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Denche-Zamorano Á, Pisà-Canyelles J, Barrios-Fernández S, Castillo-Paredes A, Pastor-Cisneros R, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Salas Gómez D, Mendoza Holgado C. Evaluation of the association of physical activity levels with self-perceived health, depression, and anxiety in Spanish individuals with high cholesterol levels: a retrospective cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17169. [PMID: 39026536 PMCID: PMC11257045 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hypercholesterolemia is the most common form of dyslipidaemia in the world leading to negative health effects, both physical and mental. Physical activity (PA) can reduce total cholesterol and has positive effects on mental health. This retrospective cross-sectional study analyses the relationships between physical activity level (PAL), self-perceived health (SPH) and mental health. Methods This study was based on data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (SNHS 2017), with 3,176 Spanish adults with high cholesterol as participants. Non-parametric tests were used as the data did not follow normality. Results Dependent relationships were found between PAL and SPH, depression and anxiety. Women had higher depression and anxiety prevalences than men, while men were more likely to report being very active, although the proportion of walkers was higher in women. The physically inactive population presented higher negative SPH, depression and anxiety proportions and psychological distress than physically active people. Conclusion The physically inactive people had a higher risk of negative SPH, depression and anxiety. Regular PA may improve SPH and mental health in people with high cholesterol, but more studies are needed to establish causal relationships, mechanisms, and optimal doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jofre Pisà-Canyelles
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education Research Group (HEME), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Sabina Barrios-Fernández
- Occupation, Participation, Sustainability and Quality of Life (Ability Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Americas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Maria Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Evora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Diana Salas Gómez
- Escuelas Universitarias Gimbernat (EUG), Physiotherapy School Cantabria, Movement Analysis Laboratory, Universidad de Cantabria, Torrelavega, Spain
| | - Cristina Mendoza Holgado
- Occupation, Participation, Sustainability and Quality of Life (Ability Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Irandoust K, Daroudi R, Tajvar M, Yaseri M. Assessing health determinants worldwide: Econometric analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2000-18 - Highlighting impactful factors on DALY, YLL, and YLD indicators. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04051. [PMID: 38483443 PMCID: PMC10939113 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.14.04051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background As the health status of a population is influenced by a variety of health determinants, we sought to assess their impact on health outcomes, both at the global and regional levels. Methods This ecological study encompassed all 194 member countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) from 2000 to 2018. We first identified all health determinants and then retrieved the related data from various global databases. We additionally considered three indicators - disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLL), and years lived with disability (YLD) - in evaluating health outcomes; we extracted their data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. We then applied econometric analyses using a multilevel mixed-effects linear regression model. Results The analysis using the DALY indicator showed that the variables of sexually transmitted infections, injuries prevalence, and urbanisation had the highest effect size or regression coefficients (β) for health outcomes. The variables of sexually transmitted infection (β = 0.75, P < 0.001) in the African region; drinking water (β = -0.60, P < 0.001), alcohol use (β = 0.20, P < 0.001), and drug use (β = 0.05, P = 0.036) in the Americas region; urbanisation (β = -0.34, P < 0.001) in the Eastern Mediterranean region; current health expenditure (β = -0.21, P < 0.001) in the Europe region; injuries (β = 0.65, P < 0.001), air pollution (β = 0.29, P < 0.001), and obesity (β = 0.92, P < 0.001) in the South-East Asia region; and gross domestic product (β = -0.25, P < 0.001), education (β = -0.90, P < 0.001), and smoking (β = 0.28, P < 0.001) in the Western Pacific region had the most significant role in explaining global health outcomes. Except for the drug use variable in regional findings, the role of other variables in explaining the YLL indicator was greater than that of the YLD indicator. Conclusions To address global health disparities and optimise resource allocation, global and interregional policymakers should focus on determinants that had the highest β with health outcomes in each region compared to other regions. These determinants likely have a higher marginal health product, and investing in them is likely to be more cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Irandoust
- Department of Health Management, Policy, and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rajabali Daroudi
- Department of Health Management, Policy, and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Tajvar
- Department of Health Management, Policy, and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pérez-Jorge D, Martínez-Murciano MC, Contreras-Madrid AI, Alonso-Rodríguez I. The Relationship between Gamified Physical Exercise and Mental Health in Adolescence: An Example of Open Innovation in Gamified Learning. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:124. [PMID: 38255013 PMCID: PMC10815218 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Interest in gamified physical activity has been driven by its potential to benefit student mental health. Integrating gamified practices for mental health improvement represents a significant innovation within multidisciplinary approaches to enhancing mental well-being. This review follows the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and was conducted using the Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) databases, primary sources for education-related studies. Thirteen papers were analyzed, yielding important insights into the relationship between gamified physical activity and mental health. The findings indicate that gamified physical activity positively influences adolescents' mental health and well-being. Additionally, there is a need for improved application and game design to enhance learning within school contexts. Tailoring exergames to fit specific disciplines and school-related characteristics can promote healthier mobile application usage and offer significant benefits for the mental health of young individuals. The difference between this study and previous ones is that it focuses on mobile applications for encouraging active living to improve quality of life and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pérez-Jorge
- Department of Didactics and Educational Research, Faculty of Education, University of La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (M.C.M.-M.); (I.A.-R.)
| | - María Carmen Martínez-Murciano
- Department of Didactics and Educational Research, Faculty of Education, University of La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (M.C.M.-M.); (I.A.-R.)
| | - Ana Isabel Contreras-Madrid
- Clinical Practice Unit, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa Canarias, 35450 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain;
| | - Isabel Alonso-Rodríguez
- Department of Didactics and Educational Research, Faculty of Education, University of La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain; (M.C.M.-M.); (I.A.-R.)
