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Luo K, Wang Y, Lu E, Nie W, Yan X, Zhang Q, Luo Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Sha X. Ischemic Microenvironment-Targeted Bioinspired Lipoprotein Sequentially Penetrates Cerebral Ischemic Lesions to Rescue Ischemic Stroke. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:49628-49639. [PMID: 39228071 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Reperfusion injury represents a significant impediment to recovery after recanalization in an ischemic stroke and can be alleviated by neuroprotectants. However, inadequate drug delivery to ischemic lesions impairs the therapeutic effects of neuroprotectants. To address this issue, an ischemic microenvironment-targeted bioinspired lipoprotein system encapsulating lipoic acid (LA@PHDL) is herein designed to sequentially penetrate ischemic lesions and be readily taken up by neurons and microglia. In transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse models, LA@PHDL accumulates rapidly and preferentially in the ischemic brain, with a 2.29-fold higher than the nontargeted nanoplatform in the early stage. Furthermore, LA@PHDL effectively restores neurological function, reduces infarct volume to 17.70%, prevents brain cell necrosis and apoptosis, and attenuates inflammation in tMCAO mouse models. This design presents new opportunities for delivering neuroprotectants to cerebral ischemic lesions to improve the outcome of an ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuankuan Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Enhao Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weimin Nie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
- Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xianyi Sha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Shanghai 201203, China
- Quzhou Fudan Institute, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324002, China
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Wakonigg Alonso C, McElhatton F, O'Mahony B, Campbell M, Pollak TA, Stokes PRA. The blood-brain barrier in bipolar disorders: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:434-444. [PMID: 38897301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorders (BD) are chronic, debilitating disorders. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) has been increasingly investigated in BD. This systematic review aimed to assess the available evidence on the relationship between BD and markers of BBB dysfunction. METHODS A systematic search in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Web of Science was run where the primary outcomes were BBB markers such as S100B, albumin ratio, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), cell adhesion molecule (CAM), and tight junction proteins. Techniques included blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), post-mortem, genetic and imaging methods in BD compared to healthy controls. RESULTS 55 studies were identified, 38 of which found an association between BD and markers of BBB dysfunction. 16/29 studies found increased blood/CSF albumin ratio, S100B, CAMs or MMP levels in BD participants compared to controls. 5/19 post-mortem studies found increased levels of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans, intercellular CAM, neurexin or claudin-5 mRNA in distinct locations throughout the brain in BD compared to controls. One imaging study identified extensive BBB leakage in 30 % of BD participants, compared to 0 % in controls. LIMITATIONS The diversity in methodologies used in the included studies makes direct comparison of results challenging. Furthermore, imaging methods are the gold standard, but only one study used them. Other markers are only indicative of BBB permeability. CONCLUSIONS This review suggests an association between BD and BBB dysfunction. Further research is needed to provide definite answers considering the existing literature's limitations, and to clarify whether this association provides a pathogenic mechanism, or is an epiphenomenon of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Wakonigg Alonso
- Institute of Psychiatry & Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London,United Kingdom.
| | - Frances McElhatton
- Institute of Psychiatry & Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London,United Kingdom
| | - Brian O'Mahony
- Institute of Psychiatry & Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London,United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Lincoln Place Gate, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Thomas A Pollak
- Dept of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry & Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust,Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R A Stokes
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust,Bethlem Royal Hospital, Monks Orchard Road, Beckenham, Kent, BR3 3BX, United Kingdom; Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry & Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London,United Kingdom
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Martinez Bravo G, Annarapu G, Carmona E, Nawarskas J, Clark R, Novelli E, Mota Alvidrez RI. Platelets in Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis: A Double-Edged Sword. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:1608-1621. [PMID: 38885926 PMCID: PMC11373056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the dual role of platelets in atherosclerosis and thrombosis, exploring their involvement in inflammation, angiogenesis, and plaque formation, as well as their hemostatic and prothrombotic functions. Beyond their thrombotic functions, platelets engage in complex interactions with diverse cell types, influencing disease resolution and progression. The contribution of platelet degranulation helps in the formation of atheromatous plaque, whereas the reciprocal interaction with monocytes adds complexity. Alterations in platelet membrane receptors and signaling cascades contribute to advanced atherosclerosis, culminating in atherothrombotic events. Understanding these multifaceted roles of platelets will lead to the development of targeted antiplatelet strategies for effective cardiovascular disease prevention and treatment. Understanding platelet functions in atherosclerosis and atherothrombosis at different stages of disease will be critical for designing targeted treatments and medications to prevent or cure the disease Through this understanding, platelets can be targeted at specific times in the atherosclerosis process, possibly preventing the development of atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gowtham Annarapu
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Emely Carmona
- School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - James Nawarskas
- Pharmaceutical Sciences-Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Ross Clark
- Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Enrico Novelli
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Roberto I Mota Alvidrez
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Pharmaceutical Sciences-Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico; Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico.
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4
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Balaji PG, Bhimrao LS, Yadav AK. Revolutionizing Stroke Care: Nanotechnology-Based Brain Delivery as a Novel Paradigm for Treatment and Diagnosis. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04215-3. [PMID: 38829514 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04215-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Stroke, a severe medical condition arising from abnormalities in the coagulation-fibrinolysis cycle and metabolic processes, results in brain cell impairment and injury due to blood flow obstruction within the brain. Prompt and efficient therapeutic approaches are imperative to control and preserve brain functions. Conventional stroke medications, including fibrinolytic agents, play a crucial role in facilitating reperfusion to the ischemic brain. However, their clinical efficacy is hampered by short plasma half-lives, limited brain tissue distribution attributed to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and lack of targeted drug delivery to the ischemic region. To address these challenges, diverse nanomedicine strategies, such as vesicular systems, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, exosomes, inorganic nanoparticles, and biomimetic nanoparticles, have emerged. These platforms enhance drug pharmacokinetics by facilitating targeted drug accumulation at the ischemic site. By leveraging nanocarriers, engineered drug delivery systems hold the potential to overcome challenges associated with conventional stroke medications. This comprehensive review explores the pathophysiological mechanism underlying stroke and BBB disruption in stroke. Additionally, this review investigates the utilization of nanocarriers for current therapeutic and diagnostic interventions in stroke management. By addressing these aspects, the review aims to provide insight into potential strategies for improving stroke treatment and diagnosis through a nanomedicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gajanan Balaji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli (An Institute of National Importance under Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI), A Transit Campus at Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Londhe Sachin Bhimrao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli (An Institute of National Importance under Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI), A Transit Campus at Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awesh K Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli (An Institute of National Importance under Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, GOI), A Transit Campus at Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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5
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Nyúl-Tóth Á, Patai R, Csiszar A, Ungvari A, Gulej R, Mukli P, Yabluchanskiy A, Benyo Z, Sotonyi P, Prodan CI, Liotta EM, Toth P, Elahi F, Barsi P, Maurovich-Horvat P, Sorond FA, Tarantini S, Ungvari Z. Linking peripheral atherosclerosis to blood-brain barrier disruption: elucidating its role as a manifestation of cerebral small vessel disease in vascular cognitive impairment. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01194-0. [PMID: 38831182 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), contributing to the onset and progression of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). In older adults, CSVD often leads to significant pathological outcomes, including blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, which in turn triggers neuroinflammation and white matter damage. This damage is frequently observed as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in neuroimaging studies. There is mounting evidence that older adults with atherosclerotic vascular diseases, such as peripheral artery disease, ischemic heart disease, and carotid artery stenosis, face a heightened risk of developing CSVD and VCID. This review explores the complex relationship between peripheral atherosclerosis, the pathogenesis of CSVD, and BBB disruption. It explores the continuum of vascular aging, emphasizing the shared pathomechanisms that underlie atherosclerosis in large arteries and BBB disruption in the cerebral microcirculation, exacerbating both CSVD and VCID. By reviewing current evidence, this paper discusses the impact of endothelial dysfunction, cellular senescence, inflammation, and oxidative stress on vascular and neurovascular health. This review aims to enhance understanding of these complex interactions and advocate for integrated approaches to manage vascular health, thereby mitigating the risk and progression of CSVD and VCID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Nyúl-Tóth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Roland Patai
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Csiszar
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Anna Ungvari
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Rafal Gulej
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter Mukli
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andriy Yabluchanskiy
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Benyo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
- Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Disorders Research Group, HUN-REN, Semmelweis University, 1094, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Sotonyi
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, 1122, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Calin I Prodan
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Eric M Liotta
- Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neurology, Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter Toth
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- Neurotrauma Research Group, Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
- ELKH-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Fanny Elahi
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroscience Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease Friedman Brain Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Péter Barsi
- ELKH-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Maurovich-Horvat
- ELKH-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Farzaneh A Sorond
- Department of Neurology, Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Vascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Doctoral College/Department of Public Health, International Training Program in Geroscience, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Liu Y, Su W, Li P, Zeng X, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Peng W, Wu H. Exploring the Mechanism of Fufang Danshen Tablet against Atherosclerosis by Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:643. [PMID: 38794213 PMCID: PMC11124970 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main pathological basis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Fufang Danshen Tablet (FDT) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been clinically used to treat CVDs for more than 40 years. Nevertheless, owing to the complexity of the ingredients, the pharmacological mechanism of FDT in the treatment of CVDs has not been fully elucidated. In this study, an integrated strategy of UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, network pharmacology, molecular biology, and transcriptomics was used to elucidate the mechanisms of action of FDT in the treatment of atherosclerosis. In total, 22 absorbed constituents were identified in rat serum after oral administration of FDT. In silico, network pharmacology studies have shown that FDT regulates four key biological functional modules for the treatment of atherosclerosis: oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, energy metabolism, and immune/inflammation. In animal experiments, FDT exerted protective effects against atherosclerosis by reducing the plaque area and lipid levels in ApoE-/- mice. Furthermore, we found that FDT inhibited inflammatory macrophage accumulation by regulating the expression of Selp and Ccl2, which are both involved in monocyte adhesion and migration. The inhibition of monocyte recruitment by FDT is a new perspective to elucidate the anti-atherosclerotic mechanism of FDT, which has not been adopted in previous studies on FDT. Our results may help to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of FDT against CVDs and provide potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Wu
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Reevaluation of Post-Market Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (Y.L.); (W.S.); (P.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (W.P.)
