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Houguig K, Ouzennou N, Rayadi M, Rkha S. Observance of hygiene and dietary rules and the associated factors among diabetic subjects in Essaouira Province, Morocco: a cross-sectional study. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 41:22. [PMID: 35291359 PMCID: PMC8895567 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.22.30196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction hygiene and dietary recommendations are a fundamental pillar of diabetes management. The objective of this study is to measure the rate of observance of hygiene and dietary rules and the factors associated with these among a group of Moroccan diabetic subjects. Methods a cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on 522 subjects with types 1 and 2 diabetes followed at different health centres in the province of Essaouira (Morocco). Results non-observance of hygiene and dietary rules rate was assessed at 41,4%, (66.5% for diet, 32.4% for lifestyle and 30.8% for physical activity). Rural area (p<0.001), poor glycaemic control (p<0.001), ignorance of hygiene and dietary rules (p<0.001) and long duration of diabetes (p<0.01) are associated with non-observance of diet. Good family support (p<0.01) is associated with good observance of lifestyle recommendations, short duration of diabetes progression (p<0.01) is associated with good observance of physical activity recommendations. Conclusion non-observance of hygiene and dietary rules is always a problem in the management of chronic diseases. Ignorance of hygiene and dietary measures, lassitude and difficulty in adapting to a new lifestyle are the main obstacles that diabetics must overcome in order to better manage their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Houguig
- Department of Biology, Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Nadia Ouzennou
- Department of Biology, Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
- Higher Institute of Nursing and Technical Health, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Mahassine Rayadi
- Endocrinology Service, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah Hospital, Essaouira, Morocco
| | - Samia Rkha
- Department of Biology, Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
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2
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Gebreyesus HA, Abreha GF, Besherae SD, Abera MA, Weldegerima AH, Kidane EG, Bezabih AM, Lemma TB, Nigatu TG. Eating behavior among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus in North Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:99. [PMID: 34001064 PMCID: PMC8127210 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00750-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet is central to the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Depending on the stage of the disease at which the recommended diet is initiated, optimal adherence can reduce HbA1c by about 1 to 2%. However, evidence on eating behavior is generally scarce including in Ethiopia. The present study aimed to assess the eating behavior of adults with T2DM in North Ethiopia. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 421 adults with T2DM from September to November 2019. Socio-demographic variables were collected using structured questionnaires; an asset-based wealth index was used to determine socioeconomic status. Three dimensions of eating behavior were assessed using Likert-type items: food selection, meal planning and calorie recognition. Raw Likert scores in each dimension were transformed to percent scales to maximum (%SM). Participants' behavior in each dimension was categorized into healthy and unhealthy taking 66.7% SM score as a cutoff. Overall eating behavior was determined by aggregating ranks scored in the three dimensions. Correlates of overall eating behavior were identified using Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression with statistical significance set at P-value < 0.05. RESULT Only 1% of the participants had overall healthy eating behavior. Yet, overall unhealthy eating was apparent in 54.4%. By dimensions, healthy eating behaviors in food selection, meal planning and calorie recognition were seen in 43.5, 7.4 and 2.9% participants, respectively. Factors that were positively associated with having healthy eating behavior in one dimension relative to unhealthy in all were: receiving nutrition education [AOR 1.73; CI 1.09, 2.74], female gender [AOR 1.78; CI 1.03, 3.08] & being in 26-44 age category [AOR 3.7; CI 1.56, 8.85]. But, being in the poor [AOR 0.42; CI 0.16, 1.32] or average [AOR 0.54; CI 0.19, 1.55] socioeconomic strata were negatively associated. However, only receiving nutrition education [AOR 3.65; CI 1.31, 10.18] was significantly associated with having healthy behavior in two eating dimensions over unhealthy in all. CONCLUSION In North Ethiopia, the overall eating behavior of adults with T2DM is extremely poor. Diverse and integrated approaches including nutrition education during consultation should be implemented to address the gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagos Amare Gebreyesus
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
- College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
| | | | | | | | | | - Eshetu Girma Kidane
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Tsinuel Girma Nigatu
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