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Hussenoeder FS, Conrad I, Pabst A, Engel C, Zachariae S, Zeynalova S, Glaesmer H, Hinz A, Witte V, Schomerus G, Löffler M, Villringer A, Sander C, Riedel-Heller SG. Physical activity and mental health: the connection between step count and depression, anxiety and quality of sleep. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:2419-2429. [PMID: 36529963 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2159453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
While there are studies connecting everyday physical activity (PA) to mental health, they mostly use self-report measures for PA which are biased in multiple ways. Nevertheless, a realistic assessment of everyday PA is important for the development and implementation of low-threshold public health interventions. Therefore, we want to analyze the relationship between objectively measured daily steps and mental health. We included 1451 subjects from a subsample of the population-based LIFE-Adult-Study (2011-2014) with an average age of 55.0 years, 52.1% were female. We analyzed the effects of PA (step count measured via SenseWear Pro 3) on depression (CES-D), anxiety (GAD-7), and quality of sleep (PSQI). The regression analysis showed a significant negative association between low to moderate PA [Incidence rate ratio: 0.87 (0.77; 0.98)] as well as high to very high PA [0.84 (0.74; 0.95)] and depression and no significant associations between PA and anxiety [l-m: 0.98 (0.81; 1.18)/h-vh: 1.00 (0.82; 1.21)] or quality of sleep [l-m: 0.94 (0.84, 1.06)/h-vh: 0.92 (0.82, 1.03)], controlling for sociodemographic variables and personality. Low-threshold interventions that increase daily step count could be a useful approach for the prevention of depression. The use of objective PA measurement for research is highly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix S Hussenoeder
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ines Conrad
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexander Pabst
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Engel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig Research Centre for Civilization Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silke Zachariae
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Samira Zeynalova
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Hinz
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Veronica Witte
- Department of Neurology, Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Schomerus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Löffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of Neurology, Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Sander
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Cortina J, Hardin S. The Geography of Mental Health, Urbanicity, and Affluence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085440. [PMID: 37107722 PMCID: PMC10138034 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Residential location has been shown to significantly impact mental health, with individuals in rural communities experiencing poorer mental health compared to those in urban areas. However, the influence of an individual's social group on the relationship between residential location and mental health outcomes remains unclear. This study disaggregates the rural-urban binary and investigates how geography and social groupings interact to shape mental health outcomes. Merging data from PLACES and Claritas PRIZM, we conducted a hotspot analysis, generated bivariate choropleth maps, and applied multiscale geographically weighted regressions to examine the spatial distribution of mental health and social groupings. Our findings reveal that mental health is influenced by complex interactions, with social groups playing a critical role. Our study highlights that not all rural and urban areas are alike, and the extent to which social groups influence mental health outcomes varies within and across these areas. These results underscore the need for policies that are tailored to meet the unique mental health needs of individuals from different social groups in specific geographic locations to inform policy interventions that more effectively address mental health disparities across diverse communities.
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Precht LM, Mertens F, Brickau DS, Kramm RJ, Margraf J, Stirnberg J, Brailovskaia J. Engaging in physical activity instead of (over)using the smartphone: An experimental investigation of lifestyle interventions to prevent problematic smartphone use and to promote mental health. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-19. [PMID: 36785655 PMCID: PMC9909154 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01832-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Aim Tendencies of problematic smartphone use (PSU) have risen during the past decade. As PSU is consistently linked to mental health issues, measures to prevent its appearance and to promote mental health are urgently required. Subject and Methods The present study investigated the impact of three interventions on health behavior, PSU, positive mental health (PMH), and depression and anxiety symptoms. Overall, 503 persons from Germany (M age = 29.19, SD age = 10.51, range: 18-79) participated in the study. Over 14 days, the three experimental groups (a) reduced their daily smartphone use time by 60 minutes, (b) increased their daily level of physical activity by 30 minutes, and (c) combined both measures. The control group continued its behavior as usual. Outcomes were assessed via online surveys at five measurement time points (baseline, intermediate, post-intervention, and 1 and 3 months after the intervention). Results All interventions resulted in a significant increase in weekly physical activity and in reduced symptoms of PSU, depression, and anxiety. Furthermore, the smartphone reduction and the combination of both measures contributed to a significant reduction of participants' daily smartphone use and higher levels of PMH. The effects of the reduction of smartphone use time and its combination with increased physical activity were more stable in the longer term than the increase in physical activity only. Conclusion Combined with an increase in physical activity, the reduction of smartphone use time could serve as an efficient and cost-effective measure for the prevention of PSU and the promotion of mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena-Marie Precht
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Franziska Mertens
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Debora S. Brickau
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Romy J. Kramm
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jürgen Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Stirnberg
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
| | - Julia Brailovskaia
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Massenbergstr. 9-13, 44787 Bochum, Germany
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Lin SY, Zhou W, Koch JR, Barnes AJ, Yang R, Xue H. The Association Between Tobacco Retailer Outlet Density and Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking in Virginia. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:36-42. [PMID: 35752162 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examine the association between tobacco retail outlet density and adult smoking prevalence at the county level in Virginia, controlling for spatial autocorrelations. AIMS AND METHODS Pooling data from 2020 County Health Rankings (compiled data from various sources including, but not limited to, the National Center for Health Statistics-Mortality Files, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and the American Community Survey) and Counter Tools, we conducted regression analyses that accounted for spatial autocorrelation (spatial lag models, LMlag) and adjusted for county-level access to healthcare, demographics, SES, environmental factors, risk conditions or behaviors, and population health measures. RESULTS Our estimates provide evidence that every increase of one tobacco retail outlet per 1000 persons was associated with 1.16 percentage points (95% CI: 0.80-1.52) higher smoking prevalence at the county level in Virginia after controlling for spatial autocorrelation. The effect of outlet density was largely explained by social determinants of health such as SES, risky conditions or behaviors, and environmental factors. We further noticed that the impact of social determinants of health were closely related and can be explained by indicators of population health (rates of mental distress (β = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.31-1.67) and physical inactivity (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04-0.10). CONCLUSIONS Although higher tobacco outlet density was associated with an increase in county-level smoking prevalence, the impact of outlet density was largely explained by social determinants of health and mental illness. Improving well-being at the community level could be a promising strategy in future tobacco control policies. IMPLICATION The influence of tobacco outlet density seems to be explained by other social determinants of health and population level of mental or physical health. Thus, efforts to reduce tobacco use and consequent negative health effects should explore the impact of improving regional living standards. However, a sole focus on economic growth may not be sufficient, whereas a focus on such things as promoting work-life balance and improving overall well-being at the community level may be more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Yu Lin
- Department of Health Administration and Policy, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Weiyu Zhou
- Department of Statistics, Volgenau School of Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - J Randy Koch