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7
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Mangoni AA, Zinellu A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of circulating adhesion molecules in rheumatoid arthritis. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:305-327. [PMID: 38240792 PMCID: PMC10894129 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The availability of robust biomarkers of endothelial activation might enhance the identification of subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated this issue by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of cell adhesion molecules in RA patients. METHODS We searched electronic databases from inception to 31 July 2023 for case-control studies assessing the circulating concentrations of immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecules (vascular cell, VCAM-1, intercellular, ICAM-1, and platelet endothelial cell, PECAM-1, adhesion molecule-1) and selectins (E, L, and P selectin) in RA patients and healthy controls. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the JBI checklist and GRADE, respectively. RESULTS In 39 studies, compared to controls, RA patients had significantly higher concentrations of ICAM-1 (standard mean difference, SMD = 0.81, 95% CI 0.62-1.00, p < 0.001; I2 = 83.0%, p < 0.001), VCAM-1 (SMD = 1.17, 95% CI 0.73-1.61, p < 0.001; I2 = 95.8%, p < 0.001), PECAM-1 (SMD = 0.82, 95% CI 0.57-1.08, p < 0.001; I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.90), E-selectin (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.86, p < 0.001; I2 = 75.0%, p < 0.001), and P-selectin (SMD = 1.06, 95% CI 0.50-1.60, p < 0.001; I2 = 84.8%, p < 0.001), but not L-selectin. In meta-regression and subgroup analysis, significant associations were observed between the effect size and use of glucocorticoids (ICAM-1), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (VCAM-1), study continent (VCAM-1, E-selectin, and P-selectin), and matrix assessed (P-selectin). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study support a significant role of cell adhesion molecules in mediating the interplay between RA and atherosclerosis. Further studies are warranted to determine whether the routine use of these biomarkers can facilitate the detection and management of early atherosclerosis in this patient group. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42023466662.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia.
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Zinellu A, Mangoni AA. The pathophysiological role of circulating adhesion molecules in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:157-169. [PMID: 38150848 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests an association between schizophrenia and atherosclerosis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cell adhesion molecules, critically involved in early atherosclerosis, in schizophrenia. METHODS We searched electronic databases from inception to 11 November 2023 for case-control studies assessing vascular cell, VCAM-1, intercellular, ICAM-1, platelet endothelial cell, PECAM-1, neural cell, NCAM, and Down syndrome cell, DSCAM, adhesion molecules, selectins (E-, L-, and P-selectin), integrins, and cadherins in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the JBI checklist and GRADE, respectively. RESULTS In 19 eligible studies, there were non-significant between-group differences in the concentrations of cell adhesion molecules, barring higher P-selectin in patients with schizophrenia (standard mean difference, SMD = 2.05, 95 % CI 0.72 to 3.38, p = 0.003; I2 = 97.2 %, p<0.001; very low certainty of evidence). Limited or no information was available regarding PECAM-1, DSCAM, ESAM, integrins, and cadherins. In meta-regression and subgroup analysis, there were significant associations between the SMD of ICAM-1 and matrix used (plasma or serum) and pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia, and between the SMD of VCAM-1 and pharmacological treatment, but not with other study and patient characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The results of our systematic review and meta-analysis do not support a significant role of immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecules, selectins, integrins, or cadherins in mediating the associations between schizophrenia, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. Further studies are warranted to investigate these associations in patients with different cardiovascular risk and the effects of antipsychotic treatments on cell adhesion molecules and surrogate markers of atherosclerosis (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023463916).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia.
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9
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Lv W, Jiang X, Zhang Y. The role of platelets in the blood-brain barrier during brain pathology. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1298314. [PMID: 38259501 PMCID: PMC10800710 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1298314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets play critical roles in maintaining hemostasis. The blood brain barrier (BBB), a significant physical and metabolic barrier, helps maintain physiological stability by limiting transportations between the blood and neural tissues. When the brain undergoes inflammation, tumor, trauma, or bleeding, the platelet responses to help with maintaining BBB homeostasis. In the traditional point of view, activated platelets aggregate to form thrombi which cover the gaps of the blood vessels to protect BBB. However, increasing evidences indicate that platelets may harm BBB by enhancing vascular permeability. Hereby, we reviewed recently published articles with a special focus on the platelet-mediated damage of BBB. Factors released by platelets can induce BBB permeability, which involve platelet-activating factors (PAF), P-selectin, ADP, platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) superfamily proteins, especially PDGF-AA and PDGF-CC, etc. Platelets can also secrete Amyloid-β (Aβ), which triggers neuroinflammation and downregulates the expression of tight junction molecules such as claudin-5 to damage BBB. Additionally, platelets can form aggregates with neutrophils to release reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can destroy the DNA, proteins, and lipids of endothelial cells (ECs). Moreover, platelets participate in neuroinflammation to affect BBB. Conversely, some of the platelet released factors such as PDGF-BB, protects BBB. In summary, platelets play dual roles in BBB integrity and the related mechanisms are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
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10
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Nappi F. To Gain Insights into the Pathophysiological Mechanisms of the Thrombo-Inflammatory Process in the Atherosclerotic Plaque. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:47. [PMID: 38203218 PMCID: PMC10778759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Thromboinflammation, the interplay between thrombosis and inflammation, is a significant pathway that drives cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, as well as COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 causes inflammation and blood clotting issues. Innate immune cells have emerged as key modulators of this process. Neutrophils, the most predominant white blood cells in humans, are strategically positioned to promote thromboinflammation. By releasing decondensed chromatin structures called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), neutrophils can initiate an organised cell death pathway. These structures are adorned with histones, cytoplasmic and granular proteins, and have cytotoxic, immunogenic, and prothrombotic effects that can hasten disease progression. Protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) catalyses the citrullination of histones and is involved in the release of extracellular DNA (NETosis). The neutrophil inflammasome is also required for this process. Understanding the link between the immunological function of neutrophils and the procoagulant and proinflammatory activities of monocytes and platelets is important in understanding thromboinflammation. This text discusses how vascular blockages occur in thromboinflammation due to the interaction between neutrophil extracellular traps and ultra-large VWF (von Willebrand Factor). The activity of PAD4 is important for understanding the processes that drive thromboinflammation by linking the immunological function of neutrophils with the procoagulant and proinflammatory activities of monocytes and platelets. This article reviews how vaso-occlusive events in thrombo-inflammation occur through the interaction of neutrophil extracellular traps with von Willebrand factor. It highlights the relevance of PAD4 in neutrophil inflammasome assembly and neutrophil extracellular traps in thrombo-inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Interaction between platelets, VWF, NETs and inflammasomes is critical for the progression of thromboinflammation in several diseases and was recently shown to be active in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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11
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Zhu Y, Xu H, Wang T, Xie Y, Liu L, He X, Liu C, Zhao Q, Song X, Zheng L, Huang W. Pro-inflammation and pro-atherosclerotic responses to short-term air pollution exposure associated with alterations in sphingolipid ceramides and neutrophil extracellular traps. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122301. [PMID: 37541379 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution has been associated with the development of atherosclerosis; however, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying pro-atherosclerotic effects of air pollution exposure remain unclear. We conducted a prospective panel study in Beijing and recruited 152 participants with four monthly visits from September 2019 to January 2020. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to estimate the associations linking short-term air pollution exposure to biomarkers relevant to ceramide metabolism, pro-inflammation (neutrophil extracellular traps formation and systemic inflammation) and pro-atherosclerotic responses (endothelial stimulation, plaque instability, coagulation activation, and elevated blood pressure). We further explored whether ceramides and inflammatory indicators could mediate the alterations in the profiles of pro-atherosclerotic responses. We found that significant increases in levels of circulating ceramides of 9.7% (95% CIs: 0.7, 19.5) to 96.9% (95% CIs: 23.1, 214.9) were associated with interquartile range increases in moving averages of ambient air pollutant metrics, including fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon, particles in size fractions of 100-560 nm, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide at prior up to 7 days. Higher air pollution levels were also associated with activated neutrophils (increases in citrullinated histone H3, neutrophil elastase, double-stranded DNA, and myeloperoxidase) and exacerbation of pro-atherosclerotic responses (e.g., increases in vascular endothelial growth factor, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, matrix metalloproteinase-8, P-selectin, and blood pressure). Mediation analyses further showed that dysregulated ceramide metabolism and potentiated inflammation could mediate PM2.5-associated pro-atherosclerotic responses. Our findings extend the understanding on potential mechanisms of air pollution-associated atherosclerosis, and suggest the significance of reducing air pollution as priority in urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Zhu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hongbing Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yunfei Xie
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xinghou He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Changjie Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoming Song
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lemin Zheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Peking University School of Public Health, and Peking University Institute of Environmental Medicine, Beijing, 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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12
