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Iskander D, Karadimitris A, Roberts I. Harnessing Single-Cell Technologies in the Search for New Therapies for Diamond-Blackfan Anemia Syndrome. Exp Hematol 2024; 135:104235. [PMID: 38740323 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of multiomic single-cell technologies over the last decade has led to improved insights into both normal hematopoiesis and its perturbation in a variety of hematological disorders. Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) syndrome is one such disorder where single-cell assays have helped to delineate the cellular and molecular defects underlying the disease. DBA is caused by heterozygous loss-of-function germline variants in genes encoding ribosomal proteins (RPs). Despite the widespread role of ribosomes in hematopoiesis, the most frequent and severe cytopenia in DBA is anemia. In this review we discussed how single-cell studies, including clonogenic cell culture assays, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), have led to insights into the pathogenesis of DBA. The main therapies are regular blood transfusions, glucocorticoids, or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) but all are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We will therefore outline how single-cell studies can inform new therapies for DBA. Furthermore, we discussed how DBA serves as a useful model for understanding normal erythropoiesis in terms of its cellular hierarchy, molecular regulation during homeostasis, and response to "stress."
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Affiliation(s)
- Deena Iskander
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Department of Paediatric Haematology, St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Anastasios Karadimitris
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Roberts
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital and MHU, WIMM, Oxford University and John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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2
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Carrelha J, Mazzi S, Winroth A, Hagemann-Jensen M, Ziegenhain C, Högstrand K, Seki M, Brennan MS, Lehander M, Wu B, Meng Y, Markljung E, Norfo R, Ishida H, Belander Strålin K, Grasso F, Simoglou Karali C, Aliouat A, Hillen A, Chari E, Siletti K, Thongjuea S, Mead AJ, Linnarsson S, Nerlov C, Sandberg R, Yoshizato T, Woll PS, Jacobsen SEW. Alternative platelet differentiation pathways initiated by nonhierarchically related hematopoietic stem cells. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1007-1019. [PMID: 38816617 PMCID: PMC11147777 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Rare multipotent stem cells replenish millions of blood cells per second through a time-consuming process, passing through multiple stages of increasingly lineage-restricted progenitors. Although insults to the blood-forming system highlight the need for more rapid blood replenishment from stem cells, established models of hematopoiesis implicate only one mandatory differentiation pathway for each blood cell lineage. Here, we establish a nonhierarchical relationship between distinct stem cells that replenish all blood cell lineages and stem cells that replenish almost exclusively platelets, a lineage essential for hemostasis and with important roles in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. These distinct stem cells use cellularly, molecularly and functionally separate pathways for the replenishment of molecularly distinct megakaryocyte-restricted progenitors: a slower steady-state multipotent pathway and a fast-track emergency-activated platelet-restricted pathway. These findings provide a framework for enhancing platelet replenishment in settings in which slow recovery of platelets remains a major clinical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Carrelha
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Stefania Mazzi
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Axel Winroth
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Christoph Ziegenhain
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Medical Systems Bioengineering, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kari Högstrand
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masafumi Seki
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margs S Brennan
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Madeleine Lehander
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bishan Wu
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yiran Meng
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ellen Markljung
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ruggiero Norfo
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Interdepartmental Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CIDSTEM), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Hisashi Ishida
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Belander Strålin
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Grasso
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Simoglou Karali
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Affaf Aliouat
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Amy Hillen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edwin Chari
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kimberly Siletti
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Supat Thongjuea
- Centre for Computational Biology, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam J Mead
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Sten Linnarsson
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claus Nerlov
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rickard Sandberg
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tetsuichi Yoshizato
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter S Woll
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sten Eirik W Jacobsen
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Yang J, Pan C, Pan Y, Hu A, Zhao P, Chen M, Song H, Li Y, Hao X. A Carbon 21 Steroidal Glycoside with Pregnane Skeleton from Cynanchum atratum Bunge Promotes Megakaryocytic and Erythroid Differentiation in Erythroleukemia HEL Cells through Regulating Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Beta and JAK2/STAT3 Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:628. [PMID: 38794198 PMCID: PMC11125340 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Erythroleukemia is a rare form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Its molecular pathogenesis remains vague, and this disease has no specific therapeutic treatments. Previously, our group isolated a series of Carbon 21 (C-21) steroidal glycosides with pregnane skeleton from the root of Cynanchum atratum Bunge. Among them, we found that a compound, named BW18, can induce S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. However, its anti-tumor activity against erythroleukemia remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-erythroleukemia activity of BW18 and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Our results demonstrated that BW18 exhibited a good anti-erythroleukemia activity in the human erythroleukemia cell line HEL and an in vivo xenograft mouse model. In addition, BW18 induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and promoted megakaryocytic and erythroid differentiation in HEL cells. Furthermore, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and rescue assay demonstrated that overexpression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) reversed BW18-induced megakaryocytic differentiation in HEL cells, but not erythroid differentiation. In addition, the network pharmacology analysis, the molecular docking and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) revealed that BW18 could inactivate Janus tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, which might mediate BW18-induced erythroid differentiation. Taken together, our findings elucidated a novel role of PDGFRB in regulating erythroleukemia differentiation and highlighted BW18 as an attractive lead compound for erythroleukemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Chaolan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Yang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Anlin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Meijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Hui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China; (J.Y.); (C.P.); (Y.P.); (A.H.); (P.Z.); (M.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 561113, China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China
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Lan W, Li J, Ye Z, Liu Y, Luo S, Lu X, Cao Z, Chen Y, Chen H, Li Z. A subset of megakaryocytes regulates development of hematopoietic stem cell precursors. EMBO J 2024; 43:1722-1739. [PMID: 38580775 PMCID: PMC11065989 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00079-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the regulatory mechanisms facilitating hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) specification during embryogenesis is important for the generation of HSCs in vitro. Megakaryocyte emerged from the yolk sac and produce platelets, which are involved in multiple biological processes, such as preventing hemorrhage. However, whether megakaryocytes regulate HSC development in the embryonic aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region is unclear. Here, we use platelet factor 4 (PF4)-Cre;Rosa-tdTomato+ cells to report presence of megakaryocytes in the HSC developmental niche. Further, we use the PF4-Cre;Rosa-DTA (DTA) depletion model to reveal that megakaryocytes control HSC specification in the mouse embryos. Megakaryocyte deficiency blocks the generation and maturation of pre-HSCs and alters HSC activity at the AGM. Furthermore, megakaryocytes promote endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition in a OP9-DL1 coculture system. Single-cell RNA-sequencing identifies megakaryocytes positive for the cell surface marker CD226 as the subpopulation with highest potential in promoting the hemogenic fate of endothelial cells by secreting TNFSF14. In line, TNFSF14 treatment rescues hematopoietic cell function in megakaryocyte-depleted cocultures. Taken together, megakaryocytes promote production and maturation of pre-HSCs, acting as a critical microenvironmental control factor during embryonic hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlang Lan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zehua Ye
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yumin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sifan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongtian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Huang M, Wang L, Zhang Q, Zhou L, Liao R, Wu A, Wang X, Luo J, Huang F, Zou W, Wu J. Interleukins in Platelet Biology: Unraveling the Complex Regulatory Network. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:109. [PMID: 38256942 PMCID: PMC10820339 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukins, a diverse family of cytokines produced by various cells, play crucial roles in immune responses, immunoregulation, and a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. In the context of megakaryopoiesis, thrombopoiesis, and platelet function, interleukins have emerged as key regulators, exerting significant influence on the development, maturation, and activity of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets. While the therapeutic potential of interleukins in platelet-related diseases has been recognized for decades, their clinical application has been hindered by limitations in basic research and challenges in drug development. Recent advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of interleukins and their interactions with MKs and platelets, coupled with breakthroughs in cytokine engineering, have revitalized the field of interleukin-based therapeutics. These breakthroughs have paved the way for the development of more effective and specific interleukin-based therapies for the treatment of platelet disorders. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of interleukins on megakaryopoiesis, thrombopoiesis, and platelet function. It highlights the potential clinical applications of interleukins in regulating megakaryopoiesis and platelet function and discusses the latest bioengineering technologies that could improve the pharmacokinetic properties of interleukins. By synthesizing the current knowledge in this field, this review aims to provide valuable insights for future research into the clinical application of interleukins in platelet-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (M.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Qianhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (M.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Ling Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Rui Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Anguo Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Xinle Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (X.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (X.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Feihong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (L.W.); (L.Z.); (R.L.); (A.W.); (F.H.)
| | - Wenjun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (M.H.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jianming Wu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; (X.W.); (J.L.)