- Jimma University Clinical and Nutrition Research Center (JUCAN), Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Anitha Rani M, Shriraam V. Are Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Not Aware or Are They Unable to Practice Self-Care? A Qualitative Study in Rural South India. J Prim Care Community Health 2020; 10:2150132719865820. [PMID: 31375045 PMCID: PMC6681247 DOI: 10.1177/2150132719865820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lack of awareness and poor adherence to dietary,
lifestyle modifications, and medications among patients with diabetes result in
poor health outcomes. Aim: This study aimed to understand patients’
perceptions about barriers to self-management of diabetes. Materials and
Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative study among patients with
diabetes attending a rural health center. Five focus group discussions were
conducted with 8 to 11 participants using a topic guide. Results:
Many were unaware of target levels and complications of diabetes. Some aspects
of the dietary information were found to be quite confusing. Physical
constraints prevented many from going for outdoor walking. They have not
received any information on foot care. Conclusions: Understanding
the barriers for self-care will help health care workers manage diabetes
better.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Anitha Rani
- 1 Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vanishree Shriraam
- 1 Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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4
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Gomes AP, Bierhals IO, Vieira LS, Soares ALG, Flores TR, Assunção MCF, Gonçalves H. [Dietary patterns of elderly Brazilians and associated determinants: a population-based study in the south of Brazil]. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2020; 25:1999-2008. [PMID: 32520248 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232020256.20932018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study sought to assess the effect of demographic and socioeconomic factors, chronic diseases, and health counseling on dietary patterns of the elderly. Food consumption was assessed by means of a reduced eating frequency questionnaire distributed to 1,426 elderly residents in Pelotas, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and dietary patterns were obtained using main component analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: healthy diet (wholegrain food, fruits, vegetables, and milk) and Western diet (sweet snacks, fried foods, frozen foods, processed meats, and fast food). Females, non-smokers, and alcohol-free individuals tended more toward the healthy diet, whereas males, smokers, alcohol-dependent, and overweight individuals tended more toward the Western diet. Higher income and schooling were associated with a higher tendency toward both diets, and chronic diseases were not associated with either diet. Receiving counseling for adopting healthy habits was associated with a higher tendency toward a healthy diet and a lower tendency toward the Western diet. There is a need to increase effective guidance on healthy habits by health services to promote healthier eating practices, with special attention to elderly males, smokers, alcohol-dependent and overweight individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160/3°, Centro. 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Isabel Oliveira Bierhals
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160/3°, Centro. 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Luna Strieder Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160/3°, Centro. 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Ana Luiza Gonçalves Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160/3°, Centro. 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Thaynã Ramos Flores
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160/3°, Centro. 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Maria Cecília Formoso Assunção
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160/3°, Centro. 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
| | - Helen Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas. R. Marechal Deodoro 1160/3°, Centro. 96020-220, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
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Woo J, Lehrer HM, Whyne E, Steinhardt M. The longitudinal association of psychological resources with chronic conditions and the mediating roles of health behaviours and allostatic load. Psychol Health 2020; 35:629-643. [PMID: 31549526 PMCID: PMC7769193 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2019.1656205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association of psychological resources with the prevalence of chronic conditions up to 10 years later, and the mediating roles of health behaviours and allostatic load. Design: Participants from the Midlife in the United States study (N = 850) completed surveys and biomarker assessments over the course of 10 years. Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcome was the prevalence of chronic conditions later in life, controlling for baseline chronic conditions. Secondary outcomes were health behaviours and allostatic load. Direct and indirect associations between psychological resources and chronic conditions were examined. Results: Psychological resources were negatively associated with chronic conditions directly (ƅ = -.177, p < .05) and indirectly through health behaviours (ƅ = -.026, p < .05), but not through allostatic load (ƅ = -.000, p > .05). Psychological resources were positively associated with health behaviours (ƅ = .130, p < .01), but no association was found between psychological resources and allostatic load (ƅ = -.002, p > .05). Health behaviours were negatively associated with chronic conditions (ƅ = -.201, p < .01), and allostatic load was positively associated with chronic conditions (ƅ = .197, p < .05). Conclusion: Findings highlight the beneficial influence of psychological resources on chronic conditions, and the mediating role of health behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Woo
