1
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Pan M, Zhang Y, Wright WC, Liu X, Passaia B, Currier D, Low J, Chapple RH, Steele JA, Connelly JP, Lu M, Lee HM, Loughran AJ, Yang L, Abraham BJ, Pruett-Miller SM, Freeman B, Campbell GE, Dyer MA, Chen T, Stewart E, Koo S, Sheppard H, Easton J, Geeleher P. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling determines neuroblastoma cell fate and sensitivity to retinoic acid. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.09.593394. [PMID: 38798584 PMCID: PMC11118433 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.09.593394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a standard-of-care neuroblastoma drug thought to be effective by inducing differentiation. Curiously, RA has little effect on primary human tumors during upfront treatment but can eliminate neuroblastoma cells from the bone marrow during post-chemo consolidation therapy-a discrepancy that has never been explained. To investigate this, we treated a large cohort of neuroblastoma cell lines with RA and observed that the most RA-sensitive cells predominantly undergo apoptosis or senescence, rather than differentiation. We conducted genome-wide CRISPR knockout screens under RA treatment, which identified BMP signaling as controlling the apoptosis/senescence vs differentiation cell fate decision and determining RA's overall potency. We then discovered that BMP signaling activity is markedly higher in neuroblastoma patient samples at bone marrow metastatic sites, providing a plausible explanation for RA's ability to clear neuroblastoma cells specifically from the bone marrow, seemingly mimicking interactions between BMP and RA during normal development.
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Carvajal-Oliveros A, Uriostegui-Arcos M, Zurita M, Melchy-Perez EI, Narváez-Padilla V, Reynaud E. The BE (2)-M17 cell line has a better dopaminergic phenotype than the traditionally used for Parkinson´s research SH-SY5Y, which is mostly serotonergic. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 13:543-551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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3
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Jayatunga DPW, Hone E, Fernando WMADB, Garg ML, Verdile G, Martins RN. A Synergistic Combination of DHA, Luteolin, and Urolithin A Against Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:780602. [PMID: 35250535 PMCID: PMC8890506 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.780602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. The classical AD brain is characterized by extracellular deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) protein aggregates as senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), composed of hyper-phosphorylated forms of the microtubule-associated protein Tau. There has been limited success in clinical trials for some proposed therapies for AD, so attention has been drawn toward using alternative approaches, including prevention strategies. As a result, nutraceuticals have become attractive compounds for their potential neuroprotective capabilities. The objective of the present study was to derive a synergistic nutraceutical combination in vitro that may act as a potential preventative therapy for AD. The compounds of interest were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), luteolin (LUT), and urolithin A (UA). The cell viability and cytotoxicity assays MTS and LDH were used to evaluate the compounds individually and in two-compound combinations, for their ability to inhibit Aβ1–42-induced toxicity in human neuroblastoma BE(2)-M17 cells. The LDH-derived% protection values were used in the program CompuSyn v.1.0 to calculate the combination index (CI) of the two-compound combinations. The software-predicted potentially synergistic (CI < 1) two-compound combinations were validated using CellTiter Glo assay. Finally, a three-compound combination was predicted (D5L5U5) and shown to be the most effective at inhibiting Aβ1–42-induced toxicity. The synergistic combination, D5L5U5 warrants further research for its mechanism of action; however, it can serve as a basis to develop an advanced functional food for the prevention or co-treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dona P. W. Jayatunga
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Mental Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - W. M. A. D. Binosha Fernando
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Giuseppe Verdile
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Ralph N. Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer’s Disease Research & Care, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
- Australian Alzheimer’s Research Foundation, Ralph and Patricia Sarich Neuroscience Research Institute, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Ralph N. Martins,
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4
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Accurate identification of circRNA landscape and complexity reveals their pivotal roles in human oligodendroglia differentiation. Genome Biol 2022; 23:48. [PMID: 35130952 PMCID: PMC8819885 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of poorly conserved non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression, are highly enriched in the human brain. Despite increasing discoveries of circRNA function in human neurons, the circRNA landscape and function in developing human oligodendroglia, the myelinating cells that govern neuronal conductance, remains unexplored. Meanwhile, improved experimental and computational tools for the accurate identification of circRNAs are needed. Results We adopt a published experimental approach for circRNA enrichment and develop CARP (CircRNA identification using A-tailing RNase R approach and Pseudo-reference alignment), a comprehensive 21-module computational framework for accurate circRNA identification and quantification. Using CARP, we identify developmentally programmed human oligodendroglia circRNA landscapes in the HOG oligodendroglioma cell line, distinct from neuronal circRNA landscapes. Numerous circRNAs display oligodendroglia-specific regulation upon differentiation, among which a subclass is regulated independently from their parental mRNAs. We find that circRNA flanking introns often contain cis-regulatory elements for RNA editing and are predicted to bind differentiation-regulated splicing factors. In addition, we discover novel oligodendroglia-specific circRNAs that are predicted to sponge microRNAs, which co-operatively promote oligodendroglia development. Furthermore, we identify circRNA clusters derived from differentiation-regulated alternative circularization events within the same gene, each containing a common circular exon, achieving additive sponging effects that promote human oligodendroglia differentiation. Conclusions Our results reveal dynamic regulation of human oligodendroglia circRNA landscapes during early differentiation and suggest critical roles of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis in advancing human oligodendroglia development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-022-02621-1.
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Pandey A, Sarkar S, Yadav SK, Yadav SS, Srikrishna S, Siddiqui MH, Parmar D, Yadav S. Studies on Regulation of Global Protein Profile and Cellular Bioenergetics of Differentiating SH-SY5Y Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:1799-1818. [PMID: 35025051 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The SH-SY5Y cells differentiated by sequential exposure of retinoic acid (RA) and brain-derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF) are a well-employed cellular model for studying the mechanistic aspects of neural development and neurodegeneration. Earlier studies from our lab have identified dramatic upregulation (77 miRNAs) and downregulation (17 miRNAs) of miRNAs in SH-SY5Y cells differentiated with successive exposure of RA + BDNF and demonstrated the essential role of increased levels of P53 proteins in coping with the differentiation-induced changes in protein levels. In continuation to our earlier studies, we have performed unbiased LC-MS/MS global protein profiling of naïve and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells and analyzed the identified proteins in reference to miRNAs identified in our earlier studies to identify the cellular events regulated by both identified miRNAs and proteins. Analysis of LC-MS/MS data has shown a significant increase and decrease in levels of 215 and 163 proteins, respectively, in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Integrative analysis of miRNA identified in our previous studies and protein identified in the present study is carried out to discover novel miRNA-protein regulatory modules to elucidate miRNA-protein regulatory relationships of differentiating neurons. In silico network analysis of miRNAs and proteins deregulated upon SH-SY5Y differentiation identified cell cycle, synapse formation, axonogenesis, differentiation, neuron projection, and neurotransmission, as the topmost involved pathways. Further, measuring mitochondrial dynamics and cellular bioenergetics using qPCR and Seahorse XFp Flux Analyzer, respectively, showed that differentiated cells possess increased mitochondrial dynamics and OCR relative to undifferentiated cells. In summary, our studies have identified a novel set of proteins deregulated during neuronal differentiation and establish the role of miRNAs identified in earlier studies in the regulation of proteins identified by LC-MS/MS-based global profiling of differentiating neurons, which will help in future studies related to neural development and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Pandey
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, , CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Uttar Pradesh, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sana Sarkar
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, , CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Uttar Pradesh, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, India.,Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Yadav
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, , CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Uttar Pradesh, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, India
| | - Smriti Singh Yadav
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, , CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Uttar Pradesh, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, India
| | - Saripella Srikrishna
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Devendra Parmar
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, , CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Uttar Pradesh, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, India.
