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Abdelwahab WM, Le-Vinh B, Riffey A, Hicks L, Buhl C, Ettenger G, Jackson KJ, Weiss AM, Miller S, Ryter K, Evans JT, Burkhart DJ. Promotion of Th17 Polarized Immunity via Co-Delivery of Mincle Agonist and Tuberculosis Antigen Using Silica Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3877-3889. [PMID: 38832760 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants and immunomodulators that effectively drive a Th17-skewed immune response are not part of the standard vaccine toolkit. Vaccine adjuvants and delivery technologies that can induce Th17 or Th1/17 immunity and protection against bacterial pathogens, such as tuberculosis (TB), are urgently needed. Th17-polarized immune response can be induced using agonists that bind and activate C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) such as macrophage inducible C-type lectin (Mincle). A simple but effective strategy was developed for codelivering Mincle agonists with the recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion antigen, M72, using tunable silica nanoparticles (SNP). Anionic bare SNP, hydrophobic phenyl-functionalized SNP (P-SNP), and cationic amine-functionalized SNP (A-SNP) of different sizes were coated with three synthetic Mincle agonists, UM-1024, UM-1052, and UM-1098, and evaluated for adjuvant activity in vitro and in vivo. The antigen and adjuvant were coadsorbed onto SNP via electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, facilitating multivalent display and delivery to antigen presenting cells. The cationic A-SNP showed the highest coloading efficiency for the antigen and adjuvant. In addition, the UM-1098-adsorbed A-SNP formulation demonstrated slow-release kinetics in vitro, excellent stability over 12 months of storage, and strong IL-6 induction from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Co-adsorption of UM-1098 and M72 on A-SNP significantly improved antigen-specific humoral and Th17-polarized immune responses in vivo in BALB/c mice relative to the controls. Taken together, A-SNP is a promising platform for codelivery and proper presentation of adjuvants and antigens and provides the basis for their further development as a vaccine delivery platform for immunization against TB or other diseases for which Th17 immunity contributes to protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid M Abdelwahab
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Bao Le-Vinh
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Alexander Riffey
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Linda Hicks
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Cassandra Buhl
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - George Ettenger
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Konner J Jackson
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Inimmune Corporation, 1121 East Broadway, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Adam M Weiss
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Shannon Miller
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Inimmune Corporation, 1121 East Broadway, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Kendal Ryter
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Inimmune Corporation, 1121 East Broadway, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - Jay T Evans
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Inimmune Corporation, 1121 East Broadway, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
| | - David J Burkhart
- Center for Translational Medicine, 32 campus drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
- Inimmune Corporation, 1121 East Broadway, Missoula, Montana 59812, United States
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de Castro FDOF, Guilarde AO, Souza LCS, Guimarães RF, Pereira AJCS, Romão PRT, Pfrimer IAH, Fonseca SG. Polarization of HIV-1- and CMV-Specific IL-17-Producing T Cells among People with HIV under Antiretroviral Therapy with Cannabis and/or Cocaine Usage. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:465. [PMID: 38675425 PMCID: PMC11054529 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the influence of cannabis and/or cocaine use in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T-cell responses of people with HIV (PWH). RESULTS There was a higher percentage of IL-17-producing HIV-Gag-specific CD8+ T-cells in all drug users than that in PWH non-drug users. Stratifying the drug-user groups, increased percentages of IL-17-producing HIV-Gag-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were found in PWH cannabis plus cocaine users compared to PWH non-drug users. In response to CMV, there were higher percentage of IL-17-producing CMV-specific CD8+ T-cell in PWH cocaine users than that in PWH non-drug users. Considering all drug users together, there was a higher percentage of SEB-stimulated IL-17-producing CD4+ T-cells than that in PWH non-drug users, whereas cannabis users had higher percentages of IL-17-producing CD4+ T-cells compared to non-drug users. METHODS Cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 37 PWH undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) using cannabis (10), cocaine (7), or cannabis plus cocaine (10) and non-drug users (10) were stimulated with HIV-1 Gag or CMV-pp65 peptide pools, or staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and evaluated for IFN-γ- and/or IL-17A-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells using flow cytometry. CONCLUSIONS Cannabis plus cocaine use increased HIV-specific IL-17 producing T-cells and cocaine use increased IL-17 CMV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses which could favor the inflammatory conditions associated with IL-17 overproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Oliveira Feitosa de Castro
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil; (F.d.O.F.d.C.); (A.O.G.); (L.C.S.S.)
- Escola de Ciências Médicas e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás (PUC-Goiás), Goiânia 74605-140, GO, Brazil
| | - Adriana Oliveira Guilarde
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil; (F.d.O.F.d.C.); (A.O.G.); (L.C.S.S.)
| | - Luiz Carlos Silva Souza
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil; (F.d.O.F.d.C.); (A.O.G.); (L.C.S.S.)
| | | | | | - Pedro Roosevelt Torres Romão
- Laboratório de Imunologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil;
| | | | - Simone Gonçalves Fonseca
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, GO, Brazil; (F.d.O.F.d.C.); (A.O.G.); (L.C.S.S.)
- iii-INCT-Instituto de Investigação em Imunologia, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, São Paulo 05403-900, SP, Brazil
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Finn CM, McKinstry KK. Ex Pluribus Unum: The CD4 T Cell Response against Influenza A Virus. Cells 2024; 13:639. [PMID: 38607077 PMCID: PMC11012043 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Current Influenza A virus (IAV) vaccines, which primarily aim to generate neutralizing antibodies against the major surface proteins of specific IAV strains predicted to circulate during the annual 'flu' season, are suboptimal and are characterized by relatively low annual vaccine efficacy. One approach to improve protection is for vaccines to also target the priming of virus-specific T cells that can protect against IAV even in the absence of preexisting neutralizing antibodies. CD4 T cells represent a particularly attractive target as they help to promote responses by other innate and adaptive lymphocyte populations and can also directly mediate potent effector functions. Studies in murine models of IAV infection have been instrumental in moving this goal forward. Here, we will review these findings, focusing on distinct subsets of CD4 T cell effectors that have been shown to impact outcomes. This body of work suggests that a major challenge for next-generation vaccines will be to prime a CD4 T cell population with the same spectrum of functional diversity generated by IAV infection. This goal is encapsulated well by the motto 'ex pluribus unum': that an optimal CD4 T cell response comprises many individual specialized subsets responding together.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K. Kai McKinstry
- Immunity and Pathogenesis Division, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA;
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Alvarez F, Liu Z, Bay A, Piccirillo CA. Deciphering the developmental trajectory of tissue-resident Foxp3 + regulatory T cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1331846. [PMID: 38605970 PMCID: PMC11007185 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ TREG cells have been at the focus of intense investigation for their recognized roles in preventing autoimmunity, facilitating tissue recuperation following injury, and orchestrating a tolerance to innocuous non-self-antigens. To perform these critical tasks, TREG cells undergo deep epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional changes that allow them to adapt to conditions found in tissues both at steady-state and during inflammation. The path leading TREG cells to express these tissue-specialized phenotypes begins during thymic development, and is further driven by epigenetic and transcriptional modifications following TCR engagement and polarizing signals in the periphery. However, this process is highly regulated and requires TREG cells to adopt strategies to avoid losing their regulatory program altogether. Here, we review the origins of tissue-resident TREG cells, from their thymic and peripheral development to the transcriptional regulators involved in their tissue residency program. In addition, we discuss the distinct signalling pathways that engage the inflammatory adaptation of tissue-resident TREG cells, and how they relate to their ability to recognize tissue and pathogen-derived danger signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alvarez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Bay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ciriaco A. Piccirillo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology (CETI), Montréal, QC, Canada
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5
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Liu X, Chen L, Peng W, Deng H, Ni H, Tong H, Hu H, Wang S, Qian J, Liang A, Chen K. Th17/Treg balance: the bloom and wane in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1356869. [PMID: 38558800 PMCID: PMC10978743 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1356869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a multi-organ dysfunction characterized by an unregulated host response to infection. It is associated with high morbidity, rapid disease progression, and high mortality. Current therapies mainly focus on symptomatic treatment, such as blood volume supplementation and antibiotic use, but their effectiveness is limited. Th17/Treg balance, based on its inflammatory property, plays a crucial role in determining the direction of the inflammatory response and the regression of organ damage in sepsis patients. This review provides a summary of the changes in T-helper (Th) 17 cell and regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation and function during sepsis, the heterogeneity of Th17/Treg balance in the inflammatory response, and the relationship between Th17/Treg balance and organ damage. Th17/Treg balance exerts significant control over the bloom and wanes in host inflammatory response throughout sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Longwang Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongsheng Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongying Ni
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongjie Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hangbo Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Andong Liang
- Nursing Faculty, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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Gautam N, Ramamoorthi G, Champion N, Han HS, Czerniecki BJ. Reviewing the significance of dendritic cell vaccines in interrupting breast cancer development. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 95:101239. [PMID: 38150884 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2023.101239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and is the most prevalent cancer in women. According to the U.S breast cancer statistics, about 1 in every 8 women develop an invasive form of breast cancer during their lifetime. Immunotherapy has been a significant advancement in the treatment of cancer with multiple studies reporting favourable patient outcomes by modulating the immune response to cancer cells. Here, we review the significance of dendritic cell vaccines in treating breast cancer patients. We discuss the involvement of dendritic cells and oncodrivers in breast tumorigenesis, highlighting the rationale for targeting oncodrivers and neoantigens using dendritic cell vaccine therapy. We review different dendritic cell subsets and maturation states previously used to develop vaccines and suggest the use of DC vaccines for breast cancer prevention. Further, we highlight that the intratumoral delivery of type 1 dendritic cell vaccines in breast cancer patients activates tumor antigen-specific CD4+ T helper cell type 1 (Th1) cells, promoting an anti-tumorigenic immune response while concurrently blocking pro-tumorigenic responses. In summary, this review provides an overview of the current state of dendritic cell vaccines in breast cancer highlighting the challenges and considerations necessary for an efficient dendritic cell vaccine design in interrupting breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Gautam
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ganesan Ramamoorthi
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nicholas Champion
- Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hyo S Han
- Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Brian J Czerniecki
