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Giudice GC, Sonpavde GP. Vaccine approaches to treat urothelial cancer. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2379086. [PMID: 39043175 PMCID: PMC11268260 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2379086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) accounts for about 4% of all malignancies. Non-muscle-invasive BC, 75% of cases, is treated with transurethral resection and adjuvant intravesical instillation, while muscle-invasive BC warrants cisplatin-based perioperative chemotherapy. Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors, antibody drug conjugates and targeted agents have provided dramatic advances, metastatic BC remains a generally incurable disease and clinical trials continue to vigorously evaluate novel molecules. Cancer vaccines aim at activating the patient's immune system against tumor cells. Several means of delivering neoantigens have been developed, including peptides, antigen-presenting cells, virus, or nucleic acids. Various improvements are constantly being explored, such as adjuvants use and combination strategies. Nucleic acids-based vaccines are increasingly gaining attention in recent years, with promising results in other malignancies. However, despite the recent advantages, numerous obstacles persist. This review is aimed at describing the different types of cancer vaccines, their evaluations in UC patients and the more recent innovations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Claire Giudice
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Guru P. Sonpavde
- AdventHealth Cancer Institute, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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2
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Siegel M, Padamsey A, Bolender AL, Hargreaves P, Fraidling J, Ducret A, Hartman K, Looney CM, Bertinetti-Lapatki C, Rohr O, Hickling TP, Kraft TE, Marban-Doran C. Development and characterization of dendritic cell internalization and activation assays contributing to the immunogenicity risk evaluation of biotherapeutics. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1406804. [PMID: 39229274 PMCID: PMC11368763 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1406804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immunogenicity refers to the ability of a substance, such as a therapeutic drug, to elicit an immune response. While beneficial in vaccine development, undesirable immunogenicity can compromise the safety and efficacy of therapeutic proteins by inducing anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). These ADAs can reduce drug bioavailability and alter pharmacokinetics, necessitating comprehensive immunogenicity risk assessments starting at early stages of drug development. Given the complexity of immunogenicity, an integrated approach is essential, as no single assay can universally recapitulate the immune response leading to the formation of anti-drug antibodies. Methods To better understand the Dendritic Cell (DC) contribution to immunogenicity, we developed two flow cytometry-based assays: the DC internalization assay and the DC activation assay. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and differentiated over a five-day period. The internalization assay measured the accumulation rate of therapeutic antibodies within moDCs, while the activation assay assessed the expression of DC activation markers such as CD40, CD80, CD86, CD83, and DC-SIGN (CD209). To characterize these two assays further, we used a set of marketed therapeutic antibodies. Results The study highlights that moDCs differentiated for 5 days from freshly isolated monocytes were more prone to respond to external stimuli. The internalization assay has been shown to be highly sensitive to the molecule tested, allowing the use of only 4 donors to detect small but significant differences. We also demonstrated that therapeutic antibodies were efficiently taken up by moDCs, with a strong correlation with their peptide presentation on MHC-II. On the other hand, by monitoring DC activation through a limited set of activation markers including CD40, CD83, and DC-SIGN, the DC activation assay has the potential to compare a series of compounds. These two assays provide a more comprehensive understanding of DC function in the context of immunogenicity, highlighting the importance of both internalization and activation processes in ADA development. Discussion The DC internalization and activation assays described here address key gaps in existing immunogenicity assessment methods by providing specific and reliable measures of DC function. The assays enhance our ability to pre-clinically evaluate the immunogenic potential of biotherapeutics, thereby improving their safety and efficacy. Future work should focus on further validating these assays and integrating them into a holistic immunogenicity risk assessment framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Siegel
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aman Padamsey
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Bolender
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Hargreaves
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Fraidling
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Axel Ducret
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Hartman
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cary M. Looney
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Bertinetti-Lapatki
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Rohr
- University of Strasbourg, UPR CNRS 9002 ARN, IUT Louis Pasteur, Schiltigheim, France
- Institut Universitaire de Technologie Louis Pasteur, Université de Strasbourg, Schiltigheim, France
| | - Timothy P. Hickling
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas E. Kraft
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Penzberg, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Céline Marban-Doran
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Chen MY, Zhang F, Goedegebuure SP, Gillanders WE. Dendritic cell subsets and implications for cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393451. [PMID: 38903502 PMCID: PMC11188312 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in the orchestration of effective T cell responses against tumors. However, their functional behavior is context-dependent. DC type, transcriptional program, location, intratumoral factors, and inflammatory milieu all impact DCs with regard to promoting or inhibiting tumor immunity. The following review introduces important facets of DC function, and how subset and phenotype can affect the interplay of DCs with other factors in the tumor microenvironment. It will also discuss how current cancer treatment relies on DC function, and survey the myriad ways with which immune therapy can more directly harness DCs to enact antitumor cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y. Chen
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Felicia Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Simon Peter Goedegebuure
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - William E. Gillanders
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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4
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Troise D, Infante B, Mercuri S, Catalano V, Ranieri E, Stallone G. Dendritic Cells: A Bridge between Tolerance Induction and Cancer Development in Transplantation Setting. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1240. [PMID: 38927447 PMCID: PMC11200833 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous group of antigen-presenting cells crucial for fostering allograft tolerance while simultaneously supporting host defense against infections and cancer. Within the tumor microenvironment, DCs can either mount an immune response against cancer cells or foster immunotolerance, presenting a dual role. In immunocompromised individuals, posttransplant malignancies pose a significant health concern, with DCs serving as vital players in immune responses against cancer cells. Both recipient- and donor-derived DCs play a critical role in the rejection process, infiltrating the transplanted organ and sustaining T-cell responses. The use of immunosuppressive drugs represents the predominant approach to control this immunological barrier in transplanted organs. Evidence has shed light on the immunopharmacology of these drugs and novel strategies for manipulating DCs to promote allograft survival. Therefore, comprehending the mechanisms underlying this intricate microenvironment and the effects of immunosuppressive therapy on DCs is crucial for developing targeted therapies to reduce graft failure rates. This review will delve into the fundamental immunobiology of DCs and provide a detailed exploration of their clinical significance concerning alloimmune responses and posttransplant malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Troise
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
- Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barbara Infante
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Silvia Mercuri
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Valeria Catalano
- Unit of Clinical Pathology, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Elena Ranieri
- Unit of Clinical Pathology, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Stallone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Advanced Research Center on Kidney Aging (A.R.K.A.), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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Heras-Murillo I, Adán-Barrientos I, Galán M, Wculek SK, Sancho D. Dendritic cells as orchestrators of anticancer immunity and immunotherapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:257-277. [PMID: 38326563 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-024-00859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a heterogeneous group of antigen-presenting innate immune cells that regulate adaptive immunity, including against cancer. Therefore, understanding the precise activities of DCs in tumours and patients with cancer is important. The classification of DC subsets has historically been based on ontogeny; however, single-cell analyses are now additionally revealing a diversity of functional states of DCs in cancer. DCs can promote the activation of potent antitumour T cells and immune responses via numerous mechanisms, although they can also be hijacked by tumour-mediated factors to contribute to immune tolerance and cancer progression. Consequently, DC activities are often key determinants of the efficacy of immunotherapies, including immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Potentiating the antitumour functions of DCs or using them as tools to orchestrate short-term and long-term anticancer immunity has immense but as-yet underexploited therapeutic potential. In this Review, we outline the nature and emerging complexity of DC states as well as their functions in regulating adaptive immunity across different cancer types. We also describe how DCs are required for the success of current immunotherapies and explore the inherent potential of targeting DCs for cancer therapy. We focus on novel insights on DCs derived from patients with different cancers, single-cell studies of DCs and their relevance to therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Heras-Murillo
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Adán-Barrientos
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Galán
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanie K Wculek
- Innate Immune Biology Laboratory, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Sancho
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
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Cui Q, Li W, Wang D, Wang S, Liu A, Zhang G, Yang Y, Ge T, He G, Yu J. Immune signature and phagocytosis of circulating DC subsets in healthy adults during aging. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111715. [PMID: 38382263 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) play a pivotal role in the onset and progression of immunosenescence-associated diseases, serving as a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Thus, there is a need to establish reference ranges for DC subset levels in healthy adults and investigate the potential impact of age on DC subset levels and phagocytic activity. Single-platform multi-color flow cytometry was performed to assess the proportions of circulating conventional type 1 DC (cDC1), conventional type 2 DC (cDC2), and plasmacytoid DC (pDC), as well as the percentages of CD80, CD86, CD83, PD-L1, and CD32 in cDC1, cDC2, and pDC. Reference ranges were established based on age and gender, and the percentage of circulating DC subsets in different age groups was compared. In addition, circulating DC were enriched using a magnetic bead sorting kit and co-cultured with polystyrene (PS) beads, categorized by age groups, followed by the evaluation of PS bead phagocytosis using light microscopy and flow cytometry. The results indicated that the percentages of circulating cDC1, cDC2, and CD32+cDC2 decreased with age (P < 0.05) and revealed age-related impairment in phagocytic percentage of cDC2 (P < 0.05). These findings provide a deeper understanding of the impact of age on the phenotype and phagocytic activity of DC subsets, shedding light on their role and function in immunosenescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cui
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Wentao Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China; Department of Oncology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuangcui Wang
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Aqing Liu
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Guan Zhang
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Ge
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Guixin He
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianchun Yu
- Central Laboratory, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
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7
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Foley CR, Swan SL, Swartz MA. Engineering Challenges and Opportunities in Autologous Cellular Cancer Immunotherapy. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:188-198. [PMID: 38166251 PMCID: PMC11155266 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The use of a patient's own immune or tumor cells, manipulated ex vivo, enables Ag- or patient-specific immunotherapy. Despite some clinical successes, there remain significant barriers to efficacy, broad patient population applicability, and safety. Immunotherapies that target specific tumor Ags, such as chimeric Ag receptor T cells and some dendritic cell vaccines, can mount robust immune responses against immunodominant Ags, but evolving tumor heterogeneity and antigenic downregulation can drive resistance. In contrast, whole tumor cell vaccines and tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccines target the patient's unique tumor antigenic repertoire without prior neoantigen selection; however, efficacy can be weak when lower-affinity clones dominate the T cell pool. Chimeric Ag receptor T cell and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapies additionally face challenges related to genetic modification, T cell exhaustion, and immunotoxicity. In this review, we highlight some engineering approaches and opportunities to these challenges among four classes of autologous cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen R. Foley
