1
|
Sandhu S, Sharma V, Kumar S, Rai N, Chand P. Quantifying variations associated with dental caries reveals disparity in effect allele frequencies across diverse populations. BMC Genom Data 2024; 25:50. [PMID: 38831280 PMCID: PMC11149341 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-024-01215-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries (DC) is a multifaceted oral condition influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Recent advancements in genotyping and sequencing technologies, such as Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have helped researchers to identify numerous genetic variants associated with DC, but their prevalence and significance across diverse global populations remain poorly understood as most of the studies were conducted in European populations, and very few were conducted in Asians specifically in Indians. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the genetic affinity of effect alleles associated with DC to understand the genetic relationship between global populations with respect to the Indian context. METHODOLOGY This present study used an empirical approach in which variants associated with DC susceptibility were selected. These variants were identified and annotated using the GWAS summary. The genetic affinity was evaluated using Fst. RESULTS The effect of allele frequencies among different populations was examined, revealing variations in allele distribution. African populations exhibited higher frequencies of specific risk alleles, whereas East Asian and European populations displayed distinct profiles. South Asian populations showed a unique genetic cluster. CONCLUSION Our study emphasises the complex genetic landscape of DC and highlights the need for population-specific research as well as validation of GWAS-identified markers in Indians before defining them as established candidate genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangram Sandhu
- Ancient DNA Lab, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 226607, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, 226003, Lucknow, India
| | - Varun Sharma
- NMC Genetics India Pvt Ltd, 122002, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Ancient DNA Lab, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 226607, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 201002, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Niraj Rai
- Ancient DNA Lab, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, 226607, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 201002, Ghaziabad, India.
| | - Pooran Chand
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George's Medical University, 226003, Lucknow, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abdul NS, Shenoy M, Reddy NR, Sangappa SB, Shivakumar GC, Di Blasio M, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Gene sequencing applications to combat oral-cavity related disorders: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:103. [PMID: 38233799 PMCID: PMC10792784 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene sequencing (GS) has numerous applications in combatting oral-cavity related disorders, including identifying genetic risk factors for diseases, developing targeted therapies, and improving diagnostic methods. It can help identify specific genetic mutations or variations that increase the risk of developing oral-cavity related disorders, such as oral cancer, periodontal disease, and cleft lip and palate. By the means of the following investigation, our primary objective was to assess the impact of GS technique in diagnosing and potentially treating diseases of the oral cavity by the means of a systematic review and meta-analysis. We commenced by defining the terms "gene sequencing," "oral cavity," and "disorders" as the important elements in our investigation's subject. Next, relevant databases like PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched using keywords and synonyms for each concept, such as "genomic sequencing," "DNA sequencing," "oral health," "oral diseases," "dental caries," "periodontal disease," "oral cancer," and "salivary gland disorders." We combined several search terms, such as "gene sequencing AND oral disorders AND periodontal disease" or "oral cancer OR genomic sequencing," to further hone your search results using Boolean operators like "AND" and "OR." The oral cavity analysis obtained by CS in the selected articles revealed that most of the disorders were, in fact, a direct causal event influenced by the oral microbiome. Moreover, each sampled oral cavity evidenced a different microbial community, which predicted the precipitation of benign as well as malignant conditions, though not on a definitive basis. In the last ten years, genomic sequencing had advanced remarkably as majority of our selected studies observed, making it possible to diagnose and treat a variety of oral and maxillofacial disorders, including cancer. It was also used to ascertain a person's genetic make-up as well as to spot numerous genetic abnormalities that can predispose individuals to diseases. Understanding the different sequencing techniques and the resulting genetic anomalies may help with their clinical application and lead to an improvement in illness diagnosis and prognosis as a whole in the field of dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishath Sayed Abdul
- Faculty of Oral Pathology, Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahesh Shenoy
- Faculty of Oral Pathology, Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveen Rami Reddy
- Dept of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sunila Bukanakere Sangappa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ganiga Channaiah Shivakumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, People's College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Marco Di Blasio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Center of Dentistry, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, 600 077, Chennai, India.
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, 81100, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sen S, Logue L, Logue M, Otersen E, Mason E, Moss K, Curtis J, Hicklin D, Nichols C, Rosamond WD, Gottesman RF, Beck J. Dental Caries, Race and Incident Ischemic Stroke, Coronary Heart Disease, and Death. Stroke 2024; 55:40-49. [PMID: 38018831 PMCID: PMC10841981 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.042528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is a highly prevalent disease worldwide. In the United States, untreated dental caries is present in >1 in 5 adults. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between dental caries and incident ischemic stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD) events, and death. METHODS The dental cohort (n=6351) of the ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) was followed for incident ischemic stroke, CHD event, and all-cause mortality. Of all the participants at visit 4 (n=11 656), those who were unable to go through dental examination, or with prevalent ischemic stroke and CHD events, were excluded. The full-mouth dental examination was conducted at visit 4 (1996-1998), assessing dental caries. The dose response of decayed, missing, and filled surfaces due to caries was assessed and related to the outcome. Outcomes were assessed through the end of 2019. Additionally, the effect of regular dental care utilization on dental caries was evaluated. RESULTS Participants with ≥1 dental caries had an increased risk of stroke (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.40 [95% CI, 1.10-1.79]) and death (adjusted HR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.01-1.26]) but not for CHD events (adjusted HR, 1.13 [95% CI, 0.93-1.37]). The association of dental caries and ischemic incident stroke was significantly higher in the African American population compared with the White subgroup (interaction term P=0.0001). Increasing decayed, missing, and filled surfaces were significantly associated with stroke (adjusted HR, 1.006 [95% CI, 1.001-1.011]) and death (adjusted HR, 1.003 [95% CI, 1.001-1.005]) but not CHD (adjusted HR, 1.002 [95% CI, 1.000-1.005]). Regular dental care utilization lowered (adjusted odds ratio, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.16-0.22]; P<0.001) the chance of caries. CONCLUSIONS Among the cohort, dental caries was independently associated with the risk of ischemic stroke and death, with the effect higher in African American participants. Regular dental care utilization was associated with a lower chance of caries, emphasizing its relevance in the prevention of these events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Sen
- Department of Neurology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC
| | - Lawson Logue
- Department of Neurology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC
| | - Makenzie Logue
- Department of Neurology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC
| | - Elizabeth Otersen
- Department of Neurology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC
| | - Emma Mason
- Department of Neurology, University of South Carolina, School of Medicine, Columbia, SC
| | - Kevin Moss
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health/Periodontology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - James Curtis
- Department of Dentistry, Prisma Health Medical Group, Columbia, SC
| | - David Hicklin
- Department of Dentistry, Prisma Health Medical Group, Columbia, SC
| | - Cynthia Nichols
- Department of Dentistry, Prisma Health Medical Group, Columbia, SC
| | - Wayne D Rosamond
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Rebecca F. Gottesman
- Stroke Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD
| | - James Beck
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health/Periodontology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Miri‐Moghaddam E, Mousavi FS, Salehiniya H, Vafaeie F, Abbaszadeh H. The association between MMP-13 rs478927 gene polymorphism and dental caries susceptibility in children with mixed dentition from Birjand, Iran: A case-control study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1708. [PMID: 38028692 PMCID: PMC10654377 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Gene polymorphisms are responsible for at least part of the variation in caries susceptibility despite similar environmental factors. Genes involved in enamel formation like matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) may participate in caries process. The aim was to investigate the association between MMP-13 rs478927 polymorphism and caries susceptibility in 6-years-old children from Birjand, Iran. Methods Six-years old children from Birjand, Iran, participated in this study. The total decayed, missing, and filled teeth were calculated and defined as caries index (CI). Based on this CI, two groups of high-caries (case) and low-caries (control) were taken into account. Saliva samples were collected and DNA was extracted. The allele and genotypes of MMP-13 rs478927 polymorphism were determined by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) method. p Value was significant if p < 0.05. Results Three hundred sixty-seven children consisted of 186 low-caries children and 181 high-caries children were included in this study. The mean CI was 6.02 ± 0.81. There was no significant association between high and low-caries groups based on socioeconomic status, eating sweet snacks, parents' susceptibility to dental caries, duration of breastfeeding, and the brushing habit (p > 0.05). There wasn't any significant association between genotype distribution of MMP-13 rs478927 polymorphism and CI groups (p = 0.924). This polymorphism was associated with increased caries susceptibility under all genetic models but this effect was not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion The MMP-13 rs478927 gene polymorphism was not significantly associated with dental caries susceptibility in Birjandi children with mixed dentition. It is recommended to conduct studies on children of different dentitions to better understand the role of this polymorphism on caries susceptibility in primary and permanent teeth of children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Miri‐Moghaddam
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Faculty of MedicineBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | | | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Farzaneh Vafaeie
- Department of Medical Genetics, Facultyof MedicineBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Hamid Abbaszadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of DentistryBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zou T, Neiswanger K, Feingold E, Foxman B, McNeil DW, Marazita ML, Shaffer JR. Potential risk factors and genetic variants associated with dental caries incidence in Appalachia using genome-wide survival analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS 2023; 14:19-33. [PMID: 37736056 PMCID: PMC10509536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify the potential risk factors and genetic variants associated with dental caries incidence using survival analysis. METHODS The Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia recruited and prospectively followed pregnant women and their children. A total of 909 children followed from birth for up to 7 years were included in this study. Annual intra-oral examinations were performed to assess dental caries experience including the approximate time to first caries incidence in the primary dentition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations of time to first caries incidence with self-reported risk factors and 4.9 million genetic variants ascertained using a genome-wide genotyping array. RESULTS A total of 196 of 909 children (21.56%) had their first primary tooth caries event during follow-up. Household income, home water source, and mother's educational attainment were significantly associated with time to first caries incidence in the stepwise Cox model. The heritability (i.e., proportion of variance explained by genetics) of time to first caries was 0.54. Though no specific genetic variants were associated at the genome-wide significance level (P < 5E-8), we identified 14 loci at the suggestive significance level (5E-8 < P < 1E-5), some of which were located within or near genes with plausible biological functions in dental caries. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that household income, home water source, and mother's educational attainment are independent risk factors for dental caries incidence. We nominate several suggestive loci for further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zou
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katherine Neiswanger
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Betsy Foxman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public HealthAnn Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel W McNeil
- Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, College of Dentistry, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Sciences, School of Medicine, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu L, Ma F, Liu Q, Yu X, Zeng X. Association Between the SLC2A2 Gene rs1499821 Polymorphism and Caries Susceptibility. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2023; 27:149-156. [PMID: 37257183 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2022.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study was designed to analyze the association between the SLC2A2 rs1499821 polymorphism and caries susceptibility in the Chinese Han, Zhuang, and Baikuyao populations. Materials and Methods: The present case-control study included 1067 12-year-old children: 481 with caries (142 Han, 166 Zhuang and 173 Baikuyao) and 586 who were caries-free (135 Han, 178 Zhuang and 273 Baikuyao). Questionnaires about diet and oral habits were obtained from all subjects. All of the children received dental examinations and DNA collection. The SLC2A2 rs1499821 SNP was genotyped using the SNPscan technique. Results: The rs1499821 T polymorphism was significantly associated with caries susceptibility in both the Han population and the combined populations of the three ethnic subgroups. SLC2A2 rs1499821 was associated with caries susceptibility in the dominant model in the Han (p = 0.045) population and the combined (p = 0.038) group. The CT+TT genotypes at rs1499821 were associated with a higher risk of caries in the Han (OR = 1.69, adjusted 95% CI: 1.01-2.81) and combined (OR = 1.33, adjusted 95% CI: 1.02-1.74) populations. In both Han (p = 0.009) and the combined populations (p = 0.004), there were statistically significant associations between the frequency of sweet food intake and dental caries. However, the rs1499821 polymorphisms did not associate with the frequency of sweet food intake in these ethnic subgroups. Conclusion: In the Han population, the SLC2A2 rs1499821 T allele and the frequency of sweet food intake may be regarded as risk factors for caries susceptibility. The SLC2A2 rs1499821 T allele had no association with the frequency of sweet food intake in any of the three ethnic groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning, China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning, China
| | - Xueting Yu
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zeng
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Oh JH, Jo S, Park KW, Lee EJ, Lee SH, Hwang YS, Jeon HR, Ryu Y, Yoon HJ, Chun SM, Kim CJ, Kim TW, Sung CO, Chae S, Chung SJ. Whole-genome sequencing reveals an association between small genomic deletions and an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:555-564. [PMID: 36869069 PMCID: PMC10073127 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been investigated mainly through genome-wide association studies. However, other genomic alterations, including copy number variations, remain less explored. In this study, we conducted whole-genome sequencing of primary (310 PD patients and 100 healthy individuals) and independent (100 PD patients and 100 healthy individuals) cohorts from the Korean population to identify high-resolution small genomic deletions, gains, and SNVs. Global small genomic deletions and gains were found to be associated with an increased and decreased risk of PD development, respectively. Thirty significant locus deletions were identified in PD, with most being associated with an increased PD risk in both cohorts. Small genomic deletions in clustered loci located in the GPR27 region had high enhancer signals and showed the closest association with PD. GPR27 was found to be expressed specifically in brain tissue, and GPR27 copy number loss was associated with upregulated SNCA expression and downregulated dopamine neurotransmitter pathways. Clustering of small genomic deletions on chr20 in exon 1 of the GNAS isoform was detected. In addition, we found several PD-associated SNVs, including one in the enhancer region of the TCF7L2 intron, which exhibited a cis-acting regulatory mode and an association with the beta-catenin signaling pathway. These findings provide a global, whole-genome view of PD and suggest that small genomic deletions in regulatory domains contribute to the risk of PD development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Oh
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyang Jo
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jae Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Lee
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Su Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Ra Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjin Ryu
- Korea Brain Bank, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Yoon
- Korea Brain Bank, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Chun
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Won Kim
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ohk Sung
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sehyun Chae
- Korea Brain Bank, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sun Ju Chung
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chisini LA, Varella de Carvalho R, Dos Santos Costa F, Salvi LC, Demarco FF, Britto Correa M. Genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms in the pathway of saliva and dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BIOFOULING 2023; 39:8-23. [PMID: 36644905 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2022.2162891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), related to genes in salivary composition and flow, on dental caries experience. Sixteen studies were included in the systematic review and ten in the meta-analysis. Forty-four SNPS, covering four genes (CA6, AQP2, AQP5, and MUC5B) were identified. Most of the SNPs were not associated with caries in meta-analysis. Homozygous TT genotype of the SNP CA6 rs17032907(C/T) was associated with caries [OR = 3.23(1.39-7.49)]. The pool effect of the SNPs assessed in AQP5 was associated with a reduction in the likelihood of caries [OR = 0.75(0.59-0.95)]. Considering all SNPs of salivary composition and flow, the effect allele was associated with a 75% increase in the likelihood of caries [OR = 1.75(1.06-2.89)] in the homozygous genotype. The present findings showed that the genes in salivary composition and flow can play an important role in dental caries experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Alexandre Chisini
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Varella de Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Carla Salvi
- Graduate Program in Biology, University of Vale do Taquari, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Orlova E, Dudding T, Chernus JM, Alotaibi RN, Haworth S, Crout RJ, Lee MK, Mukhopadhyay N, Feingold E, Levy SM, McNeil DW, Foxman B, Weyant RJ, Timpson NJ, Marazita ML, Shaffer JR. Association of Early Childhood Caries with Bitter Taste Receptors: A Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Transcriptome-Wide Association Study. Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:59. [PMID: 36672800 PMCID: PMC9858612 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although genetics affects early childhood caries (ECC) risk, few studies have focused on finding its specific genetic determinants. Here, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in five cohorts of children (aged up to 5 years, total N = 2974, cohorts: Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia cohorts one and two [COHRA1, COHRA2], Iowa Fluoride Study, Iowa Head Start, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children [ALSPAC]) aiming to identify genes with potential roles in ECC biology. We meta-analyzed the GWASs testing ~3.9 million genetic variants and found suggestive evidence for association at genetic regions previously associated with caries in primary and permanent dentition, including the β-defensin anti-microbial proteins. We then integrated the meta-analysis results with gene expression data in a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS). This approach identified four genes whose genetically predicted expression was associated with ECC (p-values < 3.09 × 10−6; CDH17, TAS2R43, SMIM10L1, TAS2R14). Some of the strongest associations were with genes encoding members of the bitter taste receptor family (TAS2R); other members of this family have previously been associated with caries. Of note, we identified the receptor encoded by TAS2R14, which stimulates innate immunity and anti-microbial defense in response to molecules released by the cariogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. These findings provide insight into ECC genetic architecture, underscore the importance of host-microbial interaction in caries risk, and identify novel risk genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Orlova
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Tom Dudding
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Jonathan M. Chernus
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Rasha N. Alotaibi
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simon Haworth
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Richard J. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Myoung Keun Lee
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nandita Mukhopadhyay
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Steven M. Levy
- Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Daniel W. McNeil
- Department of Psychology & Department of Dental Public Health and Professional Practice, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Betsy Foxman
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert J. Weyant
- Dental Public Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chatterjee S, Damle SG, Iyer N. A study on genetic and mutans streptococcal transmissibility of dental caries. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022; 26:604. [PMID: 37082046 PMCID: PMC10112085 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_201_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dental caries is characterized by an interplay between environmental and genetic factors. Aim The aim of this study was to analyse the transmissibilities of high caries risk chromosomal loci at 5q 12.1-13.3 and low caries risk chromosomal loci at 13q31.1 and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in family units. Materials This prospective cohort study was performed on 56 families grouped into four: (a) Group I: 18 families of children with caries affected primary teeth; (b) Group II: 21 families of children with caries in permanent teeth; (c) Group III: 6 families of children with no caries in primary teeth and (d) Group IV: 12 families of children with no caries in permanent teeth. Blood, saliva and plaque samples were collected from consenting study participants. Isolated DNAs were subjected to polymerase chain reactions using suitable primers. Data collected was analysed with ANOVA and Chi-squared test. Results Wide expression of chromosome loci 5q12.1-13.3 was obtained in both blood and saliva samples. For chromosome loci 13q31.1, no expression was found in saliva samples, hence indicating its local absence. For the GtfB expression, transmissibility was common for a single band expressing S. mutans. Conclusion This study reflects upon newer findings in the field of genetic research on dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shailja Chatterjee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Yamuna Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India
| | - Satyawan G. Damle
- Former Vice-chancellor, M. M. (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Nageshwar Iyer
- Former Principal, MM College of Dental Sciences and Research, M. M. (Deemed to be) University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Advances in high-throughput technologies and the generation of multiomics, such as genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic data, are paving the way for the biological risk stratification and prediction of oral diseases. When integrated with electronic health records, survey, census, and/or epidemiologic data, multiomics are anticipated to facilitate data-driven precision oral health, or the delivery of the right oral health intervention to the right individuals/populations at the right time. Meanwhile, multiomics may be modified by a multitude of social exposures, cumulatively along the life course and at various time points from conception onward, also referred to as the socio-exposome. For example, adverse exposures, such as precarious social and living conditions and related psychosocial stress among others, have been linked to specific genes being switched "on and off" through epigenetic mechanisms. These in turn are associated with various health conditions in different age groups and populations. This article argues that considering the impact of the socio-exposome in the biological profiling for precision oral health applications is necessary to ensure that definitions of biological risk do not override social ones. To facilitate the uptake of the socio-exposome in multiomics oral health studies and subsequent interventions, 3 pertinent facets are discussed. First, a summary of the epigenetic landscape of oral health is presented. Next, findings from the nondental literature are drawn on to elaborate the pathways and mechanisms that link the socio-exposome with gene expression-or the biological embedding of social experiences through epigenetics. Then, methodological considerations for implementing social epigenomics into oral health research are highlighted, with emphasis on the implications for study design and interpretation. The article concludes by shedding light on some of the current and prospective opportunities for social epigenomics research applied to the study of life course oral epidemiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Gomaa
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Moussa DG, Ahmad P, Mansour TA, Siqueira WL. Current State and Challenges of the Global Outcomes of Dental Caries Research in the Meta-Omics Era. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:887907. [PMID: 35782115 PMCID: PMC9247192 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.887907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant healthcare advances in the 21st century, the exact etiology of dental caries remains unsolved. The past two decades have witnessed a tremendous growth in our understanding of dental caries amid the advent of revolutionary omics technologies. Accordingly, a consensus has been reached that dental caries is a community-scale metabolic disorder, and its etiology is beyond a single causative organism. This conclusion was based on a variety of microbiome studies following the flow of information along the central dogma of biology from genomic data to the end products of metabolism. These studies were facilitated by the unprecedented growth of the next- generation sequencing tools and omics techniques, such as metagenomics and metatranscriptomics, to estimate the community composition of oral microbiome and its functional potential. Furthermore, the rapidly evolving proteomics and metabolomics platforms, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and/or mass spectrometry coupled with chromatography, have enabled precise quantification of the translational outcomes. Although the majority supports ‘conserved functional changes’ as indicators of dysbiosis, it remains unclear how caries dynamics impact the microbiota functions and vice versa, over the course of disease onset and progression. What compounds the situation is the host-microbiota crosstalk. Genome-wide association studies have been undertaken to elucidate the interaction of host genetic variation with the microbiome. However, these studies are challenged by the complex interaction of host genetics and environmental factors. All these complementary approaches need to be orchestrated to capture the key players in this multifactorial disease. Herein, we critically review the milestones in caries research focusing on the state-of-art singular and integrative omics studies, supplemented with a bibliographic network analysis to address the oral microbiome, the host factors, and their interactions. Additionally, we highlight gaps in the dental literature and shed light on critical future research questions and study designs that could unravel the complexities of dental caries, the most globally widespread disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina G. Moussa