- Clinical Science & Immunology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Breast Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Huang L, Yang S, Yu X, Fang F, Zhu L, Wang L, Zhang X, Yang C, Qian Q, Zhu T. Association of different cell types and inflammation in early acne vulgaris. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1275269. [PMID: 38357543 PMCID: PMC10864487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1275269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris, one of the most common skin diseases, is a chronic cutaneous inflammation of the upper pilosebaceous unit (PSU) with complex pathogenesis. Inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. During the inflammatory process, the innate and adaptive immune systems are coordinately activated to induce immune responses. Understanding the infiltration and cytokine secretion of differential cells in acne lesions, especially in the early stages of inflammation, will provide an insight into the pathogenesis of acne. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the association of different cell types with inflammation in early acne vulgaris and provide a comprehensive understanding of skin inflammation and immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuyun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The People’s Hospital of Baoshan, Baoshan, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiuqin Yu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fumin Fang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Changzhi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qihong Qian
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Hoseinzadeh A, Mahmoudi M, Rafatpanah H, Rezaieyazdi Z, Tavakol Afshari J, Hosseini S, Esmaeili SA. A new generation of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells differentially trained by immunoregulatory probiotics in a lupus microenvironment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:358. [PMID: 38072921 PMCID: PMC10712058 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising intervention strategy in treating autoimmune inflammatory diseases. It should be stated that systemic immunoregulation is increasingly recognized among the beneficial effects of MSCs and probiotics in treating morbid autoimmune disorders such as lupus. This study aimed to determine if immunoregulatory probiotics L. rhamnosus or L. delbrueckii can change the immunomodulatory effects of MSCs in lupus-like disease. METHODS Pristane-induced lupus (PIL) mice model was created via intraperitoneal injection of Pristane and then confirmed. Naïve MSCs (N-MSCs) were coincubated with two Lactobacillus strains, rhamnosus (R-MSCs) or delbrueckii (D-MSCs), and/or a combination of both (DR-MSCs) for 48 h, then administrated intravenously in separate groups. Negative (PBS-treated normal mice) and positive control groups (PBS-treated lupus mice) were also investigated. At the end of the study, flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis were used to determine the percentage of Th cell subpopulations in splenocytes and the level of their master cytokines in sera, respectively. Moreover, lupus nephritis was investigated and compared. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Abnormalities in serum levels of anti-dsDNA antibodies, creatinine, and urine proteinuria were significantly suppressed by MSCs transplantation, whereas engrafted MSCs coincubation with both L. strains did a lesser effect on anti-dsDNA antibodies. L. rhamnosus significantly escalated the ability of MSCs to scale down the inflammatory cytokines (IFN-ɣ, IL-17), while L. delbrueckii significantly elevated the capacity of MSCs to scale down the percentage of Th cell subpopulations. However, incubation with both strains induced MSCs with augmented capacity in introducing inflammatory cytokines (IFN-ɣ, IL-17). Strikingly, R-MSCs directly restored the serum level of TGF-β more effectively and showed more significant improvement in disease parameters than N-MSCs. These results suggest that R-MSCs significantly attenuate lupus disease by further skew the immune phenotype of MSCs toward increased immunoregulation. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrated that Lactobacillus strains showed different capabilities in training/inducing new abilities in MSCs, in such a way that pretreated MSCs with L. rhamnosus might benefit the treatment of lupus-like symptoms, given their desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Hoseinzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Mahmoudi
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research Centre, Division of Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezaieyazdi
- Rheumatic Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jalil Tavakol Afshari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Hosseini
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Laudisi F, Stolfi C, Monteleone I, Monteleone G. TGF-β1 signaling and Smad7 control T-cell responses in health and immune-mediated disorders. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350460. [PMID: 37611637 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is produced by many immune and nonimmune cells and has pleiotropic effects on both innate and adaptive immunity, especially in the control of T-cell differentiation and function. Consistently, loss of TGF-β1 function is associated with exacerbated T-cell-dependent inflammatory responses that culminate in pathological processes in allergic and immune-mediated diseases. In this review, we highlight the roles of TGF-β1 in immunity, focusing mainly on its ability to promote differentiation of regulatory T cells, T helper (Th)-17, and Th9 cells, thus contributing to amplifying or restricting T-cell responses in health and human diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel diseases, type 1 diabetes, asthma, and MS). In addition, we discuss the involvement of Smad7, an inhibitor of TGF-β1 signaling, in immune-mediated disorders (e.g., psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, MS, and inflammatory bowel diseases), as well as the discordant results of clinical trials with mongersen, an oral pharmaceutical compound containing a Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide, in patients with Crohn's disease. Further work is needed to ascertain the reasons for such a discrepancy as well as to identify better candidates for treatment with Smad7 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Laudisi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Stolfi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Monteleone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Monteleone
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Richter F, Paget C, Apetoh L. STING-driven activation of T cells: relevance for the adoptive cell therapy of cancer. Cell Stress 2023; 7:95-104. [PMID: 37970489 PMCID: PMC10642958 DOI: 10.15698/cst2023.11.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) can successfully treat hematopoietic cancers but lacks efficacy against solid tumors. This is due to insufficient T cell infiltration, high tumor heterogeneity, frequent antigen loss with subsequent tumor escape, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Alternative methods to boost the anticancer efficacy of adoptively transferred cells are actively pursued. Among adjuvants that are utilized to stimulate anticancer immune responses, ligands of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway have received increasing attention. STING activation can trigger dendritic cell (DC) activation and endogenous immune responses, thereby preventing tumor escape. Activation of the STING pathway in the context of ACT was accordingly associated with improved T cell trafficking and persistence in the TME combined with the reduced presence of immunosuppressive cells. Recent findings also suggest cell-intrinsic effects of STING ligands on T cells. Activation of the STING signaling pathway was in this regard shown to enhance effector functions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, suggesting that the STING signaling could be exploited to harness T cell anticancer functions. In this review, we will discuss how the STING signaling can be used to enhance the anticancer efficacy of ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Richter
- Centre d'Étude des Pathologies Respiratoires, U1100, INSERM, Tours, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Christophe Paget
- Centre d'Étude des Pathologies Respiratoires, U1100, INSERM, Tours, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Lionel Apetoh
- Brown Center for Immunotherapy, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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11
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Khan IA, Singh N, Gunjan D, Gopi S, Dash NR, Gupta S, Saraya A. Increased circulating Th17 cell populations in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Immunogenetics 2023; 75:433-443. [PMID: 37540314 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-023-01318-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
T-helper 17 (Th17) cells are a subset of CD4+ helper T cells that produce interleukin 17 (IL-17) and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Few studies have been conducted to determine the role of Th17 cells in the tumorigenesis and development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, its role is still unclear. In this study, the percentage of circulating Th17 cells and serum levels of IL-17A and IL-23 were analyzed using flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively, in 40 PDAC patients, 30 chronic pancreatitis (CP) patients and 30 healthy controls (HC). In addition, the mRNA expression levels of IL-17A, STAT3 and RORγt in tissue samples were quantified by qRT-PCR. The results showed that the percentage of circulating Th17 cells and the concentrations of serum IL-17A and IL-23 were significantly increased in PDAC patients as compared to CP and HC (P < 0.001). In addition, the higher level of IL-17A was significantly correlated with the poor overall survival of the PDAC patients. Furthermore, the frequencies of Th17 cells and IL-17A were significantly higher in stage III+IV PDAC patients versus stage I+II. A significant increase in IL-17A, STAT3 and RORγT mRNA was observed in patients with PDAC. Taken together, these findings suggest that the increased circulating Th17 cells and serum IL-17A may be involved in the development and metastasis of PDAC, and thus represent potential targets for the treatment of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imteyaz Ahmad Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Gunjan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Srikant Gopi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Dash
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Gupta
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition Unit, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, 110029, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
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12
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Kubick N, Lazarczyk M, Strzałkowska N, Charuta A, Horbańczuk JO, Sacharczuk M, Mickael ME. Factors regulating the differences in frequency of infiltration of Th17 and Treg of the blood-brain barrier. Immunogenetics 2023; 75:417-423. [PMID: 37430007 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-023-01310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Controlling CD4+ immune cell infiltration of the brain is a leading aim in designing therapeutic strategies for a range of neuropathological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and depression. CD4+ T cells are a highly heterogeneous and reprogrammable family, which includes various distinctive cell types such as Th17, Th1, and Treg cells. Interestingly Th17 and Treg cells share a related transcriptomic profile, where the TGFβ-SMADS pathway plays a fundamental role in regulating the differentiation of both of these cell types. However, Th17 could be highly pathogenic and was shown to promote inflammation in various neuropathological disorders. Conversely, Treg is anti-inflammatory and is known to inhibit Th17. It could be noticed that Th17 frequencies of infiltration of the blood-brain barrier in various neurological disorders are significantly upregulated. However, Treg infiltration numbers are significantly low. The reasons behind these contradicting observations are still unknown. In this perspective, we propose that the difference in the T-cell receptor repertoire diversity, diapedesis pathways, chemokine expression, and mechanical properties of these two cell types could be contributing to answering this intriguing question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norwin Kubick
- Department of Biology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststr. 18, 22609, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marzena Lazarczyk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Nina Strzałkowska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Anna Charuta
- Institute of Health, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Ul. Konarskiego 2, 08-110, Siedlce, Poland
| | - Jarosław Olav Horbańczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sacharczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Warsaw Medical University, L Banacha 1, 02-697, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Michel Edwar Mickael
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzębiec, 05-552, Magdalenka, Poland.
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13
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Mandal A, Biswas N, Alam MN. Implications of xenobiotic-response element(s) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor in health and diseases. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1638-1655. [PMID: 37329424 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of air pollution on public health is severely detrimental. In humans; the physiological response against pollutants is mainly elicited via the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). It acts as a prime sensor of xenobiotic chemicals, also functioning as a transcription factor regulating a variety of gene expressions. Along with AhR, another pivotal element of the pollution stress pathway is Xenobiotic Response Elements (XREs). XRE, as studied are some conserved sequences in the DNA, responsible for the physiological response against pollutants. XRE is present at the upstream of the inducible target genes of AhR and it regulates the function of the AhR. XRE(s) are highly conserved in species as it has only eight specific sequences found so far in humans, mice, and rats. Inhalation of toxicants like dioxins, gaseous industrial effluents, and smoke from burning fuel and tobacco leads to predominant damage to the lungs. However, scientists are exploring the involvement of AhR in chronic diseases for example chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and also other lethal diseases like lung cancer. In this review, we summarise what is known at this time about the roles played by the XRE and AhR in our molecular systems that have a defined control in the normal maintenance of homeostasis as well as dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Mandal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Nabendu Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Md Nur Alam
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India.
