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Li X, Ma Y, Wang D. The role of P-selectin/PSGL-1 in regulating NETs as a novel mechanism in cerebral ischemic injury. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1442613. [PMID: 39022737 PMCID: PMC11252044 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1442613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, substantial advancements have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. Despite these developments, therapeutic options for cerebral ischemia remain limited due to stringent time windows and various contraindications. Consequently, there has been a concentrated effort to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of cerebral ischemic injury. Emerging research indicates that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) exacerbate inflammation and damage in ischemic brain tissue, contributing to neuronal cell death. The inhibition of NETs has shown potential in preventing thrombosis and the infiltration of immune cells. Central to the formation of NETs are P-selectin and its ligand, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), which represent promising therapeutic targets. This review explores the detrimental impact of P-selectin, PSGL-1, and NETs on cerebral ischemia. Additionally, it delineates the processes by which P-selectin and PSGL-1 stimulate NETs production and provides evidence that blocking these molecules reduces NETs formation. This novel insight highlights a potential therapeutic avenue that warrants further investigation by researchers in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yamin Ma
- Nanyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanyang, China
| | - Dongbin Wang
- Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital (Shenzhen Pingshan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital), Shenzhen, China
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Pan X, Tan Z, Meng F, Zhang L, Chen Z, Mao J. Uvaol alleviates oxidative stress induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2024; 35:248-255. [PMID: 38700418 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a potentially life-threatening disorder with high morbidity. Uvaol is a natural pentacyclic triterpene possessing multiple pharmacological activities. Nevertheless, the role of uvaol in DVT is unclarified. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to mimic DVT in vitro . CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were utilized for measuring cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Levels of the cell injury marker, thrombosis-associated factors, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress-related markers were examined by commercial assay kits. Western blotting was used for evaluating the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling-associated proteins. Uvaol treatment attenuated H 2 O 2 -induced HUVEC apoptosis and injury. Uvaol reduced the expression of pro-thrombotic factors and inflammatory cytokines and attenuated oxidative stress in H 2 O 2 -stimulated HUVECs. Uvaol inhibited MAPK signaling pathway in H 2 O 2 -stimulated HUVECs. Activating MAPK signaling reversed uvaol-mediated protective effects on H 2 O 2 -treated HUVECs. Uvaol treatment alleviates H 2 O 2 -induced HUVEC injury, apoptosis, and oxidative stress by inactivating MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The People's Hospital of Dan Yang, Dan Yang, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P.R. China
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Li W, Chi D, Ju S, Zhao X, Li X, Zhao J, Xie H, Li Y, Jin J, Mang G, Dong Z. Platelet factor 4 promotes deep venous thrombosis by regulating the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Thromb Res 2024; 237:52-63. [PMID: 38547695 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
The presence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in thrombotic diseases has been extensively studied. The exact mechanism of NET formation in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has not been largely studied. This study is aimed to explore the role of NETs and their interaction with platelet factor 4 (PF4) in DVT. In plasma samples from 51 healthy volunteers and 52 DVT patients, NET markers and PF4 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). NET generation in blood samples from healthy subjects and DVT patients was analyzed by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The plasma levels of NETs were significantly elevated in DVT patients, and neutrophils from patients showed a stronger ability to generate NETs after treatment. PF4 was upregulated in plasma samples from DVT patients and mediated NET formation. NETs enhanced procoagulant (PCA) via tissue factor and activating platelets to induce procoagulant activity. In addition, we established an inferior vena cava ligation (IVC) model to examine the role of NETs in thrombogenicity in DVT. In conclusion, NET formation was mediated by PF4 and enhance the procoagulant activity in DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Li
- Department of Vascular and Wound Center, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Decai Chi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuai Ju
- Department of Vascular and Wound Center, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Vascular and Wound Center, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha City, Changsha, China
| | - Huiqi Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Vascular and Wound Center, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Ge Mang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Zhihui Dong
- Department of Vascular and Wound Center, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Yao M, Fang C, Wang Z, Guo T, Wu D, Ma J, Wu J, Mo J. miR-328-3p targets TLR2 to ameliorate oxygen-glucose deprivation injury and neutrophil extracellular trap formation in HUVECs via inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299382. [PMID: 38394259 PMCID: PMC10889604 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial cell injury is one of the important pathogenic mechanisms in thrombotic diseases, and also neutrophils are involved. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to act as essential players in endothelial cell injury, but the potential molecular processes are unknown. In this study, we used cellular tests to ascertain the protective effect of miR-328-3p on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). METHODS In our study, an OGD-induced HUVECs model was established, and we constructed lentiviral vectors to establish stable HUVECs cell lines. miR-328-3p and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) interacted, as demonstrated by the dual luciferase reporter assay. We used the CCK8, LDH release, and EdU assays to evaluate the proliferative capacity of each group of cells. To investigate the expression of TLR2, p-P65 NF-κB, P65 NF-κB, NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18, we employed Western blot and ELISA. Following OGD, each group's cell supernatants were gathered and co-cultured with neutrophils. An immunofluorescence assay and Transwell assay have been performed to determine whether miR-328-3p/TLR2 interferes with neutrophil migration and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation. RESULTS In OGD-treated HUVECs, the expression of miR-328-3p is downregulated. miR-328-3p directly targets TLR2, inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway, and reverses the proliferative capacity of OGD-treated HUVECs, while inhibiting neutrophil migration and neutrophil extracellular trap formation. CONCLUSIONS miR-328-3p inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway in OGD-treated HUVECs while inhibiting neutrophil migration and NETs formation, and ameliorating endothelial cell injury, which provides new ideas for the pathogenesis of thrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Yao
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chucun Fang
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zilong Wang
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianting Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital Ganzhou Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongwen Wu
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiacheng Ma
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianwen Mo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Gao X, Zhao X, Li J, Liu C, Li W, Zhao J, Li Z, Wang N, Wang F, Dong J, Yan X, Zhang J, Hu X, Jin J, Mang G, Ma R, Hu S. Neutrophil extracellular traps mediated by platelet microvesicles promote thrombosis and brain injury in acute ischemic stroke. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:50. [PMID: 38233928 PMCID: PMC10795390 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01379-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been implicated in thrombotic diseases. There is no definitive explanation for how NETs form during acute ischemic strokes (AIS). The purpose of our study was to investigate the potential mechanism and role of NETs formation in the AIS process. METHODS As well as 45 healthy subjects, 45 patients with AIS had ELISA tests performed to detect NET markers. Expression of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) on platelet microvesicles (PMVs) was analyzed by flow cytometry in healthy subjects and AIS patients' blood samples. We established middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice model to elucidate the interaction between PMPs and NETs. RESULTS A significant elevation in NET markers was found in patient plasma in AIS patients, and neutrophils generated more NETs from patients' neutrophils. HMGB1 expression was upregulated on PMVs from AIS patients and induced NET formation. NETs enhanced Procoagulant activity (PCA) through tissue factor and via platelet activation. Targeting lactadherin in genetical and in pharmacology could regulate the formation of NETs in MCAO model. CONCLUSIONS NETs mediated by PMVs derived HMGB1 exacerbate thrombosis and brain injury in AIS. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Changsha Fourth Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawei Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuwei Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xueyan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ge Mang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Ruishuang Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
- Department of Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Ningbo First Hospital of Ningbo, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Shaoshan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Leberzammer J, von Hundelshausen P. Chemokines, molecular drivers of thromboinflammation and immunothrombosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1276353. [PMID: 37954596 PMCID: PMC10637585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1276353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood clotting is a finely regulated process that is essential for hemostasis. However, when dysregulated or spontaneous, it promotes thrombotic disorders. The fact that these are triggered, accompanied and amplified by inflammation is reflected in the term thromboinflammation that includes chemokines. The role of chemokines in thrombosis is therefore illuminated from a cellular perspective, where endothelial cells, platelets, red blood cells, and leukocytes may be both the source and target of chemokines. Chemokine-dependent prothrombotic processes may thereby occur independently of chemokine receptors or be mediated by chemokine receptors, although the binding and activation of classical G protein-coupled receptors and their signaling pathways differ from those of atypical chemokine receptors, which do not function via cell activation and recruitment. Regardless of binding to their receptors, chemokines can induce thrombosis by forming platelet-activating immune complexes with heparin or other polyanions that are pathognomonic for HIT and VITT. In addition, chemokines can bind to NETs and alter their structure. They also change the electrical charge of the cell surface of platelets and interact with coagulation factors, thereby modulating the balance of fibrinolysis and coagulation. Moreover, CXCL12 activates CXCR4 on platelets independently of classical migratory chemokine activity and causes aggregation and thrombosis via the PI3Kβ and Btk signaling pathways. In contrast, typical chemokine-chemokine receptor interactions are involved in the processes that contribute to the adhesiveness of the endothelium in the initial phase of venous thrombosis, where neutrophils and monocytes subsequently accumulate in massive numbers. Later, the reorganization and resolution of a thrombus require coordinated cell migration and invasion of the thrombus, and, as such, indeed, chemokines recruit leukocytes to existing thrombi. Therefore, chemokines contribute in many independent ways to thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Leberzammer
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Chen C, Chang TT, Chen JW. Mechanistic role of CXCL5 in cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and kidney disease. Life Sci 2023; 330:122018. [PMID: 37567498 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines, by modulating inflammation process, could contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus (DM), and kidney disease. Chemokine CXC motif ligand 5 (CXCL5) is one of the inducible chemokines that may be involved in various inflammatory diseases. Given the bidirectional promiscuity characteristics of the chemokine system, the mechanistic roles of CXCL5 should be further explored in each specific disease. In this article, we sought to review the recent evidence on the differential effects of CXCL5 and their potential mechanisms in cardiovascular disease, DM, and renal disease individually. Future study is still required to verify if CXCL5 could be a novel therapeutic target in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chen