| | - Sanjay Yadav
- Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, , CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Uttar Pradesh, Vishvigyan Bhawan, Lucknow, India. .,All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Uttar Pradesh, Raebareli, India.
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6
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Halakos EG, Connell AJ, Glazewski L, Wei S, Mason RW. Bottom up proteomics identifies neuronal differentiation pathway networks activated by cathepsin inhibition treatment in neuroblastoma cells that are enhanced by concurrent 13-cis retinoic acid treatment. J Proteomics 2020; 232:104068. [PMID: 33278663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the second most common pediatric cancer involving the peripheral nervous system in which stage IVS metastatic tumors regress due to spontaneous differentiation. 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis RA) is currently used in the clinic for its differentiation effects and although it improves outcomes, relapse is seen in half of high-risk patients. Combinatorial therapies have been shown to be more effective in oncotherapy and since cathepsin inhibition reduces tumor growth, we explored the potential of coupling 13-cis RA with a cathepsin inhibitor (K777) to enhance therapeutic efficacy against neuroblastoma. Shotgun proteomics was used to identify proteins affected by K777 and dual (13-cis RA/K777) treatment in neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Cathepsin inhibition was more effective in increasing proteins involved in neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth than 13-cis RA alone, but the combination of both treatments enhanced the neuronal differentiation effect. SIGNIFICANCE: As neuroblastoma can spontaneously differentiate, determining which proteins are involved in differentiation can guide development of more accurate diagnostic markers and more effective treatments. In this study, we established a differentiation proteomic map of SK-N-SH cells treated with a cathepsin inhibitor (K777) and K777/13-cis RA (dual). Bioinformatic analysis revealed these treatments enhanced neuronal differentiation and axonogenesis pathways. The most affected proteins in these pathways may become valuable biomarkers of efficacy of drugs designed to enhance differentiation of neuroblastoma [1].
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Affiliation(s)
- Effie G Halakos
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Andrew J Connell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Lisa Glazewski
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Shuo Wei
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Robert W Mason
- Nemours Biomedical Research, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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7
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Kitazono I, Hamada T, Yoshimura T, Kirishima M, Yokoyama S, Akahane T, Tanimoto A. PCP4/PEP19 downregulates neurite outgrowth via transcriptional regulation of Ascl1 and NeuroD1 expression in human neuroblastoma M17 cells. J Transl Med 2020; 100:1551-1563. [PMID: 32641824 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-0462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purkinje cell protein 4/peptide 19 (PCP4/PEP19) is 7.6 kDa peptide originally found in Purkinje cells. PCP4/PEP19 is a differentiation maker of Purkinje cells, where it functions as an antiapoptotic factor. Cerebral neuronal cells also express PCP4/PEP19, which may be related to neuronal cell survival. However, evidence suggests that PCP4/PEP19 may also be involved in neuronal differentiation. Here, we investigated the effects of PCP4/PEP19 expression on neuronal differentiation by analyzing neurite outgrowth, and expression of neuronal differentiation markers in cultured human neuroblastoma M17 cells. When PCP4/PEP19 expression was reduced by siRNA-mediated knockdown, neurite outgrowth was significantly increased. Among many differentiation markers tested, expression of NeuroD1 was increased, while that of Ascl1 was decreased upon PCP4/PEP19 knockdown. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays revealed that PCP4/PEP19 knockdown upregulated NeuroD1 and downregulated Ascl1 expression, at the transcriptional level. These results suggest a new function of PCP4/PEP19, which suppresses neurite outgrowth and neuronal differentiation through the regulation of NeuroD1 and Ascl1 expression in M17 cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemical studies showed that PCP4/PEP19 localizes in the nuclei of human neuroblastoma cells. Therefore, PCP4/PEP19 may also be an intranuclear negative regulator of neuronal differentiation and may thus be a potential therapeutic target to promote cellular differentiation in human neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikumi Kitazono
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiji Hamada
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuya Yoshimura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mari Kirishima
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Seiya Yokoyama
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Akahane
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
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8
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Poormoghadam D, Almasi A, Ashrafizadeh M, Sarem Vishkaei A, Rezayat SM, Tavakol S. The particle size of drug nanocarriers dictates the fate of neurons; critical points in neurological therapeutics. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:335101. [PMID: 32479427 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab8d6b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disorders and diseases are on the rise in the world, while pharmacists are being encouraged to encapsulate drugs into the nanocarriers. The critical key question is which size of nanocarrier has a promising neurotherapeutic effect. In the present study, FTY-720, an FDA approved drug, was encapsulated into O/W nanocarriers. SEM and DLS data indicated in ultrasonication and stirring methods resulted in spherical nanocarriers with a particle size of 60 and 195 nm (nF60 and nF195), respectively. Further to investigate the effect of particle size on neuronal cells, MTT assay, PI flow-cytometry, LDH release, and NO production examinations were performed. Results showed that small nanocarriers increased cell viability along with the decline of dead cells, while both nanocarriers decreased LDH release and NO production as compared to the conventional drug. Notably, qRT-PCR and western blotting data related to apoptotic markers indicated in the increase of cell mortality in cells treated by nF190 was not due to the increase of apoptosis and Bax/Bcl2 ratio. It is worth mentioning that integrin α5 as a cell surface receptor involves in neuritogenesis was over-expressed in neuronal cells treated by small nanocarriers. However, nF60 increased PTK2 over-expression along with neurite outgrowth, as well. In other words, nanocarriers at the size of 60 nm are preferred to 195 nm as a drug carrier in neurotherapy due to profound impacts on neural cells. Thanks to small nanocarrier broad positive action on neural viability and neurite outgrowth. The present study discloses a pharmaceutical strategy to design drugs based on their particle size efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Poormoghadam
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
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9
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Fontana IC, Zimmer AR, Rocha AS, Gosmann G, Souza DO, Lourenco MV, Ferreira ST, Zimmer ER. Amyloid-β oligomers in cellular models of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2020; 155:348-369. [PMID: 32320074 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) dysmetabolism is tightly associated with pathological processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, it is thought that, in addition to Aβ fibrils that give rise to plaque formation, Aβ aggregates into non-fibrillar soluble oligomers (AβOs). Soluble AβOs have been extensively studied for their synaptotoxic and neurotoxic properties. In this review, we discuss physicochemical properties of AβOs and their impact on different brain cell types in AD. Additionally, we summarize three decades of studies with AβOs, providing a compelling bulk of evidence regarding cell-specific mechanisms of toxicity. Cellular models may lead us to a deeper understanding of the detrimental effects of AβOs in neurons and glial cells, putatively shedding light on the development of innovative therapies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor C Fontana
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aline R Zimmer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andreia S Rocha
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Grace Gosmann
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Diogo O Souza
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mychael V Lourenco
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio T Ferreira
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Zimmer