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sheridan L. Swan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Melody A. Swartz
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Ben May Department of Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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8
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Gerton TJ, Green A, Campisi M, Chen M, Gjeci I, Mahadevan N, Lee CAA, Mishra R, Vo HV, Haratani K, Li ZH, Hasselblatt KT, Testino B, Connor T, Lian CG, Elias KM, Lizotte P, Ivanova EV, Barbie DA, Dinulescu DM. Development of a Patient-Derived 3D Immuno-Oncology Platform to Potentiate Immunotherapy Responses in Ascites-Derived Circulating Tumor Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4128. [PMID: 37627156 PMCID: PMC10452550 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is responsible for the majority of gynecology cancer-related deaths. Patients in remission often relapse with more aggressive forms of disease within 2 years post-treatment. Alternative immuno-oncology (IO) strategies, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting the PD-(L)1 signaling axis, have proven inefficient so far. Our aim is to utilize epigenetic modulators to maximize the benefit of personalized IO combinations in ex vivo 3D patient-derived platforms and in vivo syngeneic models. Using patient-derived tumor ascites, we optimized an ex vivo 3D screening platform (PDOTS), which employs autologous immune cells and circulating ascites-derived tumor cells, to rapidly test personalized IO combinations. Most importantly, patient responses to platinum chemotherapy and poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors in 3D platforms recapitulate clinical responses. Furthermore, similar to clinical trial results, responses to ICB in PDOTS tend to be low and positively correlated with the frequency of CD3+ immune cells and EPCAM+/PD-L1+ tumor cells. Thus, the greatest response observed with anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy alone is seen in patient-derived HGSOC ascites, which present with high levels of systemic CD3+ and PD-L1+ expression in immune and tumor cells, respectively. In addition, priming with epigenetic adjuvants greatly potentiates ICB in ex vivo 3D testing platforms and in vivo tumor models. We further find that epigenetic priming induces increased tumor secretion of several key cytokines known to augment T and NK cell activation and cytotoxicity, including IL-6, IP-10 (CXCL10), KC (CXCL1), and RANTES (CCL5). Moreover, epigenetic priming alone and in combination with ICB immunotherapy in patient-derived PDOTS induces rapid upregulation of CD69, a reliable early activation of immune markers in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Consequently, this functional precision medicine approach could rapidly identify personalized therapeutic combinations able to potentiate ICB, which is a great advantage, especially given the current clinical difficulty of testing a high number of potential combinations in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Gerton
- Division of Women’s and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Allen Green
- Division of Women’s and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marco Campisi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Minyue Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Iliana Gjeci
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Navin Mahadevan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Catherine A. A. Lee
- Division of Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ranjan Mishra
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Ha V. Vo
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Koji Haratani
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ze-Hua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kathleen T. Hasselblatt
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bryanna Testino
- Division of Women’s and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Trevor Connor
- Division of Women’s and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christine G. Lian
- Division of Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kevin M. Elias
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Patrick Lizotte
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Elena V. Ivanova
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David A. Barbie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniela M. Dinulescu
- Division of Women’s and Perinatal Pathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Lei X, Wang Y, Broens C, Borst J, Xiao Y. Immune checkpoints targeting dendritic cells for antibody-based modulation in cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 382:145-179. [PMID: 38225102 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells which link innate to adaptive immunity. DC play a central role in regulating antitumor T-cell responses in both tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN) and the tumor microenvironment (TME). They modulate effector T-cell responses via immune checkpoint proteins (ICPs) that can be either stimulatory or inhibitory. Functions of DC are often impaired by the suppressive TME leading to tumor immune escape. Therefore, better understanding of the mechanisms of action of ICPs expressed by (tumor-infiltrating) DC will lead to potential new treatment strategies. Genetic manipulation and high-dimensional analyses have provided insight in the interactions between DC and T-cells in TDLN and the TME upon ICP targeting. In this review, we discuss (tumor-infiltrating) DC lineage cells and tumor tissue specific "mature" DC states and their gene signatures in relation to anti-tumor immunity. We also review a number of ICPs expressed by DC regarding their functions in phagocytosis, DC activation, or inhibition and outline position in, or promise for clinical trials in cancer immunotherapy. Collectively, we highlight the critical role of DC and their exact status in the TME for the induction and propagation of T-cell immunity to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lei
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yizhi Wang
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chayenne Broens
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jannie Borst
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Zimmermannova O, Ferreira AG, Ascic E, Velasco Santiago M, Kurochkin I, Hansen M, Met Ö, Caiado I, Shapiro IE, Michaux J, Humbert M, Soto-Cabrera D, Benonisson H, Silvério-Alves R, Gomez-Jimenez D, Bernardo C, Bauden M, Andersson R, Höglund M, Miharada K, Nakamura Y, Hugues S, Greiff L, Lindstedt M, Rosa FF, Pires CF, Bassani-Sternberg M, Svane IM, Pereira CF. Restoring tumor immunogenicity with dendritic cell reprogramming. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadd4817. [PMID: 37418548 PMCID: PMC7614848 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.add4817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Decreased antigen presentation contributes to the ability of cancer cells to evade the immune system. We used the minimal gene regulatory network of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1) to reprogram cancer cells into professional antigen-presenting cells (tumor-APCs). Enforced expression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 (PIB) was sufficient to induce the cDC1 phenotype in 36 cell lines derived from human and mouse hematological and solid tumors. Within 9 days of reprogramming, tumor-APCs acquired transcriptional and epigenetic programs associated with cDC1 cells. Reprogramming restored the expression of antigen presentation complexes and costimulatory molecules on the surfaces of tumor cells, allowing the presentation of endogenous tumor antigens on MHC-I and facilitating targeted killing by CD8+ T cells. Functionally, tumor-APCs engulfed and processed proteins and dead cells, secreted inflammatory cytokines, and cross-presented antigens to naïve CD8+ T cells. Human primary tumor cells could also be reprogrammed to increase their capability to present antigen and to activate patient-specific tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. In addition to acquiring improved antigen presentation, tumor-APCs had impaired tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Injection of in vitro generated melanoma-derived tumor-APCs into subcutaneous melanoma tumors delayed tumor growth and increased survival in mice. Antitumor immunity elicited by tumor-APCs was synergistic with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our approach serves as a platform for the development of immunotherapies that endow cancer cells with the capability to process and present endogenous tumor antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Zimmermannova
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexandra G Ferreira
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ervin Ascic
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marta Velasco Santiago
- National Center of Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Ilia Kurochkin
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Morten Hansen
- National Center of Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- National Center of Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Pl. 345C, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Inês Caiado
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ilja E Shapiro
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch-University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology-University of Lausanne (UNIL) and Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Justine Michaux
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch-University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology-University of Lausanne (UNIL) and Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marion Humbert
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Medical School, Av. de Champel 41, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Huddinge Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Diego Soto-Cabrera
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hreinn Benonisson
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Rita Silvério-Alves
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - David Gomez-Jimenez
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Carina Bernardo
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Monika Bauden
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Roland Andersson
- Department of Surgery, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mattias Höglund
- Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Kenichi Miharada
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-Ku, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- Cell Engineering Division, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, 305-0074, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Stephanie Hugues
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Medical School, Av. de Champel 41, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lennart Greiff
- Department of ORL, Head and Neck Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Fábio F Rosa
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Asgard Therapeutics AB, Medicon Village, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Cristiana F Pires
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Asgard Therapeutics AB, Medicon Village, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Michal Bassani-Sternberg
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch-University of Lausanne (UNIL), Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology-University of Lausanne (UNIL) and Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- National Center of Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Carlos-Filipe Pereira
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine at Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Asgard Therapeutics AB, Medicon Village, 223 81 Lund, Sweden
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11
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Brown B, Ojha V, Fricke I, Al-Sheboul SA, Imarogbe C, Gravier T, Green M, Peterson L, Koutsaroff IP, Demir A, Andrieu J, Leow CY, Leow CH. Innate and Adaptive Immunity during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Biomolecular Cellular Markers and Mechanisms. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:408. [PMID: 36851285 PMCID: PMC9962967 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was caused by a positive sense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, other human coronaviruses (hCoVs) exist. Historical pandemics include smallpox and influenza, with efficacious therapeutics utilized to reduce overall disease burden through effectively targeting a competent host immune system response. The immune system is composed of primary/secondary lymphoid structures with initially eight types of immune cell types, and many other subtypes, traversing cell membranes utilizing cell signaling cascades that contribute towards clearance of pathogenic proteins. Other proteins discussed include cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complexes (MHC), pleiotropic interleukins (IL), and chemokines (CXC). The historical concepts of host immunity are the innate and adaptive immune systems. The adaptive immune system is represented by T cells, B cells, and antibodies. The innate immune system is represented by macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, and the complement system. Other viruses can affect and regulate cell cycle progression for example, in cancers that include human papillomavirus (HPV: cervical carcinoma), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV: lymphoma), Hepatitis B and C (HB/HC: hepatocellular carcinoma) and human T cell Leukemia Virus-1 (T cell leukemia). Bacterial infections also increase the risk of developing cancer (e.g., Helicobacter pylori). Viral and bacterial factors can cause both morbidity and mortality alongside being transmitted within clinical and community settings through affecting a host immune response. Therefore, it is appropriate to contextualize advances in single cell sequencing in conjunction with other laboratory techniques allowing insights into immune cell characterization. These developments offer improved clarity and understanding that overlap with autoimmune conditions that could be affected by innate B cells (B1+ or marginal zone cells) or adaptive T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and other pathologies. Thus, this review starts with an introduction into host respiratory infection before examining invaluable cellular messenger proteins and then individual immune cell markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ingo Fricke
- Independent Immunologist and Researcher, 311995 Lamspringe, Germany
| | - Suhaila A Al-Sheboul