- Department of Psychology and the Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Andrew J Barnes
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Ruixin Yang
- Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science, College of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Hong Xue
- Department of Health Administration and Policy, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
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Blodgett JM, Birch JM, Musella M, Harkness F, Kaushal A. What Works to Improve Wellbeing? A Rapid Systematic Review of 223 Interventions Evaluated with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scales. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15845. [PMID: 36497919 PMCID: PMC9737992 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) is a commonly used scale of mental wellbeing focusing entirely on the positive aspect of mental health. It has been widely used in a broad range of clinical and research settings, including to evaluate if interventions, programmes or pilots improve wellbeing. We aimed to systematically review all interventions that used WEMWBS and evaluate which interventions are the most effective at improving wellbeing. METHODS Eligible populations included children and adults, with no health or age restrictions. Any intervention study was eligible if the wellbeing outcome was measured using the 7 or 14-item WEMWBS scale assessed both pre- and post-intervention. We identified eligible intervention studies using three approaches: a database search (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PyschInfo and Web of Science from January 2007 to present), grey literature search, and by issuing a call for evidence. Narrative synthesis and random-effects meta-analysis of standardised mean differences in the intervention group were used to summarise intervention effects on WEMWBS score. RESULTS We identified 223 interventions across 209 studies, with a total of 53,834 participants across all studies. Five main themes of interventions were synthesised: psychological (n = 80); social (n = 54); arts, culture and environment (n = 29); physical health promotion (n = 18); and other (n = 28). Psychological interventions based on resilience, wellbeing or self-management techniques had the strongest effect on wellbeing. A broad range of other interventions were effective at improving mental wellbeing, including other psychological interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy, psychoeducation and mindfulness. Medium to strong effects were also seen for person-centred support/advice (social), arts-based, parenting (social) and social prescribing interventions. However, a major limitation of the evidence was that only 75 (36%) of studies included a control group. CONCLUSIONS WEMWBS has been widely used to assess wellbeing across a diverse range of interventions, settings and samples. Despite substantial heterogeneity in individual intervention design, delivery and groups targeted, results indicate that a broad range of intervention types can successfully improve wellbeing. Methodological changes, such as greater use of control groups in intervention evaluation, can help future researchers and policy makers further understand what works for mental wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M. Blodgett
- Kohlrabi Consulting, Manchester SK4 3HJ, UK
- Institute of Sport Exercise & Health, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London W1T 7HA, UK
| | - Jack M. Birch
- Kohlrabi Consulting, Manchester SK4 3HJ, UK
- Homerton College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 8PH, UK
| | | | | | - Aradhna Kaushal
- Kohlrabi Consulting, Manchester SK4 3HJ, UK
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK
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Yoshino Y, Sato M, Abu-Siam I, Khost N, Honda S, Qarawi AT, Hassan OG, Huy NT, Kamiya Y. Assessment of physical activity and its facilitators and barriers among Syrian refugees living in Amman City, Jordan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1732. [PMID: 36096788 PMCID: PMC9469621 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is one of the major risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Few studies about physical activity have been conducted among refugees from neighbouring countries. Given changes in the situation of Syrians, assessment of physical activity among Syrian refugees is required to understand their situation. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of self-reported physical activity and to identify perceived facilitators of and barriers to physical activity among Syrian refugees living in Amman, Jordan, in 2017. METHODS This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Participants were eligible for the study if they were Syrian refugees aged 18-64 years, living in Amman city, and were either registered with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, waiting for their registration, or had a service card issued by the Jordanian Ministry of Interior. The relationship between physical activity level and sex was assessed using the chi-square test and Cochran-Armitage tests. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to assess the relationship between the median metabolic equivalent scores of physical activity and gender. Backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the association between predictors of physical inactivity and physical activity level. RESULTS Among the 173 participants, the majority (91.9%) reported moderate to a high level of physical activity, and 8.1% were physically inactive. The metabolic equivalent scores for the walking activity of males (median: 1039.5, IQR: 0, 2772) was significantly higher than that of females (median: 396, IQR: 0, 1188) (p < 0.01). "Perceived change in the amount of physical activity" was a significant predictor of physical inactivity (adjusted OR = 3.00; 95%CI: 1.27-7.26). Common facilitators of physical activity were "psychological wellbeing"(49.7%) and "prevent diseases"(46.8%). The greatest barriers to physical activity were "time limitation"(43.4%) and "high cost"(57.8%). CONCLUSION This study revealed the physical activity level among Syrian refugees in Amman. The perceived facilitators and barriers to physical activity identified among Syrian refugees were similar to those in previous studies conducted among non-refugees. These results provide a valuable baseline for future examinations of physical activity level and to verify its possible facilitators and barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasue Yoshino
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miho Sato
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Sumihisa Honda
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ahmad T Qarawi
- Fleetwood Speciality Pharmacy, New York, USA.,Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Osama Gamal Hassan
- Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan.,Cardiology Department, El Zaitoun Specialized Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kamiya
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
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10
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Denche-Zamorano Á, Barrios-Fernandez S, Gómez-Galán R, Franco-García JM, Carlos-Vivas J, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Rojo-Ramos J, Vega-Muñoz A, Contreras-Barraza N, Gianikellis K, Muñoz-Bermejo L. Associations between Physical Activity Level and Mental Health in the Spanish Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081442. [PMID: 36011099 PMCID: PMC9408571 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles appear to be critical factors in developing mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, and other diseases in developed societies. This study analysed the associations between physical activity level (PAL) and mental health using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12) in the Spanish population before the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional design, based on data from the Spanish National Health Survey (ENSE 2017), the last health survey before the pandemic, was carried out with 17,641 participants. Data did not follow a normal distribution, so non-parametric tests were used to analyse intergroup differences, differences at baseline and post hoc, and correlations between variables. Associations were found between the PAL, mental health and all its dimensions. The groups that performed moderate and intense PAL showed lower values in the GHQ12 questionnaire than those who walked or were inactive. Thus, higher PAL was associated with better mental health indicators, including successful coping, self-esteem and stress. This study provides a framework to compare outcomes between the pre- and post-pandemic periods, as the ENSE is performed every five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.)
| | - Sabina Barrios-Fernandez
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.G.-G.); (J.R.-R.); (L.M.-B.)
- Correspondence: (S.B.-F.); (M.M.-M.)
| | - Rafael Gómez-Galán
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.G.-G.); (J.R.-R.); (L.M.-B.)
| | - Juan Manuel Franco-García
- Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (Á.D.-Z.); (J.C.-V.)
| | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.B.-F.); (M.M.-M.)
| | - Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.G.-G.); (J.R.-R.); (L.M.-B.)
| | - Alejandro Vega-Muñoz
- Public Policy Observatory, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile;
| | | | - Konstantinos Gianikellis
- Biomecánica del Movimiento Humano y Ergonomía Research Group (BIOERGON), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Laura Muñoz-Bermejo
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain; (R.G.-G.); (J.R.-R.); (L.M.-B.)