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ting Chang
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Biomedical Industry Ph.D. Program, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Department of Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital and Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Yao M, Ma J, Wu D, Fang C, Wang Z, Guo T, Mo J. Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate deep vein thrombosis: from mechanism to therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1198952. [PMID: 37680629 PMCID: PMC10482110 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a part of venous thromboembolism (VTE) that clinically manifests as swelling and pain in the lower limbs. The most serious clinical complication of DVT is pulmonary embolism (PE), which has a high mortality rate. To date, its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and patients usually present with clinical symptoms only after the formation of the thrombus. Thus, it is essential to understand the underlying mechanisms of deep vein thrombosis for an early diagnosis and treatment of DVT. In recent years, many studies have concluded that Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) are closely associated with DVT. These are released by neutrophils and, in addition to trapping pathogens, can mediate the formation of deep vein thrombi, thereby blocking blood vessels and leading to the development of disease. Therefore, this paper describes the occurrence and development of NETs and discusses the mechanism of action of NETs on deep vein thrombosis. It aims to provide a direction for improved diagnosis and treatment of deep vein thrombosis in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Yao
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiacheng Ma
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongwen Wu
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chucun Fang
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zilong Wang
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianting Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital Ganzhou Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianwen Mo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Ge Y, Wang C, Yao C, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Luo J, Chen J, Wang Y, Wang F, Wang L, Lin Y, Shi L, Yao S. STC3141 improves acute lung injury through neutralizing circulating histone in rat with experimentally-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1166814. [PMID: 37284312 PMCID: PMC10239964 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1166814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a challenge because of its high morbidity and mortality. Circulation histones levels in ARDS patients were correlated to disease severity and mortality. This study examined the impact of histone neutralization in a rat model of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) double-hit. Methods: Sixty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to sham (N = 8, received saline only) or LPS (N = 60). The LPS double-hit consisted of a 0.8 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection followed after 16 h by 5 mg/kg intra-tracheal nebulized LPS. The LPS group was then randomized into five groups: LPS only; LPS +5, 25, or 100 mg/kg intravenous STC3141 every 8 h (LPS + L, LPS + M, LPS + H, respectively); or LPS + intraperitoneal dexamethasone 2.5 mg/kg every 24 h for 56 h (LPS + D). The animals were observed for 72 h. Results: LPS animals developed ALI as suggested by lower oxygenation, lung edema formation, and histological changes compared to the sham animals. Compared to the LPS group, LPS + H and +D groups had significantly lower circulating histone levels and lung wet-to-dry ratio, and the LPS + D group also had lower BALF histone concentrations; the blood neutrophils and platelets counts in LPS + D group did not change, meanwhile, the LPS + L, +M and +H groups had significantly lower neutrophil counts and higher platelet counts in the blood; the total number of BALF WBC, platelet counts, MPO and H3 were significantly lower in the LPS + L, +M, +H and +D groups than in the LPS only group; and the degree of inflammation was significantly less in the LPS + L, +M, +H and +D groups, moreover, inflammation in the LPS + L, +M and +H animals showed a dose-dependent response; finally, the LPS + L, +M, +H and +D groups had improved oxygenation compared to the LPS group, and there were no statistical differences in PCO2 or pH among groups. All animals survived. Conclusion: Neutralization of histone using STC3141, especially at high dose, had similar therapeutic effects to dexamethasone in this LPS double-hit rat ALI model, with significantly decreased circulating histone concentration, improved acute lung injury and oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenye Yao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Grand Pharma (China) Co., Ltd, Hubei, China
| | | | - Junjie Luo
- Grand Pharma (China) Co., Ltd, Hubei, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuquan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Grand Pharma (China) Co., Ltd, Hubei, China
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Shi H, Shao B. LFA-1 Activation in T-Cell Migration and Immunological Synapse Formation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081136. [PMID: 37190045 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin LFA-1 plays a critical role in T-cell migration and in the formation of immunological synapses. LFA-1 functions through interacting with its ligands with differing affinities: low, intermediate, and high. Most prior research has studied how LFA-1 in the high-affinity state regulates the trafficking and functions of T cells. LFA-1 is also presented in the intermediate-affinity state on T cells, however, the signaling to activate LFA-1 to the intermediate-affinity state and the role of LFA-1 in this affinity state both remain largely elusive. This review briefly summarizes the activation and roles of LFA-1 with varied ligand-binding affinities in the regulation of T-cell migration and immunological synapse formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Shi
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Bojing Shao
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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11
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Muñoz-Callejas A, González-Sánchez E, Silván J, San Antonio E, González-Tajuelo R, Ramos-Manzano A, Sánchez-Abad I, González-Alvaro I, García-Pérez J, Tomero EG, de Vicuña RG, Vicente-Rabaneda EF, Castañeda S, Urzainqui A. Low P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 Expression in Neutrophils Associates with Disease Activity and Deregulated NET Formation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076144. [PMID: 37047117 PMCID: PMC10093849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the generation of anti-DNA autoantibodies due to exposure of immune cells to excessive amounts of extracellular DNA. Lack of P-selectin in mice induces the development of a lupus-like syndrome and patients with cutaneous lupus have reduced P-selectin expression in skin vessels. Using flow cytometry we analyzed in healthy donors and patients the expression of P-selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 (PSGL-1) in circulating neutrophils and the implication of PSGL-1/P-selectin interaction in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) generation. We found a statistical significance that neutrophils from active SLE patients have a reduced expression of PSGL-1 and low levels of PSGL-1 in neutrophils from SLE patients associated with the presence of anti-dsDNA antibodies, clinical lung involvement, Raynaud's phenomenon, and positive lupus anticoagulant. PSGL-1 is present along the DNA in the NET. In healthy donors, neutrophil interaction with immobilized P-selectin triggers Syk activation, increases the NETs percentage and reduces the amount of DNA extruded in the NETs. In active SLE patients, neutrophil interaction with P-selectin does not activate Syk or reduce the amount of DNA extruded in the NETs, that might contribute to increase the extracellular level of DNA and hence, to disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Muñoz-Callejas
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena González-Sánchez
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Silván
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther San Antonio
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael González-Tajuelo
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Ramos-Manzano
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Sánchez-Abad
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isidoro González-Alvaro
- Rheumatology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García-Pérez
- Pulmonology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva G Tomero
- Rheumatology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario García de Vicuña
- Rheumatology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther F Vicente-Rabaneda
- Rheumatology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Castañeda
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Rheumatology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Catedra UAM-Roche, EPID-Future, Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Urzainqui
- Immunology Department, Fundación de Investigación Biomédica (FIB), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Hospital de la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Jin J, Wang F, Tian J, Zhao X, Dong J, Wang N, Liu Z, Zhao H, Li W, Mang G, Hu S. Neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to coagulopathy after traumatic brain injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:141110. [PMID: 36802340 PMCID: PMC10070118 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.141110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Coagulopathy contributes to the majority of deaths and disabilities associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Whether neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to an abnormal coagulation state in the acute phase of TBI remains unknown. Our objectives were to demonstrate the definitive role of NETs in coagulopathy in TBI. We detected NET markers in 128 TBI patients and 34 healthy individuals. Neutrophil-platelet aggregates were detected in blood samples from TBI patients and healthy individuals using flow cytometry and staining for CD41 and CD66b. Endothelial cells were incubated with isolated NETs and we detected the expression of vascular endothelial cadherin, syndecan-1, thrombomodulin, von Willebrand factor, phosphatidylserine, and tissue factor. In addition, we established a TBI mouse model to determine the potential role of NETs in TBI-associated coagulopathy. NET generation was mediated by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) from activated platelets and contributed to procoagulant activity in TBI. Furthermore, coculture experiments indicated that NETs damaged the endothelial barrier and caused these cells to assume a procoagulant phenotype. Moreover, the administration of DNase I before or after brain trauma markedly reduced coagulopathy and improved the survival and clinical outcome of mice with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawei Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiawei Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongtao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ge Mang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shaoshan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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13
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Pathogenesis of Anemia in Canine Babesiosis: Possible Contribution of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines-A Review. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020166. [PMID: 36839438 PMCID: PMC9962459 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne protozoan disease caused by intraerythrocytic parasites of the genus Babesia. The infection may lead to anemia in infected dogs. However, anemia is not directly caused by the pathogen. The parasite's developmental stages only have a marginal role in contributing to a decreased red blood cell (RBC) count. The main cause of anemia in affected dogs is the immune response to the infection. This response includes antibody production, erythrophagocytosis, oxidative damage of RBCs, complement activation, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Moreover, both infected and uninfected erythrocytes are retained in the spleen and sequestered in micro-vessels. All these actions are driven by pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, especially IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8. Additionally, imbalance between the actions of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines plays a role in patho-mechanisms leading to anemia in canine babesiosis. This article is a review of the studies on the pathogenesis of anemia in canine babesiosis and related diseases, such as bovine or murine babesiosis and human or murine malaria, and the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the mechanisms leading to anemia in infected dogs.