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
| | - H Matthew Lehrer
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Erum Whyne
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Mary Steinhardt
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
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Mambiya M, Shang M, Wang Y, Li Q, Liu S, Yang L, Zhang Q, Zhang K, Liu M, Nie F, Zeng F, Liu W. The Play of Genes and Non-genetic Factors on Type 2 Diabetes. Front Public Health 2019; 7:349. [PMID: 31803711 PMCID: PMC6877736 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes has been a disease of public health concern for a number of decades. It was in the 1930s when scientists made an interesting discovery that the disease is actually divided into two types as some patients were insensitive to insulin treatment then. Type 2 Diabetes which happens to be the non-insulin dependent one is the most common form of the disease and is caused by the interaction between genetic and non-genetic factors. Despite conflicting results, numerous studies have identified genetic and non-genetic factors associated with this common type of diabetes. This review has summarized literature on some genes and non-genetic factors which have been identified to be associated with Type 2 diabetes. It has sourced literature from PubMed, Web of Science and Medline without any limitation to regions, publication types, or languages. The paper has started with the introduction, the play of non-genetic factors, the impact of genes in general, and ended with the interaction between some genes and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mambiya
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengke Shang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Luping Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengwei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fangfang Nie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fanxin Zeng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wanyang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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7
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Roderick P, Turner V, Readshaw A, Dogar O, Siddiqi K. The global prevalence of tobacco use in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 154:52-65. [PMID: 31202865 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A multi-layered association between tobacco use and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is well established. However, global epidemiological patterns of tobacco use among T2DM patients are not well documented; this review thus aims to estimate the overall global burden of tobacco use in T2DM. METHODS A systematic review of studies published from Jan 1, 1990 to October 5, 2017 was undertaken, comprising: a comprehensive literature search on multiple electronic databases; quality assessment of studies; data extraction for the primary (prevalence of tobacco use in T2DM patients) and secondary outcomes (patterns of tobacco use in T2DM patients); and a meta-analysis. The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. A protocol for this review is available on PROSPERO (CRD42016038793). FINDINGS 74 studies were included in the review, reporting data from 3.2 million participants across 33 countries. Global mean prevalence of tobacco use in T2DM was 20·81% (95% CI 18·93-22·76), and was higher in the WHO East Asia and Pacific and South Asia regions, compared to the Americas, Middle East and North Africa, Europe and Central Asia. In studies which compared prevalence of tobacco use in patients to non-patients, patients with T2DM were 26% less likely to use tobacco (pooled OR = 0·74 (CI 0·61-0·88). INTERPRETATION Tobacco is used by one in five T2DM patients globally, but usage is less likely in patients than in non-patients. Global patterns of use demonstrated by this review have implications for both prevention and The understanding of diabetes burden, and the success of tobacco cessation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anne Readshaw
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Omara Dogar
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, United Kingdom
| | - Kamran Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, United Kingdom
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8
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Zhao M, Graham I, Cooney MT, Grobbee DE, Vaartjes I, Klipstein-Grobusch K. Determinants of coronary artery disease risk factor management across three world regions. HEART ASIA 2019; 11:e011112. [PMID: 31031827 PMCID: PMC6454324 DOI: 10.1136/heartasia-2018-011112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The SUrvey of Risk Factors (SURF) indicated poor control of risk factors in subjects with established coronary heart disease (CHD). The present study aimed to investigate determinants of risk factor management in patients with CHD. Methods and results SURF recruited 9987 consecutive patients with CHD from Europe, Asia and the Middle East between 2012 and 2013. Risk factor management was summarised as a Cardiovascular Health Index Score (CHIS) based on six risk factor targets (non-smoker/ex-smoker, body mass index <30, adequate exercise, controlled blood pressure, controlled low-density lipoprotein and controlled glucose). Logistic