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11
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Patria B. Modeling the effects of physical activity, education, health, and subjective wealth on happiness based on Indonesian national survey data. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:959. [PMID: 35562820 PMCID: PMC9101895 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13371-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on physical activity's psychological benefits are generally fewer than those on its physiological benefits, and these limited studies have mostly investigated its impact on cognitive functions. Studies exclusively investigating physical activity's effects on happiness are rare. This study aims to investigate the effect of physical activity on psychological functions, especially on happiness. METHODS Analysis was based on a large field of nationally representative Indonesian adult data. Data were compiled based on face-to-face interviews with 12,051 adults. Participants provided measures of physical activity, subjective health, and happiness, and responses were recorded with computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) software. Demographic data, including gender, subjective wealth, education, and age, were also included in the analysis. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to determine the relationship between physical activity, health, subjective wealth, and happiness. RESULTS The tested model of the association between physical activity, health, subjective wealth, and happiness indicated a good fit, based on χ2 (1, n = 12,051) = 48.733, p = .001, RMSEA = .063, and CFI = .97. Path analysis results showed that health conditions mediated the effects of physical activity on happiness. The result also showed positive effects of education level and subjective wealth on happiness. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that engagement in physical activity has a positive impact on happiness. Indonesian adults should engage in more active lifestyles since more than one-third of Indonesians did not get enough physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhina Patria
- Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
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12
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Denche-Zamorano Á, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Carlos-Vivas J, Muñoz-Bermejo L, Rojo-Ramos J, Pastor-Cisneros R, Giakoni-Ramírez F, Godoy-Cumillaf A, Barrios-Fernandez S. A Cross-Sectional Study on Self-Perceived Health and Physical Activity Level in the Spanish Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5656. [PMID: 35565051 PMCID: PMC9104406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One-third of the Spanish population over 15 years of age did not achieve a reasonable amount of physical activity (PA) before the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to analyse the associations between the PA level (PAL) and self-perceived health (SPH) in the Spanish population aged 15−69 years during the pre-pandemic period. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 (ENSE 2017) data, with 17,777 participants. We carried out a descriptive analysis, analysed intergroup differences with non-parametric statistical tests, and calculated the Odds Ratio (OR) and Relative Risk (RR) of having a negative SPH according to PAL. In addition, correlations between PAL and SPH were studied, finding associations between them (p < 0.001). Thus, performing moderate and intense PA was related to better SPH than just walking or inactive. Weak and moderate correlations were found between PAL and SPH (p < 0.001). We also found high ORs and RRs of negative SPH as PAL decreased. Moderate and intense PA were related to positive SPH, while the risk of negative perception in inactive people was higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, 7004-516 Évora, Portugal
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Laura Muñoz-Bermejo
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (L.M.-B.); (J.R.-R.); (S.B.-F.)
| | - Jorge Rojo-Ramos
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (L.M.-B.); (J.R.-R.); (S.B.-F.)
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Frano Giakoni-Ramírez
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile;
| | - Andrés Godoy-Cumillaf
- Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Sabina Barrios-Fernandez
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (L.M.-B.); (J.R.-R.); (S.B.-F.)
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13
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Harris M, Crone D, Hughes S, Bird W. Creating a social movement to engage communities in physical activity: A mixed methods study of motivations to engagement. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263414. [PMID: 35143546 PMCID: PMC8830723 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout the world social isolation and loneliness are common and both have several adverse impacts on health and wellbeing. We are designed to live in close-knit communities and we thrive in close co-operation, however, modern life isolates us from others. To reduce the burden of loneliness and social isolation we need to find strategies to reconnect people to each other, their place and provide a common purpose. Social movements aim to create healthier communities by connecting people to each other and giving people a common purpose. Interventions which create a social movement appear to be effective at engaging substantial portions of a community, however, it remains unclear why individuals are attracted to these initiatives, and if such reasons differ by sociodemographic characteristics. This study combined qualitative and quantitative methods to understand what motivated (different) people to take part in a social movement based intervention. This study suggests that it is not one but a combination of reasons people engage in interventions of this nature. This diversity needs to be acknowledged when promoting and communicating these interventions to potential participants to maximise engagement. Promoting an end reward or health/fitness may not be the most effective way to promote interventions to a large proportion of people. Instead, communications should be centred around what people value (i.e., being with their friends, doing what they enjoy and are good at).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Harris
- Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, England
- Intelligent Health, Waltham Cross, England
| | - Diane Crone
- Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, England
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14
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Xu L, Shi H, Shen M, Ni Y, Zhang X, Pang Y, Yu T, Lian X, Yu T, Yang X, Li F. The Effects of mHealth-Based Gamification Interventions on Participation in Physical Activity: Systematic Review. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2022; 10:e27794. [PMID: 35113034 PMCID: PMC8855282 DOI: 10.2196/27794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that regular physical exercise has associated benefits; yet, participation remains suboptimal. Mobile health (mHealth) has become an indispensable medium to deliver behavior change interventions, and there is a growing interest in the gamification apps in mHealth to promote physical activity (PA) participation. Gamification could use game design elements (such as points, leaderboards, and progress bars), and it has the potential to increase motivation for PA and engagement. However, mHealth-based gamification interventions are still emerging, and little is known about the application status and efficacy of such interventions. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to investigate gamification apps in mHealth for improving PA levels and simultaneously summarize the impact of gamification interventions on PA participation. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL (EBSCO host), and IEEE Xplore from inception to December 20, 2020. Original empirical research exploring the effects of gamification interventions on PA participation was included. The papers described at least one outcome regarding exercise or PA participation, which could be subjective self-report or objective indicator measurement. Of note, we excluded studies about serious games or full-fledged games. RESULTS Of 2944 studies identified from the database search, 50 (1.69%) were included, and the information was synthesized. The review revealed that gamification of PA had been applied to various population groups and broadly distributed among young people but less distributed among older adults and patients with a disease. Most of the studies (30/50, 60%) combined gamification with wearable devices to improve PA behavior change, and 50% (25/50) of the studies used theories or principles for designing gamified PA interventions. The most frequently used game elements were goal-setting, followed by progress bars, rewards, points, and feedback. This review demonstrated that gamification interventions could increase PA participation; however, the results were mixed, and modest changes were attained, which could be attributed to the heterogeneity across studies. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this study provides an overview of the existing empirical research in PA gamification interventions and provides evidence for the efficacy of gamification in enhancing PA participation. High-quality empirical studies are needed in the future to assess the efficacy of a combination of gamification and wearable activity devices to promote PA, and further exploration is needed to investigate the optimal implementation of these features of game elements and theories to enhance PA participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqi Xu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Hongyu Shi
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meidi Shen
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ni
- Department of Anaesthesia, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Pang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianzhuo Yu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lian
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianyue Yu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xige Yang
- Department of Anaesthesia, Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Nagata JM, Cortez CA, Dooley EE, Iyer P, Ganson KT, Pettee Gabriel K. Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity among adolescents in the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prev Med Rep 2022; 25:101685. [PMID: 35004134 PMCID: PMC8719022 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The study examined adolescents’ physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Median moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was 2 h per week. 8.9% met physical activity guidelines during the pandemic compared to 16.1% before. Poor mental health, worry, and stress were associated with lower physical activity. Higher coping and social support were associated with higher physical activity.
