1
|
Coates RJ, Young MT, Scofield S. Optimising expression and extraction of recombinant proteins in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1074531. [PMID: 36570881 PMCID: PMC9773421 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1074531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant proteins are of paramount importance for research, industrial and medical use. Numerous expression chassis are available for recombinant protein production, and while bacterial and mammalian cell cultures are the most widely used, recent developments have positioned transgenic plant chassis as viable and often preferential options. Plant chassis are easily maintained at low cost, are hugely scalable, and capable of producing large quantities of protein bearing complex post-translational modification. Several protein targets, including antibodies and vaccines against human disease, have been successfully produced in plants, highlighting the significant potential of plant chassis. The aim of this review is to act as a guide to producing recombinant protein in plants, discussing recent progress in the field and summarising the factors that must be considered when utilising plants as recombinant protein expression systems, with a focus on optimising recombinant protein expression at the genetic level, and the subsequent extraction and purification of target proteins, which can lead to substantial improvements in protein stability, yield and purity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simon Scofield
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li C, Ma W, Jin L, Song R, Qi W. Endosperm-specific accumulation of human α-lactalbumin increases seed lysine content in maize. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2023-2035. [PMID: 35918456 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrated high expression and accumulation of human α-lactalbumin in transgenic maize, and significant improvement of lysine content in maize endosperm. As a high-yield crop, lack of lysine in endosperm storage protein is a major defect of maize (Zea mays L.). Specifically expression of foreign proteins is a potential way to improve lysine content in maize endosperm. Human α-lactalbumin is such a protein with high lysine content and high nutritional value. In this study, the codon-optimized human lactalbumin alpha (LALBA) gene was driven by maize endosperm-specific 27 kD γ-zein promoter, and transformed into maize. Five independent transgenic lines were obtained, and LALBA was highly expressed in endosperm in all these lines. Protein assay indicated that human α-lactalbumin was highly accumulated in maize endosperm. Immuno-localization assay indicated that human α-lactalbumin was mainly deposited into the protein body (PB). Protein interaction assay showed that human α-lactalbumin interacted with 16 kD γ-zein, which might lead to its deposition to the PBs. Amino acid analysis of two independent transgenic lines showed significant increase of lysine contents in transgenic endosperm, with 47.26% and 45.15% increase to their non-transgenic seeds, respectively. We obtained transgenic maize with endosperm-specific accumulation of human α-lactalbumin at high level and increased the lysine content in maize endosperm. This study demonstrated an effective way to improve the nutritional value of maize seeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenwanli Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Lifang Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Rentao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, Li X, Fan B, Zhu C, Chen Z. Specialized endoplasmic reticulum-derived vesicles in plants: Functional diversity, evolution, and biotechnological exploitation. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:821-835. [PMID: 35142108 PMCID: PMC9314129 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A central role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the synthesis, folding and quality control of secretory proteins. Secretory proteins usually exit the ER to enter the Golgi apparatus in coat protein complex II (COPII)-coated vesicles before transport to different subcellular destinations. However, in plants there are specialized ER-derived vesicles (ERDVs) that carry specific proteins but, unlike COPII vesicles, can exist as independent organelles or travel to the vacuole in a Golgi-independent manner. These specialized ERDVs include protein bodies and precursor-accumulating vesicles that accumulate storage proteins in the endosperm during seed development. Specialized ERDVs also include precursor protease vesicles that accumulate amino acid sequence KDEL-tailed cysteine proteases and ER bodies in Brassicales plants that accumulate myrosinases that hydrolyzes glucosinolates. These functionally specialized ERDVs act not only as storage organelles but also as platforms for signal-triggered processing, activation and deployment of specific proteins with important roles in plant growth, development and adaptive responses. Some specialized ERDVs have also been exploited to increase production of recombinant proteins and metabolites. Here we discuss our current understanding of the functional diversity, evolutionary mechanisms and biotechnological application of specialized ERDVs, which are associated with some of the highly remarkable characteristics important to plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xie Li
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceChina Jiliang UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Xifeng Li
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceChina Jiliang UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Baofang Fan
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant BiologyPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette47907‐2054INUSA
| | - Cheng Zhu
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceChina Jiliang UniversityHangzhou310018China
| | - Zhixiang Chen
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Marine Food Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceChina Jiliang UniversityHangzhou310018China
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Center for Plant BiologyPurdue UniversityWest Lafayette47907‐2054INUSA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feng Y, Ma Y, Feng F, Chen X, Qi W, Ma Z, Song R. Accumulation of 22 kDa α-zein-mediated nonzein protein in protein body of maize endosperm. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:265-281. [PMID: 34637530 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein bodies (PBs), the major protein storage organelle in maize (Zea mays) endosperm, comprise zeins and numerous nonzein proteins (NZPs). Unlike zeins, how NZPs accumulate in PBs remains unclear. We characterized a maize miniature kernel mutant, mn*, that produces small kernels and is embryo-lethal. After cloning the Mn* locus, we determined that it encodes the mitochondrial 50S ribosomal protein L10 (mRPL10). MN* localized to mitochondria and PBs as an NZP; therefore, we renamed MN* Non-zein Protein 1 (NZP1). Like other mutations affecting mitochondrial proteins, mn* impaired mitochondrial function and morphology. To investigate its accumulation mechanism to PBs, we performed protein interaction assays between major zein proteins and NZP1, and found that NZP1 interacts with 22 kDa α-zein. Levels of NZP1 and 22 kDa α-zein in various opaque mutants were correlated. Furthermore, NZP1 accumulation in induced PBs depended on its interaction with 22 kDa α-zein. Comparative proteomic analysis of PBs between wild-type and opaque2 revealed additional NZPs. A new NZP with plastidial localization was also found to accumulate in induced PBs via interaction with 22 kDa α-zein. This study thus reveals a mechanism for accumulation of NZPs in PBs and suggests a potential application for the accumulation of foreign proteins in maize PBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yafei Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xinze Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, Plant Science Center, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zeyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Rentao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang J, Xun H, Niu L, He H, Cheng Y, Zhong X, Zhao Q, Xing G, Liu J, Yang X. Elastin-like polypeptide and γ-zein fusions significantly increase recombinant protein accumulation in soybean seeds. Transgenic Res 2021; 30:675-686. [PMID: 33963986 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-021-00258-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Soybean seeds are an ideal host for the production of recombinant proteins because of their high content of proteins, long-term stability of seed proteins under ambient conditions, and easy establishment of efficient purification protocols. In this