGS Categorizing and mapping the technological maturity of cardiovascular therapeutics reveal that (1) there has been a distinct transition from phenotypic to targeted methods for drug discovery, (2) the durations of clinical and regulatory processes were significantly influenced by changes in FDA practice, and (3) the longest phase of the translational process was the time required for technology to advance from initiation of research to a statistically defined established point of technology maturation (mean, 30.8 years). IMPLICATIONS This work reveals a normative association between metrics of research maturation and approval of new cardiovascular therapeutics and suggests strategies for advancing translational science by accelerating basic and applied research and improving the synchrony between the maturation of this research and drug development initiatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Beierlein
- Center for Integration of Science and Industry, Department of Natural & Applied Sciences, Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Laura M McNamee
- Center for Integration of Science and Industry, Department of Natural & Applied Sciences, Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Michael J Walsh
- Center for Integration of Science and Industry, Department of Natural & Applied Sciences, Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Kenneth I Kaitin
- Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joseph A DiMasi
- Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fred D Ledley
- Center for Integration of Science and Industry, Department of Natural & Applied Sciences, Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts; Department of Management, Bentley University, Waltham, Massachusetts.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Thorn SL, Sinusas AJ. Editorial in response to: PET/CT evaluation of 18F-FDG uptake in pericoronary adipose tissue in patients with stable coronary artery disease: Independent predictor of atherosclerotic lesion formation? : Is there prognostic value in evaluation of 18F-FDG uptake in the pericoronary adipose tissue? J Nucl Cardiol 2017; 24:1085-1088. [PMID: 26976143 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-016-0458-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Thorn
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA.
| | - Albert J Sinusas
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yalta T, Yalta K. Systemic Inflammation and Arrhythmogenesis: A Review of Mechanistic and Clinical Perspectives. Angiology 2017; 69:288-296. [DOI: 10.1177/0003319717709380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the recent decades, systemic inflammation, as a clinical phenomenon, has been the focus of extensive research particularly with regard to its potential association with a variety of cardiovascular diseases including atherogenesis and acute coronary syndromes. Within this context, there also exists a potential link between systemic inflammation and cardiac arrhythmogenesis in various aspects. Accordingly, systemic inflammation response as measured with inflammation markers (cytokines, etc) has been investigated in the setting of well-known cardiac arrhythmias including atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. Based on current literature, clinical utility of these markers might potentially yield important prognostic implications in the setting of certain arrhythmogenic conditions. On the other hand, there exists limited data regarding therapeutic implications including clinical benefit of primary anti-inflammatory agents (corticosteroids, colchicine, etc) in the setting of arrhythmia management. The present review primarily aims to discuss potential triggers and fundamental mechanisms of inflammation-related arrhythmias along with a particular emphasis on clinical implications of systemic inflammation in the setting of cardiac arrhythmogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tulin Yalta
- Pathology Department, Trakya Üniversity, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Kenan Yalta
- Cardiology Department, Trakya Üniversity, Edirne, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fedewa MV, Hathaway ED, Higgins S, Das BM, Forehand RL, Schmidt MD, Evans EM. Interactive associations of physical activity, adiposity, and oral contraceptive use on C-reactive protein levels in young women. Women Health 2017; 58:129-144. [PMID: 28277157 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2017.1292341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oral contraceptives (OCs) are the most frequently used type of birth control among young women. OC-users have higher C-reactive protein (CRP) values, an indicator of systemic inflammation, than do non-OC-users. In addition, adiposity (percent fat) is positively associated with CRP, and physical activity (PA) is inversely associated with CRP. The present study determined the interactive associations of PA, percent fat, and OC-use with CRP. Data were collected during 2012-2015 at the University of Georgia. Objective PA was measured via pedometers. Percent fat was measured via dual X-ray absorptiometry. The current OC-use was self-reported. High-sensitivity (hs) CRP was determined using venipuncture. Multivariate linear regression determined the interactive associations of percent fat, OC-use, and PA with hs-CRP. Participants (n = 247; mean age 18.9 ± 1.4 years, 60.7 percent white) accumulated a mean of 10,075.7 ± 3,593.4 steps/day. One-third of participants were categorized as overweight/obese by BMI (mean = 24.5 ± 4.8 kg/m2, mean percent fat = 35.2 ± 6.8). The current OC-use was reported by 26.2 percent of the sample (n = 61). A significant three-way interaction (β = 0.01, p = .03) indicated that higher PA was associated with lower hs-CRP in non-OC-users with higher percent fat, but not among OC-users with higher percent fat. These results highlight the need to measure and account for the current OC-use in studies examining the relationship between PA and CRP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael V Fedewa
