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Kang H, Song J, Cheng Y. HDL regulates the risk of cardiometabolic and inflammatory-related diseases: Focusing on cholesterol efflux capacity. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112622. [PMID: 38971111 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia, characterized by higher serum concentrations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and lower serum concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), is confirmed as a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), posing serious risks to the future health of humans. Aside from the role of HDL-C concentrations, the capacity of cholesterol efflux to HDL is being identified as an enssential messurement for the dyslipidemic morbidity. Through inducing the progression of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), the HDL-related cholesterol efflux plays a vital role in atherosclerotic plaque formation. In addition, increasing results demonstrated that the relationships between cholesterol efflux and cardiovascular events might be influenced by multiple factors, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and, inflammatory diseases. These risk factors could affect the intracellular composition of HDL, which might subsqently influence the cholesterol efflux process induced by HDL particle. In the present comprehensive article, we summarize the latest findings which described the modulatory roles of HDL in cardiometabolic disorders and inflammatory related diseases, focusing on its capacity in mediating cholesterol efflux. Moreover, the potential mechanisms whereby HDL regulate the risk of cardiometabolic disorders or inflammatory related diseases, at least partly, via cholesterol efflux pathway, are also well-listed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Kang
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jingjin Song
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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2
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Chatterjee B, Thakur SS. Valuable Contributions and Lessons Learned from Proteomics and Metabolomics Studies of COVID-19. J Proteome Res 2024. [PMID: 39157976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus infected more than 775,686,716 humans and was responsible for the death of more than 7,054,093 individuals. COVID-19 has taught us that the development of vaccines, repurposing of drugs, and understanding the mechanism of a disease can be done within a short time. The COVID-19 proteomics and metabolomics has contributed to its diagnosis, understanding of its progression, host-virus interaction, disease mechanism, and also in the search of suitable anti-COVID therapeutics. Mass spectrometry based proteomics was used to find the potential biomarkers of different stages of COVID-19 including severe and nonsevere cases in the blood serum. Notably, protein-protein interaction techniques to understand host-virus interactions were also significantly useful. The single-cell proteomics studies were carried out to ascertain the changes in immune cell composition and its activation in mild COVID-19 patients versus severe COVID-19 patients using whole-blood and peripheral-blood mononuclear cells. Modern technologies were helpful to deal with the pandemic; however, there is still scope for further development. Further, attempts were made to understand the protein-protein, metabolite-metabolite, and protein-metabolite interactomes, derived from proteins and metabolite fingerprints of COVID-19 patients by reanalysis of COVID-19 public mass spectrometry based proteomics and metabolomics studies. Further, some of these interactions were supported by the literature as validations in the COVID-19 studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suman S Thakur
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
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3
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Wang Z, Zhan C, Liao L, Luo Y, Lin S, Yan S. Bidirectional causality between the levels of blood lipids and endometriosis: a two-sample mendelian randomization study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:387. [PMID: 38965508 PMCID: PMC11223312 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03213-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have found a correlation between the levels of blood lipids and the development and progression of endometriosis (EM). However, the causality and direction of this correlation is unclear. This study aimed to examine the bidirectional connection between lipid profiles and the risk of EM using publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. METHODS Eligible exposure variables such as levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were selected using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis method following a series of quality control procedures. Data on EM were obtained from the publicly available Finnish database of European patients. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, and weighted mode methods were used to analyze the causal relationship between lipid exposure and EM, exclude confounders, perform sensitivity analyses, and assess the stability of the results. Reverse MR analyses were performed with EM as exposure and lipid results as study outcomes. RESULTS IVW analysis results identified HDL as a protective factor for EM, while TG was shown to be a risk factor for EM. Subgroup analyses based on the site of the EM lesion identified HDL as a protective factor for EM of the uterus, while TG was identified a risk factor for the EM of the fallopian tube, ovary, and pelvic peritoneum. Reverse analysis did not reveal any effect of EM on the levels of lipids. CONCLUSION Blood lipids, such as HDL and TG, may play an important role in the development and progression of EM. However, EM does not lead to dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenna Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, No.18, Daoshan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chunxian Zhan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, No.18, Daoshan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Linghua Liao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, No.18, Daoshan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Ye Luo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, No.18, Daoshan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shunhe Lin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, No.18, Daoshan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Shihan Yan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics , Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, No.18, Daoshan Road, Gulou District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, China
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4
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Li J, Qi HN, Gong P, Wang YY, Xiao QM, Wang P, Wang WZ. Prognostic value of systemic immune-inflammation index and monocyte-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio in early cardio-cerebral complications in elderly patients with acute severe carbon monoxide poisoning. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:381-385. [PMID: 38213233 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2024.2301938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
To investigate how effectively systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and Monocyte-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (MHR) predict the development of early cardio-cerebral complications in elderly patients who have experienced acute severe carbon monoxide poisoning (ASCMP). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 77 elderly patients with ASCMP admitted to the emergency department of Harrison International Peace Hospital from November 2020 to March 2022. The prevalence of early-onset complications among the 77 individuals was 38.96%. Binary Logistics regression analysis showed that SII and MHR were independent influencing factors of early cardio-cerebral complications in elderly patients with ASCMP. The complication group had a longer length of stay, a greater mortality rate, and a higher incidence of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning (p < .05) than the non-complication group. The area under the curve (AUC) of SII and MHR in predicting early cardio-cerebral complications in elderly patients with ASCMP were 0.724 and 0.796, respectively, with 80.0% and 63.3% sensitivity, and 61.7% and 87.2% specificity. The incidence of early cardio-cerebral complications in elderly patients who had ASCMP is high and the prognosis is poor. SII and MHR can be utilized as independent predictors of early cardio-cerebral complications in elderly patients with ASCMP, allowing doctors to diagnose and treat cardio-cerebral complications earlier and improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Emergency, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Hong-Na Qi