study, a polypeptide fusion strategy was applied to explore the capacity of elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) and γ-zein fusions in increasing the accumulation of the recombinant protein in soybean seeds. Transgenic soybean plants were generated to express the γ-zein- or ELP-fused green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the soybean seed-specific promoter of β-conglycinin alpha subunit (BCSP). Significant differences were observed in the accumulation of zein-GFP and GFP-ELP from that of the unfused GFP in transgenic soybean seeds based on the total soluble protein (TSP), despite the low-copy of T-DNA insertions and similar expression at the mRNA levels in selected transgenic lines. The average levels of zein-GFP and GFP-ELP accumulated in immature seeds of these transgenic lines were 0.99% and 0.29% TSP, respectively, compared with 0.07% TSP of the unfused GFP. In mature soybean seeds, the accumulation of zein-GFP and GFP-ELP proteins was 1.8% and 0.84% TSP, an increase of 3.91- and 1.82-fold, respectively, in comparison with that of the unfused GFP (0.46% TSP). Confocal laser scanning analysis showed that both zein-GFP and GFP-ELP were abundantly deposited in many small spherical particles of transgenic seeds, while there were fewer such florescence signals in the same cellular compartments of the unfused GFP-expressing seeds. Despite increased recombinant protein accumulation, there were no significant changes in the total protein and oil content in seeds between the transgenic and non-transformed plants, suggesting the possible presence of threshold limits of total protein accumulation in transgenic soybean seeds. Overall, our results indicate that γ-zein and ELP fusions significantly increased the accumulation of the recombinant protein, but exhibited no significant influence on the total protein and oil content in soybean seeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - HongWei Xun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Lu Niu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Hongli He
- Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, China
| | | | - Xiaofang Zhong
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Guojie Xing
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China
| | | | - Xiangdong Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130033, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chhuon C, Zhang SY, Jung V, Lewandowski D, Lipecka J, Pawlak A, Sahali D, Ollero M, Guerrera IC. A sensitive S-Trap-based approach to the analysis of T cell lipid raft proteome. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1512-1523. [PMID: 32769147 PMCID: PMC7604723 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d120000672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of T cell lipid raft proteome is challenging due to the highly dynamic nature of rafts and the hydrophobic character of raft-resident proteins. We explored an innovative strategy for bottom-up lipid raftomics based on suspension-trapping (S-Trap) sample preparation. Mouse T cells were prepared from splenocytes by negative immunoselection, and rafts were isolated by a detergent-free method and OptiPrep gradient ultracentrifugation. Microdomains enriched in flotillin-1, LAT, and cholesterol were subjected to proteomic analysis through an optimized protocol based on S-Trap and high pH fractionation, followed by nano-LC-MS/MS. Using this method, we identified 2,680 proteins in the raft-rich fraction and established a database of 894 T cell raft proteins. We then performed a differential analysis on the raft-rich fraction from nonstimulated versus anti-CD3/CD28 T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulated T cells. Our results revealed 42 proteins present in one condition and absent in the other. For the first time, we performed a proteomic analysis on rafts from ex vivo T cells obtained from individual mice, before and after TCR activation. This work demonstrates that the proposed method utilizing an S-Trap-based approach for sample preparation increases the specificity and sensitivity of lipid raftomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cerina Chhuon
- Proteomic Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche SFR Necker US24, Paris, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
| | - Shao-Yu Zhang
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
| | - Vincent Jung
- Proteomic Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche SFR Necker US24, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Lewandowski
- CEA/DRF/IBFJ/iRCM/LRTS, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
- CEA/DRF/IBFJ/iRCM/LRTS, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
- CEA/DRF/IBFJ/iRCM/LRTS, Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
- Université Paris-Sud, Paris, France
| | - Joanna Lipecka
- Proteomic Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche SFR Necker US24, Paris, France
| | - André Pawlak
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
| | - Dil Sahali
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Mario Ollero
- Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, INSERM, U955, Créteil, France
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Ida Chiara Guerrera
- Proteomic Platform Necker, Structure Fédérative de Recherche SFR Necker US24, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ximba P, Chapman R, Meyers AE, Margolin E, van Diepen MT, Williamson AL, Rybicki EP. Characterization and Immunogenicity of HIV Envelope gp140 Zera ® Tagged Antigens. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:321. [PMID: 32328488 PMCID: PMC7160593 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) remains the most relevant target for the elicitation of functional antibodies to HIV by vaccination. However, soluble Env antigens often do not elicit the desired immune responses. Delivering subunit antigens on particulate nanoparticles is an established approach to improve their immunogenicity. In this study the sequence encoding Zera®, a proline-rich domain derived from the γ-zein storage protein, was fused to either the C- or N-terminus of the superinfecting HIV-1 CAP256 gp140 envelope: Zera® generally induces the formation of protein bodies (PBs), which can significantly improve both the immunogenicity and yields of the partner protein. The expression of gp140-Zera® and Zera®-gp140 (N- and C-terminal fusions respectively) in mammalian cells was confirmed by western blot analysis and immunostaining. However, isopycnic ultracentrifugation showed that neither gp140-Zera® nor Zera®-gp140 accumulated in characteristic electron-dense PBs. gp140-Zera® elicited higher binding antibody titers in rabbits to autologous gp140 and V1V2 scaffold than Zera®-gp140. Rabbit anti-gp140-Zera® sera also had significantly higher Tier 1A neutralizing antibody titers than anti-Zera®-gp140 sera. Neither gp140-Zera® nor Zera®-gp140-specific sera neutralized Tier 1B or autologous Tier 2 viruses. These results showed that HIV-1 gp140 tagged with Zera® at either the N- or C-termini elicited high titers of gp140 and V1V2 binding antibodies, and low levels of Tier 1 neutralizing antibodies in rabbits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phindile Ximba
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rosamund Chapman
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ann E Meyers
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Emmanuel Margolin
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michiel T van Diepen
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anna-Lise Williamson
- Division of Medical Virology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Edward P Rybicki
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Schwestka J, Tschofen M, Vogt S, Marcel S, Grillari J, Raith M, Swoboda I, Stoger E. Plant-derived protein bodies as delivery vehicles for recombinant proteins into mammalian cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:1037-1047. [PMID: 31956981 PMCID: PMC7079162 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The encapsulation of biopharmaceuticals into micro- or nanoparticles is a strategy frequently used to prevent degradation or to achieve the slow release of therapeutics and vaccines. Protein bodies (PBs), which occur naturally as storage organelles in seeds, can be used as such carrier vehicles. The fusion of the N-terminal sequence of the maize storage protein, γ-zein, to other proteins is sufficient to induce the formation of PBs, which can be used to bioencapsulate recombinant proteins directly in the plant production host. In addition, the immunostimulatory effects of zein have been reported, which are advantageous for vaccine delivery. However, little is known about the interaction between zein PBs and mammalian cells. To better understand this interaction, fluorescent PBs, resulting from the fusion of the N-terminal portion of zein to a green fluorescent protein, was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, recovered by a filtration-based downstream procedure, and used to investigate their internalization efficiency into mammalian cells. We show that fluorescent PBs were efficiently internalized into intestinal epithelial cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) at a higher rate than polystyrene beads of comparable size. Furthermore, we observed that PBs stimulated cytokine secretion by epithelial cells, a characteristic that may confer vaccine adjuvant activities through the recruitment of APCs. Taken together, these results support the use of zein fusion proteins in developing novel approaches for drug delivery based on controlled protein packaging into plant PBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schwestka