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Gao H, Findeis EL, Culmone L, Powell B, Landschoot-Ward J, Zacharek A, Wu T, Lu M, Chopp M, Venkat P. Early therapeutic effects of an Angiopoietin-1 mimetic peptide in middle-aged rats with vascular dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1180913. [PMID: 37304071 PMCID: PMC10248134 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1180913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular Dementia (VaD) refers to dementia caused by cerebrovascular disease and/or reduced blood flow to the brain and is the second most common form of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. We previously found that in middle-aged rats subjected to a multiple microinfarction (MMI) model of VaD, treatment with AV-001, a Tie2 receptor agonist, significantly improves short-term memory, long-term memory, as well as improves preference for social novelty compared to control MMI rats. In this study, we tested the early therapeutic effects of AV-001 on inflammation and glymphatic function in rats subjected to VaD. Methods Male, middle-aged Wistar rats (10-12 m), subjected to MMI, were randomly assigned to MMI and MMI + AV-001 treatment groups. A sham group was included as reference group. MMI was induced by injecting 800 ± 200, 70-100 μm sized, cholesterol crystals into the internal carotid artery. Animals were treated with AV-001 (1 μg/Kg, i.p.) once daily starting at 24 h after MMI. At 14 days after MMI, inflammatory factor expression was evaluated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain. Immunostaining was used to evaluate white matter integrity, perivascular space (PVS) and perivascular Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression in the brain. An additional set of rats were prepared to test glymphatic function. At 14 days after MMI, 50 μL of 1% Tetramethylrhodamine (3 kD) and FITC conjugated dextran (500 kD) at 1:1 ratio were injected into the CSF. Rats (4-6/group/time point) were sacrificed at 30 min, 3 h, and 6 h from the start of tracer infusion, and brain coronal sections were imaged using a Laser scanning confocal microscope to evaluate tracer intensities in the brain. Result Treatment of MMI with AV-001 significantly improves white matter integrity in the corpus callosum at 14 days after MMI. MMI induces significant dilation of the PVS, reduces AQP4 expression and impairs glymphatic function compared to Sham rats. AV-001 treatment significantly reduces PVS, increases perivascular AQP4 expression and improves glymphatic function compared to MMI rats. MMI significantly increases, while AV-001 significantly decreases the expression of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), chemokine ligand 9) and anti-angiogenic factors (endostatin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, P-selectin) in CSF. MMI significantly increases, while AV-001 significantly reduces brain tissue expression of endostatin, thrombin, TNF-α, PAI-1, CXCL9, and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Conclusion AV-001 treatment of MMI significantly reduces PVS dilation and increases perivascular AQP4 expression which may contribute to improved glymphatic function compared to MMI rats. AV-001 treatment significantly reduces inflammatory factor expression in the CSF and brain which may contribute to AV-001 treatment induced improvement in white matter integrity and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjia Gao
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Lauren Culmone
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Brianna Powell
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Alex Zacharek
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Trueman Wu
- Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Mei Lu
- Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Poornima Venkat
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, United States
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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13
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Cano A, Muñoz-Morales Á, Sánchez-López E, Ettcheto M, Souto EB, Camins A, Boada M, Ruíz A. Exosomes-Based Nanomedicine for Neurodegenerative Diseases: Current Insights and Future Challenges. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:298. [PMID: 36678926 PMCID: PMC9863585 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases constitute a group of pathologies whose etiology remains unknown in many cases, and there are no treatments that stop the progression of such diseases. Moreover, the existence of the blood-brain barrier is an impediment to the penetration of exogenous molecules, including those found in many drugs. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by a wide variety of cells, and their primary functions include intercellular communication, immune responses, human reproduction, and synaptic plasticity. Due to their natural origin and molecular similarities with most cell types, exosomes have emerged as promising therapeutic tools for numerous diseases. Specifically, neurodegenerative diseases have shown to be a potential target for this nanomedicine strategy due to the difficult access to the brain and the strategy's pathophysiological complexity. In this regard, this review explores the most important biological-origin drug delivery systems, innovative isolation methods of exosomes, their physicochemical characterization, drug loading, cutting-edge functionalization strategies to target them within the brain, the latest research studies in neurodegenerative diseases, and the future challenges of exosomes as nanomedicine-based therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cano
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Álvaro Muñoz-Morales
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Sánchez-López
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Synthesis and Biomedical Applications of Peptides, IQAC-CSIC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miren Ettcheto
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eliana B. Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Antonio Camins
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Ruíz
- Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona—International University of Catalunya (UIC), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Abstract
The activating interplay of thrombosis and inflammation (thromboinflammation) has been established as a major underlying pathway, driving not only cardiovascular disease but also autoimmune disease and most recently, COVID-19. Throughout the years, innate immune cells have emerged as important modulators of this process. As the most abundant white blood cell in humans, neutrophils are well-positioned to propel thromboinflammation. This includes their ability to trigger an organized cell death pathway with the release of decondensed chromatin structures called neutrophil extracellular traps. Decorated with histones and cytoplasmic and granular proteins, neutrophil extracellular traps exert cytotoxic, immunogenic, and prothrombotic effects accelerating disease progression. Distinct steps leading to extracellular DNA release (NETosis) require the activities of PAD4 (protein arginine deiminase 4) catalyzing citrullination of histones and are supported by neutrophil inflammasome. By linking the immunologic function of neutrophils with the procoagulant and proinflammatory activities of monocytes and platelets, PAD4 activity holds important implications for understanding the processes that fuel thromboinflammation. We will also discuss mechanisms whereby vascular occlusion in thromboinflammation depends on the interaction of neutrophil extracellular traps with ultra-large VWF (von Willebrand Factor) and speculate on the importance of PAD4 in neutrophil inflammasome assembly and neutrophil extracellular traps in thromboinflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa D Wagner
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, MA (D.D.W., L.A.H.)
| | - Lukas A Heger
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, MA (D.D.W., L.A.H.)
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15
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Zolotoff C, Puech C, Roche F, Perek N. Effects of intermittent hypoxia with thrombin in an in vitro model of human brain endothelial cells and their impact on PAR-1/PAR-3 cleavage. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12305. [PMID: 35853902 PMCID: PMC9296553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea (OSA) are at high risk of cerebrovascular diseases leading to cognitive impairment. The oxidative stress generated by intermittent hypoxia (IH) could lead to an increase in blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, an essential interface for the protection of the brain. Moreover, in patients with OSA, blood coagulation could be increased leading to cardiovascular complications. Thrombin is a factor found increased in these populations that exerts various cellular effects through activation of protease activated receptors (PARs). Thus, we have evaluated in an in vitro BBB model the association of IH with thrombin at two concentrations. We measured the apparent BBB permeability, expression of tight junctions, ROS production, HIF-1α expression, and cleavage of PAR-1/PAR-3. Pre-treatment with dabigatran was performed. IH and higher thrombin concentrations altered BBB permeability: high levels of HIF-1α expression, ROS and PAR-1 activation compared to PAR-3 in such conditions. Conversely, lower concentration of thrombin associated with IH appear to have a protective effect on BBB with a significant cleavage of PAR-3. Dabigatran reversed the deleterious effect of thrombin at high concentrations but also suppressed the beneficial effect of low dose thrombin. Therefore, thrombin and PARs represent novel attractive targets to prevent BBB opening in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Zolotoff
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France. .,Faculté de Médecine - Campus Santé Innovations, 10 Rue de la Marandière, 42270, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - Clémentine Puech
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Frédéric Roche
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.,Service de Physiologie Clinique Et de L'Exercice, Centre VISAS, CHU Saint Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Nathalie Perek
- INSERM, U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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16
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Pinjari OF, Dasgupta SK, Okusaga OO. Plasma Soluble P-selectin, Interleukin-6 and S100B Protein in Patients with Schizophrenia: a Pilot Study. Psychiatr Q 2022; 93:335-345. [PMID: 34599734 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-021-09954-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microglial activation has long been posited to be involved in the neurobiology of schizophrenia. However, recent studies indicate that schizophrenia is associated with astrocytic activation, rather than microglia activation. Moreover, elevated levels of peripheral inflammatory cytokines associated with schizophrenia could induce or reflect brain inflammation. Therefore, based on: 1) findings of a periphery-to-brain communication pathway involving the cell adhesion molecule, P-selectin, in animal models; 2) dysregulated interleukin-6 (IL-6) and elevated levels of the astrocytic marker, S100B protein, in patients with schizophrenia, we sought to determine correlations between plasma soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), S100B and IL-6 respectively. We recruited 106 patients with schizophrenia (mean age 33 years, 71.60% male) from the inpatient. sP-selectin, S100B and IL-6 were measured in fasting plasma. We calculated Pearson's and partial correlations between sP-selectin, S100B and IL-6. After controlling for potential confounders, sP-selectin positively correlated with S100B (r=0.31, p=0.004) and IL-6 (r=0.28, P=0.046). The correlation between IL-6 and S100B (r=0.28, p=0.066) did not reach statistical significance. We propose that in some patients with schizophrenia, immune activation in the periphery is associated with P-selectin-mediated trafficking of inflammation into the brain (most likely via leukocytes), which might be associated with astrocytic activation. Future studies should include healthy controls and first episode/early-onset psychosis patients. Importantly, in vivo imaging of neuroinflammation should be correlated with sP-selectin, IL-6 and S100B in the periphery and the CSF. Finally, the utility of combining sP-selectin, IL-6 and S100B as biomarkers for subtyping patients with schizophrenia, treatment selection and prognosis, should be evaluated in longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar F Pinjari
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Swapan K Dasgupta
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Olaoluwa O Okusaga
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
- Bipolar and Schizophrenia Treatment (BeST) Clinic, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Mocanu CA, Fuior EV, Voicu G, Rebleanu D, Safciuc F, Deleanu M, Fenyo IM, Escriou V, Manduteanu I, Simionescu M, Calin M. P-selectin targeted RAGE-shRNA lipoplexes alleviate atherosclerosis-associated inflammation. J Control Release 2021; 338:754-772. [PMID: 34530051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) plays a central role in the chronic inflammatory process associated with atherosclerosis development. We aimed to develop lipoplexes carrying RAGE-short hairpin (sh) RNA, targeted to the adhesion molecule P-selectin, selectively expressed on the surface of activated endothelium (Psel-lipo/shRAGE) to down-regulate RAGE expression as a therapeutic strategy for atherosclerosis. In vitro, Psel-lipo/shRAGE lipoplexes were efficiently taken up by activated endothelial cells (EC), decreased the expression of RAGE protein, and proved to be functional by reducing the monocyte adhesion to activated EC. In ApoE-deficient mice, the targeted lipoplexes accumulated specifically and efficiently transfected the aorta. The repeated administration of Psel-lipo/shRAGE lipoplexes, twice per week for one month: i) reduced the expression of RAGE protein in the aorta by decreasing the expression of NF-kB and TNF-α; ii) diminished the plasma levels of TNF-α, IL6, IL-1β, and MCP-1; iii) inhibited the atherosclerotic plaque development and iv) had no significant adverse effects. In conclusion, the newly developed Psel-lipo/shRAGE lipoplexes reduce the inflammatory processes associated with RAGE signaling and the progression of atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice. Downregulation of RAGE employing these lipoplexes may represent a promising new targeted therapy to block atherosclerosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ana Mocanu
- "Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Valeria Fuior
- "Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Geanina Voicu
- "Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Rebleanu
- "Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Safciuc
- "Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Deleanu
- "Liquid and Gas Chromatography" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Madalina Fenyo
- "Gene Regulation and Molecular Therapies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Ileana Manduteanu
- "Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maya Simionescu
- "Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Manuela Calin
- "Medical and Pharmaceutical Bionanotechnologies" Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 050568 Bucharest, Romania.
