1
|
Kumar S, Dikshit M. Nitric Oxide: Regulation and Function in Neutrophil Immune Responses. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:998-1024. [PMID: 38251644 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Postal Staff College Area, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guzik TJ, Nosalski R, Maffia P, Drummond GR. Immune and inflammatory mechanisms in hypertension. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:396-416. [PMID: 38172242 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is a global health problem, with >1.3 billion individuals with high blood pressure worldwide. In this Review, we present an inflammatory paradigm for hypertension, emphasizing the crucial roles of immune cells, cytokines and chemokines in disease initiation and progression. T cells, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells and natural killer cells are all implicated in hypertension. Neoantigens, the NLRP3 inflammasome and increased sympathetic outflow, as well as cytokines (including IL-6, IL-7, IL-15, IL-18 and IL-21) and a high-salt environment, can contribute to immune activation in hypertension. The activated immune cells migrate to target organs such as arteries (especially the perivascular fat and adventitia), kidneys, the heart and the brain, where they release effector cytokines that elevate blood pressure and cause vascular remodelling, renal damage, cardiac hypertrophy, cognitive impairment and dementia. IL-17 secreted by CD4+ T helper 17 cells and γδ T cells, and interferon-γ and tumour necrosis factor secreted by immunosenescent CD8+ T cells, exert crucial effector roles in hypertension, whereas IL-10 and regulatory T cells are protective. Effector mediators impair nitric oxide bioavailability, leading to endothelial dysfunction and increased vascular contractility. Inflammatory effector mediators also alter renal sodium and water balance and promote renal fibrosis. These mechanisms link hypertension with obesity, autoimmunity, periodontitis and COVID-19. A comprehensive understanding of the immune and inflammatory mechanisms of hypertension is crucial for safely and effectively translating the findings to clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J Guzik
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
- Department of Medicine and Omicron Medical Genomics Laboratory, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland.
- Africa-Europe Cluster of Research Excellence (CoRE) in Non-Communicable Diseases & Multimorbidity, African Research Universities Alliance ARUA & The Guild, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Ryszard Nosalski
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Africa-Europe Cluster of Research Excellence (CoRE) in Non-Communicable Diseases & Multimorbidity, African Research Universities Alliance ARUA & The Guild, Glasgow, UK
- School of Infection & Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hao XM, Liu Y, Hailaiti D, Gong Y, Zhang XD, Yue BN, Liu JP, Wu XL, Yang KZ, Wang J, Liu QG. Mechanisms of inflammation modulation by different immune cells in hypertensive nephropathy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1333170. [PMID: 38545112 PMCID: PMC10965702 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1333170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive nephropathy (HTN) is the second leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and a chronic inflammatory disease. Persistent hypertension leads to lesions of intrarenal arterioles and arterioles, luminal stenosis, secondary ischemic renal parenchymal damage, and glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis. Studying the pathogenesis of hypertensive nephropathy is a prerequisite for diagnosis and treatment. The main cause of HTN is poor long-term blood pressure control, but kidney damage is often accompanied by the occurrence of immune inflammation. Some studies have found that the activation of innate immunity, inflammation and acquired immunity is closely related to the pathogenesis of HTN, which can cause damage and dysfunction of target organs. There are more articles on the mechanism of diabetic nephropathy, while there are fewer studies related to immunity in hypertensive nephropathy. This article reviews the mechanisms by which several different immune cells and inflammatory cytokines regulate blood pressure and renal damage in HTN. It mainly focuses on immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines and inhibitors. However, further comprehensive and large-scale studies are needed to determine the role of these markers and provide effective protocols for clinical intervention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Hao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yu Gong
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bing-Nan Yue
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Peng Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Li Wu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Zhen Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Guo Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sarejloo S, Dehesh M, Fathi M, Khanzadeh M, Lucke-Wold B, Ghaedi A, Khanzadeh S. Meta-analysis of differences in neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio between hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:283. [PMID: 37270484 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03304-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study systematically reviewed the evidence regarding differences in the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) level between hypertensive and normotensive individuals as well as between patients with dipper and non-dipper hypertension (HTN). PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched up to 20 December 2021. This was done without any limitation with regard to date, publication, or language. Pooled weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were reported. We assessed the quality of studies based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). In total, 21 studies were included in our study. There was a significant increase in NLR levels for the hypertensive group in comparison to the control group (WMD = 0.40, 95%CI = 0.22-0.57, P < 0.0001). In addition, the NLR levels were higher in the non-dipper than in the dipper group (WMD = 0.58, 95%CI = 0.19-0.97, P = 0.003). Our findings showed that hypertensive patients had higher level of NLR than normotensive individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Sarejloo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mobina Fathi
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Monireh Khanzadeh
- Geriatric & Gerontology Department, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical and Health Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arshin Ghaedi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Benson LN, Liu Y, Deck K, Mora C, Mu S. IFN- γ Contributes to the Immune Mechanisms of Hypertension. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:2164-2173. [PMID: 36591357 PMCID: PMC9802558 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0001292022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and the primary risk factor for mortality worldwide. For more than half a century, researchers have demonstrated that immunity plays an important role in the development of hypertension; however, the precise mechanisms are still under investigation. The current body of knowledge indicates that proinflammatory cytokines may play an important role in contributing to immune-related pathogenesis of hypertension. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), in particular, as an important cytokine that modulates immune responses, has been recently identified as a critical regulator of blood pressure by several groups, including us. In this review, we focus on exploring the role of IFN-γ in contributing to the pathogenesis of hypertension, outlining the various immune producers of this cytokine and described signaling mechanisms involved. We demonstrate a key role for IFN-γ in hypertension through global knockout studies and related downstream signaling pathways that IFN-γ production from CD8+ T cell (CD8T) in the kidney promoting CD8T-stimulated salt retention via renal tubule cells, thereby exacerbating hypertension. We discuss potential activators of these T cells described by the current literature and relay a novel hypothesis for activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lance N. Benson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Yunmeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Katherine Deck
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Christoph Mora
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Shengyu Mu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
cRGD enables rapid phagocytosis of liposomal vancomycin for intracellular bacterial clearance. J Control Release 2022; 344:202-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
7
|