regression models assessed the associations between determinants (age, sex, family history, cardiac rehabilitation, previous hospital admission and diabetes) and achievement of moderate CHIS (≥3 risk factors controlled). The results are presented as OR with corresponding 95% CI. A moderate CHIS was less likely to be reached by women (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.00), those aged <55 years old (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.76) and those with diabetes (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.46). Attendance in cardiac rehabilitation was associated with better CHIS achievements (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.42 to 1.87). Younger Asian and European patients had poorer risk factor management, whereas for patients from the Middle East age was not significantly associated with risk factor management. The availability and applicability of cardiac rehabilitation varied by region. Conclusions Overall, risk factor management was poorer in women, those younger than 55 years old, those with diabetes and those who did not participate in a cardiac rehabilitation. Determinants of cardiovascular risk factor management differed by region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marie Therese Cooney
- St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.,University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diederick E Grobbee
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Global Geo Health Data Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ilonca Vaartjes
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch
- Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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9
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Burch E, Williams LT, Makepeace H, Alston-Knox C, Ball L. How Does Diet Change with A Diagnosis of Diabetes? Protocol of the 3D Longitudinal Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E158. [PMID: 30642072 PMCID: PMC6356516 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet quality influences glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), impacting their risk of complications. While there are many cross-sectional studies of diet and diabetes, there is little understanding of the extent to which people with T2D change their diet after diagnosis and of the factors that impact those changes. This paper describes the rationale for and design of the 3D longitudinal Study which aims to: (i) describe diet quality changes in the 12 months following T2D diagnosis, (ii) identify the demographic, physical and psychosocial predictors of sustained improvements in diet quality and glycemic control, and (iii) identify associations between glycemic control and diet quality in the 12 months following diagnosis. This cohort study will recruit adults registered with the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme who have been recently diagnosed with T2D. Participants will be involved in five purposefully developed telephone surveys, conducted at 3 monthly intervals over a 12-month period. Diet quality will be determined using a 24-h dietary recall at each data collection point and the data will be scored using the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet-quality tool. This study is the first dedicated to observing how people newly diagnosed with T2D change their diet quality over time and the predictors of sustained improvements in diet and glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Burch
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia.
| | - Lauren T Williams
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia.
| | - Harriet Makepeace
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia.
| | - Clair Alston-Knox
- Office of the Pro-Vice Chancellor, Arts, Education and Law, Griffith University, Mount Gravatt Campus, Brisbane 4222, Australia.
| | - Lauren Ball
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast 4215, Australia.
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10
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Neves RG, Duro SMS, Flores TR, Wendt A, Costa CDS, Nunes BP, Wehrmeister FC, Muñiz J, Castro TRP, Tomasi E. Social inequalities in care for the elderly with diabetes in Brazil. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2018; 42:e88. [PMID: 31093116 PMCID: PMC6386198 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2018.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective. To measure the prevalence of various care services offered to the elderly with diabetes mellitus in Brazil, and to assess the social inequalities in these services. Methods. This cross-sectional, population-based study was carried out in 2013. The care services offered were evaluated in terms of the following eight indicators: recommendations to lower carbohydrates, to measure blood glucose, and to examine the feet; requests made for blood tests, for glycated hemoglobin tests, and for glycemic curve tests; and whether service users had had their eyes or feet examined in the previous year. We used the slope index of inequality and the concentration index to assess the inequalities among wealth quintiles. Results. A total of 1 685 elderly persons with diabetes were evaluated. Overall, 41.7% of them had had their eyes examined in the preceding year, 35.4% had had their feet examined in the preceding year, and 10.9% had been offered all eight of the care services. The largest absolute differences (in percentage points) between the first (poorest) and fifth (richest) wealth quintiles in terms of the care services that were offered to the users were for: a recommendation to measure blood glucose (25.8), a glycated hemoglobin test request (27.4), a glycemic curve test request (31.9), having the eyes examined in the preceding year (29.3), and having the feet examined in the preceding year (27.0). Conclusion. There were notable inequalities in the prevalences of the care services. In the future, measurement of blood glucose and examination of the feet should be emphasized, especially for elderly persons in a lower socioeconomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosália Garcia Neves