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics,, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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10
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Sharif S, Ghahremani MH, Soleimani M. Differentiation Induction and Proliferation Inhibition by A Cell-Free Approach for Delivery of Exogenous miRNAs to Neuroblastoma Cells Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells. CELL JOURNAL 2020; 22:556-564. [PMID: 32347050 PMCID: PMC7211274 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.6928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the frequently observed malignant solid tumors of childhood and infancy,
accounting for 15% of pediatric cancer deaths. Recently, the approach of differentiation therapy has shown considerable
promise in effective treatment of NB patients. MiR-124 belongs to the nervous system-specific miRNAs that is increased
during neuronal differentiation and may be one of the potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of NB. However,
despite its well-established therapeutic potential, its efficient delivery to the targeted tumor cells is a challenging task.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult progenitor cells that have antitumor properties, and they can
migrate to cancer cells and tumors. This study aimed to assess whether human adipose tissue-derived MSCs (hAD-
MSCs) have the potential to deliver exogenous miRNAs to NB cells to induce differentiation and decrease proliferation
of cancer cells.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, hAD-MSCs were isolated, cultured, and differentiated. The M17
human NB cell line were also cultured. A specific type of miRNAs, i.e., miR-124 was successfully delivered to M17 NB
cells with the aid of hAD-MSCs using the direct or indirect (exosome-based) contacts.
Results It was shown that indirect delivery of miR-124 considerably decreased the proliferation of NB cells and
induced their differentiation.
Conclusion The results suggest the use of delivered exogenous miRNAs by the derived exosomes from hAD-MSCs
as a novel cell-free stem cell-based therapy for NB cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Sharif
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address: .,Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Haematology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Carter SD, Hampton CM, Langlois R, Melero R, Farino ZJ, Calderon MJ, Li W, Wallace CT, Tran NH, Grassucci RA, Siegmund SE, Pemberton J, Morgenstern TJ, Eisenman L, Aguilar JI, Greenberg NL, Levy ES, Yi E, Mitchell WG, Rice WJ, Wigge C, Pilli J, George EW, Aslanoglou D, Courel M, Freyberg RJ, Javitch JA, Wills ZP, Area-Gomez E, Shiva S, Bartolini F, Volchuk A, Murray SA, Aridor M, Fish KN, Walter P, Balla T, Fass D, Wolf SG, Watkins SC, Carazo JM, Jensen GJ, Frank J, Freyberg Z. Ribosome-associated vesicles: A dynamic subcompartment of the endoplasmic reticulum in secretory cells. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay9572. [PMID: 32270040 PMCID: PMC7112762 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay9572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a highly dynamic network of membranes. Here, we combine live-cell microscopy with in situ cryo-electron tomography to directly visualize ER dynamics in several secretory cell types including pancreatic β-cells and neurons under near-native conditions. Using these imaging approaches, we identify a novel, mobile form of ER, ribosome-associated vesicles (RAVs), found primarily in the cell periphery, which is conserved across different cell types and species. We show that RAVs exist as distinct, highly dynamic structures separate from the intact ER reticular architecture that interact with mitochondria via direct intermembrane contacts. These findings describe a new ER subcompartment within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D. Carter
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Cheri M. Hampton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robert Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Roberto Melero
- Biocomputing Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología–CSIC, Darwin 3, Campus Universidad Autónoma, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Zachary J. Farino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Michael J. Calderon
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Callen T. Wallace
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ngoc Han Tran
- HHMI, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Robert A. Grassucci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Stephanie E. Siegmund
- Department of Cellular, Molecular and Biophysical Studies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joshua Pemberton
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Travis J. Morgenstern
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Leanna Eisenman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jenny I. Aguilar
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nili L. Greenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Elana S. Levy
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Edward Yi
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - William G. Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | | | - Jyotsna Pilli
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Emily W. George
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Despoina Aslanoglou
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Maïté Courel
- CNRS-UMR7622, Institut de Biologie Paris-Seine, Université Pierre & Marie Curie, 75252 Paris, France
| | - Robin J. Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Javitch
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zachary P. Wills
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Francesca Bartolini
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Allen Volchuk
- Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra A. Murray
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Meir Aridor
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Kenneth N. Fish
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Peter Walter
- HHMI, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Tamas Balla
- Section on Molecular Signal Transduction, Program for Developmental Neuroscience, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Deborah Fass
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sharon G. Wolf
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Simon C. Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - José María Carazo
- Biocomputing Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología–CSIC, Darwin 3, Campus Universidad Autónoma, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Grant J. Jensen
- HHMI, Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Joachim Frank
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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12
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Volloch V, Olsen B, Rits S. Alzheimer's Disease is Driven by Intraneuronally Retained Beta-Amyloid Produced in the AD-Specific, βAPP-Independent Pathway: Current Perspective and Experimental Models for Tomorrow. ANNALS OF INTEGRATIVE MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2020; 2:90-114. [PMID: 32617536 PMCID: PMC7331974 DOI: 10.33597/aimm.02-1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A view of the origin and progression of Alzheimer's disease, AD, prevailing until now and formalized as the Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis theory, maintains that the disease is initiated by overproduction of beta-amyloid, Aβ, which is generated solely by the Aβ precursor protein, βAPP, proteolytic pathway and secreted from the cell. Consequent extracellular accumulation of Aβ triggers a cascade of molecular and cellular events leading to neurodegeneration that starts early in life, progresses as one prolonged process, builds up for decades, and culminates in symptomatic manifestations of the disease late in life. In this paradigm, a time window for commencement of therapeutic intervention is small and accessible only early in life. The outlook introduced in the present study is fundamentally different. It posits that the βAPP proteolytic/secretory pathway of Aβ production causes AD in humans no more than it does in either short- or long-lived non-human mammals that share this pathway with humans, accumulate beta-amyloid as they age, but do not develop the disease. Alzheimer's disease, according to this outlook, is driven by an additional powerful AD-specific pathway of Aβ production that operates in affected humans, is completely independent of the βAPP precursor, and is not available in non-human mammals. The role of the βAPP proteolytic pathway in the disease in humans is activation of this additional AD-specific Aβ production pathway. This occurs through accumulation of intracellular Aβ, primarily via ApoE-assisted cellular uptake of secreted beta-amyloid, but also through retention of a fraction of Aβ produced in the βAPP proteolytic pathway. With time, accumulated intracellular Aβ triggers mitochondrial dysfunction. In turn, cellular stresses associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, including ER stress, activate a second, AD-specific, Aβ production pathway: Asymmetric RNA-dependent