- a Department of Kinesiology , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama , USA.,b Department of Kinesiology , The University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia , USA
| | - Elizabeth D Hathaway
- a Department of Kinesiology , The University of Alabama , Tuscaloosa , Alabama , USA.,e University of Tennessee at Chattanooga , Chattanooga , Tennessee , USA
| | - Simon Higgins
- b Department of Kinesiology , The University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia , USA
| | - Bhibha M Das
- b Department of Kinesiology , The University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia , USA.,c Department of Kinesiology , East Carolina University , Greenville , North Carolina , USA
| | - Ronald L Forehand
- d University Health Center, The University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia , USA
| | - Michael D Schmidt
- b Department of Kinesiology , The University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia , USA
| | - Ellen M Evans
- b Department of Kinesiology , The University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia , USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gregson JM, Freitag DF, Surendran P, Stitziel NO, Chowdhury R, Burgess S, Kaptoge S, Gao P, Staley JR, Willeit P, Nielsen SF, Caslake M, Trompet S, Polfus LM, Kuulasmaa K, Kontto J, Perola M, Blankenberg S, Veronesi G, Gianfagna F, Männistö S, Kimura A, Lin H, Reilly DF, Gorski M, Mijatovic V, Munroe PB, Ehret GB, Thompson A, Uria-Nickelsen M, Malarstig A, Dehghan A, Vogt TF, Sasaoka T, Takeuchi F, Kato N, Yamada Y, Kee F, Müller-Nurasyid M, Ferrières J, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Salomaa V, Boerwinkle E, Thompson SG, Ford I, Wouter Jukema J, Sattar N, Packard CJ, Shafi Majumder AA, Alam DS, Deloukas P, Schunkert H, Samani NJ, Kathiresan S, Nordestgaard BG, Saleheen D, Howson JMM, Di Angelantonio E, Butterworth AS, Danesh J. Genetic invalidation of Lp-PLA 2 as a therapeutic target: Large-scale study of five functional Lp-PLA 2-lowering alleles. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 24:492-504. [PMID: 27940953 PMCID: PMC5460752 DOI: 10.1177/2047487316682186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aims Darapladib, a potent inhibitor of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), has not reduced risk of cardiovascular disease outcomes in recent randomized trials. We aimed to test whether Lp-PLA2 enzyme activity is causally relevant to coronary heart disease. Methods In 72,657 patients with coronary heart disease and 110,218 controls in 23 epidemiological studies, we genotyped five functional variants: four rare loss-of-function mutations (c.109+2T > C (rs142974898), Arg82His (rs144983904), Val279Phe (rs76863441), Gln287Ter (rs140020965)) and one common modest-impact variant (Val379Ala (rs1051931)) in PLA2G7, the gene encoding Lp-PLA2. We supplemented de-novo genotyping with information on a further 45,823 coronary heart disease patients and 88,680 controls in publicly available databases and other previous studies. We conducted a systematic review of randomized trials to compare effects of darapladib treatment on soluble Lp-PLA2 activity, conventional cardiovascular risk factors, and coronary heart disease risk with corresponding effects of Lp-PLA2-lowering alleles. Results Lp-PLA2 activity was decreased by 64% ( p = 2.4 × 10-25) with carriage of any of the four loss-of-function variants, by 45% ( p < 10-300) for every allele inherited at Val279Phe, and by 2.7% ( p = 1.9 × 10-12) for every allele inherited at Val379Ala. Darapladib 160 mg once-daily reduced Lp-PLA2 activity by 65% ( p < 10-300). Causal risk ratios for coronary heart disease per 65% lower Lp-PLA2 activity were: 0.95 (0.88-1.03) with Val279Phe; 0.92 (0.74-1.16) with carriage of any loss-of-function variant; 1.01 (0.68-1.51) with Val379Ala; and 0.95 (0.89-1.02) with darapladib treatment. Conclusions In a large-scale human genetic study, none of a series of Lp-PLA2-lowering alleles was related to coronary heart disease risk, suggesting that Lp-PLA2 is unlikely to be a causal risk factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John M Gregson
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel F Freitag
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Praveen Surendran
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Nathan O Stitziel
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, USA
| | - Rajiv Chowdhury
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen Kaptoge
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Pei Gao
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - James R Staley
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Willeit
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Sune F Nielsen
- Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Kontto
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Perola
- Institute of Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Centre Hamburg, Germany
- University Medical Centre Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Veronesi
- Research Centre, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Gianfagna
- Research Centre, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Satu Männistö
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akinori Kimura
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, USA
- The NHLBI’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, USA
| | - Dermot F Reilly
- Merck Research Laboratories, Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Boston, USA