McCarthy CG, Saha P, Golonka RM, Wenceslau CF, Joe B, Vijay-Kumar M. Innate Immune Cells and Hypertension: Neutrophils and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). Compr Physiol 2021; 11:1575-1589. [PMID: 33577121 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled immune system activation amplifies end-organ injury in hypertension. Nonetheless, the exact mechanisms initiating this exacerbated inflammatory response, thereby contributing to further increases in blood pressure (BP), are still being revealed. While participation of lymphoid-derived immune cells has been well described in the hypertension literature, the mechanisms by which myeloid-derived innate immune cells contribute to T cell activation, and subsequent BP elevation, remains an active area of investigation. In this article, we critically analyze the literature to understand how monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, including mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils, contribute to hypertension and hypertension-associated end-organ injury. The most abundant leukocytes, neutrophils, are indisputably increased in hypertension. However, it is unknown how (and why) they switch from critical first responders of the innate immune system, and homeostatic regulators of BP, to tissue-damaging, pro-hypertensive mediators. We propose that myeloperoxidase-derived pro-oxidants, neutrophil elastase, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and interactions with other innate and adaptive immune cells are novel mechanisms that could contribute to the inflammatory cascade in hypertension. We further posit that the gut microbiota serves as a set point for neutropoiesis and their function. Finally, given that hypertension appears to be a key risk factor for morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients, we put forth evidence that neutrophils and NETs cause cardiovascular injury post-coronavirus infection, and thus may be proposed as an intriguing therapeutic target for high-risk individuals. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 11:1575-1589, 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron G McCarthy
- Program in Physiological Genomics, UT Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension & Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Piu Saha
- Program in Physiological Genomics, UT Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension & Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Rachel M Golonka
- Program in Physiological Genomics, UT Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension & Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Camilla F Wenceslau
- Program in Physiological Genomics, UT Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension & Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Bina Joe
- Program in Physiological Genomics, UT Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension & Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Program in Physiological Genomics, UT Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension & Personalized Medicine, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Araos P, Figueroa S, Amador CA. The Role of Neutrophils in Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228536. [PMID: 33198361 PMCID: PMC7697449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well accepted that the immune system and some cells from adaptive and innate immunity are necessary for the initiation/perpetuation of arterial hypertension (AH). However, whether neutrophils are part of this group remains debatable. There is evidence showing that the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio correlates with AH and is higher in non-dipper patients. On the other hand, the experimental neutrophil depletion in mice reduces basal blood pressure. Nevertheless, their participation in AH is still controversial. Apparently, neutrophils may modulate the microenvironment in blood vessels by increasing oxidative stress, favoring endothelial disfunction. In addition, neutrophils may contribute to the tissue infiltration of immune cells, secreting chemoattractant chemokines/cytokines and promoting the proinflammatory phenotype, leading to AH development. In this work, we discuss the potential role of neutrophils in AH by analyzing different mechanisms proposed from clinical and basic studies, with a perspective on cardiovascular and renal damages relating to the hypertensive phenotype.
Collapse
|
9
|
Bradford KL, Pearl M, Kohn DB, Weng P, Yadin O, Bowles LV, De Oliveira SN, Moore TB. AT1R Activating Autoantibodies in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020; 26:2061-2067. [PMID: 32736008 PMCID: PMC8128374 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor activating autoantibodies (AT1R-AAs) have gained attention in solid organ transplant as non-HLA antibodies associated with rejection, vasculopathy, and graft dysfunction. These antibodies have also been reported in the context of pre-eclampsia, scleroderma, and isolated hypertension. Here, we present 3 post-hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) cases with patients demonstrating elevated levels of AT1R-AAs detected within the first year post-HSCT. All patients had hypertension, and 2 patients exhibited profound diarrhea and hypokalemia. The hypertension, in all cases, was refractory to multiple classes of antihypertensives. Upon autoantibody identification, an angiotensin receptor blocker, losartan, was promptly initiated, and all patients showed blood pressure improvement. The 2 patients with electrolyte disturbances had rapid normalization of these levels and resolution of the diarrhea. These cases demonstrate a previously unreported association of elevated AT1R-AA levels in post-HSCT patients with a rapid response to angiotensin receptor blockade initiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Bradford
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Meghan Pearl
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Donald B Kohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; The Eli & Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Patricia Weng
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ora Yadin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - La Vette Bowles
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Satiro N De Oliveira
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; The Eli & Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Theodore B Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Siedlinski M, Jozefczuk E, Xu X, Teumer A, Evangelou E, Schnabel RB, Welsh P, Maffia P, Erdmann J, Tomaszewski M, Caulfield MJ, Sattar N, Holmes MV, Guzik TJ. White Blood Cells and Blood Pressure: A Mendelian Randomization Study. Circulation 2020; 141:1307-1317. [PMID: 32148083 PMCID: PMC7176352 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.045102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High blood pressure (BP) is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. While BP is regulated by the function of kidney, vasculature, and sympathetic nervous system, recent experimental data suggest that immune cells may play a role in hypertension. METHODS We studied the relationship between major white blood cell types and blood pressure in the UK Biobank population and used Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using the ≈750 000 UK-Biobank/International Consortium of Blood Pressure-Genome-Wide Association Studies to examine which leukocyte populations may be causally linked to BP. RESULTS A positive association between quintiles of lymphocyte, monocyte, and neutrophil counts, and increased systolic BP, diastolic BP, and pulse pressure was observed (eg, adjusted systolic BP mean±SE for 1st versus 5th quintile respectively: 140.13±0.08 versus 141.62±0.07 mm Hg for lymphocyte, 139.51±0.08 versus 141.84±0.07 mm Hg for monocyte, and 137.96±0.08 versus 142.71±0.07 mm Hg for neutrophil counts; all P<10-50). Using 121 single nucleotide polymorphisms in MR, implemented through the inverse-variance weighted approach, we identified a potential causal relationship of lymphocyte count with systolic BP and diastolic BP (causal estimates: 0.69 [95% CI, 0.19-1.20] and 0.56 [95% CI, 0.23-0.90] of mm Hg per 1 SD genetically elevated lymphocyte count, respectively), which was directionally concordant to the observational findings. These inverse-variance weighted estimates were consistent with other robust MR methods. The exclusion of rs3184504 SNP in the SH2B3 locus attenuated the magnitude of the signal in some of the MR analyses. MR in the reverse direction found evidence of positive effects of BP indices on counts of monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils but not lymphocytes or basophils. Subsequent MR testing of lymphocyte count in the context of genetic correlation with renal function or resting and postexercise heart rate demonstrated a positive association of lymphocyte count with urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. CONCLUSIONS Observational and genetic analyses demonstrate a concordant, positive and potentially causal relationship of lymphocyte count with systolic BP and diastolic BP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Siedlinski
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (M.S., E.J., T.J.G.).,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (M.S., P.W., N.S., T.J.G.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Ewelina Jozefczuk
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (M.S., E.J., T.J.G.)
| | - Xiaoguang Xu
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom (X.X., M.T.)