- Department of Emergency, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Emergency, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Emergency, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Qing-Mian Xiao
- Department of Emergency, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Emergency, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
| | - Wei-Zhan Wang
- Department of Emergency, Harrison International Peace Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, China
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5
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Bulnes JF, González L, Velásquez L, Orellana MP, Venturelli PM, Martínez G. Role of inflammation and evidence for the use of colchicine in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1356023. [PMID: 38993522 PMCID: PMC11236697 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1356023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) significantly contributes to cardiovascular death worldwide. ACS may arise from the disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque, ultimately leading to acute ischemia and myocardial infarction. In the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, inflammation assumes a pivotal role, not solely in the initiation and complications of atherosclerotic plaque formation, but also in the myocardial response to ischemic insult. Acute inflammatory processes, coupled with time to reperfusion, orchestrate ischemic and reperfusion injuries, dictating infarct magnitude and acute left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Conversely, chronic inflammation, alongside neurohumoral activation, governs persistent LV remodeling. The interplay between chronic LV remodeling and recurrent ischemic episodes delineates the progression of the disease toward heart failure and cardiovascular death. Colchicine exerts anti-inflammatory properties affecting both the myocardium and atherosclerotic plaque by modulating the activity of monocyte/macrophages, neutrophils, and platelets. This modulation can potentially result in a more favorable LV remodeling and forestalls the recurrence of ACS. This narrative review aims to delineate the role of inflammation across the different phases of ACS pathophysiology and describe the mechanistic underpinnings of colchicine, exploring its purported role in modulating each of these stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Bulnes
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leticia González
- Centro de Imágenes Biomédicas, Departamento de Radiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Velásquez
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Paz Orellana
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Muñoz Venturelli
- Centro de Estudios Clínicos, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Martínez
- División de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Heart Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Povsic TJ, Korjian S, Bahit MC, Chi G, Duffy D, Alexander JH, Vinereanu D, Tricoci P, Mears SJ, Deckelbaum LI, Bonaca M, Ridker PM, Goodman SG, Cornel JH, Lewis BS, Parkhomenko A, Lopes RD, Aylward P, Lincoff AM, Heise M, Sacks F, Nicolau JC, Merkely B, Trebacz J, Libby P, Nicholls SJ, Pocock S, Bhatt DL, Kastelein J, Bode C, Mahaffey KW, Steg PG, Tendera M, Bainey KR, Harrington RA, Mehran R, Duerschmied D, Kingwell BA, Gibson CM. Effect of Reconstituted Human Apolipoprotein A-I on Recurrent Ischemic Events in Survivors of Acute MI. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:2163-2174. [PMID: 38588930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.03.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The AEGIS-II trial hypothesized that CSL112, an intravenous formulation of human apoA-I, would lower the risk of plaque disruption, decreasing the risk of recurrent events such as myocardial infarction (MI) among high-risk patients with MI. OBJECTIVES This exploratory analysis evaluates the effect of CSL112 therapy on the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) death and recurrent MI. METHODS The AEGIS-II trial was an international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that randomized 18,219 high-risk acute MI patients to 4 weekly infusions of apoA-I (6 g CSL112) or placebo. RESULTS The incidence of the composite of CV death and type 1 MI was 11% to 16% lower in the CSL112 group over the study period (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.7-1.0; P = 0.056 at day 90; HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.74-0.99; P = 0.048 at day 180; and HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.79-1.01; P = 0.07 at day 365). Similarly, the incidence of CV death or any MI was numerically lower in CSL112-treated patients throughout the follow-up period (HR: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.80-1.05 at day 90, HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.79-0.996 at day 180, HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.83-1.01 at day 365). The effect of CSL112 treatment on MI was predominantly observed for type 1 MI and type 4b (MI due to stent thrombosis). CONCLUSIONS Although CSL112 did not significantly reduce the occurrence of the primary study endpoints, patients treated with CSL112 infusions had numerically lower rates of CV death and MI, type-1 MI, and stent thrombosis-related MI compared with placebo. These findings could suggest a role of apoA-I in reducing subsequent plaque disruption events via enhanced cholesterol efflux. Further prospective data would be needed to confirm these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Povsic
- Duke Clinical Research Institute/Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Serge Korjian
- PERFUSE Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Gerald Chi
- PERFUSE Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - John H Alexander
- Duke Clinical Research Institute/Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dragos Vinereanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, University and Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | | | - Marc Bonaca
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shaun G Goodman
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jan H Cornel
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen and Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - Basil S Lewis
- Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center and the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Renato D Lopes
- Duke Clinical Research Institute/Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Philip Aylward
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute/SAHMRI, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - A Michael Lincoff
- Cleveland Clinic Coordinating Center for Clinical Research, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark Heise
- CSL Behring, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Frank Sacks
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jose C Nicolau
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bela Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jaroslaw Trebacz
- Krakowski Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Jana Pawła II, Kraków, Poland
| | - Peter Libby
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen J Nicholls
- Victorian Heart Hospital, Monash Heart and Intensive Care, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart Pocock
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deepak L Bhatt
- Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - John Kastelein
- Academic Medical Centre/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kenneth W Mahaffey
- Stanford Center for Clinical Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - P Gabriel Steg