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14
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Xing J, Man C, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Peng H. Factors impacting the benefits and pathogenicity of Th17 cells in the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224269. [PMID: 37680632 PMCID: PMC10481871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor development is closely associated with a complex tumor microenvironment, which is composed of tumor cells, blood vessels, tumor stromal cells, infiltrating immune cells, and associated effector molecules. T helper type 17 (Th17) cells, which are a subset of CD4+ T cells and are renowned for their ability to combat bacterial and fungal infections and mediate inflammatory responses, exhibit context-dependent effector functions. Within the tumor microenvironment, different molecular signals regulate the proliferation, differentiation, metabolic reprogramming, and phenotypic conversion of Th17 cells. Consequently, Th17 cells exert dual effects on tumor progression and can promote or inhibit tumor growth. This review aimed to investigate the impact of various alterations in the tumor microenvironment on the antitumor and protumor effects of Th17 cells to provide valuable clues for the exploration of additional tumor immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xing
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Changfeng Man
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yingzhao Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiyong Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Genetic Toxicology, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Yount KS, Kollipara A, Liu C, Zheng X, O'Connell CM, Bagwell B, Wiesenfeld HC, Hillier SL, Darville T. Unique T cell signatures are associated with reduced Chlamydia trachomatis reinfection in a highly exposed cohort. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.02.551709. [PMID: 37577476 PMCID: PMC10418240 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.02.551709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the United States, despite effective antibiotics. Information regarding natural immunity to CT will inform vaccine design. The objectives of this study were to determine immune cell populations and functional features associated with reduced risk of CT reinfection or endometrial CT infection. PBMCs were collected from a cohort of CT-exposed women who were tested for CT and other STIs at the cervix and endometrium (to determine ascension) and were repeatedly tested over the course of a year (to determine reinfection). Mass cytometry identified major immune populations and T cell subsets. Women with CT had increased CD4+ effector memory T cells (TEM) compared to uninfected women. Specifically, Th2, Th17, and Th17 DN CD4+ TEM were increased. Th17 and Th17 DN CD4+ central memory T cells (TCM) were increased in women who did not experience follow-up CT infection, suggesting that these cells may be important for protection. These data indicate that peripheral T cells display distinct features that correlate with natural immunity to CT and suggest that the highly plastic Th17 lineage plays a role in protection against reinfection.
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16
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Afzali S, Mohammadisoleimani E, Mansoori Y, Mohaghegh P, Bahmanyar M, Mansoori B, Pezeshki B, Nikfar G, Tavassoli A, Shahi A, Moravej A. The potential roles of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01763-7. [PMID: 37414985 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated chronic autoimmune disease, whose pathogenesis and etiology are not entirely understood. OLP is characterized by subepithelial lymphocyte infiltration and elevated intra-epithelial lymphocytes. The majority of lamina propria lymphocytes are CD4+ T cells. CD4+ helper T (Th) cells play a crucial role in activating CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) through interactions and cytokine production. Th1 and Th2 cells are well-accepted to be associated with OLP pathogenesis. However, OLP treatment is challenging yet, the more information we have about the pathology of OLP, the easier it will be treated. With the discovery of Th17 cells in recent years and the demonstration of their role in autoimmune disease, many researchers started to investigate the role of Th17 in the pathogenesis of OLP. METHODS To make up this review, studies covering the role of TH17 in different types of lichen planus were selected from major databases. RESULTS As we review in this article, Th17 cells and their signature cytokines play an important role in OLP pathogenesis. As well, utilizing some anti-IL-17 antibodies showed promising results in improving the disease; however, more studies are still needed to better understand and treat OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Afzali
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Poopak Mohaghegh
- Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Maryam Bahmanyar
- Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Behnam Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Babak Pezeshki
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ghasem Nikfar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavassoli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Abbas Shahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Ali Moravej
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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17
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Pan Y, Yang W, Tang B, Wang X, Zhang Q, Li W, Li L. The protective and pathogenic role of Th17 cell plasticity and function in the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1192303. [PMID: 37457739 PMCID: PMC10339829 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1192303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
At the turn of the century, researchers discovered a unique subtype of T helper cells that secretes IL-17 and defined it as Th17. The latest study found that Th17 cells play both positive and negative definitive roles in the regulation of antitumor immune responses. Although the function of Th17 in the tumor microenvironment remains poorly understood, more and more studies have shown that this paradoxical dual role is closely related to the plasticity of Th17 cells in recent decades. Further understanding of the characteristics of Th17 cells in the tumor microenvironment could yield novel and useful therapeutic approaches to treat cancer. In this review, we further present the high plasticity of Th17 cells and the function of Th17-producing IL-17 in tumor immunity.
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18
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Maeda K, Tanioka T, Takahashi R, Watanabe H, Sueki H, Takimoto M, Hashimoto SI, Ikeo K, Miwa Y, Kasama T, Iwamoto S. MCAM+CD161- Th17 Subset Expressing CD83 Enhances Tc17 Response in Psoriasis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1867-1881. [PMID: 37186262 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted the pathogenic roles of IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells (T-cytotoxic 17 [Tc17]) in psoriasis. However, the underlying mechanisms of Tc17 induction remain unclear. In this study, we focused on the pathogenic subsets of Th17 and their mechanism of promotion of Tc17 responses. We determined that the pathogenic Th17-enriched fraction expressed melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) and CCR6, but not CD161, because this subset produced IL-17A abundantly and the presence of these cells in the peripheral blood of patients has been correlated with the severity of psoriasis. Intriguingly, the serial analysis of gene expression revealed that CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells displayed the gene profile for adaptive immune responses, including CD83, which is an activator for CD8+ T cells. Coculture assay with or without intercellular contact between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells showed that CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells induced the proliferation of CD8+ T cells in a CD83-dependent manner. However, the production of IL-17A by CD8+ T cells required exogenous IL-17A, suggesting that intercellular contact via CD83 and the production of IL-17A from activated CD4+ T cells elicit Tc17 responses. Intriguingly, the CD83 expression was enhanced in the presence of IL-15, and CD83+ cells stimulated with IL-1β, IL-23, IL-15, and IL-15Rα did not express FOXP3. Furthermore, CCR6+MCAM+CD161-CD4+ T cells expressing CD83 were increased in the peripheral blood of patients, and the CD83+ Th17-type cells accumulated in the lesional skin of psoriasis. In conclusion, pathogenic MCAM+CD161- Th17 cells may be involved in the Tc17 responses via IL-17A and CD83 in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Maeda
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanioka
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Takahashi
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Sueki
- Department of Dermatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Takimoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Kazuho Ikeo
- DNA Data Analysis Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miwa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kasama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanju Iwamoto
- Division of Physiology and Pathology, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, Showa University School of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Yang Q, Wei Y, Zhu Y, Guo J, Zhang J, He Y, Li X, Liu J, Zhou W. The Interaction between Gut Microbiota and Host Amino Acids Metabolism in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071942. [PMID: 37046603 PMCID: PMC10093363 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although novel therapies have dramatically improved outcomes for multiple myeloma (MM) patients, relapse is inevitable and overall outcomes are heterogeneous. The gut microbiota is becoming increasingly recognized for its influence on host metabolism. To date, evidence has suggested that the gut microbiota contributes to MM, not only via the progressive activities of specific bacteria but also through the influence of the microbiota on host metabolism. Importantly, the abnormal amino acid metabolism, as well as the altered microbiome in MM, is becoming increasingly apparent, as is the influence on MM progression and the therapeutic response. Moreover, the gut-microbiota-host-amino-acid metabolism interaction in the progression of MM has been highlighted. Modulation of the gut microbiota (such as fecal microbiota transplantation, FMT) can be modified, representing a new angle in MM treatment that can improve outcomes. In this review, the relationship between gut microbiota, metabolism, and MM, together with strategies to modulate the microbiota, will be discussed, and some unanswered questions for ongoing and future research will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yumou Wei
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yinghong Zhu
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jiaojiao Guo
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yanjuan He
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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20
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Angiotensin II-induced a steeper blood pressure elevation in IL-23 receptor-deficient mice: Role of interferon-γ-producing T cells. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:40-49. [PMID: 36241706 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01055-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A subset of interleukin (IL)-17A-producing γδ T cells called γδT17 cells may contribute to progression of hypertension. γδT17 cell development is in part dependent upon IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) stimulation. We hypothesized that angiotensin (Ang) II-induced blood pressure (BP) elevation and vascular injury would be blunted in Il23r knock-in (Il23rgfp/gfp) mice deficient in functional IL-23R. To test this hypothesis, we infused wild-type (WT) and Il23rgfp/gfp mice with Ang II (490 ng/kg/min, SC) for 7 or 14 days. We recorded BP by telemetry, assessed vascular function and remodeling using pressurized myography, and profiled T cell populations and cytokine production by flow cytometry. An additional set of Il23rgfp/gfp mice was infused with Ang II for 7 days and injected with interferon (IFN)-γ-neutralizing or control antibodies. Il23rgfp/gfp mice had smaller and stiffer mesenteric arteries and were not protected against Ang II-induced BP elevation. BP was higher in Il23rgfp/gfp mice than WT mice from day 3 until day 9 of Ang II infusion. Il23rgfp/gfp mice had less γδT17 cells and more IFN-γ-producing γδ, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells than WT mice. Seven days of Ang II infusion led to increased IFN-γ-producing γδ, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells in Il23rgfp/gfp mice, whereas only IFN-γ-producing γδ T cells were increased in WT mice. Blocking IFN-γ with a neutralizing antibody reduced the pressor response to 7 days of Ang II infusion in Il23rgfp/gfp mice. Functional IL-23R deficiency was associated with increased IFN-γ-producing T cells and exaggerated initial development of Ang II-induced hypertension, which was in part mediated by IFN-γ.