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education of China, Luzhou 646000, China
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6
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Koyanagi KO. Inferring chromatin accessibility during murine hematopoiesis through phylogenetic analysis. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:222. [PMID: 37726849 PMCID: PMC10507877 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diversification of cell types and changes in epigenetic states during cell differentiation processes are important for understanding development. Recently, phylogenetic analysis using DNA methylation and histone modification information has been shown useful for inferring these processes. The purpose of this study was to examine whether chromatin accessibility data can help infer these processes in murine hematopoiesis. RESULTS Chromatin accessibility data could partially infer the hematopoietic differentiation hierarchy. Furthermore, based on the ancestral state estimation of internal nodes, the open/closed chromatin states of differentiating progenitor cells could be predicted with a specificity of 0.86-0.99 and sensitivity of 0.29-0.72. These results suggest that the phylogenetic analysis of chromatin accessibility could offer important information on cell differentiation, particularly for organisms from which progenitor cells are difficult to obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako O Koyanagi
- Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
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7
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Bigot T, Gabinaud E, Hannouche L, Sbarra V, Andersen E, Bastelica D, Falaise C, Bernot D, Ibrahim-Kosta M, Morange PE, Loosveld M, Saultier P, Payet-Bornet D, Alessi MC, Potier D, Poggi M. Single-cell analysis of megakaryopoiesis in peripheral CD34 + cells: insights into ETV6-related thrombocytopenia. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:2528-2544. [PMID: 37085035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline mutations in the ETV6 transcription factor gene are responsible for familial thrombocytopenia and leukemia predisposition syndrome. Although previous studies have shown that ETV6 plays an important role in megakaryocyte (MK) maturation and platelet formation, the mechanisms by which ETV6 dysfunction promotes thrombocytopenia remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To decipher the transcriptional mechanisms and gene regulatory network linking ETV6 germline mutations and thrombocytopenia. METHODS Presuming that ETV6 mutations result in selective effects at a particular cell stage, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing to understand gene expression changes during megakaryopoiesis in peripheral CD34+ cells from healthy controls and patients with ETV6-related thrombocytopenia. RESULTS Analysis of gene expression and regulon activity revealed distinct clusters partitioned into 7 major cell stages: hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, common-myeloid progenitors (CMPs), MK-primed CMPs, granulocyte-monocyte progenitors, MK-erythroid progenitors (MEPs), progenitor MKs/mature MKs, and platelet-like particles. We observed a differentiation trajectory in which MEPs developed directly from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and bypassed the CMP stage. ETV6 deficiency led to the development of aberrant cells as early as the MEP stage, which intensified at the progenitor MK/mature MK stage, with a highly deregulated core "ribosome biogenesis" pathway. Indeed, increased translation levels have been documented in patient CD34+-derived MKs with overexpression of ribosomal protein S6 and phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 in both CD34+-derived MKs and platelets. Treatment of patient MKs with the ribosomal biogenesis inhibitor CX-5461 resulted in an increase in platelet-like particles. CONCLUSION These findings provide novel insight into both megakaryopoiesis and the link among ETV6, translation, and platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Bigot
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Elisa Gabinaud
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Elisa Andersen
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Denis Bernot
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Marie Loosveld
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | - Paul Saultier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marie-Christine Alessi
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France; AP-HM, CHU Timone, CRPP, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marjorie Poggi
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France.
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8
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Li Y, He M, Zhang W, Liu W, Xu H, Yang M, Zhang H, Liang H, Li W, Wu Z, Fu W, Xu S, Liu X, Fan S, Zhou L, Wang C, Zhang L, Li Y, Gu J, Yin J, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Mao X, Cheng T, Shi J, Du Y, Gao Y. Expansion of human megakaryocyte-biased hematopoietic stem cells by biomimetic Microniche. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2207. [PMID: 37072407 PMCID: PMC10113370 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37954-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Limited numbers of available hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) limit the widespread use of HSC-based therapies. Expansion systems for functional heterogenous HSCs remain to be optimized. Here, we present a convenient strategy for human HSC expansion based on a biomimetic Microniche. After demonstrating the expansion of HSC from different sources, we find that our Microniche-based system expands the therapeutically attractive megakaryocyte-biased HSC. We demonstrate scalable HSC expansion by applying this strategy in a stirred bioreactor. Moreover, we identify that the functional human megakaryocyte-biased HSCs are enriched in the CD34+CD38-CD45RA-CD90+CD49f lowCD62L-CD133+ subpopulation. Specifically, the expansion of megakaryocyte-biased HSCs is supported by a biomimetic niche-like microenvironment, which generates a suitable cytokine milieu and supplies the appropriate physical scaffolding. Thus, beyond clarifying the existence and immuno-phenotype of human megakaryocyte-biased HSC, our study demonstrates a flexible human HSC expansion strategy that could help realize the strong clinical promise of HSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Mei He
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Wenshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-PKU Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
- Beijing CytoNiche Biotechnology Co. Ltd., 100195, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Hexiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Haiwei Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-PKU Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-PKU Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaozhao Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-PKU Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Weichao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Shiqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Sibin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Liwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yafang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jiali Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Jingjing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Yonghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China
| | - Xuemei Mao
- Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
| | - Jun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
| | - Yanan Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-PKU Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
- Beijing CytoNiche Biotechnology Co. Ltd., 100195, Beijing, China.
| | - Yingdai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, PUMC Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
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9
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Peng Y, Liang L, Zhang H, Liu H, Zhang G, Sun S, Guo X, Wang Y, Hu B, Liu R, Li Y, Nie L, Zhang J, Ye M, Ginzburg YZ, Lin Z, Yin B, Chen H, Liu J. Single-cell profiling of ineffective erythropoiesis in a mouse model of β-thalassaemia intermedia. Br J Haematol 2023; 201:982-994. [PMID: 36872867 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Beta-thalassaemia is an inherited haemoglobin disorder characterised by ineffective erythropoiesis (IE). The detailed pathogenesis of IE remains unclear. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to examine IE in Th3/+ β-thalassaemic mice. The results showed that the erythroid group was remarkably expanded, and genes involved in biological processes such as iron metabolism, haeme synthesis, protein folding, and response to heat were significantly upregulated from erythroid progenitors to reticulocytes in β-thalassaemic mice. In particular, we identified a unique cell population close to reticulocytes, named ThReticulocytes, characterised by a high level of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression and dysregulation of iron metabolism and haeme synthesis signalling. Treatment of β-thalassaemic mice with the haeme oxygenase inhibitor tin-mesoporphyrin effectively improved the iron disorder and IE, and the ThReticulocyte population and Hsp70 expression were significantly suppressed. This study revealed in detail the progression of IE at the single-cell level and possibly provided clues to find therapeutic targets in thalassaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanliang Peng
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Long Liang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haihang Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guanxiong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuming Sun
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianfeng Guo
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanpeng Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling Nie
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China
| | - Yelena Z Ginzburg
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Zhong Lin
- Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Biao Yin
- Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Huiyong Chen
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Molecular Biology Research Center, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Hematology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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The Application of Ethnomedicine in Modulating Megakaryocyte Differentiation and Platelet Counts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043168. [PMID: 36834579 PMCID: PMC9961075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs), a kind of functional hematopoietic stem cell, form platelets to maintain platelet balance through cell differentiation and maturation. In recent years, the incidence of blood diseases such as thrombocytopenia has increased, but these diseases cannot be fundamentally solved. The platelets produced by MKs can treat thrombocytopenia-associated diseases in the body, and myeloid differentiation induced by MKs has the potential to improve myelosuppression and erythroleukemia. Currently, ethnomedicine is extensively used in the clinical treatment of blood diseases, and the recent literature has reported that many phytomedicines can improve the disease status through MK differentiation. This paper reviewed the effects of botanical drugs on megakaryocytic differentiation covering the period 1994-2022, and information was obtained from PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar. In conclusions, we summarized the role and molecular mechanism of many typical botanical drugs in promoting megakaryocyte differentiation in vivo, providing evidence as much as possible for botanical drugs treating thrombocytopenia and other related diseases in the future.
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11
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Yang S, Wang L, Wu Y, Wu A, Huang F, Tang X, Kantawong F, Anuchapreeda S, Qin D, Mei Q, Chen J, Huang X, Zhang C, Wu J. Apoptosis in megakaryocytes: Safeguard and threat for thrombopoiesis. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1025945. [PMID: 36685543 PMCID: PMC9845629 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1025945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets, generated from precursor megakaryocytes (MKs), are central mediators of hemostasis and thrombosis. The process of thrombopoiesis is extremely complex, regulated by multiple factors, and related to many cellular events including apoptosis. However, the role of apoptosis in thrombopoiesis has been controversial for many years. Some researchers believe that apoptosis is an ally of thrombopoiesis and platelets production is apoptosis-dependent, while others have suggested that apoptosis is dispensable for thrombopoiesis, and is even inhibited during this process. In this review, we will focus on this conflict, discuss the relationship between megakaryocytopoiesis, thrombopoiesis and apoptosis. In addition, we also consider why such a vast number of studies draw opposite conclusions of the role of apoptosis in thrombopoiesis, and try to figure out the truth behind the mystery. This review provides more comprehensive insights into the relationship between megakaryocytopoiesis, thrombopoiesis, and apoptosis and finds some clues for the possible pathological mechanisms of platelet disorders caused by abnormal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Long Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuesong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Luzhou, China
| | - Feihong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Fahsai Kantawong
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Songyot Anuchapreeda
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Dalian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinwu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, the Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Luzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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12
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Zhao X, Chong Z, Chen Y, Zheng XL, Wang QF, Li Y. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 in the generation of immune megakaryocytes: A perspective review. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102517. [PMID: 36152748 PMCID: PMC9579037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (Mks) in bone marrow are heterogeneous in terms of polyploidy. They not only produce platelets but also support the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells and regulate immune responses. Yet, how the diverse functions are generated from the heterogeneous Mks is not clear at the molecular level. Advances in single-cell RNA seq analysis from several studies have revealed that bone marrow Mks are heterogeneous and can be clustered into 3 to 4 subpopulations: a subgroup that is adjacent to the hematopoietic stem cells, a subgroup expressing genes for platelet biogenesis, and a subgroup expressing immune-responsive genes, the so-called immune Mks that exist in both humans and mice. Immune Mks are predominantly in the low-polyploid (≤8 N nuclei) fraction and also exist in the lung. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) expression is positively correlated with the expression of genes involved in immune response pathways and is highly expressed in immune Mks. In addition, we reported that PRMT1 promotes the generation of low-polyploid Mks. From this perspective, we highlighted the data suggesting that PRMT1 is essential for the generation of immune Mks via its substrates RUNX1, RBM15, and DUSP4 that we reported previously. Thus, we suggest that protein arginine methylation may play a critical role in the generation of proinflammatory platelet progeny from immune Mks, which may affect many immune, thrombotic, and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
| | - Zechen Chong
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - X Long Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Qian-Fei Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China
| | - Yueying Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China.