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, International School of Medicine, Medipol University-Istanbul, Istanbul 34810, Turkey
| | | | - Tanya Gravier
- Independent Researcher, MPH, San Francisco, CA 94131, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ayça Demir
- Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar University, Istanbul 03030, Turkey
| | - Jonatane Andrieu
- Faculté de Médecine, Aix–Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Chiuan Yee Leow
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Chiuan Herng Leow
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, Penang 11800, Malaysia
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12
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Lei X, Khatri I, de Wit T, de Rink I, Nieuwland M, Kerkhoven R, van Eenennaam H, Sun C, Garg AD, Borst J, Xiao Y. CD4 + helper T cells endow cDC1 with cancer-impeding functions in the human tumor micro-environment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:217. [PMID: 36639382 PMCID: PMC9839676 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their low abundance in the tumor microenvironment (TME), classical type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) play a pivotal role in anti-cancer immunity, and their abundance positively correlates with patient survival. However, their interaction with CD4+ T-cells to potentially enable the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response has not been elucidated. Here we show that contact with activated CD4+ T-cells enables human ex vivo cDC1, but no other DC types, to induce a CTL response to cell-associated tumor antigens. Single cell transcriptomics reveals that CD4+ T-cell help uniquely optimizes cDC1 in many functions that support antigen cross-presentation and T-cell priming, while these changes don't apply to other DC types. We robustly identify "helped" cDC1 in the TME of a multitude of human cancer types by the overlap in their transcriptomic signature with that of recently defined, tumor-infiltrating DC states that prove to be positively prognostic. As predicted from the functional effects of CD4+ T-cell help, the transcriptomic signature of "helped" cDC1 correlates with tumor infiltration by CTLs and Thelper(h)-1 cells, overall survival and response to PD-1-targeting immunotherapy. These findings reveal a critical role for CD4+ T-cell help in enabling cDC1 function in the TME and may establish the helped cDC1 transcriptomic signature as diagnostic marker in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lei
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Indu Khatri
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom de Wit
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Iris de Rink
- Genomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marja Nieuwland
- Genomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron Kerkhoven
- Genomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Chong Sun
- Immune Regulation in Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannie Borst
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. .,Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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13
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Mahajan S, Kortleve D, Debets R, Hammerl D. Detection of Low-Frequency Epitope-Specific T Cells in Blood of Healthy Individuals according to an Optimized In Vitro Amplification System. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:2239-2247. [PMID: 36426971 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Detection and amplification of epitope-specific T cells hold great promise for diagnosis and therapy of cancer patients. Currently, measurement and retrieval of epitope-specific T cells is hampered by limited availability of patients' biomaterials and lack of sensitive and easy-to-implement T cell priming and expansion. We have developed an in vitro T cell amplification system starting from healthy donor blood and tested different subsets and ratios of autologous T cells and APCs as well as the resting period between amplification cycles. We demonstrated in 10 different donors significantly enhanced frequency of T cells specific for MelanA/HLA-A2, which relied on coculturing of naive T cells and CD11c+ dendritic cells in a 1:1 ratio followed by three weekly amplification cycles using the effluent of the naive T cell sort as APCs, a 24-h rest period prior to every reamplification cycle, and IFN-γ production as a readout for epitope-specific T cells. Using this system, MelanA/HLA-A2-specific T cells were enriched by 200-fold, measuring up to 20-60% of all T cells. We extended this system to enrich NY-ESO-1/HLA-A2- and BMLF-1/HLA-A2-specific T cells, examples of a cancer germline Ag and an oncoviral Ag differing in their ability to bind to HLA-A2 and the presence of specific T cells in the naive and, in case of BMLF-1, also the Ag-experienced repertoire. Collectively, we have developed a sensitive and easy-to-implement in vitro T cell amplification method to enrich epitope-specific T cells that is expected to facilitate research and clinical utility regarding T cell diagnosis and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Mahajan
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dian Kortleve
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reno Debets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dora Hammerl
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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14
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Kinetic Changes in B7 Costimulatory Molecules and IRF4 Expression in Human Dendritic Cells during LPS Exposure. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070955. [PMID: 35883511 PMCID: PMC9313461 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A key aspect of the inflammatory phenomenon is the involvement of costimulatory molecules expressed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and their ability to secrete cytokines to set instructions for an adaptive immune response and to generate tolerance or inflammation. In a novel integrative approach, we aimed to evaluate the kinetic expression of the membrane and soluble B7 costimulatory molecules CD86, ICOS-L, PDL1, PDL2, the transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (IRF4), and the cytokines produced by monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) after challenging them with different concentrations of stimulation with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for different lengths of time. Our results showed that the stimuli concentration and time of exposure to an antigen are key factors in modulating the dynamic expression pattern of membrane and soluble B7 molecules and cytokines.
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15
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Swartz AM, Nair SK. The In Vitro Differentiation of Human CD141+CLEC9A+ Dendritic Cells from Mobilized Peripheral Blood CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e410. [PMID: 35435334 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As shown in various preclinical studies, conventional type-1 dendritic cells, or cDC1s, play a critical role in the immunological rejection of tumors and in the defense against pathogens. This indispensability stems from their potent capacity to activate cytotoxic T cells, especially via the cross-presentation of exogenous antigens. For this reason, cDC1s have become an attractive target for immunotherapy. Here we report a simplified method for generating large numbers of cDC1-like cells in vitro from mobilized human peripheral blood CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells using FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). An important aspect of this Protocol is the growth of cells on a non-tissue culture-treated surface rather than on a tissue culture-treated surface since the latter suppresses cDC1-marker expression. The resulting CD11c+ DCs express high levels of cDC1-specific markers such as CD141, CLEC9A, TLR3, and several DC maturation markers. Compared to alternative differentiation methods, this method generates large numbers of cDC1-like cells without the need for immortalized feeder cells and should prove useful for studying cDC1 immunobiology and clinical applications of this DC subset. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol: Generation of human CD141+CLEC9A+ dendritic cells from mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells Support Protocol: Flow cytometric immunophenotyping of CD141+ dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Swartz
- Department of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Smita K Nair
- Department of Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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16
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Rosa FF, Pires CF, Kurochkin I, Halitzki E, Zahan T, Arh N, Zimmermannová O, Ferreira AG, Li H, Karlsson S, Scheding S, Pereira CF. Single-cell transcriptional profiling informs efficient reprogramming of human somatic cells to cross-presenting dendritic cells. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabg5539. [PMID: 35245086 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abg5539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) are rare immune cells critical for the induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, although the genetic program driving human cDC1 specification remains largely unexplored. We previously identified PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 transcription factors as sufficient to induce cDC1 fate in mouse fibroblasts, but reprogramming of human somatic cells was limited by low efficiency. Here, we investigated single-cell transcriptional dynamics during human cDC1 reprogramming. Human induced cDC1s (hiDC1s) generated from embryonic fibroblasts gradually acquired a global cDC1 transcriptional profile and expressed antigen presentation signatures, whereas other DC subsets were not induced at the single-cell level during the reprogramming process. We extracted gene modules associated with successful reprogramming and identified inflammatory signaling and the cDC1-inducing transcription factor network as key drivers of the process. Combining IFN-γ, IFN-β, and TNF-α with constitutive expression of cDC1-inducing transcription factors led to improvement of reprogramming efficiency by 190-fold. hiDC1s engulfed dead cells, secreted inflammatory cytokines, and performed antigen cross-presentation, key cDC1 functions. This approach allowed efficient hiDC1 generation from adult fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells. Mechanistically, PU.1 showed dominant and independent chromatin targeting at early phases of reprogramming, recruiting IRF8 and BATF3 to shared binding sites. The cooperative binding at open enhancers and promoters led to silencing of fibroblast genes and activation of a cDC1 program. These findings provide mechanistic insights into human cDC1 specification and reprogramming and represent a platform for generating patient-tailored cDC1s, a long-sought DC subset for vaccination strategies in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio F Rosa
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.,Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cristiana F Pires
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ilia Kurochkin
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Nobel Street, Building 3, Moscow 143026, Russia
| | - Evelyn Halitzki
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tasnim Zahan
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nejc Arh
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Olga Zimmermannová
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexandra G Ferreira
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.,Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hongzhe Li
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Karlsson
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Scheding
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC B12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Hematology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Skåne, 222 42 Lund, Sweden
| | - Carlos-Filipe Pereira
- Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, BMC A12, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Largo Marquês do Pombal 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
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17
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Aulicino A, Antanaviciute A, Frost J, Sousa Geros A, Mellado E, Attar M, Jagielowicz M, Hublitz P, Sinz J, Preciado-Llanes L, Napolitani G, Bowden R, Koohy H, Drakesmith H, Simmons A. Dual RNA sequencing reveals dendritic cell reprogramming in response to typhoidal Salmonella invasion. Commun Biol 2022; 5:111. [PMID: 35121793 PMCID: PMC8816929 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica represent a major disease burden worldwide. S. enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is responsible for potentially life-threatening Typhoid fever affecting 10.9 million people annually. While non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars usually trigger self-limiting diarrhoea, invasive NTS bacteraemia is a growing public health challenge. Dendritic cells (DCs) are key professional antigen presenting cells of the human immune system. The ability of pathogenic bacteria to subvert DC functions and prevent T cell recognition contributes to their survival and dissemination within the host. Here, we adapted dual RNA-sequencing to define how different Salmonella pathovariants remodel their gene expression in tandem with that of infected DCs. We find DCs harness iron handling pathways to defend against invading Salmonellas, which S. Typhi is able to circumvent by mounting a robust response to nitrosative stress. In parallel, we uncover the alternative strategies invasive NTS employ to impair DC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aulicino
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Agne Antanaviciute
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Joe Frost
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Ana Sousa Geros
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Esther Mellado
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Moustafa Attar
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FY, UK
| | - Marta Jagielowicz
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Philip Hublitz
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Genome Engineering Facility, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Julia Sinz
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Lorena Preciado-Llanes
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Giorgio Napolitani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Rory Bowden
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Hashem Koohy
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC WIMM Centre for Computational Biology, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Hal Drakesmith
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Alison Simmons
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK.