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Thaynã Ramos Flores
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andrea Wendt
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dos Santos Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Bruno Pereira Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Javier Muñiz
- Instituto Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad da Coruña, A Coruña, España
| | | | - Elaine Tomasi
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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11
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Habibzadeh H, Sofiani A, Alilu L, Gillespie M. The Effect of Group Discussion-based Education on Self-management of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Compared with Usual Care: A Randomized Control Trial. Oman Med J 2017; 32:499-506. [PMID: 29218127 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2017.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We sought to determine the effect of group discussion-based education on the self-management capability of patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran. Methods This randomized control trial was conducted on 90 patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants were allocated randomly into one of two groups; intervention and control. The intervention group received the group discussion-based education while the control group received routine care only. The Lin's self-management questionnaire was completed at baseline and three months post-intervention. Results Statistical analysis, including the use of independent t-test, identified that in comparison to the control group, significant increases were observed in the scores of self-organization (t =11.24, p < 0.001), self-adjustment (t = 7.53, p < 0.001), interaction with health experts (t = 7.31, p < 0.001), blood sugar self-monitoring (t = 6.42, p < 0.001), adherence to the proposed diet (t = 5.22, p < 0.001), and total self-management (t = 10.82, p < 0.001) in the intervention group. Conclusions Sharing experiences through group discussions and receiving instructive feedback can improve the ability to self-manage diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Habibzadeh
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Akbar Sofiani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leyla Alilu
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mark Gillespie
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland
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12
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Simpson SH, Lin M, Eurich DT. Community Pharmacy-Based Inducement Programs Associated With Better Medication Adherence: A Cohort Study. Ann Pharmacother 2017; 51:630-639. [PMID: 28372491 DOI: 10.1177/1060028017703720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inducement programs can promote customer loyalty; however, the clinical effects of these programs are unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine relationships among inducement program use, medication adherence, and health outcomes. METHODS Alberta residents with ≥ 1 physician visit for diabetes or hypertension between April 2008 and March 2014 were eligible for this study and included if they were new statin users and alive at least 455 days after the first statin dispensation. Group assignment was based on whether all statin dispensations in the first year were obtained from pharmacies with or without inducement programs. Discontinuation was defined as no statin dispensations between 275 and 455 days after the first statin dispensation. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) hospitalizations or deaths were identified between 456 days and 3 years after the first statin dispensation. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships among inducement program use, discontinuation, and ACS events. RESULTS Among the 159 998 new statin users, mean age was 60.2 (±13.7) years and 67 534 (42%) were women. Statin discontinuation occurred in 22 455 (28.9%) of 77 803 inducement group participants and 25 816 (31.4%) of 82 195 noninducement group participants (adjusted odds ratio = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.86-0.90). Risk of an ACS event was similar between groups (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.00; 95% CI 0.92-1.08); however, discontinuing statin therapy was associated with a higher risk of an ACS event (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.16-1.39). CONCLUSIONS Inducement programs are associated with better adherence and not directly associated with risk of health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mu Lin