- Universite Paris-Cité, INSERM 1148, FACT, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
| | - Michal Tendera
- Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Disease, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Kevin R Bainey
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Cardiology, Angiology, Haemostaseology, and Medical Intensive Care, Medical Centre Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - C Michael Gibson
- PERFUSE Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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7
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Lou Z, Huang Y, Lan Y, Li C, Chu K, Chen P, Xu W, Ma L, Zhou J. Relationship between years since menopause and lipid variation in postmenopausal women: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32684. [PMID: 36637918 PMCID: PMC9839288 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid alteration in postmenopausal women is commonly due to hormonal changes. This study aimed to explore the association between the years since menopause and lipid profiles in postmenopausal women. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1033 postmenopausal women were recruited from the Women's Hospital of Zhejiang University in China between 2015 and 2022. Each participant was interviewed using questionnaires regarding sociodemographic and reproductive data. Anthropometric measurements, lipid profiles, and reproductive hormone levels were assessed. Participants were divided into 3 groups based on the length of time since menopause: 2, 2 to 5.9, and 6 years. Differences in lipid profiles and reproductive hormones among the groups were compared. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between years after menopause and lipid profile. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and luteinizing hormone levels were significantly lower in postmenopausal women with time since menopause of ≥6 years than those <2 years (P < .05), whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher (P < .05). A longer time after menopause was independently associated with lower HDL-C levels (β, -0.059, standard error, 0.023, P = .01) after adjustment for age, body mass index, and other confounders. Compared to women who had menopause for <2 years, those who were postmenopausal for >6 years had lower HDL-C levels after adjustment for age, body mass index, and other covariates (β, -0.123, 95% confidence interval, [-0.221, -0.014], P = .014). Longer time since menopause was associated with an atherogenic lipid profile with appreciably low levels of HDL-C subfraction. Future multicenter studies are necessary to examine postmenopausal population and determine how differences in lipids influence the risk of cardiovascular disease in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibing Lan
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunming Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ketan Chu
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peiqiong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxian Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linjuan Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- * Correspondence: Jianhong Zhou, Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 1 Xueshi Rd, Hangzhou 310006, People’s Republic of China (e-mail: )
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8
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The IL-1 Family and Its Role in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010017. [PMID: 36613465 PMCID: PMC9820551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-1 superfamily of cytokines is a central regulator of immunity and inflammation. The family is composed of 11 cytokines (with agonist, antagonist, and anti-inflammatory properties) and 10 receptors, all tightly regulated through decoy receptor, receptor antagonists, and signaling inhibitors. Inflammation not only is an important physiological response against infection and injury but also plays a central role in atherosclerosis development. Several clinical association studies along with experimental studies have implicated the IL-1 superfamily of cytokines and its receptors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Here, we summarize the key features of the IL-1 family, its role in immunity and disease, and how it helps shape the development of atherosclerosis.
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9
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Torosyan N, Visrodia P, Torbati T, Minissian MB, Shufelt CL. Dyslipidemia in midlife women: Approach and considerations during the menopausal transition. Maturitas 2022; 166:14-20. [PMID: 36027726 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women globally. The incidence of dyslipidemia increases over a woman's lifespan, with adverse changes around the time of menopause. Menopause, and the years leading up to the final menstrual period, is a time of estrogen fluctuation and ultimately estrogen deficiency, which has been associated with proatherogenic changes in the lipid profile. Independent of aging, menopausal status is associated with elevations in serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apolipoproteins, and triglycerides, and decreases in HDL cholesterol (HDL-C). Emerging research also suggests that after menopause there is a loss of functional HDL cardioprotective properties. Early initiation of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) confers a favorable effect on lipid profile, though this does not translate into improved CVD outcomes and therefore guidelines do not indicate it for primary or secondary prevention of CVD. At the time of menopause, special consideration should be given to women with conditions more associated with CVD, including polycystic ovarian syndrome, premature menopause, early menopause, premature ovarian insufficiency, and familial hypercholesterolemia. Statins remain the mainstay of dyslipidemia therapy, though novel lipid-lowering agents are emerging. This review provides an overview of lipid alterations observed during the menopausal transition, summarizes the current evidence on the role of estrogen and progestogen on lipids, identifies special populations of women at especially high risk for lipid dysregulation at menopause, and describes approaches to the screening and treatment of midlife women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nare Torosyan
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Parth Visrodia
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tina Torbati
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Margo B Minissian
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Geri and Richard Brawerman Nursing Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chrisandra L Shufelt
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Cedars-Sinai Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Women's Health Research Center and Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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10
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Iatan I, Choi HY, Genest J. High-Density Lipoprotein and Cardiovascular Disease-Where do We Stand? Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2022; 51:557-572. [PMID: 35963628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Decades of research have shown that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in humans are associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This association is strong and coherent across populations and remains after the elimination of covariates. Animal studies show that increasing HDL particles prevent atherosclerosis, and basic work on the biology of HDL supports a strong biological plausibility for a therapeutic target. This enthusiasm is dampened by Mendelian randomization data showing that HDL-C may not be causal in ASCVD. Furthermore, drugs that increase HDL-C have largely failed to prevent or treat ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Iatan
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Bloc E, EM12212, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Hong Y Choi
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Bloc E, EM12212, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jacques Genest
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Bloc E, EM12212, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada.