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18
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Zolotoff C, Bertoletti L, Gozal D, Mismetti V, Flandrin P, Roche F, Perek N. Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Hypercoagulability, and the Blood-Brain Barrier. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143099. [PMID: 34300265 PMCID: PMC8304023 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated episodes of intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is recognized as an independent risk factor for vascular diseases that are mediated by a multitude of mechanistic pathophysiological cascades including procoagulant factors. The pro-coagulant state contributes to the development of blood clots and to the increase in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Such alteration of BBB may alter brain function and increase the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. We aim to provide a narrative review of the relationship between the hypercoagulable state, observed in OSA and characterized by increased coagulation factor activity, as well as platelet activation, and the underlying neural dysfunction, as related to disruption of the BBB. We aim to provide a critical overview of the existing evidence about the effect of OSA on the coagulation balance (characterized by increased coagulation factor activity and platelet activation) as on the BBB. Then, we will present the emerging data on the effect of BBB disruption on the risk of underlying neural dysfunction. Finally, we will discuss the potential of OSA therapy on the coagulation balance and the improvement of BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Zolotoff
- U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, F-42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; (L.B.); (F.R.); (N.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-477-421-452
| | - Laurent Bertoletti
- U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, F-42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; (L.B.); (F.R.); (N.P.)
- Service de Médecine Vasculaire et Thérapeutique, CHU Saint-Étienne, F-42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, MU Women’s and Children’s Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA;
| | - Valentine Mismetti
- Service de Pneumologie et d’Oncologie Thoracique, CHU Saint-Étienne, F-42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France;
| | - Pascale Flandrin
- Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital Nord, CHU Saint-Étienne, F-42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France;
| | - Frédéric Roche
- U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, F-42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; (L.B.); (F.R.); (N.P.)
- Service de Physiologie Clinique et de l’Exercice, Centre VISAS, CHU Saint Etienne, F-42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Nathalie Perek
- U1059, Sainbiose, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, F-42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France; (L.B.); (F.R.); (N.P.)
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Lu TM, Barcia Durán JG, Houghton S, Rafii S, Redmond D, Lis R. Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Brain Endothelial Cells: Current Controversies. Front Physiol 2021; 12:642812. [PMID: 33868008 PMCID: PMC8044318 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.642812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) possess unique properties that are crucial for many functions of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) including maintenance of brain homeostasis and regulation of interactions between the brain and immune system. The generation of a pure population of putative brain microvascular endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cell sources (iBMECs) has been described to meet the need for reliable and reproducible brain endothelial cells in vitro. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), embryonic or induced, can be differentiated into large quantities of specialized cells in order to study development and model disease. These hPSC-derived iBMECs display endothelial-like properties, such as tube formation and low-density lipoprotein uptake, high transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and barrier-like efflux transporter activities. Over time, the de novo generation of an organotypic endothelial cell from hPSCs has aroused controversies. This perspective article highlights the developments made in the field of hPSC derived brain endothelial cells as well as where experimental data are lacking, and what concerns have emerged since their initial description.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M Lu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - José Gabriel Barcia Durán
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sean Houghton
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shahin Rafii
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - David Redmond
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Raphaël Lis
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Ronald O. Perelman and Claudia Cohen Center for Reproductive Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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20
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Jimenez K, Leitner F, Leitner A, Scharbert G, Schwabl P, Kramer AM, Krnjic A, Friske J, Helbich T, Evstatiev R, Khare V, Gasche C. Iron deficiency-induced thrombocytosis increases thrombotic tendency in rats. Haematologica 2021; 106:782-794. [PMID: 32079699 PMCID: PMC7928018 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.245092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) is globally prevalent, and apart from anemia is associated with thrombocytosis. While considered benign, studies linking thrombotic events with prior ID anemia suggest otherwise. In this study we used animal models to assess the influence of ID on thrombotic tendency. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed control or iron-deficient diets and ferric carboxymaltose was used to reverse ID. Thrombosis was induced by stenosis of the inferior vena cava or damage to the right carotid artery using ferric chloride. Thrombi were evaluated histologically and by high frequency ultrasound in the venous model. ID consistently induced thrombocytosis alongside anemia. The growth of venous thrombi and the final dimensions of both arterial and venous thrombi were greater in animals with ID. In both models, platelet numbers correlated with the final thrombus size, with thrombi in iron-deficient animals having the largest platelet areas. Platelet function was also evaluated in surgically-naïve rats. Coagulability, determined by thromboelasto - graphy, and hemostasis, evaluated by tail transection, were enhanced in the animals with ID. Platelet P-selectin expression and plasma P-selectin levels were both higher in animals with ID. Platelet adhesion and aggregation in ID was impaired under shear flow but was intact in static assays. Iron replacement therapy reversed all ID-related changes in hematologic parameters, thrombus dimensions, and platelet assays. In summary, ID alone increases thrombotic tendency. Iron replacement therapy reverses these changes, making it a viable strategy for the prevention of ID-related thrombotic disease. This may be of importance in patients with chronic illnesses who may already be at increased risk of thrombosis, such as those with inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, or cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Jimenez
- Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Florentina Leitner
- Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Aran Leitner
- Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Gisela Scharbert
- Department of Special Anaesthesiology and Pain Management, General Intensive Care and Pain Control
| | - Philipp Schwabl
- Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
| | | | - Anita Krnjic
- Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Joachim Friske
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Gender and Molecular Imaging
| | - Thomas Helbich
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Division of Gender and Molecular Imaging
| | - Rayko Evstatiev
- Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Vineeta Khare
- Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
| | - Christoph Gasche
- Div. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology,Dept. of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna
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Bourassa KA, Postolache TT, Dagdag A, Fuchs D, Okusaga OO. Plasma soluble P-selectin correlates with triglycerides and nitrite in overweight/obese patients with schizophrenia. Pteridines 2020; 31:61-67. [PMID: 32982068 PMCID: PMC7518413 DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) is associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) but this association has not been evaluated in patients with schizophrenia. This study primarily evaluated the association of sP-selectin with plasma lipids and nitrite (NO2−) respectively in overweight/obese adults with schizophrenia. Methods: One-hundred and six patients with schizophrenia (mean age 32.9 years; 71.60% male) were recruited from a psychiatric hospital. Participants completed a structured interview and provided a fasting blood sample. Body mass index (BMI) was used to divide the sample into normal weight and overweight/obese groups. Pearson’s and partial correlation coefficients (controlling for age, sex, race, education, and inflammation) were calculated to examine the association of sP-selectin with plasma lipids, and NO2− in the overweight/obese patients (primary analysis), as well as in the normal weight patients and the total sample (exploratory analyses). Results: After controlling for potential confounders, sP-selectin positively correlated with triglycerides (r = 0.38, p = 0.01) and NO2− (r = 0.40, p < 0.01) in the overweight/obese group only. Conclusions: Future longitudinal studies should evaluate the utility of sP-selectin as a biomarker of CVD in overweight/obese adults with schizophrenia (for example, by relating sP-selectin to incidence of cardiovascular events).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA, Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), Aurora, CO, USA, Military and Veteran Microbiome Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, USA, VISN 5 Capitol Health Care Network Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aline Dagdag
- Mood and Anxiety Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Olaoluwa O Okusaga
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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22
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Dimitrova-Shumkovska J, Krstanoski L, Veenman L. Potential Beneficial Actions of Fucoidan in Brain and Liver Injury, Disease, and Intoxication-Potential Implication of Sirtuins. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E242. [PMID: 32380741 PMCID: PMC7281157 DOI: 10.3390/md18050242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased interest in natural antioxidants has brought to light the fucoidans (sulfated polysaccharides present in brown marine algae) as highly valued nutrients as well as effective and safe therapeutics against several diseases. Based on their satisfactory in vitro antioxidant potency, researchers have identified this molecule as an efficient remedy for neuropathological as well as metabolic disorders. Some of this therapeutic activity is accomplished by upregulation of cytoprotective molecular pathways capable of restoring the enzymatic antioxidant activity and normal mitochondrial functions. Sirtuin-3 has been discovered as a key player for achieving the neuroprotective role of fucoidan by managing these pathways, whose ultimate goal is retrieving the entirety of the antioxidant response and preventing apoptosis of neurons, thereby averting neurodegeneration and brain injuries. Another pathway whereby fucoidan exerts neuroprotective capabilities is by interactions with P-selectin on endothelial cells, thereby preventing macrophages from entering the brain proper. Furthermore, beneficial influences of fucoidan have been established in hepatocytes after xenobiotic induced liver injury by decreasing transaminase leakage and autophagy as well as obtaining optimal levels of intracellular fiber, which ultimately prevents fibrosis. The hepatoprotective role of this marine polysaccharide also includes a sirtuin, namely sirtuin-1 overexpression, which alleviates obesity and insulin resistance through suppression of hyperglycemia, reducing inflammation and stimulation of enzymatic antioxidant response. While fucoidan is very effective in animal models for brain injury and neuronal degeneration, in general, it is accepted that fucoidan shows somewhat limited potency in liver. Thus far, it has been used in large doses for treatment of acute liver injuries. Thus, it appears that further optimization of fucoidan derivatives may establish enhanced versatility for treatments of various disorders, in addition to brain injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Dimitrova-Shumkovska