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13
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Bonadonna M, Altamura S, Tybl E, Palais G, Qatato M, Polycarpou-Schwarz M, Schneider M, Kalk C, Rüdiger W, Ertl A, Anstee N, Bogeska R, Helm D, Milsom MD, Galy B. Iron regulatory protein (IRP)-mediated iron homeostasis is critical for neutrophil development and differentiation in the bone marrow. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq4469. [PMID: 36197975 PMCID: PMC9534496 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq4469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Iron is mostly devoted to the hemoglobinization of erythrocytes for oxygen transport. However, emerging evidence points to a broader role for the metal in hematopoiesis, including the formation of the immune system. Iron availability in mammalian cells is controlled by iron-regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) and IRP2. We report that global disruption of both IRP1 and IRP2 in adult mice impairs neutrophil development and differentiation in the bone marrow, yielding immature neutrophils with abnormally high glycolytic and autophagic activity, resulting in neutropenia. IRPs promote neutrophil differentiation in a cell intrinsic manner by securing cellular iron supply together with transcriptional control of neutropoiesis to facilitate differentiation to fully mature neutrophils. Unlike neutrophils, monocyte count was not affected by IRP and iron deficiency, suggesting a lineage-specific effect of iron on myeloid output. This study unveils the previously unrecognized importance of IRPs and iron metabolism in the formation of a major branch of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bonadonna
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Biosciences Faculty, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sandro Altamura
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 350, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Tybl
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- IB-Cancer Research Foundation, Science Park 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Gael Palais
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Qatato
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Polycarpou-Schwarz
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Schneider
- German Cancer Research Center, Mass Spectrometry based Protein Analysis Unit, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Kalk
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wibke Rüdiger
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alina Ertl
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Natasha Anstee
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Experimental Hematology”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ruzhica Bogeska
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Experimental Hematology”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominic Helm
- German Cancer Research Center, Mass Spectrometry based Protein Analysis Unit, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael D. Milsom
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Experimental Hematology”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bruno Galy
- German Cancer Research Center, “Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Testa U, Castelli G, Pelosi E. Clonal Hematopoiesis: Role in Hematologic and Non-Hematologic Malignancies. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2022; 14:e2022069. [PMID: 36119457 PMCID: PMC9448266 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2022.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) ensure the coordinated and balanced production of all hematopoietic cell types throughout life. Aging is associated with a gradual decline of the self-renewal and regenerative potential of HSCs and with the development of clonal hematopoiesis. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) defines the clonal expansion of genetically variant hematopoietic cells bearing one or more gene mutations and/or structural variants (such as copy number alterations). CHIP increases exponentially with age and is associated with cancers, including hematologic neoplasia, cardiovascular and other diseases. The presence of CHIP consistently increases the risk of hematologic malignancy, particularly in individuals who have CHIP in association with peripheral blood cytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Testa
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Germana Castelli
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Elvira Pelosi
- Department of Oncology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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15
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De Wispelaere K, Freson K. The Analysis of the Human Megakaryocyte and Platelet Coding Transcriptome in Healthy and Diseased Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147647. [PMID: 35886993 PMCID: PMC9317744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are generated and released into the bloodstream from their precursor cells, megakaryocytes that reside in the bone marrow. Though platelets have no nucleus or DNA, they contain a full transcriptome that, during platelet formation, is transported from the megakaryocyte to the platelet. It has been described that transcripts in platelets can be translated into proteins that influence platelet response. The platelet transcriptome is highly dynamic and has been extensively studied using microarrays and, more recently, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in relation to diverse conditions (inflammation, obesity, cancer, pathogens and others). In this review, we focus on bulk and single-cell RNA-seq studies that have aimed to characterize the coding transcriptome of healthy megakaryocytes and platelets in humans. It has been noted that bulk RNA-seq has limitations when studying in vitro-generated megakaryocyte cultures that are highly heterogeneous, while single-cell RNA-seq has not yet been applied to platelets due to their very limited RNA content. Next, we illustrate how these methods can be applied in the field of inherited platelet disorders for gene discovery and for unraveling novel disease mechanisms using RNA from platelets and megakaryocytes and rare disease bioinformatics. Next, future perspectives are discussed on how this field of coding transcriptomics can be integrated with other next-generation technologies to decipher unexplained inherited platelet disorders in a multiomics approach.
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16
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Davenport P, Liu ZJ, Sola-Visner M. Fetal vs adult megakaryopoiesis. Blood 2022; 139:3233-3244. [PMID: 35108353 PMCID: PMC9164738 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal and neonatal megakaryocyte progenitors are hyperproliferative compared with adult progenitors and generate a large number of small, low-ploidy megakaryocytes. Historically, these developmental differences have been interpreted as "immaturity." However, more recent studies have demonstrated that the small, low-ploidy fetal and neonatal megakaryocytes have all the characteristics of adult polyploid megakaryocytes, including the presence of granules, a well-developed demarcation membrane system, and proplatelet formation. Thus, rather than immaturity, the features of fetal and neonatal megakaryopoiesis reflect a developmentally unique uncoupling of proliferation, polyploidization, and cytoplasmic maturation, which allows fetuses and neonates to populate their rapidly expanding bone marrow and blood volume. At the molecular level, the features of fetal and neonatal megakaryopoiesis are the result of a complex interplay of developmentally regulated pathways and environmental signals from the different hematopoietic niches. Over the past few years, studies have challenged traditional paradigms about the origin of the megakaryocyte lineage in both fetal and adult life, and the application of single-cell RNA sequencing has led to a better characterization of embryonic, fetal, and adult megakaryocytes. In particular, a growing body of data suggests that at all stages of development, the various functions of megakaryocytes are not fulfilled by the megakaryocyte population as a whole, but rather by distinct megakaryocyte subpopulations with dedicated roles. Finally, recent studies have provided novel insights into the mechanisms underlying developmental disorders of megakaryopoiesis, which either uniquely affect fetuses and neonates or have different clinical presentations in neonatal compared with adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Davenport
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Zhi-Jian Liu
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Martha Sola-Visner
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; and
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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17
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Brown G. The Social Norm of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Dysregulation in Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095063. [PMID: 35563454 PMCID: PMC9105962 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The hematopoietic cell system is a complex ecosystem that meets the steady-state and emergency needs of the production of the mature blood cell types. Steady-state hematopoiesis replaces worn out cells, and the hematopoietic system is highly adaptive to needs during, for example, an infection or bleeding. Hematopoiesis is highly integrated and the cell hierarchy behaves in a highly social manner. The social tailoring of hematopoietic stem cells to needs includes the generation of cells that are biased towards a cell lineage; these cells remain versatile and can still adopt a different pathway having made a lineage “choice”, and some cytokines instruct the lineage fate of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Leukemia stem cells, which may well often arise from the transformation of a hematopoietic stem cell, sustain the hierarchy of cells for leukemia. Unlike hematopoietic stem cells, the offspring of leukemia stem cells belongs to just one cell lineage. The human leukemias are classified by virtue of their differentiating or partially differentiating cells belonging to just one cell lineage. Some oncogenes set the fate of leukemia stem cells to a single lineage. Therefore, lineage restriction may be largely an attribute whereby leukemia stem cells escape from the normal cellular society. Additional antisocial behaviors are that leukemia cells destroy and alter bone marrow stromal niches, and they can create their own niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Brown
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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18
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Oncogenes and the Origins of Leukemias. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042293. [PMID: 35216407 PMCID: PMC8875247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-maintaining hematopoietic stem cells are a cell population that is primarily ‘at risk’ to malignant transformation, and the cell-of-origin for some leukemias. Tissue-specific stem cells replenish the different types of functional cells within a particular tissue to meet the demands of an organism. For hematopoietic stem cells, this flexibility is important to satisfy the changing requirements for a certain type of immune cell, when needed. From studies of the natural history of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, an initial oncogenic and prenatal insult gives rise to a preleukemic clone. At least a second genomic insult is needed that gives rise to a leukemia stem cell: this cell generates a hierarchy of leukemia cells. For some leukemias, there is evidence to support the concept that one of the genomic insults leads to dysregulation of the tissue homeostatic role of hematopoietic stem cells so that the hierarchy of differentiating leukemia cells belongs to just one cell lineage. Restricting the expression of particular oncogenes in transgenic mice to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells led to different human-like lineage-restricted leukemias. Lineage restriction is seen for human leukemias by virtue of their sub-grouping with regard to a phenotypic relationship to just one cell lineage.