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Paras Ahmad
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Tamer A. Mansour
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
- Department of Clinical Pathology, School of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walter L. Siqueira
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Walter L. Siqueira,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alotaibi RN, Howe BJ, Chernus JM, Mukhopadhyay N, Sanchez C, Deleyiannis FWB, Neiswanger K, Padilla C, Poletta FA, Orioli IM, Buxó CJ, Hecht JT, Wehby GL, Long RE, Vieira AR, Weinberg SM, Shaffer JR, Moreno Uribe LM, Marazita ML. Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) of dental caries in diverse populations. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:377. [PMID: 34311721 PMCID: PMC8311973 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01670-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases and is influenced by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Most previous genetic studies of caries have focused on identifying genes that contribute to dental caries in specific ethnic groups, usually of European descent. METHODS The aim of this study is to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify associations affecting susceptibility to caries in a large multiethnic population from Argentina, the Philippines, Guatemala, Hungary, and the USA, originally recruited for studies of orofacial clefts (POFC, N = 3686). Ages of the participants ranged from 2 to 12 years for analysis of the primary dentition, and 18-60 years for analysis of the permanent dentition. For each participant, dental caries was assessed by counts of decayed and filled teeth (dft/DFT) and genetic variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) were genotyped or imputed across the entire genome. Caries was analyzed separately for the primary and permanent dentitions, with age, gender, and presence/absence of any type of OFC treated as covariates. Efficient Mixed-Model Association eXpedited (EMMAX) was used to test genetic association, while simultaneously accounting for relatedness and stratification. RESULTS We identified several suggestive loci (5 × 10-8 < P < 5 × 10-6) within or near genes with plausible biological roles for dental caries, including a cluster of taste receptor genes (TAS2R38, TAS2R3, TAS2R4, TASR25) on chromosome 7 for the permanent dentition analysis, and DLX3 and DLX4 on chromosome 17 for the primary dentition analysis. Genome-wide significant results were seen with SNPs in the primary dentition only; however, none of the identified genes near these variants have known roles in cariogenesis. CONCLUSION The results of this study warrant further investigation and may lead to a better understanding of cariogenesis in diverse populations, and help to improve dental caries prediction, prevention, and/or treatment in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha N Alotaibi
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Brian J Howe
- Department of Family Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- The Iowa Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jonathan M Chernus
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nandita Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carla Sanchez
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Katherine Neiswanger
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carmencita Padilla
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Fernando A Poletta
- ECLAMC/INAGEMP At Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research (CEMIC-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ieda M Orioli
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carmen J Buxó
- Dental and Craniofacial Genomics Core, School of Dental Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Jacqueline T Hecht
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center At Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George L Wehby
- Department of Health Management and Policy, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Ross E Long
- Lancaster Cleft Palate Clinic, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Seth M Weinberg
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lina M Moreno Uribe
- Department of Family Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Olatosi OO, Li M, Alade AA, Oyapero A, Busch T, Pape J, Olotu J, Awotoye W, Hassan M, Adeleke C, Adeyemo WL, Sote EO, Shaffer JR, Marazita M, Butali A. Replication of GWAS significant loci in a sub-Saharan African Cohort with early childhood caries: a pilot study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:274. [PMID: 34016088 PMCID: PMC8139096 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries (ECC) is a rapidly progressing form of dental infection and a significant public health problem, especially among socially and economically disadvantaged populations. This study aimed to assess the risk factors for ECC among a cohort of Sub-Saharan African children and to determine the role of genetics in the etiology of ECC. METHODS A sample of 691 children (338 with ECC, 353 without ECC, age < 6 years) was recruited from schools in Lagos, Nigeria. Socio-demographic, dental services utilization and infant dietary data were obtained with interviewer-administered questionnaire. Oral examination was conducted using the WHO oral health diagnostic criteria. Saliva samples were collected from the children for genetic analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected from previous study for genotyping. Genetic association analyses to investigate the role of genetics in the etiology of ECC was done. Bivariate comparisons and Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between ECC and predictor variables, p < 0.05. RESULTS Of the 338 children with ECC, 64 (18.9%) had Severe-Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC). Children aged 48-59 months comprised the highest proportion of subjects with ECC (165; 48.8%) and S-ECC (24; 37.5%) while female subjects had higher dt (3.13 ± 2.56) and dmft values 3.27 ± 2.64. ECC was significantly more prevalent among children who were breastfed at night ≥ 12 months (OR 3.30; CI 0.39, 4.75), those with no previous dental visit (OR 1.71; CI 0.24, 2.77), those who used sweetened pacifiers (OR 1.85; CI 0.91, 3.79) and those who daily consumed sugar-sweetened drinks/snacks (OR 1.35; CI 0.09, 18.51). A suggestive increased risk for ECC (OR 1.26, p = 0. 0.0397) was observed for the genetic variant rs11239282 on chromosome 10. We also observed a suggestive reduced risk for ECC (OR 0.80, p = 0.03) for the rs131777 on chromosome 22. None of the genetic variants were significant after correction for multiple testing (Bonferroni p value p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged night-time breastfeeding, poor utilization of dental services and daily consumption of sugar were risk factors for ECC. Larger sample size is needed to confirm the results of the genetic analysis and to conduct genome wide studies in order to discover new risk loci for ECC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola O Olatosi
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Mary Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City , USA
| | - Azeez A Alade
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City , USA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Afolabi Oyapero
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Tamara Busch
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - John Pape
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Joy Olotu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Waheed Awotoye
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City , USA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mohaned Hassan
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chinyere Adeleke
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Wasiu L Adeyemo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth O Sote
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City , USA
- Iowa Institute of Oral Health Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Stangvaltaite-Mouhat L, Pūrienė A, Aleksejūnienė J, Stankeviciene I, Tommeras B, Al-Haroni M. Amylase Alpha 1 Gene (AMY1) Copy Number Variation and Dental Caries Experience: A Pilot Study among Adults in Lithuania. Caries Res 2021; 55:174-182. [PMID: 33735865 DOI: 10.1159/000514667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Genetic biomarkers have the potential to be used in personalised dentistry for improved prevention and decision-making in caries management. The amylase alpha 1 gene (AMY1) encodes salivary α-amylase and may be one such biomarker. We examined the association between AMY1 copy number variation (CNV) and dental caries experience in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A stratified random sample of 193 participants from the Lithuanian National Oral Health Survey (LNOHS) agreed to provide saliva samples and were included in this analysis (age 35-44 years; participation rate 43%). Information on socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics was taken from the LNHOS, which used the self-administered World Health Organisation (WHO) questionnaire. Data on fluoride levels in drinking water at the recruitment areas was recorded based on information provided by water suppliers. Dental caries experience was recorded at a surface level (smooth-surface and occlusal-surface decayed, missing, filled surfaces [D3MFS] score) by one trained and calibrated examiner using WHO criteria, and subsequently dichotomised for the statistical analyses. DNA extracted from saliva samples was used to investigate AMY1 CNV using the QX200 droplet digital PCR system. Bivariate and multivariable statistical analyses were employed. RESULTS When compared to participants with an AMY1 copy number (CN) of 2-3, higher odds of smooth-surface D3MFS >14 was observed for participants with a CN of 4-5 (OR 13.3, 95% CI 2.1-86.3), 6-9 (OR 7.0, 95% CI 1.4-34.1), and 10-16 (OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.2-32.2). Female sex was independently associated with a smooth-surface D3MFS >14 (OR 5.7, 95% CI 1.9-17.2). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated an association between AMY1 CNV and high smooth-surface caries experience. Studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate this association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Stangvaltaite-Mouhat
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway, .,Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, Oslo, Norway,
| | - Alina Pūrienė
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jolanta Aleksejūnienė
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Indre Stankeviciene
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Berit Tommeras
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Mohammed Al-Haroni
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Centre for New Antibacterial Strategies, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wu L, Li Z, Zhou J, Ma B, Yu F, Zheng X, Hu X, Ma Z, Su X. An association analysis for genetic factors for dental caries susceptibility in a cohort of Chinese children. Oral Dis 2020; 28:480-494. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Wu
- Department of Dentistry Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Dentistry Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou China
| | - Jianye Zhou
- Department of Dentistry Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou China
| | - Bin Ma
- Department of Dentistry Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Dentistry Lanzhou University Lanzhou, Gansu Province China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Dentistry Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou China
| | - Xiaopan Hu
- Department of Dentistry Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou China
| | - Zhongming Ma
- Department of Dentistry Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou China
| | - Xuelian Su
- Department of Dentistry Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology of State Ethnic Affairs Commission Northwest Minzu University Lanzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Genes in the pathway of tooth mineral tissues and dental caries risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3723-3738. [PMID: 32945961 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review of the literature, investigating the influence of tooth mineral tissues genes on dental caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five databases were searched. Only human studies with cross-sectional, longitudinal, and case-control design were included. Meta-analysis was performed for each polymorphism, providing allele and genotype estimates. A meta-analysis was performed, pooling several polymorphisms for each gene. A Funnel Plot and Egger's test were also performed. RESULTS A total of 1124 records were found. Of these, 25 papers were included in the systematic review and 18 in the meta-analysis. Most of the studies (52%) were of medium quality. With regard to the allele analysis, the T allele of rs134136 (TFIP11) (OR 1.51; 95%CI 1.02-2.22) showed an association with high experience of caries and the summarization of polymorphisms investigated in the TFIP11 gene, after exclusion of SNP linkage disequilibrium, showed an association with caries experience (OR 1.64; 95%CI 1.08-2.50). An analysis of the homozygous genotype did not show any significant association. The pooled SNPs of AMBN showed associations with caries (OR 0.45; 95%CI 0.29-0.72). The pooled polymorphisms of AMELX were associated with caries experience (OR 1.78; 95%CI 1.23-2.56). In the analysis of the homozygous genotype, no SNP showed a significant association. Egger's test showed no significant publication bias for all models (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION The present findings showed that the genes TFIP11, AMBN, and AMELX play an important role in dental caries. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Several single nucleotide polymorphisms related to the genes in the formation of tooth mineral are linked to the occurrence of dental caries, and these genes have proved to be important for an explanation of differences in the risk of dental caries.