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11
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Garrido-Torres N, Ruiz-Veguilla M, Alameda L, Canal-Rivero M, Ruiz MJ, Gómez-Revuelta M, Ayesa-Arriola R, Rubio-García A, Crespo-Facorro B, Vázquez-Bourgon J. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in a large sample of antipsychotic naïve patients with first-episode psychosis: Baseline results from the PAFIP cohort. Schizophr Res 2022; 246:277-285. [PMID: 35878542 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few investigations have been carried out on metabolic syndrome in antipsychotic- naïve patients with schizophrenia. METHODS Our primary objective was to compare the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III in 2001 (NCEP-ATP III), between a Spanish cohort of 303 drug-naïve patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) without any previous cardiovascular condition, and 153 healthy individuals. RESULTS Participants included 303 patients with FEP (M:F 53:46) and 153 control subjects (M:F 56:43). The mean and standard deviation ages were 31(9.38) and 29 (7.57) years in the study and control groups respectively (F = 4.09; p = 0.93). We found that the prevalence of MetS in drug-naïve patients with FEP (5.6 %) was similar to the prevalence of MetS in age-sex matched controls (5.12 %). However, 60.7 % of patients with FEP met at least one of the five MetS components, while among the control subjects only 36.5 % met at least one component. Additionally, we found that other factors not included among the operational definition of MetS, but still important in cardiovascular risk, were also altered. CONCLUSION FEP patients have a greater risk of presenting at least one altered MetS component than healthy controls which could indicate the need of development of screening methods detecting cardiovascular risk. Likewise, gender differences in metabolic components such as waist circumference, which is a predictor of cardiovascular events have been found. Similarly, research should focus on metabolic risk predictors that include not only MetS, but also specific parameters for the early psychosis population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia Garrido-Torres
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health, Carlos III Institute (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Veguilla
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health, Carlos III Institute (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Alameda
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health, Carlos III Institute (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Service of General Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne 1008, Switzerland; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Manuel Canal-Rivero
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health, Carlos III Institute (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - María Juncal Ruiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Sierrallana Hospital-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Torrelavega, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Marcos Gómez-Revuelta
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health, Carlos III Institute (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | - Ana Rubio-García
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Mental Health Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain; Translational Psychiatry Group, Seville Biomedical Research Institute (IBiS), Seville, Spain; Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health, Carlos III Institute (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Javier Vázquez-Bourgon
- Spanish Network for Research in Mental Health, Carlos III Institute (CIBERSAM, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
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12
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Nuñez E, Orera I, Carmona-Rodríguez L, Paño JR, Vázquez J, Corrales FJ. Mapping the Serum Proteome of COVID-19 Patients; Guidance for Severity Assessment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071690. [PMID: 35884998 PMCID: PMC9313396 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), whose outbreak in 2019 led to an ongoing pandemic with devastating consequences for the global economy and human health. According to the World Health Organization, COVID-19 has affected more than 481 million people worldwide, with 6 million confirmed deaths. The joint efforts of the scientific community have undoubtedly increased the pace of production of COVID-19 vaccines, but there is still so much uncharted ground to cover regarding the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, replication and host response. These issues can be approached by proteomics with unprecedented capacity paving the way for the development of more efficient strategies for patient care. In this study, we present a deep proteome analysis that has been performed on a cohort of 72 COVID-19 patients aiming to identify serum proteins assessing the dynamics of the disease at different age ranges. A panel of 53 proteins that participate in several functions such as acute-phase response and inflammation, blood coagulation, cell adhesion, complement cascade, endocytosis, immune response, oxidative stress and tissue injury, have been correlated with patient severity, suggesting a molecular basis for their clinical stratification. Eighteen protein candidates were further validated by targeted proteomics in an independent cohort of 84 patients including a group of individuals that had satisfactorily resolved SARS-CoV-2 infection. Remarkably, all protein alterations were normalized 100 days after leaving the hospital, which further supports the reliability of the selected proteins as hallmarks of COVID-19 progression and grading. The optimized protein panel may prove its value for optimal severity assessment as well as in the follow up of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Nuñez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Orera
- Proteomics Research Core Facility, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | | | - José Ramón Paño
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario, IIS Aragón, Ciberinfec, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.V.); (F.J.C.)
| | - Fernando J. Corrales
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: (J.V.); (F.J.C.)