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19
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Krishnan A, Thomas S. Toward platelet transcriptomics in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:316-322. [PMID: 34811507 PMCID: PMC8810955 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01627-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread adoption of next-generation techniques such as RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) has enabled research examining the transcriptome of anucleate blood platelets in health and disease, thus revealing a rich platelet transcriptomic signature that is reprogrammed in response to disease. Platelet signatures not only capture information from parent megakaryocytes and progenitor hematopoietic stem cells but also the bone marrow microenvironment, and underlying disease states. In cancer, the substantive body of research in patients with solid tumours has identified distinct signatures in 'tumour-educated platelets', reflecting influences of the tumour, stroma and vasculature on splicing, sequestration of tumour-derived RNAs, and potentially cytokine and microvesicle influences on megakaryocytes. More recently, platelet RNA expression has emerged as a highly sensitive approach to profiling chronic progressive haematologic malignancies, where the combination of large data cohorts and machine-learning algorithms enables precise feature selection and potential prognostication. Despite these advances, however, our ability to translate platelet transcriptomics toward clinical diagnostic and prognostic efforts remains limited. In this Perspective, we present a few actionable steps for our basic, translational and clinical research communities in advancing the utility of the platelet transcriptome as a highly sensitive biomarker in cancer and collectively enable efforts toward clinical translation and patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandi Krishnan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Sally Thomas
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Haematology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
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20
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Differentiation therapy for myeloid malignancies: beyond cytotoxicity. Blood Cancer J 2021; 11:193. [PMID: 34864823 PMCID: PMC8643352 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-021-00584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Blocked cellular differentiation is a central pathologic feature of the myeloid malignancies, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Treatment regimens promoting differentiation have resulted in incredible cure rates in certain AML subtypes, such as acute promyelocytic leukemia. Over the past several years, we have seen many new therapies for MDS/AML enter clinical practice, including epigenetic therapies (e.g., 5-azacitidine), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors, fms-like kinase 3 (FLT3) inhibitors, and lenalidomide for deletion 5q (del5q) MDS. Despite not being developed with the intent of manipulating differentiation, induction of differentiation is a major mechanism by which several of these novel agents function. In this review, we examine the new therapeutic landscape for these diseases, focusing on the role of hematopoietic differentiation and the impact of inflammation and aging. We review how current therapies in MDS/AML promote differentiation as a part of their therapeutic effect, and the cellular mechanisms by which this occurs. We then outline potential novel avenues to achieve differentiation in the myeloid malignancies for therapeutic purposes. This emerging body of knowledge about the importance of relieving differentiation blockade with anti-neoplastic therapies is important to understand how current novel agents function and may open avenues to developing new treatments that explicitly target cellular differentiation. Moving beyond cytotoxic agents has the potential to open new and unexpected avenues in the treatment of myeloid malignancies, hopefully providing more efficacy with reduced toxicity.
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21
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Jaffredo T, Balduini A, Bigas A, Bernardi R, Bonnet D, Canque B, Charbord P, Cumano A, Delwel R, Durand C, Fibbe W, Forrester L, de Franceschi L, Ghevaert C, Gjertsen B, Gottgens B, Graf T, Heidenreich O, Hermine O, Higgs D, Kleanthous M, Klump H, Kouskoff V, Krause D, Lacaud G, Celso CL, Martens JH, Méndez-Ferrer S, Menendez P, Oostendorp R, Philipsen S, Porse B, Raaijmakers M, Robin C, Stunnenberg H, Theilgaard-Mönch K, Touw I, Vainchenker W, Corrons JLV, Yvernogeau L, Schuringa JJ. The EHA Research Roadmap: Normal Hematopoiesis. Hemasphere 2021; 5:e669. [PMID: 34853826 PMCID: PMC8615310 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Jaffredo
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement/UMR7622, Paris, France
| | | | - Anna Bigas
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red-Oncología (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Bernardi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Canque
- INSERM U976, Universite de Paris, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes/PSL Research University, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, France
| | - Pierre Charbord
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement/UMR7622, Paris, France
| | - Anna Cumano
- Unité Lymphopoïèse, Département d’Immunologie, INSERM U1223, Institut Pasteur, Cellule Pasteur, Université de Paris, France
| | - Ruud Delwel
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charles Durand
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement/UMR7622, Paris, France
| | - Willem Fibbe
- Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Lesley Forrester
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, University of Edinburgh, Scotland
| | | | | | - Bjørn Gjertsen
- Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Berthold Gottgens
- Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Graf
- Center for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute for Science and Technology and Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Prinses Máxima Centrum voor kinderoncologie, Utecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory of Physiopathology and Treatment of Blood Disorders, Hôpital Necker, Imagine institute, University of Paris, France
| | - Douglas Higgs
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hannes Klump
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | | | - Daniela Krause
- Goethe University Frankfurt and Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - George Lacaud
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joost H.A. Martens
- Department of Molecular Biology, RIMLS, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pablo Menendez
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red-Oncología (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- RICORS-RETAV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Oostendorp
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Germany
| | - Sjaak Philipsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bo Porse
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology, DanStem, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Raaijmakers
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Catherine Robin
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Regenerative medicine center, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Stunnenberg
- Prinses Máxima Centrum voor kinderoncologie, Utecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Theilgaard-Mönch
- The Finsen Laboratory, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Biotech Research and Innovation Center (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology, DanStem, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet/National University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ivo Touw
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joan-Lluis Vives Corrons
- Red Blood Cell and Hematopoietic Disorders Research Unit, Institute for Leukaemia Research Josep Carreras, Badalona, Barcelona
| | - Laurent Yvernogeau
- Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement/UMR7622, Paris, France
| | - Jan Jacob Schuringa
- Department of Experimental Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands
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22
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Probiotics and Trained Immunity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101402. [PMID: 34680035 PMCID: PMC8533468 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of innate immunity have recently been investigated in depth in several research articles, and original findings suggest that innate immunity also has a memory capacity, which has been named “trained immunity”. This notion has revolutionized our knowledge of the innate immune response. Thus, stimulation of trained immunity represents a therapeutic alternative that is worth exploring. In this context, probiotics, live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host, represent attractive candidates for the stimulation of trained immunity; however, although numerous studies have documented the beneficial proprieties of these microorganisms, their mechanisms of action are not yet fully understood. In this review, we propose to explore the putative connection between probiotics and stimulation of trained immunity.
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23
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Iskander D, Wang G, Heuston EF, Christodoulidou C, Psaila B, Ponnusamy K, Ren H, Mokhtari Z, Robinson M, Chaidos A, Trivedi P, Trasanidis N, Katsarou A, Szydlo R, Palii CG, Zaidi MH, Al-Oqaily Q, Caputo VS, Roy A, Harrington Y, Karnik L, Naresh K, Mead AJ, Thongjuea S, Brand M, de la Fuente J, Bodine DM, Roberts I, Karadimitris A. Single-cell profiling of human bone marrow progenitors reveals mechanisms of failing erythropoiesis in Diamond-Blackfan anemia. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabf0113. [PMID: 34516827 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ribosome dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of many cancers and heritable ribosomopathies. Here, we investigate how mutations in either ribosomal protein large (RPL) or ribosomal protein small (RPS) subunit genes selectively affect erythroid progenitor development and clinical phenotypes in Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), a rare ribosomopathy with limited therapeutic options. Using single-cell assays of patient-derived bone marrow, we delineated two distinct cellular trajectories segregating with ribosomal protein genotypes. Almost complete loss of erythroid specification was observed in RPS-DBA. In contrast, we observed relative preservation of qualitatively abnormal erythroid progenitors and precursors in RPL-DBA. Although both DBA genotypes exhibited a proinflammatory bone marrow milieu, RPS-DBA was characterized by erythroid differentiation arrest, whereas RPL-DBA was characterized by preserved GATA1 expression and activity. Compensatory stress erythropoiesis in RPL-DBA exhibited disordered differentiation underpinned by an altered glucocorticoid molecular signature, including reduced ZFP36L2 expression, leading to milder anemia and improved corticosteroid response. This integrative analysis approach identified distinct pathways of erythroid failure and defined genotype-phenotype correlations in DBA. These findings may help facilitate therapeutic target discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deena Iskander
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Guanlin Wang
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM) Centre for Computational Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Elisabeth F Heuston
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-442, USA
| | - Chrysi Christodoulidou
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Bethan Psaila
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Kanagaraju Ponnusamy
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Hongwei Ren
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Zeinab Mokhtari
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Medicine II, Würzburg University Hospital, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), Laboratory for Experimental Stem Cell Transplantation, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mark Robinson
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Aristeidis Chaidos
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Pritesh Trivedi
- Department of Histopathology, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Nikolaos Trasanidis
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alexia Katsarou
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Richard Szydlo
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Carmen G Palii
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Mehmood H Zaidi
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Qais Al-Oqaily
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Valentina S Caputo
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK
| | - Anindita Roy
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Yvonne Harrington
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UK
| | - Leena Karnik
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UK
| | - Kikkeri Naresh
- Department of Histopathology, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
| | - Adam J Mead
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Supat Thongjuea
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM) Centre for Computational Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Marjorie Brand
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Josu de la Fuente
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, St Mary's Hospital, Praed Street, London W2 1NY, UK
| | - David M Bodine
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-442, USA
| | - Irene Roberts
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Anastasios Karadimitris
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
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24
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Oncogenes, Proto-Oncogenes, and Lineage Restriction of Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189667. [PMID: 34575830 PMCID: PMC8470404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In principle, an oncogene is a cellular gene (proto-oncogene) that is dysfunctional, due to mutation and fusion with another gene or overexpression. Generally, oncogenes are viewed as deregulating cell proliferation or suppressing apoptosis in driving cancer. The cancer stem cell theory states that most, if not all, cancers are a hierarchy of cells that arises from a transformed tissue-specific stem cell. These normal counterparts generate various cell types of a tissue, which adds a new dimension to how oncogenes might lead to the anarchic behavior of cancer cells. It is that stem cells, such as hematopoietic stem cells, replenish mature cell types to meet the demands of an organism. Some oncogenes appear to deregulate this homeostatic process by restricting leukemia stem cells to a single cell lineage. This review examines whether cancer is a legacy of stem cells that lose their inherent versatility, the extent that proto-oncogenes play a role in cell lineage determination, and the role that epigenetic events play in regulating cell fate and tumorigenesis.