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University of Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, Germany
| | - Vladan Mijatovic
- Department of Life and Reproduction Sciences, University of Verona, Italy
| | | | - Patricia B Munroe
- Clinical Pharmacology and The Genome Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Georg B Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
- Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas F Vogt
- Merck Research Laboratories, Cardiometabolic Disease, Kenilworth, USA
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, Princeton, USA
| | - Taishi Sasaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathogenesis, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Japan
| | - Fumihiko Takeuchi
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Yamada
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Life Science Research Centre, Mie University, Japan
| | - Frank Kee
- UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queens University, Belfast, Ireland
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Jean Ferrières
- Department of Epidemiology, UMR 1027-INSERM, Toulouse University-CHU Toulouse, France
| | - Dominique Arveiler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, University of Strasbourg and Strasbourg University Hospital, France
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- THL-National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, USA
| | - Simon G Thompson
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dewan S Alam
- Centre for Global Health Research, St Michael Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Panos Deloukas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Nilesh J Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and National Institute for Health Research Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, UK
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Broad Institute, Cambridge and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joanna MM Howson
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - John Danesh
- MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
- British Heart Foundation Cambridge Centre of Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- National Institute of Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Kartalis A, Didagelos M, Georgiadis I, Benetos G, Smyrnioudis N, Marmaras H, Voutas P, Zotika C, Garoufalis S, Andrikopoulos G. Effects of Chios mastic gum on cholesterol and glucose levels of healthy volunteers: A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study (CHIOS-MASTIHA). Eur J Prev Cardiol 2015; 23:722-9. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487315603186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Georgios Benetos
- Cardiology Department, ‘Skylitseio’ General Hospital of Chios, Greece
| | | | | | - Petros Voutas
- Cardiology Department, ‘Skylitseio’ General Hospital of Chios, Greece
| | - Christina Zotika
- Cardiology Department, ‘Skylitseio’ General Hospital of Chios, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rojas J, Salazar J, Martínez MS, Palmar J, Bautista J, Chávez-Castillo M, Gómez A, Bermúdez V. Macrophage Heterogeneity and Plasticity: Impact of Macrophage Biomarkers on Atherosclerosis. SCIENTIFICA 2015; 2015:851252. [PMID: 26491604 PMCID: PMC4600540 DOI: 10.1155/2015/851252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global epidemic, currently representing the worldwide leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Atherosclerosis is the fundamental pathophysiologic component of CVD, where the immune system plays an essential role. Monocytes and macrophages are key mediators in this aspect: due to their heterogeneity and plasticity, these cells may act as either pro- or anti-inflammatory mediators. Indeed, monocytes may develop heterogeneous functional phenotypes depending on the predominating pro- or anti-inflammatory microenvironment within the lesion, resulting in classic, intermediate, and non-classic monocytes, each with strikingly differing features. Similarly, macrophages may also adopt heterogeneous profiles being mainly M1 and M2, the former showing a proinflammatory profile while the latter demonstrates anti-inflammatory traits; they are further subdivided in several subtypes with more specialized functions. Furthermore, macrophages may display plasticity by dynamically shifting between phenotypes in response to specific signals. Each of these distinct cell profiles is associated with diverse biomarkers which may be exploited for therapeutic intervention, including IL-10, IL-13, PPAR-γ, LXR, NLRP3 inflammasomes, and microRNAs. Direct modulation of the molecular pathways concerning these potential macrophage-related targets represents a promising field for new therapeutic alternatives in atherosclerosis and CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn Rojas
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
- Endocrinology Department, Maracaibo University Hospital, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
- *Joselyn Rojas:
| | - Juan Salazar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - María Sofía Martínez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Jim Palmar
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Jordan Bautista
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Mervin Chávez-Castillo