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14
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Platelet-Neutrophil Crosstalk in Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021266. [PMID: 36674781 PMCID: PMC9861587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are essential for the formation of a haemostatic plug to prevent bleeding, while neutrophils are the guardians of our immune defences against invading pathogens. The interplay between platelets and innate immunity, and subsequent triggering of the activation of coagulation is part of the host system to prevent systemic spread of pathogen in the blood stream. Aberrant immunothrombosis and excessive inflammation can however, contribute to the thrombotic burden observed in many cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we highlight how platelets and neutrophils interact with each other and how their crosstalk is central to both arterial and venous thrombosis and in COVID-19. While targeting platelets and coagulation enables efficient antithrombotic treatments, they are often accompanied with a bleeding risk. We also discuss how novel approaches to reduce platelet-mediated recruitment of neutrophils could represent promising therapies to treat thrombosis without affecting haemostasis.
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15
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Shafqat A, Noor Eddin A, Adi G, Al-Rimawi M, Abdul Rab S, Abu-Shaar M, Adi K, Alkattan K, Yaqinuddin A. Neutrophil extracellular traps in central nervous system pathologies: A mini review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1083242. [PMID: 36873885 PMCID: PMC9981681 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1083242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first cells to be recruited to sites of acute inflammation and contribute to host defense through phagocytosis, degranulation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Neutrophils are rarely found in the brain because of the highly selective blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, several diseases disrupt the BBB and cause neuroinflammation. In this regard, neutrophils and NETs have been visualized in the brain after various insults, including traumatic (traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury), infectious (bacterial meningitis), vascular (ischemic stroke), autoimmune (systemic lupus erythematosus), neurodegenerative (multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease), and neoplastic (glioma) causes. Significantly, preventing neutrophil trafficking into the central nervous system or NET production in these diseases alleviates brain pathology and improves neurocognitive outcomes. This review summarizes the major studies on the contribution of NETs to central nervous system (CNS) disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areez Shafqat
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghaith Adi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Mylia Abu-Shaar
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kareem Adi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Alkattan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Wang Y, Zhu CL, Li P, Liu Q, Li HR, Yu CM, Deng XM, Wang JF. The role of G protein-coupled receptor in neutrophil dysfunction during sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1112196. [PMID: 36891309 PMCID: PMC9986442 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1112196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection. It is a common and complex syndrome and is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. The lungs are most vulnerable to the challenge of sepsis, and the incidence of respiratory dysfunction has been reported to be up to 70%, in which neutrophils play a major role. Neutrophils are the first line of defense against infection, and they are regarded as the most responsive cells in sepsis. Normally, neutrophils recognize chemokines including the bacterial product N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), complement 5a (C5a), and lipid molecules Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), and enter the site of infection through mobilization, rolling, adhesion, migration, and chemotaxis. However, numerous studies have confirmed that despite the high levels of chemokines in septic patients and mice at the site of infection, the neutrophils cannot migrate to the proper target location, but instead they accumulate in the lungs, releasing histones, DNA, and proteases that mediate tissue damage and induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This is closely related to impaired neutrophil migration in sepsis, but the mechanism involved is still unclear. Many studies have shown that chemokine receptor dysregulation is an important cause of impaired neutrophil migration, and the vast majority of these chemokine receptors belong to the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In this review, we summarize the signaling pathways by which neutrophil GPCR regulates chemotaxis and the mechanisms by which abnormal GPCR function in sepsis leads to impaired neutrophil chemotaxis, which can further cause ARDS. Several potential targets for intervention are proposed to improve neutrophil chemotaxis, and we hope that this review may provide insights for clinical practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Long Zhu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Ru Li
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Chang-Meng Yu
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Deng
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Faculty of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jia-Feng Wang
- Faculty of Anesthesiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Role of neutrophil extracellular traps in inflammatory evolution in severe acute pancreatitis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2773-2784. [PMID: 36729096 PMCID: PMC9945416 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a life-threatening acute abdominal disease with two peaks of death: the first in the early stage, characterized by systemic inflammatory response-associated organ failure; and the second in the late stage, characterized by infectious complications. Neutrophils are the main immune cells participating in the whole process of SAP. In addition to the traditional recognition of neutrophils as the origination of chemokine and cytokine cascades or phagocytosis and degranulation of pathogens, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) also play an important roles in inflammatory reactions. We reviewed the role of NETs in the occurrence and development of SAP and its fatal complications, including multiple organs injury, infected pancreatic necrosis, and thrombosis. This review provides novel insights into the involvement of NETs throughout the entire process of SAP, showing that targeting NETs might be a promising strategy in SAP treatment. However, precision therapeutic options targeting NETs in different situations require further investigation.
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18
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Huang J, Hong W, Wan M, Zheng L. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic target of NETosis in diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e162. [PMID: 36000086 PMCID: PMC9390875 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence shows that neutrophils can protect the host against pathogens in multiple ways, including the formation and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are web‐like structures composed of fibers, DNA, histones, and various neutrophil granule proteins. NETs can capture and kill pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. The process of NET formation is called NETosis. According to whether they depend on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), NETosis can be divided into two categories: “suicidal” NETosis and “vital” NETosis. However, NET components, including neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, and cell‐free DNA, cause a proinflammatory response and potentially severe diseases. Compelling evidence indicates a link between NETs and the pathogenesis of a number of diseases, including sepsis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, small‐vessel vasculitis, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, COVID‐19, and others. Therefore, targeting the process and products of NETosis is critical for treating diseases linked with NETosis. Researchers have discovered that several NET inhibitors, such as toll‐like receptor inhibitors and reactive oxygen species scavengers, can prevent uncontrolled NET development. This review summarizes the mechanism of NETosis, the receptors associated with NETosis, the pathology of NETosis‐induced diseases, and NETosis‐targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Huang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Weiqi Hong
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Meihua Wan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Limin Zheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center Guangzhou China
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19
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Nayak L, Sweet DR, Thomas A, Lapping SD, Kalikasingh K, Madera A, Vinayachandran V, Padmanabhan R, Vasudevan NT, Myers JT, Huang AY, Schmaier A, Mackman N, Liao X, Maiseyeu A, Jain MK. A targetable pathway in neutrophils mitigates both arterial and venous thrombosis. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabj7465. [PMID: 36044595 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj7465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Arterial and venous thrombosis constitutes a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Long considered as distinct entities, accumulating evidence indicates that arterial and venous thrombosis can occur in the same populations, suggesting that common mechanisms are likely operative. Although hyperactivation of the immune system is a common forerunner to the genesis of thrombotic events in both vascular systems, the key molecular control points remain poorly understood. Consequently, antithrombotic therapies targeting the immune system for therapeutics gain are lacking. Here, we show that neutrophils are key effectors of both arterial and venous thrombosis and can be targeted through immunoregulatory nanoparticles. Using antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) as a model for arterial and venous thrombosis, we identified the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) as a key regulator of neutrophil activation. Upon activation through genetic loss of KLF2 or administration of antiphospholipid antibodies, neutrophils clustered P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) by cortical actin remodeling, thereby increasing adhesion potential at sites of thrombosis. Targeting clustered PSGL-1 using nanoparticles attenuated neutrophil-mediated thrombosis in APS and KLF2 knockout models, illustrating the importance and feasibility of targeting activated neutrophils to prevent pathological thrombosis. Together, our results demonstrate a role for activated neutrophils in both arterial and venous thrombosis and identify key molecular events that serve as potential targets for therapeutics against diverse causes of immunothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Nayak
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David R Sweet
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Asha Thomas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Stephanie D Lapping
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kenneth Kalikasingh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Annmarie Madera
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Vinesh Vinayachandran
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Roshan Padmanabhan
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Neelakantan T Vasudevan
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jay T Myers
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alex Y Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alvin Schmaier
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Nigel Mackman
- Division of Hematology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Xudong Liao
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Andrei Maiseyeu
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Mukesh K Jain
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, R1 02903
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20
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Jin J, Zhao X, Li W, Wang F, Tian J, Wang N, Gao X, Zhang J, Wu J, Mang G, Ma R, Hu S. Neutrophil extracellular traps: A novel therapeutic target for intracranial hemorrhage. Thromb Res 2022; 219:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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21
