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Zhang D, Li S, Tian T, Du J, Lei C, Zhu T, Han L, Song H. Effects of 17α-methyltestosterone and letrozole on growth and gonadal development in largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmodies). Front Physiol 2024; 15:1444918. [PMID: 39355150 PMCID: PMC11442391 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1444918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to optimize the parameters for reversing masculinization and establish the techniques for sex induction of pseudo-males and creation of all-female fry in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmodies, LMB), 15-day-old LMB (1.00 ± 0.10 cm in length, 0.10 ± 0.01 g in weight) were fed a diet supplemented with either 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) or letrozole (LE) and their combination. The experimental groups were M20 (20 mg/kg MT), L20 (20 mg/kg LE) and M10L10 (10 mg/kg MT and 10 mg/kg LE). The control group, named C, was not feed MT or LE. After 60 days, exogenous hormone in the diets was stopped and the effects of MT and LE on growth, male ratio, and gonadal development in LMB were evaluated. At 12-month-old, blood and gonadal tissue samples were collected to measure sex steroid hormones levels, analyze expression levels of dmrt1 and cyp19a1a genes, as well as examine the gonads morphology. The results showed no significant differences in growth between the experimental groups and the control group after a 60-day feeding period with the formulated diet (p > 0.05). The sex reversal ratio of M20, L20, M10L10 were 95.00%, 80.00%, 76.47%, respectively. The gonadal tissue sections showed that the gonadal structure of masculinized fish morphologic resembled that of control male fish. At 12-month-old, the sex reversal ratio in M20, L20, M10L10 and C groups were 100%, 86.67%, 73.33% and 50.00%, respectively. The testicular of pseudo-male fish in the M20 group exhibited well-developed morphology similarities to that of the control group males. However, the testes of pseudo-male fish in the L20 and M10L10 groups were smaller size Estradiol (E2) levels in the experimental groups was significantly lower than those in the control group females (p < 0.05), while testosterone (T) levels were significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Compared to the female fish in the control group, pseudo-male fish from all experimental groups showed significantly upregulated expression of dmrt1 (p < 0.05), and significantly downregulated expression of cyp19a1a (p < 0.05). Pseudo-males selected from group M20 exhibited a significantly higher proportion of female offspring (92.00%) compared to the control group (46.50%). In summary, 20 mg/kg MT was the optimal inducing concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Zhang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taihang Tian
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- College Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxing Du
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caixia Lei
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linqiang Han
- Guangdong Province Liangshi Aquaculture Seed Industry, Foshan, China
| | - Hongmei Song
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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de Souza TG, de Abreu MR, Kuradomi RY, Batlouni SR. Effect of temperature on gonadal differentiation and growth of Leporinus friderici. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20230158. [PMID: 39021500 PMCID: PMC11253782 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of temperature on gonadal differentiation, growth, survival, and sex ratio of Leporinus friderici reared at 25 °C or 29 °C from 50 to 240 days after eclosion (DAE) in a water recirculation system. A total of 110 fish at 50 DAE (6.7 ± 0.1 cm and 6.1 ± 0.3 g) were equally and randomly distributed in 10 boxes (90 L) (11 fish/box, 5 boxes/temperature). One fish from each experimental unit was randomly sampled at 50, 70, 90, 110, 130, 150, 170, 190, 210 and 240 DAE. Female gonadal differentiation started at 150 DAE (11.4 ± 0.0 cm and 16.4 ± 0.0 g) at 25 °C and at 170 DAE (10.7 ± 0.7 cm and 27.7 ± 8.5 g) at 29 ºC, while testes differentiation only occurred at 29 °C from 190 DAE (12.1 ± 0.0 cm and 38.0 ± 0.0 g). Of 50 fishes sampled in each condition, 17 (12 females and five males) and three (three females) displayed gonadal differentiation at 29 °C and 25 °C, respectively. Final biometric values at 29 °C were twice those obtained at 25 °C, reaching 13.9 ± 0.65 cm and 57.3 ± 10.12 g versus 11.2 ± 0.39 cm and 28.5 ± 2.95 g, respectively. While temperature clearly influenced gonadal differentiation and growth, it had inconclusive effects on sex ratio. The higher temperature (29 °C) has direct implications for the production of this species, as it accelerates growth without causing mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafael Yutaka Kuradomi
