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Faraone SV, Newcorn JH, Wozniak J, Joshi G, Coffey B, Uchida M, Wilens T, Surman C, Spencer TJ. In Memoriam: Professor Joseph Biederman's Contributions to Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. J Atten Disord 2024; 28:550-582. [PMID: 38334088 PMCID: PMC10947509 DOI: 10.1177/10870547231225818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of Joe Biederman's contributions to child and adolescent psychiatry. METHOD Nine colleagues described his contributions to: psychopharmacology, comorbidity and genetics, pediatric bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorders, Tourette's and tic disorders, clinical and neuro biomarkers for pediatric mood disorders, executive functioning, and adult ADHD. RESULTS Joe Biederman left us with many concrete indicators of his contributions to child and adolescent psychiatry. He set up the world's first pediatric psychopharmacology clinic and clinical research program in child adolescent psychiatry. As a young faculty member he began a research program that led to many awards and eventual promotion to full professor at Harvard Medical School. He was for many years the most highly cited researcher in ADHD. He achieved this while maintaining a full clinical load and was widely respected for his clinical acumen. CONCLUSION The world is a better place because Joe Biederman was here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janet Wozniak
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gagan Joshi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Mai Uchida
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy Wilens
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Craig Surman
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas J. Spencer
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Cengiz M, Karacetin G, Topal M, Yuksel M, Eseroglu T, Akdeniz G, Demir T, Erkiran M, Dirican A, Bayoglu B. COMT rs4680 and DRD2 rs6275 variants and their association with YMRS scores in children with early-onset bipolar disorder. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kasyanov ED, Merkulova TV, Kibitov AO, Mazo GE. Genetics of Bipolar Spectrum Disorders: Focus on Family Studies Using Whole Exome Sequencing. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420070054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Proof-of-concept study of a multi-gene risk score in adolescent bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 262:211-222. [PMID: 31727397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined multiple genetic variants concurrently for the purpose of classifying bipolar disorder (BD); the literature among youth is particularly sparse. We selected 35 genetic variants, previously implicated in BD or associated characteristics, from which to identify the most robustly predictive group of genes. METHODS 215 Caucasian adolescents (114 BD and 101 healthy controls (HC), ages 13-20 years) were included. Psychiatric diagnoses were determined based on semi-structured diagnostic interviews. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva for genotyping. Two models were used to calculate a multi-gene risk score (MGRS). Model 1 used forward and backward regressions, and model 2 used a PLINK generated method. RESULTS In model 1, GPX3 rs3792797 was significant in the forward regression, DRD4 exonIII was significant in the backward regression; IL1β rs16944 and DISC1 rs821577 were significant in both the forward and backward regressions. These variants are involved in dopamine neurotransmission; inflammation and oxidative stress; and neuronal development. Model 1 MGRS did not significantly discriminate between BD and HC. In model 2, ZNF804A rs1344706 was significantly associated with BD; however, this association did not predict diagnosis when entered into the weighted model. LIMITATIONS This study was limited by the number of genetic variants examined and the modest sample size. CONCLUSIONS Whereas regression approaches identified four genetic variants that significantly discriminated between BD and HC, those same variants no longer discriminated between BD and HC when computed as a MGRS. Future larger studies are needed evaluating intermediate phenotypes such as neuroimaging and blood-based biomarkers.