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Department SHIP/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany (A.T.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research partner site Greifswald, Germany (A.T.)
| | - Evangelos Evangelou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (E.E.)
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- University Heart Center Hamburg Eppendorf, German Center for Cardiovascular Research partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany (R.B.S.)
| | - Paul Welsh
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (M.S., P.W., N.S., T.J.G.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pasquale Maffia
- Institute of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation (P.M.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Italy (P.M.)
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Germany (J.E.)
| | - Maciej Tomaszewski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United Kingdom (X.X., M.T.)
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at Barts, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.)
| | - Naveed Sattar
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (M.S., P.W., N.S., T.J.G.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Michael V Holmes
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (M.V.H.)
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland (M.S., E.J., T.J.G.).,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences (M.S., P.W., N.S., T.J.G.), University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stackowicz J, Jönsson F, Reber LL. Mouse Models and Tools for the in vivo Study of Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3130. [PMID: 32038641 PMCID: PMC6985372 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in human blood and critical actors of the immune system. Many neutrophil functions and facets of their activity in vivo were revealed by studying genetically modified mice or by tracking fluorescent neutrophils in animals using imaging approaches. Assessing the roles of neutrophils can be challenging, especially when exact molecular pathways are questioned or disease states are interrogated that alter normal neutrophil homeostasis. This review discusses the main in vivo models for the study of neutrophils, their advantages and limitations. The side-by-side comparison underlines the necessity to carefully choose the right model(s) to answer a given scientific question, and exhibit caveats that need to be taken into account when designing experimental procedures. Collectively, this review suggests that at least two models should be employed to legitimately conclude on neutrophil functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Stackowicz
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, UMR INSERM 1222, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Friederike Jönsson
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, UMR INSERM 1222, Paris, France
| | - Laurent L Reber
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, UMR INSERM 1222, Paris, France.,Center for Pathophysiology Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), UMR 1043, University of Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hultström M, Becirovic-Agic M, Jönsson S. Comparison of acute kidney injury of different etiology reveals in-common mechanisms of tissue damage. Physiol Genomics 2017; 50:127-141. [PMID: 29341864 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00037.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome of reduced glomerular filtration rate and urine production caused by a number of different diseases. It is associated with renal tissue damage. This tissue damage can cause tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis that leads to nephron loss and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review describes the in-common mechanisms behind tissue damage in AKI caused by different underlying diseases. Comparing six high-quality microarray studies of renal gene expression after AKI in disease models (gram-negative sepsis, gram-positive sepsis, ischemia-reperfusion, malignant hypertension, rhabdomyolysis, and cisplatin toxicity) identified 5,254 differentially expressed genes in at least one of the AKI models; 66% of genes were found only in one model, showing that there are unique features to AKI depending on the underlying disease. There were in-common features in the form of four genes that were differentially expressed in all six models, 49 in at least five, and 215 were found in common between at least four models. Gene ontology enrichment analysis could be broadly categorized into the injurious processes hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as the cellular outcomes of cell death and tissue remodeling in the form of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Pathway analysis showed that MYC is a central connection in the network of activated genes in-common to AKI, which suggests that it may be a central regulator of renal gene expression in tissue injury during AKI. The outlining of this molecular network may be useful for understanding progression from AKI to CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hultström
- Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.,Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Mediha Becirovic-Agic
- Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Sofia Jönsson
- Integrative Physiology, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ando M, Matsumoto T, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Poly (I:C) impairs NO donor-induced relaxation by overexposure to NO via the NF-kappa B/iNOS pathway in rat superior mesenteric arteries. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 112:553-566. [PMID: 28870522 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested a link between vascular dysfunction and innate immune activation including toll-like receptors (TLRs), but the detailed mechanism remains unclear. Here we investigated whether poly (I:C) [a synthetic double-strand RNA recognized by TLR3, melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)] affected nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP-related vascular relaxation, one of the major cascades of relaxation, in rat superior mesenteric arteries. Using organ-cultured arteries, we found that poly (I:C) (30μg/mL for approximately 1 day) markedly reduced sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced relaxation (vs. vehicle); this was prevented by co-treatment with a TLR3 inhibitor. Relaxation induced by 8-Br cGMP (a phosphodiesterase (PDE)-resistant cGMP analogue) and the expression of proteins related to NO/cGMP signaling did not differ between vehicle- and poly (I:C)-treated groups. When PDEs were inhibited by IBMX (a nonselective PDE inhibitor), the SNP-induced relaxation was still greatly reduced in poly (I:C)-treated arteries (vs. vehicle). Poly (I:C) reduced SNP-stimulated cGMP production, but increased NO production and iNOS expression (vs. vehicle). The impairment of SNP-induced relaxation by poly (I:C) was prevented by co-treatment with either iNOS or a nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitor. This effect induced by poly (I:C) appeared to be independent of oxidative stress. The SNP-induced relaxation was reduced in freshly isolated arteries by pre-incubation with SNP in a concentration-dependent manner. Poly (I:C) did not alter protein levels of TLR3, TRIF/TICAM-1, or phospho-IRF3/IRF3, whereas RIG-I and MDA5 were significantly upregulated (vs. vehicle). These results suggest that poly (I:C) impairs NO donor-induced relaxation in rat superior mesenteric arteries via overexposure to NO produced by the NF-κB/iNOS pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Ando