- Department of Experimental Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Arhimedova 6, P.O. Box 162, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia;
| | - Ljupcho Krstanoski
- Department of Experimental Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Arhimedova 6, P.O. Box 162, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia;
| | - Leo Veenman
- Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Institute of Medical Research, 1 Efron Street, P.O. Box 9697, Haifa 31096, Israel
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Vanka R, Nakka VP, Kumar SP, Baruah UK, Babu PP. Molecular targets in cerebral malaria for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Brain Res Bull 2020; 157:100-107. [PMID: 32006570 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral malaria (CM) is the severe neurological complication associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection. In clinical settings CM is predominantly characterized by fever, epileptic seizures, and asexual forms of parasite on blood smears, coma and even death. Cognitive impairment in the children and adults even after survival is one of the striking consequences of CM. Poor diagnosis often leads to inappropriate malaria therapy which in turn progress into a severe form of disease. Activation of multiple cell death pathways such as Inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis and disruption of blood brain barrier (BBB) plays critical role in the pathogenesis of CM and secondary brain damage. Thus, understanding such mechanisms of neuronal cell death might help to identify potential molecular targets for CM. Mitigation strategies for mortality rate and long-term cognitive deficits caused by existing anti-malarial drugs still remains a valid research question to ask. In this review, we discuss in detail about critical neuronal cell death mechanisms and the overall significance of adjunctive therapy with recent trends, which provides better insight towards establishing newer therapeutic strategies for CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravisankar Vanka
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Aditya Pharmacy College, Suramaplem, Gandepalli Mandal, East Godavari, Andhra Pradesh, 533437, India
| | - Venkata Prasuja Nakka
- Department of Biochemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522510, India
| | - Simhadri Praveen Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500046, India
| | - Uday Krishna Baruah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Tamil Nadu 643001, India
| | - Phanithi Prakash Babu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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Xu Y, He Q, Wang M, Wang X, Gong F, Bai L, Zhang J, Wang W. Quantifying blood-brain-barrier leakage using a combination of evans blue and high molecular weight FITC-Dextran. J Neurosci Methods 2019; 325:108349. [PMID: 31283939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evans blue (EB) is the most widely used tracer to assess BBB leakage. However, a well-established method to obtain visualized and quantitative results of EB extravasation is presently unavailable. NEW METHOD We reported a novel method to quantify BBB leakage by combining EB and high molecular weight FITC-Dextran (2000 kDa). EB was used for a long circulation duration (60 min) to detect BBB leakage. FITC-Dextran was used for a short circulation duration (10 min) to outline vascular contours. Confocal microscope imaging was used to obtain visualized images of BBB leakage. The result of dividing integrated optical density of EB by vascular areas outlined by FITC-Dextran was treated as the quantification of BBB leakage. RESULTS This method proved workable in quantifying BBB leakage of specific regions in lipopolysaccharide-induced BBB disruption mice and apoE-/- mice. Sections processed with this method enabled further immunofluorescence staining. Through combining the results of EB extravasation and immunofluorescence staining, the colocalization of specific proteins and BBB disruption was achieved. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Colorimetric and spectrophotometric methods provide us with quantitative results of EB extravasation but fail to locate the specific regions. Fluorescence microscopy imaging can locate specific regions of EB extravasation but a well-established quantitative method is presently unavailable. Our method combines advantages of above two classic methods, providing us with visualized and quantitative information of BBB leakage based on EB extravasation in specific cerebral regions. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method proved powerful in quantifying BBB leakage of specific regions, which may benefit studies regarding BBB disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Neonatology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Feilong Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Core Facility of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Houck KL, Yuan H, Tian Y, Solomon M, Cramer D, Liu K, Zhou Z, Wu X, Zhang J, Oehler V, Dong JF. Physical proximity and functional cooperation of glycoprotein 130 and glycoprotein VI in platelet membrane lipid rafts. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1500-1510. [PMID: 31145836 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical and laboratory studies have demonstrated that platelets become hyperactive and prothrombotic in conditions of inflammation. We have previously shown that the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 forms a complex with soluble IL-6 receptor α (sIL-6Rα) to prime platelets for activation by subthreshold concentrations of collagen. Upon being stimulated with collagen, the transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 in platelets is phosphorylated and dimerized to act as a protein scaffold to facilitate the catalytic action between the kinase Syk and the substrate phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2) in collagen-induced signaling. However, it remains unknown how collagen induces phosphorylation and dimerization of STAT3. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted complementary in vitro experiments to show that the IL-6 receptor subunit glycoprotein 130 (GP130) was in physical proximity to the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GPVI in membrane lipid rafts of platelets. This proximity allows collagen to induce STAT3 activation and dimerization, and the IL-6-sIL-6Rα complex to activate the kinase Syk and the substrate PLCγ2 in the GPVI signal pathway, resulting in an enhanced platelet response to collagen. Disrupting lipid rafts or blocking GP130-Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK)-STAT3 signaling abolished the cross-activation and reduced platelet reactivity to collagen. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate cross-talk between collagen and IL-6 signal pathways. This cross-talk could potentially provide a novel mechanism for inflammation-induced platelet hyperactivity, so the IL-6-GP130-JAK-STAT3 pathway has been identified as a potential target to block this hyperactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hengjie Yuan
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Drake Cramer
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kitty Liu
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Zhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jianning Zhang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Vivian Oehler
- Clinical Research Division, Hutchison Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Seattle Cancer Alliances, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jing-Fei Dong
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Christiansen MK, Larsen SB, Nyegaard M, Neergaard-Petersen S, Würtz M, Grove EL, Hvas AM, Jensen HK, Kristensen SD. The ABO locus is associated with increased platelet aggregation in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 2019; 286:152-158. [PMID: 30837090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.01.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) suggest that several risk loci increase the risk of CAD and myocardial infarction (MI) equally. In contrast, the ABO locus is stronger associated with MI than with CAD, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. PURPOSE To investigate the association between the ABO risk variant and platelet activation and aggregation. Moreover, to explore the effects of other CAD-associated risk variants. METHODS We included 879 stable CAD patients receiving low-dose aspirin. All patients were genotyped for 45 genome-wide significant CAD risk variants, including rs495828 at the ABO locus. A genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated to assess the combined risk of all genetic variants. Serum soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) and thromboxane B2 were used as measures of platelet activation, and platelet aggregation was assessed by multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA) using arachidonic acid and collagen as agonists and VerifyNow. RESULTS The rs495828 CAD risk allele was associated with higher MEA platelet aggregation; arachidonic acid: 14.9% (6.7-23.7%, p = 0.0002) higher AUC (Area Under aggregation Curve) per risk allele, and collagen: 13.1% (5.8%-20.9%, p = 0.0003). Conversely, sP-selectin levels were 7.5% (3.1%-11.7%, p = 0.001) lower per risk allele. Rs495828 genotypes were not associated with aggregation assessed by VerifyNow (p = 0.30) or S-thromboxane B2 levels (p = 0.98). None of the remaining variants or the GRS were associated with platelet activation or aggregation. CONCLUSIONS The ABO risk allele was associated with increased platelet aggregation as assessed by MEA. This finding may contribute to explain the increased MI risk in ABO risk variant carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mette Nyegaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søs Neergaard-Petersen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Würtz
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Erik Lerkevang Grove
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne-Mette Hvas
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Kjærulf Jensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Steen Dalby Kristensen
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Yang C, Hawkins KE, Doré S, Candelario-Jalil E. Neuroinflammatory mechanisms of blood-brain barrier damage in ischemic stroke. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 316:C135-C153. [PMID: 30379577 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00136.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 471] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As part of the neurovascular unit, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a unique, dynamic regulatory boundary that limits and regulates the exchange of molecules, ions, and cells between the blood and the central nervous system. Disruption of the BBB plays an important role in the development of neurological dysfunction in ischemic stroke. Blood-borne substances and cells have restricted access to the brain due to the presence of tight junctions between the endothelial cells of the BBB. Following stroke, there is loss of BBB tight junction integrity, leading to increased paracellular permeability, which results in vasogenic edema, hemorrhagic transformation, and increased mortality. Thus, understanding principal mediators and molecular mechanisms involved in BBB disruption is critical for the development of novel therapeutics to treat ischemic stroke. This review discusses the current knowledge of how neuroinflammation contributes to BBB damage in ischemic stroke. Specifically, we provide an updated overview of the role of cytokines, chemokines, oxidative and nitrosative stress, adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinases, and vascular endothelial growth factor as well as the role of different cell types in the regulation of BBB permeability in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Yang
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kimberly E Hawkins
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida.,Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurology, Psychiatry, Psychology, and Pharmaceutics, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Eduardo Candelario-Jalil
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