βAPP mRNA amplification; animal βAPP mRNA is ineligible for this process. In this pathway, every conventionally produced βAPP mRNA molecule serves potentially as a template for production of severely 5'-truncated mRNA encoding not the βAPP but its C99 fragment (hence "asymmetric"), the immediate precursor of Aβ. Thus produced, N-terminal signal peptide-lacking C99 is processed not in the secretory pathway on the plasma membrane, but at the intracellular membrane sites, apparently in a neuron-specific manner. The resulting Aβ is, therefore, not secreted but is retained intraneuronally and accumulates rapidly within the cell. Increased levels of intracellular Aβ augment mitochondrial dysfunction, which, in turn, sustains the activity of the βAPP mRNA amplification pathway. These self-propagating mutual Aβ overproduction/mitochondrial dysfunction feedback cycles constitute a formidable two-stroke engine, an engine that drives Alzheimer's disease. The present outlook envisions Alzheimer's disorder as a two-stage disease. The first stage is a slow process of intracellular beta-amyloid accumulation. It results neither in significant neurodegenerative damage, nor in manifestation of the disease. The second stage commences with the activation of the βAPP mRNA amplification pathway shortly before symptomatic onset of the disease, sharply increases the rate of Aβ generation and the extent of its intraneuronal accumulation, produces significant damages, triggers AD symptoms, and is fast. In this paradigm, the time window of therapeutic intervention is wide open, and preventive treatment can be initiated any time, even late in life, prior to commencement of the second stage of the disease. Moreover, there are good reasons to believe that with a drug blocking the βAPP mRNA amplification pathway, it would be possible not only to preempt the disease but also to stop and to reverse it even when early AD symptoms have already manifested. There are numerous experimental models of AD, all based on a notion of the exceptionality of βAPP proteolytic/secretory pathway in Aβ production in the disease. However, with no drug even remotely effective in Alzheimer's disease, a long list of candidate drugs that succeeded remarkably in animal models, yet failed utterly in human clinical trials of potential AD drugs, attests to the inadequacy of currently employed AD models. The concept of a renewable supply of beta-amyloid, produced in the βAPP mRNA amplification pathway and retained intraneuronally in Alzheimer's disease, explains spectacular failures of both BACE inhibition and Aβ-immunotherapy in human clinical trials. This concept also forms the basis of a new generation of animal and cell-based experimental models of AD, described in the present study. These models incorporate Aβ- or C99-encoding mRNA amplification pathways of Aβ production, as well as intracellular retention of their product, and can support not only further investigation of molecular mechanisms of AD but also screening for and testing of candidate drugs aimed at therapeutic targets suggested by the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Volloch
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, USA
| | - Bjorn Olsen
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, USA
| | - Sophia Rits
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, USA
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13
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Almutawa W, Smith C, Sabouny R, Smit RB, Zhao T, Wong R, Lee-Glover L, Desrochers-Goyette J, Ilamathi HS, Suchowersky O, Germain M, Mains PE, Parboosingh JS, Pfeffer G, Innes AM, Shutt TE. The R941L mutation in MYH14 disrupts mitochondrial fission and associates with peripheral neuropathy. EBioMedicine 2019; 45:379-392. [PMID: 31231018 PMCID: PMC6642256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral neuropathies are often caused by disruption of genes responsible for myelination or axonal transport. In particular, impairment in mitochondrial fission and fusion are known causes of peripheral neuropathies. However, the causal mechanisms for peripheral neuropathy gene mutations are not always known. While loss of function mutations in MYH14 typically cause non-syndromic hearing loss, the recently described R941L mutation in MYH14, encoding the non-muscle myosin protein isoform NMIIC, leads to a complex clinical presentation with an unexplained peripheral neuropathy phenotype. Methods Confocal microscopy was used to examine mitochondrial dynamics in MYH14 patient fibroblast cells, as well as U2OS and M17 cells overexpressing NMIIC. The consequence of the R941L mutation on myosin activity was modeled in C. elegans. Findings We describe the third family carrying the R941L mutation in MYH14, and demonstrate that the R941L mutation impairs non-muscle myosin protein function. To better understand the molecular basis of the peripheral neuropathy phenotype associated with the R941L mutation, which has been hindered by the fact that NMIIC is largely uncharacterized, we have established a previously unrecognized biological role for NMIIC in mediating mitochondrial fission in human cells. Notably, the R941L mutation acts in a dominant-negative fashion to inhibit mitochondrial fission, especially in the cell periphery. In addition, we observed alterations to the organization of the mitochondrial genome. Interpretation As impairments in mitochondrial fission cause peripheral neuropathy, this insight into the function of NMIIC likely explains the peripheral neuropathy phenotype associated with the R941L mutation. Fund This study was supported by the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Care4Rare Canada Consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Almutawa
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christopher Smith
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rasha Sabouny
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ryan B Smit
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tian Zhao
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rachel Wong
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Laurie Lee-Glover
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Justine Desrochers-Goyette
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche Biomed, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Hema Saranya Ilamathi
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche Biomed, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Oksana Suchowersky
- Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marc Germain
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire and Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche Biomed, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Paul E Mains
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jillian S Parboosingh
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gerald Pfeffer
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Timothy E Shutt
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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14
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Tavakol S, Hoveizi E, Tavakol B, Azedi F, Ebrahimi‐Barough S, Keyhanvar P, Joghataei MT. Small molecule of sphingosine as a rescue of dopaminergic cells: A cell therapy approach in neurodegenerative diseases therapeutics. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:11401-11410. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University Tehran Medical Unit Tehran Iran
| | - Elham Hoveizi
- Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz Iran
| | - Behnaz Tavakol
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran
| | - Fereshteh Azedi
- Department of Neuroscience Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi‐Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Peyman Keyhanvar
- School of Advanced medical sciences, Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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15
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Seyfizadeh N, Seyfizadeh N, Rahbarghazi R, Nourazarian A, Borzouisileh S, Palideh A, Elahimanesh F, Hamishehkar H, Salimi L, Nouri M, Abtin M. Isolation and characterization of human amniotic fluid and SH-SY5Y/BE(2)-M17 cell derived exosomes. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2019. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2019-024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Federico C, Gil L, Bruno F, D'Amico AG, D'Agata V, Saccone S. Phosphorylated nucleolar Tau protein is related to the neuronal in vitro differentiation. Gene 2018; 664:1-11. [PMID: 29684490 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tau is a multifunctional protein, originally identified as a cytoplasmic protein associated with microtubules. It is codified by the MAPT gene, and the alternative splicing, in the neuronal cells, results in six different isoforms. Tau was subsequently observed in the cell nucleus, where its function is not yet clearly understood. Here, we studied the MAPT gene and the cellular localization of the AT8 and Tau-1 epitopes of Tau protein, in the SK-N-BE cell line, which differentiates in neuronal-like cells after retinoic acid treatment. These epitopes correspond to the phosphorylated Ser202/Thr205 and unphosphorylated Pro189/Gly207 amino acid residues, respectively, possibly involved in conformational changes of the protein. Our results demonstrated the presence of the smaller Tau isoform (352 amino acids), whose amount increases in differentiated SK-N-BE cells, with Tau-1/AT8 nuclear distribution related to the differentiation process. Tau-1 showed a spot-like nucleolar localization, in both replicative and differentiated cells, while AT8 was only detected in the differentiated cells, diffusely occupying the entire nucleolar region. Moreover, in the replicative cells exposed to actinomycin-D, AT8 and Tau-1 move to the nucleolar periphery and colocalize, in few spots, with the upstream binding transcription factor (UBTF). Our results, also obtained with lymphocytes exposed to the mitogenic compound phytohaemagglutinin, indicate the AT8 epitope of Tau as a marker of neuronal cell differentiation, whose presence in the nucleolus appears to be related to rDNA transcriptional inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Federico