Collapse
|
18
|
YILDIZ TELATAR G, SAYDAM F. Lack of Association between Enamel Gene Variants and Dental Caries in Adults. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.690129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
19
|
Wang Y, Bandyopadhyay D, Shaffer JR, Wu X. Gene-Based Association Mapping for Dental Caries in The GENEVA Consortium. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY AND DENTAL MEDICINE 2020; 3:156. [PMID: 34622142 PMCID: PMC8494074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with high prevalence in both children and adults. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have revealed that genetic factors play an important role in caries incidence. However, existing methods are not sufficient to identify caries-associated genes, due to the complex correlation structure of caries GWAS data, and lack of appropriate summarization at the gene level. This paper attempts to address that by analyzing data from the Gene, Environment Association Studies (GENEVA) consortium. METHODS We investigated gene-based genetic associations for dental caries based on genome-wide data derived from the GENEVA database, with adjustment to covariates, linkage disequilibrium among single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and family relations, in sampled individuals. RESULTS Several suggestive genes were identified, in which some of them have been previously found to have potential biological functions on cariogenesis. CONCLUSIONS By comparing the gene sets identified from gene-based and SNP-based association testing methods, we found a non-negligible overlap, which indicates that our gene-based analysis can provide substantial supplement to the traditional GWAS analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyao Wang
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | | | - John R. Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Statistics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University, Blacksburg, VA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
In this review we critically summarize the evidence base and the progress to date regarding the genomic basis of periodontal disease and tooth morbidity (ie, dental caries and tooth loss), and discuss future applications and research directions in the context of precision oral health and care. Evidence for these oral/dental traits from genome-wide association studies first emerged less than a decade ago. Basic and translational research activities in this domain are now under way by multiple groups around the world. Key departure points in the oral health genomics discourse are: (a) some heritable variation exists for periodontal and dental diseases; (b) the environmental component (eg, social determinants of health and behavioral risk factors) has a major influence on the population distribution but probably interacts with factors of innate susceptibility at the person-level; (c) sizeable, multi-ethnic, well-characterized samples or cohorts with high-quality measures on oral health outcomes and genomics information are required to make decisive discoveries; (d) challenges remain in the measurement of oral health and disease, with current periodontitis and dental caries traits capturing only a part of the health-disease continuum, and are little or not informed by the underlying biology; (e) the substantial individual heterogeneity that exists in the clinical presentation and lifetime trajectory of oral disease can be identified and leveraged in a precision medicine framework or, if unappreciated, can hamper translational efforts. In this review we discuss how composite or biologically informed traits may offer improvements over clinically defined ones for the genomic interrogation of oral diseases. We demonstrate the utility of the results of genome-wide association studies for the development and testing of a genetic risk score for severe periodontitis. We conclude that exciting opportunities lie ahead for improvements in the oral health of individual patients and populations via advances in our understanding of the genomic basis of oral health and disease. The pace of new discoveries and their equitable translation to practice will largely depend on investments in the education and training of the oral health care workforce, basic and population research, and sustained collaborative efforts..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Morelli
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina, USA
| | - Cary S. Agler
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina, USA
| | - Kimon Divaris
- Department of Pediatric DentistrySchool of DentistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina, USA
- Department of EpidemiologyGillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Biologically Defined or Biologically Informed Traits Are More Heritable Than Clinically Defined Ones: The Case of Oral and Dental Phenotypes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1197:179-189. [PMID: 31732942 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-28524-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The genetic basis of oral health has long been theorized, but little information exists on the heritable variance in common oral and dental disease traits explained by the human genome. We sought to add to the evidence base of heritability of oral and dental traits using high-density genotype data in a well-characterized community-based cohort of middle-age adults. We used genome-wide association (GWAS) data combined with clinical and biomarker information in the Dental Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) cohort. Genotypes comprised SNPs directly typed on the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0 chip with minor allele frequency of >5% (n = 656,292) or were imputed using HapMap II-CEU (n = 2,104,905). We investigated 30 traits including "global" [e.g., number of natural teeth (NT) and incident tooth loss], clinically defined (e.g., dental caries via the DMFS index, periodontitis via the CDC/AAP and WW17 classifications), and biologically informed (e.g., subgingival pathogen colonization and "complex" traits). Heritability (i.e., variance explained; h2) was calculated using Visscher's Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA), using a random-effects mixed linear model and restricted maximum likelihood (REML) regression adjusting for ancestry (10 principal components), age, and sex. Heritability estimates were modest for clinical traits-NT = 0.11 (se = 0.07), severe chronic periodontitis (CDC/AAP) = 0.22 (se = 0.19), WW17 Stage 4 vs. 1/2 = 0.15 (se = 0.11). "High gingival index" and "high red complex colonization" had h2 > 0.50, while a periodontal complex trait defined by high IL-1β GCF expression and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans subgingival colonization had the highest h2 = 0.72 (se = 0.32). Our results indicate that all GWAS SNPs explain modest levels of the observed variance in clinical oral and dental measures. Subgingival bacterial colonization and complex phenotypes encompassing both bacterial colonization and local inflammatory response had the highest heritability, suggesting that these biologically informed traits capture aspects of the disease process and are promising targets for genomics investigations, according to the notion of precision oral health.
Collapse
|
22
|
Orlova E, Carlson JC, Lee MK, Feingold E, McNeil DW, Crout RJ, Weyant RJ, Marazita ML, Shaffer JR. Pilot GWAS of caries in African-Americans shows genetic heterogeneity. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:215. [PMID: 31533690 PMCID: PMC6751797 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0904-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is the most common chronic disease in the US and disproportionately affects racial/ethnic minorities. Caries is heritable, and though genetic heterogeneity exists between ancestries for a substantial portion of loci associated with complex disease, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of caries specifically in African Americans has not been performed previously. METHODS We performed exploratory GWAS of dental caries in 109 African American adults (age > 18) and 96 children (age 3-12) from the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia (COHRA1 cohort). Caries phenotypes (DMFS, DMFT, dft, and dfs indices) assessed by dental exams were tested for association with 5 million genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), separately in the two age groups. The GWAS was performed using linear regression with adjustment for age, sex, and two principal components of ancestry. A maximum of 1 million adaptive permutations were run to determine empirical significance. RESULTS No loci met the threshold for genome-wide significance, though some of the strongest signals were near genes previously implicated in caries such as antimicrobial peptide DEFB1 (rs2515501; p = 4.54 × 10- 6) and TUFT1 (rs11805632; p = 5.15 × 10- 6). Effect estimates of lead SNPs at suggestive loci were compared between African Americans and Caucasians (adults N = 918; children N = 983). Significant (p < 5 × 10- 8) genetic heterogeneity for caries risk was found between racial groups for 50% of the suggestive loci in children, and 12-18% of the suggestive loci in adults. CONCLUSIONS The genetic heterogeneity results suggest that there may be differences in the contributions of genetic variants to caries across racial groups, and highlight the critical need for the inclusion of minorities in subsequent and larger genetic studies of caries in order to meet the goals of precision medicine and to reduce oral health disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Orlova
- Department of Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - J C Carlson
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - M K Lee
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Dept. of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - E Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Dept. of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - D W McNeil
- Departments of Psychology, & Dental Practice and Rural Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - R J Crout
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - R J Weyant
- Department of Dental Public Health and Information Management, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - M L Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Dept. of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Pittsburgh, USA.
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Dept. of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Understanding the "code of life" and mapping the human genome have been monumental and era-defining scientific landmarks-analogous to setting foot on the moon. The last century has been characterized by exponential advances in our understanding of the biological and specifically molecular basis of health and disease. The early part of the 20th century was marked by fundamental theoretical and scientific advances in understanding heredity, the identification of the DNA molecule and genes, and the elucidation of the central dogma of biology. The second half was characterized by experimental and increasingly molecular investigations, including clinical and population applications. The completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003 and the continuous technological advances have democratized access to this information and the ability to generate health and disease association data; however, the realization of genomic and precision medicine, to practically improve people's health, has lagged. The oral health domain has made great strides and substantially benefited from the last century of advances in genetics and genomics. Observations regarding a hereditary component of dental caries were reported as early as the 1920s. Subsequent breakthroughs were made in the discovery of genetic causes of rare diseases, such as ectodermal dysplasias, orofacial clefts, and other craniofacial and dental anomalies. More recently, genome-wide investigations have been conducted and reported for several diseases and traits, including periodontal disease, dental caries, tooth agenesis, cancers of the head and neck, orofacial pain, temporomandibular disorders, and craniofacial morphometrics. Gene therapies and gene editing with CRISPR/Cas represent the latest frontier surpassed in the era of genomic medicine. Amid rapid genomics progress, several challenges and opportunities lie ahead. Importantly, systematic efforts supported by implementation science are needed to realize the full potential of genomics, including the improvement of public and practitioner genomics literacy, the promotion of individual and population oral health, and the reduction of disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. Divaris
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Health, University of North Carolina–Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shungin D, Haworth S, Divaris K, Agler CS, Kamatani Y, Keun Lee M, Grinde K, Hindy G, Alaraudanjoki V, Pesonen P, Teumer A, Holtfreter B, Sakaue S, Hirata J, Yu YH, Ridker PM, Giulianini F, Chasman DI, Magnusson PKE, Sudo T, Okada Y, Völker U, Kocher T, Anttonen V, Laitala ML, Orho-Melander M, Sofer T, Shaffer JR, Vieira A, Marazita ML, Kubo M, Furuichi Y, North KE, Offenbacher S, Ingelsson E, Franks PW, Timpson NJ, Johansson I. Genome-wide analysis of dental caries and periodontitis combining clinical and self-reported data. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2773. [PMID: 31235808 PMCID: PMC6591304 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries and periodontitis account for a vast burden of morbidity and healthcare spending, yet their genetic basis remains largely uncharacterized. Here, we identify self-reported dental disease proxies which have similar underlying genetic contributions to clinical disease measures and then combine these in a genome-wide association study meta-analysis, identifying 47 novel and conditionally-independent risk loci for dental caries. We show that the heritability of dental caries is enriched for conserved genomic regions and partially overlapping with a range of complex traits including smoking, education, personality traits and metabolic measures. Using cardio-metabolic traits as an example in Mendelian randomization analysis, we estimate causal relationships and provide evidence suggesting that the processes contributing to dental caries may have undesirable downstream effects on health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Shungin
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 85, Sweden.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Simon Haworth
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK. .,Bristol Dental School, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK.