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
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18
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Makino K, Long MD, Kajihara R, Matsueda S, Oba T, Kanehira K, Liu S, Ito F. Generation of cDC-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells via Notch signaling. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-003827. [PMID: 35101945 PMCID: PMC8804689 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dendritic cells (DCs) play critical roles in regulating the innate and adaptive immune responses, and have long been a major focus of cancer immunotherapy. Accumulating evidence suggests that conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1s) excel in cross-presentation of exogenous antigens on MHC-I molecules and induction of antitumor CD8+ T cell immunity; however, obtaining large numbers of cDC1s is difficult. The use of reprogramming and differentiation technology is advantageous for obtaining unlimited numbers of autologous cDC1s especially for therapeutic interventions where repeated vaccinations are required. However, generation of cDC1s from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) remains elusive. Methods Human iPSCs established from peripheral blood T cells and monocytes were differentiated to myeloid cells under on-feeder or feeder-free culture conditions in vitro. Phenotype, genomic and transcriptomic signature, and function of human iPSC-derived DCs were analyzed. The role of Notch signaling for the generation of HLA-DR+ cells from human iPSCs was interrogated by a loss- and gain-of-function approach. Results Flow cytometric analyses and single-cell profiling of HLA-DR+ cells revealed that human iPSCs gave rise to CD141+XCR1+CLEC9A+ cells (cDC1s), CLEC4AhiCLEC10A–CD1c+ cells (cDC2As), CLEC4AloCLEC10A+CD1c+ cells (cDC2Bs), CD163–CD5+CD1c+ cells (CD5+cDC2s), and AXL+SIGLEC6+ cells (AS-DCs) on OP9 feeder cells expressing the Notch ligand delta-like 1 (OP9-DL1) while the majority of iPSC-derived cells differentiated on OP9 cells were CD163+CD5–CD1c+ cells (DC3s) and monocytes. Plasmacytoid DCs were not differentiated from iPSCs on either OP9 or OP9-DL1 cells. Inhibition of Notch signaling during co-culture of iPSC-derived CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells with OP9-DL1 cells abrogated generation of cDC1s, cDC2As, cDC2Bs, CD5+cDC2s, and AS-DCs but increased frequency of DC3s. Notch-activated human iPSC-derived XCR1+CLEC9A+HLA-DR+CD11c+ cells exhibited similar gene expression profile with peripheral blood cDC1s. Human iPSC-derived DCs have phagocytic, T-cell proliferative, and cytokine-producing functions. Conclusions Our study demonstrates a critical role of Notch signaling in regulating developmental pathway of human cDCs. These findings provide insights into the future development of personalized treatment with unlimited numbers of autologous cDCs from human iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Makino
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mark D Long
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ryutaro Kajihara
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Satoko Matsueda
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Takaaki Oba
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA.,Department of Surgery, Shinshu University Graduate School of Medicine School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kanehira
- Department of Pathology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Fumito Ito
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA .,Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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19
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Wirsching S, Machtakova M, Borgans F, Pretsch L, Fichter M, Cacicedo ML, Thérien-Aubin H, Landfester K, Gehring S. OVA-PEG-R848 nanocapsules stimulate neonatal conventional and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:966113. [PMID: 36177449 PMCID: PMC9513203 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.966113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood mortality represents a major issue with 5. 3 million worldwide deaths of children under 5 years of age in 2019. Approximately half of those deaths can be attributed to easily preventable, infectious diseases. Currently approved neonatal vaccines are typically effective only after multiple doses leaving infants especially vulnerable during the first 6 months of life. Survival rates could be improved significantly by developing new and more potent vaccines that are capable of overcoming inherently tolerogenic neonatal immune systems. TLR agonists have garnered a great deal of attention in recent years due to their extensive capacities to activate innate immunity. Herein, the superior capacity of the TLR7/8 agonist, resiquimod (R848), to activate adult and neonatal primary peripheral blood dendritic cells is demonstrated. Moreover, R848 can be conjugated to polyethylene glycol and encapsulated in ovalbumin nanocapsules to efficiently co-deliver antigen and adjuvant in vitro. This study is among the first to demonstrate the capacity of encapsulated R848 to activate neonatal dendritic cells. These findings support the potential incorporation of R848 as adjuvant in neonatal vaccines, making them more effective in eliciting a robust immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wirsching
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Frauke Borgans
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Leah Pretsch
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Fichter
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maximiliano L Cacicedo
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Héloïse Thérien-Aubin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | - Stephan Gehring
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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20
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Kwiecień I, Rutkowska E, Raniszewska A, Rzepecki P, Domagała-Kulawik J. Modulation of the immune response by heterogeneous monocytes and dendritic cells in lung cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:966-982. [PMID: 34909393 PMCID: PMC8641004 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i11.966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Different subpopulations of monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) may have a key impact on the modulation of the immune response in malignancy. In this review, we summarize the monocyte and DCs heterogeneity and their function in the context of modulating the immune response in cancer. Subgroups of monocytes may play opposing roles in cancer, depending on the tumour growth and progression as well as the type of cancer. Monocytes can have pro-tumour and anti-tumour functions and can also differentiate into monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). MoDCs have a similar antigen presentation ability as classical DCs, including cross-priming, a process by which DCs activate CD8 T-cells by cross-presenting exogenous antigens. DCs play a critical role in generating anti-tumour CD8 T-cell immunity. DCs have plastic characteristics and show distinct phenotypes depending on their mature state and depending on the influence of the tumour microenvironment. MoDCs and other DC subsets have been attracting increased interest owing to their possible beneficial effects in cancer immunotherapy. This review also highlights key strategies deploying specific DC subpopulations in combination with other therapies to enhance the anti-tumour response and summarizes the latest ongoing and completed clinical trials using DCs in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kwiecień
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Rutkowska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Agata Raniszewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Laboratory of Hematology and Flow Cytometry, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzepecki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw 04-141, Poland
| | - Joanna Domagała-Kulawik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-091, Poland
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21
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Zhou X, Yu W, Lyu SC, Macaubas C, Bunning B, He Z, Mellins ED, Nadeau KC. A positive feedback loop reinforces the allergic immune response in human peanut allergy. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201793. [PMID: 33944900 PMCID: PMC8103542 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergies are a leading cause of anaphylaxis, and cellular mechanisms involving antigen presentation likely play key roles in their pathogenesis. However, little is known about the response of specific antigen-presenting cell (APC) subsets to food allergens in the setting of food allergies. Here, we show that in peanut-allergic humans, peanut allergen drives the differentiation of CD209+ monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and CD23+ (FcєRII) myeloid dendritic cells through the action of allergen-specific CD4+ T cells. CD209+ DCs act reciprocally on the same peanut-specific CD4+ T cell population to reinforce Th2 cytokine expression in a positive feedback loop, which may explain the persistence of established food allergy. In support of this novel model, we show clinically that the initiation of oral immunotherapy (OIT) in peanut-allergic patients is associated with a decrease in CD209+ DCs, suggesting that breaking the cycle of positive feedback is associated with therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhou
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Wong Yu
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Claudia Macaubas
- Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Bryan Bunning
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Ziyuan He
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Elizabeth D. Mellins
- Department of Pediatrics, Program in Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy & Asthma Research at Stanford University and Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, CA
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22
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Hussein YM, Hendawy DM, Alghamdy AN, Raafat N. Phenotypic and genetic evaluation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells generated from whole blood for immunotherapy. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Dendritic cells (DCs) recognize different pathogens and cancer cells and activate the adaptive immune response. The generation of effective DC-based cancer vaccines depends on the appropriate differentiation of monocytes in vitro. This study aimed to standardize a protocol for the in vitro differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes into immature DCs upon treatment with growth factors and generate monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated from peripheral blood. After monocyte enrichment by plastic adhesion, monocytes were cultured for 6 days in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4 to generate immature DCs. The cells were examined by microscopy. Using flow cytometry, DCs were evaluated for the expression of the CD83 and HLA-DR surface antigens, for the uptake of fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated dextran, and also for the expression of CD80 and CD86 mRNA.
Results
CD80 and CD86 genes expression was upregulated at day six and exhibited a significant difference (P < 0.05). DCs showed positive expression of the CD83 and HLA-DR surface antigens by flow cytometry and FITC-conjugated dextran uptake.
Conclusion
This study represents a preliminary trial to generate immature MoDCs in vitro from blood monocytes collected by the flask adherence method. It offers a panel of surface markers for DCs characterization and provides Immature DCs for experimental procedures after 6 incubation days.
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23
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Recent Progress in Dendritic Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102495. [PMID: 34065346 PMCID: PMC8161242 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer immunotherapy has now attracted much attention because of the recent success of immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, they are only beneficial in a limited fraction of patients most probably due to lack of sufficient CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes against tumor antigens in the host. In this regard, dendritic cells are useful tools to induce host immune responses against exogenous antigens. In particular, recently characterized cross-presenting dendritic cells are capable of inducing CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes against exogenous antigens such as tumor antigens and uniquely express the chemokine receptor XCR1. Here we focus on the recent progress in DC-based cancer vaccines and especially the use of the XCR1 and its ligand XCL1 axis for the targeted delivery of cancer vaccines to cross-presenting dendritic cells. Abstract Cancer immunotherapy aims to treat cancer by enhancing cancer-specific host immune responses. Recently, cancer immunotherapy has been attracting much attention because of the successful clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways. However, although highly effective in some patients, immune checkpoint inhibitors are beneficial only in a limited fraction of patients, possibly because of the lack of enough cancer-specific immune cells, especially CD8+ cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), in the host. On the other hand, studies on cancer vaccines, especially DC-based ones, have made significant progress in recent years. In particular, the identification and characterization of cross-presenting DCs have greatly advanced the strategy for the development of effective DC-based vaccines. In this review, we first summarize the surface markers and functional properties of the five major DC subsets. We then describe new approaches to induce antigen-specific CTLs by targeted delivery of antigens to cross-presenting DCs. In this context, the chemokine receptor XCR1 and its ligand XCL1, being selectively expressed by cross-presenting DCs and mainly produced by activated CD8+ T cells, respectively, provide highly promising molecular tools for this purpose. In the near future, CTL-inducing DC-based cancer vaccines may provide a new breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy alone or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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24
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dos Santos Neto AP, Maia SMAS, Leão JC, Quidute IL, dos Santos Guimarães C, Júnior SA, Álvares PR, Gomes Ribeiro MI, Silva LB. Mechanisms Involved in Apice Closure of Pulpless Teeth – Literature Review. Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Unfinished root formation has always offered challenges in endodontics due to technical difficulties and weakened teeth resistance during the lifetime of an individual. Pulp revascularization therapy appeared as a solution for apical closure and root maturation. The existence of oral stem cells involved in the process associated with traditional resident cells requires adequate blood supply given by induced controlled injury deliberately accomplished into the periapical zone.
Objective:
The aim of this work was to research, through literature review, the main mechanisms involved in the process of apical closure through the technique of pulp revascularization.
Conclusion:
Apice closure in pulpless teeth seems to happen as a result of professional intervention and biological activity. The success rate depends on the role of traditional local immune cells and stem cells associated with adequate blood supply to finish root formation.