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Gil
- Department of Genetics, Medical School, University "Alfonso X el Sabio", Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesca Bruno
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Agata Grazia D'Amico
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy; Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University of Rome, Italy
| | - Velia D'Agata
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Saccone
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
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17
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Up-regulation of HO-1 by Nrf2 activation protects against palmitic acid-induced ROS increase in human neuroblastoma BE(2)-M17 cells. Nutr Res 2018. [PMID: 29526395 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in neurons. Extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK)/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a ROS response pathway. Therefore, high ROS is always accompanied by increase of HO-1, an anti-oxidative enzyme; but it remains unknown why there is no significant reduction of ROS with the increase of HO-1 in SFAs-treated neurons. We hypothesized that the up-regulation of HO-1 is compensatory for response to fatty acid-induced oxidative stress but not enough to reduce ROS levels. We evaluated the anti-ROS effect of HO-1 and the involved pathway in palmitic acid (PA)-treated human neuroblastoma BE(2)-M17 cells. As expected, PA-induced ROS increase was accompanied by activation of the ERK-Nrf2-HO-1 pathway, as demonstrated by an increase in ERK phosphorylation, Nrf2 phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation, and HO-1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels, in a PA-dose-dependent manner. In contrast, administration of the ROS scavenger NAC significantly reduced the levels of PA-regulated ROS and HO-1 protein. However, the ERK inhibitor U0126 not only reversed the activating effect of PA on the ERK-Nrf2-HO-1 pathway but also aggravated PA-induced ROS. Furthermore, the Nrf2-specific activator NK-252 significantly increased PA-up-regulated HO-1 protein and alleviated PA-induced ROS. Therefore, our results suggest that up-regulation of HO-1 in PA-treated neurons is a compensatory response to ROS increase and that increasing HO-1 expression by Nrf2 activation can prevent the process of ROS production in PA-treated neurons.
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18
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MacDonald R, Barbat-Artigas S, Cho C, Peng H, Shang J, Moustaine A, Carbonetto S, Robitaille R, Chalifour LE, Paudel H. A Novel Egr-1-Agrin Pathway and Potential Implications for Regulation of Synaptic Physiology and Homeostasis at the Neuromuscular Junction. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:258. [PMID: 28824419 PMCID: PMC5541023 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic transmission requires intricate coordination of the components involved in processing of incoming signals, formation and stabilization of synaptic machinery, neurotransmission and in all related signaling pathways. Changes to any of these components cause synaptic imbalance and disruption of neuronal circuitry. Extensive studies at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) have greatly aided in the current understanding of synapses and served to elucidate the underlying physiology as well as associated adaptive and homeostatic processes. The heparan sulfate proteoglycan agrin is a vital component of the NMJ, mediating synaptic formation and maintenance in both brain and muscle, but very little is known about direct control of its expression. Here, we investigated the relationship between agrin and transcription factor early growth response-1 (Egr-1), as Egr-1 regulates the expression of many genes involved in synaptic homeostasis and plasticity. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), cell culture with cell lines derived from brain and muscle, and animal models, we show that Egr-1 binds to the AGRN gene locus and suppresses its expression. When compared with wild type (WT), mice deficient in Egr-1 (Egr-1−/−) display a marked increase in AGRN mRNA and agrin full-length and cleavage fragment protein levels, including the 22 kDa, C-terminal fragment in brain and muscle tissue homogenate. Because agrin is a crucial component of the NMJ, we explored possible physiological implications of the Egr-1-agrin relationship. In the diaphragm, Egr-1−/− mice display increased NMJ motor endplate density, individual area and area of innervation. In addition to increased density, soleus NMJs also display an increase in fragmented and faint endplates in Egr-1−/− vs. WT mice. Moreover, the soleus NMJ electrophysiology of Egr-1−/− mice revealed increased quantal content and motor testing showed decreased movement and limb muscle strength compared with WT. This study provides evidence for the potential involvement of a novel Egr-1-agrin pathway in synaptic homeostatic and compensatory mechanisms at the NMJ. Synaptic homeostasis is greatly affected by the process of aging. These and other data suggest that changes in Egr-1 expression may directly or indirectly promote age-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryen MacDonald
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General HospitalMontreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Chulmin Cho
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General HospitalMontreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Huashan Peng
- Center for Research in NeuroscienceMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jijun Shang
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General HospitalMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ayman Moustaine
- Département de neurosciences, Université de MontréalMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Salvatore Carbonetto
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada.,Center for Research in NeuroscienceMontreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard Robitaille
- Département de neurosciences, Université de MontréalMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lorraine E Chalifour
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General HospitalMontreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hemant Paudel
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General HospitalMontreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
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19
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Peptides derived from the knuckle epitope of BMP-9 induce the cholinergic differentiation and inactivate GSk3beta in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4695. [PMID: 28680159 PMCID: PMC5498665 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of brain degenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD) will increase as the world population ages. While there is presently no known cure for AD and current treatments having only a transient effect, an increasing number of publications indicate that growth factors (GF) may be used to treat AD. GFs like the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), especially BMP-9, affect many aspects of AD. However, BMP-9 is a big protein that cannot readily cross the blood-brain barrier. We have therefore studied the effects of two small peptides derived from BMP-9 (pBMP-9 and SpBMP-9). We investigated their capacity to differentiate SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells into neurons with or without retinoic acid (RA). Both peptides induced Smad 1/5 phosphorylation and their nuclear translocation. They increased the number and length of neurites and the expression of neuronal markers MAP-2, NeuN and NSE better than did BMP-9. They also promoted differentiation to the cholinergic phenotype more actively than BMP-9, SpBMP-9 being the most effective as shown by increases in intracellular acetylcholine, ChAT and VAchT. Finally, both peptides activated the PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibited GSK3beta, a current AD therapeutic target. BMP-9-derived peptides, especially SpBMP-9, with or without RA, are promising molecules that warrant further investigation.