| | - Kimon Divaris
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Cary S Agler
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Myoung Keun Lee
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Kelsey Grinde
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Viivi Alaraudanjoki
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland
| | - Paula Pesonen
- Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Saori Sakaue
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Jun Hirata
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yau-Hua Yu
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Instituet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Takeaki Sudo
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Uwe Völker
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, 17475, Germany
| | - Vuokko Anttonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland.,MRC, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Laitala
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland
| | | | - Tamar Sofer
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Sleep Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02130, USA
| | - John R Shaffer
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Alexandre Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yasushi Furuichi
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA
| | - Steve Offenbacher
- Department of Periodontology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, SE-214 28, Sweden.,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 87, Sweden.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Reynolds K, Kumari P, Sepulveda Rincon L, Gu R, Ji Y, Kumar S, Zhou CJ. Wnt signaling in orofacial clefts: crosstalk, pathogenesis and models. Dis Model Mech 2019; 12:12/2/dmm037051. [PMID: 30760477 PMCID: PMC6398499 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.037051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diverse signaling cues and attendant proteins work together during organogenesis, including craniofacial development. Lip and palate formation starts as early as the fourth week of gestation in humans or embryonic day 9.5 in mice. Disruptions in these early events may cause serious consequences, such as orofacial clefts, mainly cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Morphogenetic Wnt signaling, along with other signaling pathways and transcription regulation mechanisms, plays crucial roles during embryonic development, yet the signaling mechanisms and interactions in lip and palate formation and fusion remain poorly understood. Various Wnt signaling and related genes have been associated with orofacial clefts. This Review discusses the role of Wnt signaling and its crosstalk with cell adhesion molecules, transcription factors, epigenetic regulators and other morphogenetic signaling pathways, including the Bmp, Fgf, Tgfβ, Shh and retinoic acid pathways, in orofacial clefts in humans and animal models, which may provide a better understanding of these disorders and could be applied towards prevention and treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Lessly Sepulveda Rincon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Ran Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yu Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Chengji J Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA .,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine of Shriners Hospitals for Children, University of California at Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.,Biochemistry, Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (BMCDB) Graduate Group, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xiao J, Alkhers N, Kopycka-Kedzierawski DT, Billings RJ, Wu TT, Castillo DA, Rasubala L, Malmstrom H, Ren Y, Eliav E. Prenatal Oral Health Care and Early Childhood Caries Prevention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Caries Res 2019; 53:411-421. [PMID: 30630167 PMCID: PMC6554051 DOI: 10.1159/000495187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancement of early childhood caries (ECC) prediction and treatment, ECC remains a significant public health burden in need of more effective preventive strategies. Pregnancy is an ideal period to promote ECC prevention given the profound influence of maternal oral health and behaviors on children's oral health. However, studies have shown debatable results with respect to the effectiveness of ECC prevention by means of prenatal intervention. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed the scientific evidence relating to the association between prenatal oral health care, ECC incidence, and Streptococcus mutans carriage in children. Five studies (3 randomized control trials, 1 prospective cohort study, and 1 nested case-control study) were included for qualitative assessment. Tested prenatal oral health care included providing fluoride supplements, oral examinations/cleanings, oral health education, dental treatment referrals, and xylitol gum chewing. Four studies that assessed ECC incidence reduction were included in meta-analysis using an unconditional generalized linear mixed effects model with random study effects and age as a covariate. The estimated odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals suggested a protective effect of prenatal oral health care against ECC onset before 4 years of age: 0.12 (0.02, 0.77) at 1 year of age, 0.18 (0.05, 0.63) at 2 years of age, 0.25 (0.09, 0.64) at 3 years of age, and 0.35 (0.12, 1.00) at 4 years of age. Children's S. mutans carriage was also significantly reduced in the intervention group. Future studies should consider testing strategies that restore an expectant mother's oral health to a disease-free state during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA,
| | - Naemah Alkhers
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Ronald J Billings
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Tong Tong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Daniel A Castillo
- Miner Library, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Linda Rasubala
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Hans Malmstrom
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Yanfang Ren
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Eli Eliav
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Agler CS, Shungin D, Ferreira Zandoná AG, Schmadeke P, Basta PV, Luo J, Cantrell J, Pahel TD, Meyer BD, Shaffer JR, Schaefer AS, North KE, Divaris K. Protocols, Methods, and Tools for Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) of Dental Traits. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1922:493-509. [PMID: 30838596 PMCID: PMC6613560 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9012-2_38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oral health and disease are known to be influenced by complex interactions between environmental (e.g., social and behavioral) factors and innate susceptibility. Although the exact contribution of genomics and other layers of "omics" to oral health is an area of active research, it is well established that the susceptibility to dental caries, periodontal disease, and other oral and craniofacial traits is substantially influenced by the human genome. A comprehensive understanding of these genomic factors is necessary for the realization of precision medicine in the oral health domain. To aid in this direction, the advent and increasing affordability of high-throughput genotyping has enabled the simultaneous interrogation of millions of genetic polymorphisms for association with oral and craniofacial traits. Specifically, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of dental caries and periodontal disease have provided initial insights into novel loci and biological processes plausibly implicated in these two common, complex, biofilm-mediated diseases. This paper presents a summary of protocols, methods, tools, and pipelines for the conduct of GWAS of dental caries, periodontal disease, and related traits. The protocol begins with the consideration of different traits for both diseases and outlines procedures for genotyping, quality control, adjustment for population stratification, heritability and association analyses, annotation, reporting, and interpretation. Methods and tools available for GWAS are being constantly updated and improved; with this in mind, the presented approaches have been successfully applied in numerous GWAS and meta-analyses among tens of thousands of individuals, including dental traits such as dental caries and periodontal disease. As such, they can serve as a guide or template for future genomic investigations of these and other traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cary S Agler
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, UNC School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrea G Ferreira Zandoná
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paige Schmadeke
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biospecimen Core Processing Facility, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patricia V Basta
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biospecimen Core Processing Facility, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason Luo
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Mammalian Genotyping Core, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John Cantrell
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, UNC School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas D Pahel
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, UNC School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Beau D Meyer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UNC School of Dentistry, CB#7450, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John R Shaffer
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Arne S Schaefer
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dental, Oral and Maxillary Medicine, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kari E North
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kimon Divaris
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UNC School of Dentistry, CB#7450, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the number of articles in the area of personalized medicine specific to dentistry. Materials and Methods: Electronic search using three databases was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Scopus search. Results: Results suggest that there is a definite need for more awareness and research pertaining to this specific area. Conclusion: With this background, the authors have written a comprehensive review on applications of personalized medicine in various branches of dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manchala Sesha Reddy
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Shishir Ram Shetty
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Venkataramana Vannala
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bezamat M, Deeley K, Khaliq S, Letra A, Scariot R, Silva RM, Weber ML, Bussaneli DG, Trevilatto PC, Almarza AJ, Ouyang H, Vieira AR. Are mTOR and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathway Genes Associated with Oral and Bone Diseases? Caries Res 2018; 53:235-241. [PMID: 30205378 DOI: 10.1159/000492675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this cohort study was to identify associations between combined oral and bone disease phenotypes and genes present in cell regulatory pathways. The studied pathways play important roles in cellular growth, proliferation, differentiation, and homeostasis. DNA samples extracted from whole saliva of 3,912 individuals were genotyped and these data analyzed according to dental caries experience, periapical lesions, periodontitis, osteoporosis, or temporomandibular joint discomfort. Samples were obtained from the Dental Registry and DNA Repository project at the University of Pittsburgh. Twenty-seven polymorphisms in eight genes related to mTOR or endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways were selected for genotyping. Allele frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were calculated. Analyses were performed comparing genotypes between affected and unaffected individuals for each phenotype, as well as for the associated phenotypes combined. For all analyses, we used the software PLINK with an alpha of 0.002. Borderline associations with multiple variants of several genes were found, suggesting that both pathways may be involved in the susceptibility to multiple conditions affecting the oral cavity and bones. When combining patients that had concomitant dental caries, periodontitis, and periapical pathology, several markers in RHEB showed statistically significant association. Multiple conditions affecting bone and teeth (i.e., dental caries, periodontitis, periapical lesion formation, and osteoporosis) appear to share similar underlying genetic etiological factors, which allow us to hypothesize that instead of individually, they should be studied in conjunction in human populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bezamat
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shahryar Khaliq
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rafaela Scariot
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Graduate Program of Health Sciences, PUC-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Department of Oral Surgery, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Renato M Silva
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Megan L Weber
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diego G Bussaneli
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Alejandro J Almarza
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hongjiao Ouyang
- Department of Endodontics, Texas A&M College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, .,Graduate Program of Health Sciences, PUC-Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nibali L, Di Iorio A, Tu YK, Vieira AR. Host genetics role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and caries. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 44 Suppl 18:S52-S78. [PMID: 27754553 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to produce the latest summary of the evidence for association of host genetic variants contributing to both periodontal diseases and caries. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two systematic searches of the literature were conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, LILACS and Cochrane Library for large candidate gene studies (CGS), systematic reviews and genome-wide association studies reporting data on host genetic variants and presence of periodontal disease and caries. RESULTS A total of 124 studies were included in the review (59 for the periodontitis outcome and 65 for the caries outcome), from an initial search of 15,487 titles. Gene variants associated with periodontitis were categorized based on strength of evidence and then compared with gene variants associated with caries. Several gene variants showed moderate to strong evidence of association with periodontitis, although none of them had also been associated with the caries trait. CONCLUSIONS Despite some potential aetiopathogenic similarities between periodontitis and caries, no genetic variants to date have clearly been associated with both diseases. Further studies or comparisons across studies with large sample size and clear phenotype definition could shed light into possible shared genetic risk factors for caries and periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Nibali
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London (QMUL), London, UK
| | - Anna Di Iorio
- Library Services, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Yu-Kang Tu
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Haworth S, Shungin D, van der Tas JT, Vucic S, Medina-Gomez C, Yakimov V, Feenstra B, Shaffer JR, Lee MK, Standl M, Thiering E, Wang C, Bønnelykke K, Waage J, Jessen LE, Nørrisgaard PE, Joro R, Seppälä I, Raitakari O, Dudding T, Grgic O, Ongkosuwito E, Vierola A, Eloranta AM, West NX, Thomas SJ, McNeil DW, Levy SM, Slayton R, Nohr EA, Lehtimäki T, Lakka T, Bisgaard H, Pennell C, Kühnisch J, Marazita ML, Melbye M, Geller F, Rivadeneira F, Wolvius EB, Franks PW, Johansson I, Timpson NJ. Consortium-based genome-wide meta-analysis for childhood dental caries traits. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:3113-3127. [PMID: 29931343 PMCID: PMC6097157 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies suggest dental caries traits in children and adolescents are partially heritable, but there has been no large-scale consortium genome-wide association study (GWAS) to date. We therefore performed GWAS for caries in participants aged 2.5-18.0 years from nine contributing centres. Phenotype definitions were created for the presence or absence of treated or untreated caries, stratified by primary and permanent dentition. All studies tested for association between caries and genotype dosage and the results were combined using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Analysis included up to 19 003 individuals (7530 affected) for primary teeth and 13 353 individuals (5875 affected) for permanent teeth. Evidence for association with caries status was observed at rs1594318-C for primary teeth [intronic within ALLC, odds ratio (OR) 0.85, effect allele frequency (EAF) 0.60, P 4.13e-8] and rs7738851-A (intronic within NEDD9, OR 1.28, EAF 0.85, P 1.63e-8) for permanent teeth. Consortium-wide estimated heritability of caries was low [h2 of 1% (95% CI: 0%: 7%) and 6% (95% CI 0%: 13%) for primary and permanent dentitions, respectively] compared with corresponding within-study estimates [h2 of 28% (95% CI: 9%: 48%) and 17% (95% CI: 2%: 31%)] or previously published estimates. This study was designed to identify common genetic variants with modest effects which are consistent across different populations. We found few single variants associated with caries status under these assumptions. Phenotypic heterogeneity between cohorts and limited statistical power will have contributed; these findings could also reflect complexity not captured by our study design, such as genetic effects which are conditional on environmental exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Haworth
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Dmitry Shungin
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
- Broad Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Justin T van der Tas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics
| | - Strahinja Vucic
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- The Generation R Study Group