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25
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Sutherland SIM, Ju X, Horvath LG, Clark GJ. Moving on From Sipuleucel-T: New Dendritic Cell Vaccine Strategies for Prostate Cancer. Front Immunol 2021; 12:641307. [PMID: 33854509 PMCID: PMC8039370 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.641307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors evade the immune system though a myriad of mechanisms. Using checkpoint inhibitors to help reprime T cells to recognize tumor has had great success in malignancies including melanoma, lung, and renal cell carcinoma. Many tumors including prostate cancer are resistant to such treatment. However, Sipuleucel-T, a dendritic cell (DC) based immunotherapy, improved overall survival (OS) in prostate cancer. Despite this initial success, further DC vaccines have failed to progress and there has been limited uptake of Sipuleucel-T in the clinic. We know in prostate cancer (PCa) that both the adaptive and the innate arms of the immune system contribute to the immunosuppressive environment. This is at least in part due to dysfunction of DC that play a crucial role in the initiation of an immune response. We also know that there is a paucity of DC in PCa, and that those there are immature, creating a tolerogenic environment. These attributes make PCa a good candidate for a DC based immunotherapy. Ultimately, the knowledge gained by much research into antigen processing and presentation needs to translate from bench to bedside. In this review we will analyze why newer vaccine strategies using monocyte derived DC (MoDC) have failed to deliver clinical benefit, particularly in PCa, and highlight the emerging antigen loading and presentation technologies such as nanoparticles, antibody-antigen conjugates and virus co-delivery systems that can be used to improve efficacy. Lastly, we will assess combination strategies that can help overcome the immunosuppressive microenvironment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah I. M. Sutherland
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Xinsheng Ju
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L. G. Horvath
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina J. Clark
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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26
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Su Y, Tsagkozis P, Papakonstantinou A, Tobin NP, Gultekin O, Malmerfelt A, Ingelshed K, Neo SY, Lundquist J, Chaabane W, Nisancioglu MH, Leiss LW, Östman A, Bergh J, Sedimbi S, Lehti K, Lundqvist A, Stragliotto CL, Haglund F, Ehnman M. CD11c-CD8 Spatial Cross Presentation: A Novel Approach to Link Immune Surveillance and Patient Survival in Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051175. [PMID: 33803245 PMCID: PMC7967210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint inhibitors are slowly being introduced in the care of specific sarcoma subtypes such as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, and angiosarcoma even though formal indication is lacking. Proper biomarkers to unravel potential immune reactivity in the tumor microenvironment are therefore expected to be highly warranted. In this study, intratumoral spatial cross presentation was investigated as a novel concept where immune cell composition in the tumor microenvironment was suggested to act as a proxy for immune surveillance. Double immunohistochemistry revealed a prognostic role of direct spatial interactions between CD11c+ antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and CD8+ cells in contrast to each marker alone in a soft tissue sarcoma (STS) cohort of 177 patients from the Karolinska University Hospital (MFS p = 0.048, OS p = 0.025). The survival benefit was verified in multivariable analysis (MFS p = 0.012, OS p = 0.004). Transcriptomics performed in the TCGA sarcoma cohort confirmed the prognostic value of combining CD11c with CD8 (259 patients, p = 0.005), irrespective of FOXP3 levels and in a CD274 (PD-LI)-rich tumor microenvironment. Altogether, this study presents a histopathological approach to link immune surveillance and patient survival in STS. Notably, spatial cross presentation as a prognostic marker is distinct from therapy response-predictive biomarkers such as immune checkpoint molecules of the PD-L1/PD1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Su
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Panagiotis Tsagkozis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Muskuloskeletal Tumor Service, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Andri Papakonstantinou
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
- Department of Breast Cancer, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Nicholas P. Tobin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Okan Gultekin
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; (O.G.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (K.L.)
| | - Anna Malmerfelt
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Katrine Ingelshed
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; (O.G.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (K.L.)
| | - Shi Yong Neo
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Johanna Lundquist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Wiem Chaabane
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Maya H. Nisancioglu
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Lina W. Leiss
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Arne Östman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Jonas Bergh
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
- Department of Breast Cancer, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Saikiran Sedimbi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; (O.G.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (K.L.)
| | - Kaisa Lehti
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; (O.G.); (K.I.); (S.S.); (K.L.)
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andreas Lundqvist
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
| | - Christina L. Stragliotto
- Department of Breast Cancer, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Felix Haglund
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monika Ehnman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, BioClinicum J6:20, Visionsgatan 4, 171 64 Solna, Sweden; (Y.S.); (A.P.); (N.P.T.); (A.M.); (S.Y.N.); (J.L.); (W.C.); (M.H.N.); (L.W.L.); (A.Ö.); (J.B.); (A.L.); (F.H.)
- Correspondence:
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Ge C, Zhu X, Niu X, Zhang B, Chen L. A transcriptome profile in gallbladder cancer based on annotation analysis of microarray studies. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:25. [PMID: 33179115 PMCID: PMC7673323 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to identify aberrantly expressed genes for gallbladder cancer based on the annotation analysis of microarray studies and to explore their potential functions. Differential gene expression was investigated in cholesterol polyps, gallbladder adenoma and gallbladder cancer using microarrays. Subsequently, microarray results were comprehensively analyzed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to determine the affected biological processes or pathways. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of cholesterol polyps, gallbladder adenoma and gallbladder cancer were identified. Following comprehensive analysis, 14 genes were found to be differentially expressed in the gallbladder wall of both gallbladder cancer and gallbladder adenoma. The 20 most significantly upregulated genes were only upregulated in the gallbladder wall of gallbladder cancer, but not in the gallbladder wall of cholesterol polyps and gallbladder adenoma. In addition, 182 DEGs were upregulated in the gallbladder wall of gallbladder adenoma compared with the gallbladder wall of cholesterol polyps. A total of 20 most significant DEGs were found in both the tumor and gallbladder wall of gallbladder cancer. In addition, the most significant DEGs that were identified were only upregulated in the tumor of gallbladder cancer. GO and KEGG analysis indicated that the aforementioned DEGs could participate in numerous biological processes or pathways associated with the development of gallbladder cancer. The present findings will help improve the current understanding of tumorigenesis and the development of gallbladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Ge
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Xing Niu
- Department of Second Clinical College, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Bingye Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Lijie Chen
- Department of Second Clinical College, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Harari A, Graciotti M, Bassani-Sternberg M, Kandalaft LE. Antitumour dendritic cell vaccination in a priming and boosting approach. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:635-652. [PMID: 32764681 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mobilizing antitumour immunity through vaccination potentially constitutes a powerful anticancer strategy but has not yet provided robust clinical benefits in large patient populations. Although major hurdles still exist, we believe that currently available strategies for vaccines that target dendritic cells or use them to present antitumour antigens could be integrated into existing clinical practice using prime-boost approaches. In the priming phase, these approaches capitalize on either standard treatment modalities to trigger in situ vaccination and release tumour antigens or vaccination with dendritic cells loaded with tumour lysates or patient-specific neoantigens. In a second boost phase, personalized synthetic vaccines specifically boost T cells that were triggered during the priming phase. This immunotherapy approach has been enabled by the substantial recent improvements in dendritic cell vaccines. In this Perspective, we discuss these improvements, highlight how the prime-boost approach can be translated into clinical practice and provide solutions for various anticipated hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Harari
- Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Graciotti
- Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michal Bassani-Sternberg
- Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Center of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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A Canine-Directed Chimeric Multi-Epitope Vaccine Induced Protective Immune Responses in BALB/c Mice Infected with Leishmania infantum. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030350. [PMID: 32629975 PMCID: PMC7563305 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniases are complex vector-borne diseases caused by intracellular parasites of the genus Leishmania. The visceral form of the disease affects both humans and canids in tropical, subtropical, and Mediterranean regions. One health approach has suggested that controlling zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (ZVL) could have an impact on the reduction of the human incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Despite the fact that a preventive vaccination could help with leishmaniasis elimination, effective vaccines that are able to elicit protective immune responses are currently lacking. In the present study, we designed a chimeric multi-epitope protein composed of multiple CD8+ and CD4+ T cell epitopes which were obtained from six highly immunogenic proteins previously identified by an immunoproteomics approach, and the N-termini of the heparin-binding hemagglutinin (HBHA) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis served as an adjuvant. A preclinical evaluation of the candidate vaccine in BALB/c mice showed that when it was given along with the adjuvant Addavax it was able to induce strong immune responses. Cellular responses were dominated by the presence of central and effector multifunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T memory cells. Importantly, the vaccination reduced the parasite burden in both short-term and long-term vaccinated mice challenged with Leishmania infantum. Protection was characterized by the continuing presence of IFN-γ+TNFα+-producing CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and increased NO levels. The depletion of CD8+ T cells in short-term vaccinated mice conferred a significant loss of protection in both target organs of the parasite, indicating a significant involvement of this population in the protection against L. infantum challenge. Thus, the overall data could be considered to be a proof-of-concept that the design of efficacious T cell vaccines with the help of reverse vaccinology approaches is possible.
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 6 Is Secreted in Extracellular Vesicles upon Hyperthermia and Oxidative Stress in Dendritic Cells But Not in Monocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124428. [PMID: 32580339 PMCID: PMC7352465 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP-6) has been shown to play a putative role in the immune system, as monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs) are stimulated by hyperthermia to express IGFBP-6 at both the mRNA and protein levels. However, the presence of IGFBP-6 in extracellular vesicles (EVs) and whether other pro-inflammatory stimuli can induce IGFBP-6 expression in Mo-DCs are not known yet. In this brief report, we show that hyperthermia (39 °C) induces IGFBP-6 secretion associated with microvesicles and exosomes as early as 3 h. Moreover, free IGFBP-6 is found in conditioned media (CM) of hyperthermia- and H2O2-treated Mo-DCs, but not in CM obtained from monocytes similarly treated. These results show that diverse inflammatory stimuli can induce IGFBP-6 association with EVs and secretion in conditioned medium, indicating a role for IGFBP-6 in communication between immune cells.