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20
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Individual Amino Acid Supplementation Can Improve Energy Metabolism and Decrease ROS Production in Neuronal Cells Overexpressing Alpha-Synuclein. Neuromolecular Med 2017. [PMID: 28620826 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-017-8448-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by alpha-synuclein accumulation and loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) region of the brain. Increased levels of alpha-synuclein have been shown to result in loss of mitochondrial electron transport chain complex I activity leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. WT alpha-synuclein was stably overexpressed in human BE(2)-M17 neuroblastoma cells resulting in increased levels of an alpha-synuclein multimer, but no increase in alpha-synuclein monomer levels. Oxygen consumption was decreased by alpha-synuclein overexpression, but ATP levels did not decrease and ROS levels did not increase. Treatment with ferrous sulfate, a ROS generator, resulted in decreased oxygen consumption in both control and alpha-synuclein overexpressing cells. However, this treatment only decreased ATP levels and increased ROS production in the cells overexpressing alpha-synuclein. Similarly, paraquat, another ROS generator, decreased ATP levels in the alpha-synuclein overexpressing cells, but not in the control cells, further demonstrating how alpha-synuclein sensitized the cells to oxidative insult. Proteomic analysis yielded molecular insights into the cellular adaptations to alpha-synuclein overexpression, such as the increased abundance of many mitochondrial proteins. Many amino acids and citric acid cycle intermediates and their ester forms were individually supplemented to the cells with L-serine, L-proline, L-aspartate, or L-glutamine decreasing ROS production in oxidatively stressed alpha-synuclein overexpressing cells, while diethyl oxaloacetate or L-valine supplementation increased ATP levels. These results suggest that dietary supplementation with individual metabolites could yield bioenergetic improvements in PD patients to delay loss of dopaminergic neurons.
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21
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Takahashi H, Ishikawa H, Tanaka A. Regenerative medicine for Parkinson's disease using differentiated nerve cells derived from human buccal fat pad stem cells. Hum Cell 2017; 30:60-71. [PMID: 28210976 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-017-0160-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of human adipose stem cells derived from the buccal fat pad (hBFP-ASCs) for nerve regeneration. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive death of dopaminergic neurons. PD is a candidate disease for cell replacement therapy because it has no fundamental therapeutic methods. We examined the properties of neural-related cells induced from hBFP-ASCs as a cell source for PD treatment. hBFP-ASCs were cultured in neurogenic differentiation medium for about 2 weeks. After the morphology of hBFP-ASCs changed to neural-like cells, the medium was replaced with neural maintenance medium. Cells differentiated from hBFP-ASCs showed neuron-like structures and expressed neuron markers (β3-tubulin, neurofilament 200, and microtubule-associated protein 2), an astrocyte marker (glial fibrillary acidic protein), or dopaminergic neuron-related marker (tyrosine hydroxylase). Induced neural cells were transplanted into a 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rat hemi-parkinsonian model. At 4 weeks after transplantation, 6-OHDA-lesioned rats were subjected to apomorphine-induced rotation analysis. The transplanted cells survived in the brain of rats as dopaminergic neural cells. No tumor formation was found after cell transplantation. We demonstrated differentiation of hBFP-ASCs into neural cells, and that transplantation of these neural cells improved the symptoms of model rats. Our results suggest that neurons differentiated from hBFP-ASCs would be applicable to cell replacement therapy of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Takahashi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Systemic Medicine, Course of Clinical Science, Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8580, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of NDU Life Sciences, Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan
| | - Akira Tanaka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8580, Japan
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Li T, Paudel HK. 14-3-3ζ Mediates Tau Aggregation in Human Neuroblastoma M17 Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160635. [PMID: 27548710 PMCID: PMC4993442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein tau is the major component of paired helical filaments (PHFs) associated with the neuropathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Tau in the normal brain binds and stabilizes microtubules. Tau isolated from PHFs is hyperphosphorylated, which prevents it from binding to microtubules. Tau phosphorylation has been suggested to be involved in the development of NFT pathology in the AD brain. Recently, we showed that 14-3-3ζ is bound to tau in the PHFs and when incubated in vitro with 14-3-3ζ, tau formed amorphous aggregates, single-stranded straight filaments, double stranded ribbon-like filaments and PHF-like filaments that displayed close resemblance with corresponding ultrastructures of AD brain. Surprisingly however, phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated tau aggregated in a similar manner, indicating that tau phosphorylation does not affect in vitro tau aggregation (Qureshi et al (2013) Biochemistry 52, 6445–6455). In this study, we have examined the role of tau phosphorylation in tau aggregation in cellular level. We have found that in human M17 neuroblastoma cells, tau phosphorylation by GSK3β or PKA does not cause tau aggregation, but promotes 14-3-3ζ-induced tau aggregation by destabilizing microtubules. Microtubule disrupting drugs also promoted 14-3-3ζ-induced tau aggregation without changing tau phosphorylation in M17 cell. In vitro, when incubated with 14-3-3ζ and microtubules, nonphosphorylated tau bound to microtubules and did not aggregate. Phosphorylated tau on the other hand did not bind to microtubules and aggregated. Our data indicate that microtubule-bound tau is resistant to 14-3-3ζ-induced tau aggregation and suggest that tau phosphorylation promotes tau aggregation in the brain by detaching tau from microtubules and thus making it accessible to 14-3-3ζ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- The Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Hemant K Paudel
- The Bloomfield Center for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.,The Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Buchanan PJ, McCloskey KD. Ca V channels and cancer: canonical functions indicate benefits of repurposed drugs as cancer therapeutics. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2016; 45:621-633. [PMID: 27342111 PMCID: PMC5045480 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-016-1144-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The importance of ion channels in the hallmarks of many cancers is increasingly recognised. This article reviews current knowledge of the expression of members of the voltage-gated calcium channel family (CaV) in cancer at the gene and protein level and discusses their potential functional roles. The ten members of the CaV channel family are classified according to expression of their pore-forming α-subunit; moreover, co-expression of accessory α2δ, β and γ confers a spectrum of biophysical characteristics including voltage dependence of activation and inactivation, current amplitude and activation/inactivation kinetics. CaV channels have traditionally been studied in excitable cells including neurones, smooth muscle, skeletal muscle and cardiac cells, and drugs targeting the channels are used in the treatment of hypertension and epilepsy. There is emerging evidence that several CaV channels are differentially expressed in cancer cells compared to their normal counterparts. Interestingly, a number of CaV channels also have non-canonical functions and are involved in transcriptional regulation of the expression of other proteins including potassium channels. Pharmacological studies show that CaV canonical function contributes to the fundamental biology of proliferation, cell-cycle progression and apoptosis. This raises the intriguing possibility that calcium channel blockers, approved for the treatment of other conditions, could be repurposed to treat particular cancers. Further research will reveal the full extent of both the canonical and non-canonical functions of CaV channels in cancer and whether calcium channel blockers are beneficial in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Buchanan
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7AE, UK.,National Institute of Cellular Biotechnology, School of Nursing and Human Science, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Karen D McCloskey
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 7AE, UK.