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Wang L, Wang X, Guo E, Mao X, Miao S. Emerging roles of platelets in cancer biology and their potential as therapeutic targets. Front Oncol 2022; 12:939089. [PMID: 35936717 PMCID: PMC9355257 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.939089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The main role of platelets is to control bleeding and repair vascular damage via thrombosis. They have also been implicated to promote tumor metastasis through platelet-tumor cell interactions. Platelet-tumor cell interactions promote tumor cell survival and dissemination in blood circulation. Tumor cells are known to induce platelet activation and alter platelet RNA profiles. Liquid biopsies based on tumor-educated platelet biomarkers can detect tumors and correlate with prognosis, personalized therapy, treatment monitoring, and recurrence prediction. Platelet-based strategies for cancer prevention and tumor-targeted therapy include developing drugs that target platelet receptors, interfere with the release of platelet particles, inhibit platelet-specific enzymes, and utilize platelet-derived “nano-platelets” as a targeted drug delivery platform for tumor therapy. This review elaborates on platelet-tumor cell interactions and the molecular mechanisms and discusses future research directions for platelet-based liquid biopsy techniques and platelet-targeted anti-tumor strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Erliang Guo
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xionghui Mao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xionghui Mao, ; Susheng Miao,
| | - Susheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xionghui Mao, ; Susheng Miao,
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22
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Tian X, Liu J, Jia W, Jiang P, Cheng Z, Zhang Y, Li J, Liu X, Tian C. MiR-197-3p affects angiogenesis and inflammation of endothelial cells by targeting CXCR2/COX2 axis. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:4666-4677. [PMID: 35958438 PMCID: PMC9360832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased circulating miR-197-3p was found in patients with recurrent deep vein thrombosis (DVT), but the specific role of miR-197-3p needs further exploration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Venous blood samples were collected from DVT patients and healthy controls, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated to examine the expression patterns of miR-197-3p, CXCR2 and COX2 by qRT-PCR. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were further used as a cellular model to investigate the role of the miR-197-3p/CXCR2/COX2 axis in regulating cell viability, angiogenesis, and inflammation, which were determined by MTT assay, Matrigel-based tube formation assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to examine the interactions between miR-198-3p and CXCR2. Expression of NF-κB p65 was examined by western blot to investigate whether the NF-κB pathway was involved in the regulatory effect of miR-197-3p on DVT. RESULTS miR-197-3p was decreased in PBMCs of patients with DVT, while CXCR2 and COX2 were increased compared to the healthy controls. In HUVECs, overexpression of miR-197-3p reduced CXCR2 levels and inhibited cell viability, angiogenesis, and release of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, which were reversed by miR-197-3p inhibition. Dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated miR-197-3p directly bound to CXCR2. CXCR2 further upregulated the expression of COX2 and activated the NF-κB pathway, promoting cell viability, angiogenesis and release of inflammatory cytokines in HUVECs. The effect of miR-197-3p inhibition on cell viability, angiogenesis and inflammation of HUVECs could be reversed by CXCR2 silencing. CONCLUSION MiR-197-3p affected viability, angiogenesis and inflammation of endothelial cells by targeting CXCR2/COX2 axis in vitro. Our findings provided a novel theoretical basis to investigate more effective therapies for DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Tian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
| | - Jianlong Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
| | - Zhiyuan Cheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
| | - Yunxin Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
| | - Jinyong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
| | - Chenyang Tian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035, China
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Wang G, Zhao W, Zhao Z, Wang D, Wang D, Bai R, Hou B, Ren H. Leukocyte as an Independent Predictor of Lower-Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Elderly Patients With Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2022; 13:899849. [PMID: 35903126 PMCID: PMC9314880 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.899849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Due to the interaction of leukocytes with platelets and coagulation factors, they may in turn play a role in hemostasis or the formation of thrombi. This study aimed to investigate the association of leukocytosis on admission with an increased risk of acute lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) in elderly patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods This was a single-center, retrospective observational study of consecutive patients observed with spontaneous ICH aged 60 years or above at Lanzhou University Second Hospital from January 2017 to September 2021. Clinical data and demographic information were collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors of acute LEDVT. One-to-one matching was implemented to balance important patient characteristics by the groups' propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Results A total of 371 elderly patients with primary ICH fulfilled requirements for inclusion and exclusion, of whom 33 (8.89%) experienced LEDVT. Leukocyte counts were statistically higher in the LEDVT group compared to the non-LEDVT group [12.89 (8.80–14.61) × 109 cells/L vs. 8.31 (6.60–10.75) × 109 cells /L, p < 0.001]. Multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for several potential confounding factors were performed, and leukocytes were consistently a significant independent predictor of LEDVT. The optimal cut-off value of leukocyte counts calculated from the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to predict LEDVT was 10.22 × 109 cells /L (area under the curve:0.714, 95%CI 0.665–0.759; the sensitivity was 72.73%; the specificity was 71.01%) in elderly patients with primary ICH. After one-to-one PSM, compared to the matched non-LEDVT group, the matched LEDVT group had significantly higher leukocyte counts [11.98 (8.40–13.94) × 109 cells/L vs. 6.12 (4.68–12.00) × 109 cells/L, p = 0.003]. After PSM, the ROC curve was plotted for leukocytes as a predictor of LEDVT, with an AUC of 0.722 (95%CI 0.593–0.828, p = 0.001; the sensitivity was 87.10%, and the specificity was 61.29%). Elevated leukocytes remained independently significant as predictors of LEDVT in elderly patients with primary ICH. Conclusion Leukocyte at admission is an independent risk factor of LEDVT in elderly patients with primary ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Zhao
- Department of Health Management Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dengfeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ruobing Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Boru Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Boru Hou
| | - Haijun Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Haijun Ren
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Galli E, Maggio E, Pomero F. Venous Thromboembolism in Sepsis: From Bench to Bedside. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071651. [PMID: 35884956 PMCID: PMC9313423 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic patients were commonly affected by coagulation disorders; thus, they are at high risk of thrombotic complications. In the last decades, novel knowledge has emerged about the interconnected and reciprocal influence of immune and coagulation systems. This phenomenon is called immunothrombosis, and it indicates an effective response whereby immune cells and the coagulation cascade cooperate to limit pathogen invasion and endothelial damage. When this network becomes dysregulated due to a systemic inflammatory activation, as occurs during sepsis, it can result in pathological thrombosis. Endothelium, platelets and neutrophils are the main characters involved in this process, together with the TF and coagulation cascade, playing a critical role in both the host defense and in thrombogenesis. A deeper understanding of this relationship may allow us to answer the growing need for clinical instruments to establish the thrombotic risk and treatments that consider more the connection between coagulation and inflammation. Heparin remains the principal therapeutical response to this phenomenon, although not sufficiently effective. To date, no other significant alternatives have been found yet. In this review, we discuss the role of sepsis-related inflammation in the development and resolution of venous thromboembolism and its clinical implications, from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Galli
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, University of Turin, 10100 Turin, TO, Italy;
- Department of Internal Medicine, M. and P. Ferrero Hospital, 12060 Verduno, CN, Italy;
| | - Elena Maggio
- Department of Internal Medicine, M. and P. Ferrero Hospital, 12060 Verduno, CN, Italy;
| | - Fulvio Pomero
- Department of Internal Medicine, M. and P. Ferrero Hospital, 12060 Verduno, CN, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-01721408100
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25
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Purdy M, Obi A, Myers D, Wakefield T. P- and E- selectin in venous thrombosis and non-venous pathologies. J Thromb Haemost 2022; 20:1056-1066. [PMID: 35243742 PMCID: PMC9314977 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism is a very common and costly health problem worldwide. Anticoagulant treatment for VTE is imperfect: all have the potential for significant bleeding, and none prevent the development of post thrombotic syndrome after deep vein thrombosis or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary embolism. For these reasons, alternate forms of therapy with improved efficacy and decreased bleeding are needed. Selectins are a family (P-selectin, E-selectin, L-selectin) of glycoproteins that facilitate and augment thrombosis, modulating neutrophil, monocyte, and platelet activity. P- and E-selectin have been investigated as potential biomarkers for thrombosis. Inhibition of P-selectin and E-selectin decrease thrombosis and vein wall fibrosis, with no increase in bleeding. Selectin inhibition is a promising avenue of future study as either a stand-alone treatment for VTE or as an adjunct to standard anticoagulation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Purdy
- University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Andrea Obi
- Section of Vascular SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Daniel Myers
- Section of Vascular SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine and Section of Vascular SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Thomas Wakefield
- Section of Vascular SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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26
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Navarrete S, Solar C, Tapia R, Pereira J, Fuentes E, Palomo I. Pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis. Clin Exp Med 2022:10.1007/s10238-022-00829-w. [PMID: 35471714 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00829-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Deep venous thrombosis is a frequent, multifactorial disease and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Most of the time deep venous thrombosis is triggered by the interaction between acquired risk factors, such as hip fracture, pregnancy, and immobility, and hereditary risk factors such as thrombophilias. The mechanisms underlying deep venous thrombosis are not fully elucidated; however, in recent years, important advances have shed light on the role of venous flow, endothelium, platelets, leukocytes, and the interaction between inflammation and hemostasis. It has been described that the alteration of venous blood flow produces endothelial activation, favoring the adhesion of platelets and leukocytes, which, through tissue factor expression and neutrophil extracellular traps formation, contribute to the activation of coagulation, trapping more cells, such as red blood cells. Thus, the concerted interaction of these phenomena allows the formation and growth of the thrombus. In this work, the main mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of deep vein thrombosis will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simón Navarrete
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Carla Solar
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Jaime Pereira
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, 3460000, Talca, Chile.