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13
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The profile of HDL-C subfractions and their association with cardiovascular risk in the Hungarian general and Roma populations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10915. [PMID: 35764677 PMCID: PMC9240088 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is not a homogenous lipid fraction, but it can be further divided into subfractions. It is well-known that the Roma population has a high prevalence of reduced HDL-C levels and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, it is unknown how this reduction affects different HDL subfractions, and whether changes in their quantity/representation are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk among them. In the present study, the HDL subfraction profile of the Hungarian general (HG) and the Roma populations were compared, and the subfractions showing a significant difference between the two populations were identified. The association of HDL subfractions with CVD risk estimated by the Framingham risk score (FRS) and the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithms were also defined. The present study is the first to find a significant association between HDL subfractions and cardiovascular risk estimated by FRS and SCORE. Ten HDL subfractions were investigated on small but carefully selected samples comprising 100 control subjects (with normal lipid profile) and 277 case subjects (with reduced HDL-C levels) from HG and Roma populations of a complex health survey. The level of HDL-1 to 3 subfractions and HDL-L showed a significant inverse association with cardiovascular risk estimated by both SCORE and FRS algorithms, whereas HDL-4 to 6 and HDL-I only for FRS. A higher representation (in %) of HDL-1 to 3 has a significant risk-reducing effect, while HDL-8 to 10 has a risk-increasing effect estimated by FRS. Our results confirmed that reduced levels of HDL-6 and -7 expressed in mmol/L were significantly associated with Roma ethnicity.
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14
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Toprak K. Atherogenic Index of Plasma is an Independent Risk Factor for Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Patients With Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Angiology 2022; 74:427-434. [PMID: 35750499 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221110723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) in predicting contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention due to non-ST elevated myocardial infarction. Of these, 1644 patients were included in the study. Retrospective data of patients were obtained from hospital records. For the diagnosis of CIN, peri-procedural patient records were scanned. There was a significant difference between age, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, albumin, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, number of stenotic vessels, creatinine increase rate, baseline creatinine, hemoglobin, hematocrit, AIP, and two groups (CIN- and CIN+) (P < .05, for all). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, AIP was an independent predictor of CIN (odds ratio: 20.352, 95% CI: 12.696-32.624, P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that AIP values of ≥.62 could predict CIN with a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 58% for predicting CIN (area under curve = .710, P < .001). Atherogenic index of plasma may be helpful as a biomarker to predict CIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Toprak
- Department of Cardiology, Siverek State Hospital, Sanliurfa 63600, Turkey
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15
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Sanllorente A, Castañer O, Lassale C, Almanza-Aguilera E, Elosua R, Vila J, Soldado M, Blanchart G, Muñoz-Aguayo D, Subirana I, Marrugat J, Hernáez Á, Fitó M. High-density lipoprotein functional traits and coronary artery disease in a general population: a case-cohort study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022; 29:e47-e49. [PMID: 33624097 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwaa149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Sanllorente
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- PhD Program in Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Camille Lassale
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Almanza-Aguilera
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Research Group, (Center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Joan Vila
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Research Group, (Center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Soldado
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Blanchart
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Muñoz-Aguayo
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaac Subirana
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Research Group, (Center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaume Marrugat
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Research Group, (Center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Hernáez
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging Research Unit, (center: August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, (center: Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute-IMIM), Carrer Mallorca 183, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carrer Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Van De Maele K, Devlieger R, De Schepper J, Gies I. Endothelial function and its determinants in children born after maternal bariatric surgery. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:699-704. [PMID: 33837256 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children born from mothers who underwent bariatric surgery were found to have an improved lipid profile and lower CRP levels compared to siblings born before surgery. We hypothesized that surgery before pregnancy might also influence endothelial function in the offspring. METHODS Blood sample analysis, blood pressure (BP) measurement, and peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) were performed in 142 children (median age 10.5 years), either born from mothers who underwent bariatric surgery (BS) before pregnancy (n = 36) from mothers with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) (n = 71) or from normal weight (NW) mothers (n = 35), allowing the determination of the Reactive Hyperemia Index (RHI) in 111 children. RESULTS Children of the BS group had a higher diastolic blood pressure SDS and a lower RHI compared to the children of the OW/OB and NW group (1.32 versus 1.37 in OW/OB and 1.70 in NW; p = 0.004). After log transformation and correction for age, weight SDS, BMI SDS, body fat percentage, and diastolic BP SDS, RHI was comparable between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Children of mothers who underwent bariatric surgery before pregnancy do not have a disturbed endothelial function before puberty, when their increased diastolic BP and degree of adiposity is taken into account. IMPACT Children born after maternal bariatric surgery have a higher diastolic blood pressure without impaired endothelial function. To our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the vascular function of children based on maternal characteristics during pregnancy. Adult offspring of mothers with obesity during pregnancy have an increased cardiovascular mortality. Since we cannot demonstrate a childhood-onset primary vascular dysfunction, this cardiovascular vulnerability might be more related to the hypertension and body adiposity. Thus, more emphasis should be made on the prevention of obesity and hypertension in the offspring at risk for development of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolien Van De Maele
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brussels, Jette, Belgium. .,Research unit Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,Research unit GRON, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium.
| | - Roland Devlieger
- Research unit Organ Systems, Department of Development and Regeneration, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean De Schepper
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brussels, Jette, Belgium
| | - Inge Gies
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brussels, Jette, Belgium.,Research unit GRON, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Jette, Belgium
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17
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Jones PR, Rajalahti T, Resaland GK, Aadland E, Steene-Johannessen J, Anderssen SA, Bathen TF, Andreassen T, Kvalheim OM, Ekelund U. Associations of lipoprotein particle profile and objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in schoolchildren: a prospective cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:5. [PMID: 35062967 PMCID: PMC8781389 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Our understanding of the mechanisms through which physical activity might benefit lipoprotein metabolism is inadequate. Here we characterise the continuous associations between physical activity of different intensities, sedentary time, and a comprehensive lipoprotein particle profile.