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21
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Duesman SJ, Ortega-Francisco S, Olguin-Alor R, Acevedo-Dominguez NA, Sestero CM, Chellappan R, De Sarno P, Yusuf N, Salgado-Lopez A, Segundo-Liberato M, de Oca-Lagunas SM, Raman C, Soldevila G. Transforming growth factor receptor III (Betaglycan) regulates the generation of pathogenic Th17 cells in EAE. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1088039. [PMID: 36855628 PMCID: PMC9968395 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1088039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor receptor III (TβRIII) is commonly recognized as a co-receptor that promotes the binding of TGFβ family ligands to type I and type II receptors. Within the immune system, TβRIII regulates T cell development in the thymus and is differentially expressed through activation; however, its function in mature T cells is unclear. To begin addressing this question, we developed a conditional knock-out mouse with restricted TβRIII deletion in mature T cells, necessary because genomic deletion of TβRIII results in perinatal mortality. We determined that TβRIII null mice developed more severe autoimmune central nervous neuroinflammatory disease after immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte peptide (MOG35-55) than wild-type littermates. The increase in disease severity in TβRIII null mice was associated with expanded numbers of CNS infiltrating IFNγ+ CD4+ T cells and cells that co-express both IFNγ and IL-17 (IFNγ+/IL-17+), but not IL-17 alone expressing CD4 T cells compared to Tgfbr3fl/fl wild-type controls. This led us to speculate that TβRIII may be involved in regulating conversion of encephalitogenic Th17 to Th1. To directly address this, we generated encephalitogenic Th17 and Th1 cells from wild type and TβRIII null mice for passive transfer of EAE into naïve mice. Remarkably, Th17 encephalitogenic T cells from TβRIII null induced EAE of much greater severity and earlier in onset than those from wild-type mice. The severity of EAE induced by encephalitogenic wild-type and Tgfbr3fl/fl.dLcKCre Th1 cells were similar. Moreover, in vitro restimulation of in vivo primed Tgfbr3fl/fl.dLcKCre T cells, under Th17 but not Th1 polarizing conditions, resulted in a significant increase of IFNγ+ T cells. Altogether, our data indicate that TβRIII is a coreceptor that functions as a key checkpoint in controlling the pathogenicity of autoreactive T cells in neuroinflammation probably through regulating plasticity of Th17 T cells into pathogenic Th1 cells. Importantly, this is the first demonstration that TβRIII has an intrinsic role in T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Duesman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sandra Ortega-Francisco
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.,National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana Olguin-Alor
- National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Naray A Acevedo-Dominguez
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Christine M Sestero
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Montevallo, Montevello, AL, United States
| | - Rajeshwari Chellappan
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Patrizia De Sarno
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Adrian Salgado-Lopez
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marisol Segundo-Liberato
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.,National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Selina Montes de Oca-Lagunas
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Chander Raman
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Gloria Soldevila
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico.,National Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Biomedical Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
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22
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Zheng LM, Ye JQ, Li HF, Liu Q. Construction of a potentially functional lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in sepsis by bioinformatics analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:1031589. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1031589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Sepsis is a common disease in internal medicine, with a high incidence and dangerous condition. Due to the limited understanding of its pathogenesis, the prognosis is poor. The goal of this project is to screen potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of sepsis and to identify competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks associated with sepsis.Methods: The expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. The differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were screened by bioinformatics analysis. DEmRNAs were analyzed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, transcription factor enrichment analysis, Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). After the prediction of the relevant database, the competitive ceRNA network is built in Cytoscape. The gene-drug interaction was predicted by DGIgb. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to confirm five lncRNAs from the ceRNA network.Results: Through Venn diagram analysis, we found that 57 DElncRNAs, 6 DEmiRNAs and 317 DEmRNAs expressed abnormally in patients with sepsis. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that 789 GO terms and 36 KEGG pathways were enriched. Through intersection analysis and data mining, 5 key KEGG pathways and related core genes were revealed by GSEA. The PPI network consists of 247 nodes and 1,163 edges, and 50 hub genes are screened by the MCODE plug-in. In addition, there are 5 DElncRNAs, 6 DEmiRNAs and 28 DEmRNAs in the ceRNA network. Drug action analysis showed that 7 genes were predicted to be molecular targets of drugs. Five lncRNAs in ceRNA network are verified by qRT-PCR, and the results showed that the relative expression of five lncRNAs was significantly different between sepsis patients and healthy control subjects.Conclusion: A sepsis-specific ceRNA network has been effectively created, which is helpful to understand the interaction between lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. We discovered prospective sepsis peripheral blood indicators and proposed potential treatment medicines, providing new insights into the progression and development of sepsis.
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Serrano M, Srivastava A, Buck G, Zhu B, Edupuganti L, Adegbulugbe E, Shankaranarayanan D, Kopp JB, Raj DS. Dietary Protein and Fiber Affect Gut Microbiome and Treg/Th17 Commitment in Chronic Kidney Disease Mice. Am J Nephrol 2022; 53:646-651. [PMID: 36349783 PMCID: PMC10367184 DOI: 10.1159/000526957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have dysbiosis, dysmetabolism, and immune dysregulation. Gut microbiome plays an important role shaping the immune system which is an important modulator of CKD progression. METHODS We compared the effect of a diet low in protein and high in fiber (LP-HF; n = 7) to that of diet rich in protein, but low in fiber (HP-LF; n = 7) on gut microbiome and T-cell commitment in male CKD (Alb/TGF-β1) mice. The gut microbiomes of these mice were subjected to 16S rRNA taxonomic profiling at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks of the study. RESULTS The LP-HF diet was associated with an increase in Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum BT, a taxon whose functions include those closely related to butyric acid synthesis (Kendall's W statistic = 180 in analysis of microbiome composition). HP-LF diet was associated with increased abundance of two predominantly proteolytic bacterial strains related to Parabacteroides distasonis (W statistic = 173), Mucispirillum schaedleri, and Bacteroides dorei (W statistic = 192). Pathway analysis suggested that the LP-HF diet induced carbohydrate, lipid, and butyrate metabolism. As compared with HP-LF mice, LP-HF mice had 1.7-fold increase in CD4+Foxp3+Treg cells in spleen and 2.4-fold increase of these cells in peripheral blood. There was an 87% decrease in percentage of CD4+ Th17 + cells in spleen and an 85% decrease in peripheral blood, respectively, in LP-HF mice compared to the HP-LF mice. CONCLUSION The LP-HF diet promotes the proliferation of saccharolytic bacteria and favors T-cell commitment toward Treg cells in a CKD mouse of model. Clinical significance of the finding needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrna Serrano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Center for Microbiome Engineering and Data Analysis, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Anvesha Srivastava
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA,
| | - Gregory Buck
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Center for Microbiome Engineering and Data Analysis, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Center for Microbiome Engineering and Data Analysis, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Laahirie Edupuganti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Center for Microbiome Engineering and Data Analysis, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Esther Adegbulugbe
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Divya Shankaranarayanan
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dominic S Raj
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Abstract
Spirochetes of the genus Borrelia can spread to various organs including the central nervous system. The neurological disease manifestations in these bacterial infections are commonly referred as neuroborreliosis. Currently, long-term antibiotic treatment is the only the United States Food and Drug Administration-approved option for those suffering from neuroborreliosis. Using Borrelia hermsii infection in mice, we have previously established a relapsing fever neuroborreliosis model. In this model, we found that the induction of interleukin (IL)-17A signaling plays a major role in the pathogenesis of relapsing fever neuroborreliosis. We show that anti-IL-17A antibody treatment can ameliorate the pathology. Our data suggest that IL-17A blockade may be a therapeutic strategy for controlling relapsing fever neuroborreliosis. Relapsing fever due to Borrelia hermsii is characterized by recurrent bacteremia episodes. However, infection of B. hermsii, if not treated early, can spread to various organs including the central nervous system (CNS). CNS disease manifestations are commonly referred to as relapsing fever neuroborreliosis (RFNB). In the mouse model of B. hermsii infection, we have previously shown that the development of RFNB requires innate immune cells as well as T cells. Here, we found that prior to the onset of RFNB, an increase in the systemic proinflammatory cytokine response followed by sustained levels of IP-10 concurrent with the CNS disease phase. RNA sequencing analysis of the spinal cord tissue during the disease phase revealed an association of the interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway in RFNB. To test a possible role for IL-17 in RFNB, we compared B. hermsii infection in wild-type and IL-17A−/− mice. Although the onset of bacteremia and protective anti-B. hermsii antibody responses occurred similarly, the blood-brain barrier permeability, proinflammatory cytokine levels, immune cell infiltration in the spinal cord, and RFNB manifestations were significantly diminished in IL-17A−/− mice compared to wild-type mice. Treatment of B. hermsii-infected wild-type mice with anti-IL-17A antibody ameliorated the severity of spinal cord inflammation, microglial cell activation, and RFNB. These data suggest that the IL-17 signaling pathway plays a major role in the pathogenesis of RFNB, and IL-17A blockade may be a therapeutic modality for controlling neuroborreliosis.