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Filograna R, Civiero L, Ferrari V, Codolo G, Greggio E, Bubacco L, Beltramini M, Bisaglia M. Analysis of the Catecholaminergic Phenotype in Human SH-SY5Y and BE(2)-M17 Neuroblastoma Cell Lines upon Differentiation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136769. [PMID: 26317353 PMCID: PMC4552590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cell lines are often used to investigate cellular pathways relevant for physiological or pathological processes or to evaluate cell toxicity or protection induced by different compounds, including potential drugs. In this study, we analyzed and compared the differentiating activities of three agents (retinoic acid, staurosporine and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate) on the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and BE(2)-M17 cell lines; the first cell line is largely used in the field of neuroscience, while the second is still poorly characterized. After evaluating their effects in terms of cell proliferation and morphology, we investigated their catecholaminergic properties by assessing the expression profiles of the major genes involved in catecholamine synthesis and storage and the cellular concentrations of the neurotransmitters dopamine and noradrenaline. Our results demonstrate that the two cell lines possess similar abilities to differentiate and acquire a neuron-like morphology. The most evident effects in SH-SY5Y cells were observed in the presence of staurosporine, while in BE(2)-M17 cells, retinoic acid induced the strongest effects. Undifferentiated SH-SY5Y and BE(2)-M17 cells are characterized by the production of both NA and DA, but their levels are considerably higher in BE(2)-M17 cells. Moreover, the NAergic phenotype appears to be more pronounced in SH-SY5Y cells, while BE(2)-M17 cells have a more prominent DAergic phenotype. Finally, the catecholamine concentration strongly increases upon differentiation induced by staurosporine in both cell lines. In conclusion, in this work the catecholaminergic phenotype of the human BE(2)-M17 cell line upon differentiation was characterized for the first time. Our data suggest that SH-SY5Y and BE(2)-M17 represent two alternative cell models for the neuroscience field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Filograna
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Civiero
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vanni Ferrari
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gaia Codolo
- General Pathology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Greggio
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luigi Bubacco
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mariano Beltramini
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- * E-mail: (M. Beltramini); (M. Bisaglia)
| | - Marco Bisaglia
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- * E-mail: (M. Beltramini); (M. Bisaglia)
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Truong LD, Trostel J, Garcia GE. Absence of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit amplifies inflammation and accelerates onset of fibrosis: an inflammatory kidney model. FASEB J 2015; 29:3558-70. [PMID: 25985801 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-262493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is regulated by endogenous mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory cytokines, adenosine, and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit (α7nAChR). We investigated the role of α7nAChR in protection against the progression of tissue injury in a model of severe, macrophage-mediated, cytokine-dependent anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) glomerulonephritis (GN), in α7nAChR-deficient (α7(-/-)) mice . At d 7 after the injection of anti-GBM antibody, kidneys from α7(-/-) mice displayed severe glomeruli (P < 0.0001) and tubulointerstitial lesions (P < 0.001) compared to kidneys from WT mice. An important finding was the presence of severe glomerulosclerosis in α7(-/-) mice in this early phase of the disease. Kidneys of α7(-/-) mice showed greater accumulation of inflammatory cells and higher expression of chemokines and cytokines than did those of WT mice. In addition, in α7(-/-) fibrotic kidneys, the expression of fibrin, collagen, TGF-β, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2 increased, and the expression of TIMP3 declined. The increase in counterregulatory responses to inflammation in α7(-/-) nephritic kidneys did not compensate for the lack of α7nAChR. These findings indicate that α7nAChR plays a key role in regulating the inflammatory response in anti-GBM GN and that disruption of the endogenous protective α7nAChR amplifies inflammation to accelerate kidney damage and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan D Truong
- *Department of Pathology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jessica Trostel
- *Department of Pathology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Gabriela E Garcia
- *Department of Pathology and Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; and Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Szutowicz A, Bielarczyk H, Jankowska-Kulawy A, Ronowska A, Pawełczyk T. Retinoic acid as a therapeutic option in Alzheimer's disease: a focus on cholinergic restoration. Expert Rev Neurother 2015; 15:239-49. [PMID: 25683350 DOI: 10.1586/14737175.2015.1008456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid is a potent cell differentiating factor, which through its nuclear receptors affects a vast range of promoter sites in brain neuronal and glial cells in every step of embryonic and postnatal life. Its capacities, facilitating maturation of neurotransmitter phenotype in different groups of neurons, pave the way for its application as a potential therapeutic agent in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. Retinoic acid was found to exert particularly strong enhancing effects on acetylcholine transmitter functions in brain cholinergic neurons, loss of which is tightly linked to the development of cognitive and memory deficits in course of different cholinergic encephalopathies. Here, we review cholinotrophic properties of retinoic acid and its derivatives, which may justify their application in the management of Alzheimer's disease and the related neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Szutowicz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Li M, Sun Y, Guan X, Shu X, Li C. Advanced progress on the relationship between RA and its receptors and malignant tumors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2014; 91:271-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Leotta CG, Federico C, Brundo MV, Tosi S, Saccone S. HLXB9 gene expression, and nuclear location during in vitro neuronal differentiation in the SK-N-BE neuroblastoma cell line. PLoS One 2014; 9:e105481. [PMID: 25136833 PMCID: PMC4138170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Different parts of the genome occupy specific compartments of the cell nucleus based on the gene content and the transcriptional activity. An example of this is the altered nuclear positioning of the HLXB9 gene in leukaemia cells observed in association with its over-expression. This phenomenon was attributed to the presence of a chromosomal translocation with breakpoint proximal to the HLXB9 gene. Before becoming an interesting gene in cancer biology, HLXB9 was studied as a developmental gene. This homeobox gene is also known as MNX1 (motor neuron and pancreas homeobox 1) and it is relevant for both motor neuronal and pancreatic beta cells development. A spectrum of mutations in this gene are causative of sacral agenesis and more broadly, of what is known as the Currarino Syndrome, a constitutional autosomal dominant disorder. Experimental work on animal models has shown that HLXB9 has an essential role in motor neuronal differentiation. Here we present data to show that, upon treatment with retinoic acid, the HLXB9 gene becomes over-expressed during the early stages of neuronal differentiation and that this corresponds to a reposition of the gene in the nucleus. More precisely, we used the SK-N-BE human neuroblastoma cell line as an in vitro model and we demonstrated a transient transcription of HLXB9 at the 4th and 5th days of differentiation that corresponded to the presence, predominantly in the cell nuclei, of the encoded protein HB9. The nuclear positioning of the HLXB9 gene was monitored at different stages: a peripheral location was noted in the proliferating cells whereas a more internal position was noted during differentiation, that is while HLXB9 was transcriptionally active. Our findings suggest that HLXB9 can be considered a marker of early neuronal differentiation, possibly involving chromatin remodeling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Giovanna Leotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Sezione di Biologia Animale, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Concetta Federico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Sezione di Biologia Animale, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Violetta Brundo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Sezione di Biologia Animale, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Tosi
