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Lara-Guzmán OJ, Arango-González Á, Rivera DA, Muñoz-Durango K, Sierra JA. The colonic polyphenol catabolite dihydroferulic acid (DHFA) regulates macrophages activated by oxidized LDL, 7-ketocholesterol, and LPS switching from pro- to anti-inflammatory mediators. Food Funct 2024; 15:10399-10413. [PMID: 39320081 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo02114b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage activation plays a central role in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Interaction with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) leads to macrophage differentiation into foam cells and oxylipin production, contributing to plaque formation. 7-Ketocholesterol (7KC) is an oxidative byproduct of cholesterol found in oxLDL particles and is considered a factor contributing to plaque progression. During atherosclerotic lesion regression or stabilization, macrophages undergo a transformation from a pro-inflammatory phenotype to a reparative anti-inflammatory state. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and PGE1 appear to be crucial in resolving both acute and chronic inflammatory processes. After coffee consumption, the gut microbiota processes non-absorbed chlorogenic acids producing various lower size phenolic acids. These colonic catabolites, including dihydroferulic acid (DHFA), may exert various local and systemic effects. We focused on DHFA's impact on inflammation and oxidative stress in THP-1 macrophages exposed to oxLDL, 7KC, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Our findings reveal that DHFA inhibits the release of several pro-inflammatory mediators induced by LPS in macrophages, such as CCL-2, CCL-3, CCL-5, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17. Furthermore, DHFA reduces IL-18 and IL-1β secretion in an inflammasome-like model. DHFA demonstrated additional benefits: it decreased oxLDL uptake and CD36 expression induced by oxLDL, regulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 8-isoprostane secretion (indicating oxidative stress modulation), and selectively increased IL-10 and PGE1 levels in the presence of inflammatory stimuli (LPS and 7KC). Finally, our study highlights the pivotal role of PGE1 in foam cell inhibition and inflammation regulation within activated macrophages. This study highlights DHFA's potential as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, particularly due to its ability to induce PGE1 and IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar J Lara-Guzmán
- Vidarium - Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Nutresa Business Group, Calle 8 Sur No. 50-67, Medellin, Colombia.
| | - Ángela Arango-González
- Vidarium - Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Nutresa Business Group, Calle 8 Sur No. 50-67, Medellin, Colombia.
| | - Diego A Rivera
- Vidarium - Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Nutresa Business Group, Calle 8 Sur No. 50-67, Medellin, Colombia.
| | - Katalina Muñoz-Durango
- Vidarium - Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Nutresa Business Group, Calle 8 Sur No. 50-67, Medellin, Colombia.
| | - Jelver A Sierra
- Vidarium - Nutrition, Health and Wellness Research Center, Nutresa Business Group, Calle 8 Sur No. 50-67, Medellin, Colombia.
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Wijatniko BD, Ishii Y, Hirayama M, Suzuki T. Novel Peptides LFLLP and DFFL from Jack Bean Protein Hydrolysates Suppress the Inflammatory Response in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells. Foods 2024; 13:3198. [PMID: 39410232 PMCID: PMC11482615 DOI: 10.3390/foods13193198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2024] [Revised: 10/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α by activated macrophage cells plays an important role in the development of intestinal inflammation. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of the protein hydrolysates prepared from the jack bean (JBPHs), Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC, using the enzyme Alcalase, in a murine macrophage model, RAW 264.7 cells, which were stimulated by lipopolysaccharides. JBPHs reduced the TNF-α expression at the protein and mRNA levels through the downregulation of cellular signaling pathways involved in nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and p38. A combination of mass spectrometry and in silico approaches identified 10 potential anti-inflammatory peptides in the JBPHs, including LFLLP and DFFL. Interestingly, while LFLLP targeted the NF-κB pathway, DFFL targeted p38 and ERK to suppress the TNF-α production in the RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, LFLLP and DFFL were localized in the cytosol of the cells. These results demonstrated that LFLLP and DFFL were incorporated by RAW 264.7 cells and, at least in part, contributed to the reduction in TNF-α by JBPHs. These peptides isolated from JBPHs may well be utilized as new alternatives to alleviate intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bambang Dwi Wijatniko
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (B.D.W.); (Y.I.); (M.H.)
- Department of Food and Agricultural Product Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Yoshiki Ishii
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (B.D.W.); (Y.I.); (M.H.)
| | - Makoto Hirayama
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (B.D.W.); (Y.I.); (M.H.)
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (B.D.W.); (Y.I.); (M.H.)
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Hagen C, Hoxha M, Chitale S, White AO, Ogallar PM, Expósito AN, Agüera ADR, Torres C, Papini MR, Sabariego M. Flexible Behavioral Adjustment to Frustrative Nonreward in Anticipatory Behavior, but Not in Consummatory Behavior, Requires the Dorsal Hippocampus. Hippocampus 2024. [PMID: 39373314 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
The hippocampus (HC) is recognized for its pivotal role in memory-related plasticity and facilitating adaptive behavioral responses to reward shifts. However, the nature of its involvement in the response to reward downshifts remains to be determined. To bridge this knowledge gap, we explored the HC's function through a series of experiments in various tasks involving reward downshifts and using several neural manipulations in rats. In Experiment 1, complete excitotoxic lesions of the HC impaired choice performance in a modified T-maze after reducing the quantity of sugar pellet rewards. In Experiment 2, chemogenetic inhibition of the dorsal HC (dHC) disrupted anticipatory behavior following a food-pellet reward reduction. Experiments 3-5 impaired HC function by using peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. This treatment, which induces peripheral inflammation affecting HC function, significantly increased cytokine levels in the dHC (Experiment 3) and impaired anticipatory choice behavior (Experiment 4). None of these dorsal hippocampal manipulations affected consummatory responses in animals experiencing sucrose downshifts. Accordingly, we found no evidence of increased neural activation in either the dorsal or ventral HC, as measured by c-Fos expression, after a sucrose downshift task involving consummatory suppression (Experiment 6). The results highlight the HC's pivotal role in adaptively modulating anticipatory behavior in response to a variety of situations involving frustrative nonreward, while having no effect on adjustments on consummatory behavior. The data supporting this conclusion were obtained under heterogeneous experimental conditions derived from a multi-laboratory collaboration, ensuring the robustness and high reproducibility of our findings. Spatial orientation, memory update, choice of reward signals of different values, and anticipatory versus consummatory adjustments to reward downshift are discussed as potential mechanisms that could account for the specific effects observed from HC manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hagen
- Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Megi Hoxha
- Program in Neuroscience & Behavior, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Saee Chitale
- Program in Neuroscience & Behavior, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andre O White
- Program in Neuroscience & Behavior, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pedro M Ogallar
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | - Carmen Torres
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Mauricio R Papini
- Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Marta Sabariego
- Program in Neuroscience & Behavior, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts, USA
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Su C, Liu Z, Liu L, Xiong Z, Xu T, Zhang S, Chen Y, Jiang Y. Protective effects of nodosin against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury through regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and ferroptosis in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:8009-8022. [PMID: 38775855 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
This research aimed to explore the impact of nodosin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats. The study involved administering nodosin orally at doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight orally to rats for 7 days before induction of AKI. Toward the end of the study, urine, blood, and kidneys were gathered from the rats to undergo biochemical and molecular examination after sacrificing them. Serum Scr, BUN, urine NGAL, and KIM-1 levels were significantly decreased in nodosin-treated AKI rats. Besides, nodosin administration resulted in a significant reduction in kidney MDA and 4-HNE levels. In contrast, antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST levels increased, as well as Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1 levels increased, while Keap-1 mRNA levels decreased in AKI rats. In addition, AKI rats treated with nodosin reversed excessive ferroptosis in the kidneys of LPS-induced AKI rats, as evidenced by increased mRNA and protein levels of GPX4, SLC7A11, and FTH-1. The administration of nodosin significantly reduced levels of inflammatory markers including TLR4, MYD88, NF-κB p65, IkKβ, and IL-1β, while IL-10 levels increased in the AKI-induced rats. Besides, histopathological changes were reduced in AKI-induced rats treated with nodosin. Nodosin proves highly beneficial in safeguarding the kidney from AKI by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and ferroptosis. The treatment of AKI could greatly benefit from this option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojiang Su
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zongyang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Liting Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiqian Xiong
- Graduate School of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Graduate School of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Intervention, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550004, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang City, 550001, Guizhou Province, China.
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Argueta DL, Brice KN, Wu-Chung EL, Chen MA, Lai VD, Paoletti-Hatcher J, Denny BT, Green C, Medina LD, Schulz P, Stinson J, Heijnen C, Fagundes CP. LPS-induced whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms in dementia spousal caregivers: The moderating effect of childhood trauma. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 168:107140. [PMID: 39032477 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Dementia spousal caregivers are at risk for adverse mental and physical health outcomes. Caregiver burden, anticipatory grief, and proinflammatory cytokine production may contribute to depressive symptoms among caregivers. People who report childhood trauma are more likely to have exaggerated stress responses that may also contribute to depressive symptoms in adulthood. This study aimed to test whether the relationship between whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms is strongest in caregivers who report high levels of childhood trauma. METHODS A sample of 103 dementia spousal caregivers provided self-report data on demographics, health information, caregiver burden, anticipatory grief, and depressive symptoms. We also determined lipopolysaccharide-induced whole-blood cytokine production as the primary measure of immune cell reactivity. We measured interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and converted z-scores of each cytokine into a composite panel. We regressed depressive symptoms on proinflammatory cytokine production, caregiver burden, and anticipatory grief, adjusting for demographic and health-related covariates. RESULTS Whole-blood cytokine production and childhood trauma were associated with depressive symptoms. Childhood trauma moderated the relationship between whole-blood cytokine production and depressive symptoms. Whole-blood cytokine production was only associated with depressive symptoms at mean and high levels of childhood trauma, but not at low levels of childhood trauma. The main effects of burden and anticipatory grief on depressive symptoms were strongest for caregivers reporting high levels of childhood trauma. DISCUSSION Childhood trauma has lasting impacts on psychosocial experiences later in life and has effects that may confer susceptibility to inflammation-related depression. Our findings contribute to ongoing efforts to identify risk factors for adverse mental health in dementia spousal caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly N Brice
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | | | | | - Vincent D Lai
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | | | - Bryan T Denny
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA
| | - Charles Green
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, USA
| | - Luis D Medina
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, USA
| | - Paul Schulz
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center Houston, USA
| | | | - Cobi Heijnen
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, USA
| | - Christopher P Fagundes
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Houston, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, USA; Department of Behavioral Science, MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
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6
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Joo HK, Kim S, Choi E, Jin H, Lee YR, Lee EO, Kim CS, Jeon BH. Heterozygous Apex1 deficiency exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation in a murine model. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 223:96-108. [PMID: 39067624 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The biological role of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (Apex1) in modulating systemic inflammation remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of Apex1 deficiency on systemic inflammation triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a murine model. The methods involved transcriptomic analysis and assessments of inflammatory responses in age-matched 8-week-old Apex1+/- and wild-type Apex1+/+ mice, generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Apex1+/- mice displayed no overt changes in body weight, however, Apex1 protein expressions in tissues were significantly reduced compared to wild-type mice. Furthermore, in Apex1+/- mice transcriptomic analysis showed that genes associated with antioxidant pathways were downregulated, and levels of superoxide production, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased. Moreover, hematological analysis showed increased neutrophil levels and a twofold increase in the count of splenic lymphocyte antigen 6 family member G+ (Ly6G+) neutrophils in the Apex1+/- mice compared to those in Apex1+/+ mice. Furthermore, following LPS treatment, the levels of cytokines and chemokines, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, increased in the Apex1+/- mice. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a significant reduction in the survival rates of Apex1+/- mice treated with LPS compared to those of Apex1+/+ mice. The hepatic and lung injury scores and Ly6G+ neutrophil infiltration levels also increased in Apex1+/- mice after LPS treatment. These results showed that Apex1 deficiency exacerbated the LPS-induced tissue damage in the lung and liver. These findings illustrate that in vivo Apex1 deficiency exacerbates LPS-induced systemic inflammation, tissue damage, and mortality in a murine model, highlighting the crucial role of Apex1 in mitigating inflammatory responses and maintaining a holistic physiological equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Kyoung Joo
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Sungmin Kim
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Eunju Choi
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Hao Jin
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Yu-Ran Lee
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ok Lee
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Cuk-Seong Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 35015, South Korea.