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27
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Cappenberg A, Kardell M, Zarbock A. Selectin-Mediated Signaling-Shedding Light on the Regulation of Integrin Activity in Neutrophils. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081310. [PMID: 35455989 PMCID: PMC9025114 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As a consequence of tissue injury or infection, neutrophils are recruited in a stepwise recruitment process from the bloodstream into the surrounding tissue. Selectins are a family of adhesion molecules comprised of L-, E-, and P-selectin. Differences in expression patterns, protein structure, and ligand binding characteristics mediate distinct functions of each selectin. Interactions of selectins and their counter-receptors mediate the first contact of neutrophils with the endothelium, as well as subsequent neutrophil rolling along the endothelial surface. For efficient neutrophil recruitment, activation of β2-integrins on the cell surface is essential. Integrin activation can be elicited via selectin- as well as chemokine-mediated inside-out signaling resulting in integrin conformational changes and clustering. Dysregulation of selectin-induced integrin activation on neutrophils is involved in the development of severe pathological disease conditions including leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) syndromes in humans. Here, we review molecular mechanisms involved in selectin-mediated signaling pathways in neutrophils and their impact on integrin activation, neutrophil recruitment, and inflammatory diseases.
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28
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Characterization of cerebral small vessel disease by neutrophil and platelet activation markers using artificial intelligence. J Neuroimmunol 2022; 367:577863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Analysis of the Composition of Deinagkistrodon acutus Snake Venom Based on Proteomics, and Its Antithrombotic Activity and Toxicity Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072229. [PMID: 35408629 PMCID: PMC9000436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a strong correlation between the composition of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom proteins and their potential pharmacological effects. The proteomic analysis revealed 103 proteins identified through label-free proteomics from 30 different snake venom families. Phospholipase A2 (30.0%), snaclec (21.0%), antithrombin (17.8%), thrombin (8.1%) and metalloproteinases (4.2%) were the most abundant proteins. The main toxicity of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom is hematotoxicity and neurotoxicity, and it acts on the lung. Deinagkistrodon acutus venom may have anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects. In summary, the protein profile and related toxicity and pharmacological activity of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom from southwest China were put forward for the first time. In addition, we revealed the relationship between the main toxicity, pharmacological effects, and the protein components of snake venom.
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30
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Upregulated miR-206 Aggravates Deep Vein Thrombosis by Regulating GJA1-Mediated Autophagy of Endothelial Progenitor Cells. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:9966306. [PMID: 35360546 PMCID: PMC8956392 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9966306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the third most prevalent vascular disease worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play regulatory roles in functions of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which is becoming a promising therapeutic choice for thrombus resolution. Nevertheless, the role of miR-206 in EPCs is unclear. Methods EPCs were isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with DVT. In DVT mouse models, DVT was induced by stenosis of the inferior vena cava (IVC). The levels of miR-206 and gap junction protein alpha 1 (GJA1) in EPCs and vascular tissues of DVT mice were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were tested by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell assay, flow cytometry analysis, and in vitro tube formation assay. The levels of autophagy-related proteins as well as the level of GJA1 in EPCs and vascular tissues were evaluated by western blotting. DVT formation in vivo was observed through hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The expression of thrombus resolution markers, CD34 molecule (CD34) and matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2), in the thrombi was measured by immunofluorescence staining. Results miR-206 overexpression inhibited proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis and promoted apoptosis of EPCs, while miR-206 knockdown exerted an opposite effect on EPC phenotypes. Downregulation of GJA1, the target of miR-206, abolished the influence of miR-206 on EPC phenotypes. Furthermore, silencing of miR-206 suppressed the autophagy of EPCs via upregulating GJA1. miR-206 knockdown repressed thrombus formation, enhanced the homing ability of EPCs to the thrombosis site, and facilitated thrombus resolution in DVT mouse models. Additionally, miR-206 was upregulated while GJA1 was downregulated in vascular tissues of DVT mice. miR-206 knockdown elevated GJA1 expression in vascular tissues of DVT mice. The expression of miR-206 was negatively correlated with that of GJA1 in DVT mice. Conclusion miR-206 knockdown upregulates GJA1 to inhibit autophagy of EPCs and then promote EPC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, thereby enhancing EPC homing to thrombi and facilitating thrombus resolution.
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Bhuria V, Baldauf CK, Schraven B, Fischer T. Thromboinflammation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)-A Puzzle Still to Be Solved. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063206. [PMID: 35328626 PMCID: PMC8954909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), a group of malignant hematological disorders, occur as a consequence of somatic mutations in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment and show excessive accumulation of mature myeloid cells in the blood. A major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients is the marked prothrombotic state leading to venous and arterial thrombosis, including myocardial infarction (MI), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and strokes. Additionally, many MPN patients suffer from inflammation-mediated constitutional symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, fatigue, and cachexia. The chronic inflammatory syndrome in MPNs is associated with the up-regulation of various inflammatory cytokines in patients and is involved in the formation of the so-called MPN thromboinflammation. JAK2-V617F, the most prevalent mutation in MPNs, has been shown to activate a number of integrins on mature myeloid cells, including granulocytes and erythrocytes, which increase adhesion and drive venous thrombosis in murine knock-in/out models. This review aims to shed light on the current understanding of thromboinflammation, involvement of neutrophils in the prothrombotic state, plausible molecular mechanisms triggering the process of thrombosis, and potential novel therapeutic targets for developing effective strategies to reduce the MPN disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Bhuria
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (V.B.); (C.K.B.); (T.F.)
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention—ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Conny K. Baldauf
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (V.B.); (C.K.B.); (T.F.)
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (V.B.); (C.K.B.); (T.F.)
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention—ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-391-67-15338; Fax: +49-391-67-15852
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; (V.B.); (C.K.B.); (T.F.)