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Marc Tschofen
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | | | - Johannes Grillari
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular BiotechnologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin AgingUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical TraumatologyViennaAustria
| | - Marianne Raith
- Biotechnology Section, FH Campus WienUniversity of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna BiocenterViennaAustria
| | - Ines Swoboda
- Biotechnology Section, FH Campus WienUniversity of Applied Sciences Campus Vienna BiocenterViennaAustria
| | - Eva Stoger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell BiologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moon KB, Park JS, Park YI, Song IJ, Lee HJ, Cho HS, Jeon JH, Kim HS. Development of Systems for the Production of Plant-Derived Biopharmaceuticals. PLANTS 2019; 9:plants9010030. [PMID: 31878277 PMCID: PMC7020158 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Over the last several decades, plants have been developed as a platform for the production of useful recombinant proteins due to a number of advantages, including rapid production and scalability, the ability to produce unique glycoforms, and the intrinsic safety of food crops. The expression methods used to produce target proteins are divided into stable and transient systems depending on applications that use whole plants or minimally processed forms. In the early stages of research, stable expression systems were mostly used; however, in recent years, transient expression systems have been preferred. The production of the plant itself, which produces recombinant proteins, is currently divided into two major approaches, open-field cultivation and closed-indoor systems. The latter encompasses such regimes as greenhouses, vertical farming units, cell bioreactors, and hydroponic systems. Various aspects of each system will be discussed in this review, which focuses mainly on practical examples and commercially feasible approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Beom Moon
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-B.M.); (J.-S.P.); (H.-J.L.); (H.S.C.); (J.-H.J.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Deahank-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Ji-Sun Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-B.M.); (J.-S.P.); (H.-J.L.); (H.S.C.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Youn-Il Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Deahank-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - In-Ja Song
- National Research Safety Headquarters, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang, Chungbuk-do 28116, Korea;
| | - Hyo-Jun Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-B.M.); (J.-S.P.); (H.-J.L.); (H.S.C.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Hye Sun Cho
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-B.M.); (J.-S.P.); (H.-J.L.); (H.S.C.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Jae-Heung Jeon
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-B.M.); (J.-S.P.); (H.-J.L.); (H.S.C.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Hyun-Soon Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea; (K.-B.M.); (J.-S.P.); (H.-J.L.); (H.S.C.); (J.-H.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-860-4493
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
马 洁, 吴 乐, 丁 向, 李 志, 王 盛. [Transient expression of bioactive recombinant human plasminogen activator in tobacco leaf]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:515-522. [PMID: 31140413 PMCID: PMC6743930 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.05.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the potential of transient expression of recombinant human plasminogen activator (rhPA) in plants as a cost-effective approach for recombinant rhPA production. METHODS Tobacco mosaic virus-based expression vector pTMV rhPA-NSK and plant binary expression vector pJ Zera-rhPA were constructed by in vitro sequence synthesis and subcloning. The two vectors were inoculated on either Nicotiana benthamiana or N. excelsiana leaves via agroinfiltration. The expression of recombinant rhPA in Nicotiana leaves was examined using Western blotting and ELISA, and the in vitro fibrinolysis activity of plant-produced rhPA was assessed by fibrin agarose plate assay (FAPA). RESULTS Five to nine days after infiltration with an Agrobacterium inoculum containing pTMV rhPA-NSK, necrosis appeared in the infiltrated area on the leaves of both Nicotiana plants, but intact recombinant rhPA was still present in the necrotic leaf tissues. The accumulation level of recombinant rhPA in infiltrated N. benthamiana leaves was significantly higher than that in N. excelsiana leaves (P < 0.05). The yield of recombinant rhPA was up to 0.6% of the total soluble protein (or about 60.0 μg per gram) in the fresh leaf biomass at 7 days post-inoculation. The plant-derived rhPA was bioactive to convert inactive plasminogen to active plasmin. No necrosis occurred in pJ Zera-rhPA-infiltrated leaves. The Zera-rhPA protein was partially cleaved between the site of Zera tag and rhPA sequence in both Nicotiana leaves. We speculated that the formation of Zera tags-induced particles in the plant cells was a dynamic process of progressive aggregation in which some of the soluble polypeptides were encapsulated in these particles. CONCLUSIONS Enzymatically active recombinant rhPA can be rapidly expressed in tobacco plants using the plant viral ampliconbased system, which offers a promising alternative for cost-effective production of recombinant rhPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 洁雪 马
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - 乐乐 吴
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - 向真 丁
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
- 宁夏优势特色作物现代分子育种重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - 志英 李
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
- 宁夏优势特色作物现代分子育种重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - 盛 王
- 西部特色生物资源保护与利用教育部重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Protection and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, Yinchuan 750021, China
- 宁夏优势特色作物现代分子育种重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao X, Li WF, Wang Y, Ma ZH, Yang SJ, Zhou Q, Mao J, Chen BH. Elevated CO 2 concentration promotes photosynthesis of grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Pinot noir') plantlet in vitro by regulating RbcS and Rca revealed by proteomic and transcriptomic profiles. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:42. [PMID: 30696402 PMCID: PMC6352424 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1644-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant photosynthesis can be improved by elevated CO2 concentration (eCO2). In vitro growth under CO2 enriched environment can lead to greater biomass accumulation than the conventional in micropropagation. However, little is know about how eCO2 promotes transformation of grape plantlets in vitro from heterotrophic to autotrophic. In addition, how photosynthesis-related genes and their proteins are expressed under eCO2 and the mechanisms of how eCO2 regulates RbcS, Rca and their proteins have not been reported. RESULTS Grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. 