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Goldstein BI, Birmaher B, Carlson GA, DelBello MP, Findling RL, Fristad M, Kowatch RA, Miklowitz DJ, Nery FG, Perez‐Algorta G, Van Meter A, Zeni CP, Correll CU, Kim H, Wozniak J, Chang KD, Hillegers M, Youngstrom EA. The International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force report on pediatric bipolar disorder: Knowledge to date and directions for future research. Bipolar Disord 2017; 19:524-543. [PMID: 28944987 PMCID: PMC5716873 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Over the past two decades, there has been tremendous growth in research regarding bipolar disorder (BD) among children and adolescents (ie, pediatric BD [PBD]). The primary purpose of this article is to distill the extant literature, dispel myths or exaggerated assertions in the field, and disseminate clinically relevant findings. METHODS An international group of experts completed a selective review of the literature, emphasizing areas of consensus, identifying limitations and gaps in the literature, and highlighting future directions to mitigate these gaps. RESULTS Substantial, and increasingly international, research has accumulated regarding the phenomenology, differential diagnosis, course, treatment, and neurobiology of PBD. Prior division around the role of irritability and of screening tools in diagnosis has largely abated. Gold-standard pharmacologic trials inform treatment of manic/mixed episodes, whereas fewer data address bipolar depression and maintenance/continuation treatment. Adjunctive psychosocial treatment provides a forum for psychoeducation and targets primarily depressive symptoms. Numerous neurocognitive and neuroimaging studies, and increasing peripheral biomarker studies, largely converge with prior findings from adults with BD. CONCLUSIONS As data have accumulated and controversy has dissipated, the field has moved past existential questions about PBD toward defining and pursuing pressing clinical and scientific priorities that remain. The overall body of evidence supports the position that perceptions about marked international (US vs elsewhere) and developmental (pediatric vs adult) differences have been overstated, although additional research on these topics is warranted. Traction toward improved outcomes will be supported by continued emphasis on pathophysiology and novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar DisorderSunnybrook Health Sciences CentreTorontoCanada,Departments of Psychiatry and PharmacologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Boris Birmaher
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Gabrielle A Carlson
- Department of PsychiatryStony Brook University School of MedicineStony BrookNYUSA
| | - Melissa P DelBello
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA
| | - Robert L Findling
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral SciencesThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Mary Fristad
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center/Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOHUSA
| | - Robert A Kowatch
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center/Nationwide Children's HospitalColumbusOHUSA
| | | | - Fabiano G Nery
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral NeuroscienceUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA
| | | | - Anna Van Meter
- Ferkauf Graduate School of PsychologyYeshiva UniversityBronxNYUSA
| | | | - Christoph U Correll
- The Zucker Hillside HospitalDepartment of PsychiatryNorthwell HealthGlen OaksNYUSA,Department of Psychiatry and Molecular MedicineHofstra Northwell School of MedicineHempsteadNYUSA
| | - Hyo‐Won Kim
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Janet Wozniak
- Clinical and Research Program in Pediatric PsychopharmacologyMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Kiki D Chang
- Department of PsychiatryStanford UniversityPalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Manon Hillegers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and PsychologyErasmus Medical Center‐SophiaRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Eric A Youngstrom
- Department of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
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Cevher Binici N, Inal Emiroğlu FN, Resmi H, Ellidokuz H. Serum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels among Euthymic Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder Type I. Noro Psikiyatr Ars 2017; 53:267-271. [PMID: 28373806 DOI: 10.5152/npa.2015.8832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bipolar disorder (BD) has been increasingly associated with abnormalities in neuroplasticity and cellular resilience in brain regions that are involved in mood and that affect regulation. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family that regulates neuroplasticity. The aims of the current study were to compare serum BDNF levels in euthymic adolescents with BD type I with those in controls and to investigate the relationship between clinical variables and serum BDNF levels in adolescents with BD type I. METHODS Twenty-five adolescents diagnosed with BD type I and 17 healthy control subjects within the age range of 15-19 years were recruited. Diagnoses were made by two experienced research clinicians using the Kiddie and Young Adult Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia Present and Lifetime Version and the affective module of Washington University in St. Louis Kiddie and Young Adult Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present State and Lifetime. Blood samples were taken during euthymia, which was defined as Young Mania Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores below 7. RESULTS The comparison of BDNF serum levels between the case and healthy control groups revealed no significant differences. In the case group, BDNF levels were significantly lower in patients being currently treated with lithium. CONCLUSION Similar to normal BDNF levels in adult patients with BD, the normal BDNF serum levels that we found in the euthymic state in adolescents and early adulthood may be related to the developmental brain stage in our study group. It may also show a common neurobiological basis of pediatric and adult BD. Further investigations evaluating BDNF levels in different mood states could help identify the role of BDNF in the underlying pathophysiology of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagihan Cevher Binici