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention—ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Bhuria V, Baldauf CK, Schraven B, Fischer T. Thromboinflammation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN)-A Puzzle Still to Be Solved. Int J Mol Sci 2022. [PMID: 35328626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063206.pmid:35328626;pmcid:pmc8954909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), a group of malignant hematological disorders, occur as a consequence of somatic mutations in the hematopoietic stem cell compartment and show excessive accumulation of mature myeloid cells in the blood. A major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients is the marked prothrombotic state leading to venous and arterial thrombosis, including myocardial infarction (MI), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and strokes. Additionally, many MPN patients suffer from inflammation-mediated constitutional symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, fatigue, and cachexia. The chronic inflammatory syndrome in MPNs is associated with the up-regulation of various inflammatory cytokines in patients and is involved in the formation of the so-called MPN thromboinflammation. JAK2-V617F, the most prevalent mutation in MPNs, has been shown to activate a number of integrins on mature myeloid cells, including granulocytes and erythrocytes, which increase adhesion and drive venous thrombosis in murine knock-in/out models. This review aims to shed light on the current understanding of thromboinflammation, involvement of neutrophils in the prothrombotic state, plausible molecular mechanisms triggering the process of thrombosis, and potential novel therapeutic targets for developing effective strategies to reduce the MPN disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Bhuria
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention-ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Conny K Baldauf
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention-ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Fischer
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Health-Campus Immunology, Infectiology, and Inflammation, Medical Center, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention-ChaMP, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Zhao X, Zhou L, Kou Y, Kou J. Activated neutrophils in the initiation and progression of COVID-19: hyperinflammation and immunothrombosis in COVID-19. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1454-1468. [PMID: 35422922 PMCID: PMC8991139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). COVID-19 is typically associated with fever and influenza-like symptoms in its early stages. Severe cases progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome/acute lung injury (ARDS/ALI), multiple organ damage, and even death. Until now, there has been a lack of specific and definitive treatment for COVID-19, which further challenges the situation. Previous clinical and laboratory data showed that neutrophils were significantly decreased in patients who died from COVID-19 in the early stages of disease; when patients were admitted to the hospital the number of neutrophils increased dramatically from 7 to 14 days after admission, which is correlated to myocardial and liver injury, thromboembolic complications, and poor prognosis. Autopsy findings revealed abundant neutrophil infiltration in the pulmonary capillaries and exudation into the alveolar cavity. Therefore, we speculate that neutrophils may play an important role in the initiation and progression of COVID-19. In this review, the relationship among the dynamic changes in neutrophils, cytokine storms, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) with the progression of COVID-19 was elucidated in detail. With a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms this can lead to improved clinical applications which are identified and discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology of The Second Hospital, Harbin Medical University Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology of The Second Hospital, Harbin Medical University Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Kou
- Department of Cardiology of The Second Hospital, Harbin Medical University Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Junjie Kou
- Department of Cardiology of The Second Hospital, Harbin Medical University Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
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34
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Chen N, He D, Cui J. A Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Signature Predicts the Clinical Outcomes and Immunotherapy Response in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:833771. [PMID: 35252353 PMCID: PMC8894649 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.833771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the occurrence, metastasis and immune escape of cancers. This study aimed to investigate NET-related genes, their clinical prognostic value and their correlation with immunotherapy and anticancer drugs in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods: Differentially expressed NET-related genes in HNSCC were identified based on multiple public databases. To improve the clinical practicability and avoid overfitting, univariable, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariable Cox algorithms were used to construct a prognostic risk model. A nomogram was further used to explore the clinical value of the model. Internal and external validation were conducted to test the model. Furthermore, the immune microenvironment, immunophenoscore (IPS) and sensitivity to anticancer drugs in HNSCC patients with different prognostic risks were explored. Results: Six NET-related genes were screened to construct the risk model. In the training cohort, Kaplan–Meier (K-M) analysis showed that the overall survival (OS) of low-risk HNSCC patients was significantly better than that of high-risk HNSCC patients (p < 0.001). The nomogram also showed a promising prognostic value with a better C-index (0.726 vs 0.640) and area under the curve (AUC) (0.743 vs 0.706 at 3 years, 0.743 vs 0.645 at 5 years) than those in previous studies. Calibration plots and decision curve analysis (DCA) also showed the satisfactory predictive capacity of the nomogram. Internal and external validation further strengthened the credibility of the clinical prognostic model. The level of tumor mutational burden (TMB) in the high-risk group was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group (p = 0.017), and the TMB was positively correlated with the risk score (R = 0.11; p = 0.019). Moreover, the difference in immune infiltration was significant in HNSCC patients with different risks (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the IPS analysis indicated that anti-PD-1 (p < 0.001), anti-CTLA4 (p < 0.001) or combining immunotherapies (p < 0.001) were more beneficial for low-risk HNSCC patients. The response to anticancer drugs was also closely correlated with the expression of NET-related genes (p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study identified a novel prognostic model that might be beneficial to develop personalized treatment for HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naifei Chen
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongsheng He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of Putian, Teaching Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Putian, China
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Jiuwei Cui,
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35
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Knight JS, Kanthi Y. Mechanisms of immunothrombosis and vasculopathy in antiphospholipid syndrome. Semin Immunopathol 2022; 44:347-362. [PMID: 35122116 PMCID: PMC8816310 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-022-00916-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune thrombophilia propelled by circulating antiphospholipid antibodies that herald vascular thrombosis and obstetrical complications. Antiphospholipid antibodies recognize phospholipids and phospholipid-binding proteins and are not only markers of disease but also key drivers of APS pathophysiology. Thrombotic events in APS can be attributed to various conspirators including activated endothelial cells, platelets, and myeloid-lineage cells, as well as derangements in coagulation and fibrinolytic systems. Furthermore, recent work has especially highlighted the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and the complement system in APS thrombosis. Beyond acute thrombosis, patients with APS can also develop an occlusive vasculopathy, a long-term consequence of APS characterized by cell proliferation and infiltration that progressively expands the intima and leads to organ damage. This review will highlight known pathogenic factors in APS and will also briefly discuss similarities between APS and the thrombophilic coagulopathy of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Knight
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Yogendra Kanthi
- Division of Intramural Research National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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36
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Chemokines as Regulators of Neutrophils: Focus on Tumors, Therapeutic Targeting, and Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030680. [PMID: 35158948 PMCID: PMC8833344 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Neutrophils are the main leukocyte subset present in human blood and play a fundamental role in the defense against infections. Neutrophils are also an important component of the tumor stroma because they are recruited by selected chemokines produced by both cancer cells and other cells of the stroma. Even if their presence has been mostly associated with a bad prognosis, tumor-associated neutrophils are present in different maturation and activation states and can exert both protumor and antitumor activities. In addition, it is now emerging that chemokines not only induce neutrophil directional migration but also have an important role in their activation and maturation. For these reasons, chemokines and chemokine receptors are now considered targets to improve the antitumoral function of neutrophils in cancer immunotherapy. Abstract Neutrophils are an important component of the tumor microenvironment, and their infiltration has been associated with a poor prognosis for most human tumors. However, neutrophils have been shown to be endowed with both protumor and antitumor activities, reflecting their heterogeneity and plasticity in cancer. A growing body of studies has demonstrated that chemokines and chemokine receptors, which are fundamental regulators of neutrophils trafficking, can affect neutrophil maturation and effector functions. Here, we review human and mouse data suggesting that targeting chemokines or chemokine receptors can modulate neutrophil activity and improve their antitumor properties and the efficiency of immunotherapy.
