1
|
Hamm-Faber TE, Vissers KCP, Kalkman JS, van Haren FGAM, Aukes HJA, Engels Y, Henssen DJHA. The Predicted Outcome of Spinal Cord Stimulation in Patients With a Psychopathological Disorder and Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome Type 2: A Systematic Review From 2009 to 2021. Neuromodulation 2024; 27:59-69. [PMID: 38127048 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychologic screening is often included as a mandatory component of evaluation of the impact of psychopathology disorders on the predicted outcome of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for patients with chronic pain due to persistent spinal pain syndrome type 2 (PSPS type 2). The conclusion of such screenings can influence the decision to offer SCS therapy to a patient. However, evidence on the impact of psychopathology on SCS outcomes is still scarce. MATERIALS AND METHODS To address this knowledge gap, we systematically reviewed the literature from 2009 to 2021 to explore the correlation between the presence of a psychopathological disorder and the predicted outcome of SCS in patients with PSPS type 2. The literature search was conducted using various online data bases with "failed back surgery syndrome," "psychopathology," and "spinal cord stimulation" used as essential keywords. The identified studies were organized in a Rayyan AI data base, and the quality was analyzed with the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool. RESULTS Our search generated the identification of 468 original articles, of which two prospective and four retrospective studies met our inclusion criteria. These studies reported pain relief, a reduction of symptoms of anxiety and depression, and an improvement in rumination on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale in patients with PSPS type 2 after SCS therapy. The studies also found contradictory outcomes measured using the Oswestry Disability Index, and in terms of the impact of psychopathological disorder on the clinical outcome and revision rate of the SCS system. CONCLUSION In this systematic review, we found no convincing evidence that the presence of a psychopathological disorder affects the predicted outcome of SCS therapy in patients with PSPS type 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja E Hamm-Faber
- Department of Pain Medicine, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Zwijndrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Kris C P Vissers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joke S Kalkman
- Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank G A M van Haren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J A Aukes
- Department of Pain Medicine, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Zwijndrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Engels
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain, and Palliative Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dylan J H A Henssen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Udal ABH, Stray LL, Stray T, Bertelsen TB, Pripp AH, Egeland J. ADHD-pain: Characteristics of chronic pain and association with muscular dysregulation in adults with ADHD. Scand J Pain 2024; 24:sjpain-2024-0015. [PMID: 39253953 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2024-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A high incidence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been reported in chronic pain (ChP) patients. Furthermore, an association between ChP and muscular dysregulation has been reported in adults with ADHD. The present study investigated whether ADHD was more prevalent among psychiatric outpatients with ChP than those without ChP, and if there was an association between ChP, muscular dysregulation and characteristics of pain in patients with ADHD. METHODS One-hundred and twenty-one individuals remitted to an outpatient psychiatry unit took part in this naturalistic epidemiological cross-sectional study. They were assessed with a pain self-report form (localization, intensity, and onset) and a test of muscle dysregulation (the Motor Function Neurological Assessment). Prevalence of ADHD among patients with ChP, as well as the qualitative characteristics of ChP within the ADHDgroup are reported. Both ChP and pain intensity correlated with muscular dysregulation through Spearman's rho analysis. Additionally, the relationship between various diagnostic categories (ADHD, affective disorders, anxiety, or personality disorders) and incidence of axial pain was evaluated in logistic regression. RESULTS ADHD was significantly more prevalent in patients with ChP, than in patients without ChP. In the ADHD group, ChP and pain intensity was associated with muscular dysregulation, particularly with high muscle tone. ChP was more axial and widespread, than for the patients without ADHD, and started at an early age. ADHD diagnosis predicted axial pain, whereas affective-, anxiety-, or personality disorders did not. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that ChP in ADHD is associated with muscular dysregulation and is qualitatively different from ChP in psychiatric patients without ADHD. These findings may lead to further understanding of potential mechanisms involved in ADHD and ChP, and in turn to new treatment strategies for both disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Liv Larsen Stray
- Department of Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Torstein Stray
- Department of Mental Health, Sorlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand, Norway
| | | | - Are Hugo Pripp
- Department of Biostatistics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jens Egeland
- Department of Psychology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Norway OUS University of Oslo, Tønsberg, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hollund IMH, Aakvik KAD, Benum SD, Ingvaldsen SH, Lydersen S, Tikanmäki M, Hovi P, Räikkönen K, Kajantie E, Johnson S, Marlow N, Baumann N, Wolke D, Indredavik MS, Evensen KAI. Mental health, pain and tiredness in adults born very preterm or with very low birthweight. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:72-80. [PMID: 37787099 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Adults born preterm have increased risk of mental health problems and other neurodevelopmental conditions. We aimed to investigate associations of mental health with pain and tiredness in adults born very preterm (VP; <32 weeks) or very low birthweight (VLBW; <1500 g) and at term, and whether these associations are influenced by physical activity. METHODS As part of an EU Horizon 2020 project, individual participant data from six prospective cohort studies were harmonised for 617 VP/VLBW and 1122 term-born participants. Mental health was assessed by the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment Adult Self-Report. Pain and tiredness were harmonised based on specific items from self-reported questionnaires. Associations between mental health and pain or tiredness were explored by linear regression. RESULTS An increase in the mental health scales internalising, externalising and total problems was associated with increased pain and tiredness in the preterm and term group alike. Results were maintained when adjusting for physical activity. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that associations between mental health, pain and tiredness in adults are independent of gestation or birthweight. Future research should explore other potential mechanisms that may underlie the increased risk of mental health problems in the preterm population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Marie Husby Hollund
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristina Anna Djupvik Aakvik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Silje Dahl Benum
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigrid Hegna Ingvaldsen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marjaana Tikanmäki
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Public Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki/Oulu, Finland
| | - Petteri Hovi
- Public Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki/Oulu, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinical Medicine Research Unit, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Public Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki/Oulu, Finland
- Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Neil Marlow
- UCL Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, London, UK
| | - Nicole Baumann
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Turner Institute for Brain & Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Marit S Indredavik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari Anne I Evensen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Unit for Physiotherapy Services, Trondheim Municipality, Trondheim, Norway
- Children's Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bateman S, Caes L, Eccleston C, Noel M, Jordan A. Co-occurring chronic pain and primary psychological disorders in adolescents: A scoping review. PAEDIATRIC & NEONATAL PAIN 2023; 5:57-65. [PMID: 37744281 PMCID: PMC10514777 DOI: 10.1002/pne2.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Long-term health conditions, whether mental or physical, often co-occur in adolescents. For instance, adolescents with chronic pain may experience co-occurring primary psychological disorders. In this scoping review, we determine the influence of co-occurring chronic pain and primary psychological disorders on adolescents' functioning. A systematic search of six databases was conducted to identify articles if they were: (1) peer-reviewed; (2) reported original findings; (3) included participants aged 11-19 years, who experienced chronic pain (i.e., pain lasting 3 months or more) and had a co-occurring diagnosis of a primary psychological disorder; and (4) assessed functioning. Searches returned 9864 articles after the removal of duplicates. A two-phase abstract and full-text screening process identified two eligible articles which compared emotional functioning (n = 1) and social functioning (n = 2) between groups of adolescents with co-occurring chronic pain and primary psychological disorders with adolescents only reporting chronic pain. Overall findings revealed no differences in social functioning, but adolescents with co-occurring chronic pain and a primary psychological disorder (depression and anxiety) reported worse emotional functioning compared with adolescents with chronic pain alone. This review confirms the limited research on the co-occurrence of primary psychological disorders and chronic pain in adolescents by only identifying two eligible articles exploring the co-occurrence of chronic pain with depression, anxiety, and/or attentional disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Bateman
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of BathBathUK
- Centre for Pain ResearchUniversity of BathBathUK
| | - Line Caes
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of StirlingStirlingUK
| | | | - Melanie Noel
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Abbie Jordan
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of BathBathUK
- Centre for Pain ResearchUniversity of BathBathUK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Greger HK, Kristianslund SK, Stensland SØ. Interpersonal violence and recurrent headache among adolescents with a history of psychiatric problems. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:2. [PMID: 36694246 PMCID: PMC9872394 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interpersonal violence (IPV) is found to be associated with mental health problems and pain disorders such as headache among children and adolescents. It is well-known that adolescents in need of mental health services have experienced IPV more often than adolescents in the general population. However, there has not been much focus on pain conditions in child and adolescent psychiatric populations. METHODS Data from the current study are based on a 3-year follow-up of the CAP-survey, which is a study of adolescents in the child and adolescent psychiatric unit population of St. Olavs Hospital (Trondheim University Hospital). The baseline study was conducted between 2009 and 2011, with 717 participants between 13 and 18 years. All participants were enrolled, or newly referred to the child and adolescent psychiatric clinic. At follow-up, 570 participants completed questionnaire, and 550 completed a diagnostic interview. The participants were aged 16-21 years (mean age 18.6 years). RESULTS A third of the adolescents reported frequent headaches (weekly or daily). Adolescents with more severe mental problems were more likely to experience frequent headaches. Adolescents exposed to unpleasant sexual acts or bullying, reported more frequent headaches than non-exposed participants. Participants exposed to three or more types of IPV seemed to be at particularly high risk of experiencing frequent headache. CONCLUSIONS Both experiences of interpersonal violence and headache are common in this clinical psychiatric population. Clinicians should assess for headache disorders in addition to psychiatric and trauma assessment and provide need-based treatment to enhance chance of recovery among adolescents in mental health services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Klæboe Greger
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Institute of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway and St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Battison EAJ, Brown PCM, Holley AL, Wilson AC. Associations between Chronic Pain and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Youth: A Scoping Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10010142. [PMID: 36670692 PMCID: PMC9857366 DOI: 10.3390/children10010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Background: Chronic pain and ADHD are common conditions among youth that negatively impact functioning. This review fills a critical gap by summarizing current research on chronic pain and ADHD comorbidity, and it proposes a conceptual model of shared associations and underlying mechanisms. Objective: The aims of the current study were to: (1) review the extant literature and present estimates of the prevalence of comorbid non-headache chronic pain and ADHD in youth and (2) describe potential shared mechanisms for ADHD and chronic non-headache pain in youth. We also outline future directions to inform future research and interventions directed to youth with comorbid pain and ADHD. Design: A scoping review of the literature was performed in MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews using a wide range of search terms related to pain, Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder, childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. Results: Eleven published studies were included in the review. These studies examined the prevalence of chronic pain among youth with ADHD, the prevalence of ADHD in chronic pain samples, and the association between chronic pain and ADHD among youth. Findings revealed results from studies indicating a higher prevalence of ADHD among youth with chronic pain and a higher prevalence of chronic pain in samples of youth with ADHD. Conclusions: Findings from this scoping review suggest an association between chronic pain and ADHD among youth. Little research was found to examine the etiology of this association. Future studies should examine underlying mechanisms of comorbid chronic pain and ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor A. J. Battison
- Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-971-254-5648
| | - Patrick C. M. Brown
- Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Amy L. Holley
- Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Anna C. Wilson
- Oregon Health & Science University School of Medicine, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Holloway JM, Gray HL, Buro AW, Thomas J, Sauls R, Howard AM. Measurement Tools to Assess Usual Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Scoping Review. REVIEW JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40489-022-00349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
8
|