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Immune Cells After Ischemic Stroke Onset: Roles, Migration, and Target Intervention. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:342-355. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Yasukochi Y, Sakuma J, Takeuchi I, Kato K, Oguri M, Fujimaki T, Horibe H, Yamada Y. Identification of nine novel loci related to hematological traits in a Japanese population. Physiol Genomics 2018; 50:758-769. [PMID: 29958078 PMCID: PMC6172615 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00088.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have identified various genetic variants associated with hematological traits. Although it is possible that quantitative data of hematological traits are varied among the years examined, conventional genome-wide association studies have been conducted in a cross-sectional manner that measures traits at a single point in time. To address this issue, we have traced blood profiles in 4,884 Japanese individuals who underwent annual health check-ups for several years. In the present study, longitudinal exome-wide association studies were conducted to identify genetic variants related to 13 hematological phenotypes. The generalized estimating equation model showed that a total of 67 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significantly [false discovery rate (FDR) of <0.01] associated with hematological phenotypes. Of the 67 SNPs, nine SNPs were identified as novel hematological markers: rs4686683 of SENP2 for red blood cell count (FDR = 0.008, P = 5.5 × 10−6); rs3917688 of SELP for mean corpuscular volume (FDR = 0.005, P = 2.4 × 10−6); rs3133745 of C8orf37-AS1 for white blood cell count (FDR = 0.003, P = 1.3 × 10−6); rs13121954 at 4q31.2 for basophil count (FDR = 0.007, P = 3.1 × 10−5); rs7584099 at 2q22.3 (FDR = 2.6 × 10−5, P = 8.8 × 10−8), rs1579219 of HCG17 (FDR = 0.003, P = 2.0 × 10−5), and rs10757049 of DENND4C (FDR = 0.008, P = 5.6 × 10−5) for eosinophil count; rs12338 of CTSB for neutrophil count (FDR = 0.007, P = 2.9 × 10−5); and rs395967 of OSMR-AS1 for monocyte count (FDR = 0.008, P = 3.2 × 10−5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Yasukochi
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie , Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama , Japan
| | - Jun Sakuma
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama , Japan.,Computer Science Department, College of Information Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki , Japan.,RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama , Japan.,RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project , Tokyo , Japan.,Department of Computer Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi , Japan
| | - Kimihiko Kato
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie , Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Meitoh Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi , Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Oguri
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie , Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Aichi , Japan
| | - Tetsuo Fujimaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Inabe General Hospital, Inabe, Mie , Japan
| | - Hideki Horibe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Gifu , Japan
| | - Yoshiji Yamada
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie , Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama , Japan
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Piro JR, Suidan GL, Quan J, Pi Y, O'Neill SM, Ilardi M, Pozdnyakov N, Lanz TA, Xi H, Bell RD, Samad TA. Inhibition of 2-AG hydrolysis differentially regulates blood brain barrier permeability after injury. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:142. [PMID: 29759062 PMCID: PMC5952841 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute neurological insults caused by infection, systemic inflammation, ischemia, or traumatic injury are often associated with breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) followed by infiltration of peripheral immune cells, cytotoxic proteins, and water. BBB breakdown and extravasation of these peripheral components into the brain parenchyma result in inflammation, oxidative stress, edema, excitotoxicity, and neurodegeneration. These downstream consequences of BBB dysfunction can drive pathophysiological processes and play a substantial role in the morbidity and mortality of acute and chronic neurological insults, and contribute to long-term sequelae. Preserving or rescuing BBB integrity and homeostasis therefore represents a translational research area of high therapeutic potential. Methods Induction of general and localized BBB disruption in mice was carried out using systemic administration of LPS and focal photothrombotic ischemic insult, respectively, in the presence and absence of the monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitor, CPD-4645. The effects of CPD-4645 treatment were assessed by gene expression analysis performed on neurovascular-enriched brain fractions, cytokine and inflammatory mediator measurement, and functional assessment of BBB permeability. The mechanism of action of CPD-4645 was studied pharmacologically using inverse agonists/antagonists of the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. Results Here, we demonstrate that the neurovasculature exhibits a unique transcriptional signature following inflammatory insults, and pharmacological inhibition of MAGL using a newly characterized inhibitor rescues the transcriptional profile of brain vasculature and restores its functional homeostasis. This pronounced effect of MAGL inhibition on blood-brain barrier permeability is evident following both systemic inflammatory and localized ischemic insults. Mechanistically, the protective effects of the MAGL inhibitor are partially mediated by cannabinoid receptor signaling in the ischemic brain insult. Conclusions Our results support considering MAGL inhibitors as potential therapeutics for BBB dysfunction and cerebral edema associated with inflammatory brain insults. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1166-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Piro
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. .,Present Address: Abbvie Inc., 200 Sidney St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Georgette L Suidan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Present Address: Biogen, 225 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jie Quan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - YeQing Pi
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Present Address: Biogen, 225 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Sharon M O'Neill
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Present Address: Biogen, 225 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Marissa Ilardi
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Present Address: NYU School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Thomas A Lanz
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Present Address: Biogen, 225 Binney St., Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Hualin Xi
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Present Address: Abbvie Inc., 200 Sidney St., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Robert D Bell
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Tarek A Samad
- Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. .,Present Address: Sanofi R&D, 49 New York Ave., Framingham, MA, 01701, USA.
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32
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Nurden A. Platelets, inflammation and tissue regeneration. Thromb Haemost 2017; 105 Suppl 1:S13-33. [DOI: 10.1160/ths10-11-0720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SummaryBlood platelets have long been recognised to bring about primary haemostasis with deficiencies in platelet production and function manifesting in bleeding while upregulated function favourises arterial thrombosis. Yet increasing evidence indicates that platelets fulfil a much wider role in health and disease. First, they store and release a wide range of biologically active substances including the panoply of growth factors, chemokines and cytokines released from α-granules. Membrane budding gives rise to microparticles (MPs), another active participant within the blood stream. Platelets are essential for the innate immune response and combat infection (viruses, bacteria, micro-organisms). They help maintain and modulate inflammation and are a major source of pro-inflammatory molecules (e.g. P-selectin, tissue factor, CD40L, metalloproteinases). As well as promoting coagulation, they are active in fibrinolysis; wound healing, angiogenesis and bone formation as well as in maternal tissue and foetal vascular remodelling. Activated platelets and MPs intervene in the propagation of major diseases. They are major players in atherosclerosis and related diseases, pathologies of the central nervous system (Alzheimers disease, multiple sclerosis), cancer and tumour growth. They participate in other tissue-related acquired pathologies such as skin diseases and allergy, rheumatoid arthritis, liver disease; while, paradoxically, autologous platelet-rich plasma and platelet releasate are being used as an aid to promote tissue repair and cellular growth. The above mentioned roles of platelets are now discussed.
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Ren HY, Khera A, de Lemos JA, Ayers CR, Rohatgi A. Soluble endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule and incident cardiovascular events in a multiethnic population. Am Heart J 2017; 191:55-61. [PMID: 28888270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell adhesion molecules are key regulators of atherosclerotic plaque development, but circulating levels of soluble fragments, such as intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1), have yielded conflicting associations with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule (ESAM) is expressed exclusively in platelets and endothelial cells, and soluble ESAM (sESAM) levels have been associated with prevalent subclinical atherosclerosis. We therefore hypothesized that sESAM would be associated with incident ASCVD. METHODS sESAM, sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1 were measured in 2,442 participants without CVD in the Dallas Heart Study, a probability-based population sample aged 30-65 years enrolled between 2000 and 2002. ASCVD was defined as first myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, or CV death. A total of 162 ASCVD events were analyzed over 10.4 years. RESULTS Increasing sESAM was associated with ASCVD, independent of risk factors (HR Q4 vs Q1: 2.7, 95% CI 1.6-4.6). Serial adjustment for renal function, sICAM-1, VCAM-1, and prevalent coronary calcium did not attenuate these associations. Continuous ESAM demonstrated similar findings (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.2-1.4). Addition of sESAM to traditional risk factors improved discrimination and reclassification (delta c-index: P = .009; integrated-discrimination-improvement index P = .001; net reclassification index = 0.42, 95% CI 0.15-0.68). Neither sICAM-1 nor sVCAM-1 was independently associated with ASCVD. CONCLUSIONS sESAM but not sICAM-1 or sVCAM-1 levels are associated with incident ASCVD. Further studies are warranted to investigate the role of sESAM in ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Amit Khera
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - James A de Lemos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Colby R Ayers
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Anand Rohatgi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
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Anti-Inflammatory Chromatinscape Suggests Alternative Mechanisms of Glucocorticoid Receptor Action. Immunity 2017; 47:298-309.e5. [PMID: 28801231 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of glucocorticoids (GCs), their anti-inflammatory effects are not understood mechanistically. Numerous investigations have examined the effects of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation prior to inflammatory challenges. However, clinical situations are emulated by a GC intervention initiated in the midst of rampant inflammatory responses. To characterize the effects of a late GC treatment, we profiled macrophage transcriptional and chromatinscapes with Dexamethasone (Dex) treatment before or after stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The late activation of GR had a similar gene-expression profile as from GR pre-activation, while ameliorating the disruption of metabolic genes. Chromatin occupancy of GR was not predictive of Dex-regulated gene expression, contradicting the "trans-repression by tethering" model. Rather, GR activation resulted in genome-wide blockade of NF-κB interaction with chromatin and directly induced inhibitors of NF-κB and AP-1. Our investigation using GC treatments with clinically relevant timing highlights mechanisms underlying GR actions for modulating the "inflamed epigenome."