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7
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Permain J, Hock B, Eglinton T, Purcell R. Functional links between the microbiome and the molecular pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024:10.1007/s10555-024-10215-5. [PMID: 39340753 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10215-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer, with a concerning rise in early-onset CRC cases, signalling a shift in disease epidemiology. Whilst our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of CRC has expanded, the complexities underlying its initiation remain elusive, with emerging evidence implicating the microbiome in CRC pathogenesis. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the intricate interplay between the microbiome, tumour microenvironment (TME), and molecular pathways driving CRC carcinogenesis. Recent studies have reported how the microbiome may modulate the TME and tumour immune responses, consequently influencing cancer progression, and whilst specific bacteria have been linked with CRC, the underlying mechanisms remains poorly understood. By elucidating the functional links between microbial landscapes and carcinogenesis pathways, this review offers insights into how bacteria orchestrate diverse pathways of CRC development, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets and personalized intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Permain
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Barry Hock
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Timothy Eglinton
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Purcell
- Department of Surgery and Critical Care, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Ma Z, Zuo T, Frey N, Rangrez AY. A systematic framework for understanding the microbiome in human health and disease: from basic principles to clinical translation. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:237. [PMID: 39307902 PMCID: PMC11418828 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome is a complex and dynamic system that plays important roles in human health and disease. However, there remain limitations and theoretical gaps in our current understanding of the intricate relationship between microbes and humans. In this narrative review, we integrate the knowledge and insights from various fields, including anatomy, physiology, immunology, histology, genetics, and evolution, to propose a systematic framework. It introduces key concepts such as the 'innate and adaptive genomes', which enhance genetic and evolutionary comprehension of the human genome. The 'germ-free syndrome' challenges the traditional 'microbes as pathogens' view, advocating for the necessity of microbes for health. The 'slave tissue' concept underscores the symbiotic intricacies between human tissues and their microbial counterparts, highlighting the dynamic health implications of microbial interactions. 'Acquired microbial immunity' positions the microbiome as an adjunct to human immune systems, providing a rationale for probiotic therapies and prudent antibiotic use. The 'homeostatic reprogramming hypothesis' integrates the microbiome into the internal environment theory, potentially explaining the change in homeostatic indicators post-industrialization. The 'cell-microbe co-ecology model' elucidates the symbiotic regulation affecting cellular balance, while the 'meta-host model' broadens the host definition to include symbiotic microbes. The 'health-illness conversion model' encapsulates the innate and adaptive genomes' interplay and dysbiosis patterns. The aim here is to provide a more focused and coherent understanding of microbiome and highlight future research avenues that could lead to a more effective and efficient healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Tao Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Human Microbiome and Chronic Diseases (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Norbert Frey
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ashraf Yusuf Rangrez
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Pellicano C, Oliva A, Colalillo A, Gigante A, D'Aliesio E, Al Ismail D, Miele MC, Cianci R, Mastroianni CM, Rosato E. Serum markers of microbial translocation and intestinal damage in assessment of gastrointestinal tract involvement in systemic sclerosis. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:225. [PMID: 39294494 PMCID: PMC11410972 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01466-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement affects up to 90% of Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. The presence of GI symptoms is assessed by the University of California, Los Angeles, and Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Gastrointestinal Scale (UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0). Microbial translocation (MT) is reported in SSc patients consequently to increased intestinal permeability due to intestinal damage (ID) and dysbiosis. Aim of this study was to assess circulating levels of LBP and EndoCab IgM (markers of MT), IL-6 (marker of inflammation), I-FABP and Zonulin (markers of ID) in a cohort of SSc patients and healthy controls (HC). Moreover, we aimed to correlate these parameters with severity of GI symptoms. UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 questionnaire was administered to 60 consecutive SSc patients. Markers of MT, inflammation and ID were evaluated in SSc patients and HC. SSc patients had higher median value of markers of MT, inflammation and ID than HC. The logistic regression analysis showed LBP as the only variable associated with an UCLA total score "moderate-to-very severe" [OR 1.001 (CI 95%: 1.001-1.002), p < 0.001]. The logistic regression analysis showed LBP [OR 1.002 (CI 95%: 1.001-1.003), p < 0.01] and disease duration [OR 1.242 (CI 95%: 1.023-1.506), p < 0.05] as variables associated with UCLA distension/bloating "moderate-to-very severe". The logistic regression analysis showed LBP as the only variable associated with UCLA diarrhea "moderate-to-very severe" [OR 1.002 (CI 95%: 1.001-1.003), p < 0.01]. SSc patients with dysregulation gut mucosal integrity expressed by high levels of MT and ID biomarkers had more severe GI symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pellicano
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 37, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Oliva
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Amalia Colalillo
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 37, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Gigante
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 37, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa D'Aliesio
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Dania Al Ismail
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Claudia Miele
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosario Cianci
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 37, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Maria Mastroianni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Rosato
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale dell'Università 37, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Ma X, Park HS, Shin YJ, Kim JK, Hong JK, Han SW, Yoon IY, Kim DH. The extracellular vesicle of depressive patient-derived Escherichia fergusonii induces vagus nerve-mediated neuroinflammation in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:224. [PMID: 39277768 PMCID: PMC11402204 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03211-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota dysbiosis is closely associated with psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety (DA). In our preliminary study, fecal microbiota transplantation from volunteers with psychological stress and subclinical symptoms of depression (Vsd) induced DA-like behaviors in mice. Escherichia fergusonii (Esf) was found to be more abundant in the feces of Vsd compared to healthy volunteers. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Esf on DA-like behavior and neuroinflammation in mice with and without celiac vagotomy. METHODS AND RESULTS Orally gavaged Esf increased DA-like behaviors, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) expression, and NF-κB+Iba1+ and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+Iba1+ cell populations, while decreasing serotonin, 5-HT1A receptor, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. However, celiac vagotomy attenuated Esf-induced DA-like behavior and neuroinflammation. Orally gavaged extracellular vesicle (EV) from Vsd feces (vfEV) or Esf culture (esEV) induced DA-like behavior and inflammation in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and colon. However, celiac vagotomy attenuated vfEV- or esEV-induced DA-like behaviors and inflammation in the brain alone, while vfEV- or esEV-induced blood LPS and TNF-α levels, colonic TNF-α expression and NF-κB-positive cell number, and fecal LPS level were not. Although orally gavaged fluorescence isothiocyanate-labeled esEV was translocated into the blood and hippocampus, celiac vagotomy decreased its translocation into the hippocampus alone. CONCLUSIONS esEVs may be translocated into the brain via the vagus nerve and bloodstream, subsequently inducing TNF-α expression and suppressing serotonin, its receptor, and BDNF expression through the activation of TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling, thereby contributing to DA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Ma
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Hee-Seo Park
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Shin
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Jeon-Kyung Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
- School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Korea
| | - Jung Kyung Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University, Seongnam, 13620, Korea
| | - Seung-Won Han
- PB Department, NVP-Healthcare Inc., Suwon, 16209, Korea
| | - In-Young Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University, Seongnam, 13620, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
- PB Department, NVP-Healthcare Inc., Suwon, 16209, Korea.
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11
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Nendl A, Andersen GØ, Seljeflot I, Trøseid M, Awoyemi A. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein is associated with infarct size and cardiac function in acute heart failure following myocardial infarction. Open Heart 2024; 11:e002868. [PMID: 39277188 PMCID: PMC11404232 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2024-002868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In acute heart failure (HF), reduced cardiac output, vasoconstriction and congestion may damage the intestinal mucosa and disrupt its barrier function. This could facilitate the leakage of bacterial products into circulation and contribute to inflammation and adverse cardiac remodelling. We aimed to investigate gut leakage markers and their associations with inflammation, infarct size and cardiac function. METHODS We examined 61 ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients who developed acute HF within 48 hours of successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Serial blood samples were taken to measure lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP), soluble cluster of differentiation 14 (sCD14) and intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP). Cumulative areas under the curve (AUCs) from baseline to day 5 were calculated. Serial echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS) and wall motion score index (WMSI). Single-photon emission CT (SPECT) was performed at 6 weeks to determine infarct size and LVEF. RESULTS I-FABPAUC correlated positively with infarct size (rs=0.45, p=0.002), GLS (rs=0.32, p=0.035) and WMSI (rs=0.45, p=0.002) and negatively with LVEF measured by SPECT (rs=-0.40, p=0.007) and echocardiography (rs=-0.33, p=0.021) at 6 weeks. LPSAUC, LBPAUC and sCD14AUC did not correlate to any cardiac function marker or infarct size. Patients, who at 6 weeks had above median GLS and WMSI, and below-median LVEF measured by SPECT, were more likely to have above median I-FABPAUC during admission (adjusted OR (aOR) 5.22, 95% CI 1.21 to 22.44; aOR 5.05, 95% CI 1.25 to 20.43; aOR 5.67, 95% CI 1.42 to 22.59, respectively). The same was observed for patients in the lowest quartile of LVEF measured by echocardiography (aOR 9.99, 95% CI 1.79 to 55.83) and three upper quartiles of infarct size (aOR 20.34, 95% CI 1.56 to 264.65). CONCLUSIONS In primary PCI-treated STEMI patients with acute HF, I-FABP, a marker of intestinal epithelial damage, was associated with larger infarct size and worse cardiac function after 6 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andraž Nendl
- Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology Ullevaal, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ingebjørg Seljeflot
- Oslo Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology Ullevaal, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marius Trøseid
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ayodeji Awoyemi
- Department of Cardiology Ullevaal, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Cilmiaty R, Nurhapsari A, Prayitno A, Rahma AA, Ilyas MF. Asiatic acid reduces lipopolysaccharides-induced pulp inflammation through activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in rats. PeerJ 2024; 12:e18004. [PMID: 39253601 PMCID: PMC11382647 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.18004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dental pulp inflammation, often initiated by Gram-negative microorganisms and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), can lead to pulpitis and, subsequently, dental pulp necrosis, compromising tooth structure and increasing susceptibility to fracture. Asiatic acid, derived from Centella asiatica, has demonstrated pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, making it a potential candidate for mitigating LPS-induced pulp inflammation. This in vivo study aims to investigate the impact of Asiatic acid on the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in Rattus norvegicus with LPS-induced pulp inflammation. Methods This quasi-laboratory experimental in vivo study employed a post-test-only control group design to investigate the effects of Asiatic acid on LPS-induced pulp inflammation in Wistar rats. Thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups subjected to various interventions. LPS was administered to all groups for 6 h except the standard control group (CG, n = 5). The negative control group (NCG, n = 5) received only glass ionomer cement. The positive control group (PCG, n = 5) received Eugenol with glass ionomer cement. Intervention groups 1, 2, and 3 (IG1, IG2, IG3; n = 5 each) received Asiatic acid at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively, with glass ionomer cement. Dental pulp inflammation was confirmed through immunological (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels), histopathological (inflammatory parameters), and physiological (pain assessment using the rat grimace scale) analyses. Additionally, Nrf2 levels were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Asiatic acid administration significantly influenced Nrf2 levels in rats with LPS-induced pulp inflammation. Nrf2 levels were significantly higher in groups treated with 0.5% (IG1) (8.810 ± 1.092 ng/mL; p = 0.047), 1.0% (IG2) (9.132 ± 1.285 ng/mL; p = 0.020), and 2.0% (IG3) (11.972 ± 1.888 ng/mL; p = 0.000) Asiatic acid compared to NCG (7.146 ± 0.706). Notably, Nrf2 levels were also significantly higher in the 2.0% Asiatic acid group (IG3) compared to the PCG treated with Eugenol (8.846 ± 0.888 ng/mL; p = 0.001), as well as IG1 (p = 0.001) and IG2 (p = 0.002). However, no significant difference was observed between administering 0.5% Asiatic acid (IG1), 1.0% Asiatic acid (IG2), and Eugenol (PCG). Conclusion This research showed that Asiatic acid significantly impacted the Nrf2 levels in rats with LPS-induced pulp inflammation. This suggests that it has the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent for reducing dental pulp inflammation. These findings support the need to further explore Asiatic acid as a promising intervention for maintaining dental pulp health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risya Cilmiaty