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Victor Yakimov
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen DK-2300, Denmark
| | - Bjarke Feenstra
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen DK-2300, Denmark
| | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Myoung Keun Lee
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Marie Standl
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Thiering
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg D-85764, Germany
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Center, Munich 80337, Germany
| | - Carol Wang
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6009, Australia
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofe Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2730, Denmark
| | - Johannes Waage
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofe Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2730, Denmark
| | - Leon Eyrich Jessen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofe Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2730, Denmark
| | - Pia Elisabeth Nørrisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofe Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2730, Denmark
| | - Raimo Joro
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Campus, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ilkka Seppälä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere - Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Olli Raitakari
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20520, Finland
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Tom Dudding
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Olja Grgic
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics
- The Generation R Study Group
| | | | - Anu Vierola
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Campus, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aino-Maija Eloranta
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Campus, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicola X West
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Steven J Thomas
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK
| | - Daniel W McNeil
- Department of Psychology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WA 26506-6286, USA
| | - Steven M Levy
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Cedar Rapids, IA 52242-1010, USA
| | - Rebecca Slayton
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry (Retired), School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ellen A Nohr
- Research Unit for Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center Tampere - Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere 33520, Finland
| | - Timo Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Campus, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland
- Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio 70100, Finland
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofe Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2730, Denmark
| | - Craig Pennell
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jan Kühnisch
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich 80336, Germany
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mads Melbye
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen DK-2300, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Frank Geller
- Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen DK-2300, Denmark
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- The Generation R Study Group
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam 3015 CN, The Netherlands
| | - Eppo B Wolvius
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics
| | - Paul W Franks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö 202 13, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå 901 85, Sweden
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Nicholas J Timpson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 2BN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Govil M, Mukhopadhyay N, Weeks DE, Feingold E, Shaffer JR, Levy SM, Vieira AR, Slayton RL, McNeil DW, Weyant RJ, Crout RJ, Marazita ML. Novel caries loci in children and adults implicated by genome-wide analysis of families. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:98. [PMID: 29859070 PMCID: PMC5984765 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is a common chronic disease among children and adults alike, posing a substantial health burden. Caries is affected by multiple genetic and environmental factors, and prior studies have found that a substantial proportion of caries susceptibility is genetically inherited. METHODS To identify such genetic factors, we conducted a genome-wide linkage scan in 464 extended families with 2616 individuals from Iowa, Pennsylvania and West Virginia for three dental caries phenotypes: (1) PRIM: dichotomized as zero versus one or more affected primary teeth, (2) QTOT1: age-adjusted quantitative caries measure for both primary and permanent dentitions including pre-cavitated lesions, and (3) QTOT2: age-adjusted quantitative caries excluding pre-cavitated lesions. Genotyping was conducted for approximately 600,000 SNPs on an Illumina platform, pruned to 127,511 uncorrelated SNPs for the analyses reported here. RESULTS Multipoint non-parametric linkage analyses generated peak LOD scores exceeding 2.0 for eight genomic regions, but no LOD scores above 3.0 were observed. The maximum LOD score for each of the three traits was 2.90 at 1q25.3 for PRIM, 2.38 at 6q25.3 for QTOT1, and 2.76 at 5q23.3 for QTOT2. Some overlap in linkage regions was observed among the phenotypes. Genes with a potential role in dental caries in the eight chromosomal regions include CACNA1E, LAMC2, ALMS1, STAMBP, GXYLT2, SLC12A2, MEGF10, TMEM181, ARID1B, and, as well as genes in several immune gene families. Our results are also concordant with previous findings from association analyses on chromosomes 11 and 19. CONCLUSIONS These multipoint linkage results provide evidence in favor of novel chromosomal regions, while also supporting earlier association findings for these data. Understanding the genetic etiology of dental caries will allow designing personalized treatment plans based on an individual's genetic risk of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manika Govil
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Nandita Mukhopadhyay
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Daniel E. Weeks
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Steven M. Levy
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Rebecca L. Slayton
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Daniel W. McNeil
- Dental Practice and Rural Health, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV USA
- Department of Psychology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV USA
| | - Robert J. Weyant
- Department of Dental Public Health and Information Management, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Richard J. Crout
- Department of Periodontics, West Virginia University School of Dentistry, Morgantown, WV USA
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Suite 500 Bridgeside Point, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Weber M, Bogstad Søvik J, Mulic A, Deeley K, Tveit AB, Forella J, Shirey N, Vieira AR. Redefining the Phenotype of Dental Caries. Caries Res 2018; 52:263-271. [PMID: 29393149 DOI: 10.1159/000481414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease and a major public health problem estimated to affect 60-90% of school children as well as a vast number of adults. The aim of this work was to define patterns of progression of the disease based on longitudinal data in contrast to using a cross-sectional assessment. dmft/DMFT scores were collected at ages 5, 12, 14, 16, 17, and 18 from 876 individuals. We tested our newly defined phenotypes for association with genetic variants in genes shown to be associated with caries. We generated genotyping data using Taqman chemistry in markers of genes involved in processes such as enamel formation and salivary contributions. Kallikrein 4 (KLK4) was found to show a significant association with the created phenotypes (p = 0.0008 in a recessive model for low caries experience in the primary dentition vs. high caries experience in the primary dentition, and p = 0.0004 in a recessive model for caries free primary dentition vs. high caries experience in the primary dentition).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Weber
- University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Duverger O, Carlson JC, Karacz CM, Schwartz ME, Cross MA, Marazita ML, Shaffer JR, Morasso MI. Genetic variants in pachyonychia congenita-associated keratins increase susceptibility to tooth decay. PLoS Genet 2018; 14:e1007168. [PMID: 29357356 PMCID: PMC5794186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pachyonychia congenita (PC) is a cutaneous disorder primarily characterized by nail dystrophy and painful palmoplantar keratoderma. PC is caused by mutations in KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT6C, KRT16, and KRT17, a set of keratin genes expressed in the nail bed, palmoplantar epidermis, oral mucosal epithelium, hair follicle and sweat gland. RNA-seq analysis revealed that all PC-associated keratins (except for Krt6c that does exist in the mouse genome) are expressed in the mouse enamel organ. We further demonstrated that these keratins are produced by ameloblasts and are incorporated into mature human enamel. Using genetic and intraoral examination data from 573 adults and 449 children, we identified several missense polymorphisms in KRT6A, KRT6B and KRT6C that lead to a higher risk for dental caries. Structural analysis of teeth from a PC patient carrying a p.Asn171Lys substitution in keratin-6a (K6a) revealed disruption of enamel rod sheaths resulting in altered rod shape and distribution. Finally, this PC-associated substitution as well as more frequent caries-associated SNPs, found in two of the KRT6 genes, that result in p.Ser143Asn substitution (rs28538343 in KRT6B and rs151117600 in KRT6C), alter the assembly of K6 filaments in ameloblast-like cells. These results identify a new set of keratins involved in tooth enamel formation, distinguish novel susceptibility loci for tooth decay and reveal additional clinical features of pachyonychia congenita. Tooth decay, more commonly known as dental cavities, is the most common chronic disease worldwide, both in children and in adults. It consists in the destruction of tooth enamel, the outer layer of the teeth, by acid-producing bacteria. Enamel is the hardest tissue in the body, comprised of 96% minerals. However, it contains a small fraction of proteins that is important for its resistance to mechanical stress and decay. Here we show that this protein fraction contains a set of structural proteins (K6a, K6b, K6c, K16 and K17) that belong to the keratin family and are present specifically in the skin of the palms and soles, as well as in nails. We further show that common genetic mutations that affect the composition of these proteins lead to an increased number of cavities. Rare mutations in these keratins lead to a human disease called pachyonychia congenita (PC) and characterized by severe nail malformations and lesions in the skin of the palms and soles. Analysis of wisdom teeth from one of these patients showed that their enamel exhibited structural defects. These results demonstrate that these keratins are important components of tooth enamel and that common genetic variants in the genes that encode them influence tooth decay risk in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Duverger
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Jenna C. Carlson
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Chelsea M. Karacz
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Schwartz
- Pachyonychia Congenita Project, Holladay, UT, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Cross
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - John R. Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Maria I. Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Johnson SC. Nutrient Sensing, Signaling and Ageing: The Role of IGF-1 and mTOR in Ageing and Age-Related Disease. Subcell Biochem 2018; 90:49-97. [PMID: 30779006 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2835-0_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient signaling through insulin/IGF-1 was the first pathway demonstrated to regulate ageing and age-related disease in model organisms. Pharmacological or dietary interventions targeting nutrient signaling pathways have been shown to robustly attenuate ageing in many organisms. Caloric restriction, the most widely studied longevity promoting intervention, works through multiple nutrient signaling pathways, while inhibition of mTOR through treatment with rapamycin reproducibly delays ageing and disease through specific inhibition of the mTOR complexes. Although the benefits of reduced insulin/IGF-1 in lifespan and health are well documented in model organisms, defining the precise role of the IGF-1 in human ageing and age-related disease has proven more difficult. Association studies provide some insight but also reveal paradoxes. Low serum IGF-1 predicts longevity, but IGF-1 decreases with age and IGF-1 therapy benefits some of age-related pathologies. Circulating IGF-1 has been associated both positively and negatively with risk of age-related diseases in humans, and in some cases both activation and inhibition of IGF-1 signaling have provided benefit in animal models of the same diseases. Interventions designed modulate the nutrient sensing signaling pathways positively or negatively are already available for clinical use, highlighting the need for a clear understanding of the role of nutrient signaling in ageing and age-related disease. This chapter examines data from model organisms and human genetic association studies, with a special emphasis on IGF-1 and mTOR, and discusses potential models for resolving the paradoxes surrounding IGF-1 data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Johnson
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Naveau A, Zhang B, Meng B, Sutherland MT, Prochazkova M, Wen T, Marangoni P, Jones KB, Cox TC, Ganss B, Jheon AH, Klein OD. Isl1 Controls Patterning and Mineralization of Enamel in the Continuously Renewing Mouse Incisor. J Bone Miner Res 2017; 32:2219-2231. [PMID: 28650075 PMCID: PMC5685895 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Rodents are characterized by continuously renewing incisors whose growth is fueled by epithelial and mesenchymal stem cells housed in the proximal compartments of the tooth. The epithelial stem cells reside in structures known as the labial (toward the lip) and lingual (toward the tongue) cervical loops (laCL and liCL, respectively). An important feature of the rodent incisor is that enamel, the outer, highly mineralized layer, is asymmetrically distributed, because it is normally generated by the laCL but not the liCL. Here, we show that epithelial-specific deletion of the transcription factor Islet1 (Isl1) is sufficient to drive formation of ectopic enamel by the liCL stem cells, and also that it leads to production of altered enamel on the labial surface. Molecular analyses of developing and adult incisors revealed that epithelial deletion of Isl1 affected multiple, major pathways: Bmp (bone morphogenetic protein), Hh (hedgehog), Fgf (fibroblast growth factor), and Notch signaling were upregulated and associated with liCL-generated ectopic enamel; on the labial side, upregulation of Bmp and Fgf signaling, and downregulation of Shh were associated with premature enamel formation. Transcriptome profiling studies identified a suite of differentially regulated genes in developing Isl1 mutant incisors. Our studies demonstrate that ISL1 plays a central role in proper patterning of stem cell-derived enamel in the incisor and indicate that this factor is an important upstream regulator of signaling pathways during tooth development and renewal. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Naveau
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, UMR S872, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR S872, Paris, France
- INSERM U872, Paris, France
| | - Bin Zhang
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bo Meng
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - McGarrett T. Sutherland
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michaela Prochazkova
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v.v.i., Prague 4 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Timothy Wen
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kyle B. Jones
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Timothy C. Cox
- Department of Pediatrics (Craniofacial Medicine), University of Washington & Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bernhard Ganss
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Andrew H. Jheon
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ophir D. Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Piekoszewska-Ziętek P, Turska-Szybka A, Olczak-Kowalczyk D. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in the Aetiology of Caries: Systematic Literature Review. Caries Res 2017; 51:425-435. [PMID: 28668961 DOI: 10.1159/000476075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the field of molecular biology and techniques of DNA sequence analysis allowed determining the meaning of hereditary factors of many common human diseases. Studies of genetic mechanisms in the aetiology of caries encompass, primarily, 4 main groups of genes responsible for (1) the development of enamel, (2) formation and composition of saliva, (3) immunological responses, and (4) carbohydrate metabolism. The aim of this study was to present current knowledge about the influence of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genetic variants on the occurrence of dental caries. PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for papers on the influence of genetic factors connected with SNP on the occurrence of dental caries in children, teenagers, and adults. Thirty original papers written in English were included in this review. Study groups ranged from 30 to 13,000 subjects. SNPs were observed in 30 genes. Results of the majority of studies confirm the participation of hereditary factors in the aetiology of caries. Three genes, AMELX, AQP5, and ESRRB, have the most promising evidence based on multiple replications and data, supporting a role of these genes in caries. The review of the literature proves that SNP is linked with the aetiology of dental caries.