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35
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Sekhon UDS, Sen Gupta A. Platelets and Platelet-Inspired Biomaterials Technologies in Wound Healing Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 4:1176-1192. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ujjal Didar Singh Sekhon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44102, United States
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44102, United States
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36
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Circulating soluble P-selectin must dimerize to promote inflammation and coagulation in mice. Blood 2017; 130:181-191. [PMID: 28515093 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-02-770479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion to P-selectin on activated platelets and endothelial cells induces shedding of the P-selectin ectodomain into the circulation. Plasma soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) is elevated threefold to fourfold in patients with cardiovascular disease. Circulating sP-selectin is thought to trigger signaling in leukocytes that directly contributes to inflammation and thrombosis. However, sP-selectin likely circulates as a monomer, and in vitro studies suggest that sP-selectin must dimerize to induce signaling in leukocytes. To address this discrepancy, we expressed the entire ectodomain of mouse P-selectin as a monomer (sP-selectin) or as a disulfide-linked dimer fused to the Fc portion of mouse immunoglobulin G (sP-selectin-Fc). Dimeric sP-selectin-Fc, but not monomeric sP-selectin, triggered integrin-dependent adhesion of mouse leukocytes in vitro. Antibody-induced oligomerization of sP-selectin or sP-selectin-Fc was required to trigger formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Injecting sP-selectin-Fc, but not sP-selectin, into mice augmented integrin-dependent adhesion of neutrophils in venules, generated tissue factor-bearing microparticles, shortened plasma-clotting times, and increased thrombus frequency in the inferior vena cava. Furthermore, transgenic mice that overexpressed monomeric sP-selectin did not exhibit increased inflammation or thrombosis. We conclude that elevated plasma sP-selectin is a consequence rather than a cause of cardiovascular disease.
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Ahmadsei M, Lievens D, Weber C, von Hundelshausen P, Gerdes N. Immune-mediated and lipid-mediated platelet function in atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol 2015; 26:438-48. [PMID: 26270811 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide. Detailed knowledge of the mechanisms of atherosclerosis, the main underlying disease of CVD, will enable improved preventive and therapeutic options, thus potentially limiting the burden of vascular disease in aging societies. A large body of evidence illustrates the contribution of platelets to processes beyond their traditionally recognized role as mediators in thrombosis and hemostasis. Recent advances in molecular biology help to understand the complexity of atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS This article outlines the role of platelets as modulators of immune responses in the context of atherosclerosis. It provides a short overview of interactions between platelets and endothelial cells or immune cells via direct cell contact or soluble factors during atherogenesis. By means of some well examined, exemplary pathways (e.g. CD40/CD40L dyad), this article will discuss recent discoveries in immune-related function of platelets. We also focus on the relationship between platelets and the lipid metabolism highlighting potential consequences to atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. SUMMARY A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of platelet-related immune activity allows their utilization as powerful diagnostic tools or targets of therapeutic intervention. Those findings might help to develop new classes of drugs which may supplement or replace classical anticoagulants and help clinicians to tackle CVD more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maiwand Ahmadsei
- aInstitute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany bDZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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38
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P-selectin promotes neutrophil extracellular trap formation in mice. Blood 2015; 126:242-6. [PMID: 25979951 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-01-624023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) can be released in the vasculature. In addition to trapping microbes, they promote inflammatory and thrombotic diseases. Considering that P-selectin induces prothrombotic and proinflammatory signaling, we studied the role of this selectin in NET formation. NET formation (NETosis) was induced by thrombin-activated platelets rosetting with neutrophils and was inhibited by anti-P-selectin aptamer or anti-P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) inhibitory antibody but was not induced by platelets from P-selectin(-/-) mice. Moreover, NETosis was also promoted by P-selectin-immunoglobulin fusion protein but not by control immunoglobulin. We isolated neutrophils from mice engineered to overproduce soluble P-selectin (P-selectin(ΔCT/ΔCT) mice). Although the levels of circulating DNA and nucleosomes (indicative of spontaneous NETosis) were normal in these mice, basal neutrophil histone citrullination and presence of P-selectin on circulating neutrophils were elevated. NET formation after stimulation with platelet activating factor, ionomycin, or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was significantly enhanced, indicating that the P-selectin(ΔCT/ΔCT) neutrophils were primed for NETosis. In summary, P-selectin, cellular or soluble, through binding to PSGL-1, promotes NETosis, suggesting that this pathway is a potential therapeutic target for NET-related diseases.
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Bielinski SJ, Berardi C, Decker PA, Kirsch PS, Larson NB, Pankow JS, Sale M, de Andrade M, Sicotte H, Tang W, Hanson NQ, Wassel CL, Polak JF, Tsai MY. P-selectin and subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Atherosclerosis 2015; 240:3-9. [PMID: 25744700 PMCID: PMC4397161 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE P-selectin is a cellular adhesion molecule that has been shown to be crucial in development of coronary heart disease (CHD). We sought to determine the role of P-selectin on the risk of atherosclerosis in a large multi-ethnic population. METHODS Data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), including 1628 African, 702 Chinese, 2393 non-Hispanic white, and 1302 Hispanic Americans, were used to investigate the association of plasma P-selectin with CHD risk factors, coronary artery calcium (CAC), intima-media thickness, and CHD. Regression models were used to investigate the association between P-selectin and risk factors, Tobit model for CAC, and Cox regression for CHD events. RESULTS Mean levels of P-selectin differed by ethnicity and were higher in men (P<0.001). For all ethnic groups, P-selectin was positively associated with measures of adiposity, blood pressure, current smoking, LDL, and triglycerides and inversely with HDL. A significant ethnic interaction was observed for the association of P-selectin and prevalent diabetes; however, P-selectin was positively associated with HbA1c in all groups. Higher P-selectin levels were associated with greater prevalence of CAC. Over 10.1 years of follow-up, there were 335 incident CHD events. There was a positive linear association between P-selectin levels and rate of incident CHD after adjustment for traditional risk factors. However, association was only significant in non-Hispanic white Americans (HR: 1.81, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.07, P=0.027). CONCLUSION We observed ethnic heterogeneity in the association of P-selectin and risk of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzette J Bielinski
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Cecilia Berardi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Paul A Decker
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Phillip S Kirsch
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Nicholas B Larson
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Michele Sale
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, VA, USA.
| | - Mariza de Andrade
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Hugues Sicotte
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Weihong Tang
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Naomi Q Hanson
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Christina L Wassel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Joseph F Polak
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Boligan KF, Mesa C, Fernandez LE, von Gunten S. Cancer intelligence acquired (CIA): tumor glycosylation and sialylation codes dismantling antitumor defense. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1231-48. [PMID: 25487607 PMCID: PMC11113383 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a key feature of malignant transformation and reflects epigenetic and genetic anomalies among the multitude of molecules involved in glycan biosynthesis. Although glycan biosynthesis is not template bound, altered tumor glycosylation is not random, but associated with common glycosylation patterns. Evidence suggests that acquisition of distinct glycosylation patterns evolves from a 'microevolutionary' process conferring advantages in terms of tumor growth, tumor dissemination, and immune escape. Such glycosylation modifications also involve xeno- and hypersialylation. Xeno-autoantigens such as Neu5Gc-gangliosides provide potential targets for immunotherapy. Hypersialylation may display 'enhanced self' to escape immunosurveillance and involves several not mutually exclusive inhibitory pathways that all rely on protein-glycan interactions. A better understanding of tumor 'glycan codes' as deciphered by lectins, such as siglecs, selectins, C-type lectins and galectins, may lead to novel treatment strategies, not only in cancer, but also in autoimmune disease or transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayluz Frias Boligan
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 49, 3010, Bern, Switzerland,
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41
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Nording HM, Seizer P, Langer HF. Platelets in inflammation and atherogenesis. Front Immunol 2015; 6:98. [PMID: 25798138 PMCID: PMC4351644 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets contribute to processes beyond thrombus formation and may play a so far underestimated role as an immune cell in various circumstances. This review outlines immune functions of platelets in host defense, but also how they may contribute to mechanisms of infectious diseases. A particular emphasis is placed on the interaction of platelets with other immune cells. Furthermore, this article outlines the features of atherosclerosis as an inflammatory vascular disease highlighting the role of platelet crosstalk with cellular and soluble factors involved in atheroprogression. Understanding, how platelets influence these processes of vascular remodeling will shed light on their role for tissue homeostasis beyond intravascular thrombosis. Finally, translational implications of platelet-mediated inflammation in atherosclerosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry M. Nording
- University Clinic for Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Cardioimmunology, Eberhard Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Seizer
- University Clinic for Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald F. Langer
- University Clinic for Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Cardioimmunology, Eberhard Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Gremmel T, Koppensteiner R, Kaider A, Eichelberger B, Mannhalter C, Panzer S. Impact of variables of the P-selectin - P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 axis on leukocyte-platelet interactions in cardiovascular disease. Thromb Haemost 2014; 113:806-12. [PMID: 25428141 DOI: 10.1160/th14-08-0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The formation of leukocyte-platelet aggregates (LPA), through the P-selectin - P-selectin glycoprotein ligand (PSGL)-1 axis, plays a pivotal role in atherothrombosis. In order to investigate the influence of platelet (pP-selectin) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), and of variations in the genes encoding for P-selectin (SELP) and PSGL-1 (SELPLG) on LPA formation, we assessed monocyte (MPA)- and neutrophil-platelet aggregates (NPA) as well as pP-selectin by flow cytometry in 263 patients undergoing angioplasty and stenting. sP-selectin was determined by ELISA, the SELP Pro715 allele and the SELPLG Ile62 allele were determined by allele specific PCR. The Pro715 allele was significantly associated with lower levels of in vivo pP-selectin and sP-selectin, while agonists´ inducible pP-selectin was not influenced by the Pro715 allele. PP-selectin was significantly associated with MPA and NPA formation. The in vivo formation of MPA and NPA depended to 19 % and 7.4 %, respectively, on in vivo pP-selectin, irrespective of the Pro715 allele and the Ile62 allele carrier status. TRAP-6 inducible MPA and NPA depended to 34 % and 27 %, respectively, on TRAP-6 inducible pP-selectin, but were independent of the Pro715 allele carrier status. Carriers of the Ile62 allele showed a stronger correlation between TRAP-6 inducible pP-selectin and TRAP-6 inducible MPA/NPA than non-carriers. Furthermore, TRAP-6 inducible NPA were higher in Ile62 allele carriers, which suggests higher thrombin sensitivity. In conclusion, our findings point to the significant role of pP-selectin for MPA and NPA formation, while other variables like sP-selectin, the SELP Pro715 allele and the SELPLG Ile62 allele have less influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gremmel
- Thomas Gremmel, MD, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria, Tel.: +431 40400 4671, Fax: +431 40400 4665, E-mail:
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Yang Q, Cao W, Zhou X, Cao W, Xie Y, Wang S. Anti-thrombotic effects of α-linolenic acid isolated from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seeds. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:348. [PMID: 25252789 PMCID: PMC4180314 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The current study was to evaluate the anti-thrombotic effect of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) which was isolated and purified from Jiaomu in vivo. Methods The seeds were crushed and subsequently subjected to saponification, acid hydrolysis, gradient freezing, urea inclusion and complexation of silver nitrate to obtain the unsaturated fatty acids. The chemical characteristics of isolated ALA were validated by 1HNMR, 13CNMR and mass spectrometry, and then the anti-thrombotic effect of ALA and its mixture with linoleic acid (1:1) were evaluated in the following experiments. Results The alpha-linolenic acid was isolated and purified from Jiaomu through our newly established methods. ALA and its mixture with linoleic acid can prolong the hemorrhage and coagulation time as well as enhanced the survival rate of mice subjected to collagen-adrenaline induced thrombosis. In addition, the thrombosis on A-V bypass and platelet aggregation of rats will be reduced after treated with ALA or its mixture, and the expression level of Akt and PI3K protein decreased 26% and 31%, respectively. Conclusions We designed and optimized a very simple and high-yield procedure to isolate ALA and linoleic acid mixture from seeds of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim and demonstrated that such mixture can obtain a good anti-thrombotic effect through the modulation of PI3K/Akt signaling.