This study aimed to evaluate adolescents’ moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) during the COVID-19 pandemic with regards to sociodemographic characteristics and determine mental health and resiliency factors associated with MVPA among a diverse national sample of adolescents ages 10–14 years. Data were collected during the pandemic in May 2020 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD, N = 5,153), a national prospective cohort study in the U.S. MVPA was quantified as the product of reported duration and frequency (hours per week), which was further summarized as the proportion meeting age-appropriate 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. A similar estimate was generated using MVPA data collected prior to the pandemic. Mental health and resiliency measures were collected during the pandemic. Regression models examined associations between mental health or resiliency measures and MVPA during the pandemic. Median MVPA was 2 h per week (IQR 0, 6). Overall, the percentage of the cohort meeting MVPA guidelines decreased from 16.1% (pre-pandemic) to 8.9% (during the pandemic). Racial/ethnic minority adolescents and adolescents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds were significantly less likely to meet MVPA guidelines during the pandemic. Poorer mental health, COVID-related worry, and stress were associated with lower MVPA, while more social support and coping behaviors were associated with higher MVPA during the pandemic. In this large, national sample of adolescents, the proportion of those meeting MVPA Guidelines was lower during the COVID-19 pandemic, with significant disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Interventions to promote social support and coping behaviors may improve MVPA levels among adolescents during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason M Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, Box 0110, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Catherine A Cortez
- Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Dr, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Erin E Dooley
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Puja Iyer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, 550 16th Street, Box 0110, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kyle T Ganson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor St W, Toronto, ON M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Kelley Pettee Gabriel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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16
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Sfeir M, Akel M, Hallit S, Obeid S. Factors associated with general well-being among Lebanese adults: The role of emotional intelligence, fear of COVID, healthy lifestyle, coping strategies (avoidance and approach). CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-10. [PMID: 35018085 PMCID: PMC8736324 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02549-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
General well-being is best described as the state of mind that gives people happiness and satisfaction in life. This concept is influenced by behaviors and attitudes that individuals do on a daily basis. The purpose of this study was to understand how general well-being is correlated with other factors such as emotional intelligence, Covid-19-induced fear, healthy lifestyle, and coping strategies. This cross-sectional study was carried out between December 2020 and January 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic when lockdown restrictions were implemented at different instances. A total of 470 individuals participated. The results of a linear regression, taking the general well-being schedule score as the dependent variable, showed that more avoidance coping (B = 1.05, t(459) =8.44, p < 0.001), higher healthy lifestyle scores (B = 0.45, t(459) = 5.45, p < 0.001), and more approach coping (B = 0.42, t(459) = 4.03, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with higher GWB schedule scores. Moreover, having more fear of COVID-19 (B = -0.62, t(459) = -5.09, p < 0.001) and female gender (B = -6.80, t(459) = -4.34, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with lower GWB schedule scores. To our knowledge, this is the first study in Lebanon to evaluate GWB and factors that predict it among the general population. Nevertheless, more comprehensive future studies with longitudinal designs, more diverse socio-demographic backgrounds of sampled population recruited via probability sampling, and more reliable and valid instruments utilized are warranted to confirm our findings and draw a more certain conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Sfeir
- Institute of Psychology (IP), Faculty of social and political sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
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17
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Grocke-Dewey M, Hardison-Moody A, Haynes-Maslow L, Maras S, Webber E, Andress L, Houghtaling B, Patton-Lopez M, Shanks J, Byker-Shanks C. Examining the relationship between physical activity and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic across five U.S. States. Prev Med Rep 2021; 24:101537. [PMID: 34580623 PMCID: PMC8459674 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this paper are to investigate: 1) how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced both physical activity practices and mental health status, and 2) to assess the relationship between the two. Our mixed-methods study draws on 4,026 online survey responses collected between April - September 2020 across five states (Louisiana, Montana, North Carolina, Oregon and West Virginia). Logistic regression models were run for two outcome variables (physical activity and mental health status (measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress scale)). Researchers controlled for race/ethnicity, household income/size, gender, urbanicity, education, employment, use of government assistance and presence of chronic health conditions. Qualitative analysis was applied to open-ended survey responses to contextualize quantitative findings. Household income was significant in predicting difficulty maintaining pre-pandemic physical activity levels; pre-pandemic physical activity levels were associated with increased psychological distress levels during COVID-19; and race/ethnicity, income status and urbanicity were significantly associated with deteriorating mental health status and physical activity levels during COVID-19. Data suggests that a bi-directional, cyclical relationship between physical activity and mental health exists. Policy implications should include physical activity promotion as a protective factor against declining mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Grocke-Dewey
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Annie Hardison-Moody
- Department of Agricultural and Human Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Lindsey Haynes-Maslow
- Department of Agricultural and Human Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Shelly Maras
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Eliza Webber
- Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Lauri Andress
- Department of Health Policy, Management, and Leadership, West Virginia University, School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 26506, United States
| | - Bailey Houghtaling
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) & LSU Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
| | - Megan Patton-Lopez
- Division of Health & Exercise Science, Western Oregon University, Monmouth, OR 97361, United States
| | - Justin Shanks
- Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States
| | - Carmen Byker-Shanks
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.,Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, United States.,Gretchen Swanson Center for Nutrition, Omaha, NE 68114, United States
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Oduor M, Perälä T. Interactive Urban Play to Encourage Active Mobility: Usability Study of a Web-Based Augmented Reality Application. FRONTIERS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcomp.2021.706162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to increasing cases of sedentary lifestyles and their negative impact on health, practical solutions are needed to address the physical and mental wellbeing of citizens and to enhance their standard of living. Among the problems are premature mortality rates caused by physical inactivity, which leads to chronic diseases. Innovative solutions are needed to address many of the problems that we face as a society. Location-based games have been identified as effective solutions for increasing physical activity, enhancing social interaction, and exploration in urban environments. In this pilot study, we explore how to encourage active mobility (walking and cycling) through urban play by integrating technology into the built environment. We examined the usability of a web-based augmented reality application in providing interactive experience to users as they explored the urban environment looking for tasks. Overall, participants’ perceptions of the usability of the application were positive; they enjoyed how the application revealed the tasks at each location and all the checkpoints at the different locations had at least a couple of visitors. We present limitations and future research directions.