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25
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Noh JY. Megakaryopoiesis and Platelet Biology: Roles of Transcription Factors and Emerging Clinical Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179615. [PMID: 34502524 PMCID: PMC8431765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a critical role in hemostasis and thrombus formation. Platelets are small, anucleate, and short-lived blood cells that are produced by the large, polyploid, and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-derived megakaryocytes in bone marrow. Approximately 3000 platelets are released from one megakaryocyte, and thus, it is important to understand the physiologically relevant mechanism of development of mature megakaryocytes. Many genes, including several key transcription factors, have been shown to be crucial for platelet biogenesis. Mutations in these genes can perturb megakaryopoiesis or thrombopoiesis, resulting in thrombocytopenia. Metabolic changes owing to inflammation, ageing, or diseases such as cancer, in which platelets play crucial roles in disease development, can also affect platelet biogenesis. In this review, I describe the characteristics of platelets and megakaryocytes in terms of their differentiation processes. The role of several critical transcription factors have been discussed to better understand the changes in platelet biogenesis that occur during disease or ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Noh
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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26
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Su H, Jiang M, Senevirathne C, Aluri S, Zhang T, Guo H, Xavier-Ferrucio J, Jin S, Tran NT, Liu SM, Sun CW, Zhu Y, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Cable L, Shen Y, Liu J, Qu CK, Han X, Klug CA, Bhatia R, Chen Y, Nimer SD, Zheng YG, Iancu-Rubin C, Jin J, Deng H, Krause DS, Xiang J, Verma A, Luo M, Zhao X. Methylation of dual-specificity phosphatase 4 controls cell differentiation. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109421. [PMID: 34320342 PMCID: PMC9110119 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are inactivated by dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs), the activities of which are tightly regulated during cell differentiation. Using knockdown screening and single-cell transcriptional analysis, we demonstrate that DUSP4 is the phosphatase that specifically inactivates p38 kinase to promote megakaryocyte (Mk) differentiation. Mechanistically, PRMT1-mediated methylation of DUSP4 triggers its ubiquitinylation by an E3 ligase HUWE1. Interestingly, the mechanistic axis of the DUSP4 degradation and p38 activation is also associated with a transcriptional signature of immune activation in Mk cells. In the context of thrombocytopenia observed in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), we demonstrate that high levels of p38 MAPK and PRMT1 are associated with low platelet counts and adverse prognosis, while pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK or PRMT1 stimulates megakaryopoiesis. These findings provide mechanistic insights into the role of the PRMT1-DUSP4-p38 axis on Mk differentiation and present a strategy for treatment of thrombocytopenia associated with MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairui Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ming Jiang
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Chamara Senevirathne
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Srinivas Aluri
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Genomics and Epigenomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Han Guo
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA; Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Juliana Xavier-Ferrucio
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Shuiling Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ngoc-Tung Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Szu-Mam Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Chiao-Wang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yongxia Zhu
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yuling Chen
- Department of School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | | | - Yudao Shen
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Cheng-Kui Qu
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xiaosi Han
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Christopher A Klug
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ravi Bhatia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Veterans Affairs Birmingham Medical Center, Research Department, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Stephen D Nimer
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146 USA
| | - Y George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Camelia Iancu-Rubin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Haiteng Deng
- Department of School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Diane S Krause
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jenny Xiang
- Genomics and Epigenomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Minkui Luo
- Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA; Program of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
| | - Xinyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Mughal TI, Psaila B, DeAngelo DJ, Saglio G, Van Etten RA, Radich JP. Interrogating the molecular genetics of chronic myeloproliferative malignancies for personalized management in 2021. Haematologica 2021; 106:1787-1793. [PMID: 33657787 PMCID: PMC8252942 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.267252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq I Mughal
- Tufts University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; University of Buckingham Medical School, Buckingham.
| | - Bethan Psaila
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford
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COVID-19 is a systemic vascular hemopathy: insight for mechanistic and clinical aspects. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:755-788. [PMID: 34184164 PMCID: PMC8238037 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is presenting as a systemic disease associated with vascular inflammation and endothelial injury. Severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and there is still an ongoing debate on whether COVID-19 ARDS and its perfusion defect differs from ARDS induced by other causes. Beside pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as interleukin-1 β [IL-1β] or IL-6), several main pathological phenomena have been seen because of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction: hypercoagulation reflected by fibrin degradation products called D-dimers, micro- and macrothrombosis and pathological angiogenesis. Direct endothelial infection by SARS-CoV-2 is not likely to occur and ACE-2 expression by EC is a matter of debate. Indeed, endothelial damage reported in severely ill patients with COVID-19 could be more likely secondary to infection of neighboring cells and/or a consequence of inflammation. Endotheliopathy could give rise to hypercoagulation by alteration in the levels of different factors such as von Willebrand factor. Other than thrombotic events, pathological angiogenesis is among the recent findings. Overexpression of different proangiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) or placental growth factors (PlGF) have been found in plasma or lung biopsies of COVID-19 patients. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 infection induces an emergency myelopoiesis associated to deregulated immunity and mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells, leading to features of acquired hematological malignancies or cardiovascular disease, which are discussed in this review. Altogether, this review will try to elucidate the pathophysiology of thrombotic complications, pathological angiogenesis and EC dysfunction, allowing better insight in new targets and antithrombotic protocols to better address vascular system dysfunction. Since treating SARS-CoV-2 infection and its potential long-term effects involves targeting the vascular compartment and/or mobilization of immature immune cells, we propose to define COVID-19 and its complications as a systemic vascular acquired hemopathy.
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The stem cell revolution: on the role of CD164 as a human stem cell marker. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:33. [PMID: 34103536 PMCID: PMC8187384 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00143-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accurately defining hierarchical relationships between human stem cells and their progeny, and using this knowledge for new cellular therapies, will undoubtedly lead to further successful treatments for life threatening and chronic diseases, which represent substantial burdens on patient quality of life and to healthcare systems globally. Clinical translation relies in part on appropriate biomarker, in vitro manipulation and transplantation strategies. CD164 has recently been cited as an important biomarker for enriching both human haematopoietic and skeletal stem cells, yet a thorough description of extant human CD164 monoclonal antibody (Mab) characteristics, which are critical for identifying and purifying these stem cells, was not discussed in these articles. Here, we highlight earlier but crucial research describing these relevant characteristics, including the differing human CD164 Mab avidities and their binding sites on the human CD164 sialomucin, which importantly may affect subsequent stem cell function and fate.