Methods
Our cohort included 762 fifth grade (mean [SD] age = 10.0 [0.3] y) Norwegian schoolchildren (49.6% girls) measured on two separate occasions across one school year. We used targeted proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy to produce 57 lipoprotein measures from fasted blood serum samples. The children wore accelerometers for seven consecutive days to record time spent in light-, moderate-, and vigorous-intensity physical activity, and sedentary time. We used separate multivariable linear regression models to analyse associations between the device-measured activity variables—modelled both prospectively (baseline value) and as change scores (follow-up minus baseline value)—and each lipoprotein measure at follow-up.
Results
Higher baseline levels of moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity physical activity were associated with a favourable lipoprotein particle profile at follow-up. The strongest associations were with the larger subclasses of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Sedentary time was associated with an unfavourable lipoprotein particle profile, the pattern of associations being the inverse of those in the moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity physical activity analyses. The associations with light-intensity physical activity were more modest; those of the change models were weak.
Conclusion
We provide evidence of a prospective association between time spent active or sedentary and lipoprotein metabolism in schoolchildren. Change in activity levels across the school year is of limited influence in our young, healthy cohort.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, #NCT02132494. Registered 7th April 2014
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18
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Sanllorente A, Soria-Florido MT, Castañer O, Lassale C, Salas-Salvadó J, Martínez-González MÁ, Subirana I, Ros E, Corella D, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Hernáez Á, Fitó M. A lifestyle intervention with an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and physical activity enhances HDL function: a substudy of the PREDIMED-Plus randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1666-1674. [PMID: 34582548 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of a Mediterranean diet, adequate levels of physical activity, and energy-restricted lifestyle interventions have been individually associated with improvements in HDL functions. Evidence of intensive interventions with calorie restriction and physical activity is, however, scarce. OBJECTIVES To determine whether an intensive lifestyle intervention with an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity enhanced HDL function compared to a non-hypocaloric Mediterranean eating pattern without physical activity. METHODS In 391 older adults with metabolic syndrome (mean age, 65 years; mean BMI, 33.3 kg/m2) from 1 of the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea-Plus trial centers, we evaluated the impact of a 6-month intervention with an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity (intensive lifestyle; n = 190) relative to a nonrestrictive Mediterranean diet without physical activity (control; n = 201) on a set of HDL functional traits. These included cholesterol efflux capacity, HDL oxidative/inflammatory index, HDL oxidation, and levels of complement component 3, serum amyloid A, sphingosine-1-phosphate, triglycerides, and apolipoproteins A-I, A-IV, C-III, and E in apoB-depleted plasma. RESULTS The intensive-lifestyle intervention participants displayed greater 6-month weight reductions (-3.83 kg; 95% CI: -4.57 to -3.09 kg) but no changes in HDL cholesterol compared with control-diet participants. Regarding HDL functional traits, the intensive lifestyle decreased triglyceride levels (-0.15 mg/g protein; 95% CI: -0.29 to -0.014 mg/g protein) and apoC-III (-0.11 mg/g protein; 95% CI: -0.18 to -0.026 mg/g protein) compared to the control diet, with weight loss being the essential mediator (proportions of mediation were 77.4% and 72.1% for triglycerides and apoC-III levels in HDL, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In older adults with metabolic syndrome, an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet plus physical activity improved the HDL triglyceride metabolism compared with a nonrestrictive Mediterranean diet without physical activity. This trial is registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Sanllorente
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,PhD Program in Biomedicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Olga Castañer
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Camille Lassale
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Departament de Bioquimica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Pere Virgili, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isaac Subirana
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Álvaro Hernáez
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red (CIBER), M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Maki KC, Dicklin MR, Kirkpatrick CF. Saturated fats and cardiovascular health: Current evidence and controversies. J Clin Lipidol 2021; 15:765-772. [PMID: 34649831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2021.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A diet high in saturated fatty acids (SFA) is a suspected contributor to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, in large part because of an effect to raise the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration. Most dietary guidance from health authorities advocates limiting intake of SFA, particularly for people with clinical ASCVD, dyslipidemia, or diabetes mellitus. However, recent reviews have highlighted controversies regarding SFA intake and cardiovascular health. This brief editorial commentary includes a discussion of the evidence regarding SFA intake and cardiovascular health, outlines gaps in the available evidence, and proposes tentative conclusions based on what is known today about SFA consumption and ASCVD risk. Results from observational studies demonstrate that dietary patterns with lower average intakes of SFA are associated with favorable cardiovascular outcomes. Additionally, although the number of randomized controlled trials testing the effects of reducing SFA intake on ASCVD outcomes is limited, the available evidence supports the view that replacing SFA with unsaturated fatty acids, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids, may reduce ASCVD risk. Beyond raising LDL-C and atherogenic lipoprotein particle concentrations, higher intakes of SFA may influence pathways affecting inflammation, cardiac rhythm, hemostasis, apolipoprotein CIII production, and high-density lipoprotein function. However, the impacts of these effects on ASCVD risk remain uncertain. In the authors' view, the totality of the evidence supports the current recommendation to limit SFA intake to <10% of total daily energy for the general healthy population and further (e.g., to 5-6% of total daily energy) for patients with hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Maki
- Indiana University, Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, 1025 East 7th Street, Suite 111, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA; Midwest Biomedical Research, 211 East Lake Street, Suite 3, Addison, IL 60101, USA.
| | - Mary R Dicklin
- Midwest Biomedical Research, 211 East Lake Street, Suite 3, Addison, IL 60101, USA.
| | - Carol F Kirkpatrick
- Kasiska Division of Health Sciences, Idaho State University, 921 South 8th Avenue, Pocatello, ID 83209, USA.