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Franchini M, Mannucci PM. ABO blood group and thrombotic vascular disease. Thromb Haemost 2014; 112:1103-9. [PMID: 25187297 DOI: 10.1160/th14-05-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
ABO blood group antigens are complex carbohydrate molecules expressed on red blood cells and a variety of tissues. The ABO blood type is implicated in the development of a number of human diseases and there is increasing evidence regarding its involvement in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders, mainly through its effect on von Willebrand factor levels. In this review, after a brief analysis of the potential molecular mechanisms by which the blood group influences haemostasis, we focus on the clinical implications of such interaction. Overall, the literature data document the close relationship between venous thromboembolism (VTE) and non-O blood type, which is associated with an approximately two-fold increased risk of venous thrombosis. A supra-additive effect on VTE risk is observed when an inherited thrombophilic condition is associated with non-O blood group. A weaker association exists between non-O blood type and arterial thrombosis, which needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Franchini
- Massimo Franchini, MD, Director, Dipartimento di Medicina Trasfusionale ed Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliera Carlo Poma, Mantova, Italy, Tel.: +39 0376 201234, Fax: +39 0376 220144, E-mail:
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Jilma-Stohlawetz P, Mannhalter C, Kaider A, Waidacher T, Jilma B, Panzer S. The association of the Thr715Pro P-selectin genotype with levels of P-selectin in platelet concentrates. Vox Sang 2014; 107:368-74. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Jilma-Stohlawetz
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - C. Mannhalter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - A. Kaider
- Section for Clinical Biometrics; Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - T. Waidacher
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - B. Jilma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - S. Panzer
- Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
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Woollard KJ, Lumsden NG, Andrews KL, Aprico A, Harris E, Irvine JC, Jefferis AM, Fang L, Kanellakis P, Bobik A, Chin-Dusting JPF. Raised soluble P-selectin moderately accelerates atherosclerotic plaque progression. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97422. [PMID: 24846287 PMCID: PMC4028245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin), a biomarker of inflammatory related pathologies including cardiovascular and peripheral vascular diseases, also has pro-atherosclerotic effects including the ability to increase leukocyte recruitment and modulate thrombotic responses in vivo. The current study explores its role in progressing atherosclerotic plaque disease. Apoe−/− mice placed on a high fat diet (HFD) were given daily injections of recombinant dimeric murine P-selectin (22.5 µg/kg/day) for 8 or 16 weeks. Saline or sE-selectin injections were used as negative controls. In order to assess the role of sP-selectin on atherothrombosis an experimental plaque remodelling murine model, with sm22α-hDTR Apoe−/− mice on a HFD in conjunction with delivery of diphtheria toxin to induce targeted vascular smooth muscle apoptosis, was used. These mice were similarly given daily injections of sP-selectin for 8 or 16 weeks. While plaque mass and aortic lipid content did not change with sP-selectin treatment in Apoe−/− or SM22α-hDTR Apoe−/− mice on HFD, increased plasma MCP-1 and a higher plaque CD45 content in Apoe−/− HFD mice was observed. As well, a significant shift towards a more unstable plaque phenotype in the SM22α-hDTR Apoe−/− HFD mice, with increased macrophage accumulation and lower collagen content, leading to a lower plaque stability index, was observed. These results demonstrate that chronically raised sP-selectin favours progression of an unstable atherosclerotic plaque phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Woollard
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Karen L. Andrews
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrea Aprico
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma Harris
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Lu Fang
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Kanellakis
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alex Bobik
- Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Hypoxia Signaling Regulates Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Expression in Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:155-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhou DH, Wang Y, Hu WN, Wang LJ, Wang Q, Chi M, Jin YZ. SELP genetic polymorphisms may contribute to the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:3369-80. [PMID: 24504449 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a meta-analysis of case-control studies to determine whether SELP genetic polymorphisms contribute to the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease (CHD) and myocardial infarction (MI). A range of electronic databases were searched: MEDLINE (1966-2013), the Cochrane Library Database (Issue 12, 2013), EMBASE (1980-2013), CINAHL (1982-2013), Web of Science (1945-2013) and the Chinese biomedical database (1982-2013) without language restrictions. Meta-analysis was performed with the use of the STATA statistical software. Nine case-control studies with a total of 3,154 CHD patients, 1,608 MI patients and 17,304 healthy controls were involved in this meta-analysis. Six common polymorphisms in the SELE gene were assessed, including -1969G/A (rs1800805 G>A), -1817T/C (rs1800808 T>C), -2123C/G (rs1800807 C>G), Thr715Pro (rs6136 A>C), Leu599Val (rs6133 G>T), and Ser290Asn (rs6131 C>T). Our findings illustrated significantly positive associations of SELE genetic polymorphisms with the development of CHD and MI. The results of subgroup analysis by SNP type indicated that -1969G/A, -1817T/C, -2123C/G, Thr715Pro and Ser290Asn in the SELP gene might be strongly correlated with CHD and MI risk, but no similar results were found in SELP Leu599Val polymorphism. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, our results indicated significant relationships between SELE genetic polymorphisms and the pathogenesis of CHD and MI among Asians and Caucasians. However, we observed no significant associations between SELP genetic polymorphisms and the risk of CHD and MI among Africans. Our findings provide empirical evidence that SELE genetic polymorphisms may contribute to the pathogenesis of CHD and MI, especially among Asians and Caucasians. Thus, SELP genetic polymorphisms could be potential and practical biomarkers for early diagnosis of CHD and MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hui Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110032, People's Republic of China
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Shan LY, Li JZ, Zu LY, Niu CG, Ferro A, Zhang YD, Zheng LM, Ji Y. Platelet-derived microparticles are implicated in remote ischemia conditioning in a rat model of cerebral infarction. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 19:917-25. [PMID: 24267641 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Remote ischemic preconditioning protects against ischemic organ damage by giving short periods of subcritical ischemia to a remote organ. We tested the hypothesis that remote ischemic conditioning can attenuate cerebral stroke in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model by microparticles (MPs). METHODS AND RESULTS MPs were extracted from healthy rats that underwent hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion preconditioning (RIPC), and were transfused into rats that had undergone MCAO without RIPC. The transfusion resulted in an increase in platelet-derived MPs in blood and reduction in infarction area, confirmed by both 2-3-5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and magnetic resonance imaging, albeit to a lesser degree than RIPC itself. Behavioral tests (modified Neurological Severity Score [mNSS]) were calculated to judge the behavioral change. However, no significant difference was observed after MP transfusion in 24 h or the following consecutive 9 days. CONCLUSIONS RIPC induces an increase in MPs, and platelet-derived MPs may confer at least part of the remote protective effect against cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yang Shan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Habets KLL, Huizinga TWJ, Toes REM. Platelets and autoimmunity. Eur J Clin Invest 2013; 43:746-57. [PMID: 23617819 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vascular injury is the initial manifestation of inflammation resulting in the recruitment and activation of various cell types. The integrity of the vascular wall is monitored by platelets that become activated in the presence of exposed subendothelium. Besides their well-established role in haemostasis, ample data are now emerging on the many immunoregulatory functions of platelets. Platelets store and release a large plethora of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. They also represent the largest circulating pool of many inflammatory mediators like P-selectin, CD40L and non-neuronal serotonin. Furthermore, complement activation occurs on the platelet surface and deposition of complement results in platelet activation. Overall, platelets have multiple functions in both innate and adaptive immunity. Further insight into the multifaceted role of platelets could therefore provide important clues into how we could implement current platelet therapy to reduce both platelet-induced thrombosis and inflammation. In this review, we discuss the current perceptions of platelet involvement in various autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis and multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim L L Habets
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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