'Pinot Noir') plantlets in vitro were cultured with 2% sucrose designated as control (CK), with eCO2 (1000 μmol·mol- 1) as C0, with both 2% sucrose and eCO2 as Cs. Here, transcriptomic and proteomic profiles associated with photosynthesis and growth in leaves of V. vinifera at different CO2 concentration were analyzed. A total of 1814 genes (465 up-regulated and 1349 down-regulated) and 172 proteins (80 up-regulated and 97 down-regulated) were significantly differentially expressed in eCO2 compared to CK. Photosynthesis-antenna, photosynthesis and metabolism pathways were enriched based on GO and KEGG. Simultaneously, 9, 6 and 48 proteins were involved in the three pathways, respectively. The leaf area, plantlet height, qP, ΦPSII and ETR increased under eCO2, whereas Fv/Fm and NPQ decreased. Changes of these physiological indexes are related to the function of DEPs. After combined analysis of proteomic and transcriptomic, the results make clear that eCO2 have different effects on gene transcription and translation. RbcS was not correlated with its mRNA level, suggesting that the change in the amount of RbcS is regulated at their transcript levels by eCO2. However, Rca was negatively correlated with its mRNA level, it is suggested that the change in the amount of its corresponding protein is regulated at their translation levels by eCO2. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptomic, proteomic and physiological analysis were used to evaluate eCO2 effects on photosynthesis. The eCO2 triggered the RbcS and Rca up-regulated, thus promoting photosynthesis and then advancing transformation of grape plantlets from heterotrophic to autotrophic. This research will helpful to understand the influence of eCO2 on plant growth and promote reveal the mechanism of plant transformation from heterotrophic to autotrophic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Fang Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zong-Huan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Jin Yang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Mao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bai-Hong Chen
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Arcalis E, Ibl V, Hilscher J, Rademacher T, Avesani L, Morandini F, Bortesi L, Pezzotti M, Vitale A, Pum D, De Meyer T, Depicker A, Stoger E. Russell-Like Bodies in Plant Seeds Share Common Features With Prolamin Bodies and Occur Upon Recombinant Protein Production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:777. [PMID: 31316529 PMCID: PMC6611407 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although many recombinant proteins have been produced in seeds at high yields without adverse effects on the plant, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and aberrant localization of endogenous or recombinant proteins have also been reported. The production of murine interleukin-10 (mIL-10) in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds resulted in the de novo formation of ER-derived structures containing a large fraction of the recombinant protein in an insoluble form. These bodies containing mIL-10 were morphologically similar to Russell bodies found in mammalian cells. We confirmed that the compartment containing mIL-10 was enclosed by ER membranes, and 3D electron microscopy revealed that these structures have a spheroidal shape. Another feature shared with Russell bodies is the continued viability of the cells that generate these organelles. To investigate similarities in the formation of Russell-like bodies and the plant-specific protein bodies formed by prolamins in cereal seeds, we crossed plants containing ectopic ER-derived prolamin protein bodies with a line accumulating mIL-10 in Russell-like bodies. This resulted in seeds containing only one population of protein bodies in which mIL-10 inclusions formed a central core surrounded by the prolamin-containing matrix, suggesting that both types of protein aggregates are together removed from the secretory pathway by a common mechanism. We propose that, like mammalian cells, plant cells are able to form Russell-like bodies as a self-protection mechanism, when they are overloaded with a partially transport-incompetent protein, and we discuss the resulting challenges for recombinant protein production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Arcalis
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Ibl
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Hilscher
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rademacher
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Aachen, Germany
| | - Linda Avesani
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Luisa Bortesi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Pezzotti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vitale
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, CNR, Milan, Italy
| | - Dietmar Pum
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas De Meyer
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ann Depicker
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eva Stoger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Eva Stoger, ;
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ramírez-Alanis IA, Renaud JB, García-Lara S, Menassa R, Cardineau GA. Transient co-expression with three O-glycosylation enzymes allows production of GalNAc- O-glycosylated Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor in N. benthamiana. PLANT METHODS 2018; 14:98. [PMID: 30410568 PMCID: PMC6219069 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-018-0363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of economically relevant proteins in alternative expression platforms, especially plant expression platforms, has gained significant interest in recent years. A special interest in working with plants as bioreactors for the production of pharmaceutical proteins is related to low production costs, product safety and quality. Among the different properties that plants can also offer for the production of recombinant proteins, protein glycosylation is crucial since it may have an impact on pharmaceutical functionality and/or stability. RESULTS The pharmaceutical glycoprotein human Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor was transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana plants and subjected to mammalian-specific mucin-type O-glycosylation by co-expressing the pharmaceutical protein together with the glycosylation machinery responsible for such post-translational modification. CONCLUSIONS The pharmaceutical glycoprotein human Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor can be expressed in N. benthamiana plants via agroinfiltration with its native mammalian-specific mucin-type O-glycosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israel A. Ramírez-Alanis
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, NL Mexico
| | | | - Silverio García-Lara
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, NL Mexico
| | - Rima Menassa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON Canada
| | - Guy A. Cardineau
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849 Monterrey, NL Mexico
- Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004-4467 USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Santos RB, Pires AS, Abranches R. Addition of a histone deacetylase inhibitor increases recombinant protein expression in Medicago truncatula cell cultures. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16756. [PMID: 29196720 PMCID: PMC5711867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cell cultures are an attractive platform for the production of recombinant proteins. A major drawback, hindering the establishment of plant cell suspensions as an industrial platform, is the low product yield obtained thus far. Histone acetylation is associated with increased transcription levels, therefore it is expected that the use of histone deacetylase inhibitors would result in an increase in mRNA and protein levels. Here, this hypothesis was tested by adding a histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA), to a cell line of the model legume Medicago truncatula expressing a recombinant human protein. Histone deacetylase inhibition by SAHA and histone acetylation levels were studied, and the effect of SAHA on gene expression and recombinant protein levels was assessed by digital PCR. SAHA addition effectively inhibited histone deacetylase activity resulting in increased histone acetylation. Higher levels of transgene expression and accumulation of the associated protein were observed. This is the first report describing histone deacetylase inhibitors as inducers of recombinant protein expression in plant cell suspensions as well as the use of digital PCR in these biological systems. This study paves the way for employing epigenetic strategies to improve the final yields of recombinant proteins produced by plant cell cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita B Santos
- Plant Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Av República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Sofia Pires
- Plant Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Av República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Rita Abranches
- Plant Cell Biology Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB NOVA), Av República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Integrating cell biology and proteomic approaches in plants. J Proteomics 2017; 169:165-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