- 1 University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Mogre V, Wanaba P, Apala P, Nsoh JA. Self-reported receipt of healthcare professional's weight management counselling is associated with self-reported weight management behaviours of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:379. [PMID: 27066386 PMCID: PMC4811845 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight loss has been shown to influence the health outcomes of type 2 diabetes patients. Providing weight management counselling to diabetes patients may help them adopt appropriate weight management behaviours to lose weight. This study determined the association between self-reported receipt of healthcare professional's weight management counselling and the weight management behaviours of type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 378 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients seeking care from two hospitals. Using a questionnaire, participants' weight management behaviours were assessed as well as receipt of healthcare professional's weight management counselling. RESULTS Half (51.3 %) of the participants reported receipt of healthcare professional's weight management counselling in the last 12 months. Half of the participants ever tried to lose weight. Fewer than half of the participants reported modifying their dietary habits (45.5 %) or engaging in exercise (48.7 %) to lose weight. Those who reported receipt of weight management counselling were more likely to report ever trying to lose weight (AOR 43.0, 95 % CI 23.0-81.6; p < 0.001), modifying their dietary habits (AOR 22.5, 95 % CI 13.0-39.19; p < 0.001), and engaging in exercise (AOR 13.0, 95 % CI 7.8-21.7; p < 0.001) to lose weight. CONCLUSION Participants engaged in varied weight management behaviours. Receipt of health care professionals' weight management counselling was associated to participants' reported participation in weight management behaviours. Weight management counselling from health care professionals may support the adoption of weight management behaviours in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Mogre
- />Department of Human Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, P.O. Box TL 1883, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Peter Wanaba
- />Department of Nursing, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Peter Apala
- />Department of Nursing, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Jonas A. Nsoh
- />Department of Nursing, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
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Flores TR, Nunes BP, Assunção MCF, Bertoldi AD. Hábitos saudáveis: que tipo de orientação a população idosa está recebendo dos profissionais de saúde? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2016; 19:167-80. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-5497201600010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de orientações sobre hábitos saudáveis recebidas de profissionais de saúde entre idosos e sua relação com indicadores socioeconômicos, demográficos, comportamentais, de saúde e do tipo de serviços. Métodos: Estudo transversal, de base populacional, com indivíduos de 60 anos ou mais da zona urbana de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. Foram avaliadas sete orientações sobre hábitos saudáveis: controlar o peso, reduzir o sal, açúcar e gordura, praticar atividade física, não fumar e não ingerir bebidas alcoólicas. Resultados: Entre os 1.451 idosos entrevistados, 1.281 (88,3%) consultaram no último ano. As orientações mais referidas foram para redução do consumo de gordura (61,7%), de sal (61,5%) e prática de atividade física (58,2%). Idosos que consultaram três vezes ou mais e em serviços financiados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde receberam mais orientações. Aqueles idosos de classificação econômica A/B tiveram maior probabilidade de receber orientação para controle de peso (RP = 1,27; IC95% 1,06 - 1,70) e para prática de atividade física (RP = 1,34; IC95% 1,06 - 1,69). Conclusão: As orientações, por profissionais de saúde, foram pouco frequentes e, em alguns casos, desfocalizadas.
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Gucuk S. Effects of the behavior of elderly type 2 diabetic patients and their relatives as caregivers on diabetes follow-up parameters in Bolu, Turkey. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16:182-90. [PMID: 25613591 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM In the present study, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their relatives as caregivers during the treatment period, and the effects on treatment success were evaluated. METHODS A cross-sectional study of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 65 years and older and their relatives as caregivers was carried out. The questionnaire given to the participants consisted of three sections: the first section included questions regarding sociodemographic characteristics; the second section included questions on patient treatment, habits of drug use, lifestyle changes such as dietary habits; and the third section included anthropometric measurements and laboratory evaluations. The questionnaire given to the patients' relatives as caregivers consisted of questions regarding their sociodemographic characteristics and information regarding the patient. RESULTS The present study consisted of 115 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and their relatives as caregivers. The average duration of diabetes was 12.14 ± 6.74 years. Body mass index was 30.2 ± 4.2 kg/m(2) , average hemoglobin A1c level was 7.09 ± 0.64%, and 40.1% of the patients lived with their partners only. As the frequency of physical exercise increased, hemoglobin A1c levels decreased to <7.5% (P < 0.05).The patients whose caregivers were college-educated or equivalent had a significantly low body mass index (P < 0.05). Patients who lived with their partners showed a significant correlation with lower hemoglobin A1c levels (<7.5%; P = 0.002). CONCLUSION In order to improve diabetic conditions in the elderly and to overcome obstacles to disease management, maximizing the cooperative efforts between the patients and their caregivers is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Gucuk