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Alexis Gómez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Willeit P, Thompson SG, Agewall S, Bergström G, Bickel H, Catapano AL, Chien KL, de Groot E, Empana JP, Etgen T, Franco OH, Iglseder B, Johnsen SH, Kavousi M, Lind L, Liu J, Mathiesen EB, Norata GD, Olsen MH, Papagianni A, Poppert H, Price JF, Sacco RL, Yanez DN, Zhao D, Schminke U, Bülbül A, Polak JF, Sitzer M, Hofman A, Grigore L, Dörr M, Su TC, Ducimetière P, Xie W, Ronkainen K, Kiechl S, Rundek T, Robertson C, Fagerberg B, Bokemark L, Steinmetz H, Ikram MA, Völzke H, Lin HJ, Plichart M, Tuomainen TP, Desvarieux M, McLachlan S, Schmidt C, Kauhanen J, Willeit J, Lorenz MW, Sander D. Inflammatory markers and extent and progression of early atherosclerosis: Meta-analysis of individual-participant-data from 20 prospective studies of the PROG-IMT collaboration. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2014; 23:194-205. [PMID: 25416041 DOI: 10.1177/2047487314560664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large-scale epidemiological evidence on the role of inflammation in early atherosclerosis, assessed by carotid ultrasound, is lacking. We aimed to quantify cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of inflammatory markers with common-carotid-artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) in the general population. METHODS Information on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, leucocyte count and CCA-IMT was available in 20 prospective cohort studies of the PROG-IMT collaboration involving 49,097 participants free of pre-existing cardiovascular disease. Estimates of associations were calculated within each study and then combined using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS Mean baseline CCA-IMT amounted to 0.74 mm (SD = 0.18) and mean CCA-IMT progression over a mean of 3.9 years to 0.011 mm/year (SD = 0.039). Cross-sectional analyses showed positive linear associations between inflammatory markers and baseline CCA-IMT. After adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, mean differences in baseline CCA-IMT per one-SD higher inflammatory marker were: 0.0082 mm for high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (p < 0.001); 0.0072 mm for fibrinogen (p < 0.001); and 0.0025 mm for leucocyte count (p = 0.033). 'Inflammatory load', defined as the number of elevated inflammatory markers (i.e. in upper two quintiles), showed a positive linear association with baseline CCA-IMT (p < 0.001). Longitudinal associations of baseline inflammatory markers and changes therein with CCA-IMT progression were null or at most weak. Participants with the highest 'inflammatory load' had a greater CCA-IMT progression (p = 0.015). CONCLUSION Inflammation was independently associated with CCA-IMT cross-sectionally. The lack of clear associations with CCA-IMT progression may be explained by imprecision in its assessment within a limited time period. Our findings for 'inflammatory load' suggest important combined effects of the three inflammatory markers on early atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Willeit
- The Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon G Thompson
- The Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefan Agewall
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Oslo, and the Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Norway
| | - Göran Bergström
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Horst Bickel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Alberico L Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, and IRCSS Multimedica Sesto S Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric de Groot
- Academic Medical Centre, Cardiology and Thoracic Surgery, and Imagelabonline and Cardiovascular, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thorleif Etgen
- Department of Neurology, Kliniken Südostbayern, Klinikum Traunstein, Germany
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Iglseder
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, and the Gemeinnützige Salzburger Landeskliniken Betriebsgesellschaft GmbH, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stein H Johnsen
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medicine, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, PR China
| | - Ellisiv B Mathiesen
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, and the Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Giuseppe D Norata
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, and the SISA Centre for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
| | - Michael H Olsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Centre for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Aikaterini Papagianni
- Department of Nephrology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, Greece
| | - Holger Poppert
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of the Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Jackie F Price
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ralph L Sacco
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | - David N Yanez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, PR China
| | - Ulf Schminke
- Department of Neurology, Greifswald University Clinic, Germany
| | - Alpaslan Bülbül
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Joseph F Polak
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Sitzer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Department of Neurology, Klinikum Herford, Germany
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liliana Grigore
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, and the SISA Centre for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department B for Internal Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, and the German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Wuxiang Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, PR China
| | - Kimmo Ronkainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tatjana Rundek
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Björn Fagerberg
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Bokemark