16
|
Hidalgo D, Abdoli-Nasab M, Jalali-Javaran M, Bru-Martínez R, Cusidó RM, Corchete P, Palazon J. Biotechnological production of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator protein (reteplase) from transplastomic tobacco cell cultures. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:130-137. [PMID: 28633085 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Transplastomic plants are a system of choice for the mass production of biopharmaceuticals due to the polyploidy of the plastid genome and the low risk of pollen-mediated outcrossing because of maternal inheritance. However, as field-grown plants, they can suffer contamination by agrochemicals and fertilizers, as well as fluctuations in yield due to climatic changes and infections. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), a protein used to treat heart attacks, converts plasminogen into plasmine, which digests fibrin and induces the dissolution of fibrin clots. Recently, we obtained transplastomic tobacco plants carrying the K2S gene encoding truncated human tPA (reteplase) with improved biological activity, and confirmed the presence of the target protein in the transgenic plant leaves. Considering the advantages of plant cell cultures for biopharmaceutical production, we established a cell line derived from the K2S tobacco plants. The active form of reteplase was quantified in cultures grown in light or darkness, with production 3-fold higher in light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Hidalgo
- Laboratori de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII sn, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maryam Abdoli-Nasab
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, High Technology and Environmental Science, Graduate University of Advanced Tecnology, P.O. Box 76315-117, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mokhtar Jalali-Javaran
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-336, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roque Bru-Martínez
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rosa M Cusidó
- Laboratori de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII sn, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Purificación Corchete
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, University of Salamanca, E-37007, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Javier Palazon
- Laboratori de Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII sn, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Saberianfar R, Menassa R. Protein bodies: how the ER deals with high accumulation of recombinant proteins. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2017; 15:671-673. [PMID: 28332302 PMCID: PMC5425386 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Saberianfar
- London Research and Development CentreAgriculture and Agri‐Food CanadaLondonONCanada
- Biology DepartmentUniversity of Western OntarioLondonONCanada
| | - Rima Menassa
- London Research and Development CentreAgriculture and Agri‐Food CanadaLondonONCanada
- Biology DepartmentUniversity of Western OntarioLondonONCanada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
van Zyl AR, Meyers AE, Rybicki EP. Development of plant-produced protein body vaccine candidates for bluetongue virus. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:47. [PMID: 28558675 PMCID: PMC5450216 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0370-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bluetongue is a disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by bluetongue virus serotypes (BTV), which have caused serious outbreaks worldwide. Commercially available vaccines are live-attenuated or inactivated virus strains: these are effective, but there is the risk of reversion to virulence or reassortment with circulating strains for live virus, and residual live virus for the inactivated vaccines. The live-attenuated virus vaccines are not able to distinguish naturally infected animals from vaccinated animals (DIVA compliant). Recombinant vaccines are preferable to minimize the risks associated with these vaccines, and would also enable the development of candidate vaccines that are DIVA-compliant. RESULTS In this study, two novel protein body (PB) plant-produced vaccines were developed, Zera®-VP2ep and Zera®-VP2. Zera®-VP2ep contained B-cell epitope sequences of multiple BTV serotypes and Zera®-VP2 contained the full-length BTV-8 VP2 codon-optimised sequence. In addition to fulfilling the DIVA requirement, Zera®-VP2ep was aimed at being multivalent with the ability to stimulate an immune response to several BTV serotypes. Both these candidate vaccines were successfully made in N. benthamiana via transient Agrobacterium-mediated expression, and in situ TEM analysis showed that the expressed proteins accumulated within the cytoplasm of plant cells in dense membrane-defined PBs. The peptide sequences included in Zera®-VP2ep contained epitopes that bound antibodies produced against native VP2. Preliminary murine immunogenicity studies showed that the PB vaccine candidates elicited anti-VP2 immune responses in mice without the use of adjuvant. CONCLUSIONS These proof of concept results demonstrate that Zera®-VP2ep and Zera®-VP2 have potential as BTV vaccines and their development should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albertha R. van Zyl
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7700 South Africa
| | - Ann E. Meyers
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7700 South Africa
| | - Edward P. Rybicki
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7700 South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925 South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The association of ribosomes with the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is dependent on Mg2+. The ribosomes can be stripped from the ER by removal of Mg2+ from the medium, resulting in a reduction in the ER membrane density and a diagnostic shift in migration when ER vesicles are analyzed by equilibrium density gradient centrifugation. Here, I describe the isolation of microsomes from Arabidopsis, followed by the use of the density shift approach in conjunction with equilibrium density gradient centrifugation as a means to diagnose whether a protein is associated with the ER. The same approach can also be used as a means to enrich for ER membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Eric Schaller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, 339 Life Sciences Center, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Guo H, Li R, Liu S, Zhao N, Han S, Lu M, Liu X, Xia X. Molecular characterization, expression, and regulation of Gynostemma pentaphyllum squalene epoxidase gene 1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 109:230-239. [PMID: 27744265 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a perennial medicinal herb widely distributed in China. This herb contains important medicinal components called gypenosides, which belong to dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins. Squalene epoxidase (SE, EC 1.14.99.7) catalyzes the epoxidation of squalene to form oxidosqualene and is a key regulatory enzyme in triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis. In this study, a SE gene designated as GpSE1 was isolated from G. pentaphyllum leaves. The deduced protein sequence of GpSE1 contained two conserved domains involved in the catalytic function of SE. GpSE1 was expressed as inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli cells, and the HIS-tagged recombinant protein was successfully purified and renatured in vitro. Immunofluorescence indicated that the polygonal reticular fluorescence signal of GpSE1 was significantly stronger in young leaves than in mature leaves and rhizomes. This finding is consistent with the tissue-specific expression pattern of GpSE1 and suggests that the young leaves of G. pentaphyllum mainly serve as the active site of gypenoside synthesis. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment upregulated GpSE1 expression in both the young and mature leaves of G. pentaphyllum, with greater upregulation in young leaves than in mature leaves. However, the expression of GpSE1 was not enhanced continually with the increase in MeJA concentration. Moreover, the GpSE1 expression was maximally regulated in response to 50 μM MeJA but not to 100 μM MeJA. This result indicates that MeJA exerts a concentration-dependent effect on GpSE1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihong Guo
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Rufang Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shibiao Liu
- College of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China.