- Doctoral Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
- Department of Oral Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Arlina Nurhapsari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Islamic University of Sultan Agung, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Adi Prayitno
- Department of Oral Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Aghnia Rahma
- Medical Profession Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
| | - Muhana Fawwazy Ilyas
- Medical Profession Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia
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Han SH, Lee S, Kim HY, Lee AY. Taraxacum coreanum (Korean Dandelion) Extract Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Destruction via Regulation of Tight Junctions and Inflammatory Responses in bEnd.3 Cells. J Med Food 2024. [PMID: 39229677 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is closely related to neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegenerative disorders. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin, can cause inflammation by impairing the brain endothelial barrier function and increasing the BBB permeability. Although Taraxacum coreanum NAKAI extract (TC), a traditional medicine widely used in Korea, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, the protective effects on neuroinflammation and BBB dysfunction are not fully understood. In the present study, bEnd.3 cerebral vascular endothelial cells were treated with TC followed by LPS exposure, and the effects on transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) values, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and expression of proteins related to inflammatory responses and tight junction integrity were assessed. The TC-treated group exhibited elevated TEER values in bEnd.3 monolayer compared to LPS-only treated group. In addition, TC treatment increased the expression of proteins involved in the tight junctions, such as ZO-1, claudin-5, and occludin. Furthermore, the TC-treated group suppressed the proteins expression-related to nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Taken together, TC attenuates LPS-induced neuroinflammatory responses by regulating NF-κB activation, which may contribute to protecting against BBB disruption. These findings suggest that TC may have the potential to be used as a material for functional foods to prevent neuroinflammation-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hee Han
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Institute of Science and Technology, Anseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Young Lee
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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14
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Wang D, Li X, Li Y, Wang R, Wang C, Li Y. New molecular mechanisms of quercetin in improving recurrent spontaneous abortion based on in-depth network pharmacology and molecular docking. Front Chem 2024; 12:1407667. [PMID: 39296365 PMCID: PMC11408355 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1407667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increasing prevalence of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) poses significant physical and psychological challenges for affected individuals. Quercetin, a natural plant flavonoid, shows promise in reducing miscarriage rates, yet its precise mechanism remains elusive. This study uses network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation to explore the molecular pathways through which quercetin mitigates RSA. Methods Quercetin-related target genes were sourced from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and RSA target genes were retrieved from the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), with overlapping targets identified using Venn diagrams. All genes were visualized using the STRING database, and core targets were selected with Cytoscape 3.7.3. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using the DAVID and Reactome online resources. Subsequently, HTR-8/SVneo cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with varying concentrations of quercetin (1, 5, and 10 μM), then subjected to CCK-8, wound healing, transwell, and annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis assays. Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in LPS-induced cells post-quercetin intervention, and western blotting was used to measure AKT1, MMP9, and caspase-3 protein levels. Results A total of 139 quercetin-associated target genes were identified from the TCMSP database, and 98 disease-associated target genes were obtained from the CTD, resulting in 25 shared target genes. Gene ontology enrichment highlighted the involvement of these targets in positive regulation of apoptosis, response to hypoxia, and intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage. KEGG pathway analysis indicated enrichment in pathways related to interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 signaling, cytokine signaling in the immune system, and apoptosis. Molecular docking studies revealed robust binding of quercetin with MMP9, AKT1, IL-1β, TNF, and caspase-3. In vitro experiments demonstrated that quercetin enhanced LPS-induced cell activity, fostering proliferation, migration, and invasion, and reducing apoptosis. Moreover, quercetin reduced IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 mRNA expression, increased AKT1 and MMP9 protein levels, and reduced caspase-3 expression. Conclusion Quercetin could mitigate the incidence of RSA by modulating inflammatory responses and apoptotic processes, through upregulation of AKT1 and MMP9, and downregulation of caspase-3, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Quercetin opens up a new way of thinking about treating RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuebing Li
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yifan Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruilin Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunxia Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongwei Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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15
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Hodge K, Buck DJ, Das S, Davis RL. The effects of chronic, continuous β-funaltrexamine pre-treatment on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and behavioral deficits in C57BL/6J mice. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:33. [PMID: 39223594 PMCID: PMC11367784 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and neuroinflammation are integral to the progression and severity of many diseases and are strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, cancer, autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative disease, and neuropsychiatric disorders. These diseases can be difficult to treat without addressing the underlying inflammation, and, as such, a growing need has arisen for pharmaceutical treatments that target inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways. Our lab has investigated the therapeutic potential of the irreversible µ-opioid antagonist β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA) and discovered that acute treatment ameliorates inflammation in astrocytes in vitro and inhibits central and peripheral inflammation and reduces anxiety- and sickness-like behavior in male C57BL/6J mice. Now, our investigation has expanded to investigate the chronic pre-treatment effects of β-FNA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and behavior in male C57BL/6J mice. RESULTS Micro-osmotic drug pumps were surgically inserted into the subcutaneous intrascapular space of male C57BL/6J mice. β-FNA or saline vehicle was continuously administered for seven days. On the sixth day, mice were given intraperitoneal injections of LPS or saline. An elevated plus maze test, followed by a forced swim test, were administered 24 h post-injection to measure sickness-, anxiety- and depressive-like behavior. Immediately after testing, frontal cortex, hippocampus, spleen, and plasma were collected. Levels of inflammatory chemokines C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) were measured in tissues by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to assess expression of the enzyme indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and the NLR family pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NRLP3) inflammasome in frontal cortex and spleen tissues. Chronic pre-treatment robustly decreased inflammation in the hippocampus, frontal cortex, and spleen and reduced or abolished anxiety- and sickness-like behavior (e.g., increased time spent motionless, increased time spent in a contracted position, and reduced distance moved). However, treatment with β-FNA alone increased both inflammation in the frontal cortex and anxiety-like behavior. CONCLUSION These findings provide novel insights into the anti-inflammatory and behavior-modifying effects of chronic β-FNA pre-treatment and continue to support the therapeutic potential of β-FNA under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karissa Hodge
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Daniel J Buck
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Subhas Das
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Randall L Davis
- Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, 1111 West 17th Street, Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA.
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16
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Kounatidis D, Vallianou NG, Stratigou T, Voukali M, Karampela I, Dalamaga M. The Kidney in Obesity: Current Evidence, Perspectives and Controversies. Curr Obes Rep 2024:10.1007/s13679-024-00583-y. [PMID: 39141201 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain a public health issue, we aim to elaborate on their complex relationship regarding pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic potential as well. The purpose of this review is to enhance our understanding of the interplay between obesity and CKD in order to timely diagnose and treat obesity-related CKD. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity and CKD pose significant intertwined challenges to global health, affecting a substantial portion of the population worldwide. Obesity is recognized as an independent risk factor, intricately contributing to CKD pathogenesis through mechanisms such as lipotoxicity, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Recent evidence highlights additional factors including hemodynamic changes and intestinal dysbiosis that exacerbate kidney dysfunction in obese individuals, leading to histologic alterations known as obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG). This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on the prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic strategies of obesity-related kidney disease. Furthermore, it explores mechanistic insights to delineate current therapeutic approaches, future directions for managing this condition and controversies. By elucidating the multifaceted interactions between obesity and kidney health, this review aims to inform clinical practice and stimulate further research to address this global health epidemic effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Kounatidis
- Diabetes Center, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia G Vallianou
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126, Athens, Greece.
| | - Theodora Stratigou
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, European and National Expertise Center for Rare Endocrine Disorders, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Voukali
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126, Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Karampela
- Second Department of Critical Care, Medical School, Attikon General University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
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Ibrahim Z, Khan NA, Siddiqui R, Qaisar R, Marzook H, Soares NC, Elmoselhi AB. Gut matters in microgravity: potential link of gut microbiota and its metabolites to cardiovascular and musculoskeletal well-being. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:66. [PMID: 39123239 PMCID: PMC11316329 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00836-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and its secreted metabolites play a significant role in cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health and diseases. The dysregulation of the intestinal microbiota poses a significant threat to cardiovascular and skeletal muscle well-being. Nonetheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these changes remain unclear. Furthermore, microgravity presents several challenges to cardiovascular and musculoskeletal health compromising muscle strength, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic changes. The purpose of this review is to critically examine the role of gut microbiota metabolites on cardiovascular and skeletal muscle functions and dysfunctions. It also explores the molecular mechanisms that drive microgravity-induced deconditioning in both cardiovascular and skeletal muscle. Key findings in this review highlight that several alterations in gut microbiota and secreted metabolites in microgravity mirror characteristics seen in cardiovascular and skeletal muscle diseases. Those alterations include increased levels of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, elevated lipopolysaccharide levels (LPS), increased in para-cresol (p-cresol) and secondary metabolites, along with reduction in bile acids and Akkermansia muciniphila bacteria. Highlighting the potential, modulating gut microbiota in microgravity conditions could play a significant role in mitigating cardiovascular and skeletal muscle diseases not only during space flight but also in prolonged bed rest scenarios here on Earth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Ibrahim
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naveed A Khan
- Microbiota Research Center, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS,, UK
- Microbiota Research Center, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34010, Turkey
| | - Rizwan Qaisar
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hezlin Marzook
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE
| | - Nelson C Soares
- Center for Applied and Translational Genomics (CATG), Mohammed Bin Rashid university of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, 0000, United Arab Emirates
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Av Padre Cruz, Lisbon, 1649-016, Portugal
| | - Adel B Elmoselhi
- Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, UAE.