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Roy S, Sethi TK, Taylor D, Kim YJ, Johnson DB. Breakthrough concepts in immune-oncology: Cancer vaccines at the bedside. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1455-1489. [PMID: 32557857 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5bt0420-585rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical approval of the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) agents for multiple cancer types has reinvigorated the long-standing work on cancer vaccines. In the pre-ICB era, clinical efforts focused on the Ag, the adjuvants, the formulation, and the mode of delivery. These translational efforts on therapeutic vaccines range from cell-based (e.g., dendritic cells vaccine Sipuleucel-T) to DNA/RNA-based platforms with various formulations (liposome), vectors (Listeria monocytogenes), or modes of delivery (intratumoral, gene gun, etc.). Despite promising preclinical results, cancer vaccine trials without ICB have historically shown little clinical activity. With the anticipation and expansion of combinatorial immunotherapeutic trials with ICB, the cancer vaccine field has entered the personalized medicine arena with recent advances in immunogenic neoantigen-based vaccines. In this article, we review the literature to organize the different cancer vaccines in the clinical space, and we will discuss their advantages, limits, and recent progress to overcome their challenges. Furthermore, we will also discuss recent preclinical advances and clinical strategies to combine vaccines with checkpoint blockade to improve therapeutic outcome and present a translational perspective on future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Roy
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tarsheen K Sethi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David Taylor
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Young J Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Douglas B Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Li X, Zhou L, Gu Y, Chen L, Gu L, Huang Y. Quantative HBsAg level correlates dendritic cells maturation in chronic hepatitis B patients. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:321-328. [PMID: 31451414 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to better understand the role of Dendritic cells (DCs) in Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB), we investigated the frequencies and maturation markers on DCs in CHB patients and its change during entecavir treatment. METHODS Twenty-six CHB patients on anti-virus treatment for 48 weeks were included in this study. Patients' blood samples were collected on every 3 months since starting treatment. Samples on baseline and after 48 weeks treatment were examined using flow-cytometry to investigate frequencies and maturation markers of DCs. RESULTS The frequencies of myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) were lower in CHB patients than healthy controls on baseline. pDCs frequencies and mDCs maturation markers expression were increased after entecavir (ETV) treatment. Patients with higher baseline HBsAg levels showed a poorer maturation status than those with low baseline HBsAg levels, regardless of changes in HBsAg levels after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Entecavir treatment could restore the decreased DCs frequencies in CHB patients and improve DCs maturation levels. Baseline HBsAg level is an important factor that affecting DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yurong Gu
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lubiao Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehua Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Cauwels A, Tavernier J. Tolerizing Strategies for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases: From ex vivo to in vivo Strategies. Front Immunol 2020; 11:674. [PMID: 32477325 PMCID: PMC7241419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), type I diabetes (T1D), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic, incurable, incapacitating and at times even lethal conditions. Worldwide, millions of people are affected, predominantly women, and their number is steadily increasing. Currently, autoimmune patients require lifelong immunosuppressive therapy, often accompanied by severe adverse side effects and risks. Targeting the fundamental cause of autoimmunity, which is the loss of tolerance to self- or innocuous antigens, may be achieved via various mechanisms. Recently, tolerance-inducing cellular therapies, such as tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), have gained considerable interest. Their safety has already been evaluated in patients with MS, arthritis, T1D, and Crohn’s disease, and clinical trials are underway to confirm their safety and therapeutic potential. Cell-based therapies are inevitably expensive and time-consuming, requiring laborious ex vivo manufacturing. Therefore, direct in vivo targeting of tolerogenic cell types offers an attractive alternative, and several strategies are being explored. Type I IFN was the first disease-modifying therapy approved for MS patients, and approaches to endogenously induce IFN in autoimmune diseases are being pursued vigorously. We here review and discuss tolerogenic cellular therapies and targeted in vivo tolerance approaches and propose a novel strategy for cell-specific delivery of type I IFN signaling to a cell type of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anje Cauwels
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Tavernier
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Orionis Biosciences, Ghent, Belgium
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IRF5 Promotes Influenza Virus-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Myeloid Cells and Murine Models. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.00121-20. [PMID: 32075938 PMCID: PMC7163152 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00121-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response to influenza A virus (IAV) participates in infection control but contributes to disease severity. After viral detection, intracellular pathways are activated, initiating cytokine production, but these pathways are incompletely understood. We show that interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) mediates IAV-induced inflammation and, in mice, drives pathology. This was independent of antiviral type 1 IFN and virus replication, implying that IRF5 could be specifically targeted to treat influenza virus-induced inflammation. We show for the first time that human iPSC technology can be exploited in genetic studies of virus-induced immune responses. Using this technology, we deleted IRF5 in human myeloid cells. These IRF5-deficient cells exhibited impaired influenza virus-induced cytokine production and revealed that IRF5 acts downstream of Toll-like receptor 7 and possibly retinoic acid-inducible gene I. Our data demonstrate the importance of IRF5 in influenza virus-induced inflammation, suggesting that genetic variation in the IRF5 gene may influence host susceptibility to viral diseases. Recognition of influenza A virus (IAV) by the innate immune system triggers pathways that restrict viral replication, activate innate immune cells, and regulate adaptive immunity. However, excessive innate immune activation can exaggerate disease. The pathways promoting excessive activation are incompletely understood, with limited experimental models to investigate the mechanisms driving influenza virus-induced inflammation in humans. Interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is a transcription factor that plays important roles in the induction of cytokines after viral sensing. In an in vivo model of IAV infection, IRF5 deficiency reduced IAV-driven immune pathology and associated inflammatory cytokine production, specifically reducing cytokine-producing myeloid cell populations in Irf5−/− mice but not impacting type 1 interferon (IFN) production or virus replication. Using cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF), we identified that human lung IRF5 expression was highest in cells of the myeloid lineage. To investigate the role of IRF5 in mediating human inflammatory responses by myeloid cells to IAV, we employed human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSCs) with biallelic mutations in IRF5, demonstrating for the first time that induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dendritic cells (iPS-DCs) with biallelic mutations can be used to investigate the regulation of human virus-induced immune responses. Using this technology, we reveal that IRF5 deficiency in human DCs, or macrophages, corresponded with reduced virus-induced inflammatory cytokine production, with IRF5 acting downstream of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and, possibly, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) after viral sensing. Thus, IRF5 acts as a regulator of myeloid cell inflammatory cytokine production during IAV infection in mice and humans and drives immune-mediated viral pathogenesis independently of type 1 IFN and virus replication. IMPORTANCE The inflammatory response to influenza A virus (IAV) participates in infection control but contributes to disease severity. After viral detection, intracellular pathways are activated, initiating cytokine production, but these pathways are incompletely understood. We show that interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) mediates IAV-induced inflammation and, in mice, drives pathology. This was independent of antiviral type 1 IFN and virus replication, implying that IRF5 could be specifically targeted to treat influenza virus-induced inflammation. We show for the first time that human iPSC technology can be exploited in genetic studies of virus-induced immune responses. Using this technology, we deleted IRF5 in human myeloid cells. These IRF5-deficient cells exhibited impaired influenza virus-induced cytokine production and revealed that IRF5 acts downstream of Toll-like receptor 7 and possibly retinoic acid-inducible gene I. Our data demonstrate the importance of IRF5 in influenza virus-induced inflammation, suggesting that genetic variation in the IRF5 gene may influence host susceptibility to viral diseases.
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Ni X, Austin M, Langridge T, Bojaxhi P, Bijani P, Wang X, Duvic M. CD209 + monocyte-derived myeloid dendritic cells were increased in patients with leukemic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma undergoing extracorporeal photopheresis via the CELLEX TM system. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2020; 36:290-298. [PMID: 32187738 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE We previously reported that myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) were increased in patients with leukemic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (L-CTCL) following extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) using the Therakos UVAR XTS™ system. We now assessed monocyte-derived mDCs (Mo-DCs) in L-CTCL patients treated with the CELLEXTM photopheresis system. CD209, a transmembrane receptor, was used to define Mo-DCs. METHODS Peripheral blood samples from baseline pre-ECP and at Day 2, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months post-ECP were analyzed by flow cytometry for Lin- HLA-DR+ CD123+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), Lin- HLA-DR+ CD11c+ mDCs, and CD209+ mDCs. The expression of CD209 mRNA was assessed by real-time PCR. RESULTS At baseline, 7 of 19 patients had lower than normal mDCs, and all patients had lower than normal CD209+ mDCs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (0.005% in patients, n = 19, vs 0.50% in healthy donors, n = 7, P < .0001). The CD209+ mDC numbers only accounted for 3.28% out of total mDCs in patients compared with 66.51% in healthy donors. After treatment, the CD209+ mDC numbers showed increasing trends in patients. The average absolute numbers of CD209+ mDCs went up by 4.8-fold at 3 months (n = 10, P = .103) and by 6.4-fold at 6 months (n = 9, P = .100). CD209 mRNA expression went up in two patients responsive to therapy, parallel to CD209+ mDC numbers. L-CTCL patients achieved 70% overall clinical response rate (7/10) following ECP therapy with the CELLEXTM system. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the CELLEXTM photopheresis system is effective for treating L-CTCL patients like the UVAR XTS™ system, and in vivo-generated Mo-DCs increase following ECP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ni
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Austin
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Timothy Langridge
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pierr Bojaxhi
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pedram Bijani
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Madeleine Duvic
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Wei BM, Hanlon D, Khalil D, Han P, Tatsuno K, Sobolev O, Edelson RL. Extracorporeal Photochemotherapy: Mechanistic Insights Driving Recent Advances and Future Directions. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 93:145-159. [PMID: 32226344 PMCID: PMC7087063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells, necessary for the initiation and maintenance of antigen-specific immunity and tolerance. Decades of research have been driven by hopes to harness the immunological capabilities of DCs and achieve physiological partnership with the immune system for therapeutic ends. Potential applications for DC-based immunotherapy include treatments for cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. However, DCs have poor availability in peripheral and lymphoid tissues and have poor survivability in culture, leading to the development of multiple strategies to generate and manipulate large numbers of DCs ex vivo. Among these is Extracorporeal Photopheresis (ECP), a widely used cancer immunotherapy. Recent advancements have uncovered that stimulation of monocyte-to-DC maturation via physiologic inflammatory signaling lies at the mechanistic core of ECP. Here, we describe the landscape of DC-based immunotherapy, the historical context of ECP, the current mechanistic understanding of ex vivo monocyte-to-DC maturation in ECP, and the implications of this understanding on making scientifically driven improvements to modern ECP protocols and devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Douglas Hanlon
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - David Khalil
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Patrick Han
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Kazuki Tatsuno
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Olga Sobolev
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Richard L. Edelson
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT,To whom all correspondence should be addressed: Richard L. Edelson, MD, PO Box 208059, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT, 06520-8059; Tel: 203-785-4092, Fax: 203-737-5318,
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Han P, Hanlon D, Arshad N, Lee JS, Tatsuno K, Robinson E, Filler R, Sobolev O, Cote C, Rivera-Molina F, Toomre D, Fahmy T, Edelson R. Platelet P-selectin initiates cross-presentation and dendritic cell differentiation in blood monocytes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaz1580. [PMID: 32195350 PMCID: PMC7065880 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are adept at cross-presentation and initiation of antigen-specific immunity. Clinically, however, DCs produced by in vitro differentiation of monocytes in the presence of exogenous cytokines have been met with limited success. We hypothesized that DCs produced in a physiological manner may be more effective and found that platelets activate a cross-presentation program in peripheral blood monocytes with rapid (18 hours) maturation into physiological DCs (phDCs). Differentiation of monocytes into phDCs was concomitant with the formation of an "adhesion synapse," a biophysical junction enriched with platelet P-selectin and monocyte P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1, followed by intracellular calcium fluxing and nuclear localization of nuclear factor κB. phDCs were more efficient than cytokine-derived DCs in generating tumor-specific T cell immunity. Our findings demonstrate that platelets mediate a cytokine-independent, physiologic maturation of DC and suggest a novel strategy for DC-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Han
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Douglas Hanlon
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Najla Arshad
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jung Seok Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Kazuki Tatsuno
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Eve Robinson
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Renata Filler
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Olga Sobolev
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Christine Cote
- Yale Flow Cytometry Facility, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Felix Rivera-Molina
- Yale CINEMA Lab, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Derek Toomre
- Yale CINEMA Lab, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Tarek Fahmy
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Corresponding author. (T.F.); (R.E.)
| | - Richard Edelson
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Corresponding author. (T.F.); (R.E.)