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dr. Behçet Uz Pediatrics and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Halil Resmi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hülya Ellidokuz
- Department of Preventive Oncology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
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[Study of genetic variants in the BDNF, COMT, DAT1 and SERT genes in Colombian children with attention deficit disorder]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 46:222-228. [PMID: 29122229 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit and hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent among children in Bogota City. Both genetic and environmental factors play a very important role in the etiology of ADHD. However, to date few studies have addressed the association of genetic variants and ADHD in the Colombian population. OBJECTIVES To test the genetic association between polymorphisms in the DAT1, HTTLPR, COMT and BDNF genes and ADHD in a sample from Bogota City. METHODS We genotyped the most common polymorphisms in DAT1, SERT, COMT and BDNF genes associated with ADHD using conventional PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in 97 trios recruited in a medical center in Bogota. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was used to determine the association between such genetic variants and ADHD. RESULTS The TDT analysis showed that no individual allele of any variant studied has a preferential transmission. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the etiology of the ADHD may be complex and involves several genetic factors. Further studies in other candidate polymorphisms in a larger sample size will improve our knowledge of the ADHD in Colombian population.
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Li M, Chang H, Xiao X. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and bipolar disorder in European populations: A risk association in case-control, family-based and GWAS studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 68:218-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zeni CP, Tramontina S, Aguiar BW, Salatino-Oliveira A, Pheula GF, Sharma A, Stertz L, Moreira Maia CR, Hutz M, Kapczinski FP, Rohde LA. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and peripheral protein levels in pediatric bipolar disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:268-74. [PMID: 27209073 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Frontiers between pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are not well defined. Few studies have addressed potentially different neurobiological factors between the two disorders. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been increasingly recognized for its etiologic and prognostic role in adult bipolar disorder (BD) studies. This study aimed to examine the BDNF gene polymorphism and potential alterations in BDNF serum levels in the pediatric ADHD patients with or without comorbid BD illness. METHOD We assessed the non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in the BDNF gene (rs6265/Val66Met) and its serum levels in children and adolescents with BD comorbid with ADHD (BD + ADHD) and ADHD alone. Children and adolescents were assessed for psychiatric diagnoses using the Kiddie-Sads-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL). RESULTS Using Analysis of covariance (ancova) we detected a significant group effect (patients with BD + ADHD had higher serum levels than those with ADHD - F80,3 = 8.73, P = 0.005). CONCLUSION Although the Val66Met polymorphism at the BDNF gene does not seem to play a significant role in children and adolescents with BD or ADHD, BDNF serum levels deserve further attention in future research on neurobiological aspects of BD and ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Zeni
- Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Program (Programa para Crianças e Adolescentes com Transtorno Bipolar - ProCAB), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S Tramontina
- Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Program (Programa para Crianças e Adolescentes com Transtorno Bipolar - ProCAB), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - B W Aguiar
- Bipolar Disorder Unit, Molecular Psychiatry Unit, National Institute for Translational Medicine, CNPq, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A Salatino-Oliveira
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - G F Pheula
- Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Program (Programa para Crianças e Adolescentes com Transtorno Bipolar - ProCAB), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - A Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Stertz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.,Bipolar Disorder Unit, Molecular Psychiatry Unit, National Institute for Translational Medicine, CNPq, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - C R Moreira Maia