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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18
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Liu M, Li S, Cao S, Liu C, Han Y, Cheng J, Zhang S, Zhao J, Shi Y. Let food be your medicine - dietary fiber. Food Funct 2024; 15:7733-7756. [PMID: 38984439 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo05641d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) cannot be digested and absorbed by the digestive tract, nor can it provide the energy needed to be burned for metabolic activities. Therefore, from the 1950s to the 1980s, DF received little attention in nutrition studies. With in-depth research and developments in global nutrition, people have gradually paid attention to the fact that DF occupies an essential position in the structure of nutrition, and it can ensure the healthy development of human beings. As early as 390 B.C., the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates proposed, "Let your food be your medicine, and your medicine be your food". This concept has been more systematically validated in modern scientific research, with numerous epidemiological studies showing that the dietary intake of DF-rich foods such as whole grains, root vegetables, legumes, and fruits has the potential to regulate the balance of the gut microbiota and thereby prevent diseases. However, the crosstalk between different types of DF and the gut microbiota is quite complex, and the effects on the organism vary. In this paper, we discuss research on DF and the gut microbiota and related diseases, aiming to understand the relationship between all three better and provide a reference basis for the risk reduction of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Shouren Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Shixi Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Cong Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Yao Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jiawen Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Shuhang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Yinghua Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
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Miao X, Alidadipour A, Saed V, Sayyadi F, Jadidi Y, Davoudi M, Amraee F, Jadidi N, Afrisham R. Hepatokines: unveiling the molecular and cellular mechanisms connecting hepatic tissue to insulin resistance and inflammation. Acta Diabetol 2024:10.1007/s00592-024-02335-9. [PMID: 39031190 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance arising from Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) stands as a prevalent global ailment, a manifestation within societies stemming from individuals' suboptimal dietary habits and lifestyles. This form of insulin resistance emerges as a pivotal factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence underscores the significant role of hepatokines, as hepatic-secreted hormone-like entities, in the genesis of insulin resistance and eventual onset of type 2 diabetes. Hepatokines exert influence over extrahepatic metabolism regulation. Their principal functions encompass impacting adipocytes, pancreatic cells, muscles, and the brain, thereby playing a crucial role in shaping body metabolism through signaling to target tissues. This review explores the most important hepatokines, each with distinct influences. Our review shows that Fetuin-A promotes lipid-induced insulin resistance by acting as an endogenous ligand for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4). FGF21 reduces inflammation in diabetes by blocking the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in adipocytes and adipose tissue, while also improving glucose metabolism. ANGPTL6 enhances AMPK and insulin signaling in muscle, and suppresses gluconeogenesis. Follistatin can influence insulin resistance and inflammation by interacting with members of the TGF-β family. Adropin show a positive correlation with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), a key regulator of gluconeogenesis. This article delves into hepatokines' impact on NAFLD, inflammation, and T2DM, with a specific focus on insulin resistance. The aim is to comprehend the influence of these recently identified hormones on disease development and their underlying physiological and pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Arian Alidadipour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vian Saed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firooze Sayyadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Jadidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Davoudi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amraee
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Jadidi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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高 慧, 钱 贝, 倪 艳, 孙 莉, 傅 君. [Research Progress in the Pathogenesis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome]. SICHUAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF SICHUAN UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDITION 2024; 55:1049-1054. [PMID: 39170002 PMCID: PMC11334293 DOI: 10.12182/20240760208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common gynecological endocrine disorders. Most pathophysiological changes of PCOS begin in the peripubertal phase, and these pathophysiological changes will continuously affect women's health in the later stages of their lives. The pathogenic mechanisms of PCOS remain unclear, involving key aspects such as the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary function, ovarian cellular functions, androgen levels, and insulin resistance. Herein, we summarized the latest findings on the pathogenesis of PCOS from the perspectives of the genetic background, intrauterine development, neuroendocrine function, inflammatory factors, gut microbiome, and environmental factors. This review will help provide new ideas for a deeper understanding of the disease, as well as its clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- 慧慧 高
- 浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院 小儿青少年妇科 国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心 (杭州 310052)National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - 贝冉 钱
- 浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院 小儿青少年妇科 国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心 (杭州 310052)National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - 艳 倪
- 浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院 小儿青少年妇科 国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心 (杭州 310052)National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - 莉颖 孙
- 浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院 小儿青少年妇科 国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心 (杭州 310052)National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - 君芬 傅
- 浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院 小儿青少年妇科 国家儿童健康与疾病临床医学研究中心 (杭州 310052)National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
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21
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Pinheiro L, Freitas M, Branco PS. Phosphate-Containing Glycolipids: A Review on Synthesis and Bioactivity. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400315. [PMID: 39031174 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Phosphate-containing glycolipids (PcGL) are scarcer than the better understood glycolipids. They are composed of arrangements of phosphate, carbohydrates and glycerol units and are always found associated with lipids. PcGL are often found associated with cell membranes, suggesting they play roles in cell membrane structure and intercellular interactions. This article aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the existing knowledge and research on PcGL, emphasizing their synthesis and wide range of biological activities. When it comes to the synthesis of PcGL compounds, the strategies for glycosylation mainly rely on the thioglycoside donor, the trichloroacetamidate donor and halide donor strategies, while phosphorylation is stapled and falls on either phosphite chemistry or phosphoryl chloride chemistry. Certain bacteria utilize PcGLs in their pathogenicity, triggering an inflammatory response within the host's defense mechanisms. The best-known examples of these structures are teichoic acids, lipopolysaccharide and the capsular polysaccharide found in bacteria, all of which are frequently implicated in bacterial infections. Given the degree of variability within PcGL structures, they were found to display a wide range of bioactivities. PcGL compounds were found to: (1) have anti-metastatic properties, (2) behave as agonists or antagonists of platelet aggregation, (3) be mostly pro-inflammatory, (4) display antifungal and antibiotic activity and (5) have neurogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Pinheiro
- Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Campus da Caparica, 2825-149, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Marisa Freitas
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula S Branco
- Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Campus da Caparica, 2825-149, Caparica, Portugal
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22
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Dmytriv TR, Storey KB, Lushchak VI. Intestinal barrier permeability: the influence of gut microbiota, nutrition, and exercise. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1380713. [PMID: 39040079 PMCID: PMC11260943 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1380713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal wall is a selectively permeable barrier between the content of the intestinal lumen and the internal environment of the body. Disturbances of intestinal wall permeability can potentially lead to unwanted activation of the enteric immune system due to excessive contact with gut microbiota and its components, and the development of endotoxemia, when the level of bacterial lipopolysaccharides increases in the blood, causing chronic low-intensity inflammation. In this review, the following aspects are covered: the structure of the intestinal wall barrier; the influence of the gut microbiota on the permeability of the intestinal wall via the regulation of functioning of tight junction proteins, synthesis/degradation of mucus and antioxidant effects; the molecular mechanisms of activation of the pro-inflammatory response caused by bacterial invasion through the TLR4-induced TIRAP/MyD88 and TRAM/TRIF signaling cascades; the influence of nutrition on intestinal permeability, and the influence of exercise with an emphasis on exercise-induced heat stress and hypoxia. Overall, this review provides some insight into how to prevent excessive intestinal barrier permeability and the associated inflammatory processes involved in many if not most pathologies. Some diets and physical exercise are supposed to be non-pharmacological approaches to maintain the integrity of intestinal barrier function and provide its efficient operation. However, at an early age, the increased intestinal permeability has a hormetic effect and contributes to the development of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana R. Dmytriv
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | | | - Volodymyr I. Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
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Gryaznova M, Burakova I, Smirnova Y, Morozova P, Chirkin E, Gureev A, Mikhaylov E, Korneeva O, Syromyatnikov M. Effect of Probiotic Bacteria on the Gut Microbiome of Mice with Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1341. [PMID: 39065109 PMCID: PMC11278525 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the development of diseases is clear, but the specific mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the microbiome aberrations in the guts of mice against the background of LPS, as well as the anti-inflammatory effect of probiotic supplementation with Lactobacillus plantarum from the gut, a mix of commercial probiotic lactic acid bacteria, and Weissella confusa isolated from milk using next-generation sequencing. LPS injections were found to induce inflammatory changes in the intestinal mucosa. These morphological changes were accompanied by a shift in the microbiota. We found no significant changes in the microbiome with probiotic supplementation compared to the LPS group. However, when Lactobacillus plantarum and a mix of commercial probiotic lactic acid bacteria were used, the intestinal mucosa was restored. Weissella confusa did not contribute to the morphological changes of the intestinal wall or the microbiome. Changes in the microbiome were observed with probiotic supplementation of Lactobacillus plantarum and a mix of commercial probiotic lactic acid bacteria compared to the control group. In addition, when Lactobacillus plantarum was used, we observed a decrease in the enrichment of the homocysteine and cysteine interconversion pathways with an increase in the L-histidine degradation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Gryaznova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (I.B.); (Y.S.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
| | - Inna Burakova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (I.B.); (Y.S.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
| | - Yuliya Smirnova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (I.B.); (Y.S.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
| | - Polina Morozova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (I.B.); (Y.S.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (E.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Egor Chirkin
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (E.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Artem Gureev
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (E.C.); (A.G.)
| | - Evgeny Mikhaylov
- FSBSI All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy, 394061 Voronezh, Russia;
| | - Olga Korneeva
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (I.B.); (Y.S.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
| | - Mikhail Syromyatnikov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (I.B.); (Y.S.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (E.C.); (A.G.)
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24
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Mangmool S, Duangrat R, Rujirayunyong T, Anantachoke N. Anti-inflammatory effects of the Thai herbal remedy Yataprasen and biflavonoids isolated from Putranjiva roxburghii in RAW264.7 macrophages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:117997. [PMID: 38442805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yataprasen is a topical Thai herbal remedy for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain and is included in Kumpe Thart Phra Narai, the first Thai textbook of traditional medicine. The herbal preparation is made from a hydroethanolic extract of a mixture of 13 medicinal plants, of which Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. leaves are the major ingredient. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of action for the anti-inflammatory effects of the Yataprasen remedy, its main ingredients, and the phytochemicals isolated from P. roxburghii leaves. MATERIALS AND METHODS The anti-inflammatory effects of the Yataprasen remedy, along with its main ingredients, including the leaves of Baliospermum solanifolium (Burm.) Suresh, Melia azedarach L., P. roxburghii, Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby, and Tamarindus indica L. were determined by measuring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, and the synthesis of inflammatory biomarkers in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 macrophage cells. The active ingredients of the P. roxburghii leaves were separated by chromatography and spectroscopic measurements were used to identify their chemical structures. RESULTS Ethanol extracts of the Yataprasen remedy and some of its ingredients significantly suppressed LPS-induced PGE2 secretion and NO production in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of RAW264.7 cells with ethanolic extracts of the Yataprasen remedy (50 μg/mL) significantly inhibited LPS-induced mRNA expression of TNF-α, COX-2, iNOS, and NF-κB. Among the plant ingredient extracts, P. roxburghii leaf extract exhibited the highest inhibitory effects on LPS-induced TNF-α and iNOS expression. Moreover, T. indica leaf extract showed the highest activity on the inhibition of LPS-induced COX-2 and NF-κB expression. Putraflavone, podocarpusflavone A, and amentoflavone were isolated biflavonoids from P. roxburghii leaf extract and showed the inhibitory effects on LPS-induced PGE2 secretion and NO synthesis in RAW264.7 cells. Of the isolated biflavonoids, amentoflavone exhibited the strongest anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS. CONCLUSION The results support reported the anti-inflammatory effects of the Yataprasen remedy, which are associated with the downregulation of proinflammatory mediators. P. roxburghii, along with its biflavonoids, are the impact components that contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects of the herbal remedy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supachoke Mangmool
- Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Ratchanee Duangrat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | | | - Natthinee Anantachoke
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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25
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Li X, Li Q, Wang L, Ding H, Wang Y, Liu Y, Gong T. The interaction between oral microbiota and gut microbiota in atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1406220. [PMID: 38932989 PMCID: PMC11199871 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1406220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a complex disease caused by multiple pathological factors threatening human health-the pathogenesis is yet to be fully elucidated. In recent years, studies have exhibited that the onset of AS is closely involved with oral and gut microbiota, which may initiate or worsen atherosclerotic processes through several mechanisms. As for how the two microbiomes affect AS, existing mechanisms include invading plaque, producing active metabolites, releasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and inducing elevated levels of inflammatory mediators. Considering the possible profound connection between oral and gut microbiota, the effect of the interaction between the two microbiomes on the initiation and progression of AS has been investigated. Findings are oral microbiota can lead to gut dysbiosis, and exacerbate intestinal inflammation. Nevertheless, relevant research is not commendably refined and a concrete review is needed. Hence, in this review, we summarize the most recent mechanisms of the oral microbiota and gut microbiota on AS, illustrate an overview of the current clinical and epidemiological evidence to support the bidirectional connection between the two microbiomes and AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsi Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huifen Ding