- Centro de Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Itacoatiara, AM, Brasil
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Nezzi L, Davico CE, Schramm H, de Melo MS, Nazari EM. Assessing testicular morphofunctionality under Roundup WG® herbicide exposure in zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:36958-36970. [PMID: 38758439 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33626-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides, like Roundup WG® (RWG) used for a range of crops, such as corn, soybean, coffee, sugarcane, rice, apple, and citrus, can reach aquatic ecosystems and impact non-target organisms like fish. Thus, the fish were exposed to three RWG concentrations plus one negative control, which represents the concentration allowed for inland Brazilian waters and concentrations found in surface water worldwide (0.0, 0.065, 0.65, and 6.5 mg a.i./L) for 7 and 15 days. Morphological analysis revealed significant alterations in the testicular structure, particularly in Sertoli cell extensions and cytoplasmic bridges between germ cells. Subcellular compartments also displayed alterations, including dilated mitochondria and the loss of electron density and autophagic vesicles. Gene transcript levels related to autophagy and steroidogenic regulation were upregulated in exposed fish. Germ cell quality was also affected, increasing ROS (reactive oxygen species) production and DNA fragmentation. The study highlighted the RWG reproductive toxicity, providing valuable insights into understanding the morphofunctional alterations in somatic and germ cells of Danio rerio. In conclusion, the environmental relevant concentrations used in this study were toxic to male somatic and germ cells, which raises a concern about the concentrations considered safe for human and animal use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciane Nezzi
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Carla Eliana Davico
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Schramm
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Madson Silveira de Melo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Evelise Maria Nazari
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Yang Y, Lu L, Chen R, Yu L, Hu W, Xu D. Production of sterile mono-sex triploid yellow drum (Nibea albiflora): genotypic females and sex-reversed phenotypic males with emphasis on utilization as surrogate broodstock. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:1277-1294. [PMID: 37878190 PMCID: PMC10757696 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Production of sterile mono-sex fish is of great significance for sustainable aquaculture as well as germ cell transplantation. In this study, we aimed to produce mono-sex triploid yellow drum, including genotypic females (XXX female) and sex-reversed phenotypic males (XXX male). Firstly, the mono-female triploids were produced through cold-shock treatment on eggs fertilized with sperm from neo-males. Then, the mono-male triploids were produced by the sex reversal of mono-female triploids with oral administration of letrozole (LZ). We comparatively investigated the growth and gonadal development in the mono-sex triploids. The results showed that the triploids displayed similar growth performance to their diploids throughout their first year, but had impaired gonadosomatic index and gametogenesis. No mature gametes were produced in the triploids during their first spawning season. Meanwhile, we analyzed the process of gametogenesis in the both sex of triploids. Ultrastructure of gametogenesis showed that the germ cells arrested at abnormal metaphase 1 in females, while males had irregular meiotic divisions, variable-sized spermatid and degenerated cells. The expression levels of meiosis-related genes (i.e., sycp3 and rec8) confirmed the abnormal meiosis in the triploids. Furthermore, the gonadal development was also determined by the expression patterns of vasa, dmrt1 and cyp19a1a. Abnormal expression of vasa mRNA and protein were detected in triploids. High cyp19a1a expression levels suggested the sex steroid hormones production might be at least partially functional in triploid females. In addition, high dmrt1 expression levels confirmed the masculinization and testicular development of sex-reversed triploid males by LZ. Our findings provide an efficient protocol to produce sterile mono-sex triploid yellow drum and provide new insights into the mechanism of gonadal sterility of triploid fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Ruiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Liechao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weihua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China.
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.