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nosalski R, McGinnigle E, Siedlinski M, Guzik TJ. Novel Immune Mechanisms in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2017; 11:12. [PMID: 28360962 PMCID: PMC5339316 DOI: 10.1007/s12170-017-0537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypertension is a common disorder with substantial impact on public health due to highly elevated cardiovascular risk. The mechanisms still remain unclear and treatments are not sufficient to reduce risk in majority of patients. Inflammatory mechanisms may provide an important mechanism linking hypertension and cardiovascular risk. We aim to review newly identified immune and inflammatory mechanisms of hypertension with focus on their potential therapeutic impact. RECENT FINDINGS In addition to the established role of the vasculature, kidneys and central nervous system in pathogenesis of hypertension, low-grade inflammation contributes to this disorder as indicated by experimental models and GWAS studies pointing to SH2B3 immune gene as top key driver of hypertension. Immune responses in hypertension are greatly driven by neoantigens generated by oxidative stress and modulated by chemokines such as RANTES, IP-10 and microRNAs including miR-21 and miR-155 with other molecules under investigation. Cells of both innate and adoptive immune system infiltrate vasculature and kidneys, affecting their function by releasing pro-inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species. SUMMARY Immune and inflammatory mechanisms of hypertension provide a link between high blood pressure and increased cardiovascular risk, and reduction of blood pressure without attention to these underlying mechanisms is not sufficient to reduce risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Nosalski
- BHF Centre for Excellence Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland UK
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Eilidh McGinnigle
- BHF Centre for Excellence Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland UK
| | - Mateusz Siedlinski
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz J. Guzik
- BHF Centre for Excellence Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland UK
- Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Application of Immunohistochemistry in Toxicologic Pathology of the Hematolymphoid System. IMMUNOPATHOLOGY IN TOXICOLOGY AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47377-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
16
|
Wang L, Zhao XC, Cui W, Ma YQ, Ren HL, Zhou X, Fassett J, Yang YZ, Chen Y, Xia YL, Du J, Li HH. Genetic and Pharmacologic Inhibition of the Chemokine Receptor CXCR2 Prevents Experimental Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction. Circulation 2016; 134:1353-1368. [PMID: 27678262 PMCID: PMC5084654 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.020754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: The recruitment of leukocytes to the vascular wall is a key step in hypertension development. Chemokine receptor CXCR2 mediates inflammatory cell chemotaxis in several diseases. However, the role of CXCR2 in hypertension development and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Methods: Angiotensin II (490 ng·kg-1·min-1) or deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) salt–induced mouse hypertensive models in genetic ablation, pharmacologic inhibition of CXCR2, and adoptive bone marrow transfer mice were used to determine the role of CXCR2 in hypertension (measured by radiotelemetry and tail-cuff system), inflammation (verified by flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction [PCR] analysis), vascular remodeling (studied by haematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining), vascular dysfunction (assessed by aortic ring), and oxidative stress (indicated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH] oxidase activity, dihydroethidium staining, and quantitative real-time PCR analysis). Moreover, the blood CXCR2+ cells in normotensive controls and hypertension patients were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: Angiotensin II significantly upregulated the expression of CXCR2 mRNA and protein and increased the number of CD45+ CXCR2+ cells in mouse aorta (n=8 per group). Selective CXCR2 knockout (CXCR2-/-) or pharmacological inhibition of CXCR2 markedly reduced angiotensin II- or DOCA-salt-induced blood pressure elevation, aortic thickness and collagen deposition, accumulation of proinflammatory cells into the vascular wall, and expression of cytokines (n=8 per group). CXCR2 inhibition also ameliorated angiotensin II-induced vascular dysfunction and reduced vascular superoxide formation, NADPH activity, and expression of NADPH oxidase subunits (n=6 per group). Bone marrow reconstitution of wild-type mice with CXCR2-/- bone marrow cells also significantly abolished angiotensin II-induced responses (n=6 per group). It is important to note that CXCR2 blockade reversed established hypertension induced by angiotensin II or DOCA-salt challenge (n=10 per group). Furthermore, we demonstrated that CXCR2+ proinflammatory cells were higher in hypertensive patients (n=30) compared with normotensive individuals (n=20). Conclusions: Infiltration of CXCR2+ cells plays a pathogenic role in arterial hypertension and vascular dysfunction. Inhibition of CXCR2 pathway may represent a novel therapeutic approach to treat hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Xue-Chen Zhao
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Wei Cui
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Yong-Qiang Ma
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Hua-Liang Ren
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Xin Zhou
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - John Fassett
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Yan-Zong Yang
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Yingjie Chen
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Yun-Long Xia
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Jie Du
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.)
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- From Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., X.-C.Z., Y.Z.Z., Y.-L.X., H.-H.L.); Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (W.C., J.D.); Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Pingjin Hospital Heart Center, Tianjin, China (Y.-Q.M., X.Z.); Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (H.-L.R.); Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria (J.F.); Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (Y.C.); and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Advanced Institute of Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (H.-H.L.).