- Leukaemia and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Division of Biosciences, Brunel University, London, United Kingdom
| | - Salvatore Saccone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Sezione di Biologia Animale, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Chlapek P, Neradil J, Redova M, Zitterbart K, Sterba J, Veselska R. The ATRA-induced differentiation of medulloblastoma cells is enhanced with LOX/COX inhibitors: an analysis of gene expression. Cancer Cell Int 2014; 14:51. [PMID: 24959102 PMCID: PMC4066709 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-14-51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A detailed analysis of the expression of 440 cancer-related genes was performed after the combined treatment of medulloblastoma cells with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and inhibitors of lipoxygenases (LOX) and cyclooxygenases (COX). The combinations of retinoids and celecoxib as a COX-2 inhibitor were reported to be effective in some regimens of metronomic therapy of relapsed solid tumors with poor prognosis. Our previous findings on neuroblastoma cells using expression profiling showed that LOX/COX inhibitors have the capability of enhancing the differentiating action of ATRA. Presented study focused on the continuation of our previous work to confirm the possibility of enhancing ATRA-induced cell differentiation in these cell lines via the application of LOX/COX inhibitors. This study provides more detailed information concerning the mechanisms of the enhancement of the ATRA-induced differentiation of medulloblastoma cells. Methods The Daoy and D283 Med medulloblastoma cell lines were chosen for this study. Caffeic acid (an inhibitor of 5-LOX) and celecoxib (an inhibitor on COX-2) were used in combined treatment with ATRA. The expression profiling was performed using Human Cancer Oligo GEArray membranes, and the most promising results were verified using RT-PCR. Results The expression profiling of the selected cancer-related genes clearly confirmed that the differentiating effects of ATRA should be enhanced via its combined administration with caffeic acid or celecoxib. This effect was detected in both cell lines. An increased expression of the genes that encoded the proteins participating in induced differentiation and cytoskeleton remodeling was detected in both cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was also observed for the CDKN1A gene encoding the p21 protein, which is an important regulator of the cell cycle, and for the genes encoding proteins that are associated with proteasome activity. Furthermore, our results showed that D283 Med cells are significantly more sensitive to treatment with ATRA alone than Daoy cells. Conclusions The obtained results on medulloblastoma cell lines are in accordance with our previous findings on neuroblastoma cells and confirm our hypothesis concerning the common mechanism of the enhancement of ATRA-induced cell differentiation in various types of pediatric solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Chlapek
- Department of Experimental Biology - Laboratory of Tumor Biology, School of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Neradil
- Department of Experimental Biology - Laboratory of Tumor Biology, School of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic ; Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Redova
- Department of Experimental Biology - Laboratory of Tumor Biology, School of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Zitterbart
- Department of Experimental Biology - Laboratory of Tumor Biology, School of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic ; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno and School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Cernopolni 9, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Sterba
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno and School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Cernopolni 9, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic ; Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 656 53 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Veselska
- Department of Experimental Biology - Laboratory of Tumor Biology, School of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic ; Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno and School of Medicine, Masaryk University, Cernopolni 9, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Macias MP, Gonzales AM, Siniard AL, Walker AW, Corneveaux JJ, Huentelman MJ, Sabbagh MN, Decourt B. A cellular model of amyloid precursor protein processing and amyloid-β peptide production. J Neurosci Methods 2013; 223:114-22. [PMID: 24333289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A hallmark pathologic feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is accumulation of neuritic senile plaques in the brain parenchyma. Neurotoxic plaque cores are composed predominantly of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides of 40 and 42 amino acids in length, formed by sequential cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β-, and γ-secretases. There is a great interest in approaches to modulate Aβ peptide production and develop therapeutic interventions to reduce Aβ levels to halt or slow the progression of neurodegeneration. NEW METHOD We characterized and present the BE(2)-M17 human neuroblastoma cell line as a novel in vitro model of the APP-cleavage cascade to support future (1) functional studies of molecular regulators in Aβ production, and (2) high-throughput screening assays of new pharmacotherapeutics. RESULTS In BE(2)-M17 cells, both RNA (i.e., RT-PCR, RNA sequencing) and protein analyses (i.e., Western blots, ELISA), show endogenous expression of critical components of the amyloidogenic pathway, APP-cleavage intermediates CTF83 and CTF99, and final cleavage products Aβ40 and Aβ42. We further report effects of retinoic acid-mediated differentiation on morphology and gene expression in this cell line. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S) In contrast to primary isolates or other cell lines reported in current literature, BE(2)-M17 not only sustains baseline expression of the full contingent of APP-processing components, but also remains stably adherent during culture, facilitating experimental manipulations. CONCLUSIONS Our evidence supports the use of BE(2)-M17 as a novel, human, cell-based model of the APP processing pathway that offers a potential streamlined approach to dissect molecular functions of endogenous regulatory pathways, and perform mechanistic studies to identify modulators of Aβ production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimi P Macias
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Amanda M Gonzales
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Ashley L Siniard
- Neurogenomics Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445N, Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Aaron W Walker
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Jason J Corneveaux
- Neurogenomics Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445N, Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, 445N, Fifth Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Marwan N Sabbagh
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
| | - Boris Decourt
- Haldeman Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, 10515 W, Santa Fe Drive, Sun City, AZ 85351, USA.
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