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yizhong Wang
- Department of Research & Development, Zhejiang Charioteer Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Taizhou, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Gong
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal KeyLaboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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26
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Arron HE, Marsh BD, Kell DB, Khan MA, Jaeger BR, Pretorius E. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: the biology of a neglected disease. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1386607. [PMID: 38887284 PMCID: PMC11180809 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic, debilitating disease characterised by a wide range of symptoms that severely impact all aspects of life. Despite its significant prevalence, ME/CFS remains one of the most understudied and misunderstood conditions in modern medicine. ME/CFS lacks standardised diagnostic criteria owing to variations in both inclusion and exclusion criteria across different diagnostic guidelines, and furthermore, there are currently no effective treatments available. Moving beyond the traditional fragmented perspectives that have limited our understanding and management of the disease, our analysis of current information on ME/CFS represents a significant paradigm shift by synthesising the disease's multifactorial origins into a cohesive model. We discuss how ME/CFS emerges from an intricate web of genetic vulnerabilities and environmental triggers, notably viral infections, leading to a complex series of pathological responses including immune dysregulation, chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and metabolic disturbances. This comprehensive model not only advances our understanding of ME/CFS's pathophysiology but also opens new avenues for research and potential therapeutic strategies. By integrating these disparate elements, our work emphasises the necessity of a holistic approach to diagnosing, researching, and treating ME/CFS, urging the scientific community to reconsider the disease's complexity and the multifaceted approach required for its study and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley E. Arron
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Benjamin D. Marsh
- MRCPCH Consultant Paediatric Neurodisability, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - M. Asad Khan
- Directorate of Respiratory Medicine, Manchester University Hospitals, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Beate R. Jaeger
- Long COVID department, Clinic St Georg, Bad Aibling, Germany
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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27
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Sarrigeorgiou I, Rouka E, Kotsiou OS, Perlepe G, Gerovasileiou ES, Gourgoulianis KI, Lymberi P, Zarogiannis SG. Natural antibodies targeting LPS in pleural effusions of various etiologies. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L727-L735. [PMID: 38591123 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00377.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infection, cancer, and heart failure can cause abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity. The immune responses within the cavity are orchestrated by leucocytes that reside in the serosal-associated lymphoid tissue. Natural antibodies (NAbs) are abundant in the serum (S) having a major role in systemic and mucosal immunity; however, their occurrence in pleural fluid (PF) remains an open question. Our aim herein was to detect and measure the levels of NAbs (IgM, IgG, IgA) targeting lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in both the pleural fluid and the serum of 78 patients with pleural effusions (PEs) of various etiologies. The values of anti-LPS NAb activity were extracted through a normalization step regarding the total IgM, IgG, and IgA levels, all determined by in-house ELISA. In addition, the ratios of PF/S values were analyzed further with other critical biochemical parameters from pleural fluids. Anti-LPS NAbs of all Ig classes were detected in most of the samples, while a significant increase of anti-LPS activity was observed in infectious and noninfectious compared with malignant PEs. Multivariate linear regression confirmed a negative correlation of IgM and IgA anti-LPS PF/S ratio with malignancy. Moreover, anti-LPS NAbs PF/S measurements led to increased positive and negative predictive power in ROC curves generated for the discrimination between benign and malignant PEs. Our results highlight the role of anti-LPS NAbs in the pleural cavity and demonstrate the potential translational impact that should be further explored.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we describe the detection and quantification of natural antibodies (NAbs) in the human pleural cavity. We show for the first time that IgM, IgG, and IgA anti-LPS natural antibodies are detected and measured in pleural effusions of infectious, noninfectious, and malignant etiologies and provide clinical correlates to demonstrate the translational impact of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Sarrigeorgiou
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Erasmia Rouka
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ourania S Kotsiou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Garyfallia Perlepe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efrosini S Gerovasileiou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Peggy Lymberi
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Immunology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios G Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Lim H, Choe YH, Lee J, Kim GE, Hyun JW, Hyun YM. Neutrophil Migration Is Mediated by VLA-6 in the Inflamed Adipose Tissue. Immune Netw 2024; 24:e23. [PMID: 38974215 PMCID: PMC11224672 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, well known for its endocrine function, plays an immunological role in the body. The inflamed adipose tissue under LPS-induced systemic inflammation is characterized by the dominance of pro-inflammatory immune cells, particularly neutrophils. Although migration of macrophages toward damaged or dead adipocytes to form a crown-like structure in inflamed adipose tissue has been revealed, the neutrophilic interaction with adipocytes or the extracellular matrix remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated the involvement of adhesion molecules, particularly integrin α6β1, of neutrophils in adipocytes or the extracellular matrix of inflamed adipose tissue interaction. These results suggest that disrupting the adhesion between adipose tissue components and neutrophils may govern the accumulation of excessive neutrophils in inflamed tissues, a prerequisite in developing anti-inflammatory therapeutics by inhibiting inflammatory immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunseo Lim
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Young Ho Choe
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jaeho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Gi Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeju Research Center for Natural Medicine, Jeju National University College of Medicine, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Alzahrani NA, Bahaidrah KA, Mansouri RA, Aldhahri RS, Abd El-Aziz GS, Alghamdi BS. Possible Prophylactic Effects of Sulforaphane on LPS-Induced Recognition Memory Impairment Mediated by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammatory Proteins in the Prefrontal Cortex Region of the Brain. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1107. [PMID: 38791068 PMCID: PMC11118062 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents a significant global health concern, characterized by neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in AD development and progression, yet effective pharmacotherapy remains elusive. Sulforaphane (SFN), derived from cruciferous vegetables and mainly from broccoli, has shown a promising effect via in vitro and in vivo studies as a potential treatment for AD. This study aims to investigate the possible prophylactic mechanisms of SFN against prefrontal cortex (PFC)-related recognition memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration. METHODOLOGY Thirty-six Swiss (SWR/J) mice weighing 18-25 g were divided into three groups (n = 12 per group): a control group (vehicle), an LPS group (0.75 mg/kg of LPS), and an LPS + SFN group (25 mg/kg of SFN). The total duration of the study was 3 weeks, during which mice underwent treatments for the initial 2 weeks, with daily monitoring of body weight and temperature. Behavioral assessments via novel object recognition (NOR) and temporal order recognition (TOR) tasks were conducted in the final week of the study. Inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNF), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH, and CAT), and pro-oxidant (MDA) level, in addition to acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity and active (caspase-3) and phosphorylated (AMPK) levels, were evaluated. Further, PFC neuronal degeneration, Aβ content, and microglial activation were also examined using H&E, Congo red staining, and Iba1 immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS SFN pretreatment significantly improved recognition memory performance during the NOR and TOR tests. Moreover, SFN was protected from neuroinflammation and oxidative stress as well as neurodegeneration, Aβ accumulation, and microglial hyperactivity. CONCLUSION The obtained results suggested that SFN has a potential protective property to mitigate the behavioral and biochemical impairments induced by chronic LPS administration and suggested to be via an AMPK/caspase-3-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Ahmed Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.B.); (R.A.M.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Khulud Abdullah Bahaidrah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.B.); (R.A.M.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Rasha A. Mansouri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.B.); (R.A.M.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Rahaf Saeed Aldhahri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.B.); (R.A.M.); (R.S.A.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal S. Abd El-Aziz
- Department of Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Neuroscience and Geroscience Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Gontijo M, Pereira Teles M, Martins Correia H, Pérez Jorge G, Rodrigues Santos Goes IC, Fasabi Flores AJ, Braz M, de Moraes Ceseti L, Zonzini Ramos P, Rosa e Silva I, Pereira Vidigal PM, Kobarg J, Miguez Couñago R, Alvarez-Martinez CE, Pereira C, Freire CSR, Almeida A, Brocchi M. Combined effect of SAR-endolysin LysKpV475 with polymyxin B and Salmonella bacteriophage phSE-5. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2024; 170:001462. [PMID: 38739436 PMCID: PMC11170124 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Endolysins are bacteriophage (or phage)-encoded enzymes that catalyse the peptidoglycan breakdown in the bacterial cell wall. The exogenous action of recombinant phage endolysins against Gram-positive organisms has been extensively studied. However, the outer membrane acts as a physical barrier when considering the use of recombinant endolysins to combat Gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the SAR-endolysin LysKpV475 against Gram-negative bacteria as single or combined therapies, using an outer membrane permeabilizer (polymyxin B) and a phage, free or immobilized in a pullulan matrix. In the first step, the endolysin LysKpV475 in solution, alone and combined with polymyxin B, was tested in vitro and in vivo against ten Gram-negative bacteria, including highly virulent strains and multidrug-resistant isolates. In the second step, the lyophilized LysKpV475 endolysin was combined with the phage phSE-5 and investigated, free or immobilized in a pullulan matrix, against Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 13311. The bacteriostatic action of purified LysKpV475 varied between 8.125 μg ml-1 against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, 16.25 μg ml-1 against S. enterica Typhimurium ATCC 13311, and 32.50 μg ml-1 against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 and Enterobacter cloacae P2224. LysKpV475 showed bactericidal activity only for P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (32.50 μg ml-1) and P. aeruginosa P2307 (65.00 μg ml-1) at the tested concentrations. The effect of the LysKpV475 combined with polymyxin B increased against K. pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2146 [fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) 0.34; a value lower than 1.0 indicates an additive/combined effect] and S. enterica Typhimurium ATCC 13311 (FICI 0.93). A synergistic effect against S. enterica Typhimurium was also observed when the lyophilized LysKpV475 at ⅔ MIC was combined with the phage phSE-5 (m.o.i. of 100). The lyophilized LysKpV475 immobilized in a pullulan matrix maintained a significant Salmonella reduction of 2 logs after 6 h of treatment. These results demonstrate the potential of SAR-endolysins, alone or in combination with other treatments, in the free form or immobilized in solid matrices, which paves the way for their application in different areas, such as in biocontrol at the food processing stage, biosanitation of food contact surfaces and biopreservation of processed food in active food packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gontijo
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Mateus Pereira Teles
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
- Department of Biology, and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hugo Martins Correia
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Genesy Pérez Jorge
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
- Research Group Statistics and Mathematical Modeling Applied to Educational Quality (GEMMA), University of Sucre, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia
| | - Isabella Carolina Rodrigues Santos Goes
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Anthony Jhoao Fasabi Flores
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Márcia Braz
- Department of Biology, and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lucas de Moraes Ceseti
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Priscila Zonzini Ramos
- Centro de Química Medicinal, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ivan Rosa e Silva
- Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Pedro Marcus Pereira Vidigal
- Núcleo de Análise de Biomoléculas (NuBioMol), Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Jörg Kobarg
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Rafael Miguez Couñago
- Centro de Química Medicinal, Centro de Biologia Molecular e Engenharia Genética, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Cristina Elisa Alvarez-Martinez
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Carla Pereira
- Department of Biology, and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carmen S. R. Freire
- CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Adelaide Almeida
- Department of Biology, and Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Brocchi
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
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Rodas-Junco BA, Hernández-Solís SE, Serralta-Interian AA, Rueda-Gordillo F. Dental Stem Cells and Lipopolysaccharides: A Concise Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4338. [PMID: 38673923 PMCID: PMC11049850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dental tissue stem cells (DTSCs) are well known for their multipotent capacity and regenerative potential. They also play an important role in the immune response of inflammatory processes derived from caries lesions, periodontitis, and gingivitis. These oral diseases are triggered by toxins known as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) produced by gram-negative bacteria. LPS present molecular patterns associated with pathogens and are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in dental stem cells. In this review, we describe the effect of LPS on the biological behavior of DTSCs. We also focus on the molecular sensors, signaling pathways, and emerging players participating in the interaction of DTSCs with lipopolysaccharides. Although the scientific advances generated provide an understanding of the immunomodulatory potential of DTSCs, there are still new reflections to explore with regard to their clinical application in the treatment of oral inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz A. Rodas-Junco
- CONAHCYT–Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615 Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida CP 97203, Yucatán, Mexico
- Laboratorio Traslacional de Células Troncales de la Cavidad Bucal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61-A #492-A X Av. Itzaes Costado Sur “Parque de la Paz”, Col. Centro, Mérida CP 97000, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Sandra E. Hernández-Solís
- Departamento de Microbiología Oral y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61-A #492-A X Av. Itzaes Costado Sur “Parque de la Paz”, Col. Centro, Mérida CP 97000, Yucatán, Mexico; (S.E.H.-S.); (F.R.-G.)
| | - Angelica A. Serralta-Interian
- Laboratorio Traslacional de Células Troncales de la Cavidad Bucal, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61-A #492-A X Av. Itzaes Costado Sur “Parque de la Paz”, Col. Centro, Mérida CP 97000, Yucatán, Mexico;
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Campus de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Periférico Norte Kilómetro 33.5, Tablaje Catastral 13615 Chuburná de Hidalgo Inn, Mérida CP 97203, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Florencio Rueda-Gordillo
- Departamento de Microbiología Oral y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 61-A #492-A X Av. Itzaes Costado Sur “Parque de la Paz”, Col. Centro, Mérida CP 97000, Yucatán, Mexico; (S.E.H.-S.); (F.R.-G.)