- Family Medicine, Izzet Baysal Family Health Center, Bolu, Turkey
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The Alberta’s Caring for Diabetes (ABCD) Study: Rationale, Design and Baseline Characteristics of a Prospective Cohort of Adults with Type 2 Diabetes. Can J Diabetes 2015; 39 Suppl 3:S113-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Dobson KG, Hall P. A pilot study examining patient attitudes and intentions to adopt assistive technologies into type 2 diabetes self-management. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2015; 9:309-15. [PMID: 25427965 PMCID: PMC4604576 DOI: 10.1177/1932296814560395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Approximately half of individuals living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have suboptimal self-management, which could be improved by using assistive technologies in self-management regimes. This study examines patient attitudes and intentions to adopt assistive technologies into T2DM self-management. Forty-four participants (M = 58.7 years) with T2DM were recruited from diabetes education classes in the southwestern Ontario, Canada, between February and April 2014. Participants completed a self-reported in-person survey assessing demographic characteristics, current diabetes management, and attitudes toward using assistive technologies in their diabetes self-management. Demographics, disease characteristics, and current technology use and preferences of the cohort were examined, followed by a correlational analysis of descriptive characteristics and attitudes and intentions to use technology in self-management. The majority of (but not all) participants felt that using Internet applications (65%) and smartphone (53.5%) applications for self-management was a good idea. The majority of participants did not currently use an Internet (92.5%) or mobile (96%) application for self-management. Of participants, 77% intended to use an Internet application to manage their diabetes in the future and 58% intended to use mobile applications. Younger age was associated with more positive attitudes (r = -.432, P = .003) and intentions (r = -.425, P = .005) to use assistive technologies in diabetes self-management. Findings suggest that patients, especially those younger in age, are favorable toward adopting assistive technologies into management practice. However, attitudes among older adults are less positive, and few currently make use of such technologies in any age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen G Dobson
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Hall
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Baillot A, Pelletier C, Dunbar P, Geiss L, Johnson JA, Leiter LA, Langlois MF. Profile of adults with type 2 diabetes and uptake of clinical care best practices: results from the 2011 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada - Diabetes component. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2014; 103:11-9. [PMID: 24369983 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to (1) describe the profile of adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Canada and (2) assess the uptake of clinical care best practices, as defined by the Canadian Diabetes Association (CDA) Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). METHODS We used data from the 2011 Survey on Living with Chronic Diseases in Canada - Diabetes component. Participants were aged 20 years and older, living in the 10 Canadian provinces, with self-reported T2D. Descriptive analyses present the prevalence of complications and comorbidities, as well as the level of clinical monitoring and self-monitoring/lifestyle management recommendations participants received. RESULTS We included 2335 participants with T2D, a mean age of 62.9 years, and high prevalence of complications/comorbidities and prescription medication use. Most participants reported being monitored as recommended for eye disease (73.9%), weight (81.0%), blood pressure (89.0%) and blood cholesterol levels (94.3%), but only 65.5% reported having at least two HbA1c tests during the last year and 46.5% reported an annual foot examination by a health professional. About two-thirds of the participants reported having received recommendations on weight management (59.9%) and physical activity (64.7%) from a health professional in the previous year; only 47.8% of the participants reported having received diet counseling to improve diabetes control. CONCLUSION Although the uptake of CDA CPGs for clinical and self-monitoring was high, with the majority of the participants reporting meeting most indicators, it was lower for HbA1c measurement and foot examination. Uptake of lifestyle management recommendations provided by health professionals was also significantly lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Baillot
- Étienne-LeBel Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Sherbrooke, Canada
| | | | - Peggy Dunbar
- Diabetes Care Program of Nova Scotia, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Linda Geiss
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Johnson
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lawrence A Leiter
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Keenan Research Centre in the Li KaShing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-France Langlois
- Étienne-LeBel Clinical Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Sherbrooke, Canada.
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