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30
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Brown G. Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Nature and Niche Nurture. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:bioengineering8050067. [PMID: 34063400 PMCID: PMC8155961 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8050067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Like all cells, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their offspring, the hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), are highly sociable. Their capacity to interact with bone marrow niche cells and respond to environmental cytokines orchestrates the generation of the different types of blood and immune cells. The starting point for engineering hematopoiesis ex vivo is the nature of HSCs, and a longstanding premise is that they are a homogeneous population of cells. However, recent findings have shown that adult bone marrow HSCs are really a mixture of cells, with many having lineage affiliations. A second key consideration is: Do HSCs "choose" a lineage in a random and cell-intrinsic manner, or are they instructed by cytokines? Since their discovery, the hematopoietic cytokines have been viewed as survival and proliferation factors for lineage committed HPCs. Some are now known to also instruct cell lineage choice. These fundamental changes to our understanding of hematopoiesis are important for placing niche support in the right context and for fabricating an ex vivo environment to support HSC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Brown
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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31
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Sonoda Y. Human CD34-negative hematopoietic stem cells: The current understanding of their biological nature. Exp Hematol 2021; 96:13-26. [PMID: 33610645 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) heterogeneity and hierarchy are a current topic of interest, having major implications for clinical HSC transplantation and basic research on human HSCs. It was long believed that the most primitive HSCs in mammals, including mice and humans, were CD34 antigen positive (CD34+). However, 2 decades ago, it was reported that murine long-term multilineage reconstituting HSCs were lineage marker negative (Lin-, i.e., c-kit+Sca-1+CD34low/-), known as CD34low/- KSL cells. In contrast, human CD34- HSCs, a counterpart of murine CD34low/- KSL cells, were hard to identify for a long time mainly because of their rarity. We previously identified very primitive human cord blood (CB)-derived CD34- severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-repopulating cells (SRCs) using the intra-bone marrow injection method and proposed the new concept that CD34- SRCs (HSCs) reside at the apex of the human HSC hierarchy. Through a series of studies, we identified two positive/enrichment markers: CD133 and GPI-80. The combination of these two markers enabled the development of an ultrahigh-resolution purification method for CD34- as well as CD34+ HSCs and the successful purification of both HSCs at the single-cell level. Cell population purity is a crucial prerequisite for reliable biological and molecular analyses. Clonal analyses of highly purified human CD34- HSCs have revealed their potent megakaryocyte/erythrocyte differentiation potential. Based on these observations, we propose a revised road map for the commitment of human CB-derived CD34- HSCs. This review updates the current understanding of the stem cell nature of human CB-derived primitive CD34- as well as CD34+ HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Sonoda
- Department of iPS Stem Cell Regenerative Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
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32
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Vainchenker W, Arkoun B, Basso-Valentina F, Lordier L, Debili N, Raslova H. Role of Rho-GTPases in megakaryopoiesis. Small GTPases 2021; 12:399-415. [PMID: 33570449 PMCID: PMC8583283 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2021.1885134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are the bone marrow (BM) cells that generate blood platelets by a process that requires: i) polyploidization responsible for the increased MK size and ii) cytoplasmic organization leading to extension of long pseudopods, called proplatelets, through the endothelial barrier to allow platelet release into blood. Low level of localized RHOA activation prevents actomyosin accumulation at the cleavage furrow and participates in MK polyploidization. In the platelet production, RHOA and CDC42 play opposite, but complementary roles. RHOA inhibits both proplatelet formation and MK exit from BM, whereas CDC42 drives the development of the demarcation membranes and MK migration in BM. Moreover, the RhoA or Cdc42 MK specific knock-out in mice and the genetic alterations in their down-stream effectors in human induce a thrombocytopenia demonstrating their key roles in platelet production. A better knowledge of Rho-GTPase signalling is thus necessary to develop therapies for diseases associated with platelet production defects. Abbreviations: AKT: Protein Kinase BARHGEF2: Rho/Rac Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor 2ARP2/3: Actin related protein 2/3BM: Bone marrowCDC42: Cell division control protein 42 homologCFU-MK: Colony-forming-unit megakaryocyteCIP4: Cdc42-interacting protein 4mDIA: DiaphanousDIAPH1; Protein diaphanous homolog 1ECT2: Epithelial Cell Transforming Sequence 2FLNA: Filamin AGAP: GTPase-activating proteins or GTPase-accelerating proteinsGDI: GDP Dissociation InhibitorGEF: Guanine nucleotide exchange factorHDAC: Histone deacetylaseLIMK: LIM KinaseMAL: Megakaryoblastic leukaemiaMARCKS: Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrateMKL: Megakaryoblastic leukaemiaMLC: Myosin light chainMRTF: Myocardin Related Transcription FactorOTT: One-Twenty Two ProteinPACSIN2: Protein Kinase C And Casein Kinase Substrate In Neurons 2PAK: P21-Activated KinasePDK: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase kinasePI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinasePKC: Protein kinase CPTPRJ: Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type JRAC: Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1RBM15: RNA Binding Motif Protein 15RHO: Ras homologousROCK: Rho-associated protein kinaseSCAR: Suppressor of cAMP receptorSRF: Serum response factorSRC: SarcTAZ: Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ motifTUBB1: Tubulin β1VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factorWAS: Wiskott Aldrich syndromeWASP: Wiskott Aldrich syndrome proteinWAVE: WASP-family verprolin-homologous proteinWIP: WASP-interacting proteinYAP: Yes-associated protein
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Affiliation(s)
- William Vainchenker
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,GrEX, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Brahim Arkoun
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,GrEX, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Basso-Valentina
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Sorbonne Paris Cité/Université Paris Dideront, Paris, France
| | - Larissa Lordier
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Najet Debili
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- INSERM, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Equipe Labellisée LNCC, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris Saclay, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, UMR 1287, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Long W, Liu S, Li XX, Shen X, Zeng J, Luo JS, Li KR, Wu AG, Yu L, Qin DL, Hu GQ, Yang J, Wu JM. Whole transcriptome sequencing and integrated network analysis elucidates the effects of 3,8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside derived from Sanguisorba offcinalis L., a novel differentiation inducer on erythroleukemia cells. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105491. [PMID: 33582247 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy with no specific treatment. Sanguisorba officinalis L. (S. officinalis), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, possesses potent anticancer activity. However, the active components of S. officinalis against AEL and the associated molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we predicted the anti-AML effect of S. officinalis based on network pharmacology. Through the identification of active components of S. officinalis, we found that 3,8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside (DMAG) not only significantly inhibited the proliferation of erythroleukemic cell line HEL, but also induced their differentiation to megakaryocytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DMAG could prolong the survival of AEL mice model. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with anti-AEL effect of DMAG. The results showed that the total of 68 miRNAs, 595 lncRNAs, 4030 mRNAs and 35 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed during DMAG induced proliferation inhibition and differentiation of HEL cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that the differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs, mRNAs and circRNAs were mainly involved in metabolic, HIF-1, MAPK, Notch pathway and apoptosis. The co-expression networks showed that miR-23a-5p, miR-92a-1-5p, miR-146b and miR-760 regulatory networks were crucial for megakaryocyte differentiation induced by DMAG. In conclusion, our results suggest that DMAG, derived from S. officinalis might be a potent differentiation inducer of AEL cells and provide important information on the underlying mechanisms associated with its anti-AEL activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Long
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Xin Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jie-Si Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ke-Ru Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An-Guo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Guang-Qiang Hu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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34
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Generation and manipulation of human iPSC-derived platelets. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3385-3401. [PMID: 33439272 PMCID: PMC7804213 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03749-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of iPSCs has led to the ex vivo production of differentiated cells for regenerative medicine. In the case of transfusion products, the derivation of platelets from iPSCs is expected to complement our current blood-donor supplied transfusion system through donor-independent production with complete pathogen-free assurance. This derivation can also overcome alloimmune platelet transfusion refractoriness by resulting in autologous, HLA-homologous or HLA-deficient products. Several developments were necessary to produce a massive number of platelets required for a single transfusion. First, expandable megakaryocytes were established from iPSCs through transgene expression. Second, a turbulent-type bioreactor with improved platelet yield and quality was developed. Third, novel drugs that enabled efficient feeder cell-free conditions were developed. Fourth, the platelet-containing suspension was purified and resuspended in an appropriate buffer. Finally, the platelet product needed to be assured for competency and safety including non-tumorigenicity through in vitro and in vivo preclinical tests. Based on these advancements, a clinical trial has started. The generation of human iPSC-derived platelets could evolve transfusion medicine to the next stage and assure a ubiquitous, safe supply of platelet products. Further, considering the feasibility of gene manipulations in iPSCs, other platelet products may bring forth novel therapeutic measures.