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Jin K, Li T, Miao Z, Ran J, Chen L, Mou D, Wang C, Wu S, Yang H, Fu XY. Stat5 -/- CD4 + T cells elicit anti-melanoma effect by CD4 + T cell remolding and Notch1 activation. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:1824-1839. [PMID: 35508790 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-021-2078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (Stat5) is known to engage in regulating the differentiation and effector function of various subsets of T helper cells. However, how Stat5 regulates the antitumor activity of tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells is largely unknown. Here, we showed that mice with specific deletion of Stat5 in CD4+ T cells were less susceptible to developing subcutaneous and lung metastatic B16 melanoma with CD4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) remolding. Especially, we confirmed that Stat5-deficient CD4+ naïve T cells were prone to polarization of two subtypes of Th17 cells: IFN-γ+ and IFN-γ- Th17 cells, which exhibited increased anti-melanoma activity through enhanced activation of Notch1 pathway compared with wild type Th17 cells. Our study therefore revealed a novel function of Stat5 in regulating tumor-specific Th17 cell differentiation and function in melanoma. This study also provided a new possibility for targeting Stat5 and other Th17-associated pathways to develop novel immunotherapies for melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Jin
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Tong Li
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiyong Miao
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingjing Ran
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Luyu Chen
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dachao Mou
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shasha Wu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hanshuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Fu
- Laboratory of Human Diseases and Immunotherapies, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Generos BioPharma, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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26
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Wigerblad G, Cao Q, Brooks S, Naz F, Gadkari M, Jiang K, Gupta S, O’Neil L, Dell’Orso S, Kaplan MJ, Franco LM. Single-Cell Analysis Reveals the Range of Transcriptional States of Circulating Human Neutrophils. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:772-782. [PMID: 35858733 PMCID: PMC9712146 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in human blood and are essential components of innate immunity. Until recently, neutrophils were considered homogeneous and transcriptionally inactive cells, but both concepts are being challenged. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers an unbiased view of cells along a continuum of transcriptional states. However, the use of scRNA-seq to characterize neutrophils has proven technically difficult, explaining in part the paucity of published single-cell data on neutrophils. We have found that modifications to the data analysis pipeline, rather than to the existing scRNA-seq chemistries, can significantly increase the detection of human neutrophils in scRNA-seq. We have then applied a modified pipeline to the study of human peripheral blood neutrophils. Our findings indicate that circulating human neutrophils are transcriptionally heterogeneous cells, which can be classified into one of four transcriptional clusters that are reproducible among healthy human subjects. We demonstrate that peripheral blood neutrophils shift from relatively immature (Nh0) cells, through a transitional phenotype (Nh1), into one of two end points defined by either relative transcriptional inactivity (Nh2) or high expression of type I IFN-inducible genes (Nh3). Transitions among states are characterized by the expression of specific transcription factors. By simultaneously measuring surface proteins and intracellular transcripts at the single-cell level, we show that these transcriptional subsets are independent of the canonical surface proteins that are commonly used to define and characterize human neutrophils. These findings provide a new view of human neutrophil heterogeneity, with potential implications for the characterization of neutrophils in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustaf Wigerblad
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Qilin Cao
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephen Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and
| | - Faiza Naz
- Genomic Technology Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Manasi Gadkari
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Kan Jiang
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and
| | - Sarthak Gupta
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Liam O’Neil
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stefania Dell’Orso
- Genomic Technology Section, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mariana J. Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Luis M. Franco
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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Tsiogkas SG, Mavropoulos A, Dardiotis E, Zafiriou E, Bogdanos DP. A sharp decrease of Th17, CXCR3+-Th17, and Th17.1 in peripheral blood is associated with an early anti-IL-17-mediated clinical remission in psoriasis. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:79-89. [PMID: 35925616 PMCID: PMC9585551 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis-an immune-mediated skin disease-implicates in its pathophysiology by circulating pro-inflammatory cell populations, cytokines, and their interactions with the epidermis. The direct effect of approved anti-interleukin- (IL-)17A and anti-IL-17R biologic therapy on immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear lymphocytes' (PBMCs) relative sub-population frequencies in psoriasis patients has not yet been described. Using multiparameter flow cytometry we examined T-cell subpopulations characterized by CCR6, CCR4, and CXCR3 chemokine receptor surface expression at baseline and after initiation of biologic therapy in PBMCs collected from 30 psoriasis patients. Increased CD3+CD4+CXCR3+, CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+CXCR3+(CXCR3+-Th17), and CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4-CXCR3+(Th17.1) cell populations were observed in patients with psoriasis in comparison to healthy individuals (n = 10). IL-17 therapeutic blockade decreased CD3+CD4+CCR6+, CD3+CD4+CXCR3+, CD3+CD4+CCR6-CXCR3+(Th1), CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+(Th17), CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4+CXCR3+(CXCR3+-Th17), and CD3+CD4+CCR6+CCR4-CXCR3+(Th17.1) cell populations in responding psoriasis patients. Moreover, CD3+CD4-CCR6+, CD3+CD4-CXCR3+, CD3+CD4-CCR6+CCR4+(Tc17), and CD3+CD4-CCR6-CXCR3+(Tc1) percentages were also inhibited. Modulation of the same cell sub-populations was also assessed in patients treated with methotrexate (n = 4), apremilast (n = 4), and anti-IL-23 biologic treatment (n = 4). In our study, the levels and functional capacity of peripheral pro-inflammatory Th1, Th17, and additional CCR6+T cell sub-gated populations from psoriasis patients that were treated with anti-IL-17 or anti-IL-17R targeted biologic therapy were explored for the first time. Our data clearly demonstrate that early anti-IL-17 mediated clinical remission is accompanied by a significant decrease of Th1, Th17, CXCR3+-Th17, and Th17.1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios G Tsiogkas
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athanasios Mavropoulos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efterpi Zafiriou
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Correspondence: Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
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Schiweck C, Edwin Thanarajah S, Aichholzer M, Matura S, Reif A, Vrieze E, Weigert A, Visekruna A. Regulation of CD4 + and CD8 + T Cell Biology by Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Its Relevance for Autoimmune Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8272. [PMID: 35955407 PMCID: PMC9368239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota encodes a broad range of enzymes capable of synthetizing various metabolites, some of which are still uncharacterized. One well-known class of microbiota-derived metabolites are the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, butyrate and valerate. SCFAs have long been considered a mere waste product of bacterial metabolism. Novel results have challenged this long-held dogma, revealing a central role for microbe-derived SCFAs in gut microbiota-host interaction. SCFAs are bacterial signaling molecules that act directly on host T lymphocytes by reprogramming their metabolic activity and epigenetic status. They have an essential biological role in promoting differentiation of (intestinal) regulatory T cells and in production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10). These small molecules can also reach the circulation and modulate immune cell function in remote tissues. In experimental models of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis or diabetes, a strong therapeutic potential of SCFAs through the modulation of effector T cell function was observed. In this review, we discuss current research activities toward understanding a relevance of microbial SCFA for treating autoimmune and inflammatory pathologies from in vitro to human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Schiweck
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Mareike Aichholzer
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Silke Matura
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.E.T.); (M.A.); (S.M.); (A.R.)
| | - Elske Vrieze
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, UPC KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Alexander Visekruna
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany;
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Filip-Psurska B, Zachary H, Strzykalska A, Wietrzyk J. Vitamin D, Th17 Lymphocytes, and Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153649. [PMID: 35954312 PMCID: PMC9367508 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The effect of vitamin D3 on the development of breast cancer (favorable, ineffective, or even unfavorable) depends on many factors, such as age, menopausal status, or obesity. The immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D may be unfavorable in case of breast cancer progression. The effect of vitamin D on Th17 cells may depend on disease type and patients’ age. Our goal was to summarize the data available and to find indications of vitamin D treatment failure or success. Therefore, in this review, we present data describing the effects of vitamin D3 on Th17 cells, mainly in breast cancer. Abstract Vitamin D3, which is well known to maintain calcium homeostasis, plays an important role in various cellular processes. It regulates the proliferation and differentiation of several normal cells, including immune and neoplastic cells, influences the cell cycle, and stimulates cell maturation and apoptosis through a mechanism dependent on the vitamin D receptor. The involvement of vitamin D3 in breast cancer development has been observed in numerous clinical studies. However, not all studies support the protective effect of vitamin D3 against the development of this condition. Furthermore, animal studies have revealed that calcitriol or its analogs may stimulate tumor growth or metastasis in some breast cancer models. It has been postulated that the effect of vitamin D3 on T helper (Th) 17 lymphocytes is one of the mechanisms promoting metastasis in these murine models. Herein we present a literature review on the existing data according to the interplay between vitamin D, Th17 cell and breast cancer. We also discuss the effects of this vitamin on Th17 lymphocytes in various disease entities known to date, due to the scarcity of scientific data on Th17 lymphocytes and breast cancer. The presented data indicate that the effect of vitamin D3 on breast cancer development depends on many factors, such as age, menopausal status, or obesity. According to that, more extensive clinical trials and studies are needed to assess the importance of vitamin D in breast cancer, especially when no correlations seem to be obvious.
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Hanna J, Beke F, O'Brien LM, Kapeni C, Chen HC, Carbonaro V, Kim AB, Kishore K, Adolph TE, Skjoedt MO, Skjoedt K, de la Roche M, de la Roche M. Cell-autonomous Hedgehog signaling controls Th17 polarization and pathogenicity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4075. [PMID: 35835905 PMCID: PMC9281293 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells are key drivers of autoimmune disease. However, the signaling pathways regulating Th17 polarization are poorly understood. Hedgehog signaling regulates cell fate decisions during embryogenesis and adult tissue patterning. Here we find that cell-autonomous Hedgehog signaling, independent of exogenous ligands, selectively drives the polarization of Th17 cells but not other T helper cell subsets. We show that endogenous Hedgehog ligand, Ihh, signals to activate both canonical and non-canonical Hedgehog pathways through Gli3 and AMPK. We demonstrate that Hedgehog pathway inhibition with either the clinically-approved small molecule inhibitor vismodegib or genetic ablation of Ihh in CD4+ T cells greatly diminishes disease severity in two mouse models of intestinal inflammation. We confirm that Hedgehog pathway expression is upregulated in tissue from human ulcerative colitis patients and correlates with Th17 marker expression. This work implicates Hedgehog signaling in Th17 polarization and intestinal immunopathology and indicates the potential therapeutic use of Hedgehog inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Hanna
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Flavio Beke
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Louise M O'Brien
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Chrysa Kapeni
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Hung-Chang Chen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Valentina Carbonaro
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Alexander B Kim
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Kamal Kishore
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mikkel-Ole Skjoedt
- Rigshospitalet - University Hospital Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karsten Skjoedt
- University of Southern Denmark, J.B.Winslows Vej, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Marc de la Roche
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK
| | - Maike de la Roche
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK.