Collapse
|
40
|
Childers NK, Momeni SS, Whiddon J, Cheon K, Cutter GR, Wiener HW, Ghazal TS, Ruby JD, Moser SA. Association Between Early Childhood Caries and Colonization with Streptococcus mutans Genotypes From Mothers. Pediatr Dent 2017; 39:130-135. [PMID: 28390463 PMCID: PMC5385848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate Streptococcus mutans genotypes (GT) between mother and child (M-C) in a high caries risk cohort to explore the association with early childhood caries (ECC). METHODS Sixty-nine infants (each approximately one year old) had periodic oral examinations (dmfs) and microbial samples collected from dental plaque, saliva, and other oral surfaces. Their mothers had an examination and plaque collected. S mutans isolates were genotyped using repetitive extragenic palindromic-PCR (rep-PCR). Statistical analyses were conducted for associations of S mutans in M-C dyads with caries outcomes. RESULTS Twenty-seven S mutans genotypes (GT) from 3,414 isolates were identified. M-C were categorized as GT match (n equals 40) or no-match (n equals 29). When modeling the severity of ECC at 36 months (approximately four years old), the estimated dmfs in the match group was 2.61 times that of the no-match group (P=.014). CONCLUSIONS Colonization of children with Streptococcus mutans genotypes that matched with mothers was shown to be highly associated with early childhood caries. Although the data suggest vertical transmission of S mutans in 40 of 69 children that shared GT with their mother, it is possible that other individuals transmitted the S mutans. Nonetheless, these findings support the importance of the mother's oral microbial status as a contributing influence to their children's oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noel K Childers
- Joseph F. Volker professor and Chair, in Department of Pediatric Dentistry, in the School of Dentistry, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA;,
| | - Stephanie S Momeni
- DART Postdoctoral Scholar, in the School of Dentistry, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA
| | - Jennifer Whiddon
- Researcher for Laboratory Medicine, in the Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA
| | - Kyounga Cheon
- Instructor, in Department of Pediatric Dentistry, in the School of Dentistry, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA
| | - Gary R Cutter
- Professor in the Department of Biostatistics, in the School of Public Health, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA
| | - Howard W Wiener
- Statistician in the Department of Epidemiology, in the School of Public Health, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA
| | - Tariq S Ghazal
- President, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., and Graduate Student at the College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - John D Ruby
- Adjunct professor, in Department of Pediatric Dentistry, in the School of Dentistry, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA
| | - Stephen A Moser
- Professor and section head of Clinical Microbiology, in the Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Genetic Association of MMP10, MMP14, and MMP16 with Dental Caries. Int J Dent 2017; 2017:8465125. [PMID: 28348596 PMCID: PMC5350286 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8465125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which degrade extracellular proteins as part of a variety of physiological processes, and their inhibitors have been implicated in the dental caries process. Here we investigated 28 genetic variants spanning the MMP10, MMP14, and MMP16 genes to detect association with dental caries experience in 13 age- and race-stratified (n = 3,587) samples from 6 parent studies. Analyses were performed separately for each sample, and results were combined across samples by meta-analysis. Two SNPs (rs2046315 and rs10429371) upstream of MMP16 were significantly associated with caries in an individual sample of white adults and via meta-analysis across 8 adult samples after gene-wise adjustment for multiple comparisons. Noteworthy is SNP rs2046315 (p = 8.14 × 10−8) association with caries in white adults. This SNP was originally nominated in a genome-wide-association study (GWAS) of dental caries in a sample of white adults and yielded associations in a subsequent GWAS of surface level caries in white adults as well. Therefore, in our study, we were able to recapture the association between rs2046315 and dental caries in white adults. Although we did not strengthen evidence that MMPs 10, 14, and 16 influence caries risk, MMP16 is still a likely candidate gene to pursue.
Collapse
|
42
|
Eckert S, Feingold E, Cooper M, Vanyukov MM, Maher BS, Slayton RL, Willing MC, Reis SE, McNeil DW, Crout RJ, Weyant RJ, Levy SM, Vieira AR, Marazita ML, Shaffer JR. Variants on chromosome 4q21 near PKD2 and SIBLINGs are associated with dental caries. J Hum Genet 2017; 62:491-496. [PMID: 28100911 PMCID: PMC5367940 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2016.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A recent genome-wide association study for dental caries nominated the chromosomal region 4q21 near ABCG2, PKD2 and the SIBLING gene family. In this investigation we followed-up and fine-mapped this region using a tag-SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) approach in 13 age- and race-stratified samples from 6 independent studies (N=4,089). Participants were assessed for dental caries via intra-oral examination and 49 tag-SNPs were genotyped capturing much of the variation in the 4q21 locus. Linear models were used to test for genetic association, while adjusting for sex, age, and components of ancestry. SNPs in and near PKD2 showed significant evidence of association in individual samples of black adults (rs17013735, p-value=0.0009) and white adults (rs11938025; p-value=0.0005; rs2725270, p-value=0.003). Meta-analyses across black adult samples recapitulated the association with rs17013735 (p-value=0.003), which occurs at low frequency in non-African populations, possibly explaining the race-specificity of the effect. In addition to race-specific associations, we also observed evidence of gene-by-fluoride exposure interaction effects in white adults for SNP rs2725233 upstream of PKD2 (p=0.002). Our results show evidence of regional replication, though no single variant clearly accounted for the original GWAS signal. Therefore, while we interpret our results as strengthening the hypothesis that chromosome 4q21 may impact dental caries, additional work is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Eckert
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eleanor Feingold
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Margaret Cooper
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael M Vanyukov
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Brion S Maher
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca L Slayton
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcia C Willing
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Washington University at St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven E Reis
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel W McNeil
- Department of Dental Practice and Rural Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Richard J Crout
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Robert J Weyant
- Department of Dental Public Health and Information Management, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven M Levy
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Morrison J, Laurie CC, Marazita ML, Sanders AE, Offenbacher S, Salazar CR, Conomos MP, Thornton T, Jain D, Laurie CA, Kerr KF, Papanicolaou G, Taylor K, Kaste LM, Beck JD, Shaffer JR. Genome-wide association study of dental caries in the Hispanic Communities Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:807-16. [PMID: 26662797 PMCID: PMC4743689 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is the most common chronic disease worldwide, and exhibits profound disparities in the USA with racial and ethnic minorities experiencing disproportionate disease burden. Though heritable, the specific genes influencing risk of dental caries remain largely unknown. Therefore, we performed genome-wide association scans (GWASs) for dental caries in a population-based cohort of 12 000 Hispanic/Latino participants aged 18-74 years from the HCHS/SOL. Intra-oral examinations were used to generate two common indices of dental caries experience which were tested for association with 27.7 M genotyped or imputed single-nucleotide polymorphisms separately in the six ancestry groups. A mixed-models approach was used, which adjusted for age, sex, recruitment site, five principal components of ancestry and additional features of the sampling design. Meta-analyses were used to combine GWAS results across ancestry groups. Heritability estimates ranged from 20-53% in the six ancestry groups. The most significant association observed via meta-analysis for both phenotypes was in the region of the NAMPT gene (rs190395159; P-value = 6 × 10(-10)), which is involved in many biological processes including periodontal healing. Another significant association was observed for rs72626594 (P-value = 3 × 10(-8)) downstream of BMP7, a tooth development gene. Other associations were observed in genes lacking known or plausible roles in dental caries. In conclusion, this was the largest GWAS of dental caries, to date and was the first to target Hispanic/Latino populations. Understanding the factors influencing dental caries susceptibility may lead to improvements in prediction, prevention and disease management, which may ultimately reduce the disparities in oral health across racial, ethnic and socioeconomic strata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Morrison
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98077, USA
| | - Cathy C Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98077, USA
| | - Mary L Marazita
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics and Department of Psychiatry, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | - Steven Offenbacher
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Oral and Systemic Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Christian R Salazar
- Department of Epidemiology and Department of Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, New York City, NY 10461, USA
| | - Matthew P Conomos
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98077, USA
| | - Timothy Thornton
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98077, USA
| | - Deepti Jain
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98077, USA
| | - Cecelia A Laurie
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98077, USA
| | - Kathleen F Kerr
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98077, USA
| | | | - Kent Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA and
| | - Linda M Kaste
- College of Dentistry and School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60162, USA
| | | | - John R Shaffer
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA,
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Anjomshoaa I, Briseño-Ruiz J, Deeley K, Poletta FA, Mereb JC, Leite AL, Barreta PATM, Silva TL, Dizak P, Ruff T, Patir A, Koruyucu M, Abbasoğlu Z, Casado PL, Brown A, Zaky SH, Bayram M, Küchler EC, Cooper ME, Liu K, Marazita ML, Tanboğa İ, Granjeiro JM, Seymen F, Castilla EE, Orioli IM, Sfeir C, Owyang H, Buzalaf MAR, Vieira AR. Aquaporin 5 Interacts with Fluoride and Possibly Protects against Caries. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143068. [PMID: 26630491 PMCID: PMC4668048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQP) are water channel proteins and the genes coding for AQP2, AQP5, and AQP6 are clustered in 12q13. Since AQP5 is expressed in serous acinar cells of salivary glands, we investigated its involvement in caries. DNA samples from 1,383 individuals from six groups were studied. Genotypes of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms covering the aquaporin locus were tested for association with caries experience. Interaction with genes involved in enamel formation was tested. The association between enamel microhardness at baseline, after creation of artificial caries lesion, and after exposure to fluoride and the genetic markers in AQP5 was tested. Finally, AQP5 expression in human whole saliva, after exposure to fluoride in a mammary gland cell line, which is known to express AQP5, and in Wistar rats was also verified. Nominal associations were found between caries experience and markers in the AQP5 locus. Since these associations suggested that AQP5 may be inhibited by levels of fluoride in the drinking water that cause fluorosis, we showed that fluoride levels above optimal levels change AQP5 expression in humans, cell lines, and rats. We have shown that AQP5 is involved in the pathogenesis of caries and likely interacts with fluoride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Anjomshoaa