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helmuth Steinmetz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, SHIP/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hung-Ju Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Health Management Centre, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Matthieu Plichart
- INSERM, U970, Université Paris Descartes, France Gerontology Department, Broca Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Moise Desvarieux
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA, and the École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique, and INSERM U738, Paris, France
| | - Stela McLachlan
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Caroline Schmidt
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jussi Kauhanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johann Willeit
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Matthias W Lorenz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dirk Sander
- Department of Neurology, Benedictus Krankenhaus Tutzing and Feldafing, Tutzing, Germany and Technische Universität München, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Esser N, Paquot N, Scheen AJ. Anti-inflammatory agents to treat or prevent type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 24:283-307. [PMID: 25345753 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2015.974804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that chronic silent inflammation is a key feature in abdominal obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). These observations suggest that pharmacological strategies, which reduce inflammation, may be therapeutically useful in treating obesity, type 2 diabetes and associated CVD. AREA COVERED The article covers novel strategies, using either small molecules or monoclonal antibodies. These strategies include: approaches targeting IKK-b-NF-kB (salicylates, salsalate), TNF-α (etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab), IL-1β (anakinra, canakinumab) and IL-6 (tocilizumab), AMP-activated protein kinase activators, sirtuin-1 activators, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors and C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 antagonists. EXPERT OPINION The available data supports the concept that targeting inflammation improves insulin sensitivity and β-cell function; it also ameliorates glucose control in insulin-resistant patients with inflammatory rheumatoid diseases as well in patients with metabolic syndrome or T2DM. Although promising, the observed metabolic effects remain rather modest in most clinical trials. The potential use of combined anti-inflammatory agents targeting both insulin resistance and insulin secretion appears appealing but remains unexplored. Large-scale prospective clinical trials are underway to investigate the safety and efficacy of different anti-inflammatory drugs. Further evidence is needed to support the concept that targeting inflammation pathways may represent a valuable option to tackle the cardiometabolic complications of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Esser
- University of Liege and Division of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Department of Medicine, Virology and Immunology Unit, GIGA-ST , CHU Liège, Liège , Belgium
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Safety and tolerability of canakinumab, an IL-1β inhibitor, in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a pooled analysis of three randomised double-blind studies. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:94. [PMID: 24884602 PMCID: PMC4033489 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to assess the safety and tolerability of different doses of canakinumab versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Data were pooled from three studies in 1026 T2DM patients with different routes of administration, treatment regimens and follow-up duration. Canakinumab groups were categorised as low (0.03 mg/kg i.v. once; N = 20), intermediate (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg i.v. once, 5 and 15 mg s.c. monthly; N = 247), medium (1.5 mg/kg i.v. once, 50 mg s.c. monthly and 150 mg s.c. once; N = 268), and high doses (10 mg/kg i.v. once and 150 mg s.c. monthly; N = 137) and compared with placebo (N = 354). Incidences of adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), discontinuations due to AEs, deaths, AEs of special interest related to interleukin-1β inhibition and T2DM disease, and laboratory abnormalities related to haematology and biochemistry parameters were reported. Safety was also analysed by age (<65, ≥65) and gender. Results Average exposure across all groups was ≈ 6 months (maximum ~17 months). No dose response in AEs was observed but a trend towards more patients having at least one AE across canakinumab groups relative to placebo (P = 0.0152) was observed. SAEs were few and the incidence rate for most canakinumab groups was lower than that of placebo group except for the high-dose group (0.94% versus 0.58% per month in placebo). A total of five patients discontinued treatment due to AEs across treatment groups. No death was reported in any of the three studies. A small, non-significant increase in the incidence rate of infection AEs was observed on canakinumab groups relative to placebo. Canakinumab was associated with mostly mild decreases in WBC, neutrophils and platelet counts. Additionally, mild increases in SGPT, SGOT and bilirubin were reported. Overall, despite small differences, no clinically relevant findings were observed with respect to laboratory values and vital signs. Conclusions This pooled analysis demonstrated that canakinumab was safe and well tolerated over a treatment period up to 1.4 years at the four pooled doses evaluated, in agreement with safety findings reported in the individual studies.
Collapse
|