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Merk D, Cox FF, Jakobs P, Prömel S, Altschmied J, Haendeler J. Dose-Dependent Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on the Endothelium-Sepsis versus Metabolic Endotoxemia-Induced Cellular Senescence. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:443. [PMID: 38671891 PMCID: PMC11047739 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The endothelium, the innermost cell layer of blood vessels, is not only a physical barrier between the bloodstream and the surrounding tissues but has also essential functions in vascular homeostasis. Therefore, it is not surprising that endothelial dysfunction is associated with most cardiovascular diseases. The functionality of the endothelium is compromised by endotoxemia, the presence of bacterial endotoxins in the bloodstream with the main endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Therefore, this review will focus on the effects of LPS on the endothelium. Depending on the LPS concentration, the outcomes are either sepsis or, at lower concentrations, so-called low-dose or metabolic endotoxemia. Sepsis, a life-threatening condition evoked by hyperactivation of the immune response, includes breakdown of the endothelial barrier resulting in failure of multiple organs. A deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms in the endothelium might help pave the way to new therapeutic options in sepsis treatment to prevent endothelial leakage and fatal septic shock. Low-dose endotoxemia or metabolic endotoxemia results in chronic inflammation leading to endothelial cell senescence, which entails endothelial dysfunction and thus plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases. The identification of compounds counteracting senescence induction in endothelial cells might therefore help in delaying the onset or progression of age-related pathologies. Interestingly, two natural plant-derived substances, caffeine and curcumin, have shown potential in preventing endothelial cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Merk
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
| | - Fiona Frederike Cox
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Translational Pharmacology, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Jakobs
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
| | - Simone Prömel
- Department of Biology, Institute of Cell Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Joachim Altschmied
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
- Medical Faculty, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, CARID, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Judith Haendeler
- Environmentally-Induced Cardiovascular Degeneration, Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.M.); (F.F.C.); (P.J.)
- Medical Faculty, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, CARID, University Hospital and Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Zhou K, Xie J, Su Y, Fang J. Lactobacillus reuteri for chronic periodontitis: focus on underlying mechanisms and future perspectives. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2024; 40:381-408. [PMID: 36856460 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2183617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis is a common oral disorder caused by pathogenic bacteria. Despite the wide use of antibiotics as the conventional adjunctive treatment, the challenges of increased antibiotic resistance and limited therapeutic effect receive considerable attention and the developments of alternative treatments gain increasing consideration. Growing evidence showed that Lactobacillus reuteri (LR) may represent a promising alternative adjunct for chronic periodontitis. It can attenuate inflammation and reduce tissue disruption. LR-assisted treatment has been shown to be effective and relatively safe in multiple clinical trials, and accumulating evidence suggests its significant biological roles. In the current review, we focus on capturing the underlying mechanisms of LR involved in chronic periodontitis, thereby representing a scientific foundation for LR-assisted therapy. Furthermore, we point out the challenges and future directions for further clinical trials to improve the clinical applicability for LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyi Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jiaman Xie
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yuan Su
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jingxian Fang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Favale N, Farina R, Carrieri A, Simonelli A, Severi M, Sabbioni S, Trombelli L, Scapoli C. Functional profile of oral plaque microbiome: Further insight into the bidirectional relationship between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis. Mol Oral Microbiol 2024; 39:62-79. [PMID: 37257865 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence support the association between the oral microbiome and human systemic diseases. This association may be attributed to the ability of many oral microbes to influence the inflammatory microenvironment. Herein, we focused our attention on the bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes using high-resolution whole metagenomic shotgun analysis to explore the composition and functional profile of the subgingival microbiome in diabetics and non-diabetics subjects with different periodontal conditions. In the present study, the abundance of metabolic pathways encoded by oral microbes was reconstructed from the metagenome, and we identified a set of dysregulated metabolic pathways significantly enriched in the periodontitis and/or diabetic patients. These pathways were mainly involved in branched and aromatic amino acids metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis and adipocytokine signaling pathways, ferroptosis and iron homeostasis, nucleotide metabolism, and finally in the peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharides synthesis. Overall, the results of the present study provide evidence in favor of the hypothesis that during the primary inflammatory challenge, regardless of whether it is induced by periodontitis or diabetes, endotoxemia and/or the release of inflammatory cytokines cause a change in precursor and/or in circulating innate immune cells. Dysbiosis and inflammation, also via oral-gut microbiome axis or adipose tissue, reduce the efficacy of the host immune response, while fueling inflammation and can induce that metabolic/epigenetic reprogramming of chromatin accessibility of genes related to the immune response. Moreover, the presence of an enhanced ferroptosis and an imbalance in purine/pyrimidine metabolism provides new insights into the role of ferroptotic death in this comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Favale
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology - Section of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Farina
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Operative Unit of Dentistry, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (A.U.S.L.), Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Carrieri
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology - Section of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Simonelli
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Operative Unit of Dentistry, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (A.U.S.L.), Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mattia Severi
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Operative Unit of Dentistry, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (A.U.S.L.), Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Sabbioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology - Section of Pathology and Applied Microbiology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Leonardo Trombelli
- Research Centre for the Study of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Operative Unit of Dentistry, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale (A.U.S.L.), Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Scapoli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology - Section of Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Lee JY, Kim JH, Choi JM, Noh BW, Kim HY, Cho EJ. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Artemisia argyi H. Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum in the LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells and DSS-Induced Colitis Model. Foods 2024; 13:998. [PMID: 38611304 PMCID: PMC11011819 DOI: 10.3390/foods13070998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by abnormal immune responses in the intestinal mucosa and gut microorganisms. Unlike other mugworts, Artemisia argyi H. (A. argyi H.) enhances antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects, but the improvement effects against gut inflammation have not yet been reported. Therefore, this study aimed to confirm the alleviation of the inflammatory state in the gut by A. argyi H. fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum (FAA), using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis models. In vitro, FAA (10, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) was pretreated into RAW 264.7 cells, followed with LPS (100 ng/mL), which induced the cell damage. Meanwhile, in vivo, FAA (100, 200 mg/kg/day) was orally administered into 6-week-old C57BL/6N mice for 3 weeks. During the last week of FAA administration, 2.5% DSS was used to induce colitis. The results showed that FAA reduced the production of nitric oxide (p < 0.0001), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 (p < 0.0001), and IL-1β (p < 0.0001) in the LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, in the DSS-induced colitis model, FAA alleviated clinical symptoms (p < 0.001), inhibited the inflammatory state by reducing the production of TNF-α (p < 0.0001) and interferon-γ in intestinal immune cells (p < 0.0001), and strengthened the intestinal barrier by increasing the number of goblet cells (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effects were confirmed by the alleviation of histological damage (p < 0.001) and down-regulation of the expression of inflammatory proteins (TLR4, p < 0.0001; MyD88, p < 0.0001; Cox-2, p < 0.0001). These results suggest the potential of FAA as a dietary ingredient for preventing inflammation in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.-H.K.); (B.W.N.)
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.-H.K.); (B.W.N.)
| | - Ji Myung Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan 48434, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Wook Noh
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.-H.K.); (B.W.N.)
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (J.-H.K.); (B.W.N.)
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Jendraszak M, Skibińska I, Kotwicka M, Andrusiewicz M. The elusive male microbiome: revealing the link between the genital microbiota and fertility. Critical review and future perspectives. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024:1-29. [PMID: 38523477 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2024.2331489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing focus on understanding the role of the male microbiome in fertility issues. Although research on the bacterial communities within the male reproductive system is in its initial phases, recent discoveries highlight notable variations in the microbiome's composition and abundance across distinct anatomical regions like the skin, foreskin, urethra, and coronary sulcus. To assess the relationship between male genitourinary microbiome and reproduction, we queried various databases, including MEDLINE (available via PubMed), SCOPUS, and Web of Science to obtain evidence-based data. The literature search was conducted using the following terms "gut/intestines microbiome," "genitourinary system microbiome," "microbiome and female/male infertility," "external genital tract microbiome," "internal genital tract microbiome," and "semen microbiome." Fifty-one relevant papers were analyzed, and eleven were strictly semen quality or male fertility related. The male microbiome, especially in the accessory glands like the prostate, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral glands, has garnered significant interest because of its potential link to male fertility and reproduction. Studies have also found differences in bacterial diversity present in the testicular tissue of normozoospermic men compared to azoospermic suggesting a possible role of bacterial dysbiosis and reproduction. Correlation between the bacterial taxa in the genital microbiota of sexual partners has also been found, and sexual activity can influence the composition of the urogenital microbiota. Exploring the microbial world within the male reproductive system and its influence on fertility opens doors to developing ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat infertility. The present work emphasizes the importance of using consistent methods, conducting long-term studies, and deepening our understanding of how the reproductive tract microbiome works. This helps make research comparable, pinpoint potential interventions, and smoothly apply microbiome insights to real-world clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jendraszak
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Izabela Skibińska
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kotwicka
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mirosław Andrusiewicz
- Chair and Department of Cell Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Tolstik TV, Kirichenko TV, Markin AM, Bogatyreva AI, Markina YV, Kiseleva DG, Shaposhnikova NN, Starodubova AV, Orekhov AN. The association of TNF-alpha secretion and mtDNA copy number in CD14 + monocytes of patients with obesity and CHD. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1362955. [PMID: 38572445 PMCID: PMC10987863 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1362955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mitochondrial dysfunction may be one of the causes of inflammatory activation of monocytes and macrophages, which leads to excessive secretion of inflammatory mediators and the development of chronic inflammation. Aims The study was aimed to evaluate the secretion of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the primary culture of monocytes, and to analyze its relationship with the number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies in the blood of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and obesity. Materials and methods 108 patients with obesity and concomitant CHD and a control group of 25 participants were included in the study. CD14+ monocytes were isolated by a standard method in a ficoll-urographin gradient, followed by separation using magnetic particles. The number of mtDNA copies was estimated using qPCR. Results It was demonstrated that the number of mtDNA copies was significantly increased in groups of patients with CHD and obesity + CHD in comparison with control group. mtDNA copy number positively correlated with basal and LPS-stimulated TNF-α secretion, the most significant correlation was found in the group of patients with CHD and obesity. Conclusion Thus, the change in mtDNA copy number in CD14+ monocytes which indicates the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction, confirm the direct involvement of mitochondria in the violation of the inflammatory response of monocytes revealed in this study as an increased secretion of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tatiana V. Kirichenko
- Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander M. Markin
- Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery, Moscow, Russia
- Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia Named After Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Diana G. Kiseleva
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Chang B, Wang Y, Tu W, Zhang Z, Pu Y, Xie L, Yuan F, Gao Y, Xu N, Yao Q. Regulatory effects of mangiferin on LPS-induced inflammatory responses and intestinal flora imbalance during sepsis. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:2068-2080. [PMID: 38455195 PMCID: PMC10916552 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest that mangiferin (MAF) has good therapeutic effects on chronic bronchitis and hepatitis. Also, it is one of the antiviral ingredients in Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. However, its effect on the LPS-induced inflammation and intestinal flora during sepsis remains unclear yet. In the present study, LPS-stimulated inflammation RAW264.7 cells and LPS-induced sepsis mice were used to evaluate the efficacy of MAF in vitro and in vivo. 16S rDNA sequencing was performed to analyze the characteristics of intestinal flora of the sepsis mice. It has been demonstrated that MAF (12.5 and 25 μg/mL) significantly inhibited protein expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, and TNF-α in the LPS-treated cells and reduced the supernatant TNF-α and IL-6 levels. In vivo, MAF (20 mg/kg) markedly protected the sepsis mice and reduced the serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Also, MAF significantly downregulated the protein expressions of TLR4, NF-κB, and MyD88 in the livers. Importantly, MAF significantly attenuated the pathological injuries of the livers and small intestines. Further, MAF significantly increased proportion of Bacteroidota and decreased the proportions of Firmicutes, Desulfobacterota, Actinobacteriota, and Proteobacteria at phylum level, and it markedly reduced the proportions of Escherichia-Shigella, Pseudoalteromonas, Staphylococcus at genus level. Moreover, MAF affects some metabolism-related pathways such as citrate cycle (TCA cycle), lipoic acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, bacterial chemotaxis, fatty acid biosynthesis, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis of the intestinal flora. Thus, it can be concluded that MAF as a treatment reduces the inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the TLR4/ MyD88/NF-κB pathway, and corrects intestinal flora imbalance during sepsis to some degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo‐tao Chang
- Department of PostgraduateGuizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangChina
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of General SurgeryThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Wen‐lian Tu
- Department of PharmacyThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Zhi‐qing Zhang
- Department of PharmacyThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Yan‐fang Pu
- Department of PharmacyThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Li Xie
- Department of PharmacyThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Fang Yuan
- Department of PharmacyThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of PharmacyThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangChina