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Karbach SH, Schönfelder T, Brandão I, Wilms E, Hörmann N, Jäckel S, Schüler R, Finger S, Knorr M, Lagrange J, Brandt M, Waisman A, Kossmann S, Schäfer K, Münzel T, Reinhardt C, Wenzel P. Gut Microbiota Promote Angiotensin II-Induced Arterial Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003698. [PMID: 27577581 PMCID: PMC5079031 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The gut microbiome is essential for physiological host responses and development of immune functions. The impact of gut microbiota on blood pressure and systemic vascular function, processes that are determined by immune cell function, is unknown. Methods and Results Unchallenged germ‐free mice (GF) had a dampened systemic T helper cell type 1 skewing compared to conventionally raised (CONV‐R) mice. Colonization of GF mice with regular gut microbiota induced lymphoid mRNA transcription of T‐box expression in T cells and resulted in mild endothelial dysfunction. Compared to CONV‐R mice, angiotensin II (AngII; 1 mg/kg per day for 7 days) infused GF mice showed reduced reactive oxygen species formation in the vasculature, attenuated vascular mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and NADPH oxidase subunit Nox2, as well as a reduced upregulation of retinoic‐acid receptor‐related orphan receptor gamma t (Rorγt), the signature transcription factor for interleukin (IL)‐17 synthesis. This resulted in an attenuated vascular leukocyte adhesion, less infiltration of Ly6G+ neutrophils and Ly6C+ monocytes into the aortic vessel wall, protection from kidney inflammation, as well as endothelial dysfunction and attenuation of blood pressure increase in response to AngII. Importantly, cardiac inflammation, fibrosis and systolic dysfunction were attenuated in GF mice, indicating systemic protection from cardiovascular inflammatory stress induced by AngII. Conclusion Gut microbiota facilitate AngII‐induced vascular dysfunction and hypertension, at least in part, by supporting an MCP‐1/IL‐17 driven vascular immune cell infiltration and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne H Karbach
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany Center for Cardiology, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Schönfelder
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ines Brandão
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eivor Wilms
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nives Hörmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Jäckel
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rebecca Schüler
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefanie Finger
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maike Knorr
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany Center for Cardiology, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jeremy Lagrange
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Moritz Brandt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany Center for Cardiology, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Kossmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany Center for Cardiology, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katrin Schäfer
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany Center for Cardiology, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany Center for Cardiology, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| | - Philip Wenzel
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis Mainz, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany Center for Cardiology, Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Beiter T, Fragasso A, Hartl D, Nieß AM. Neutrophil extracellular traps: a walk on the wild side of exercise immunology. Sports Med 2016; 45:625-40. [PMID: 25504501 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Intense exercise evokes a rapid and transient increase in circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA), a phenomenon that is commonly observed in a variety of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. While the potential value of cf-DNA for the prediction of disease outcome and therapeutic response is well documented, the release mechanisms and biological relevance of cf-DNA have long remained enigmatic. The discovery of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) provided a novel mechanistic explanation for increased cf-DNA levels. Now there is increasing evidence that NETs may contribute to cf-DNA in diverse infectious, non-infectious and autoinflammatory conditions, as well as in response to acute exercise. NETs have now been firmly established as a fundamental immune mechanism used by neutrophils to respond to infection and tissue injury. On the other side, aberrant formation of NETs appears to be a driving force in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity and cardiovascular disease. Thus, the emergence of NETs in the 'exercising vasculature' raises important questions considering beneficial effects, as well as occasional adverse effects, of exercise on immune homeostasis. This review gives an overview of the current state of research into the mechanisms of how NETs are released, contribute to host defence and participate in inflammatory disorders. We discuss the impact of exercise-induced NETs, considering a potentially beneficial role in the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases, as well as putative detrimental effects that may arise in elite sports. Finally, we propose that exercise-induced cf-DNA responses could be exploited for diagnostic/prognostic purposes to identify individuals who are at increased risk of cardiovascular events or autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Beiter
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 6, 72076, Tübingen, Germany,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bucher K, Schmitt F, Autenrieth SE, Dillmann I, Nürnberg B, Schenke-Layland K, Beer-Hammer S. Fluorescent Ly6G antibodies determine macrophage phagocytosis of neutrophils and alter the retrieval of neutrophils in mice. J Leukoc Biol 2015; 98:365-72. [PMID: 26019296 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1ab1014-488rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescently labeled Ly6G antibodies enable the tracking of neutrophils in mice, whereas purified anti-Ly6G rapidly depletes neutrophils from the circulation. The mechanisms underlying neutrophil depletion are still under debate. Here, we examined how identical Ly6G antibodies coupled to different fluorochromes affect neutrophil fate in vivo. BM cells stained with Ly6G antibodies were injected into mice. The number of retrieved anti-Ly6G-FITC(+) cells was reduced significantly in comparison with anti-Ly6G-APC(+) or anti-Ly6G-PE(+) cells. Flow cytometry and multispectral imaging flow cytometry analyses revealed that anti-Ly6G-FITC(+) neutrophils were preferentially phagocytosed by BMMs in vitro and by splenic, hepatic, and BM macrophages in vivo. Direct antibody injection of anti-Ly6G-FITC but not anti-Ly6G-PE depleted neutrophils to the same degree as purified anti-Ly6G, indicating that the FITC-coupled antibody eliminates neutrophils by a similar mechanism as the uncoupled antibody. With the use of a protein G-binding assay, we demonstrated that APC and PE but not FITC coupling inhibited access to interaction sites on the anti-Ly6G antibody. We conclude the following: 1) that neutrophil phagocytosis by macrophages is a central mechanism in anti-Ly6G-induced neutrophil depletion and 2) that fluorochrome-coupling can affect functional properties of anti-Ly6G antibodies, thereby modifying macrophage uptake of Ly6G-labeled neutrophils and neutrophil retrieval following adoptive cell transfer or injection of fluorescent anti-Ly6G.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Bucher
- *Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and University Women's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany; and Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fee Schmitt
- *Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and University Women's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany; and Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stella E Autenrieth
- *Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and University Women's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany; and Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Inken Dillmann
- *Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and University Women's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany; and Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Bernd Nürnberg
- *Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and University Women's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany; and Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- *Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and University Women's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany; and Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sandra Beer-Hammer