Geremek A, Ruby L, Lindner C, Niederberger U, Schild U, Jung M, Soyka O, Siniatchkin M. Child and adolescent psychiatry staff's knowledge on pain management. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022:13591045221125334. [PMID: 36062462 DOI: 10.1177/13591045221125334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the level of child and adolescent psychiatric staff's knowledge regarding pain management, to determine group differences between the medically more educated (physicians, nurses) and the less educated (psychologists, educators, special therapists) and to investigate the influence of gender, age, or professional experience as well as staff's own pain experiences. METHODS A total of 193 staff members from different professional backgrounds from three independent child and adolescent psychiatry clinics in Northern Germany were tested using the German version of the Pediatric Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain Shriner's revision (PNKAS-Sr). RESULTS In total, the staff scored correctly 66% of the inventory questions. There was no difference between medically more educated and less educated staff members regarding the knowledge of pain management. The main factors influencing PNKAS score were age, profession, and pain education training. CONCLUSIONS Although chronic pain is not one of the main aspects of continuing education in child and adolescent psychiatry, the resulting level of knowledge was comparable to results of similar surveys with paediatric staffs. Nevertheless, further education is needed to enhance knowledge and understanding of children's pain in child psychiatry staff in order to professionally treat patients with chronic somatic and mental illnesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Geremek
- 440814Psychosomatikum, Kiel, Germany.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, 440814Helios Klinikum Schleswig, Schleswig, Germany
| | - Lisa Ruby
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, 440814Helios Klinikum Schleswig, Schleswig, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Niederberger
- Institute for Medical Psychology and Sociology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ursula Schild
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, 440814Psychiatrische Kliniken, Lüneburg, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Soyka
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic, 581931Vorwerker Diakonie, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Siniatchkin
- 39718University Clinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Young MA, Anang P, Gavalova A. Pediatric Chronic Pain, Resilience and Psychiatric Comorbidity in Canada: A Retrospective, Comparative Analysis. FRONTIERS IN HEALTH SERVICES 2022; 2:852322. [PMID: 36925848 PMCID: PMC10012762 DOI: 10.3389/frhs.2022.852322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Chronic pain compromises child and adolescent well-being and development. This study aimed to identify risk factors for chronic pain and exploration of how young people negotiate such risks and express resilience. We hypothesized children and youth with chronic pain would report greater prevalence of mental health disorders than the general population; and those demonstrating greater resilience would demonstrate less psychiatric comorbidity. Method A retrospective chart review was conducted for all patients (ages 7-17) attending the sole pediatric chronic pain clinic in Manitoba, from 2015 to 2019 (N = 116). Patients' demographic information and psychiatric illness burden were compared to provincial epidemiological data using Chi-Square tests. Pain sites, family history, psychiatric illness, psychosocial functioning, treatment history and treatment recommendations were explored. Results The sample was predominantly female (74%; N = 114). Sixty-eight percent of patients reported a family history of chronic pain. Thirty-seven percent of the patients (vs. 14.0% anticipated; N = 326 260) reported comorbid psychiatric disorder, X2 (1, N = 114) = 53.00, p < 0.001. Thirty-two percent reported diagnosis of mood and/or anxiety disorder (vs. 7.3%), X2 (1, N = 114) = 99.34, p < 0.001. Children and youth demonstrating resilience through engagement in more prosocial behaviors reported fewer psychiatric symptoms (rs = -0.292, N = 114, p = 0.002, Spearman's correlation). Conclusions Female sex, family history, and lower socioeconomic status were associated with chronic pain. Psychiatric conditions were more prevalent in chronic pain patients than in the general population. Approaching chronic pain from a mind-body perspective, while building on patients' strengths, is central to informing treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Young
- Department of Psychiatry, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Polina Anang
- Department of Psychiatry, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Anna Gavalova
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Science, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Associations between pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1617. [PMID: 34482826 PMCID: PMC8418745 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although pain has been identified as an important public health problem among adolescents, few studies have investigated possible protective and risk factors for pain. The main aim of the present study was to investigate associations between prevalence of daily pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in a representative sample of Norwegian adolescents. Methods A comprehensive cross-sectional survey was completed by 12,867 junior high school students and high school students (response rate: 90%) aged 14–19 years. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, gender, and parental educational level. Results We found a high prevalence of daily pain among adolescents, especially among girls (19%) compared with boys (7%). Short sleep duration was associated with increased odds ratios (ORs) of pain in the shoulders/neck (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.3–2.0) and stomach (1.7; 1.2–2.4). Symptoms of depression were associated with increased ORs for all measured types of daily pain, including head (3.7; 3.0–4.6), shoulders/neck (3.9; 3.1–4.8), joints/muscles (4.3; 3.3–5.6), and stomach (5.5; 4.1–7.4). By contrast, self-efficacy was not associated with any form of daily pain. Conclusion Given the burden of pain, high incidence of pain problems, and strong association between pain and depression and, to some degree, short sleep duration, co-occurring symptoms may be an important area for research in the public health field. The results highlight the importance of early identification and prevention. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand better pain problems and their underlying mechanisms with the aim of developing targeted interventions.
Collapse
|
11
|
Gårdvik KS, Rygg M, Torgersen T, Wallander JL, Lydersen S, Indredavik MS. Association of treatment procedures and resilience to symptom load three-years later in a clinical sample of adolescent psychiatric patients. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:411. [PMID: 34412609 PMCID: PMC8377856 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine symptom load in a clinical adolescent population at three-year follow-up and explore associations with standard care treatment procedures and resilience factors upon first presenting at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. METHODS This study is part of a prospective longitudinal cohort study: The Health Survey in Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs hospital, Norway. A clinical population of 717 (43.5% of eligible) adolescents aged 13-18 years participated in the first study visit (T1, 2009-2011). Of these, 447 adolescents with psychiatric disorders, with treatment history from medical records and self-reported resilience factors (Resilience Scale for Adolescents; READ) at T1, reported symptom load (Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment - Youth Self Report; YSR) three years later aged 16-21 years (T2). RESULT At T1, 93.0% received individual treatment. The frequency of psychotherapy and medication varied by disorder group and between genders. Overall, psychotherapy was more frequent among girls, whereas medication was more common among boys. Total READ mean value (overall 3.5, SD 0.8), ranged from patients with mood disorders (3.0, SD 0.7) to patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (3.7, SD 0.7), and was lower for girls than boys in all diagnostic groups. At T2, the YSR Total Problem mean T-score ranged across the diagnostic groups (48.7, SD 24.0 to 62.7, SD 30.2), with highest symptom scores for those with mood disorders at T1, of whom 48.6% had T-scores in the borderline/clinical range (≥60) three years later. Number of psychotherapy sessions was positively associated and Total READ score was negatively associated with the YSR Total Problems T-score (regression coefficient β = 0.5, CI (0.3 to 0.7), p < 0.001 and β = - 15.7, CI (- 19.2 to - 12.1), p < 0.001, respectively). The subscale Personal Competence was associated with the lowest Total Problem score for both genders. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported symptom load was substantial after three years, despite comprehensive treatment procedures. Higher self-reported resilience characteristics were associated with lower symptom load after three years. These results highlight the burden of adolescent psychiatric disorders, the need for extensive interventions and the importance of resilience factors for a positive outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kari Skulstad Gårdvik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. .,Department of Children and Youth, Clinic of Mental Health Care, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Marite Rygg
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ,grid.52522.320000 0004 0627 3560Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Terje Torgersen
- grid.52522.320000 0004 0627 3560Orkdal District Psychiatric Centre, Clinic of Mental Health Care, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway ,grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Lance Wallander
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway ,grid.266096.d0000 0001 0049 1282Psychological Sciences and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of California, Merced, USA
| | - Stian Lydersen
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Sæbø Indredavik
- grid.5947.f0000 0001 1516 2393Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lo Buono V, De Cola MC, Di Cara M, Floridia D, Bonanno L, De Salvo S, Cerra F, Cannistraci C, Maresca G, Bramanti P, Marino S, Corallo F. Quality of life in chronic pain treated through pulsed radiofrequency therapy: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25920. [PMID: 34011061 PMCID: PMC8137041 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are often symptoms present in people who suffer from chronic pain, compromising the quality of life of these individuals. The objective of this study was to assess whether a pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) treatment, in addition to psychological support intervention, can decrease chronic pain, thereby improving quality of life and restoring psychological well-being.Fifty outpatients with a diagnosis of chronic pain, without any benefit from traditional drug therapies, were selected to perform a PRF treatment in combination with a psychological intervention. They were evaluated before and after the intervention through the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory-II for anxiety and depression symptomatology, respectively, the Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) was used to assess the subject's quality of life, and the Numerical Rating Scale was used for pain assessment.The Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed a significant difference in Beck Depression Inventory-II (P < .001), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (P < .01), and Numerical Rating Scale (P = .004). In the SF-36 scores, we observed a significant difference between T0 and T1 in both mental (P < .001) and physical (P < .001) dimensions.This study shows that a chronic pain reduction leads to a decrease of anxiety-depressive symptoms and an improvement in quality of life. PRF seems to be an appropriate method to reduce the chronic pain that influences psychological well-being and quality of life.
Collapse
|
13
|
Intergenerational transmission of chronic pain-related disability: the explanatory effects of depressive symptoms. Pain 2021; 162:653-662. [PMID: 32890257 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Parents with chronic pain have a higher likelihood of having depression and anxiety and more often have children with these conditions. Depressive and anxious symptoms in children worsen pain-related disability and may be derived from exposure to their parents' symptoms. We assessed a model of intergenerational chronic pain-related disability that relies upon depressive and anxious symptoms of a mother and their child. Adolescents in grades 5 to 10 from 5 schools, and their mothers, completed standardized electronic questionnaires about pain. In maternal-offspring dyads (n = 1179), the mean offspring age was 12.7 years (SD = 1.7, range = 10-17) and 51% were girls. Logistic regression was used to investigate mother-offspring associations of chronic pain presence, and mediation models using multiple linear regression were used to investigate the proposed model. Adolescents of mothers with chronic pain had 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29-2.16) times increased odds of chronic pain, with each year of exposure to maternal chronic pain associated with a 5% (odds ratio 95% CI = 1.01-1.10) increased likelihood of offspring chronic pain. Worse maternal pain-related disability was associated with worse offspring pain-related disability (β = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.06-0.34). The mediation model indicated maternal and adolescent offspring symptoms of depression explained 36% of the relationship between maternal and offspring pain-related disability, with 11% explained by the intergenerational transmission of depression (serial mediation). We conclude that worse pain-related disability is associated between parent and child, and that depressive symptoms common to both mother and child play a key role in this relationship.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wallrath MK, Geremek A, Rubel J, Lindner C, Hechler T. [Parental responses to child pain : The role of parental and child somatic and anxiety symptoms]. Schmerz 2021; 36:39-48. [PMID: 33929596 PMCID: PMC8821045 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-021-00551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Hintergrund Elterliche kognitiv-affektive und verhaltensbezogene Reaktionen können die Chronifizierung von kindlichen Schmerzen beeinflussen. Unklar ist, ob Mütter und Väter unterschiedlich reagieren und inwieweit Top-down- (elterliche Somatisierung, Angstsymptome) und Bottom-up-Variablen (kindliche schmerzbezogene Beeinträchtigung, Angstsymptome) die elterlichen Reaktionen modulieren. Ziele der Arbeit (1) Vergleich der Somatisierung, Angstsymptome und elterlichen Reaktionen (Katastrophisieren, Zuwendung) von Müttern und Vätern chronisch schmerzkranker Kinder und (2) Untersuchung des Einflusses von Top-down- und Bottom-up-Variablen auf die elterlichen Reaktionen. Methode Eltern-Kind-Triaden (Kind, Mutter, Vater; je N = 21, Gesamt‑N = 63; Kinder: 50 % weiblich, 11–19 Jahre, ∅15,14 Jahre) wurden während einer kinder- und jugendpsychiatrischen Behandlung ihrer chronischen Schmerzen hinsichtlich der kindlichen Schmerzen und Angstsymptome, elterlicher Somatisierung und Angstsymptome und elterlichen Reaktionen mit validierten Fragebögen erfasst. Ergebnisse Mütter und Väter unterschieden sich nicht in Somatisierung, Angstsymptomen und Reaktionen. Eltern katastrophisierten stärker, wenn ihre Kinder sowohl unter Angstsymptomen als auch unter stärkerer schmerzbezogener Beeinträchtigung litten. Elterliche Zuwendung war verstärkt, wenn Eltern selbst Angstsymptome angaben. Jüngere Kinder und Mädchen erhielten mehr Zuwendung. Diskussion Im Einklang mit vorherigen Studien zeigt sich, dass elterliche und kindliche Angstsymptome, nicht aber das elterliche Geschlecht als modulierende Faktoren der elterlichen maladaptiven Reaktionen eine Rolle spielen. Dies sollte in Prävention und Therapie von Kindern mit chronischen Schmerzen und deren Bezugspersonen berücksichtigt werden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maren K Wallrath
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universität Trier, Universitätsring 15, 54286, Trier, Deutschland
| | - Adam Geremek
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Helios Klinikum, Schleswig, Deutschland