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37
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Chen T, Li Y, Sun R, Hu H, Liu Y, Herrmann M, Zhao Y, Muñoz LE. Receptor-Mediated NETosis on Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2021; 12:775267. [PMID: 34804066 PMCID: PMC8600110 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.775267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a web-like structures containing chromatin, have a significant role in assisting the capture and killing of microorganisms by neutrophils during infection. The specific engagement of cell-surface receptors by extracellular signaling molecules activates diverse intracellular signaling cascades and regulates neutrophil effector functions, including phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species release, degranulation, and NET formation. However, overproduction of NETs is closely related to the occurrence of inflammation, autoimmune disorders, non-canonical thrombosis and tumor metastasis. Therefore, it is necessary to understand neutrophil activation signals and the subsequent formation of NETs, as well as the related immune regulation. In this review, we provide an overview of the immunoreceptor-mediated regulation of NETosis. The pathways involved in the release of NETs during infection or stimulation by noninfectious substances are discussed in detail. The mechanisms by which neutrophils undergo NETosis help to refine our views on the roles of NETs in immune protection and autoimmune diseases, providing a theoretical basis for research on the immune regulation of NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Rare Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luis E Muñoz
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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38
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Pereshein AV, Kuznetsova SV, Shevantaeva ON. On the Nonspecific Resistance in Burn Injury: Pathophysiological Aspects (Review). Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2021; 12:84-93. [PMID: 34795984 PMCID: PMC8596251 DOI: 10.17691/stm2020.12.3.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An analysis of nonspecific resistance in burn patients is conducted. The role of subpopulations of neutrophils and monocytes/ macrophages in severe burn injury is discussed. The significance of blood cells for the burn-induced immune dysfunction, susceptibility to sepsis and multiple organ failure is underscored. The involvement of secondary complications in the development of morbidity and mortality in patients with burn injury is shown. New approaches to identifying individuals with a risk of adverse outcome are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Pereshein
- Assistant, Department of Pathological Physiology; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - S V Kuznetsova
- Associate Professor, Department of Pathological Physiology; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - O N Shevantaeva
- Professor, Department of Pathological Physiology Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
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39
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Hidalgo A, Libby P, Soehnlein O, Aramburu IV, Papayannopoulos V, Silvestre-Roig C. Neutrophil extracellular traps: from physiology to pathology. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2737-2753. [PMID: 34648022 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At the frontline of the host defense response, neutrophil antimicrobial functions have adapted to combat infections and injuries of different origins and magnitude. The release of web-like DNA structures named neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) constitutes an important mechanism by which neutrophils prevent pathogen dissemination or deal with microorganisms of a bigger size. At the same time, nuclear and granule proteins with microbicidal activity bind to these DNA structures promoting the elimination of entrapped pathogens. However, these toxic properties may produce unwanted effects in the host, when neutrophils uncontrollably release NETs upon persistent inflammation. As a consequence, NET accumulation can produce vessel occlusion, tissue damage, and prolonged inflammation associating with the progression and exacerbation of multiple pathologic conditions. This review outlines recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of NET release and functions in sterile disease. We also discuss mechanisms of physiological regulation and the importance of neutrophil heterogeneity in NET formation and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Hidalgo
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Libby
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, Germany.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (FyFa), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iker Valle Aramburu
- Laboratory of Antimicrobial Defence, The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | | | - Carlos Silvestre-Roig
- Institute for Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, Germany
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40
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Makatsariya AD, Slukhanchuk EV, Bitsadze VO, Khizroeva JK, Tretyakova MV, Makatsariya NA, Akinshina SV, Shkoda AS, Pankratyeva LL, Di Renzo GC, Rizzo G, Grigorieva KN, Tsibizova VI, Gris JC, Elalamy I. Neutrophil extracellular traps: a role in inflammation and dysregulated hemostasis as well as in patients with COVID-19 and severe obstetric pathology. OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION 2021. [DOI: 10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2021.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have proven a close relationship between inflammatory diseases and the state of hypercoagulability. In fact, thromboembolic complications represent one of the main causes of disability and mortality in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer and obstetric complications. Despite this, the processes of hemostasis and immune responses have long been considered separately; currently, work is underway to identify the molecular basis for a relationship between such systems. It has been identified that various pro-inflammatory stimuli are capable of triggering a coagulation cascade, which in turn modulates inflammatory responses. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are the networks of histones of extracellular DNA generated by neutrophils in response to inflammatory stimuli. The hemostasis is activated against infection in order to minimize the spread of infection and, if possible, inactivate the infectious agent. Another molecular network is based on fibrin. Over the last 10 years, there has been accumulated a whole body of evidence that NETs and fibrin are able to form a united network within a thrombus, stabilizing each other. Similarities and molecular cross-reactions are also present in the processes of fibrinolysis and lysis of NETs. Both NETs and von Willebrand factor (vWF) are involved in thrombosis as well as inflammation. During the development of these conditions, a series of events occurs in the microvascular network, including endothelial activation, NETs formation, vWF secretion, adhesion, aggregation, and activation of blood cells. The activity of vWF multimers is regulated by the specific metalloproteinase ADAMTS-13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13). Studies have shown that interactions between NETs and vWF can lead to arterial and venous thrombosis and inflammation. In addition, the contents released from activated neutrophils or NETs result in decreased ADAMTS-13 activity, which can occur in both thrombotic microangiopathies and acute ischemic stroke. Recently, NETs have been envisioned as a cause of endothelial damage and immunothrombosis in COVID-19. In addition, vWF and ADAMTS-13 levels predict COVID-19 mortality. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics and interactions of NETs, vWF, and ADAMTS-13, the effect of NETs on hemostasis regulation and discuss their role in thrombotic conditions, sepsis, COVID-19, and obstetric complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - A. S. Shkoda
- Vorokhobov City Clinical Hospital № 67, Moscow Healthcare Department
| | - L. L. Pankratyeva
- Vorokhobov City Clinical Hospital № 67, Moscow Healthcare Department; Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Health Ministry of Russian Federation
| | - G. C. Di Renzo
- Sechenov University; Center for Prenatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia
| | - G. Rizzo
- Sechenov University; University of Rome Tor Vergata
| | | | - V. I. Tsibizova
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Health Ministry of Russian Federation
| | - J.-C. Gris
- Sechenov University; University of Montpellier
| | - I. Elalamy
- Sechenov University; Medicine Sorbonne University; Hospital Tenon
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41
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Liu W, Hsu AY, Wang Y, Lin T, Sun H, Pachter JS, Groisman A, Imperioli M, Yungher FW, Hu L, Wang P, Deng Q, Fan Z. Mitofusin-2 regulates leukocyte adhesion and β2 integrin activation. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:771-791. [PMID: 34494308 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0720-471r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are critical for inflammation and innate immunity, and their adhesion to vascular endothelium is a crucial step in neutrophil recruitment. Mitofusin-2 (MFN2) is required for neutrophil adhesion, but molecular details are unclear. Here, we demonstrated that β2 -integrin-mediated slow-rolling and arrest, but not PSGL-1-mediated cell rolling, are defective in MFN2-deficient neutrophil-like HL60 cells. This adhesion defect is associated with reduced expression of fMLP (N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) receptor FPR1 as well as the inhibited β2 integrin activation, as assessed by conformation-specific monoclonal antibodies. MFN2 deficiency also leads to decreased actin polymerization, which is important for β2 integrin activation. Mn2+ -induced cell spreading is also inhibited after MFN2 knockdown. MFN2 deficiency limited the maturation of β2 integrin activation during the neutrophil-directed differentiation of HL60 cells, which is indicated by CD35 and CD87 markers. MFN2 knockdown in β2-integrin activation-matured cells (CD87high population) also inhibits integrin activation, indicating that MFN2 directly affects β2 integrin activation. Our study illustrates the function of MFN2 in leukocyte adhesion and may provide new insights into the development and treatment of MFN2 deficiency-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alan Y Hsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Yueyang Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Joel S Pachter
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alex Groisman
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | | | - Liang Hu
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Penghua Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Qing Deng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology, & Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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42
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Bi R, Chen S, Chen S, Peng Q, Jin H, Hu B. The role of leukocytes in acute ischemic stroke-related thrombosis: a notable but neglected topic. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:6251-6264. [PMID: 34398251 PMCID: PMC11072166 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the most serious diseases today, and only a minority of patients are provided with effective clinical treatment. Importantly, leukocytes have gradually been discovered to play vital roles in stroke thrombosis, including promoting the activation of thrombin and the adhesion and aggregation of platelets. However, they have not received enough attention in the field of acute ischemic stroke. It is possible that we could not only prevent stroke-related thrombosis by inhibiting leukocyte activation, but also target leukocyte components to dissolve thrombi in the cerebral artery. In this review, we expound the mechanisms by which leukocytes are activated and participate in the formation of stroke thrombus, then describe the histopathology of leukocytes in thrombi of stroke patients and the influence of leukocyte composition on vascular recanalization effects and patient prognosis. Finally, we discuss the relevant antithrombotic strategies targeting leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rentang Bi
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shengcai Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shaolin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qiwei Peng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huijuan Jin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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43
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Sun H, Hu L, Fan Z. β2 integrin activation and signal transduction in leukocyte recruitment. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C308-C316. [PMID: 34133240 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00560.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte recruitment is a critical step in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and immunological responses. Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are involved in controlling cell movements and the recruitment process, and the integrin family of CAMs plays a key role. During cell movement, integrin function is dynamically and precisely regulated. However, this balance might be broken under pathological conditions. Thus, the functional regulation and molecular mechanisms of integrins related to diseases are often a focus of research. Integrin β2 is one of the most commonly expressed integrins in leukocytes that mediate leukocyte adhesion and migration, and it plays an important role in immune responses and inflammation. In this review, we focus on specific functions of integrin β2 in leukocyte recruitment, the conformational changes and signal transduction of integrin β2 activation, the similarities between murine and human factors, and how new insights into these processes can inform future therapies for inflammation and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Liang Hu
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut
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44
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Abstract
The association between inflammation, infection, and venous thrombosis has long been recognized; yet, only in the last decades have we begun to understand the mechanisms through which the immune and coagulation systems interact and reciprocally regulate one another. These interconnected networks mount an effective response to injury and pathogen invasion, but if unregulated can result in pathological thrombosis and organ damage. Neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets interact with each other and the endothelium in host defense and also play critical roles in the formation of venous thromboembolism. This knowledge has advanced our understanding of both human physiology and pathophysiology, as well as identified mechanisms of anticoagulant resistance and novel therapeutic targets for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis. In this review, we discuss the contributions of inflammation and infection to venous thromboembolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meaghan E. Colling
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin E. Tourdot
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Yogendra Kanthi
- Laboratory of Vascular Thrombosis and Inflammation, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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45
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Neutrophils lacking ERM proteins polarize and crawl directionally but have decreased adhesion strength. Blood Adv 2021; 4:3559-3571. [PMID: 32761234 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM) proteins are adaptors that link the actin cytoskeleton to the cytoplasmic domains of membrane proteins. Leukocytes express mostly moesin with lower levels of ezrin but no radixin. When leukocytes are activated, ERMs are postulated to redistribute membrane proteins from microvilli into uropods during polarization and to transduce signals that influence adhesion and other responses. However, these functions have not been tested in leukocytes lacking all ERMs. We used knockout (KO) mice with neutrophils lacking ezrin, moesin, or both proteins (double knockout [DKO]) to probe how ERMs modulate cell shape, adhesion, and signaling in vitro and in vivo. Surprisingly, chemokine-stimulated DKO neutrophils still polarized and redistributed ERM-binding proteins such as PSGL-1 and CD44 to the uropods. Selectin binding to PSGL-1 on moesin KO or DKO neutrophils activated kinases that enable integrin-dependent slow rolling but not those that generate neutrophil extracellular traps. Flowing neutrophils of all genotypes rolled normally on selectins and, upon chemokine stimulation, arrested on integrin ligands. However, moesin KO and DKO neutrophils exhibited defective integrin outside-in signaling and reduced adhesion strength. In vivo, DKO neutrophils displayed normal directional crawling toward a chemotactic gradient, but premature detachment markedly reduced migration from venules into inflamed tissues. Our results demonstrate that stimulated neutrophils do not require ERMs to polarize or to move membrane proteins into uropods. They also reveal an unexpected contribution of moesin to integrin outside-in signaling and adhesion strengthening.