- ADHD Outpatient Program (PRODAH), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - M Hutz
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - F P Kapczinski
- Bipolar Disorder Unit, Molecular Psychiatry Unit, National Institute for Translational Medicine, CNPq, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - L A Rohde
- Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Program (Programa para Crianças e Adolescentes com Transtorno Bipolar - ProCAB), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,ADHD Outpatient Program (PRODAH), Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Kennedy KP, Cullen KR, DeYoung CG, Klimes-Dougan B. The genetics of early-onset bipolar disorder: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2015; 184:1-12. [PMID: 26057335 PMCID: PMC5552237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset bipolar disorder has been associated with a significantly worse prognosis than late-onset BD and has been hypothesized to be a genetically homogenous subset of BD. A sizeable number of studies have investigated early-onset BD through linkage-analyses, candidate-gene association studies, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and analyses of copy number variants (CNVs), but this literature has not yet been reviewed. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using the PubMed database on articles published online before January 15, 2015 and after 1990. Separate searches were made for linkage studies, candidate gene-association studies, GWAS, and studies on CNVs. RESULTS Seventy-three studies were included in our review. There is a lack of robust positive findings on the genetics of early-onset BD in any major molecular genetics method. LIMITATIONS Early-onset populations were quite small in some studies. Variance in study methods hindered efforts to interpret results or conduct meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS The field is still at an early phase for research on early-onset BD. The largely null findings mirror the results of most genetics research on BD. Although most studies were underpowered, the null findings could mean that early-onset BD may not be as genetically homogenous as has been hypothesized or even that early-onset BD does not differ genetically from adult-onset BD. Nevertheless, clinically the probabilistic developmental risk trajectories associated with early-onset that may not be primarily genetically determined continued to warrant scrutiny. Future research should dramatically expand sample sizes, use atheoretical research methods like GWAS, and standardize methods.
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Wozniak J, Faraone SV, Martelon M, McKillop HN, Biederman J. Further evidence for robust familiality of pediatric bipolar I disorder: results from a very large controlled family study of pediatric bipolar I disorder and a meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2012; 73:1328-34. [PMID: 23140652 PMCID: PMC3734541 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.12m07770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the risk for bipolar I disorder in first-degree relatives of children with DSM-IV bipolar I disorder via meta-analysis and expanded controlled study. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION For the meta-analysis, PubMed was searched for scientific articles published in the world literature in English through 2011. The keywords searched were bipolar disorder, first-degree relatives, family study, and control. All online abstracts were reviewed, and relevant full manuscripts were collected and reviewed. Citations were also examined for other potentially relevant articles. The analysis included only controlled family studies that examined rates of bipolar I disorder in all first-degree relatives (parents and siblings) of pediatric bipolar I probands and that had age- and sex-matched controls. Family history studies were excluded, as were studies that were not in English, did not report bipolar I rates for all first-degree relatives, or reported only bipolar spectrum rates. Also excluded were family studies that included only adult probands. A meta-analysis was conducted of the 5 controlled family studies of pediatric bipolar I probands that met the search criteria using the random-effects model of DerSimonian and Laird. METHOD For the family study, our previous sample of DSM-IV bipolar I probands was greatly expanded using structured diagnostic interviews. The new study included 239 children aged 6-17 years who satisfied full DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for bipolar I disorder (n = 726 first-degree relatives), 162 attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) probands (without bipolar I disorder; n = 511 first-degree relatives), and 136 healthy control probands (without ADHD or bipolar I disorder; n = 411 first-degree relatives). The Kaplan-Meier cumulative failure function was used to calculate survival curves and cumulative lifetime risk in relatives. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate the risk of bipolar I disorder in relatives. RESULTS The pooled odds ratio for bipolar I disorder in relatives was estimated to be 6.96 (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.8-10.1). First-degree relatives of bipolar I probands were also significantly more likely than first-degree relatives of both ADHD probands (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.02; 95% CI, 1.85-4.93; P < .001) and control probands (HR = 2.83; 95% CI, 1.65-4.84; P < .001) to have bipolar I disorder. CONCLUSIONS Our results document an increased familial risk for bipolar I disorder in relatives of pediatric probands with DSM-IV bipolar I disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Wozniak