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Pianko MJ, Golob JL. Host-microbe interactions and outcomes in multiple myeloma and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:367-382. [PMID: 35488106 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10033-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microbiota are essential to normal immune development and there is growing recognition of its importance to human health and disease and deepening understanding of the complexity of host-microbe interactions in the human gut and other tissues. Commensal microbes not only can influence host immunity locally through impacts of bioactive microbial metabolites and direct interactions with epithelial cells and innate immune receptors but also can exert systemic immunomodulatory effects via impacts on host immune cells capable of trafficking beyond the gut. Emerging data suggest microbiota influence the development of multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of the immune system derived from immunoglobulin-producing bone marrow plasma cells, through the promotion of inflammation. Superior treatment outcomes for MM correlate with a higher abundance of commensal microbiota capable of influencing inflammatory responses through the production of butyrate. In patients with hematologic malignancies, higher levels of diversity of the gut microbiota correlate with superior outcomes after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Correlative data support the impact of commensal microbiota on survival, risk of infection, disease relapse, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after transplant. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of the role of host-microbe interactions and the inflammatory tumor microenvironment of multiple myeloma, discuss data describing the key role of microbiota in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of hematologic malignancies, and highlight several possible concepts for interventions directed at the gut microbiota to influence treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Pianko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Jonathan L Golob
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Dhume K, Finn CM, Devarajan P, Singh A, Tejero JD, Prokop E, Strutt TM, Sell S, Swain SL, McKinstry KK. Bona Fide Th17 Cells without Th1 Functional Plasticity Protect against Influenza. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 208:1998-2007. [PMID: 35338093 PMCID: PMC9012674 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Optimal transcriptional programming needed for CD4 T cells to protect against influenza A virus (IAV) is unclear. Most IAV-primed CD4 T cells fit Th1 criteria. However, cells deficient for the Th1 "master regulator," T-bet, although marked by reduced Th1 identity, retain robust protective capacity. In this study, we show that T-bet's paralog, Eomesodermin (Eomes), is largely redundant in the presence of T-bet but is essential for the residual Th1 attributes of T-bet-deficient cells. Cells lacking both T-bet and Eomes instead develop concurrent Th17 and Th2 responses driven by specific inflammatory signals in the infected lung. Furthermore, the transfer of T-bet- and Eomes-deficient Th17, but not Th2, effector cells protects mice from lethal IAV infection. Importantly, these polyfunctional Th17 effectors do not display functional plasticity in vivo promoting gain of Th1 attributes seen in wild-type Th17 cells, which has clouded evaluation of the protective nature of Th17 programming in many studies. Finally, we show that primary and heterosubtypic IAV challenge is efficiently cleared in T-bet- and Eomes double-deficient mice without enhanced morbidity despite a strongly Th17-biased inflammatory response. Our studies thus demonstrate unexpectedly potent antiviral capacity of unadulterated Th17 responses against IAV, with important implications for vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Dhume
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Caroline M Finn
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | | | - Ayushi Singh
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Joanne D Tejero
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Emily Prokop
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Tara M Strutt
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Stewart Sell
- Palisades Pathology Laboratory, Williamsburg, VA
| | - Susan L Swain
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA; and
| | - Karl Kai McKinstry
- Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL;
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Gertel S, Polachek A, Elkayam O, Furer V. Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) regulatory T cells: An evolving biomarker for treatment response in autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2022; 21:103085. [PMID: 35341974 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) comprise a CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cell subset for maintaining immune tolerance, and their deficits and/or dysfunction are observed in autoimmune diseases. The lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3, also known as CD223), which is an immunoglobulin superfamily member expressed on peripheral immune cells, is recognized as an inhibitory regulator of Tregs. LAG-3+ T cells represent a novel protective Tregs subset that produces interleukin-10. Alterations in LAG-3+ Tregs have been reported in several autoimmune diseases, suggesting their potential pathogenic role. Recent studies have indicated that LAG-3+ Tregs may be associated not only with immunopathology but also with response to therapy in several autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and others. We present a review of Tregs phenotypes and functions, with a focus on LAG-3+ Tregs, and discuss their potential role as biomarkers for treatment response in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smadar Gertel
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Ari Polachek
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Elkayam
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Victoria Furer
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Liu N, Jiang F, Ye M, Wang B, Ge D, Chang S. HuR confers IL-17a-induced migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells via upregulation of Snail translation. Cytokine 2022; 153:155830. [PMID: 35247650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer mortality in the world wide. We found that the expression of IL-17a was significantly increased in gastric cancer cells. Treatment with recombinant IL-17a (rIL-17a) can increase migration, invasion and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of gastric cancer cells. Further, Snail, a key factor to regulate EMT, was significantly increased in rIL-17a-treated gastric cancer cells. While knockdown of Snail can abolish IL-17a-induced EMT of gastric cancer cells. Mechanistically, IL-17a can promote the translation efficiency of Snail, while had no effect on its mRNA expression or protein stability. Further, we found that IL-17a can increase the expression of HuR, which markedly promoted translation of Snail mRNA. While knockdown of HuR can reverse rIL-17a-induced expression of Snail and EMT of gastric cancer cells. Collectively, our data suggested that HuR confers IL-17a induced migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells via upregulation of Snail translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Center of Gerontology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Mulin Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Bangjie Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Dongsheng Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China
| | - Shunwu Chang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, Hainan Province, China.
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Zayas JP, Mamede JI. HIV Infection and Spread between Th17 Cells. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020404. [PMID: 35215997 PMCID: PMC8874668 DOI: 10.3390/v14020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV mainly targets CD4+ T cells, from which Th17 cells represent a major cell type, permissive, and are capable of supporting intracellular replication at mucosal sites. Th17 cells possess well-described dual roles, while being central to maintaining gut integrity, these may induce inflammation and contribute to autoimmune disorders; however, Th17 cells’ antiviral function in HIV infection is not completely understood. Th17 cells are star players to HIV-1 pathogenesis and a potential target to prevent or decrease HIV transmission. HIV-1 can be spread among permissive cells via direct cell-to-cell and/or cell-free infection. The debate on which mode of transmission is more efficient is still ongoing without a concrete conclusion yet. Most assessments of virus transmission analyzing either cell-to-cell or cell-free modes use in vitro systems; however, the actual interactions and conditions in vivo are not fully understood. The fact that infected breast milk, semen, and vaginal secretions contain a mix of both cell-free viral particles and infected cells presents an argument for the probability of HIV taking advantage of both modes of transmission to spread. Here, we review important insights and recent findings about the role of Th17 cells during HIV pathogenesis in mucosal surfaces, and the mechanisms of HIV-1 infection spread among T cells in tissues.
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Nyati KK, Kishimoto T. Recent Advances in the Role of Arid5a in Immune Diseases and Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 12:827611. [PMID: 35126382 PMCID: PMC8809363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.827611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AT-rich interactive domain 5a (Arid5a) is a nucleic acid binding protein. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the association of Arid5a with inflammation and human diseases. Arid5a is known as a protein that performs dual functions. In in vitro and in vivo studies, it was found that an inflammation-dependent increase in Arid5a expression mediates both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory effects that are implicated in immune regulation and cellular homeostasis. A series of publications demonstrated that inhibiting Arid5a augmented several processes, such as preventing septic shock, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, acute lung injury, invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and the M1-like tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) to M2-like TAM transition. In addition, Arid5a controls adipogenesis and obesity in mice to maintain metabolic homeostasis. Taken together, recent progress indicates that Arid5a exhibits multifaceted, both beneficial and detrimental, roles in health and disease and suggest the relevance of Arid5a as a potential therapeutic target.
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Abstract
Immune principles formulated by Jenner, Pasteur, and early immunologists served as fundamental propositions for vaccine discovery against many dreadful pathogens. However, decisive success in the form of an efficacious vaccine still eludes for diseases such as tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis. Several antileishmanial vaccine trials have been undertaken in past decades incorporating live, attenuated, killed, or subunit vaccination, but the goal remains unmet. In light of the above facts, we have to reassess the principles of vaccination by dissecting factors associated with the hosts' immune response. This chapter discusses the pathogen-associated perturbations at various junctures during the generation of the immune response which inhibits antigenic processing, presentation, or remodels memory T cell repertoire. This can lead to ineffective priming or inappropriate activation of memory T cells during challenge infection. Thus, despite a protective primary response, vaccine failure can occur due to altered immune environments in the presence of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunil Kumar
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
- Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Deepak HB, Prince SE, Deshpande P. Effect of baricitinib in regulating programmed death 1 and ligand programmed cell death ligand 1 through JAK/STAT pathway in psoriasis. Indian J Pharmacol 2022; 54:183-193. [PMID: 35848689 PMCID: PMC9396682 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_1089_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psoriasis is a chronic infectious skin disease triggered by an autoimmune process involving T-cell-mediated hyper-proliferation of keratinocytes. The objective of this study is to assess the modulation of programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) through JAK/STAT pathway during the development of a psoriasis-like disease by both in vitro and in vivo model. Baricitinib, a known inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2, was used to study the impact on PD-1 and PD-L1. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with either anti-CD3/CD28 or PMA/Ionomycin, to modulate level of PD-1 and PD-L1 under psoriasis-like condition. Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) was used to treat HaCaT cells to mimic the diseased keratinocytes found in Psoriatic patients. Psoriasis was induced with Imiquimod (IMQ) in animal model to study the cross-talk between different cell types and pathways. RESULTS Expression levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in PBMC, and secretion of cytokines, namely tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), IFNγ, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1 β, were down-regulated on treatment with baricitinib. Further, in IFNγ-treated HaCaT cells (keratinocytes) mRNA levels of KRT-17 and PD-L1 were up-regulated.). Interestingly, in IFNγ-treated HaCat cells baricitinib decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 β, IL-6, and TNFα along with KRT-17 and PD-L1. On IFNγ-treatment. Data from both PBMC and HaCaT suggest an anti-inflammatory role for this compound. Accordingly, baricitinib was able to alleviate disease symptom in IMQ induce mice model of psoriasis. As a consequence of baricitinib treatment down-regulation of p-STAT3, PD- and PD-L1 expression levels were observed. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates a crosstalk between JAK/STAT and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways. It also demonstrates that cytokines such as IFNγ and IL-17 are down-regulated by baricitinib. We believe decreased expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1 may be a consequence of baricitinib-induced down-regulation of IFNγ and IL-17. More importantly, our data from the acute model of psoriasis indicates that PD-L1 behaves as a T-cell-associated T-cell-associated surrogate activation marker rather than immunosuppressive marker in early phase of psoriasis. Therefore it does not exhibit a causal relationship to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. B. Deepak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Department of Biology, Jubilant Biosys Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sabina Evan Prince
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Sabina Evan Prince, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore - 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
| | - Pratima Deshpande
- Department of Biology, Jubilant Biosys Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Sandner L, Alteneder M, Zhu C, Hladik A, Högler S, Rica R, Van Greuningen LW, Sharif O, Sakaguchi S, Knapp S, Kenner L, Trauner M, Ellmeier W, Boucheron N. The Tyrosine Kinase Tec Regulates Effector Th17 Differentiation, Pathogenicity, and Plasticity in T-Cell-Driven Intestinal Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:750466. [PMID: 35003062 PMCID: PMC8728872 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.750466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper (Th) 17 cells are not only key in controlling infections mediated by extracellular bacteria and fungi but are also triggering autoimmune responses. Th17 cells comprise heterogeneous subsets, some with pathogenic functions. They can cease to secrete their hallmark cytokine IL-17A and even convert to other T helper lineages, a process known as transdifferentiation relying on plasticity. Both pathogenicity and plasticity are tightly linked to IL-23 signaling. Here, we show that the protein tyrosine kinase Tec is highly induced in Th17 cells. Th17 differentiation was enhanced at low interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations in absence of Tec, which correlates with increased STAT3 phosphorylation and higher Il23r expression. Therefore, we uncovered a function for Tec in the IL-6 sensing via STAT3 by CD4+ T cells, defining Tec as a fine-tuning negative regulator of Th17 differentiation. Subsequently, by using the IL-17A fate mapping mouse combined with in vivo adoptive transfer models, we demonstrated that Tec not only restrained effector Th17 differentiation but also pathogenicity and plasticity in a T-cell intrinsic manner. Our data further suggest that Tec regulates inflammatory Th17-driven immune responses directly impacting disease severity in a T-cell-driven colitis model. Notably, consistent with the in vitro findings, elevated levels of the IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) were observed on intestinal pre- and postconversion Th17 cells isolated from diseased Tec-/- mice subjected to adoptive transfer colitis, highlighting a fundamental role of Tec in restraining IL-23R expression, likely via the IL-6-STAT3 signaling axis. Taken together, these findings identify Tec as a negative regulator of Th17 differentiation, pathogenicity, and plasticity, contributing to the mechanisms which help T cells to orchestrate optimal immune protection and to restrain immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Sandner
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlis Alteneder
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ci Zhu
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anastasiya Hladik
- Department of Medicine 1, Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sandra Högler
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ramona Rica
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Omar Sharif
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Arginine Metabolism in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Multiple Sclerosis, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shinya Sakaguchi
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sylvia Knapp
- Department of Medicine 1, Research Laboratory of Infection Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Division of Experimental and Translational Pathology, Department of Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria,Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed), Graz, Austria,Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied Metabolomics (CDL-AM), Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wilfried Ellmeier
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Boucheron
- Division of Immunobiology, Institute of Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,*Correspondence: Nicole Boucheron,
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Li Y, Liu T, Chen G, Wang L, Guo A, Li Z, Pan L, Mao L, Luo X. Th17 cell differentiation induced by cytopathogenic biotype BVDV-2 in bovine PBLCs. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:884. [PMID: 34872498 PMCID: PMC8650399 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen that causes bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease (BVD-MD), which has become a global infectious disease due to its wide spread and the lack of effective treatment. The process of BVDV infection is complex. Once infected, host immune cells are activated and modulated. As a major immune cell, peripheral blood lymphocyte cells (PBLCs) are the primary target of BVDV. In order to further understand the mechanism of BVDV- host interaction, the expression profiles of host lymphocytes mRNAs associated with BVDV infection were investigated by transcriptomic sequencing analysis. Results The transcriptomic sequencing analysis was performed on bovine PBLCs infected with CP BVDV-2 GS2018 after 12 h of infection. Gene expression profiling demonstrated that 1052 genes were differentially expressed in GS2018 infected PBLCs compared with the control group. Of these genes, 485 genes were up-regulated and 567 were down-regulated. The 19 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were selected for validation using quantitative real-time PCR and the results were consistent with the results of RNA-Seq. Gene ontology enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis showed that 1052 DEGs were significantly enriched in 16 pathways, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, IL17, PI3K-Akt, MAPK and TNF signaling pathway. PPI network analysis showed that IL17A, IFN-γ and TNF-α interacted with various proteins and may play crucial roles in BVDV-2 infection. Of note, we confirmed that GS2018 induced Th17 cell differentiation in PBLCs and persistently increased the expression levels of IL17A. In turn, the replication of GS2018 was inhibited by IL17A. Conclusion In this study, the transcription changes of DEGs related to host immune responses in bovine PBLCs were caused by CP BVDV-2 infection. In particular, the effector molecules IL17A of Th17 cells were significantly up-regulated, which inhibited viral replication. These results will contribute to exploration and further understanding of the host immune response mechanism and interaction between host and BVDV-2. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08194-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Tingli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Liqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Aimin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Li Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Li Mao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-products, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Xuenong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China.