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Testing the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model during the COVID-19 Pandemic, with Partial Least Squares Second-Order Latent Constructs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126398. [PMID: 34199185 PMCID: PMC8296221 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We tested the Youth Physical Activity Promotion (YPAP) framework on Romanian students in order to identify actionable determinants to support participation in physical activity. Our sample consisted of 665 responses to an online survey, with participants aged 18-23 (mean = 19 years); 70% were women. We used the partial least squares algorithm to estimate the relationships between students' behavior and possible predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results indicate that all the theoretical dimensions of YPAP (predisposing, enabling and reinforcing) have a positive and significant impact on physical activity, with two mediating mechanisms expressed as predisposing factors: able and worth. Unlike previous research, we used second-order latent constructs, unveiling a particular structure for the enabling dimension that only includes sport competence, fitness and skills, but not the environmental factors.
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Yen KT, Cherng S. Secondary Prevention of Depressive Prodrome in Adolescents: Before and After Attending a Jogging Program on Campus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7705. [PMID: 33105575 PMCID: PMC7659965 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The adolescent depressive prodrome has been conceptualized as an early integrated sign of depressive symptoms, which may develop to a first episode of depression or return to normal for the adolescents. In this study, depressive prodrome presented the early self-rated depressive symptoms for the sample participants. By referring to the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale and the psychometric characteristics of the Adolescent Depression Scale (ADR), we proposed a self-rated questionnaire to assess the severity of the depressive symptoms in adolescents before and after attending the jogging program on a high school campus in Taiwan. With the parental co-signature and self-signed informed consent form, 284 high school students under the average age of 15 years, participated in this study in March 2019. Through the software of IBMSPSS 25, we used a binary logistic model, principal component analysis (PCA), multiple-dimensional analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to analyze the severity of the depressive prodrome via the threshold severity score (SC) and false positive rate (FPR). Findings revealed that attending the 15-week jogging program (3 times a week, 45 min each) on campus can change the severity status and reduce the prevalence of moderate-severe depressive prodrome by 26%. The two-dimensional approach identified three symptoms, which were the crying spell, loss of pleasure doing daily activities, and feeling the decline in memory. They kept being invariant symptoms during the course of depressive prodrome assessment for sample participants. In this study, the campus jogging program appeared to be able to affect the FPR of the measure of depressive prodrome. Compared with the subthreshold depression, the depressive prodrome emphasized the assessment from the view of the secondary prevention by representing the change from a person's premorbid functioning up until the first onset of depression or returning to normal. However, the subthreshold depression is a form of minor depression according to DSM-5 criteria varying on the number of symptoms and duration required, highly prevalent in the concern of primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Tien Yen
- Department of Leisure and Sports Management, Chengshiu University, Kaohsiung 83347, Taiwan;
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Chengshiu University, Kaohsiung 83347, Taiwan
| | - Shen Cherng
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chengshiu University, Kaohsiung 83347, Taiwan
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Maresova P, Hruska J, Klimova B, Barakovic S, Krejcar O. Activities of Daily Living and Associated Costs in the Most Widespread Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:1841-1862. [PMID: 33061334 PMCID: PMC7538005 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s264688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the population is rapidly ageing because of increasing life expectancy and decreasing birth rates. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to prepare a comprehensive overview which identifies the activities of daily living (ADLs) that are gradually reduced among patients with dementia, as well as explore the therapies applied in relation to dementia and how they effectively improve the quality of life (QoL) of patients and caregivers. Furthermore, we aim to summarise the ADL activities influenced by therapies and examine the treatment costs and care for patients so that recommendations for research and development (R&D) can be made to improve both the QoL of people with dementia and cost-saving measures. The research focuses on four selected neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer, Parkinson, vascular dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Therefore, the peer-reviewed English written articles from 2014 to 2019 were searched between September 1 and December 13, 2019. Twenty-seven papers were included in the analysis. The results show that essential assistance occurs in connection with activities: eating, drinking, dressing, bathing, personal hygiene, use of the toilet, and transport. By contrast, shopping or cleaning is not addressed as much. A lower ability to take care of oneself is connected with poor patient health and higher social care costs because the patient requires care from external sources, such as home aid or nurse visits. The challenge that remains is to shift new knowledge from scientific disciplines and connect it with the needs of patients to remove legitimate barriers and increase the acceptance of new solutions by popularisation. Additionally, regarding the burden on caregivers, it would be appropriate to promote this area of education and employment so that family members can use formal caregivers, ensuring them free time and much-needed rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Maresova
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hruska
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Klimova
- Department of Applied Linguistics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
| | - Sabina Barakovic
- Faculty of Transport and Communications, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo 71000, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Center for Basic and Applied Science, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove 500 03, Czech Republic
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22
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Dağistan Akgöz A, Gözüm S. Effectiveness of a nurse-led physical activity intervention to decrease cardiovascular disease risk in middle-aged adults: A pilot randomized controlled study. JOURNAL OF VASCULAR NURSING 2020; 38:140-148. [PMID: 32950115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvn.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the nurse-led physical activity (PA) intervention on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction in individuals with moderate risk. A randomized controlled pilot trial was conducted with 12 individuals who have moderate cardiovascular risk meeting the inclusion criteria. Eleven individuals in the intervention group participated in a 12-week PA program (outdoor group walking with the group 5 days in a week, each lasting for 40 minutes) guided by a nurse. For determining the risk level of CVD, the "HeartScore program" was used. Height, weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol values of individuals in the intervention group were measured. At the end of nurse-led outdoor walking activity with the group for 12 weeks, systolic blood pressure (P = .041) and cholesterol (P = .001) values of individuals in the intervention group decreased based on the baseline levels and accordingly CVD risk levels decreased significantly (P = .019). There was no significant difference in the control group. This study demonstrates that health care professionals working in the family health centers can easily determine the CVD risk with the HeartScore. Outdoor group walking program guided by a nurse is effective in decreasing the CVD risk level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebahat Gözüm