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of PharmacyThe First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingChina
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineGuiyangChina
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Srivastava S, Mishra S, Babu G, Mohanty B. Neurotensin agonist PD149163 modulates lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation and oxidative stress in the female reproductive system of mice. Reprod Biol 2024; 24:100828. [PMID: 38029502 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2023.100828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation-mediated reproductive health problems in females have become an emerging concern. The present investigation was aimed to elucidate the efficacy of the PD149163, agonist of the type I neurotensin receptor, in preventing/ameliorating the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced inflammation of the female reproductive system of the mice. Female Swiss Albino Mice (8 weeks old) were maintained in three groups (6/group): Group I as Control, Group II and Group III were exposed to intraperitoneal (i.p) LPS (1 mg/kg bw) for 5 days followed by treatment with PD149163 (100 μg/kg BW i.p.) to Group III (LPS + PD) for 28 days. After termination of the experiment on 29th day, plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, LH, FSH, estradiol, corticosterone, oxidative stress effects in the ovary and histopathological study of the ovary and uterine horn were done. LPS-induced inflammation of the ovary and uterine horn was ameliorated/prevented by PD149163 as reflected in the reduced histopathological scores, significant elevation of the plasma anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and decrease of the pro inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6. Significant decrease of lipid peroxide, increase of antioxidant defense enzymes, Superoxide dismutase and Catalase in the ovary indicated reduction of oxidative stress. The plasma levels of the reproduction related hormones and corticosterone were restored. PD149163 acts as an anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative agent in modulation of inflammation in the female reproductive system (ovary & uterine horn). These findings suggest that the therapeutic potential of the analogs of neurotensin including PD149163 should be explored for the treatment of the female reproductive health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Swarnima Mishra
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gyan Babu
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Banalata Mohanty
- Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Lee IT, Yang CC, Yang CM. Harnessing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ agonists to induce Heme Oxygenase-1: a promising approach for pulmonary inflammatory disorders. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:125. [PMID: 38360670 PMCID: PMC10868008 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ has been extensively shown to attenuate inflammatory responses in conditions such as asthma, acute lung injury, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, as demonstrated in animal studies. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying these inhibitory effects remain largely unknown. The upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been shown to confer protective effects, including antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and immunomodulatory effects in vitro and in vivo. PPARγ is highly expressed not only in adipose tissues but also in various other tissues, including the pulmonary system. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are highly selective agonists for PPARγ and are used as antihyperglycemic medications. These observations suggest that PPARγ agonists could modulate metabolism and inflammation. Several studies have indicated that PPARγ agonists may serve as potential therapeutic candidates in inflammation-related diseases by upregulating HO-1, which in turn modulates inflammatory responses. In the respiratory system, exposure to external insults triggers the expression of inflammatory molecules, such as cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinases, and reactive oxygen species, leading to the development of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that the upregulation of HO-1 protects tissues and cells from external insults, indicating that the induction of HO-1 by PPARγ agonists could exert protective effects by inhibiting inflammatory signaling pathways and attenuating the development of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying TZD-induced HO-1 expression are not well understood. This review aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms through which PPARγ agonists induce the expression of HO-1 and explore how they protect against inflammatory and oxidative responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Taoyuan, Taoyuan, 333008, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333323, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242062, Taiwan.
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Ankudavicius V, Nikitina D, Lukosevicius R, Tilinde D, Salteniene V, Poskiene L, Miliauskas S, Skieceviciene J, Zemaitis M, Kupcinskas J. Detailed Characterization of the Lung-Gut Microbiome Axis Reveals the Link between PD-L1 and the Microbiome in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2323. [PMID: 38396998 PMCID: PMC10889071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing technologies have started a new era of respiratory tract research in recent years. Alterations in the respiratory microbiome between healthy and malignant conditions have been revealed. However, the composition of the microbiome varies among studies, even in similar medical conditions. Also, there is a lack of complete knowledge about lung-gut microbiome interactions in lung cancer patients. The aim of this study was to explore the lung-gut axis in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and the associations between lung-gut axis microbiota and clinical parameters (CRP, NLR, LPS, CD8, and PD-L1). Lung tissue and fecal samples were used for bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing. The results revealed, for the first time, that the bacterial richness in lung tumor tissue gradually decreased with an increase in the level of PD-L1 expression (p < 0.05). An analysis of β-diversity indicated a significant positive correlation between the genera Romboutsia and Alistipes in both the lung tumor biopsies and stool samples from NSCLC patients (p < 0.05). Survival analysis showed that NSCLC patients with higher bacterial richness in their stool samples had prolonged overall survival (HR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.025-4.17, p = 0.0426).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vytautas Ankudavicius
- Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Darja Nikitina
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rokas Lukosevicius
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Deimante Tilinde
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Violeta Salteniene
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lina Poskiene
- Department of Pathology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Skaidrius Miliauskas
- Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurgita Skieceviciene
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Zemaitis
- Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Kupcinskas
- Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Liu S, Yang M, Barton H, Xu W. Designed Microbial Biosynthesis of Hierarchical Bone-Mimetic Biocomposites in 3D-Printed Soft Bioreactors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5513-5521. [PMID: 38261734 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The creation of 3D biomimetic composite structures has important applications in tissue engineering, lightweight structures, drug delivery, and sensing. Previous approaches in fabricating 3D biomimetic composites have relied on blending or assembling chemically synthesized molecules or structures, making it challenging to achieve precise control of the size, geometry, and internal structure of the biomimetic composites. Here, we present a new approach for the creation of 3D bone-mimetic biocomposites with precisely controlled shape, hierarchical structure, and functionalities. Our approach is based on the integration of programmable microbial biosynthesis with 3D printing of gas-permeable and customizable bioreactors. The organic and inorganic components are bacterial cellulose and calcium hydroxyapatite via a mineral precursor, which are generated by Komagataeibacter xylinus and Bacillus simplex P6A, respectively, in 3D-printed silicone bioreactors in consecutive culturing cycles. This study is of high significance to biocomposites, biofabrication, and tissue engineering as it paves the way for the synergistic integration of microbial biosynthesis and additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Muxuan Yang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Hazel Barton
- Department of Biology, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Weinan Xu
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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Lee DY, Shin JW, Shin YJ, Han SW, Kim DH. Lactobacillus plantarum and Bifidobacterium longum Alleviate Liver Injury and Fibrosis in Mice by Regulating NF-κB and AMPK Signaling. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:149-156. [PMID: 38105432 PMCID: PMC10840473 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2310.10006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
In a preliminary study, live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) Lactobacillus plantarum LC27 and Bifidobacterium longum LC67 inhibited the secretion of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in LPS-stimulated HepG2 cells, while Escherichia coli K1 (Ec) increased ALT and ALT secretion. Therefore, we examined the effects of LC27 and LC67 on LPS-induced liver injury and fibrosis in mice and the correlation between their biomarkers in cell and animal experiments. Orally administered LC27 or LC67 significantly decreased blood ALT, AST, γ-glutamyl transferase (γGTP), TNF-α, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCh), total bile acid, and LPS levels, liver TNF-α, toll-like receptor-4 gene (Tlr4), α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), and collagen-1 expression and αSMA+GFAP+ and NF-κB+F4/80+ cell populations, and colonic Tlr4, TNF-α, and IL-6 expression and NF-κB-positive cell population in LPS-treated mice. Furthermore, they increased AMPKa phosphorylation in the liver and colon. However, Ec increased the expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in blood, liver, and colon. The suppression of LPS-stimulated ALT and AST secretion in HepG2 cells by LBPs was positively correlated with their ameliorating effects on LPS-induced blood γGTP, ALT, and AST levels and liver αSMA and collagen-1 expression in mice. Based on these findings, LC27 and LC67 may improve liver injury and fibrosis by regulating NF-κB and AMPK signaling pathway and a protocol that can assay the inhibitory activity of LBPs on LPS-induced ALT and AST secretion in HepG2 may be useful for guessing their antihepatitic effects in the in vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yun Lee
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woo Shin
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Jung Shin
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Won Han
- PB Department, NVP Healthcare, Inc., Suwon 16209, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Lomovskaya YV, Krasnov KS, Kobyakova MI, Kolotova AA, Ermakov AM, Senotov AS, Fadeeva IS, Fetisova EI, Lomovsky AI, Zvyagina AI, Akatov VS, Fadeev RS. Studying Signaling Pathway Activation in TRAIL-Resistant Macrophage-Like Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Acta Naturae 2024; 16:48-58. [PMID: 38698963 PMCID: PMC11062100 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.27317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant neoplasm characterized by extremely low curability and survival. The inflammatory microenvironment and maturation (differentiation) of AML cells induced by it contribute to the evasion of these cells from effectors of antitumor immunity. One of the key molecular effectors of immune surveillance, the cytokine TRAIL, is considered a promising platform for developing selective anticancer drugs. Previously, under in vitro conditions of the inflammatory microenvironment (a three-dimensional high-density culture of THP-1 AML cells), we demonstrated the emergence of differentiated macrophage-like THP-1ad clones resistant to TRAIL-induced death. In the present study, constitutive activation of proinflammatory signaling pathways, associated transcription factors, and increased expression of the anti-apoptotic BIRC3 gene were observed in TRAIL-resistant macrophage-like THP-1ad AML cells. For the first time, a bioinformatic analysis of the transcriptome revealed the main regulator, the IL1B gene, which triggers proinflammatory activation and induces resistance to TRAIL in THP-1ad macrophage-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. V. Lomovskaya
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - K. S. Krasnov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - M. I. Kobyakova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology, Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, 630060 Russian Federation
| | - A. A. Kolotova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - A. M. Ermakov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - A. S. Senotov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - I. S. Fadeeva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - E. I. Fetisova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - A. I. Lomovsky
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - A. I. Zvyagina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - V. S. Akatov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
| | - R. S. Fadeev
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290 Russian Federation
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Mahama CN, Louisa M, Octaviana F, Suryandari DA, Budikayanti A, Wibowo H. Investigation of Correlation between Resistance to Diazepam and Expression of Inflammatory Markers in The Peripheral Blood of Patients with Status Epilepticus. Acta Med Acad 2023; 52:169-181. [PMID: 38407083 PMCID: PMC10945326 DOI: 10.5644/ama2006-124.423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated several inflammatory markers' gene and protein expression in status epilepticus (SE) and their correlation with diazepam resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from 18 adult patients with SE in Cipto Mangunkusumo Central Hospital, consisting of 12 diazepam-responsive and six diazepam-resistant samples, within 72 hours of the onset of the seizure. We collected baseline demographic and clinical data from each subject. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated, cultured, stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1 mg/ml, and harvested for RNA isolation. The RNA was used to determine the expression of Human Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), Interleukin- 6 (IL-6), IL-10, Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4), and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). In addition, we performed serum protein assay of HMGB1, IL-6, IL-10, TLR4, and GFAP to compare with gene expression. RESULTS We found a significant difference between the responsive and resistant groups for serum HMGB1 and IL-6 concentration. The mRNA expression of HMGB1 and IL-6 was significantly higher in LPS-stimulated samples in the responsive but not in the resistant groups. The ratio of IL-6 to IL-10 showed a significant difference between LPS and control in the responsive group. Diazepam response was significantly correlated with seizure duration and serum protein concentration of HMGB1. CONCLUSION HMGB1 was highly expressed in the resistant group and strongly correlated with diazepam response, and there was a significant increase in HMGB1 mRNA expression in response to LPS stimulation. These findings suggest that targeting HMGB1 may be a promising therapeutic strategy and that HMGB1 levels could be a valuable biomarker for predicting diazepam resistance in SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corry Novita Mahama
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Melva Louisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Fitri Octaviana
- Department of Neurology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Central Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Anita Suryandari
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Astri Budikayanti
- Department of Neurology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Central Hospital, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heri Wibowo
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Choppa VSR, Liu G, Tompkins YH, Kim WK. Altered Osteogenic Differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Compact Bone of Chicken Treated with Varying Doses of Lipopolysaccharides. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1626. [PMID: 38002308 PMCID: PMC10669906 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Persistent inflammation biologically alters signaling molecules and ultimately affects osteogenic differentiation, including in modern-day broilers with unique physiology. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are Gram-negative bacterial components that activate cells via transmembrane receptor activation and other molecules. Previous studies have shown several pathways associated with osteogenic inductive ability, but the pathway has yet to be deciphered, and data related to its dose-dependent effect are limited. Primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated from the bones of day-old broiler chickens, and the current study focused on the dose-dependent variation (3.125 micrograms/mL to 50 micrograms/mL) in osteogenic differentiation and the associated biomarkers in primary MSCs. The doses in this study were determined using a cell viability (MTT) assay. The study revealed that osteogenic differentiation varied with dose, and the cells exposed to higher doses of LPS were viable but lacked differentiating ability. However, this effect became transient with lower doses, and this phenotypic character was observed with differential staining methods like Alizarin Red, Von Kossa, and alkaline phosphatase. The data from this study revealed that LPS at varying doses had a varying effect on osteogenic differentiation via several pathways acting simultaneously during bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA; (V.S.R.C.); (G.L.); (Y.H.T.)