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Forconi CS, Mulama DH, Saikumar Lakshmi P, Foley J, Otieno JA, Kurtis JD, Berg LJ, Ong’echa JM, Münz C, Moormann AM. Interplay between IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-17A and PD-1 Expressing EBNA1-Specific CD4 + and CD8 + T Cell Responses in the Etiologic Pathway to Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215375. [PMID: 34771539 PMCID: PMC8582526 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is a common pediatric cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. The incidence of this aggressive B-cell cancer is linked to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) co-infections during childhood. Most eBL tumors contain EBV and are characterized by the Epstein–Barr Nuclear Antigen 1 (EBNA1) latency I pattern of viral gene expression. The aim of our study was to compare the phenotypes and functions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses to EBNA1 in children diagnosed with eBL and in healthy EBV-seropositive children to highlight differences that contribute to the balance between anti-viral immunity and eBL pathogenesis. Abstract Children diagnosed with endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) are deficient in interferon-γ (IFN-γ) responses to Epstein–Barr Nuclear Antigen1 (EBNA1), the viral protein that defines the latency I pattern in this B cell tumor. However, the contributions of immune-regulatory cytokines and phenotypes of the EBNA1-specific T cells have not been characterized for eBL. Using a bespoke flow cytometry assay we measured intracellular IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17A expression and phenotyped CD4+ and CD8+ T cell effector memory subsets specific to EBNA1 for eBL patients compared to two groups of healthy children with divergent malaria exposures. In response to EBNA1 and a malaria antigen (PfSEA-1A), the three study groups exhibited strikingly different cytokine expression and T cell memory profiles. EBNA1-specific IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cell response rates were lowest in eBL (40%) compared to children with high malaria (84%) and low malaria (66%) exposures (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0004, respectively). However, eBL patients did not differ in CD8+ T cell response rates or the magnitude of IFN-γ expression. In contrast, eBL children were more likely to have EBNA1-specific CD4+ T cells expressing IL-10, and less likely to have polyfunctional IFN-γ+IL-10+ CD4+ T cells (p = 0.02). They were also more likely to have IFN-γ+IL-17A+, IFN-γ+ and IL-17A+ CD8+ T cell subsets compared to healthy children. Cytokine-producing T cell subsets were predominantly CD45RA+CCR7+ TNAIVE-LIKE cells, yet PD-1, a marker of persistent activation/exhaustion, was more highly expressed by the central memory (TCM) and effector memory (TEM) T cell subsets. In summary, our study suggests that IL-10 mediated immune regulation and depletion of IFN-γ+ EBNA1-specific CD4+ T cells are complementary mechanisms that contribute to impaired T cell cytotoxicity in eBL pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S. Forconi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; (C.S.F.); (P.S.L.); (J.F.)
| | - David H. Mulama
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu 40100, Kenya; (D.H.M.); (J.M.O.)
| | - Priya Saikumar Lakshmi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; (C.S.F.); (P.S.L.); (J.F.)
| | - Joslyn Foley
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; (C.S.F.); (P.S.L.); (J.F.)
| | - Juliana A. Otieno
- Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, Ministry of Medical Services, Kisumu 40100, Kenya;
| | - Jonathan D. Kurtis
- Center for International Health Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA;
| | - Leslie J. Berg
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - John M. Ong’echa
- Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu 40100, Kenya; (D.H.M.); (J.M.O.)
| | - Christian Münz
- Department of Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Ann M. Moormann
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; (C.S.F.); (P.S.L.); (J.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +508-856-8826
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42
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Ghosh R, Mitra P, Kumar PVSNK, Goyal T, Sharma P. T helper cells in depression: central role of Th17 cells. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2021; 59:19-39. [PMID: 34592888 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2021.1965535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in the world. While conventional pharmaceutical therapy targets monoaminergic pathway dysfunction, it has not been totally successful in terms of positive outcomes, remission, and preventing relapses. There is an increasing amount of evidence that neuroinflammation may play a significant part in the pathophysiology of depression. Among the key components of the neuroinflammatory pathways already known to be active are the T helper (Th) cells, especially Th17 cells. While various preclinical and clinical studies have reported increased levels of Th17 cells in both serum and brain tissue of laboratory model animals, contradictory results have argued against a pertinent role of Th17 cells in depression. Recent studies have also revealed a role for more pathogenic and inflammatory subsets of Th17 in depression, as well as IL-17A and Th17 cells in non-responsiveness to conventional antidepressant therapy. Despite recent advances, there is still a significant knowledge gap concerning the exact mechanism by which Th17 cells influence neuroinflammation in depression. This review first provides a short introduction to the major findings that led to the discovery of the role of Th cells in depression. The major subsets of Th cells known to be involved in neuroimmunology of depression, such as Th1, Th17, and T regulatory cells, are subsequently described, with an in-depth discussion on current knowledge about Th17 cells in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghumoy Ghosh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Prasenjit Mitra
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - P V S N Kiran Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Taru Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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43
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DiToro D, Basu R. Emerging Complexity in CD4 +T Lineage Programming and Its Implications in Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:694833. [PMID: 34489941 PMCID: PMC8417887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.694833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal immune system has the difficult task of protecting a large environmentally exposed single layer of epithelium from pathogens without allowing inappropriate inflammatory responses. Unmitigated inflammation drives multiple pathologies, including the development of colorectal cancer. CD4+T cells mediate both the suppression and promotion of intestinal inflammation. They comprise an array of phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets tailored to a specific inflammatory context. This diversity of form and function is relevant to a broad array of pathologic and physiologic processes. The heterogeneity underlying both effector and regulatory T helper cell responses to colorectal cancer, and its impact on disease progression, is reviewed herein. Importantly, T cell responses are dynamic; they exhibit both quantitative and qualitative changes as the inflammatory context shifts. Recent evidence outlines the role of CD4+T cells in colorectal cancer responses and suggests possible mechanisms driving qualitative alterations in anti-cancer immune responses. The heterogeneity of T cells in colorectal cancer, as well as the manner and mechanism by which they change, offer an abundance of opportunities for more specific, and likely effective, interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel DiToro
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Ragon Institute of MGH MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Rajatava Basu
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL, United States
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44
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Li G, Kolan SS, Guo S, Marciniak K, Kolan P, Malachin G, Grimolizzi F, Haraldsen G, Skålhegg BS. Activated, Pro-Inflammatory Th1, Th17, and Memory CD4+ T Cells and B Cells Are Involved in Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Arthritis (DTHA) Inflammation and Paw Swelling in Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:689057. [PMID: 34408746 PMCID: PMC8365304 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.689057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed-type hypersensitivity arthritis (DTHA) is a recently established experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in mice with pharmacological values. Despite an indispensable role of CD4+ T cells in inducing DTHA, a potential role for CD4+ T cell subsets is lacking. Here we have quantified CD4+ subsets during DTHA development and found that levels of activated, pro-inflammatory Th1, Th17, and memory CD4+ T cells in draining lymph nodes were increased with differential dynamic patterns after DTHA induction. Moreover, according to B-cell depletion experiments, it has been suggested that this cell type is not involved in DTHA. We show that DTHA is associated with increased levels of B cells in draining lymph nodes accompanied by increased levels of circulating IgG. Finally, using the anti-rheumatoid agents, methotrexate (MTX) and the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone (DEX), we show that MTX and DEX differentially suppressed DTHA-induced paw swelling and inflammation. The effects of MTX and DEX coincided with differential regulation of levels of Th1, Th17, and memory T cells as well as B cells. Our results implicate Th1, Th17, and memory T cells, together with activated B cells, to be involved and required for DTHA-induced paw swelling and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoyang Li
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katarzyna Marciniak
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pratibha Kolan
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Giulia Malachin
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Franco Grimolizzi
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guttorm Haraldsen
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Steen Skålhegg
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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45
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Rausch JW, Le Grice SFJ. Characterizing the Latent HIV-1 Reservoir in Patients with Viremia Suppressed on cART: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities. Curr HIV Res 2021; 18:99-113. [PMID: 31889490 PMCID: PMC7475929 DOI: 10.2174/1570162x18666191231105438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Modern combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can bring HIV-1 in blood plasma to level undetectable by standard tests, prevent the onset of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), and allow a near-normal life expectancy for HIV-infected individuals. Unfortunately, cART is not curative, as within a few weeks of treatment cessation, HIV viremia in most patients rebounds to pre-cART levels. The primary source of this rebound, and the principal barrier to a cure, is the highly stable reservoir of latent yet replication-competent HIV-1 proviruses integrated into the genomic DNA of resting memory CD4+ T cells. In this review, prevailing models for how the latent reservoir is established and maintained, residual viremia and viremic rebound upon withdrawal of cART, and the types and characteristics of cells harboring latent HIV-1 will be discussed. Selected technologies currently being used to advance our understanding of HIV latency will also be presented, as will a perspective on which areas of advancement are most essential for producing the next generation of HIV-1 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W Rausch
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Stuart F J Le Grice
- Basic Research Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
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46