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Yawkey 6A, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Stephen V. Faraone
- Departments of Psychiatry and of Neuroscience & Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University
| | - MaryKate Martelon
- Clinical and Research Program in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD at Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Hannah N. McKillop
- Clinical and Research Program in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD at Massachusetts General Hospital
| | - Joseph Biederman
- Clinical and Research Program in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD at Massachusetts General Hospital,Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School
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Schweitzer JB, Fassbender C, Lit L, Reeves GM, Powell SPH. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2012; 106:391-405. [PMID: 22608633 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-52002-9.00022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie B Schweitzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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Sears C, Markie D, Olds R, Fitches A. Evidence of associations between bipolar disorder and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene. Bipolar Disord 2011; 13:630-7. [PMID: 22085476 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has important roles in neural cell growth and differentiation. Despite multiple lines of evidence suggesting BDNF as a possible contributor to the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD), the results of genetic association studies have been mixed. We hypothesize that BDNF gene polymorphisms may confer increased susceptibility to BD. METHODS Using a cohort of multiplex bipolar families, we performed family-based association testing to look for associations between BD and eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from BDNF. RESULTS We found associations (p < 0.05) between BD and six of the eight SNPs analysed, including two SNPs not previously investigated in association studies. We were able to replicate associations previously found between BD and the Val66Met polymorphism of BDNF (rs6265) and the SNPs rs1519480 and rs12273363. We also found evidence of an association between rs11030107 and BD that was not found in a previous study. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that some BDNF gene polymorphisms may be contributing factors in the pathogenesis of BD. Our study also adds to the body of evidence associating the functional Val66Met polymorphism of BDNF with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Sears
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Mick E, McGough J, Loo S, Doyle AE, Wozniak J, Wilens TE, Smalley S, McCracken J, Biederman J, Faraone SV. Genome-wide association study of the child behavior checklist dysregulation profile. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2011; 50:807-17.e8. [PMID: 21784300 PMCID: PMC3143361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A potentially useful tool for understanding the distribution and determinants of emotional dysregulation in children is a Child Behavior Checklist profile, comprising the Attention Problems, Anxious/Depressed, and Aggressive Behavior clinical subscales (CBCL-DP). The CBCL-DP indexes a heritable trait that increases susceptibility for later psychopathology, including severe mood problems and aggressive behavior. We have conducted a genome-wide association study of the CBCL-DP in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD Families were ascertained at Massachusetts General Hospital and University of California, Los Angeles. Genotyping was conducted with the Illumina Human1M or Human1M-Duo BeadChip platforms. Genome-wide association analyses were conducted with the MQFAM multivariate extension of PLINK. RESULTS CBCL data were available for 341 ADHD offspring from 339 ADHD affected trio families from the UCLA (N = 128) and the MGH (N = 213) sites. We found no genome-wide statistically significant associations but identified several plausible candidate genes among findings at p < 5E-05: TMEM132D, LRRC7, SEMA3A, ALK, and STIP1. CONCLUSIONS We found suggestive evidence for developmentally expressed genes operant in hippocampal dependent memory and learning with the CBCL-DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Mick
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
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Xiao Y, Russell IJ, Liu YG. A brain-derived neurotrophic factor polymorphism Val66Met identifies fibromyalgia syndrome subgroup with higher body mass index and C-reactive protein. Rheumatol Int 2011; 32:2479-85. [PMID: 21773883 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-011-1990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the gene of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) results from a substitution at position 66 from valine (Val) to methionine (Met) and may predispose to human neuropsychiatric disorders. We proposed to determine whether these BDNF gene SNPs were associated with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and/or any of its typical phenotypes. Patients with FMS (N = 95) and healthy normal controls (HNC, N = 58) were studied. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The BDNF SNPs were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).The BDNF SNP distribution was 65 (68%) Val/Val, 28 (30%) Val/Met, and 2 (2%) Met/Met for FMS and 40 (69%), 17(29%), and 1 (2%) for HNC, respectively. The serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)and body mass index (BMI) in FMS were higher than in HNC. The FMS with BDNF Val66Val had significantly higher mean BMI (P = 0.0001) and hsCRP (P = 0.02) than did FMS carrying the Val66Met genotype. This pattern was not found in HNC. Phenotypic measures of subjective pain, pain threshold, depression, or insomnia did not relate to either of the BDNF SNPs in FMS. The relative distribution BDNF SNPs did not differ between FMS and HNC. The BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is not selective for FMS. The BDNF Val66Val SNP identifies a subgroup of FMS with elevated hsCRP and higher BMI. This is the first study to associate a BDNF polymorphism with a FMS subgroup phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangming Xiao