- Faculty of Nursing, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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23
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Arora A, Spatz ES, Herrin J, Riley C, Roy B, Rula EY, Kell KP, Krumholz HM. Identifying characteristics of high-poverty counties in the United States with high well-being: an observational cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035645. [PMID: 32948545 PMCID: PMC7500307 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify county characteristics associated with high versus low well-being among high-poverty counties. DESIGN Observational cross-sectional study at the county level to investigate the associations of 29 county characteristics with the odds of a high-poverty county reporting population well-being in the top quintile versus the bottom quintile of well-being in the USA. County characteristics representing key determinants of health were drawn from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation County Health Rankings and Roadmaps population health model. SETTING Counties in the USA that are in the highest quartile of poverty rate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Gallup-Sharecare Well-being Index, a comprehensive population-level measure of physical, mental and social health. Counties were classified as having a well-being index score in the top or bottom 20% of all counties in the USA. RESULTS Among 770 high-poverty counties, 72 were categorised as having high well-being and 311 as having low well-being. The high-well-being counties had a mean well-being score of 71.8 with a SD of 2.3, while the low-well-being counties had a mean well-being score of 60.2 with a SD of 2.8. Among the six domains of well-being, basic access, which includes access to housing and healthcare, and life evaluation, which includes life satisfaction and optimism, differed the most between high-being and low-well-being counties. Among 29 county characteristics tested, six were independently and significantly associated with high well-being (p<0.05). These were lower rates of preventable hospital stays, higher supply of primary care physicians, lower prevalence of smoking, lower physical inactivity, higher percentage of some college education and higher percentage of heavy drinkers. CONCLUSIONS Among 770 high-poverty counties, approximately 9% outperformed expectations, reporting a collective well-being score in the top 20% of all counties in the USA. High-poverty counties reporting high well-being differed from high-poverty counties reporting low well-being in several characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Arora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Erica S Spatz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jeph Herrin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carley Riley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Brita Roy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | | | - Harlan M Krumholz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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24
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Filipas L, La Torre A, Luzi L, Codella R. Born to Run Out of COVID-19: What Gives Us Wings. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 2:105. [PMID: 33345094 PMCID: PMC7739669 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Filipas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio La Torre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Italian Athletics Federation, Rome, Italy
| | - Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Codella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy
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25
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Ide PH, Martins MSAS, Segri NJ. [Trends in different domains of physical activity in Brazilian adults: data from the Vigitel survey, 2006-2016]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2020; 36:e00142919. [PMID: 32813790 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00142919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to analyze trends in different domains of physical activity in Brazilian adults according to sex, age bracket, and schooling. The data were from the Risk and Protective Factors Surveillance System for Chronic Non-Comunicable Diseases Through Telephone Interview (Vigitel) from 2006 to 2016 in all the state capitals and the Federal District. The main questions in the Vigitel survey that were relevant to this study were leisure-time, commuting, occupational, and household physical activity. Trend analysis was obtained with Prais-Winsten regression, with significance set at 5%. The overall results showed an upward trend in leisure-time physical activity, from 14.9% in 2006 to 20.8% in 2016, with a significant annual increase of 3.6%, while physical activity was stationary in the other domains. The trend was also upward for both sexes in leisure time, while there were downward annual trends for men in the occupational domain (-0.6%) and for women in the household domain (-1.9%), from 71.6% in 2006 to 55.6% in 2016. There were downward trends in individuals from 20 to 29 years of age in the occupational domain (-1.6%) and household domain (-4.3%), from 30 to 39 years in the commuting domain (-5.9%) and household domain (-1.6%), and for individuals with ≥ 12 years of schooling in the occupational domain (-0.6%). The most important public health target related to physical activity is to increase this practice among individuals that are currently inactive in all domains.
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26
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Relationship between different domains of physical activity and positive mental health among young adult men. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1116. [PMID: 32677931 PMCID: PMC7364501 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing evidence on positive effects of physical activity (PA) on mental health. However, the focus of previous research on this relationship has typically been on mental health from the perspective of mental health problems rather than from the perspective of mental wellbeing. Further, previous research has commonly focused rather on leisure time PA without evidence on the role of other domains of PA. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between positive mental health (PMH) and different domains of PA in young Finnish men. The secondary aim was to examine the reasons for physical inactivity among individuals with a low level of PMH. Methods Positive mental health (measured with Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, SWEMWBS), self-reported leisure time, occupational and commuting PA as well as reasons for physical inactivity were measured using questionnaires (n = 456, mean age 29 years) among young Finnish males. Logistic regression modelling was used to generate odds for low and high levels of positive mental health for different levels of PA and sociodemographic variables. Results A weak positive association between leisure time PA and PMH was found in men with a low level of PMH (OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.13–0.86). No association was found in the domains of commuting and occupational PA. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed lower level of leisure time PA, unemployment and being single independently predicting low level of PMH. No associations were found between any domains of PA and high level of PMH. The most common reasons for physical inactivity among men with a low level of PMH were lack of interest (28%) and unwillingness to practise sports alone (27%). Conclusions The relationship between physical activity and positive mental health seems to vary between different domains of physical activity. The findings highlight the important role of leisure time physical activity, particularly in men with a low level of positive mental health. Strategies aimed at increasing physical activity for mental health benefits should focus particularly on providing opportunities for leisure time physical activity involving social interactions for men with lower mental wellbeing.