| | - Na Zhao
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shuo Han
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xinli Xia
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang G, Wang G, Wang J, Du Y, Yao D, Shuai B, Han L, Tang Y, Song R. Comprehensive proteomic analysis of developing protein bodies in maize (Zea mays) endosperm provides novel insights into its biogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:6323-6335. [PMID: 27789589 PMCID: PMC5181578 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Prolamins, the major cereal seed storage proteins, are sequestered and accumulated in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and are directly assembled into protein bodies (PBs). The content and composition of prolamins are the key determinants for protein quality and texture-related traits of the grain. Concomitantly, the PB-inducing fusion system provides an efficient target to produce therapeutic and industrial products in plants. However, the proteome of the native PB and the detailed mechanisms underlying its formation still need to be determined. We developed a method to isolate highly purified and intact PBs from developing maize endosperm and conducted proteomic analysis of intact PBs of zein, a class of prolamine protein found in maize. We thus identified 1756 proteins, which fall into five major categories: metabolic pathways, response to stimulus, transport, development, and growth, as well as regulation. By comparing the proteomes of crude and enriched extractions of PBs, we found substantial evidence for the following conclusions: (i) ribosomes, ER membranes, and the cytoskeleton are tightly associated with zein PBs, which form the peripheral border; (ii) zein RNAs are probably transported and localized to the PB-ER subdomain; and (iii) ER chaperones are essential for zein folding, quality control, and assembly into PBs. We futher confirmed that OPAQUE1 (O1) cannot directly interact with FLOURY1 (FL1) in yeast, suggesting that the interaction between myosins XI and DUF593-containing proteins is isoform-specific. This study provides a proteomic roadmap for dissecting zein PB biogenesis and reveals an unexpected diversity and complexity of proteins in PBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guifeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
| | - Yulong Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
| | - Dongsheng Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
| | - Bilian Shuai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
| | - Liang Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
| | - Yuanping Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
| | - Rentao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China, and
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yao D, Qi W, Li X, Yang Q, Yan S, Ling H, Wang G, Wang G, Song R. Maize opaque10 Encodes a Cereal-Specific Protein That Is Essential for the Proper Distribution of Zeins in Endosperm Protein Bodies. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006270. [PMID: 27541862 PMCID: PMC4991801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereal storage proteins are major nitrogen sources for humans and livestock. Prolamins are the most abundant storage protein in most cereals. They are deposited into protein bodies (PBs) in seed endosperm. The inner structure and the storage mechanism for prolamin PBs is poorly understood. Maize opaque10 (o10) is a classic opaque endosperm mutant with misshapen PBs. Through positional cloning, we found that O10 encodes a novel cereal-specific PB protein. Its middle domain contains a seven-repeat sequence that is responsible for its dimerization. Its C terminus contains a transmembrane motif that is required for its ER localization and PB deposition. A cellular fractionation assay indicated that O10 is initially synthesized in the cytoplasm and then anchored to the ER and eventually deposited in the PB. O10 can interact with 19-kD and 22-kD α-zeins and 16-kD and 50-kD γ-zeins through its N-terminal domain. An immunolocalization assay indicated that O10 co-localizes with 16-kD γ-zein and 22-kD α-zein in PBs, forming a ring-shaped structure at the interface between the α-zein-rich core and the γ-zein-rich peripheral region. The loss of O10 function disrupts this ring-shaped distribution of 22-kD and 16-kD zeins, resulting in misshapen PBs. These results showed that O10, as a newly evolved PB protein, is essential for the ring-shaped distribution of 22-kD and 16-kD zeins and controls PB morphology in maize endosperm. Through the positional cloning of the maize classic endosperm mutant opaque10 (o10), we identified a novel protein critical for PB morphology. O10 is a fast-evolving cereal-specific gene with recent origin. A thorough characterization of its three functional domains revealed its important functions for storage protein deposition and organization in PBs. O10 determines a ring-shaped layer in PBs through direct interaction with two major storage proteins (22-kD and 16-kD zeins). This newly characterized PB layer maintains a stable spherical morphology for PB. This study advanced our understanding of PB structure and function. Furthermore, this study demonstrated the origin of a new functional gene and the functional evolution of a storage organelle that is highly valuable to humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center (CBRC), Beijing, China
| | - Xia Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumei Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiling Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center (CBRC), Beijing, China
| | - Guifeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center (CBRC), Beijing, China
| | - Rentao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center (CBRC), Beijing, China
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Saberianfar R, Sattarzadeh A, Joensuu JJ, Kohalmi SE, Menassa R. Protein Bodies in Leaves Exchange Contents through the Endoplasmic Reticulum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:693. [PMID: 27242885 PMCID: PMC4876836 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Protein bodies (PBs) are organelles found in seeds whose main function is the storage of proteins that are used during germination for sustaining growth. PBs can also be induced to form in leaves when foreign proteins are produced at high levels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and when fused to one of three tags: Zera®, elastin-like polypeptides (ELP), or hydrophobin-I (HFBI). In this study, we investigate the differences between ELP, HFBI and Zera PB formation, packing, and communication. Our results confirm the ER origin of all three fusion-tag-induced PBs. We show that secretory pathway proteins can be sequestered into all types of PBs but with different patterns, and that different fusion tags can target a specific protein to different PBs. Zera PBs are mobile and dependent on actomyosin motility similar to ELP and HFBI PBs. We show in vivo trafficking of proteins between PBs using GFP photoconversion. We also show that protein trafficking between ELP or HFBI PBs is faster and proteins travel further when compared to Zera PBs. Our results indicate that fusion-tag-induced PBs do not represent terminally stored cytosolic organelles, but that they form in, and remain part of the ER, and dynamically communicate with each other via the ER. We hypothesize that the previously documented PB mobility along the actin cytoskeleton is associated with ER movement rather than independent streaming of detached organelles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Saberianfar
- Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaLondon, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western OntarioLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Amirali Sattarzadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell UniversityIthaca, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Rima Menassa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaLondon, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western OntarioLondon, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Rima Menassa
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hofbauer A, Melnik S, Tschofen M, Arcalis E, Phan HT, Gresch U, Lampel J, Conrad U, Stoger E. The Encapsulation of Hemagglutinin in Protein Bodies Achieves a Stronger Immune Response in Mice than the Soluble Antigen. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:142. [PMID: 26909090 PMCID: PMC4754457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Zein is a water-insoluble polymer from maize seeds that has been widely used to produce carrier particles for the delivery of therapeutic molecules. We encapsulated a recombinant model vaccine antigen in newly formed zein bodies in planta by generating a fusion construct comprising the ectodomain of hemagglutinin subtype 5 and the N-terminal part of γ-zein. The chimeric protein was transiently produced in tobacco leaves, and H5-containing protein bodies (PBs) were used to immunize mice. An immune response was achieved in all mice treated with H5-zein, even at low doses. The fusion to zein markedly enhanced the IgG response compared the soluble H5 control, and the effect was similar to a commercial adjuvant. The co-administration of adjuvants with the H5-zein bodies did not enhance the immune response any further, suggesting that the zein portion itself mediates an adjuvant effect. While the zein portion used to induce protein body formation was only weakly immunogenic, our results indicate that zein-induced PBs are promising production and delivery vehicles for subunit vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hofbauer
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Stanislav Melnik
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Marc Tschofen
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Elsa Arcalis
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Hoang T. Phan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Ulrike Gresch
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Johannes Lampel
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Udo Conrad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGatersleben, Germany
| | - Eva Stoger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesVienna, Austria
- *Correspondence: Eva Stoger, .