| | - Julian Rubel
- Abteilung für Psychotherapieforschung, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, Deutschland
| | - Clemens Lindner
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Helios Klinikum, Schleswig, Deutschland
| | - Tanja Hechler
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters, Universität Trier, Universitätsring 15, 54286, Trier, Deutschland.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gårdvik KS, Torgersen T, Rygg M, Lydersen S, Indredavik MS. Suicidality, function and associated negative life events in an adolescent psychiatric population at 3-year follow-up. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:109. [PMID: 33602162 PMCID: PMC7893950 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03100-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine psychosocial function, suicidality and school dropout in a clinical psychiatric population over a 3-year period from adolescence to young adulthood and explore associations with negative life events. METHODS This study is part of the Health Survey in Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs hospital, Norway. In the first study visit (T1), 717 (43.5% of eligible) participated, aged 13-18 years (2009-2011), and 3 years later (T2), 570 answered a questionnaire (school functioning and negative life events), and 549 completed Kiddie SADS as telephone interview assessing DSM-IV diagnoses, psychosocial functioning and suicidality. RESULTS Suicidal ideation was more frequent among girls (17.9%) than among boys (5.4%) (risk difference; RD = 12.5%, CI (7.2 to 17.7), p < 0.001), as was suicidal behavior (25.0% vs. 9.5%, RD = 15.5%, CI (9.2 to 21.4), p < 0.001). Girls had lower psychosocial functioning than boys (Children's Global Assessment Scale; Mean score 68.2 vs. 75.2, Mean difference = - 7.0, CI (- 9.4 to - 4.7), p < 0.001), and more school dropout (22.5% vs. 13.2%, RD = 9.3%, CI (2.8 to 15.5), p = 0.006). For those with a psychiatric disorder, 24.8% of girls had suicidal ideation and 30.0% suicidal behavior, which was larger than for boys (RD = 18.0%, CI (10.8 to 24.7), p < 0.001, and RD = 18.3%, CI (10.2 to 25.8), p < 0.001, respectively). Exposure to negative life events was frequent for both genders, but more girls had experienced sexually uncomfortable or abusive situations, the last 3 years (23.5% vs. 2.9%, RD = 20.6%, CI (15.4 to 25.7), p < 0.001), and ever (44.4% vs. 7.9%, RD = 36.5%, CI (29.9 to 42.7), p < 0.001). Suicidal behavior was associated with having been threatened, physically harassed or violently hurt (RD = 16.7%, CI (9.5 to 23.9), p < 0.001), and for girls been put into sexually uncomfortable or abusive situations (RD = 20.1%, CI (10.4 to 29.9), p < 0.001) and seen others violently hurt (RD = 14.6%, CI (3.4 to 25.8), p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS The high frequency of suicidality and school dropout confirms the severity of adolescent psychiatric disorders, especially among girls. Specific life events were associated risk factors and should be target points for prevention and intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kari Skulstad Gårdvik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Children and Youth, Division of Mental Health Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Terje Torgersen
- Orkdal District Psychiatric Centre, Division of Mental Health Care, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marite Rygg
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Sæbø Indredavik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gårdvik KS, Rygg M, Torgersen T, Lydersen S, Indredavik MS. Psychiatric morbidity, somatic comorbidity and substance use in an adolescent psychiatric population at 3-year follow-up. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2021; 30:1095-1112. [PMID: 32671493 PMCID: PMC8295167 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-020-01602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge is scarce on the course of psychiatric disorders in adolescence. We aimed to assess changes in the frequency of psychiatric disorders, somatic disorders, pain, and substance use in a clinical psychiatric cohort from adolescence to young adulthood. This study is part of the Health Survey in Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs Hospital, Norway. At age 13-18 years, 717 (43.5% of eligible) participated in the first study visit (T1) in 2009-2011, 549 were reassessed 3 years later with telephone interview (T2), and 464 had diagnostic evaluation at both time points. Data included: ICD-10 diagnoses (T1), DSM-IV diagnoses (T2), self-reported pain and substance use (T1 and T2). The overall rate of psychiatric disorders decreased (T1 vs. T2: 94.8% vs. 72.2%, p < 0.001); while, an increased rate of anxiety disorders was marked among girls (37.5% vs. 55.9%, p < 0.001), with accompanying raised frequencies of psychiatric comorbidity (14.1% vs. 42.6%, p < 0.001), somatic comorbidity (9.4% vs. 19.5%, p = 0.001), chronic pain (31.6% vs. 49.4%, p < 0.001), smoking, alcohol use and trying illicit drugs. Chronic pain, smoking and trying illicit drugs were associated with persisting psychiatric disorders, with highest risk differences for girls (RD = 25.4%, p = 0.002, RD = 15.6%, p = 0.008, RD = 18.0%, p = 0.001, respectively). Three out of four adolescents still had a psychiatric disorder after 3 years. Unlike boys, girls had an increasing rate of anxiety disorders and comorbidities. Chronic pain, smoking and trying illicit drugs were associated with persisting psychiatric disorders. Despite methodological limitations, these findings emphasize the importance of early targeted intervention for adolescents with psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kari Skulstad Gårdvik
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
- Division of Mental Health Care, Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Marite Rygg
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Terje Torgersen
- Division of Mental Health Care, Department of Østmarka, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Sæbø Indredavik
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Prevalence, Patterns, and Correlates of Pain in Medically Hospitalized Pediatric Patients With Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 2020; 62:46-55. [PMID: 32641234 DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic symptom and related disorders (SSRDs) and pain are highly comorbid in the pediatric population. Little is known about the prevalence of pain and factors that may predispose and perpetuate pain in hospitalized youth with SSRD. OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of pain and widespread pain symptoms in hospitalized youth with SSRD and describe differences between patients who endorsed limited (1-4 sites) versus widespread (5-8 sites) pain. METHODS Retrospective chart reviews were conducted of pediatric patients with SSRD seen over a 32-month period at a tertiary pediatric hospital and assessed by the psychiatry consultation service. During admission, patients completed the Childhood Somatization Inventory, which assessed pain and other physical symptoms. Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variances, Pearson's χ2, stepwise linear regressions, and internal consistency analyses were used. RESULTS Of the 219 patients (aged 8-18 y), 97% reported pain symptoms, and of those reporting pain (n = 213), 48% reported widespread pain. Patients with widespread pain had greater rates of comorbid depression (P = 0.012), neglect (P = 0.016), family psychiatric history (P = 0.013), diagnostic tests/procedures (P = 0.012), and prescribed opioid use (P = 0.016), when other medical and demographic factors were considered. When compared dichotomously to youth with limited pain, there was no difference in prevalence of medical conditions; however, patients with widespread pain had higher rates of trauma and stressor-related disorders (P = 0.017), sexual abuse (P = 0.031), emotional abuse (P = 0.041), and prior child protective service involvement (P = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS Pain symptoms and widespread pain are common in medically hospitalized youth with SSRD, with unique psychiatric and psychosocial factors associated with widespread pain.