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Peng DH, Rodriguez BL, Diao L, Gaudreau PO, Padhye A, Konen JM, Ochieng JK, Class CA, Fradette JJ, Gibson L, Chen L, Wang J, Byers LA, Gibbons DL. Th17 cells contribute to combination MEK inhibitor and anti-PD-L1 therapy resistance in KRAS/p53 mutant lung cancers. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2606. [PMID: 33972557 PMCID: PMC8110980 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22875-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding resistance mechanisms to targeted therapies and immune checkpoint blockade in mutant KRAS lung cancers is critical to developing novel combination therapies and improving patient survival. Here, we show that MEK inhibition enhanced PD-L1 expression while PD-L1 blockade upregulated MAPK signaling in mutant KRAS lung tumors. Combined MEK inhibition with anti-PD-L1 synergistically reduced lung tumor growth and metastasis, but tumors eventually developed resistance to sustained combinatorial therapy. Multi-platform profiling revealed that resistant lung tumors have increased infiltration of Th17 cells, which secrete IL-17 and IL-22 cytokines to promote lung cancer cell invasiveness and MEK inhibitor resistance. Antibody depletion of IL-17A in combination with MEK inhibition and PD-L1 blockade markedly reduced therapy-resistance in vivo. Clinically, increased expression of Th17-associated genes in patients treated with PD-1 blockade predicted poorer overall survival and response in melanoma and predicated poorer response to anti-PD1 in NSCLC patients. Here we show a triple combinatorial therapeutic strategy to overcome resistance to combined MEK inhibitor and PD-L1 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Peng
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, 550 First Avenue, Smilow Building 10th Floor, Suite 1010, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Leticia Rodriguez
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lixia Diao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pierre-Olivier Gaudreau
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Thoracic & Upper GI Cancer Research Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Aparna Padhye
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica M Konen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua K Ochieng
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Caleb A Class
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jared J Fradette
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura Gibson
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Limo Chen
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lauren A Byers
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Nordengrün M, Abdurrahman G, Treffon J, Wächter H, Kahl BC, Bröker BM. Allergic Reactions to Serine Protease-Like Proteins of Staphylococcus aureus. Front Immunol 2021; 12:651060. [PMID: 33833764 PMCID: PMC8021911 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.651060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In cystic fibrosis (CF) infectious and allergic airway inflammation cause pulmonary exacerbations that destroy the lungs. Staphylococcus aureus is a common long-term colonizer and cause of recurrent airway infections in CF. The pathogen is also associated with respiratory allergy; especially the staphylococcal serine protease-like proteins (Spls) can induce type 2 immune responses in humans and mice. We measured the serum IgE levels specific to 7 proteases of S. aureus by ELISA, targeting 5 Spls (76 CF patients and 46 controls) and the staphopains A and B (16 CF patients and 46 controls). Then we compared cytokine release and phenotype of T cells that had been stimulated with Spls between 5 CF patients and 5 controls. CF patients had strongly increased serum IgE binding to all Spls but not to the staphopains. Compared to healthy controls, their Spl-stimulated T cells released more type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13) and more IL-6 with no difference in the secretion of type 1- or type 3 cytokines (IFNγ, IL-17A, IL-17F). IL-10 production was low in CF T cells. The phenotype of the Spl-exposed T cells shifted towards a Th2 or Th17 profile in CF but to a Th1 profile in controls. Sensitization to S. aureus Spls is common in CF. This discovery could explain episodes of allergic inflammation of hitherto unknown causation in CF and extend the diagnostic and therapeutic portfolio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nordengrün
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Goran Abdurrahman
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janina Treffon
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.,Institute of Hygiene, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hannah Wächter
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Barbara C Kahl
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Barbara M Bröker
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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48
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Onabajo OO, Mattapallil JJ. Gut Microbiome Homeostasis and the CD4 T- Follicular Helper Cell IgA Axis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:657679. [PMID: 33815419 PMCID: PMC8017181 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.657679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) are associated with severe perturbations in the gut mucosal environment characterized by massive viral replication and depletion of CD4 T cells leading to dysbiosis, breakdown of the epithelial barrier, microbial translocation, immune activation and disease progression. Multiple mechanisms play a role in maintaining homeostasis in the gut mucosa and protecting the integrity of the epithelial barrier. Among these are the secretory IgA (sIgA) that are produced daily in vast quantities throughout the mucosa and play a pivotal role in preventing commensal microbes from breaching the epithelial barrier. These microbe specific, high affinity IgA are produced by IgA+ plasma cells that are present within the Peyer’s Patches, mesenteric lymph nodes and the isolated lymphoid follicles that are prevalent in the lamina propria of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Differentiation, maturation and class switching to IgA producing plasma cells requires help from T follicular helper (Tfh) cells that are present within these lymphoid tissues. HIV replication and CD4 T cell depletion is accompanied by severe dysregulation of Tfh cell responses that compromises the generation of mucosal IgA that in turn alters barrier integrity leading to commensal bacteria readily breaching the epithelial barrier and causing mucosal pathology. Here we review the effect of HIV infection on Tfh cells and mucosal IgA responses in the GIT and the consequences these have for gut dysbiosis and mucosal immunopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusegun O Onabajo
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joseph J Mattapallil
- F. E. Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Doss PMIA, Umair M, Baillargeon J, Fazazi R, Fudge N, Akbar I, Yeola AP, Williams JB, Leclercq M, Joly-Beauparlant C, Beauchemin P, Ruda GF, Alpaugh M, Anderson AC, Brennan PE, Droit A, Lassmann H, Moore CS, Rangachari M. Male sex chromosomal complement exacerbates the pathogenicity of Th17 cells in a chronic model of central nervous system autoimmunity. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108833. [PMID: 33691111 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence and severity have long been recognized. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms for why male sex is associated with more aggressive disease remain poorly defined. Using a T cell adoptive transfer model of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), we find that male Th17 cells induce disease of increased severity relative to female Th17 cells, irrespective of whether transferred to male or female recipients. Throughout the disease course, a greater frequency of male Th17 cells produce IFNγ, a hallmark of pathogenic Th17 responses. Intriguingly, XY chromosomal complement increases the pathogenicity of male Th17 cells. An X-linked immune regulator, Jarid1c, is downregulated in pathogenic male murine Th17 cells, and functional experiments reveal that it represses the severity of Th17-mediated EAE. Furthermore, Jarid1c expression is downregulated in CD4+ T cells from MS-affected individuals. Our data indicate that male sex chromosomal complement critically regulates Th17 cell pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prenitha Mercy Ignatius Arokia Doss
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Muhammad Umair
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Joanie Baillargeon
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Reda Fazazi
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Neva Fudge
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Irshad Akbar
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Asmita Pradeep Yeola
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - John B Williams
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Mickael Leclercq
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Charles Joly-Beauparlant
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Philippe Beauchemin
- Department of Neurology, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1050 ave de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Gian Filipo Ruda
- Target Discovery Institute and NIHR, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Melanie Alpaugh
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Ana C Anderson
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases and Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paul E Brennan
- Target Discovery Institute and NIHR, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; Alzheimer's Research UK, Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Arnaud Droit
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1050 ave de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Hans Lassmann
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Craig S Moore
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Manu Rangachari
- axe Neurosciences, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Pavillon CHUL, 2705 boulevard Laurier, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, 1050 ave de la Médecine, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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Mizoguchi I, Ohashi M, Hasegawa H, Chiba Y, Orii N, Inoue S, Kawana C, Xu M, Sudo K, Fujita K, Kuroda M, Hashimoto SI, Matsushima K, Yoshimoto T. EBV-induced gene 3 augments IL-23Rα protein expression through a chaperone calnexin. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:6124-6140. [PMID: 32809973 DOI: 10.1172/jci122732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3) is a subunit common to IL-27, IL-35, and IL-39. Here, we explore an intracellular role of EBI3 that is independent of its function in cytokines. EBI3-deficient naive CD4+ T cells had reduced IFN-γ production and failed to induce T cell-dependent colitis in mice. Similarly reduced IFN-γ production was observed in vitro in EBI3-deficient CD4+ T cells differentiated under pathogenic Th17 polarizing conditions with IL-23. This is because the induction of expression of one of the IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) subunits, IL-23Rα, but not another IL-23R subunit, IL-12Rβ1, was selectively decreased at the protein level, but not the mRNA level. EBI3 augmented IL-23Rα expression via binding to the chaperone molecule calnexin and to IL-23Rα in a peptide-dependent manner, but not a glycan-dependent manner. Indeed, EBI3 failed to augment IL-23Rα expression in the absence of endogenous calnexin. Moreover, EBI3 poorly augmented the expression of G149R, an IL-23Rα variant that protects against the development of human colitis, because binding of EBI3 to the variant was reduced. Taken together with the result that EBI3 expression is inducible in T cells, the present results suggest that EBI3 plays a critical role in augmenting IL-23Rα protein expression via calnexin under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izuru Mizoguchi
- Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science
| | - Mio Ohashi
- Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science
| | | | - Yukino Chiba
- Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science
| | - Naoko Orii
- Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science
| | - Shinya Inoue
- Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science
| | - Chiaki Kawana
- Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science
| | - Mingli Xu
- Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science
| | | | - Koji Fujita
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kuroda
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Hashimoto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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