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mbewana S, Mortimer E, Pêra FFPG, Hitzeroth II, Rybicki EP. Production of H5N1 Influenza Virus Matrix Protein 2 Ectodomain Protein Bodies in Tobacco Plants and in Insect Cells as a Candidate Universal Influenza Vaccine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2015; 3:197. [PMID: 26697423 PMCID: PMC4672040 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2015.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The spread of influenza A viruses is partially controlled and prevented by vaccination. The matrix protein 2 ectodomain (M2e) is the most conserved sequence in influenza A viruses, and is therefore a good potential target for a vaccine to protect against multiple virus subtypes. We explored the feasibility of an M2e-based universal influenza A vaccine candidate based on the highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus, H5N1. A synthetic M2e gene was human- and plant-codon optimized and fused in-frame with a sequence encoding the N-terminal proline-rich domain (Zera(®)) of the γ-zein protein of maize. Zera(®)M2e was expressed transiently in Nicotiana benthamiana and Sf21 baculovirus/insect cell expression systems, and Zera(®)M2e protein bodies (PBs) were successfully produced in both expression systems. The plant-produced Zera(®)M2e PBs were purified and injected into Balb/c mice. Western blot analysis using insect cell-produced Zera(®)M2e PBs and multiple tandem M2e sequences (5xM2e) fused with the avian influenza H5N1 transmembrane and cytosolic tail (5xM2e_tHA) confirmed the presence of M2e-specific antibodies in immunized mice sera. The immunogenicity of the Zera(®)M2e indicates that our plant-produced protein has potential as an inexpensive universal influenza A vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandiswa Mbewana
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch , South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Mortimer
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch , South Africa
| | - Francisco F P G Pêra
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch , South Africa
| | - Inga Isabel Hitzeroth
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch , South Africa
| | - Edward P Rybicki
- Biopharming Research Unit, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch , South Africa ; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Heath Science, University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Saberianfar R, Joensuu JJ, Conley AJ, Menassa R. Protein body formation in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana: a concentration-dependent mechanism influenced by the presence of fusion tags. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2015; 13:927-37. [PMID: 25640969 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein bodies (PBs) are endoplasmic reticulum (ER) derived organelles originally found in seeds whose function is to accumulate seed storage proteins. It has been shown that PB formation is not limited to seeds and green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to either elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) or hydrophobin (HFBI) fusion tags induce the formation of PBs in leaves of N. benthamiana. In this study, we compared the ELP- and HFBI-induced PBs and showed that ELP-induced PBs are larger than HFBI-induced PBs. The size of ELP- and HFBI-induced PBs increased over time along with the accumulation levels of their fused protein. Our results show that PB formation is a concentration-dependent mechanism in which proteins accumulating at levels higher than 0.2% of total soluble protein are capable of inducing PBs in vivo. Our results show that the presence of fusion tags is not necessary for the formation of PBs, but affects the distribution pattern and size of PBs. This was confirmed by PBs induced by fluorescent proteins as well as fungal xylanases. We noticed that in the process of PB formation, secretory and ER-resident molecules are passively sequestered into the lumen of PBs. We propose to use this property of PBs as a tool to increase the accumulation levels of erythropoietin and human interleukin-10 by co-expression with PB-inducing proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Saberianfar
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Rima Menassa
- Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hofbauer A, Peters J, Arcalis E, Rademacher T, Lampel J, Eudes F, Vitale A, Stoger E. The Induction of Recombinant Protein Bodies in Different Subcellular Compartments Reveals a Cryptic Plastid-Targeting Signal in the 27-kDa γ-Zein Sequence. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2014; 2:67. [PMID: 25566533 PMCID: PMC4263181 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2014.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring storage proteins such as zeins are used as fusion partners for recombinant proteins because they induce the formation of ectopic storage organelles known as protein bodies (PBs) where the proteins are stabilized by intermolecular interactions and the formation of disulfide bonds. Endogenous PBs are derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we have used different targeting sequences to determine whether ectopic PBs composed of the N-terminal portion of mature 27 kDa γ-zein added to a fluorescent protein could be induced to form elsewhere in the cell. The addition of a transit peptide for targeting to plastids causes PB formation in the stroma, whereas in the absence of any added targeting sequence PBs were typically associated with the plastid envelope, revealing the presence of a cryptic plastid-targeting signal within the γ-zein cysteine-rich domain. The subcellular localization of the PBs influences their morphology and the solubility of the stored recombinant fusion protein. Our results indicate that the biogenesis and budding of PBs does not require ER-specific factors and therefore, confirm that γ-zein is a versatile fusion partner for recombinant proteins offering unique opportunities for the accumulation and bioencapsulation of recombinant proteins in different subcellular compartments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hofbauer
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Vienna , Austria
| | - Jenny Peters
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Vienna , Austria
| | - Elsa Arcalis
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Vienna , Austria
| | - Thomas Rademacher
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University , Aachen , Germany
| | - Johannes Lampel
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Vienna , Austria
| | - François Eudes
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada , Lethbridge, AB , Canada
| | - Alessandro Vitale
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council (CNR) , Milan , Italy
| | - Eva Stoger
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Vienna , Austria
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
López-Quesada C, Fontaine AS, Farré A, Joseph M, Selva J, Egea G, Ludevid MD, Martín-Badosa E, Montes-Usategui M. Artificially-induced organelles are optimal targets for optical trapping experiments in living cells. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2014; 5:1993-2008. [PMID: 25071944 PMCID: PMC4102344 DOI: 10.1364/boe.5.001993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Optical trapping supplies information on the structural, kinetic or rheological properties of inner constituents of the cell. However, the application of significant forces to intracellular objects is notoriously difficult due to a combination of factors, such as the small difference between the refractive indices of the target structures and the cytoplasm. Here we discuss the possibility of artificially inducing the formation of spherical organelles in the endoplasmic reticulum, which would contain densely packed engineered proteins, to be used as optimized targets for optical trapping experiments. The high index of refraction and large size of our organelles provide a firm grip for optical trapping and thereby allow us to exert large forces easily within safe irradiation limits. This has clear advantages over alternative probes, such as subcellular organelles or internalized synthetic beads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. López-Quesada
- Optical Trapping Lab – Grup de Biofotònica, Departament de Física Aplicada i Òptica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A.-S. Fontaine