- *Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapy, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, and University Women's Hospital, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany; Department of Cell and Tissue Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology, Stuttgart, Germany; and Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Huan T, Esko T, Peters MJ, Pilling LC, Schramm K, Schurmann C, Chen BH, Liu C, Joehanes R, Johnson AD, Yao C, Ying SX, Courchesne P, Milani L, Raghavachari N, Wang R, Liu P, Reinmaa E, Dehghan A, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Hernandez DG, Bandinelli S, Singleton A, Melzer D, Metspalu A, Carstensen M, Grallert H, Herder C, Meitinger T, Peters A, Roden M, Waldenberger M, Dörr M, Felix SB, Zeller T, Vasan R, O'Donnell CJ, Munson PJ, Yang X, Prokisch H, Völker U, van Meurs JBJ, Ferrucci L, Levy D. A meta-analysis of gene expression signatures of blood pressure and hypertension. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005035. [PMID: 25785607 PMCID: PMC4365001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have uncovered numerous genetic variants (SNPs) that are associated with blood pressure (BP). Genetic variants may lead to BP changes by acting on intermediate molecular phenotypes such as coded protein sequence or gene expression, which in turn affect BP variability. Therefore, characterizing genes whose expression is associated with BP may reveal cellular processes involved in BP regulation and uncover how transcripts mediate genetic and environmental effects on BP variability. A meta-analysis of results from six studies of global gene expression profiles of BP and hypertension in whole blood was performed in 7017 individuals who were not receiving antihypertensive drug treatment. We identified 34 genes that were differentially expressed in relation to BP (Bonferroni-corrected p<0.05). Among these genes, FOS and PTGS2 have been previously reported to be involved in BP-related processes; the others are novel. The top BP signature genes in aggregate explain 5%–9% of inter-individual variance in BP. Of note, rs3184504 in SH2B3, which was also reported in GWAS to be associated with BP, was found to be a trans regulator of the expression of 6 of the transcripts we found to be associated with BP (FOS, MYADM, PP1R15A, TAGAP, S100A10, and FGBP2). Gene set enrichment analysis suggested that the BP-related global gene expression changes include genes involved in inflammatory response and apoptosis pathways. Our study provides new insights into molecular mechanisms underlying BP regulation, and suggests novel transcriptomic markers for the treatment and prevention of hypertension. The focus of blood pressure (BP) GWAS has been the identification of common DNA sequence variants associated with the phenotype; this approach provides only one dimension of molecular information about BP. While it is a critical dimension, analyzing DNA variation alone is not sufficient for achieving an understanding of the multidimensional complexity of BP physiology. The top loci identified by GWAS explain only about 1 percent of inter-individual BP variability. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of gene expression profiles in relation to BP and hypertension in 7017 individuals from six studies. We identified 34 differentially expressed genes for BP, and discovered that the top BP signature genes explain 5%–9% of BP variability. We further linked BP gene expression signature genes with BP GWAS results by integrating expression associated SNPs (eSNPs) and discovered that one of the top BP loci from GWAS, rs3184504 in SH2B3, is a trans regulator of expression of 6 of the top 34 BP signature genes. Our study, in conjunction with prior GWAS, provides a deeper understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of BP regulation, and identifies several potential targets and pathways for the treatment and prevention of hypertension and its sequelae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Huan
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Division of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Marjolein J. Peters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI‐NCHA), Leiden and Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Luke C. Pilling
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Katharina Schramm
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Claudia Schurmann
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Genetics of Obesity & Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Brian H. Chen
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chunyu Liu
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Roby Joehanes
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Johnson
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chen Yao
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sai-xia Ying
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Paul Courchesne
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Nalini Raghavachari
- Division of Geriatrics and Clinical Gerontology National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard Wang
- Genomics Core facility Genetics & Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Poching Liu
- Genomics Core facility Genetics & Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eva Reinmaa
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI‐NCHA), Leiden and Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI‐NCHA), Leiden and Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André G. Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI‐NCHA), Leiden and Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dena G. Hernandez
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Andrew Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Melzer
- Epidemiology and Public Health Group, Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | | | - Maren Carstensen
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melanie Waldenberger
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München—German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Internal Medicine B—Cardiology, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan B. Felix
- University Medicine Greifswald, Department of Internal Medicine B—Cardiology, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Universitäres Herzzentrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Ramachandran Vasan
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christopher J. O'Donnell
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter J. Munson
- Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DL); (LF); (JBJvM); (HP); (UV); (XY)
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München–German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
- * E-mail: (DL); (LF); (JBJvM); (HP); (UV); (XY)
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- * E-mail: (DL); (LF); (JBJvM); (HP); (UV); (XY)
| | - Joyce B. J. van Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Genomics Initiative–sponsored Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NGI‐NCHA), Leiden and Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail: (DL); (LF); (JBJvM); (HP); (UV); (XY)
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DL); (LF); (JBJvM); (HP); (UV); (XY)
| | - Daniel Levy
- The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DL); (LF); (JBJvM); (HP); (UV); (XY)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Marchi L, Sesti-Costa R, Ignacchiti M, Chedraoui-Silva S, Mantovani B. In vitro activation of mouse neutrophils by recombinant human interferon-gamma: Increased phagocytosis and release of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 18:228-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
22
|