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35
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Hill B, Jagadeesh D, Pohlman B, Dean R, Parameswaran N, Chen J, Radivoyevitch T, Morrison A, Fada S, Dever M, Robinson S, Lindner D, Smith M, Saunthararajah Y. A pilot clinical trial of oral tetrahydrouridine/decitabine for noncytotoxic epigenetic therapy of chemoresistant lymphoid malignancies. Semin Hematol 2021; 58:35-44. [PMID: 33509441 PMCID: PMC7847482 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
One mechanism by which lymphoid malignancies resist standard apoptosis-intending (cytotoxic) treatments is genetic attenuation of the p53/p16-CDKN2A apoptosis axis. Depletion of the epigenetic protein DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) using the deoxycytidine analog decitabine is a validated approach to cytoreduce malignancy independent of p53/p16. In vivo decitabine activity, however, is restricted by rapid catabolism by cytidine deaminase (CDA). We, therefore, combined decitabine with the CDA-inhibitor tetrahydrouridine and conducted a pilot clinical trial in patients with relapsed lymphoid malignancies: the doses of tetrahydrouridine/decitabine used (∼10/0.2 mg/kg orally (PO) 2×/week) were selected for the molecular pharmacodynamic objective of non-cytotoxic, S-phase dependent, DNMT1-depletion, guided by previous Phase 1 studies. Patients with relapsed/refractory B- or T-cell malignancies (n = 7) were treated for up to 18 weeks. Neutropenia without concurrent thrombocytopenia is an expected toxicity of DNMT1-depletion and occurred in all patients (Grade 3/4). Subjective and objective clinical improvements occurred in 4 of 7 patients, but these responses were lost upon treatment interruptions and reductions to manage neutropenia. We thus performed parallel experiments in a preclinical in vivo model of lymphoma to identify regimen refinements that might sustain DNMT1-targeting in malignant cells but limit neutropenia. We found that timed-alternation of decitabine with the related molecule 5-azacytidine, and combination with inhibitors of CDA and de novo pyrimidine synthesis could leverage feedback responses of pyrimidine metabolism to substantially increase lymphoma cytoreduction but with less neutropenia. In sum, regimen innovations beyond incorporation of a CDA-inhibitor are needed to sustain decitabine DNMT1-targeting and efficacy against chemo-resistant lymphoid malignancy. Such potential solutions were explored in preclinical in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Hill
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
| | - Deepa Jagadeesh
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Brad Pohlman
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Robert Dean
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Neetha Parameswaran
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Joel Chen
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Ashley Morrison
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Sherry Fada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Meredith Dever
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Shelley Robinson
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Daniel Lindner
- Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Mitchell Smith
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University, DC
| | - Yogen Saunthararajah
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
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Mughal TI, Pemmaraju N, Psaila B, Radich J, Bose P, Lion T, Kiladjian JJ, Rampal R, Jain T, Verstovsek S, Yacoub A, Cortes JE, Mesa R, Saglio G, van Etten RA. Illuminating novel biological aspects and potential new therapeutic approaches for chronic myeloproliferative malignancies. Hematol Oncol 2020; 38:654-664. [PMID: 32592408 PMCID: PMC8895354 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This review reflects the presentations and discussion at the 14th post-American Society of Hematology (ASH) International Workshop on Chronic Myeloproliferative Malignancies, which took place on the December 10 and 11, 2019, immediately after the 61st ASH Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida. Rather than present a resume of the proceedings, we address some of the topical translational science research and clinically relevant topics in detail. We consider how recent studies using single-cell genomics and other molecular methods reveal novel aspects of hematopoiesis which in turn raise the possibility of new therapeutic approaches for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). We discuss how alternative therapies could benefit patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who develop BCR-ABL1 mutant subclones following ABL1-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. In MPNs, we focus on efforts beyond JAK-STAT and the merits of integrating activin receptor ligand traps, interferon-α, and allografting in the current treatment algorithm for patients with myelofibrosis.
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MESH Headings
- Anemia/diagnosis
- Anemia/etiology
- Anemia/therapy
- Biomarkers
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects
- Combined Modality Therapy/methods
- Disease Management
- Disease Susceptibility
- Drug Development
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/complications
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/etiology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/therapy
- Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/complications
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/diagnosis
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/etiology
- Myeloproliferative Disorders/therapy
- Prognosis
- Single-Cell Analysis/methods
- Translational Research, Biomedical
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bethan Psaila
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jerald Radich
- Frederick Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Thomas Lion
- Childrens Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Raajit Rampal
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tania Jain
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, John Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Abdulraheem Yacoub
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jorge E. Cortes
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ruben Mesa
- Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Boscher J, Guinard I, Eckly A, Lanza F, Léon C. Blood platelet formation at a glance. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/20/jcs244731. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.244731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The main function of blood platelets is to ensure hemostasis and prevent hemorrhages. The 1011 platelets needed daily are produced in a well-orchestrated process. However, this process is not yet fully understood and in vitro platelet production is still inefficient. Platelets are produced in the bone marrow by megakaryocytes, highly specialized precursor cells that extend cytoplasmic projections called proplatelets (PPTs) through the endothelial barrier of sinusoid vessels. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster we discuss the mechanisms and pathways involved in megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation processes. We especially address the – still underestimated – role of the microenvironment of the bone marrow, and present recent findings on how PPT extension in vivo differs from that in vitro and entails different mechanisms. Finally, we recapitulate old but recently revisited evidence that – although bone marrow does produce megakaryocytes and PPTs – remodeling and the release of bona fide platelets, mainly occur in the downstream microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Boscher
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ines Guinard
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anita Eckly
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - François Lanza
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Léon
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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38
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HOXC4 up-regulates NF-κB signaling and promotes the cell proliferation to drive development of human hematopoiesis, especially CD43+ cells. BLOOD SCIENCE 2020; 2:117-128. [PMID: 35400027 PMCID: PMC8974941 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The hematopoietic function of HOXC4 has not been extensively investigated. Our research indicated that induction of HOXC4 in co-culture system from D10 significantly promoted productions of most hematopoietic progenitor cells. CD34−CD43+ cells could be clearly classified into CD34−CD43low and CD34−CD43high sub-populations at D14. The former cells had greater myelogenic potential, and their production was not significantly influenced by induction of HOXC4. By contrast, the latter cells had greater potential to differentiate into megakaryocytes and erythroid cells, and thus had properties of erythroid–megakaryocyte common progenitors, which abundance was increased by ∼2-fold when HOXC4 was induced from D10. For CD34−CD43low, CD34+CD43+, and CD34−CD43high sub-populations, CD43 level served as a natural index for the tendency to undergo hematopoiesis. Induction of HOXC4 from D10 caused more CD43+ cells sustain in S-phase with up-regulation of NF-κB signaling, which could be counteracted by inhibition of NF-κB signaling. These observations suggested that promotion of hematopoiesis by HOXC4 is closely related to NF-κB signaling and a change in cell-cycle status, which containing potential of clinical applications.
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Hacein-Bey-Abina S, Estienne M, Bessoles S, Echchakir H, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Chiron A, Aldaz-Carroll L, Leducq V, Zhang Y, Souyri M, Louache F, Abina AM. Erythropoietin is a major regulator of thrombopoiesis in thrombopoietin-dependent and -independent contexts. Exp Hematol 2020; 88:15-27. [PMID: 32721504 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO), through activation of its cognate receptor Mpl, is the major regulator of platelet production. However, residual platelets observed in TPO- and Mpl-loss-of-function (LOF) mice suggest the existence of an additional factor to TPO in platelet production. As erythropoietin (EPO) exhibited both in vitro megakaryocytic potential, in association with other early-acting cytokines, and in vivo platelet activation activity, we sought to investigate its role in this setting. Here, we used multiple LOF models to decipher the reciprocal role of EPO and TPO in the regulation of platelet production in TPO-LOF and Mpl-LOF mice and of platelet size heterogeneity in wild-type mice. We first identified EPO as the major thrombopoietic factor in the absence of the TPO-Mpl pathway. Based on the study of several mouse models we found that the EPO-EPO receptor pathway acts on late-stage megakaryopoiesis and is responsible for large-sized platelet production, while the TPO-Mpl pathway promotes small-sized platelet production. On the basis of our data, EPO might be used for thrombocytopenia supportive therapy in congenital amegakaryocytopoiesis. Furthermore, as a distribution skewed toward large platelets is an independent risk factor and a poor prognosis indicator in atherothrombosis, the characterization of EPO's role in the production of large-sized platelets, if confirmed in humans, may open new perspectives in the understanding of the role of EPO-induced platelets in atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salima Hacein-Bey-Abina
- UTCBS CNRS UMR 8258, INSERM U1267, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Hôpital Kremlin-Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le-Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
| | | | - Stéphanie Bessoles
- UTCBS CNRS UMR 8258, INSERM U1267, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Magali Pederzoli-Ribeil
- UTCBS CNRS UMR 8258, INSERM U1267, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andrada Chiron
- UTCBS CNRS UMR 8258, INSERM U1267, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France; Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris-Sud, Hôpital Kremlin-Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le-Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Lydia Aldaz-Carroll
- UTCBS CNRS UMR 8258, INSERM U1267, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Yanyan Zhang
- INSERM U1170, CNRS GDR 3697 MicroNiT, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Michèle Souyri
- INSERM UMRS 1131, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Fawzia Louache
- INSERM U1170, CNRS GDR 3697 MicroNiT, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Amine M Abina
- UTCBS CNRS UMR 8258, INSERM U1267, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université de Paris, Paris, France; NOKAD, Evry, France.