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The anti-inflammatory potential of cefazolin as common gamma chain cytokine inhibitor. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2886. [PMID: 32076052 PMCID: PMC7031511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59798-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A continuing quest for specific inhibitors of proinflammatory cytokines brings promise for effective therapies designed for inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Cefazolin, a safe, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, has been recently shown to specifically interact with interleukin 15 (IL-15) receptor subunit α (IL-15Rα) and to inhibit IL-15-dependent TNF-α and IL-17 synthesis. The aim of this study was to elucidate cefazolin activity against IL-2, IL-4, IL-15 and IL-21, i.e. four cytokines sharing the common cytokine receptor γ chain (γc). In silico, molecular docking unveiled two potential cefazolin binding sites within the IL-2/IL-15Rβ subunit and two within the γc subunit. In vitro, cefazolin decreased proliferation of PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) following IL-2, IL-4 and IL-15 stimulation, reduced production of IFN-γ, IL-17 and TNF-α in IL-2- and IL-15-treated PBMC and in IL-15 stimulated natural killer (NK) cells, attenuated IL-4-dependent expression of CD11c in monocyte-derived dendritic cells and suppressed phosphorylation of JAK3 in response to IL-2 and IL-15 in PBMC, to IL-4 in TF-1 (erythroleukemic cell line) and to IL-21 in NK-92 (NK cell line). The results of the study suggest that cefazolin may exert inhibitory activity against all of the γc receptor-dependent cytokines, i.e. IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15 and IL-21.
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39
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Abadir E, Gasiorowski RE, Silveira PA, Larsen S, Clark GJ. Is Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Required to Unleash the Full Potential of Immunotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia? J Clin Med 2020; 9:E554. [PMID: 32085578 PMCID: PMC7073661 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
From monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells, immunotherapies have enhanced the efficacy of treatments against B cell malignancies. The same has not been true for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Hematologic toxicity has limited the potential of modern immunotherapies for AML at preclinical and clinical levels. Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin has demonstrated hematologic toxicity, but the challenge of preserving normal hematopoiesis has become more apparent with the development of increasingly potent immunotherapies. To date, no single surface molecule has been identified that is able to differentiate AML from Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells (HSPC). Attempts have been made to spare hematopoiesis by targeting molecules expressed only on later myeloid progenitors as well as AML or using toxins that selectively kill AML over HSPC. Other strategies include targeting aberrantly expressed lymphoid molecules or only targeting monocyte-associated proteins in AML with monocytic differentiation. Recently, some groups have accepted that stem cell transplantation is required to access potent AML immunotherapy and envision it as a rescue to avoid severe hematologic toxicity. Whether it will ever be possible to differentiate AML from HSPC using surface molecules is unclear. Unless true specific AML surface targets are discovered, stem cell transplantation could be required to harness the true potential of immunotherapy in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Abadir
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord 2139, NSW, Australia;
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, NSW, Australia;
- The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2039, NSW, Australia;
| | - Robin E. Gasiorowski
- The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2039, NSW, Australia;
- Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation and General Hospital, Concord 2039, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo A. Silveira
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord 2139, NSW, Australia;
- The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2039, NSW, Australia;
| | - Stephen Larsen
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown 2050, NSW, Australia;
- The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2039, NSW, Australia;
| | - Georgina J. Clark
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord 2139, NSW, Australia;
- The University of Sydney, Camperdown 2039, NSW, Australia;
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40
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Perez CR, De Palma M. Engineering dendritic cell vaccines to improve cancer immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5408. [PMID: 31776331 PMCID: PMC6881351 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
At the interface between the innate and adaptive immune system, dendritic cells (DCs) play key roles in tumour immunity and hold a hitherto unrealized potential for cancer immunotherapy. Here we review the role of distinct DC subsets in the tumour microenvironment, with special emphasis on conventional type 1 DCs. Integrating new knowledge of DC biology and advancements in cell engineering, we provide a blueprint for the rational design of optimized DC vaccines for personalized cancer medicine. Dendritic cells (DCs) have been explored as a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy. In this Perspective, the authors discuss the different types of DCs and their therapeutic potential in the context of vaccines for personalized cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb R Perez
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele De Palma
- Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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41
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Han P, Hanlon D, Sobolev O, Chaudhury R, Edelson RL. Ex vivo dendritic cell generation-A critical comparison of current approaches. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 349:251-307. [PMID: 31759433 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells, required for the initiation of naïve and memory T cell responses and regulation of adaptive immunity. The discovery of DCs in 1973, which culminated in the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2011 for Ralph Steinman and colleagues, initially focused on the identification of adherent mononuclear cell fractions with uniquely stellate dendritic morphology, followed by key discoveries of their critical immunologic role in initiating and maintaining antigen-specific immunity and tolerance. The medical promise of marshaling these key capabilities of DCs for therapeutic modulation of antigen-specific immune responses has guided decades of research in hopes to achieve genuine physiologic partnership with the immune system. The potential uses of DCs in immunotherapeutic applications include cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune disorders; thus, methods for rapid and reliable large-scale production of DCs have been of great academic and clinical interest. However, difficulties in obtaining DCs from lymphoid and peripheral tissues, low numbers and poor survival in culture, have led to advancements in ex vivo production of DCs, both for probing molecular details of DC function as well as for experimenting with their clinical utility. Here, we review the development of a diverse array of DC production methodologies, ranging from cytokine-based strategies to genetic engineering tools devised for enhancing DC-specific immunologic functions. Further, we explore the current state of DC therapies in clinic, as well as emerging insights into physiologic production of DCs inspired by existing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Han
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Douglas Hanlon
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Olga Sobolev
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rabib Chaudhury
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Richard L Edelson
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
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42
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Hirako IC, Assis PA, Galvão-Filho B, Luster AD, Antonelli LR, Gazzinelli RT. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells in malaria. Curr Opin Microbiol 2019; 52:139-150. [PMID: 31542508 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of malaria is a multifactorial syndrome associated with a deleterious inflammatory response that is responsible for many of the clinical manifestations. While dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in initiating acquired immunity and host resistance to infection, they also play a pathogenic role in inflammatory diseases. In our recent studies, we found in different rodent malaria models that the monocyte-derived DCs (MO-DCs) become, transiently, a main DC population in spleens and inflamed non-lymphoid organs. These studies suggest that acute infection with Plasmodium berghei promotes the differentiation of splenic monocytes into inflammatory monocytes (iMOs) and thereafter into MO-DCs that play a pathogenic role by promoting inflammation and tissue damage. The recruitment of MO-DCs to the lungs and brain are dependent on expression of CCR4 and CCR5, respectively, and expression of respective chemokine ligands in each organ. Once they reach the target organ the MO-DCs produce the CXCR3 ligands (CXCL9 and CXCL10), recruit CD8+ T cells, and produce toxic metabolites that play an important role in the development of experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella C Hirako
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Minas, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; University of Massachusetts Medical School, 01605 Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Patrícia A Assis
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, 01605 Worcester, MA, United States
| | | | - Andrew D Luster
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lis Rv Antonelli
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Minas, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo T Gazzinelli
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz - Minas, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; University of Massachusetts Medical School, 01605 Worcester, MA, United States; Plataforma de Medicina Translacional, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 14049-900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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43
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Balan S, Saxena M, Bhardwaj N. Dendritic cell subsets and locations. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 348:1-68. [PMID: 31810551 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are a unique class of immune cells that act as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. The discovery of DCs by Cohen and Steinman in 1973 laid the foundation for DC biology, and the advances in the field identified different versions of DCs with unique properties and functions. DCs originate from hematopoietic stem cells, and their differentiation is modulated by Flt3L. They are professional antigen-presenting cells that patrol the environmental interphase, sites of infection, or infiltrate pathological tissues looking for antigens that can be used to activate effector cells. DCs are critical for the initiation of the cellular and humoral immune response and protection from infectious diseases or tumors. DCs can take up antigens using specialized surface receptors such as endocytosis receptors, phagocytosis receptors, and C type lectin receptors. Moreover, DCs are equipped with an array of extracellular and intracellular pattern recognition receptors for sensing different danger signals. Upon sensing the danger signals, DCs get activated, upregulate costimulatory molecules, produce various cytokines and chemokines, take up antigen and process it and migrate to lymph nodes where they present antigens to both CD8 and CD4 T cells. DCs are classified into different subsets based on an integrated approach considering their surface phenotype, expression of unique and conserved molecules, ontogeny, and functions. They can be broadly classified as conventional DCs consisting of two subsets (DC1 and DC2), plasmacytoid DCs, inflammatory DCs, and Langerhans cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekumar Balan
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Mansi Saxena
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nina Bhardwaj
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, United States
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44
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Mastelic-Gavillet B, Balint K, Boudousquie C, Gannon PO, Kandalaft LE. Personalized Dendritic Cell Vaccines-Recent Breakthroughs and Encouraging Clinical Results. Front Immunol 2019; 10:766. [PMID: 31031762 PMCID: PMC6470191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of combined immunotherapies, personalized dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination could integrate the current standard of care for the treatment of a large variety of tumors. Due to their proficiency at antigen presentation, DC are key coordinators of the innate and adaptive immune system, and have critical roles in the induction of antitumor immunity. However, despite proven immunogenicity and favorable safety profiles, DC-based immunotherapies have not succeeded at inducing significant objective clinical responses. Emerging data suggest that the combination of DC-based vaccination with other cancer therapies may fully unleash the potential of DC-based cancer vaccines and improve patient survival. In this review, we discuss the recent efforts to develop innovative personalized DC-based vaccines and their use in combined therapies, with a particular focus on ovarian cancer and the promising results of mutanome-based personalized immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatris Mastelic-Gavillet
- Department of Oncology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Klara Balint
- Department of Oncology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Boudousquie
- Department of Oncology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe O Gannon
- Department of Oncology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lana E Kandalaft
- Department of Oncology, Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Ludwig Center for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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45
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Efficient oral vaccination by bioengineering virus-like particles with protozoan surface proteins. Nat Commun 2019; 10:361. [PMID: 30664644 PMCID: PMC6341118 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal and free-living protozoa, such as Giardia lamblia, express a dense coat of variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs) on trophozoites that protects the parasite inside the host’s intestine. Here we show that VSPs not only are resistant to proteolytic digestion and extreme pH and temperatures but also stimulate host innate immune responses in a TLR-4 dependent manner. We show that these properties can be exploited to both protect and adjuvant vaccine antigens for oral administration. Chimeric Virus-like Particles (VLPs) decorated with VSPs and expressing model surface antigens, such as influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), are protected from degradation and activate antigen presenting cells in vitro. Orally administered VSP-pseudotyped VLPs, but not plain VLPs, generate robust immune responses that protect mice from influenza infection and HA-expressing tumors. This versatile vaccine platform has the attributes to meet the ultimate challenge of generating safe, stable and efficient oral vaccines. Giardia lamblia express a dense coat of variant-specific surface proteins (VSPs) on trophozoites that protects the parasite inside the host´s intestine. Here the authors show that stability and immunomodulatory properties of VSPs can be exploited to both protect and adjuvant vaccine antigens for oral administration.