Jyoti A, Singh AK, Dubey M, Kumar S, Saluja R, Keshari RS, Verma A, Chandra T, Kumar A, Bajpai VK, Barthwal MK, Dikshit M. Interaction of inducible nitric oxide synthase with rac2 regulates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation in the human neutrophil phagosomes: implication in microbial killing. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 20:417-31. [PMID: 23875749 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.4970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Present study explores importance of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and its interaction with Rac2 in reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generation, protein-nitration and in microbial killing by neutrophils. RESULTS The iNOS transcript and protein were constitutively present in human as well as in mice neutrophils. iNOS protein was found in cytosol, granules containing elastase and gelatinase, and in other subcellular organelles in resting human neutrophils. After phagocytosis of bovine serum albumin (BSA) coated beads, both human and mice neutrophils showed significant elevation in superoxide radicals, nitric oxide (NO), ROS/RNS and consequent BSA nitration. These responses were significantly reduced in presence of iNOS, NADPH oxidase (NOX), myeloperoxidase or Rac inhibitors, as well as in iNOS, Nox2 and Rac2 silenced human or iNOS-knockout mice neutrophils. Complex formed on interaction of iNOS with Rac2 coprecipitated with anti-Rac2, predominantly in cytosol in resting human neutrophils, while iNOS-Rac2 complex translocated to phagosomes after phagocytosis. This was accompanied by generation of superoxide radicals, NO, ROS/RNS and consequent BSA-nitration. Importance of Rac2 in iNOS mediated NO formation and microbial killing was confirmed by pretreatment of mice with Rac inhibitor, NSC23766 that significantly abrogated NO release and microbial killing in vivo. INNOVATION Present study highlights previously undefined role of Rac2-iNOS interaction, in translocation of iNOS to phagosomal compartment and consequent NO, superoxide radicals, ROS/RNS generation, BSA nitration and microbial killing. CONCLUSIONS Altogether results obtained demonstrate the role of iNOS in NO and ROS/RNS generation, after phagocytosis of coated latex beads by human polymorphonuclear neutrophils. These studies imply functional importance of iNOS and its interaction with Rac2 in pathogen killing by the neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anupam Jyoti
- 1 Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wood KC, Cortese-Krott MM, Kovacic JC, Noguchi A, Liu VB, Wang X, Raghavachari N, Boehm M, Kato GJ, Kelm M, Gladwin MT. Circulating blood endothelial nitric oxide synthase contributes to the regulation of systemic blood pressure and nitrite homeostasis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:1861-71. [PMID: 23702660 PMCID: PMC3864011 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.301068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mice genetically deficient in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS(-/-)) are hypertensive with lower circulating nitrite levels, indicating the importance of constitutively produced nitric oxide (NO•) to blood pressure regulation and vascular homeostasis. Although the current paradigm holds that this bioactivity derives specifically from the expression of eNOS in endothelium, circulating blood cells also express eNOS protein. A functional red cell eNOS that modulates vascular NO• signaling has been proposed. APPROACH AND RESULTS To test the hypothesis that blood cells contribute to mammalian blood pressure regulation via eNOS-dependent NO• generation, we cross-transplanted wild-type and eNOS(-/-) mice, producing chimeras competent or deficient for eNOS expression in circulating blood cells. Surprisingly, we observed a significant contribution of both endothelial and circulating blood cell eNOS to blood pressure and systemic nitrite levels, the latter being a major component of the circulating NO• reservoir. These effects were abolished by the NOS inhibitor L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester and repristinated by the NOS substrate L-arginine and were independent of platelet or leukocyte depletion. Mouse erythrocytes were also found to carry an eNOS protein and convert (14)C-arginine into (14)C-citrulline in NOS-dependent fashion. CONCLUSIONS These are the first studies to definitively establish a role for a blood-borne eNOS, using cross-transplant chimera models, that contributes to the regulation of blood pressure and nitrite homeostasis. This work provides evidence suggesting that erythrocyte eNOS may mediate this effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine C. Wood
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miriam M. Cortese-Krott
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jason C. Kovacic
- Translational Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Audrey Noguchi
- Murine Phenotyping Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Virginia B. Liu
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xunde Wang
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nalini Raghavachari
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Manfred Boehm
- Translational Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gregory J. Kato
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Malte Kelm
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University of Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mark T. Gladwin
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lee PY, Wang JX, Parisini E, Dascher CC, Nigrovic PA. Ly6 family proteins in neutrophil biology. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:585-94. [PMID: 23543767 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0113014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The murine Ly6 complex was identified 35 years ago using antisera to lymphocytes. With advances in mAb development, molecular cloning, and genome sequencing, >20 structurally related genes have been identified within this complex on chromosome 15. All members of the Ly6 family and their human homologues share the highly conserved LU domain and most also possess a GPI anchor. Interestingly, many Ly6 proteins are expressed in a lineage-specific fashion, and their expression often correlates with stages of differentiation. As a result, Ly6 proteins are frequently used as surface markers for leukocyte subset identification and targets for antibody-mediated depletion. Murine neutrophils display prominent surface expression of several Ly6 proteins, including Ly6B, Ly6C, and Ly6G. Although the physiology of most Ly6 proteins is not well understood, a role in neutrophil functions, such as migration, is recognized increasingly. In this review, we will provide an overview of the Ly6 complex and discuss, in detail, the specific Ly6 proteins implicated in neutrophil biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pui Y Lee
- 1.Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, One Jimmy Fund Way, Smith 516c, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Desai PC, Deal AM, Brittain JE, Jones S, Hinderliter A, Ataga KI. Decades after the cooperative study: a re-examination of systemic blood pressure in sickle cell disease. Am J Hematol 2012; 87:E65-8. [PMID: 22718523 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Payal C Desai
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rehg JE, Bush D, Ward JM. The utility of immunohistochemistry for the identification of hematopoietic and lymphoid cells in normal tissues and interpretation of proliferative and inflammatory lesions of mice and rats. Toxicol Pathol 2012; 40:345-74. [PMID: 22434870 DOI: 10.1177/0192623311430695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Expression of antigens in cells and tissues can be readily studied immunohistochemically with the use of antibodies. A panel of antibodies to cell-specific markers can be used to diagnose lesions, including tumors, in the hematopoietic and lymphoid systems. This review discusses the use of readily available antibodies and procedures to identify antigens expressed in normal tissues and in proliferative and inflammatory lesions in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) murine specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerold E Rehg
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gallic Acid Enriched Fraction of Phyllanthus emblica Potentiates Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer Healing via e-NOS-Dependent Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:487380. [PMID: 22966242 PMCID: PMC3433150 DOI: 10.1155/2012/487380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 07/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The healing activity of gallic acid enriched ethanolic extract (GAE) of Phyllanthus emblica fruits (amla) against the indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration in mice was investigated. The activity was correlated with the ability of GAE to alter the cyclooxygenase- (COX-) dependent healing pathways. Histology of the stomach tissues revealed maximum ulceration on the 3rd day after indomethacin (18 mg/kg, single dose) administration that was associated with significant increase in inflammatory factors, namely, mucosal myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) expression. Proangiogenic parameters such as the levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), von Willebrand Factor VIII, and endothelial NOS (e-NOS) were downregulated by indomethacin. Treatment with GAE (5 mg/kg/day) and omeprazole (3 mg/kg/day) for 3 days led to effective healing of the acute ulceration, while GAE could reverse the indomethacin-induced proinflammatory changes of the designated biochemical parameters. The ulcer healing activity of GAE was, however, compromised by coadministration of the nonspecific NOS inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), but not the i-NOS-specific inhibitor, L-N6-(1-iminoethyl) lysine hydrochloride (L-NIL). Taken together, these results suggested that the GAE treatment accelerates ulcer healing by inducing PGE2 synthesis and augmenting e-NOS/i-NOS ratio.