- Optical Trapping Lab – Grup de Biofotònica, Departament de Física Aplicada i Òptica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Farré
- Optical Trapping Lab – Grup de Biofotònica, Departament de Física Aplicada i Òptica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Joseph
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Selva
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), U. de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - G. Egea
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Immunologia i Neurociències, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona and Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), U. de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. D. Ludevid
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - E. Martín-Badosa
- Optical Trapping Lab – Grup de Biofotònica, Departament de Física Aplicada i Òptica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), U. de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Montes-Usategui
- Optical Trapping Lab – Grup de Biofotònica, Departament de Física Aplicada i Òptica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), U. de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Reuter LJ, Bailey MJ, Joensuu JJ, Ritala A. Scale-up of hydrophobin-assisted recombinant protein production in tobacco BY-2 suspension cells. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:402-10. [PMID: 24341724 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant suspension cell cultures are emerging as an alternative to mammalian cells for production of complex recombinant proteins. Plant cell cultures provide low production cost, intrinsic safety and adherence to current regulations, but low yields and costly purification technology hinder their commercialization. Fungal hydrophobins have been utilized as fusion tags to improve yields and facilitate efficient low-cost purification by surfactant-based aqueous two-phase separation (ATPS) in plant, fungal and insect cells. In this work, we report the utilization of hydrophobin fusion technology in tobacco bright yellow 2 (BY-2) suspension cell platform and the establishment of pilot-scale propagation and downstream processing including first-step purification by ATPS. Green fluorescent protein-hydrophobin fusion (GFP-HFBI) induced the formation of protein bodies in tobacco suspension cells, thus encapsulating the fusion protein into discrete compartments. Cultivation of the BY-2 suspension cells was scaled up in standard stirred tank bioreactors up to 600 L production volume, with no apparent change in growth kinetics. Subsequently, ATPS was applied to selectively capture the GFP-HFBI product from crude cell lysate, resulting in threefold concentration, good purity and up to 60% recovery. The ATPS was scaled up to 20 L volume, without loss off efficiency. This study provides the first proof of concept for large-scale hydrophobin-assisted production of recombinant proteins in tobacco BY-2 cell suspensions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauri J Reuter
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Company N, Nadal A, La Paz JL, Martínez S, Rasche S, Schillberg S, Montesinos E, Pla M. The production of recombinant cationic α-helical antimicrobial peptides in plant cells induces the formation of protein bodies derived from the endoplasmic reticulum. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:81-92. [PMID: 24102775 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic linear antimicrobial peptides with cationic α-helical structures, such as BP100, are valuable as novel therapeutics and preservatives. However, they tend to be toxic when expressed at high levels as recombinant peptides in plants, and they can be difficult to detect and isolate from complex plant tissues because they are strongly cationic and display low extinction coefficient and extremely limited immunogenicity. We therefore expressed BP100 with a C-terminal tag which preserved its antimicrobial activity and demonstrated significant accumulation in plant cells. We used a fluorescent tag to trace BP100 following transiently expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and showed that it accumulated in large vesicles derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) along with typical ER luminal proteins. Interestingly, the formation of these vesicles was induced by BP100. Similar vesicles formed in stably transformed Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings, but the recombinant peptide was toxic to the host during latter developmental stages. This was avoided by selecting active BP100 derivatives based on their low haemolytic activity even though the selected peptides remained toxic to plant cells when applied exogenously at high doses. Using this strategy, we generated transgenic rice lines producing active BP100 derivatives with a yield of up to 0.5% total soluble protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Company
- Institute for Food and Agricultural Technology (INTEA), University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Peters J, Sabalza M, Ramessar K, Christou P, Capell T, Stöger E, Arcalís E. Efficient recovery of recombinant proteins from cereal endosperm is affected by interaction with endogenous storage proteins. Biotechnol J 2013; 8:1203-12. [PMID: 23960004 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201300068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cereal seeds are versatile platforms for the production of recombinant proteins because they provide a stable environment for protein accumulation. Endogenous seed storage proteins, however, include several prolamin-type polypeptides that aggregate and crosslink via intermolecular disulfide bridges, which could potentially interact with multimeric recombinant proteins such as antibodies, which assemble in the same manner. We investigated this possibility by sequentially extracting a human antibody expressed in maize endosperm, followed by precipitation in vitro with zein. We provide evidence that a significant proportion of the antibody pool interacts with zein and therefore cannot be extracted using non-reducing buffers. Immunolocalization experiments demonstrated that antibodies targeted for secretion were instead retained within zein bodies because of such covalent interactions. Our findings suggest that the production of soluble recombinant antibodies in maize could be enhanced by eliminating or minimizing interactions with endogenous storage proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Peters
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang G, Wang F, Wang G, Wang F, Zhang X, Zhong M, Zhang J, Lin D, Tang Y, Xu Z, Song R. Opaque1 encodes a myosin XI motor protein that is required for endoplasmic reticulum motility and protein body formation in maize endosperm. THE PLANT CELL 2012; 24:3447-62. [PMID: 22892319 PMCID: PMC3462643 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.112.101360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Myosins are encoded by multigene families and are involved in many basic biological processes. However, their functions in plants remain poorly understood. Here, we report the functional characterization of maize (Zea mays) opaque1 (o1), which encodes a myosin XI protein. o1 is a classic maize seed mutant with an opaque endosperm phenotype but a normal zein protein content. Compared with the wild type, o1 endosperm cells display dilated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structures and an increased number of smaller, misshapen protein bodies. The O1 gene was isolated by map-based cloning and was shown to encode a member of the plant myosin XI family (myosin XI-I). In endosperm cells, the O1 protein is associated with rough ER and protein bodies. Overexpression of the O1 tail domain (the C-terminal 644 amino acids) significantly inhibited ER streaming in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) cells. Yeast two-hybrid analysis suggested an association between O1 and the ER through a heat shock protein 70-interacting protein. In summary, this study indicated that O1 influences protein body biogenesis by affecting ER morphology and motility, ultimately affecting endosperm texture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guifeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Zhong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dianbin Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanping Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengkai Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rentao Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|