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46
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Chandrakanthan M, Nguyen TQ, Hasan Z, Muralidharan S, Vu TM, Li AWL, Le UTN, Thi Thuy Ha H, Baik SH, Tan SH, Foo JC, Wenk MR, Cazenave-Gassiot A, Torta F, Ong WY, Chan MYY, Nguyen LN. Deletion of Mfsd2b impairs thrombotic functions of platelets. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2286. [PMID: 33863882 PMCID: PMC8052357 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently discovered that Mfsd2b, which is the S1P exporter found in blood cells. Here, we report that Mfsd2b is critical for the release of all S1P species in both resting and activated platelets. We show that resting platelets store S1P in the cytoplasm. After activation, this S1P pool is delivered to the plasma membrane, where Mfsd2b is predominantly localized for export. Employing knockout mice of Mfsd2b, we reveal that platelets contribute a minor amount of plasma S1P. Nevertheless, Mfsd2b deletion in whole body or platelets impairs platelet morphology and functions. In particular, Mfsd2b knockout mice show significantly reduced thrombus formation. We show that loss of Mfsd2b affects intrinsic platelet functions as part of remarkable sphingolipid accumulation. These findings indicate that accumulation of sphingolipids including S1P by deletion of Mfsd2b strongly impairs platelet functions, which suggests that the transporter may be a target for the prevention of thrombotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuvanthi Chandrakanthan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Toan Quoc Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zafrul Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sneha Muralidharan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo-Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thiet Minh Vu
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Aaron Wei Liang Li
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo-Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Uyen Thanh Nha Le
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hoa Thi Thuy Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sang-Ha Baik
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sock Hwee Tan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo-Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juat Chin Foo
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo-Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Yan Yee Chan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo-Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Long N Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Cardiovascular Disease Research (CVD) Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Immunology Program Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Ling S, Xu JW. NETosis as a Pathogenic Factor for Heart Failure. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6687096. [PMID: 33680285 PMCID: PMC7929675 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6687096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure threatens the lives of patients and reduces their quality of life. Heart failure, especially heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, is closely related to systemic and local cardiac persistent chronic low-grade aseptic inflammation, microvascular damage characterized by endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, myocardial remodeling, and fibrosis. However, the initiation and development of persistent chronic low-grade aseptic inflammation is unexplored. Oxidative stress-mediated neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are the main immune defense mechanism against external bacterial infections. Furthermore, NETs play important roles in noninfectious diseases. After the onset of myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, or myocarditis, neutrophils infiltrate the damaged tissue and aggravate inflammation. In tissue injury, damage-related molecular patterns (DAMPs) may induce pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to cause NETs, but whether NETs are directly involved in the pathogenesis and development of heart failure and the mechanism is still unclear. In this review, we analyzed the markers of heart failure and heart failure-related diseases and comorbidities, such as mitochondrial DNA, high mobility box group box 1, fibronectin extra domain A, and galectin-3, to explore their role in inducing NETs and to investigate the mechanism of PRRs, such as Toll-like receptors, receptor for advanced glycation end products, cGAS-STING, and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2, in activating NETosis. Furthermore, we discussed oxidative stress, especially the possibility that imbalance of thiol redox and MPO-derived HOCl promotes the production of 2-chlorofatty acid and induces NETosis, and analyzed the possibility of NETs triggering coronary microvascular thrombosis. In some heart diseases, the deletion or blocking of neutrophil-specific myeloperoxidase and peptidylarginine deiminase 4 has shown effectiveness. According to the results of current pharmacological studies, MPO and PAD4 inhibitors are effective at least for myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and certain autoimmune diseases, whose deterioration can lead to heart failure. This is essential for understanding NETosis as a therapeutic factor of heart failure and the related new pathophysiology and therapeutics of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Ling
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jin-Wen Xu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Salles‐Crawley II. Targeting platelets to improve post‐thrombotic syndrome? J Thromb Haemost 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jth.15173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle I. Salles‐Crawley
- Centre for Haematology Department of Immunology and Inflammation Hammersmith Hospital Campus Imperial College London London UK
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49
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Garciafigueroa Y, Phillips BE, Engman C, Trucco M, Giannoukakis N. Neutrophil-Associated Inflammatory Changes in the Pre-Diabetic Pancreas of Early-Age NOD Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:565981. [PMID: 33776903 PMCID: PMC7988208 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.565981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence indicates that neutrophils are the first major leukocyte population accumulating inside the pancreas even before the onset of a lymphocytic-driven impairment of functional beta cells in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). In humans, pancreata from T1D deceased donors exhibit significant neutrophil accumulation. We present a time course of previously unknown inflammatory changes that accompany neutrophil and neutrophil elastase accumulation in the pancreas of the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse strain as early as 2 weeks of age. We confirm earlier findings in NOD mice that neutrophils accumulate as early as 2 weeks of age. We also observe a concurrent increase in the expression of neutrophil elastase in this time period. We also detect components of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) mainly in the exocrine tissue of the pancreas during this time as well as markers of vascular pathology as early as 2 weeks of age. Age- and sex-matched C57BL/6 mice do not exhibit these features inside the pancreas. When we treated NOD mice with inhibitors of myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase, two key effectors of activated neutrophil activity, alone or in combination, we were unable to prevent the progression to hyperglycemia in any manner different from untreated control mice. Our data confirm and add to the body of evidence demonstrating neutrophil accumulation inside the pancreas of mice genetically susceptible to T1D and also offer novel insights into additional pathologic mechanisms involving the pancreatic vasculature that have, until now, not been discovered inside the pancreata of these mice. However, inhibition of key neutrophil enzymes expressed in activated neutrophils could not prevent diabetes. These findings add to the body of data supporting a role for neutrophils in the establishment of early pathology inside the pancreas, independently of, and earlier from the time at onset of lymphocytic infiltration. However, they also suggest that inhibition of neutrophils alone, acting via myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase only, in the absence of other other effector cells, is insufficient to alter the natural course of autoimmune diabetes, at least in the NOD model of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesica Garciafigueroa
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brett E. Phillips
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Carl Engman
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Massimo Trucco
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nick Giannoukakis
- Institute of Cellular Therapeutics, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Nick Giannoukakis,
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Abstract
Thrombosis is the most feared complication of cardiovascular diseases and a main cause of death worldwide, making it a major health-care challenge. Platelets and the coagulation cascade are effectively targeted by antithrombotic approaches, which carry an inherent risk of bleeding. Moreover, antithrombotics cannot completely prevent thrombotic events, implicating a therapeutic gap due to a third, not yet adequately addressed mechanism, namely inflammation. In this Review, we discuss how the synergy between inflammation and thrombosis drives thrombotic diseases. We focus on the huge potential of anti-inflammatory strategies to target cardiovascular pathologies. Findings in the past decade have uncovered a sophisticated connection between innate immunity, platelet activation and coagulation, termed immunothrombosis. Immunothrombosis is an important host defence mechanism to limit systemic spreading of pathogens through the bloodstream. However, the aberrant activation of immunothrombosis in cardiovascular diseases causes myocardial infarction, stroke and venous thromboembolism. The clinical relevance of aberrant immunothrombosis, referred to as thromboinflammation, is supported by the increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with inflammatory diseases but also during infections, including in COVID-19. Clinical trials in the past 4 years have confirmed the anti-ischaemic effects of anti-inflammatory strategies, backing the concept of a prothrombotic function of inflammation. Targeting inflammation to prevent thrombosis leaves haemostasis mainly unaffected, circumventing the risk of bleeding associated with current approaches. Considering the growing number of anti-inflammatory therapies, it is crucial to appreciate their potential in covering therapeutic gaps in cardiovascular diseases.
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