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Huang X, Zhao R, Xu Z, Fu C, Xie L, Li S, Wang X, Zhang Y. gjSOX9 Cloning, Expression, and Comparison with gjSOXs Family Members in Gekko japonicus. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:9328-9341. [PMID: 37998761 PMCID: PMC10670703 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
SOX9 plays a crucial role in the male reproductive system, brain, and kidneys. In this study, we firstly analyzed the complete cDNA sequence and expression patterns for SOX9 from Gekko japonicus SOX9 (gjSOX9), carried out bioinformatic analyses of physiochemical properties, structure, and phylogenetic evolution, and compared these with other members of the gjSOX family. The results indicate that gjSOX9 cDNA comprises 1895 bp with a 1482 bp ORF encoding 494aa. gjSOX9 was not only expressed in various adult tissues but also exhibited a special spatiotemporal expression pattern in gonad tissues. gjSOX9 was predicted to be a hydrophilic nucleoprotein with a characteristic HMG-Box harboring a newly identified unique sequence, "YKYQPRRR", only present in SOXE members. Among the 20 SOX9 orthologs, gjSOX9 shares the closest genetic relationships with Eublepharis macularius SOX9, Sphacrodactylus townsendi SOX9, and Hemicordylus capensis SOX9. gjSOX9 and gjSOX10 possessed identical physicochemical properties and subcellular locations and were tightly clustered with gjSOX8 in the SOXE group. Sixteen gjSOX family members were divided into six groups: SOXB, C, D, E, F, and H with gjSOX8, 9, and 10 in SOXE among 150 SOX homologs. Collectively, the available data in this study not only facilitate a deep exploration of the functions and molecular regulation mechanisms of the gjSOX9 and gjSOX families in G. japonicus but also contribute to basic research regarding the origin and evolution of SOX9 homologs or even sex-determination mode in reptiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingze Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
| | - Ruonan Zhao
- Department of Bioscience, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
| | - Zhiwang Xu
- Department of Bioscience, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
| | - Chuyan Fu
- Department of Biotechnology, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Bioscience, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
| | - Shuran Li
- Department of Bioscience, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
| | - Yongpu Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
- Department of Bioscience, Life and Environmental Science College, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325003, China
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Gao J, Wang Y, Liu J, Chen F, Guo Y, Ke H, Wang X, Luo M, Fu S. Genome-wide association study reveals genomic loci of sex differentiation and gonadal development in Plectropomus leopardus. Front Genet 2023; 14:1229242. [PMID: 37645057 PMCID: PMC10461086 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1229242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Plectropomus leopardus, a commercially significant marine fish, is primarily found in the Western Pacific regions and along the coast of Southeast Asia. A thorough analysis of the molecular mechanisms involved in sex differentiation is crucial for gaining a comprehensive understanding of gonadal development and improving sex control breeding. However, the relevant fundamental studies of P. leopardus are relatively lacking. Methods: In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to investigate the genetic basis mechanism of sex differentiation and gonadal developmental traits in P. leopardus utilizing about 6,850,000 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from 168 individuals (including 126 females and 42 males) by the genome-wide efficient mixed-model association (GEMMA) algorithm. Results: The results of these single-trait GWASs showed that 46 SNP loci (-log10 p > 7) significantly associated with sex differentiation, and gonadal development traits were distributed in multiple different chromosomes, which suggested the analyzed traits were all complex traits under multi-locus control. A total of 1,838 potential candidate genes were obtained by considering a less-stringent threshold (-log10 p > 6) and ±100 kb regions surrounding the significant genomic loci. Moreover, 31 candidate genes were identified through a comprehensive analysis of significant GWAS peaks, gene ontology (GO) annotations, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, including taf7, ddx6, apoeb, sgk1, a2m, usf1, hsd3b7, dll4, xbp1, tet3, esr1, and gli3. These trait-associated genes have been shown to be involved in germline development, male sex differentiation, gonad morphogenesis, hormone receptor binding, oocyte development, male gonad development, steroidogenesis, estrogen-synthetic pathway, etc. Discussion: In the present study, multiple genomic loci of P. leopardus associated with sex differentiation and gonadal development traits were identified for the first time by using GWAS, providing a valuable resource for further research on the molecular genetic mechanism and sex control in P. leopardus. Our results also can contribute to understanding the genetic basis of the sex differentiation mechanism and gonadal development process in grouper fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Gao