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20
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STONER L, MEYER ML, KUCHARSKA-NEWTON A, STONE K, ZIEFF G, DAVE G, FRYER S, CREDEUR D, FAULKNER J, MATSUSHITA K, HUGHES TM, TANAKA H. Associations between carotid-femoral and heart-femoral pulse wave velocity in older adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities study. J Hypertens 2020; 38:1786-1793. [PMID: 32371771 PMCID: PMC7415670 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) is widely used in epidemiological studies to assess central arterial stiffness. However, despite being superior to traditional risk factors in predicting cardiovascular outcomes, cfPWV is not routinely used in clinical practice. cfPWV assessments require applanation of the carotid artery, which can be cumbersome, and individual-level factors, including carotid artery plaque, may confound the measurements. Heart-femoral PWV (hfPWV) may be a suitable alternative measure of central arterial stiffness. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to estimate the strength of the agreement between hfPWV and cfPWV. METHODS We evaluated 4133 older-aged [75.2 (5.0) years] African-American and white adults in the community-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. cfPWV and hfPWV were measured using an automated cardiovascular screening device. Agreement between the two measurements was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), standard error of estimate (SEE) and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS There was a strong (r > 0.7) agreement between hfPWV and cfPWV (r = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.82-0.84). Although the mean cfPWV [11.5 m/s (SD: 3.0)] and hfPWV [11.5 m/s (SD: 2.3)] were comparable, the SEE was 1.7 m/s. Inspection of the Bland-Altman plot revealed greater variability and bias for higher PWV values, with higher PWV further away from the regression line. DISCUSSION Findings suggest good agreement between hfPWV and cfPWV. hfPWV is a simpler alternative to cfPWV that is less likely to be confounded by individual-level factors. Considering the greater variability for higher PWV values, further work is warranted to determine the importance of local artery mechanics to both measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee STONER
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michelle L MEYER
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Anna KUCHARSKA-NEWTON
- Department of Epidemiology, The Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Keeron STONE
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, UK
| | - Gabriel ZIEFF
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gaurav DAVE
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Simon FRYER
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, UK
| | - Daniel CREDEUR
- School of Kinesiology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - James FAULKNER
- Department of Sport & Exercise, University of Winchester, Winchester, UK
| | - Kunihiro MATSUSHITA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Timothy M. HUGHES
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hirofumi TANAKA
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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21
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Magno AL, Herat LY, Kiuchi MG, Schlaich MP, Ward NC, Matthews VB. The Influence of Hypertensive Therapies on Circulating Factors: Clinical Implications for SCFAs, FGF21, TNFSF14 and TNF-α. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092764. [PMID: 32858953 PMCID: PMC7576485 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studying the role of circulatory factors in the pathogenesis of diseases has been key to the development of effective therapies. We sought to examine the effect of antihypertensive therapies on numerous circulatory factors including short chain fatty acids and growth factors in a human cohort. A subset of participants from an earlier study was characterized by their hypertensive and/or treatment status and separated into three groups: (i) normotensives; (ii) untreated hypertensive and (iii) treated hypertensive subjects. Circulating levels of short chain fatty acids, FGF21 and TNF superfamily members were measured as part of this study. Both F2-isoprostane and circulating lipid levels were reanalysed as part of this current study. We found that antihypertensive treatment increased butyrate levels and decreased acetate levels to levels similar to normotensives. We also found that antihypertensive treatments reduced levels of circulating FGF21, TNFSF14 and TNF-α. In conclusion, we identified several circulatory factors that are altered in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron L. Magno
- Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia;
| | - Lakshini Y. Herat
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Science—Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Márcio G. Kiuchi
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Medicine—Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (M.G.K.); (M.P.S.)
| | - Markus P. Schlaich
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Medicine—Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (M.G.K.); (M.P.S.)