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27
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Harris MA, Crone D. Motivations and barriers to engagement with a technology-enabled community wide physical activity intervention. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232317. [PMID: 32589658 PMCID: PMC7319279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous physical activity interventions have failed to create population change and an alternative approach is needed to support a World Health Organization target of a 15% reduction in global levels of inactivity by 2030. There is growing evidence that gamification-based interventions can reach substantial portions of the community. However, to date, these studies have been predominantly quantitative and as such there is a paucity of research in the area on motivations and barriers to engagement with these programs. Four focus groups conducted with N = 26 players who participated in a gamification-based intervention ‘Beat the Street’ revealed several varied motives to engagement, including collective reward; social influence; game reinvention; exploration; accessibility and awareness. However, several barriers specific to the Beat the Street intervention and outdoor gamification interventions more generally were also identified. This study provides novel insight into the motives which engage individuals into physical activity interventions and the design principles which need to be considered when implementing interventions of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ashley Harris
- Cardiff Metropolitan University, School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Diane Crone
- Cardiff Metropolitan University, School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
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28
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Zhu Y, Gao J, Nie X, Dai J, Fu H. Associations of individual social capital with subjective well-being and mental health among migrants: a survey from five cities in China. Int Health 2019; 11:S64-S71. [PMID: 31670819 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihz041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine the associations of cognitive and structural social capital with subjective well-being (SWB) and mental health among internal migrants in five cities in China. METHODS We conducted healthy cities surveys from June 2017 to April 2018. In total, 3038 migrants submitted surveys. Generalized linear regressions for SWB and logistic regressions for mental health were used to examine the associations of social capital, SWB and mental health after controlling for covariates. RESULTS The median level of SWB was 75.7 (interquartile range 62.9-85.7). Self-rated health and physical activity were positively associated with SWB. The SWB level among migrants who perceived high individual social cohesion was much higher than that of their counterparts (unstandardized coefficients, β=7.01 [95% confidence interval {CI} 5.82 to 8.21]). The prevalence of poor mental health was 10.0%. High social cohesion (odds ratio [OR] 0.32 [95% CI 0.24 to 0.44]) and high social participation (OR 0.77 [95% CI 0.57 to 0.97]) were significantly associated with a low ratio of poor mental health when compared with their counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive social capital is positively associated with SWB, while both cognitive and structural social capitals were negatively associated with poor mental health. It is beneficial to migrants' mental health and SWB to promote social participation and social cohesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongkai Zhu
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Junling Gao
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Xin Nie
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Junming Dai
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Hua Fu
- Health Communication Institute, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 130 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032 China
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29
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Kupcewicz E, Szypulska A, Doboszyńska A. Positive Orientation as a Predictor of Health Behavior during Chronic Diseases. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183408. [PMID: 31540017 PMCID: PMC6765796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Positive orientation includes optimism, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. This research was conducted to determine whether positive orientation is an important predictor of health behaviors of patients with chronic movement disorders which require a rehabilitation program. Methods: The study involved 93 patients, including 46 women (49.5%) and 47 men (50.5%). The study utilized a standardized Positive Orientation Scale and a Health Behavior Inventory to measure the intensity of health-promoting behaviors. Results: The two variables of age and positive orientation were found to be predictors of overall healthy behavior, explaining a total of 22% variance of the dependent variable. Age was a predictor of preventative behavior (β = 0.37; R2 = 0.16). Its share in the prediction of this variable was significant (16%). The highest predictive value of positive mental attitude was having a positive orientation (β = 0.42; R2 = 0.17), which explained 17% of the variance of the dependent variable. However, age explained 14% of the variability of health practice results (β = 0.39; R2 = 0.14). Conclusion: The results of the research indicate the need to implement preventive programs with a positive orientation to modify the health behavior of chronically ill male and female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kupcewicz
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Szypulska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Doboszyńska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
- Pulmonology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
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30
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Zhong BL, Xu YM, Xie WX, Liu XJ. Quality of life of older Chinese adults receiving primary care in Wuhan, China: a multi-center study. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6860. [PMID: 31106067 PMCID: PMC6499053 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quality of life (QOL) is an important primary care outcome, but the QOL of older adults treated in primary care is understudied in China. This study examined QOL and its associated factors in older adults treated in Chinese primary care. Methods A total of 752 older patients (65+ years) were consecutively recruited from 13 primary care centers in Wuhan, China, and interviewed with a standardized questionnaire, concerning socio-demographics, major medical conditions, loneliness, and depression. QOL and depression were measured with the Chinese six-item QOL questionnaire and the shortened Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively. Multiple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with poor QOL. Results The average QOL score of primary care older adults was (20.7 ± 2.5), significantly lower than that of the Chinese general population. Factors significantly associated with poor QOL of Chinese primary care older adults included engaging in manual labor before older adulthood (unstandardized coefficient [β]: −0.702, P < 0.001), no living adult children (β: −1.720, P = 0.001), physical inactivity (β: −0.696, P < 0.001), having ≥ four major medical conditions (β: −1.813, P < 0.001), hearing problem (β: −1.004, P = 0.017), depression (β: −1.153, P < 0.001), and loneliness (β: −1.396, P < 0.001). Conclusions Older adults treated in Chinese primary care have poorer QOL than the general population. Addressing psychosocial problems at Chinese primary care settings could be helpful in improving QOL in Chinese older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Liang Zhong
- Research Center for Psychological and Health Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.,Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan-Min Xu
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wu-Xiang Xie
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Liu
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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31
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Martin K, Naclerio F, Karsten B, Vera JH. Physical activity and quality of life in people living with HIV. AIDS Care 2019; 31:589-598. [PMID: 30712360 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1576848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As life expectancy in people living with HIV (PWH) has increased, the focus of management has shifted to preventing and treating chronic illnesses. Regular physical activity (PA) has been shown to reduce the impact of HIV on both physical and mental health. Our objectives were to assess the PA levels of PWH compared to HIV negative controls; investigate factors associated with PA; and determine the effect of PA levels on quality of life and mental well-being. We recruited 110 PWH and 110 HIV negative controls in this cross-sectional, single-centre study. Physical activity, quality of life and mental well-being were assessed using the rapid assessment of physical activity tool, EQ-5D-5L Questionnaire, and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Score. Binary logistic regression and multiple linear regression were used to identify factors associated with PA levels and mental well-being scores respectively. PWH were less likely to meet the WHO-recommended PA requirements compared to controls (50.0% vs. 64.5%; p = 0.041) and had significantly lower mental wellbeing and quality of life scores. Additionally, in PWH higher PA levels were associated with improved self-rated quality of life scores (p = 0.027). Our results suggest that targeted exercise programmes could have a beneficial effect on health status in PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Martin
- a Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust , Brighton , UK
| | - Fernando Naclerio
- b Department of Life and Sports Sciences , University of Greenwich , London , UK
| | - Bettina Karsten
- d Department of Exercise and Sport Science , LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports , Differdingen , Luxembourg
| | - Jaime H Vera
- a Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust , Brighton , UK.,c Department of Global Health and Infection , Brighton and Sussex Medical School , Brighton , UK
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32
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Magnon V, Dutheil F, Auxiette C. Sedentariness: A Need for a Definition. Front Public Health 2018; 6:372. [PMID: 30622939 PMCID: PMC6308180 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Magnon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, UFR de Psychologie, Sciences Sociales, Sciences de l'Éducation, CNRS, LaPSCo, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Faculty of Health, School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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33
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Harris MA, Bird W. Bright spots, physical activity investments that work: Beat the Street. Br J Sports Med 2018; 54:489-490. [PMID: 30323058 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ashley Harris
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK.,Intelligent Health, Reading Enterprise Centre, Reading, England, UK
| | - William Bird
- Intelligent Health, Reading Enterprise Centre, Reading, England, UK
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