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46
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Wu L, Zhang H, Jiang Y, Gallo RC, Cheng H. Induction of antitumor cytotoxic lymphocytes using engineered human primary blood dendritic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E4453-E4462. [PMID: 29674449 PMCID: PMC5948994 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1800550115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer immunotherapy has achieved modest clinical benefits, but several technical hurdles in DC preparation, activation, and cancer/testis antigen (CTA) delivery limit its broad applications. Here, we report the development of immortalized and constitutively activated human primary blood dendritic cell lines (ihv-DCs). The ihv-DCs are a subset of CD11c+/CD205+ DCs that constitutively display costimulatory molecules. The ihv-DCs can be genetically modified to express human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) or the testis antigen MAGEA3 in generating CTA-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). In an autologous setting, the HLA-A2+ ihv-DCs that present hTERT antigen prime autologous T cells to generate hTERT-specific CTLs, inducing cytolysis of hTERT-expressing target cells in an HLA-A2-restricted manner. Remarkably, ihv-DCs that carry two allogeneic HLA-DRB1 alleles are able to prime autologous T cells to proliferate robustly in generating HLA-A2-restricted, hTERT-specific CTLs. The ihv-DCs, which are engineered to express MAGEA3 and high levels of 4-1BBL and MICA, induce simultaneous production of both HLA-A2-restricted, MAGEA3-specific CTLs and NK cells from HLA-A2+ donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes suppress lung metastasis of A549/A2.1 lung cancer cells in NSG mice. Both CTLs and NK cells are found to infiltrate lung as well as lymphoid tissues, mimicking the in vivo trafficking patterns of cytotoxic lymphocytes. This approach should facilitate the development of cell-based immunotherapy for human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Huan Zhang
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Yixing Jiang
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Robert C Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201;
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Hua Cheng
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201;
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201
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47
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Collin M, Bigley V. Human dendritic cell subsets: an update. Immunology 2018; 154:3-20. [PMID: 29313948 PMCID: PMC5904714 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 789] [Impact Index Per Article: 131.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) are a class of bone-marrow-derived cells arising from lympho-myeloid haematopoiesis that form an essential interface between the innate sensing of pathogens and the activation of adaptive immunity. This task requires a wide range of mechanisms and responses, which are divided between three major DC subsets: plasmacytoid DC (pDC), myeloid/conventional DC1 (cDC1) and myeloid/conventional DC2 (cDC2). Each DC subset develops under the control of a specific repertoire of transcription factors involving differential levels of IRF8 and IRF4 in collaboration with PU.1, ID2, E2-2, ZEB2, KLF4, IKZF1 and BATF3. DC haematopoiesis is conserved between mammalian species and is distinct from monocyte development. Although monocytes can differentiate into DC, especially during inflammation, most quiescent tissues contain significant resident populations of DC lineage cells. An extended range of surface markers facilitates the identification of specific DC subsets although it remains difficult to dissociate cDC2 from monocyte-derived DC in some settings. Recent studies based on an increasing level of resolution of phenotype and gene expression have identified pre-DC in human blood and heterogeneity among cDC2. These advances facilitate the integration of mouse and human immunology, support efforts to unravel human DC function in vivo and continue to present new translational opportunities to medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Collin
- Human Dendritic Cell LabInstitute of Cellular Medicine and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Venetia Bigley
- Human Dendritic Cell LabInstitute of Cellular Medicine and NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
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48
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Hsu JL, Bryant CE, Papadimitrious MS, Kong B, Gasiorowski RE, Orellana D, McGuire HM, Groth BFDS, Joshua DE, Ho PJ, Larsen S, Iland HJ, Gibson J, Clark GJ, Fromm PD, Hart DN. A blood dendritic cell vaccine for acute myeloid leukemia expands anti-tumor T cell responses at remission. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1419114. [PMID: 29632738 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1419114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Only modest advances in AML therapy have occurred in the past decade and relapse due to residual disease remains the major challenge. The potential of the immune system to address this is evident in the success of allogeneic transplantation, however this leads to considerable morbidity. Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination can generate leukemia-specific autologous immunity with little toxicity. Promising results have been achieved with vaccines developed in vitro from purified monocytes (Mo-DC). We now demonstrate that blood DC (BDC) have superior function to Mo-DC. Whilst BDC are reduced at diagnosis in AML, they recover following chemotherapy and allogeneic transplantation, can be purified using CMRF-56 antibody technology, and can stimulate functional T cell responses. While most AML patients in remission had a relatively normal T cell landscape, those who had received fludarabine as salvage therapy have persistent T cell abnormalities including reduced number, altered subset distribution, failure to expand, and increased activation-induced cell death. Furthermore, PD-1 and TIM-3 are increased on CD4T cells in AML patients in remission and their blockade enhances the expansion of leukemia-specific T cells. This confirms the feasibility of a BDC vaccine to consolidate remission in AML and suggests it should be tested in conjunction with checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Hsu
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christian E Bryant
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael S Papadimitrious
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Benjamin Kong
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robin E Gasiorowski
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Orellana
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen M McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Melanoma Immunology and Oncology Unit, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Barbara Fazekas de St Groth
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW, Australia
| | - Douglas E Joshua
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P Joy Ho
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Larsen
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Harry J Iland
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Gibson
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina J Clark
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip D Fromm
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Derek Nj Hart
- Dendritic Cell Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Internal Medicine, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Mazzola MA, Raheja R, Regev K, Beynon V, von Glehn F, Paul A, Pierre I, Kivisakk P, Weiner HL, Gandhi R. Monomethyl fumarate treatment impairs maturation of human myeloid dendritic cells and their ability to activate T cells. Mult Scler 2017; 25:63-71. [PMID: 29106333 DOI: 10.1177/1352458517740213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and its active metabolite monomethyl fumarate (MMF) effectively lead to reduction in disease relapses and active magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions. DMF and MMF are known to be effective in modulating T- and B-cell responses; however, their effect on the phenotype and function of human myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of MMF on human mDCs maturation and function. METHODS mDCs from healthy controls were isolated and cultured in vitro with MMF. The effect of MMF on mDC gene expression was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array after in vitro MMF treatment. The ability of mDCs to activate T cells was assessed by in vitro co-culture system. mDCs from DMF-treated multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were analyzed by flow cytometry and PCR. RESULTS MMF treatment induced a less mature phenotype of mDCs with reduced expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II), co-stimulatory molecules CD86, CD40, CD83, and expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) subunits RELA and RELB. mDCs from DMF-treated MS patients also showed the same immature phenotype. T cells co-cultured with MMF-treated mDCs showed reduced proliferation with decreased production of interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) compared to untreated cells. CONCLUSION We report that MMF can modulate immune response by affecting human mDC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonietta Mazzola
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Radhika Raheja
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keren Regev
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vanessa Beynon
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA/Partners MS Center, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Felipe von Glehn
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anu Paul
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle Pierre
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pia Kivisakk
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Howard L Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA/Partners MS Center, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roopali Gandhi
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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50
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Granot T, Senda T, Carpenter DJ, Matsuoka N, Weiner J, Gordon CL, Miron M, Kumar BV, Griesemer A, Ho SH, Lerner H, Thome JJC, Connors T, Reizis B, Farber DL. Dendritic Cells Display Subset and Tissue-Specific Maturation Dynamics over Human Life. Immunity 2017; 46:504-515. [PMID: 28329707 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Maturation and migration to lymph nodes (LNs) constitutes a central paradigm in conventional dendritic cell (cDC) biology but remains poorly defined in humans. Using our organ donor tissue resource, we analyzed cDC subset distribution, maturation, and migration in mucosal tissues (lungs, intestines), associated lymph nodes (LNs), and other lymphoid sites from 78 individuals ranging from less than 1 year to 93 years of age. The distribution of cDC1 (CD141hiCD13hi) and cDC2 (Sirp-α+CD1c+) subsets was a function of tissue site and was conserved between donors. We identified cDC2 as the major mature (HLA-DRhi) subset in LNs with the highest frequency in lung-draining LNs. Mature cDC2 in mucosal-draining LNs expressed tissue-specific markers derived from the paired mucosal site, reflecting their tissue-migratory origin. These distribution and maturation patterns were largely maintained throughout life, with site-specific variations. Our findings provide evidence for localized DC tissue surveillance and reveal a lifelong division of labor between DC subsets, with cDC2 functioning as guardians of the mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Granot
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Takashi Senda
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Dustin J Carpenter
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nobuhide Matsuoka
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joshua Weiner
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Claire L Gordon
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michelle Miron
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Brahma V Kumar
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Adam Griesemer
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Siu-Hong Ho
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Joseph J C Thome
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Thomas Connors
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Boris Reizis
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Donna L Farber
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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