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Jessica Briseño-Ruiz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Fernardo A. Poletta
- ECLAMC (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) at CEMIC (Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan C. Mereb
- ECLAMC at Hospital de Area El Bolson, El Bolson, RN, Argentina
| | - Aline L. Leite
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Thelma L. Silva
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Piper Dizak
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Timothy Ruff
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Asli Patir
- Department of Pedodontics, Medipol Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zerrin Abbasoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Priscila L. Casado
- Dental School, Clinical Research Unit, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrew Brown
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Samer H. Zaky
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Merve Bayram
- Department of Pedodontics, Medipol Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erika C. Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Margaret E. Cooper
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - İlknur Tanboğa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - José M. Granjeiro
- Dental School, Clinical Research Unit, Federal Fluminense University - UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Metrology (INMETRO), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eduardo E. Castilla
- ECLAMC (Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations) at CEMIC (Center for Medical Education and Clinical Research), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- ECLAMC at INAGEMP-CNPq (National Institute of Population Medical Genetics) at Department of Genetics, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Iêda M. Orioli
- ECLAMC at INAGEMP-CNPq (National Institute of Population Medical Genetics) at Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, Center of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Charles Sfeir
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Hongjiao Owyang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Marmara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bayram M, Deeley K, Reis MF, Trombetta VM, Ruff TD, Sencak RC, Hummel M, Dizak PM, Washam K, Romanos HF, Lips A, Alves G, Costa MC, Granjeiro JM, Antunes LS, Küchler EC, Seymen F, Vieira AR. Genetic influences on dental enamel that impact caries differ between the primary and permanent dentitions. Eur J Oral Sci 2015; 123:327-334. [PMID: 26283008 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Clinically, primary and permanent teeth are distinct anatomically and the presentation of caries lesions differs between the two dentitions. Hence, the possibility exists that genetic contributions to tooth formation of the two dentitions are different. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that genetic associations with an artificial caries model will not be the same between primary and permanent dentitions. Enamel samples from primary and permanent teeth were tested for microhardness at baseline, after carious lesion creation, and after fluoride application to verify association with genetic variants of selected genes. Associations were found between genetic variants of ameloblastin, amelogenin, enamelin, tuftelin, tuftelin interactive protein 11, and matrix metallopeptidase 20 and enamel from permanent teeth but not with enamel from primary teeth. In conclusion, our data continue to support that genetic variation may impact enamel development and consequently individual caries susceptibility. These effects may be distinct between primary and permanent dentitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merve Bayram
- Department of Pedodontics, School of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kathleen Deeley
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Maria F Reis
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Trombetta
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Timothy D Ruff
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Regina C Sencak
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Hummel
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Piper M Dizak
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelly Washam
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helena F Romanos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Lips
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gutemberg Alves
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José M Granjeiro
- Directory of Programs, National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leonardo S Antunes
- Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Erika C Küchler
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Clinical Research Unit, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ohta M, Nishimura H, Asada Y. Association of DLX3 gene polymorphism and dental caries susceptibility in Japanese children. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:55-61. [PMID: 25247779 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DLX3 are associated with dental caries susceptibility in Japanese children. DESIGN Genomic DNA of 201 Japanese children was extracted from buccal epithelial cells. The subjects were divided into two groups: 'low level' group with <10,000 colony forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans/mL saliva (level 0) and 'high level' group with ≥ 10,000 CFU/mL (more than level 1). Each group was further divided according to decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft) into low caries experience (dmft ≤2) and high caries experience (dmft ≥ 3). Seven SNPs in DLX3 were genotyped using TaqMan1® SNP Genotyping Assay. RESULTS Statistical significant association was observed between DLX3 (rs2278163) and caries experience in 'high level Mutans streptococci' group. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that rs2278163 SNP of DLX3 might be associated with dental caries susceptibility in Japanese children. T and C alleles of rs2278163 SNP may potentially be involved in caries susceptibility and caries protection respectively.
Collapse
|
47
|
Polymorphisms in sweet taste genes (TAS1R2 and GLUT2), sweet liking, and dental caries prevalence in an adult Italian population. GENES AND NUTRITION 2015; 10:485. [PMID: 26268603 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-015-0485-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between sweet taste genes and dental caries prevalence in a large sample of adults. In addition, the association between sweet liking and sugar intake with dental caries was investigated. Caries was measured by the decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index in 647 Caucasian subjects (285 males and 362 females, aged 18-65 years), coming from six villages in northeastern Italy. Sweet liking was assessed using a 9-point scale, and the mean of the liking given by each individual to specific sweet food and beverages was used to create a sweet liking score. Simple sugar consumption was estimated by a dietary history interview, considering both added sugars and sugar present naturally in foods. Our study confirmed that polymorphisms in TAS1R2 and GLUT2 genes are related to DMFT index. In particular, GG homozygous individuals for rs3935570 in TAS1R2 gene (p value = 0.0117) and GG homozygous individuals for rs1499821 in GLUT2 gene (p value = 0.0273) showed higher DMFT levels compared to both heterozygous and homozygous for the alternative allele. Furthermore, while the relationship sugar intake-DMFT did not achieve statistical significance (p value = 0.075), a significant association was identified between sweet liking and DMFT (p value = 0.004), independent of other variables. Our study showed that sweet taste genetic factors contribute to caries prevalence and highlighted the role of sweet liking as a predictor of caries risk. Therefore, these results may open new perspectives for individual risk identification and implementation of target preventive strategies, such as identifying high-risk patients before caries development.
Collapse
|
48
|
Xu X, Zheng X, Zheng L, Cheng L, Zhou X. [Precision stomatology: current status and challenges]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2015; 33:315-321. [PMID: 26281265 PMCID: PMC7030114 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2015.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The completion of human genome project and the progress in medical practice have inevitably lead to the development of precision medicine, which is a medical model that proposes the customization of medical care including medical decisions, practices, and/or medical products with patient's genetic background, environmental factors and life behavior being taken into account. The current work proposed precision stomatology for the first time, and by integrating data reported in recent literature, we described the current practice of precision stomatology in multiple disciplines in modem dentistry. The clinical significance of precision stomatology and its future challenges have also been discussed.
Collapse
|
49
|
Doetzer AD, Brancher JA, Pecharki GD, Schlipf N, Werneck R, Mira MT, Riess O, Bauer P, Trevilatto PC. Lactotransferrin Gene Polymorphism Associated with Caries Experience. Caries Res 2015; 49:370-7. [DOI: 10.1159/000366211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is a common multifactorial disease, resulting from the interaction of biofilm, cariogenic diet and host response over time. Lactotransferrin (LTF) is a main salivary glycoprotein, which modulates the host immune-inflammatory and antibacterial response. Although a genetic component for caries outcome has been identified, little is known over the genetic aspects underlying its susceptibility. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between LTF polymorphisms and caries susceptibility. Six hundred seventy seven 12-year-old students were selected: 346 with (DMFT ≥ 1) and 331 without caries experience (DMFT = 0). Also, individuals concentrating higher levels of disease (polarization group, DMFT ≥ 2, n = 253) were tested against those with DMFT ≤ 1 (n = 424). Along with clinical parameters, three representative LTF tag SNPs (rs6441989, rs2073495, rs11716497) were genotyped and the results were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Allele A for tag SNP rs6441989 was found to be significantly less frequent in the polarization group, conferring a protective effect against caries experience [AA + AG × GG (OR: 0.710, 95% CI: 0.514-0.980, p = 0.045)], and remained significantly associated with caries protection in the presence of gingivitis (p = 0.020) and plaque (p = 0.035). These results might contribute to the understanding of the genetic control of caries susceptibility in humans.
Collapse
|
50
|
Haznedaroğlu E, Koldemir-Gündüz M, Bakır-Coşkun N, Bozkuş HM, Çağatay P, Süsleyici-Duman B, Menteş A. Association of sweet taste receptor gene polymorphisms with dental caries experience in school children. Caries Res 2015; 49:275-81. [PMID: 25924601 DOI: 10.1159/000381426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet taste is a powerful factor influencing food acceptance. The peripheral taste response to sugar is mediated by the TAS1R2/TAS1R3 taste receptors. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between TAS1R2 (rs35874116 or rs9701796) and/or TAS1R3 (rs307355) single nucleotide polymorphisms with dental caries experience in schoolchildren. A total of 184 schoolchildren aged between 7 and 12 years (101 girls, 83 boys) were included in the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples and the genotypes were identified by qPCR. The genotype frequencies were as follows: 6.6% for homozygous wild type, 41.8% for heterozygous and 51.6% for homozygous polymorphic genotype carriers of TAS1R2 gene rs35874116; 27.8% for heterozygous and 72.2% for homozygous polymorphic genotype carriers of TAS1R2 gene rs9701796, and 83.1% for homozygous wild type and 16.9% for heterozygous genotype carriers of TAS1R3 gene rs307355 polymorphism. A significant association was observed between total caries experience (dft + DMFT - decayed filled primary teeth + decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth) and TAS1R2 rs35874116 (p = 0.008) and TAS1R3 rs307355 (p = 0.04) gene polymorphisms but not for TAS1R2 gene rs9701796 polymorphism. TAS1R3 gene rs307355 polymorphism has been found to be an independent risk factor for dental caries experience by logistic regression analysis and to have increased the risk of caries. Moderate caries experience (4-7 caries) was found to be associated with TAS1R3 rs307355 heterozygous genotype, whereas high-risk caries experience (>8 caries) was found to be associated with TAS1R2 rs35874116 homozygous polymorphic genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eda Haznedaroğlu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|