Collapse
|
18
|
Corallo F, De Salvo S, Cannistraci C, Lo Buono V, Di Cara M, Floridia D, Cerra F, Romeo L, Pria D, Bramanti P, Marino S, Bonanno L. Chronic pain and spinal cord stimulation. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20490. [PMID: 32481461 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain can have a devastating impact and lead to patient isolation. Many people with chronic pain are predisposed to anxiety-depressant symptoms, due to a lower quality life. The aim of the study is to demonstrate how neuromodulation methods, can encourage the reduction of chronic pain and an improvement in the quality of life, therefore advancing the restoration of psychological well-being.We involved 50 patients with a diagnosis of pain that not respond to traditional pharmacological therapies. Interventions: All subject had depression and anxiety symptoms and a low-quality life. We used the spinal cord stimulation treatment and a psychological evaluation for assessment of depression-anxiety symptomatology and the level of quality life.We observed a significant difference in physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, general health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems and mental health.Our study affirms that the perception of chronic pain has a great impact on the perception of psychological well-being, quality of life, and the performance of normal daily social and professional activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Corallo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino Pulejo," S.S. 113 C.da Casazza, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aksu G, Kütük M, Tufan A, Toros F, Uludüz D, Özge A. The close relation of tic disorders with childhood migraine and atopic background of both children and mothers. NEUROL SCI NEUROPHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/nsn.nsn_6_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
20
|
Bania EV, Eckhoff C, Kvernmo S. Not engaged in education, employment or training (NEET) in an Arctic sociocultural context: the NAAHS cohort study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e023705. [PMID: 30904841 PMCID: PMC6475364 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study is to explore the prevalence and predictors of not engaged in education, employment or training (NEET) status in a multicultural young adult population in Northern Norway. DESIGN AND SETTING The longitudinal design link a self-reported survey (2003-2005) with an objective registry linkage follow-up 8-10 years later. PARTICIPANTS Of all 5877 tenth graders (aged 15-16 years) in Northern Norway, 83% of the total age cohort from all 87 municipalities participated in the baseline survey. The follow-up studies consisted of 3987 consent giving adolescents (68%), were 365 (9.2%) reported indigenous Sami ethnicity. OUTCOME MEASURES Youth NEET at the age of 23-25 years. METHODS Explanatory variables were sociodemographic factors (gender, ethnicity, residency, parental education), mental health problems and musculoskeletal pain in adolescence. Outcome variable characterised as NEET-status was defined by no educational engagement, long-term recipient of sickness benefit, medical and non-medical benefit receipt or long-term unemployment. RESULTS NEET-status in young adulthood was significantly higher among females (20.9%) than among males (16.2%). Ethnic differences occurred as being NEET among Sami males was significantly higher than among non-Sami males, 23.0% and 15.2% respectively. Minority Sami females experienced NEET-status to a lower degree (16.6%) than non-Sami females (20.8%). Among females adolescent peer problems (adjusted OR=1.09) and hyperactivity problems (adjusted OR=1.10) were associated with later NEET-status. Peer problems (adjusted OR=1.23), conduct problems (adjusted OR=1.17) and musculoskeletal problems (adjusted OR=1.15) in male adolescents were associated with later NEET-status, whereas emotional problems among males predicted significantly less later NEET- status (adjusted OR=0.88).We found lower parental education to be significantly associated with being NEET-later in young adults (females: adjusted OR=2.11, males: adjusted OR=3.22). CONCLUSIONS To address the disengagement of education and work, particular emphasis must be placed on supporting young people struggling with mental and physical health problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Eckhoff
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Siv Kvernmo
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ranøyen I, Gulliksrud E, Indredavik MS, Stenseng F. Psychiatric problems and quality of life in a clinical sample of adolescents: The role of peer relations. Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol 2019; 6:183-192. [PMID: 33520763 PMCID: PMC7703841 DOI: 10.21307/sjcapp-2018-019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of peer relations is linked to mental health in childhood and adolescence, but few studies have investigated its clinical relevance. In particular, the potential mediating role of peer functioning in the associations between different dimensions of symptoms and quality of life (QoL) has not been sufficiently examined. OBJECTIVE In a clinical sample of adolescents, we examined peer relations in light of psychiatric diagnoses, as well as QoL and symptoms of mental health problems, with particular focus on symptoms of anxiety, depression, and ADHD. We also examined the potential mediating role of peer problems in the relationship between such symptoms and QoL. METHODS The sample consisted of 603 adolescents (ages 13-18) referred to clinical assessment. Psychiatric diagnoses according to the criteria of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision, were collected from participants' clinical charts. Symptoms of disorders, QoL, and quality of peer relations were measured by self-report questionnaires. RESULTS Adolescents diagnosed with anxiety/depressive disorder reported more peer problems and lower QoL than adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. These findings were supported with symptom ratings. A path model with bootstrapping was used to assess the potential mediating role of peer problems in the association between symptoms and QoL, showing that peer problems partly mediated the relationship between emotional symptoms and QoL, but not the relationship between ADHD-symptoms and QoL. CONCLUSION Improvement of peer relations may be a fruitful path for enhancing QoL among adolescents with symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn Ranøyen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- Division of Mental Health Care, Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway
| | - Eva Gulliksrud
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
| | - Marit S. Indredavik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare (RKBU), Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- Division of Mental Health Care, Department of Children and Youth, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway
| | - Frode Stenseng