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Abstract
Over the last several years, next-generation sequencing and its recent push toward single-cell resolution have transformed the landscape of immunology research by revealing novel complexities about all components of the immune system. With the vast amounts of diverse data currently being generated, and with the methods of analyzing and combining diverse data improving as well, integrative systems approaches are becoming more powerful. Previous integrative approaches have combined multiple data types and revealed ways that the immune system, both as a whole and as individual parts, is affected by genetics, the microbiome, and other factors. In this review, we explore the data types that are available for studying immunology with an integrative systems approach, as well as the current strategies and challenges for conducting such analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pineda
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel G. Bunis
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Idit Kosti
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - Marina Sirota
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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41
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Psaila B, Wang G, Rodriguez-Meira A, Li R, Heuston EF, Murphy L, Yee D, Hitchcock IS, Sousos N, O'Sullivan J, Anderson S, Senis YA, Weinberg OK, Calicchio ML, Iskander D, Royston D, Milojkovic D, Roberts I, Bodine DM, Thongjuea S, Mead AJ. Single-Cell Analyses Reveal Megakaryocyte-Biased Hematopoiesis in Myelofibrosis and Identify Mutant Clone-Specific Targets. Mol Cell 2020; 78:477-492.e8. [PMID: 32386542 PMCID: PMC7217381 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myelofibrosis is a severe myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by increased numbers of abnormal bone marrow megakaryocytes that induce fibrosis, destroying the hematopoietic microenvironment. To determine the cellular and molecular basis for aberrant megakaryopoiesis in myelofibrosis, we performed single-cell transcriptome profiling of 135,929 CD34+ lineage- hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), single-cell proteomics, genomics, and functional assays. We identified a bias toward megakaryocyte differentiation apparent from early multipotent stem cells in myelofibrosis and associated aberrant molecular signatures. A sub-fraction of myelofibrosis megakaryocyte progenitors (MkPs) are transcriptionally similar to healthy-donor MkPs, but the majority are disease specific, with distinct populations expressing fibrosis- and proliferation-associated genes. Mutant-clone HSPCs have increased expression of megakaryocyte-associated genes compared to wild-type HSPCs, and we provide early validation of G6B as a potential immunotherapy target. Our study paves the way for selective targeting of the myelofibrosis clone and illustrates the power of single-cell multi-omics to discover tumor-specific therapeutic targets and mediators of tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan Psaila
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA.
| | - Guanlin Wang
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Alba Rodriguez-Meira
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Rong Li
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Elisabeth F Heuston
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA
| | - Lauren Murphy
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Daniel Yee
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Ian S Hitchcock
- York Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Nikolaos Sousos
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Jennifer O'Sullivan
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK
| | - Stacie Anderson
- NHGRI Flow Cytometry Core, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA
| | - Yotis A Senis
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche-S 1255, Etablissement Français du Sang Grand Est, Strasbourg 67065, France
| | - Olga K Weinberg
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Monica L Calicchio
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Deena Iskander
- Centre for Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College of Medicine, London W12 OHS, UK
| | - Daniel Royston
- Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Dragana Milojkovic
- Centre for Haematology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College of Medicine, London W12 OHS, UK
| | - Irene Roberts
- MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - David M Bodine
- Hematopoiesis Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4442, USA
| | - Supat Thongjuea
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK; MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Adam J Mead
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; MRC Molecular Haematology Unit, MRC WIMM, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK.
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Lineage Decision-Making within Normal Haematopoietic and Leukemic Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062247. [PMID: 32213936 PMCID: PMC7139697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To produce the wide range of blood and immune cell types, haematopoietic stem cells can “choose” directly from the entire spectrum of blood cell fate-options. Affiliation to a single cell lineage can occur at the level of the haematopoietic stem cell and these cells are therefore a mixture of some pluripotent cells and many cells with lineage signatures. Even so, haematopoietic stem cells and their progeny that have chosen a particular fate can still “change their mind” and adopt a different developmental pathway. Many of the leukaemias arise in haematopoietic stem cells with the bulk of the often partially differentiated leukaemia cells belonging to just one cell type. We argue that the reason for this is that an oncogenic insult to the genome “hard wires” leukaemia stem cells, either through development or at some stage, to one cell lineage. Unlike normal haematopoietic stem cells, oncogene-transformed leukaemia stem cells and their progeny are unable to adopt an alternative pathway.
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43
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Are Leukaemic Stem Cells Restricted to a Single Cell Lineage? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010045. [PMID: 31861691 PMCID: PMC6981580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-stem-cell theory states that most, if not all, cancers arise from a stem/uncommitted cell. This theory revolutionised our view to reflect that cancer consists of a hierarchy of cells that mimic normal cell development. Elegant studies of twins who both developed acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in childhood revealed that at least two genomic insults are required for cancer to develop. These ‘hits’ do not appear to confer a growth advantage to cancer cells, nor do cancer cells appear to be better equipped to survive than normal cells. Cancer cells created by investigators by introducing specific genomic insults generally belong to one cell lineage. For example, transgenic mice in which the LIM-only 2 (LMO2, associated with human acute T-lymphoblastic leukaemia) and BCR-ABLp210 (associated with human chronic myeloid leukaemia) oncogenes were active solely within the haematopoietic stem-cell compartment developed T-lymphocyte and neutrophil lineage-restricted leukaemia, respectively. This recapitulated the human form of these diseases. This ‘hardwiring’ of lineage affiliation, either throughout leukaemic stem cell development or at a particular stage, is different to the behaviour of normal haematopoietic stem cells. While normal cells directly commit to a developmental pathway, they also remain versatile and can develop into a terminally differentiated cell that is not part of the initial lineage. Many cancer stem cells do not have this versatility, and this is an essential difference between normal and cancer stem cells. In this report, we review findings that support this notion.
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44
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Guo L, Rondina MT. The Era of Thromboinflammation: Platelets Are Dynamic Sensors and Effector Cells During Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2204. [PMID: 31572400 PMCID: PMC6753373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate cells produced by megakaryocytes. In recent years, a robust body of literature supports the evolving role of platelets as key sentinel and effector cells in infectious diseases, especially critical in bridging hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune continuums. Upon intravascular pathogen invasion, platelets can directly sense viral, parasitic, and bacterial infections through pattern recognition receptors and integrin receptors or pathogen: immunoglobulin complexes through Fc and complement receptors—although our understanding of these interactions remains incomplete. Constantly scanning for areas of injury or inflammation as they circulate in the vasculature, platelets also indirectly respond to pathogen invasion through interactions with leukocytes and the endothelium. Following antigen recognition, platelets often become activated. Through a diverse repertoire of mechanisms, activated platelets can directly sequester or kill pathogens, or facilitate pathogen clearance by activating macrophages and neutrophils, promoting neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, forming platelet aggregates and microthrombi. At times, however, platelet activation may also be injurious to the host, exacerbating inflammation and promoting endothelial damage and thrombosis. There are many gaps in our understandings of the role of platelets in infectious diseases. However, with the emergence of advanced technologies, our knowledge is increasing. In the current review, we mainly discuss these evolving roles of platelets under four different infectious pathogen infections, of which are dengue, malaria, Esterichia coli (E. coli) and staphylococcus aureus S. aureus, highlighting the complex interplay of these processes with hemostatic and thrombotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,George E. Wahlen VAMC Department of Internal Medicine and GRECC, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Mughal TI, Pemmaraju N, Radich JP, Deininger MW, Kucine N, Kiladjian JJ, Bose P, Gotlib J, Valent P, Chen CC, Barbui T, Rampal R, Verstovsek S, Koschmieder S, Saglio G, Van Etten RA. Emerging translational science discoveries, clonal approaches, and treatment trends in chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Hematol Oncol 2019; 37:240-252. [PMID: 31013548 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The 60th American Society of Hematology (ASH) held in San Diego in December 2018 was followed by the 13th Post-ASH chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) workshop on December 4 and 5, 2018. This closed annual workshop, first introduced in 2006 by Goldman and Mughal, was organized in collaboration with Alpine Oncology Foundation and allowed experts in preclinical and clinical research in the chronic MPNs to discuss the current scenario, including relevant presentations at ASH, and address pivotal open questions that impact translational research and clinical management. This review is based on the presentations and deliberations at this workshop, and rather than provide a resume of the proceedings, we have selected some of the important translational science and treatment issues that require clarity. We discuss the experimental and observational evidence to support the intimate interaction between aging, inflammation, and clonal evolution of MPNs, the clinical impact of the unfolding mutational landscape on the emerging targets and treatment of MPNs, new methods to detect clonal heterogeneity, the challenges in managing childhood and adolescent MPN, and reflect on the treatment of systemic mastocytosis (SM) following the licensing of midostaurin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq I Mughal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Tufts University Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Naveen Pemmaraju
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jerald P Radich
- Fred Hutch Cancer Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Nicole Kucine
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | - Prithviraj Bose
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jason Gotlib
- Division of Hematology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, California
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi; College of Medicine, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tiziano Barbui
- Foundation for Clinical Research (FROM), Papa Giovanni XXIIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Raajit Rampal
- Division of Hematology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Department of Leukemia, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Saglio
- Divison of Hematology, Orbassano University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Richard A Van Etten
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
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46
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Brown G, Ceredig R. Modeling the Hematopoietic Landscape. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:104. [PMID: 31275935 PMCID: PMC6591273 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Some time ago, we proposed a continuum-like view of the lineages open to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs); each HSC self-renews or chooses from the spectrum of all end-cell options and can then "merely" differentiate. Having selected a cell lineage, an individual HSC may still "step sideways" to an alternative, albeit closely related, fate: HSC and their progeny therefore remain versatile. The hematopoietic cytokines erythropoietin, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and ligand for the fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 instruct cell lineage. Sub-populations of HSCs express each of the cytokine receptors that are positively auto-regulated upon cytokine binding. Many years ago, Waddington proposed that the epigenetic landscape played an important role in cell lineage choice. This landscape is dynamic and unstable especially regarding DNA methylation patterns across genomic DNA. This may underlie the receptor diversity of HSC and their decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Brown
- Institute of Clinical Sciences - Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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