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Nephrology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Natalie C. Ward
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia;
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Vance B. Matthews
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Science—Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-8-9224-0239
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22
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Ortega-Rodríguez AC, Marín-Jáuregui LS, Martínez-Shio E, Hernández Castro B, González-Amaro R, Escobedo-Uribe CD, Monsiváis-Urenda AE. Altered NK cell receptor repertoire and function of natural killer cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction: A three-month follow-up study. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151909. [PMID: 32051096 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.151909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
NK cells are important in the onset of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by their ability to secrete IFN-γ and other inflammatory cytokines. They also participate in regulating pathological cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. Mechanisms of regulation, however, are incompletely understood. Herein, the aim of this study is to explore the possible association between the expression pattern of different NK cell receptors (phenotype), as well as the cytotoxic function of NK cells from AMI patients with their myocardial function after three months follow-up. We analyzed the phenotype and function of both CD56dimCD16+ and CD56brightCD16- NK cells from twenty-one patients within the first 72 h after ST-elevation AMI and three-month follow-up, as well as fifteen healthy controls. Clinical characteristics and ventricular function determined by echocardiography were also evaluated. NK cells from AMI patients showed an activated phenotype, characterized by high TNF-α production and low percentages of the activating receptor NKG2D. Interestingly, AMI patients display higher levels of circulating IL-10+ NK cells. Three-month follow-up showed that NK cells exhibit a diminished cytotoxic function. These data show that NK cells may have a role mediating myocardial remodeling by regulating the inflammatory response, mainly by the production of IL-10. We also propose that NKG2D may have a role in the onset of the inflammatory response immediately after AMI. The precise regulation of NK cells function may represent an important step in recovery of myocardial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Celeste Ortega-Rodríguez
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Laura Sherell Marín-Jáuregui
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Elena Martínez-Shio
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Berenice Hernández Castro
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Roberto González-Amaro
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Adriana E Monsiváis-Urenda
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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23
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Advances in HDL: Much More than Lipid Transporters. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030732. [PMID: 31979129 PMCID: PMC7037660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) particles, beyond serving as lipid transporters and playing a key role in reverse cholesterol transport, carry a highly variable number of proteins, micro-RNAs, vitamins, and hormones, which endow them with the ability to mediate a plethora of cellular and molecular mechanisms that promote cardiovascular health. It is becoming increasingly evident, however, that the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and co-morbidities alters HDLs cargo and protective functions. This concept has led to the notion that metrics other than HDL-cholesterol levels, such as HDL functionality and composition, may better capture HDL cardiovascular protection. On the other hand, the potential of HDL as natural delivery carriers has also fostered the design of engineered HDL-mimetics aiming to improve HDL efficacy or as drug-delivery agents with therapeutic potential. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the molecules known to be transported by HDL particles and mainly discuss their functions in the cardiovascular system. Second, we describe the impact of cardiovascular risk factors and co-morbidities on HDL remodeling. Finally, we review the currently developed HDL-based approaches.
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24
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Sirtori CR, Ruscica M, Calabresi L, Chiesa G, Giovannoni R, Badimon JJ. HDL therapy today: from atherosclerosis, to stent compatibility to heart failure. Ann Med 2019; 51:345-359. [PMID: 31729238 PMCID: PMC7877888 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2019.1694695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologically, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels have been inversely associated to cardiovascular (CV) events, although a Mendelian Randomisation Study had failed to establish a clear causal role. Numerous atheroprotective mechanisms have been attributed to HDL, the main being the ability to promote cholesterol efflux from arterial walls; anti-inflammatory effects related to HDL ligands such as S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate), resolvins and others have been recently identified. Experimental studies and early clinical investigations have indicated the potential of HDL to slow progression or induce regression of atherosclerosis. More recently, the availability of different HDL formulations, with different phospholipid moieties, has allowed to test other indications for HDL therapy. Positive reports have come from studies on coronary stent biocompatibility, where the use of HDL from different sources reduced arterial cell proliferation and thrombogenicity. The observation that low HDL-C levels may be associated with an enhanced risk of heart failure (HF) has also suggested that HDL therapy may be applied to this condition. HDL infusions or apoA-I gene transfer were able to reverse heart abnormalities, reduce diastolic resistance and improve cardiac metabolism. HDL therapy may be effective not only in atherosclerosis, but also in other conditions, of relevant impact on human health.Key messagesHigh-density lipoproteins have as a major activity that of removing excess cholesterol from tissues (particularly arteries).Knowledge on the activity of high-density lipoproteins on health have however significantly widened.HDL-therapy may help to improve stent biocompatibility and to reduce peripheral arterial resistance in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Sirtori
- Dyslipidemia Center, A.S.S.T. Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - M Ruscica
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - L Calabresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - G Chiesa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - R Giovannoni
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - J J Badimon
- Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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25
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Xu D, Lv Q, Wang X, Cui X, Zhao P, Yang X, Liu X, Yang W, Yang G, Wang G, Wang P, Wang Z, Li Z, Xing S. Hyperuricemia is associated with impaired intestinal permeability in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 317:G484-G492. [PMID: 31369290 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00151.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is associated with many metabolic diseases. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The gut microbiota has been demonstrated to play significant roles in the immunity and metabolism of the host. In the present study, we constructed a hyperuricemic mouse model to investigate whether the metabolic disorder caused by hyperuricemia is related to intestinal dysbiosis. A significantly increased intestinal permeability was detected in hyperuricemic mice. The difference in microflora between wild-type and hyperuricemic mice accompanies the translocation of gut microbiota to the extraintestinal tissues. Such a process is followed by an increase in innate immune system activation. We observed increased LPS and TNF-α levels in the hyperuricemic mice, indicating that hyperuricemic mice were in a state of low-grade systemic inflammation. In addition, hyperuricemic mice presented early injury of parenteral tissue and disordered lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that intestinal dysbiosis due to an impaired intestinal barrier may be the key cause of metabolic disorders in hyperuricemic mice. Our findings should aid in paving a new way of preventing and treating hyperuricemia and its complications.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Hyperuricemia is associated with many metabolic diseases. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. We constructed a hyperuricemic mouse model to explore the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and metabolic disorder caused by hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxing Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiulan Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuena Cui
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanpin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Chinese Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangtao Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengjun Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zenglan Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Xing
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Science, King's College London, United Kingdom
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