- Department of Medicine\Clinical Immunology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
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Archer T, Oscar-Berman M, Blum K. Epigenetics in Developmental Disorder: ADHD and Endophenotypes. JOURNAL OF GENETIC SYNDROMES & GENE THERAPY 2011; 2:1000104. [PMID: 22224195 PMCID: PMC3250517 DOI: 10.4172/2157-7412.1000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with complex interactive operations of genetic and environmental factors, is expressed in a variety of disorder manifestations: severity, co-morbidities of symptoms, and the effects of genes on phenotypes. Neurodevelopmental influences of genomic imprinting have set the stage for the structural-physiological variations that modulate the cognitive, affective, and pathophysiological domains of ADHD. The relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors provide rapidly proliferating insights into the developmental trajectory of the condition, both structurally and functionally. Parent-of-origin effects seem to support the notion that genetic risks for disease process debut often interact with the social environment, i.e., the parental environment in infants and young children. The notion of endophenotypes, markers of an underlying liability to the disorder, may facilitate detection of genetic risks relative to a complex clinical disorder. Simple genetic association has proven insufficient to explain the spectrum of ADHD. At a primary level of analysis, the consideration of epigenetic regulation of brain signalling mechanisms, dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline is examined. Neurotrophic factors that participate in the neurogenesis, survival, and functional maintenance of brain systems, are involved in neuroplasticity alterations underlying brain disorders, and are implicated in the genetic predisposition to ADHD, but not obviously, nor in a simple or straightforward fashion. In the context of intervention, genetic linkage studies of ADHD pharmacological intervention have demonstrated that associations have fitted the "drug response phenotype," rather than the disorder diagnosis. Despite conflicting evidence for the existence, or not, of genetic associations between disorder diagnosis and genes regulating the structure and function of neurotransmitters and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), associations between symptoms-profiles endophenotypes and single nucleotide polymorphisms appear reassuring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Archer
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Box 500, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marlene Oscar-Berman
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, and Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth Blum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, and McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Sharp SI, McQuillin A, Gurling HMD. Genetics of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Neuropharmacology 2009; 57:590-600. [PMID: 19715710 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 08/18/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous syndrome which is comorbid with childhood conduct disorder, alcoholism, substance abuse, dis-social personality disorder, and affective disorders. A small but consistent overlap with autistic symptoms has also been established. Twin and family studies of ADHD show a substantial genetic heritability with little or no family environmental effect. Linkage and association studies have conclusively implicated the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1). DAT1 has also been confirmed as being associated with bipolar disorder. Remarkably, and for the first time in psychiatry, genetic markers at the DAT1 locus appear to be able to predict clinical heterogeneity because the non-conduct disordered subgroup of ADHD is associated with DAT1 whereas other subgroups do not appear to be associated. The second most well replicated susceptibility gene encodes the DRD4 dopamine receptor and many other dopamine related genes appear to be implicated. It is becoming increasingly clear that genes causing bipolar mania overlap with genes for a subtype of ADHD. The key to understanding the genetics of ADHD is to accept very considerable heterogeneity with different genes having effects in different families and in different individuals. It is too early to interpret the new wave of genome-wide association and copy number variant studies but preliminary data support the overlap with affective disorder genes and also with CNS connectivity genes likely to be involved in autism and affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally I Sharp
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Research Department of Mental Health Sciences, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, University College London Medical School, 46 Cleveland Street, London W1T 4JF, UK
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