Collapse
|
28
|
Tian N, Penman AD, Manning RD, Flessner MF, Mawson AR. Association between circulating specific leukocyte types and incident chronic kidney disease: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 6:100-8. [PMID: 22054781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Revised: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Progressive renal fibrosis is a characteristic of all the diseases that cause renal failure and is invariably accompanied by a prominent leukocyte infiltration in the kidney. The goal of this study was to determine the association between the circulating specific leukocyte types and incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). In a cohort of 10,056 middle-aged white and African American adults, levels of circulating neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes were measured at baseline; blood pressure (BP) and serum creatinine were measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated at baseline and 3 and 9 years later; and surveillance for first hospitalization or death with CKD was carried out over a mean follow-up of 7.4 years (maximum, 11.9 years). Increased neutrophil levels and decreased lymphocyte levels were significantly associated with greater CKD incidence after adjustment for covariates. African Americans tended to have similar but stronger patterns of association between circulating leukocytes and CKD incidence than whites, although the differences between race groups were not statistically significant. We also found that eGFR and BP were higher at each visit in African Americans than whites between ages 45 and 65. These findings support a potential role for circulating specific leukocytes in the pathogenesis of kidney dysfunction, especially in African Americans, indicating the leukocyte-related renal mechanism of essential hypertension (HT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niu Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wenzel P, Knorr M, Kossmann S, Stratmann J, Hausding M, Schuhmacher S, Karbach SH, Schwenk M, Yogev N, Schulz E, Oelze M, Grabbe S, Jonuleit H, Becker C, Daiber A, Waisman A, Münzel T. Lysozyme M-positive monocytes mediate angiotensin II-induced arterial hypertension and vascular dysfunction. Circulation 2011; 124:1370-81. [PMID: 21875910 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.111.034470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin II (ATII), a potent vasoconstrictor, causes hypertension, promotes infiltration of myelomonocytic cells into the vessel wall, and stimulates both vascular and inflammatory cell NADPH oxidases. The predominant source of reactive oxygen species, eg, vascular (endothelial, smooth muscle, adventitial) versus phagocytic NADPH oxidase, and the role of myelomonocytic cells in mediating arterial hypertension have not been defined yet. METHODS AND RESULTS Angiotensin II (1 mg · kg(-1) · d(-1) for 7 days) increased the number of both CD11b(+)Gr-1(low)F4/80(+) macrophages and CD11b(+)Gr-1(high)F4/80(-) neutrophils in mouse aorta (verified by flow cytometry). Selective ablation of lysozyme M-positive (LysM(+)) myelomonocytic cells by low-dose diphtheria toxin in mice with inducible expression of the diphtheria toxin receptor (LysM(iDTR) mice) reduced the number of monocytes in the circulation and limited ATII-induced infiltration of these cells into the vascular wall, whereas the number of neutrophils was not reduced. Depletion of LysM(+) cells attenuated ATII-induced blood pressure increase (measured by radiotelemetry) and vascular endothelial and smooth muscle dysfunction (assessed by aortic ring relaxation studies) and reduced vascular superoxide formation (measured by chemiluminescence, cytochrome c assay, and oxidative fluorescence microtopography) and the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits gp91(phox) and p67(phox) (assessed by Western blot and mRNA reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction). Adoptive transfer of wild-type CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) monocytes into depleted LysM(iDTR) mice reestablished ATII-induced vascular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and arterial hypertension, whereas transfer of CD11b(+)Gr-1(+) neutrophils or monocytes from gp91(phox) or ATII receptor type 1 knockout mice did not. CONCLUSIONS- Infiltrating monocytes with a proinflammatory phenotype and macrophages rather than neutrophils appear to be essential for ATII-induced vascular dysfunction and arterial hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Wenzel
- 2(nd) Medical Clinic, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Adhikary B, Yadav SK, Bandyopadhyay SK, Chattopadhyay S. Role of the COX-independent pathways in the ulcer-healing action of epigallocatechin gallate. Food Funct 2011; 2:338-47. [PMID: 21779572 DOI: 10.1039/c0fo00183j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of the cyclooxygenase-independent pathway by the green tea-derived polyphenol, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) during its healing action against indomethacin (IND)-induced stomach ulceration in mice was investigated. On the 3rd day of its administration, IND (18 mg kg(-1)) induced maximum stomach ulceration which was associated with increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (2.1-fold, p < 0.001), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression (2.5-fold, p < 0.001), along with augmented levels of serum nitrite (1.3-fold, p < 0.001), selectins and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), as well as reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (53%, p < 0.001). Treatment with EGCG (2 mg kg(-1)) and omeprazole (3 mg kg(-1)) for 3 days reversed these parameters, and provided excellent (76-77%) ulcer healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biplab Adhikary
- IPGME & R, 244B, Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Road, Kolkata 700 020, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Adhikary B, Yadav SK, Chand S, Bandyopadhyay SK, Chattopadhyay S. Black tea and theaflavins suppress various inflammatory modulators and i-NOS mediated nitric oxide synthesis during gastric ulcer healing. Free Radic Res 2011; 45:767-78. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.579119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
32
|
Kumar S, Jyoti A, Keshari RS, Singh M, Barthwal MK, Dikshit M. Functional and molecular characterization of NOS isoforms in rat neutrophil precursor cells. Cytometry A 2010; 77:467-77. [PMID: 20104578 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated importance of neutrophil-derived nitric oxide (NO) in free radical generation, characterized nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms, and have reported subcellular distribution of NOS in rat peripheral neutrophils. Maximum number of neutrophils are added per day to the circulation from bone marrow, thus neutrophils might add substantial amount of NO in the bone marrow. NO generating ability and NOS isoforms characteristics in bone marrow neutrophil precursor cells is, however, still unexplored. This study was, therefore, undertaken to investigate NO generation ability and the molecular/biochemical characteristics of NOS isoforms in neutrophil precursor cells. The neutrophil precursors were separated on Percoll density gradient and characterized by Giemsa staining, CD markers, and by their size and granularity at various stages of maturation as Bands 1, 2, and 3. Mature neutrophils were efficient in free radical generation and phagocytosis, whereas immature cells had more mitochondria and myeloperoxidase. Amount of NO augmented from immature to mature neutrophils as assessed by fluorescent probe DAF-2DA and Griess reagent. Measurement of NOS enzyme activity further confirmed the functional status of NOS in these cells. NOS isoforms were differentially expressed during neutrophil maturation as confirmed by enzyme activity, Western blotting, flowcytometry, and RT-PCR. Expression of nNOS was predominantly stable in all the stages of neutrophil maturation. iNOS expression was, however, consistently augmented during maturation, whereas eNOS expression was downregulated with neutrophil maturation. Furthermore, all NOS isoforms proteins were distributed in cytosol as well as nucleus as assessed by confocal microscopy. This study for the first time report biochemical and molecular characteristics of NOS isoforms in rat neutrophil precursor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Cardiovascular Pharmacology Unit, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Palmblad
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chatterjee M, Saluja R, Tewari S, Barthwal MK, Goel SK, Dikshit M. Augmented nitric oxide generation in neutrophils: Oxidative and pro-inflammatory implications in hypertension. Free Radic Res 2009; 43:1195-204. [DOI: 10.3109/10715760903247256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|