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Say P, Nimitkul S, Bunnoy A, Na-Nakorn U, Srisapoome P. Effects of the combination of chitosan and Acinetobacter KU011TH on the growth and health performances and disease resistance of juvenile hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus × C. macrocephalus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 142:109177. [PMID: 37863127 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic animal health management has become a crucial component in the goal of increasing catfish aquaculture productivity. Additionally, hybrid catfish (Clarias gariepinus × C. macrocephalus) has been promoted as a highly profitable freshwater fish in Asia. Interestingly, the crucial diseases induced by Aeromonas hydrophila have been reported to greatly impede catfish production. To overcome this challenge, the aim was to investigate the effects of the oral administration of potentially synbiotic chitosan (CH) and Acinetobacter KU011TH (AK) on the growth performance, immunological responses, and disease resistance of hybrid catfish against A. hydrophila. The control group was fed a basal diet (A), the diet fed to treatment group B was supplemented with 20 mL of CH/kg diet (B), and the experimental feed fed to groups C-D was mixed with 1 × 108, 1 × 109 and 1 × 1010 CFU/mL AK coated with 20 mL of CH/kg diet. Five different groups of juvenile hybrid catfish were continuously fed the 5 formulated feeds for 4 weeks. The results revealed that all tested feeds did not significantly enhance the hybrid catfish's average daily gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, hematocrit and erythrocyte counts. Interestingly, the application of CH and AK significantly increased the leukocyte counts, respiratory burst, lysozyme activity, alternative complement pathway hemolytic activity, and bactericidal activity (P < 0.05). The expression levels of the immune-related genes in the whole blood, head kidney, and spleen were significantly increased after CH-AK application (P < 0.05), but this finding was not observed in the liver (P > 0.05). Additionally, after 14 days of A. hydrophila peritoneal injection, the fish in group C showed significantly higher survival rates of approximately 70.0 % compared with the control fish in groups B, D, and E (52.5 %, 40.0 %, 45.0 %, and 45.0 %, respectively) (P < 0.05). These results collectively suggest that short-term application of the diet fed to group C effectively boosted the immune responses and disease resistance of hybrid catfish against A. hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pisey Say
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sukkrit Nimitkul
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anurak Bunnoy
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Uthairat Na-Nakorn
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetics, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholayothin Rd, Ladyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapansak Srisapoome
- Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Shaffer M, Best K, Tang C, Liang X, Schulz S, Gonzalez E, White CH, Wyche TP, Kang J, Wesseling H, Topçuoğlu BD, Cairns T, Sana TR, Kaufhold RM, Maritz JM, Woelk CH, Swaminathan G, Norton JE, Pichichero ME. Very early life microbiome and metabolome correlates with primary vaccination variability in children. mSystems 2023; 8:e0066123. [PMID: 37610205 PMCID: PMC10654091 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00661-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE We show that simultaneous study of stool and nasopharyngeal microbiome reveals divergent timing and patterns of maturation, suggesting that local mucosal factors may influence microbiome composition in the gut and respiratory system. Antibiotic exposure in early life as occurs commonly, may have an adverse effect on vaccine responsiveness. Abundance of gut and/or nasopharyngeal bacteria with the machinery to produce lipopolysaccharide-a toll-like receptor 4 agonist-may positively affect future vaccine protection, potentially by acting as a natural adjuvant. The increased levels of serum phenylpyruvic acid in infants with lower vaccine-induced antibody levels suggest an increased abundance of hydrogen peroxide, leading to more oxidative stress in low vaccine-responding infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Shaffer
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katharine Best
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Catherine Tang
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xue Liang
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven Schulz
- Rochester General Hospital Research Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Eduardo Gonzalez
- Rochester General Hospital Research Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Cory H. White
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas P. Wyche
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Kang
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hendrik Wesseling
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Begüm D. Topçuoğlu
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas Cairns
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Theodore R. Sana
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robin M. Kaufhold
- Infectious Diseases and Vaccine Research, MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julia M. Maritz
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Gokul Swaminathan
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James E. Norton
- Exploratory Science Center, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael E. Pichichero
- Rochester General Hospital Research Institute, Center for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Rochester, New York, USA
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Nigdelioglu Dolanbay S, Şirin S, Aslim B. Cocktail of three isoquinoline alkaloids derived from Glaucium grandiflorum Boiss. & A. Huet subsp. refractum (Nábelek) Mory inhibits the production of LPS-induced ROS, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and mediators through the down-regulation of p38 MAPK in BV-2 cells. Fitoterapia 2023; 170:105652. [PMID: 37595642 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Glaucium grandiflorum extracts have traditionally been used to treat brain-related disorders. G. grandiflorum extracts also exhibited inhibitory effects on cholinesterase enzymes, as well as antigenotoxic activity. However, no research has been done on the effect of G. grandiflorum alkaloid extracts on the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In this study we aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of the alkaloid extract obtained from G. grandiflorum as well as the mechanisms responsible for their neuroprotective effects in neuronal damage caused by LPS in BV2 cells. We used LC-MS/MS and 1H, 13C NMR analysis to determine the presence of major alkaloids (allocryptopine, tetrahydropalmatine, and tetrahydroberberine N-oxide (trans-cannadine-N-oxide) in the alkaloid extracts. We used flow cytometry to study the alkaloid extracts' effects on ROS production; we also employed qRT-PCR and Western Blot to analyze the effects of oxidative stress and inflammation-related genes and proteins. ROS production within the cell was inhibited by chloroform alkaloid extract (CAE). There occurred marked CAE-induced reductions in IL-1β, Cox-2, and iNOS mRNA expressions. We also observed marked reductions in IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA expressions with methanol alkaloid extract (MAE). CAE effectively suppressed IL-1β and iNOS protein levels, especially as in qRT-PCR studies, while MAE effectively reduced IL-6 and TNF-α protein levels. Additionally, MAE was found to be prominent in suppressing the levels of Cox-2 protein, unlike qRT-PCR studies. According to our study findings, oxidative stress brought about by inflammation was suppressed by alkaloid extracts from G. grandiflorum which can be attributed to their suppressor effects on the pro-inflammatory cytokines-mediators, and p38 MAPK. As a result, a drug active substance that suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation has been brought to the neuropharmacological field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seda Şirin
- Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Belma Aslim
- Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
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50
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Anthonymuthu S, Sabui S, Lee K, Sheikh A, Fleckenstein JM, Said HM. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide inhibits colonic carrier-mediated uptake of thiamin pyrophosphate: roles for TLR4 receptor and NF-κB/P38/JNK signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 325:C758-C769. [PMID: 37519229 PMCID: PMC10635650 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00272.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on colonic uptake of thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP), the biologically active form of vitamin B1 that is generated by gut microbiota. We used three complementary models in our study: in vitro (human-derived colonic epithelial NCM460), ex vivo (human differentiated colonoid monolayers), and in vivo (mouse colonic tissue). The results showed that exposure of NCM460 cells to LPS leads to a significant inhibition of carrier-mediated TPP uptake as well as in decreased expression of the colonic TPP transporter (cTPPT) protein, mRNA, and heterologous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) compared with untreated controls. Similarly, exposure of human differentiated colonoid monolayers and mice to LPS caused significant inhibition in colonic carrier-mediated TPP uptake and in cTPPT protein, mRNA, and hnRNA expression. The effect of LPS on colonic TPP uptake and cTTPT expression was also found to be associated with a significant reduction in activity of the SLC44A4 promoter as well as in decreased expression of the nuclear factor Elf-3 (E74-like ETS transcription factor 3), which is needed for promoter activity. Finally, we found that knocking down the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and blocking the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), JNK, and p38 signaling pathways with the use of pharmacological inhibitors lead to significant abrogation in the degree of LPS-mediated inhibition in TPP uptake and cTPPT expression. These results demonstrated that exposure of colonic epithelia to LPS inhibits colonic TPP uptake via transcriptional mechanism(s) and that the effect is mediated via TLR4 receptor and NF-κB/p38/JNK signaling pathways.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study examined the effect of the bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the colonic uptake of thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP), the biologically active form of vitamin B1. Three complementary models were used: in vitro (human NCM460 cells), ex vivo (human colonoids), and in vivo (mice). The results showed LPS to significantly suppress TPP uptake and the expression of its transporter, and that these effects are mediated via the membrane TLR4 receptor, and involve the NF-κB/p38/JNK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Anthonymuthu
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Subrata Sabui
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States
- Department of Medical Research, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California, United States
| | - Katherine Lee
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Alaullah Sheikh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - James M Fleckenstein
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Hamid M Said
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, California, United States
- Department of Medical Research, Tibor Rubin VA Medical Center, Long Beach, California, United States
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