- Department of Education and Lifelong Learning, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Queen Maud University College, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Eckhoff C, Straume B, Kvernmo S. Multisite musculoskeletal pain in adolescence as a predictor of medical and social welfare benefits in young adulthood: The Norwegian Arctic Adolescent Health Cohort Study. Eur J Pain 2017; 21:1697-1706. [PMID: 28685909 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain in adolescence is associated with mental health problems, the main reason for work disability in young adults. This study explores the relationship between multisite musculoskeletal pain in adolescence and later medical (sickness and medical rehabilitation benefits) and social welfare benefits, adjusted for sociodemographic, adolescent psychosocial and mental health problems. METHODS Data were obtained by linkage between the National Insurance Registry (2003-11) and the Norwegian Arctic Adolescent Health Study, a school-based survey in North Norway (2003-05), accepted by 3987 fifteen- to sixteen-year-olds (68% of the total population). The start of the follow-up time was July 1st of the corresponding year the participants responded to the health study. Musculoskeletal pain was measured by the number of musculoskeletal pain sites. RESULTS We found a positive linear relationship between adolescent musculoskeletal pain sites and the occurrence of medical and social welfare benefits in young adulthood (p ≤ 0.001). Adolescent musculoskeletal pain was a significant predictor of sickness (p < 0.001) and social welfare benefits in females (p = 0.036), when adjusted for adolescent psychosocial and mental health problems. The most important adolescent psychosocial predictors were externalizing problems, less parental involvement and adverse life events. CONCLUSION Adolescent multisite musculoskeletal pain was found to be an important predictor of later sickness and social welfare benefit receipt from adolescence to young adulthood. SIGNIFICANCE Adolescents with multisite musculoskeletal pain are at substantially increased risk of health and social difficulties into young adulthood. Identification and interventions for these adolescent problems could alleviate this risk and be a sound socioeconomic investment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Eckhoff
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - B Straume
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - S Kvernmo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Eckhoff C, Straume B, Kvernmo S. Multisite musculoskeletal pain in adolescence and later mental health disorders: a population-based registry study of Norwegian youth: the NAAHS cohort study. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e012035. [PMID: 28188150 PMCID: PMC5306523 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between multisite musculoskeletal pain in adolescence and mental health disorders in young adulthood. DESIGN AND SETTING Data were obtained from a linkage between the Norwegian Patient Registry (2008-2012) and the Norwegian Arctic Adolescent Health Study, a school-based survey conducted among 10th grade students in North Norway (2003-2005). PARTICIPANTS In total, 3987 (68%) of all 5877 invited participants consented to the registry linkage. OUTCOME MEASURES Mental healthcare use and disorders from age 18-20 to 23-25 years (5 years). METHODS Musculoskeletal pain was measured by the number of musculoskeletal pain sites. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association with later mental healthcare use and disorders. RESULTS Multisite adolescent musculoskeletal pain was significantly associated with an increase in mental healthcare use and mental health disorders in young adulthood. The relationship was stronger for anxiety and mood disorders, in both genders. Overall, the association between musculoskeletal pain and later mental health problems was attenuated after controlling for adolescent psychosocial and mental health problems, not by physical or sedentary activity. This could be due to confounding or mediation. However, when examining different mental health disorders, we found musculoskeletal pain to be significantly associated with anxiety disorders, and showing a strong trend in mood disorders, when adjusted for the adolescent factors. CONCLUSIONS Physicians should be aware that multisite adolescent pain is associated with mental health problems in adolescence, and that these adolescents are at increased risk of mental health disorders in young adulthood. As youth troubled by mental health problems commonly present physical symptoms it is important to examine for psychosocial problems in order to offer early interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Eckhoff
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn Straume
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Siv Kvernmo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Health, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Slater H, Jordan JE, Chua J, Schütze R, Wark JD, Briggs AM. Young people's experiences of persistent musculoskeletal pain, needs, gaps and perceptions about the role of digital technologies to support their co-care: a qualitative study. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e014007. [PMID: 27940635 PMCID: PMC5168607 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate young people's experiences of persistent musculoskeletal pain, including care needs and current service gaps as well as perceptions about the role of digital technologies to support their co-care. METHODS A qualitative study employing two independent data collection modes: in-depth individual semistructured interviews and focus groups. SETTING Community settings throughout Australia. PARTICIPANTS Participants were included if they had experienced persistent musculoskeletal pain of >3-month duration with an average of ≥3 on the visual analogue scale over the preceding 3 months, including non-specific conditions (eg, low back pain) and specific conditions (eg, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and other systemic arthritides), with/without pre-existing or current diagnosed mental health conditions. 23 young people (87.0% women; mean (SD) age: 20.8 (2.4) years) from across 6 Australian jurisdictions participated. Almost two-thirds of participants with persistent musculoskeletal pain reported comorbid mental health conditions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Inductive and deductive approaches to analyse and derive key themes from verbatim transcripts. RESULTS Participants described their daily experiences of living with persistent musculoskeletal pain, their fears and the challenges imposed by the invisibility of pain, and the two-way relationship between their pain and mental well-being. A lack of relevant and accessible information and resources tailored to young people's unique needs, integrated and youth-relevant healthcare services and adequately skilled healthcare practitioners were identified as key care gaps. Participants strongly advocated for the use of digital technologies to improve access to age-appropriate resources and support for co-care. CONCLUSIONS Young people living with persistent musculoskeletal pain described the absence of age-appropriate pain services and clearly articulated their perceptions on the role of, and opportunities provided by, digital technologies to connect with and support improved pain healthcare. Innovative and digitally-enabled models of pain care are likely to be helpful for this group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Slater
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Jason Chua
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Health, Government of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert Schütze
- School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John D Wark
- Department of Medicine and Bone & Mineral Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew M Briggs
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Medicine and Bone & Mineral Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Arthritis and Osteoporosis Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jozefiak T, Sønnichsen Kayed N. Self- and proxy reports of quality of life among adolescents living in residential youth care compared to adolescents in the general population and mental health services. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2015. [PMID: 26197764 PMCID: PMC4509467 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-015-0280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Child welfare services are aimed at providing care and protection, fostering well-being and prosocial behaviour. Thus, Quality of Life (QoL) should be an important outcome measure in Residential Youth Care (RYC) institutions. However, the dearth of research in this area gives rise to serious concern. The present study is the first large scale, nationwide study assessing QoL among adolescents living in RYC. To provide a reference frame, adolescent self- and primary contact proxy reports were compared to the general population and to adolescent outpatients in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS). Also, we investigated the association between self-report of QoL in adolescents living in RYC and proxy reports of their primary contacts at the institution. Methods All residents between the ages of 12–23 years living in RYC in Norway were the inclusion criteria. Eighty-six RYC institutions (with 601 eligible youths) were included, 201 youths/ parents did not give their consent. Finally, 400 youths aged 12–20 years participated, yielding a response rate of 67 %. As a reference frame for comparison, a general population (N = 1444) and an outpatient sample of adolescents in CAMHS (N = 68) were available. We used the Questionnaire for Measuring Health-related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents (KINDL-R). General Linear Model analyses (ANCOVA) were conducted with five KINDL life domains as dependent variables and group as independent variable. Results Self- and proxy reports of QoL in adolescents living in RYC revealed a significantly (p < 0.001) poorer QoL compared to the general population on the life domains Physical- and Emotional well-being, Self-esteem, and relationship with Friends. Adolescents evaluated their physical well-being as worse compared to adolescents in CAHMS. Self- and proxy reports in RYC differed significantly on two of five life domains, but correlated low to moderate with each other. Conclusions The results in this study raise major concerns about the poor QoL of the adolescents living in RYC, thereby challenging the child welfare system and decision makers to take action to improve the QoL of this group. The use of QoL as outcome measures is highly recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jozefiak
- Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Trondheim, Norway. .,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Nanna Sønnichsen Kayed
- Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use among adolescents with psychiatric disorders compared with a population based sample. J Adolesc 2014; 37:1189-99. [PMID: 25190498 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated frequencies of smoking, alcohol use, and illicit drug use by diagnostic category in 566 adolescent psychiatric patients, comparing this sample with 8173 adolescents from the general population in Norway who completed the Young-HUNT 3 survey. Frequencies of current alcohol use were high in both samples but were lower among psychiatric patients. Compared with adolescents in the general population, adolescents in the clinical sample had a higher prevalence of current smoking and over four times higher odds of having tried illicit drugs. In the clinical sample, those with mood disorders reported the highest frequencies of smoking, alcohol use, and illicit drug use, whereas those with autism spectrum disorders reported the lowest frequencies. Our results show an increased prevalence of risky health behaviors among adolescents with psychiatric disorders compared with the general population. The awareness of disorder-specific patterns of smoking and substance use may guide preventive measures.
Collapse
|
27
|
Gerrits MMJG, van Oppen P, Leone SS, van Marwijk HWJ, van der Horst HE, Penninx BW. Pain, not chronic disease, is associated with the recurrence of depressive and anxiety disorders. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:187. [PMID: 24965597 PMCID: PMC4090396 DOI: 10.1186/1471-244x-14-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest that poor physical health might be associated with increased depression and anxiety recurrence. The objectives of this study were to determine whether specific chronic diseases and pain characteristics are associated with depression and anxiety recurrence and to examine whether such associations are mediated by subthreshold depressive or anxiety symptoms. METHODS 1122 individuals with remitted depressive or anxiety disorder (Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety) were followed up for a period of four years. The impact of specific chronic diseases and pain characteristics on recurrence was assessed using Cox regression and mediation analyses. RESULTS Chronic diseases were not associated with recurrence. Neck (HR 1.45, p < .01), chest (HR 1.65, p < .01), abdominal (HR 1.52, p < .01) pain, an increase in the number of pain locations (HR 1.10, p < .01) and pain severity (HR 1.18, p = .01) were associated with an increased risk of depression recurrence but not anxiety. Subthreshold depressive symptoms mediated the associations between pain and depression recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Pain, not chronic disease, increases the likelihood of depression recurrence, largely through its association with aggravated subthreshold depressive symptoms. These findings support the idea of the existence of a mutually reinforcing mechanism between pain and depression and are indicative of the importance of shedding light on neurobiological links in order to optimize pain and depression management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marloes MJG Gerrits
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center and Academic Outpatient Clinic for Affective Disorders, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia van Oppen
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center and Academic Outpatient Clinic for Affective Disorders, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephanie S Leone
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harm WJ van Marwijk
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henriëtte E van der Horst
- Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda W Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center and Academic Outpatient Clinic for Affective Disorders, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mangerud WL, Bjerkeset O, Lydersen S, Indredavik MS. Physical activity in adolescents with psychiatric disorders and in the general population. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2014; 8:2. [PMID: 24450542 PMCID: PMC3914726 DOI: 10.1186/1753-2000-8-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults who suffer from psychiatric disorders report low levels of physical activity and the activity levels differ between disorders. Less is known regarding physical activity across psychiatric disorders in adolescence. We investigate the frequency and type of physical activity in adolescent psychiatric patients, compared with adolescents in the general population. METHODS A total of 566 adolescent psychiatric patients aged 13-18 years who participated in the CAP survey, Norway, were compared to 8173 adolescents aged 13-19 years who participated in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study, Young-HUNT 3, Norway. All adolescents completed a questionnaire, including questions about physical activity and participation in team and individual sports. RESULTS Approximately 50% of adolescents with psychiatric disorders and 25% of the population sample reported low levels of physical activity. Within the clinical sample, those with mood disorders (62%) and autism spectrum disorders (56%) were the most inactive and those with eating disorders (36%) the most active. This pattern was the same in individual and team sports. After multivariable adjustment, adolescents with a psychiatric disorder had a three-fold increased risk of lower levels of physical activity, and a corresponding risk of not participating in team and individual sports compared with adolescents in the general population. CONCLUSIONS Levels of physical activity were low in adolescent psychiatric patients compared with the general population, yet activity levels differed considerably between various disorders. The findings underscore the importance of assessing physical activity in adolescents with psychiatric disorders and providing early intervention to promote mental as well as physical health in this early stage of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenche Langfjord Mangerud
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Ottar Bjerkeset
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nord-Trøndelag University College (HiNT), Levanger, Norway,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marit Sæbø Indredavik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|