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Tropical Ocean University Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Yongbo Wang
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Tropical Ocean University Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Jinye Liu
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Tropical Sea-Farming, Haikou, China
| | - Fuxiao Chen
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Tropical Ocean University Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Yilan Guo
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hongji Ke
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xulei Wang
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Shuyuan Fu
- Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Tropical Ocean University Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Sanya, China
- Hainan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Tropical Sea-Farming, Haikou, China
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Sun S, Song F, Shi L, Zhang K, Gu Y, Sun J, Luo J. Transcriptome analysis of differentially expressed circular RNAs in the testis and ovary of golden pompano (Trachinotus blochii). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2023; 45:101052. [PMID: 36563610 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2022.101052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The artificial breeding of golden pompano (Trachinotus blochii) has expanded greatly in recent years, and after long-term breeding efforts, clear sexual dimorphisms have been observed in T. blochii growth traits, with females growing faster. As sponges of microRNA (miRNAs), circular RNAs (CircRNAs) can alleviate miRNA inhibition of target mRNA. However, few studies have examined sex-related CircRNAs and none of those have looked at T. blochii. To further understand the role of CircRNAs in sex differentiation and sexual size dimorphism in T. blochii, six CircRNA libraries were constructed from the testes and ovaries of T. blochii. A total of 1522 CircRNAs were found distributed over all 24 chromosomes of T. blochii. 135 differentially expressed CircRNAs (DECs) were identified by screening, These DECs were then subjected to GO enrichment, which found 47 enriched pathways. A number of CircRNAs were enriched in cellular processes and metabolic processes. According to the KEGG pathway analysis, a series of sex differentiation pathways were enriched, including the GnRH, calcium, and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, we selected two CircRNAs from the DECs named circ-cacna1b and circ-octc. We found that the cacna1b gene is regulated by 7 miRNAs, 3 of which were regulated by circ-cacna1b, i.e., mmu-miR-138-5p, fru-miR-138, and pma-miR-138b. In addition, the miRNA named pma-miR-138b can regulate sex-related genes, such as sox9 and dmrt1, among others. The co-expression network of CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA showed circ-cacna1b may play a crucial role in T. blochii sex differentiation by regulating pma-miR-138b to affect the expression of sex differentiation genes. The circ-octc may be one of the largest contributors to sexual size dimorphism during growth through its effect on lipid metabolism. These findings could broaden our understanding of CircRNAs and provide new insight into their function in sex differentiation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Feibiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Liping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Kaixi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yue Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Junlong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Farias RDS, Oliveira KRDS, de Souza ME, Ferreira DA, Silva AADN, da Silva VA, Dunham R, Coimbra MRM. Effect of dosage of orally administered 17α-methyltestosterone on sex reversion of the yellowtail tetra Astyanax lacustris (Lütken, 1875). Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20220080. [PMID: 36922988 PMCID: PMC10010158 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The females of yellowtail tetra (Astyanax lacustris), known as the freshwater sardine, are approximately 1.33 times larger than males, and thus, all-female monosex culture would increase production and reduce size variability. The present work aimed to identify the optimal dose of 17α-methyltestosterone (MT) to be used in the masculinization of A. lacustris for indirect sex reversal. Three different concentrations of MT (20, 40, and 60 mg/kg of feed in the diet) were fed to the fry for 30 days. Thirty adult individuals from each treatment, including the control (0 mg MT/kg), were evaluated for gonadal development, morphological and histological sexual identification, zootechnical performance, and the possible genotoxic effect caused by prolonged exposure to MT. MT significantly (P<0.01) affected the differentiation of the gonads, with the presence of possible inhibitory effects in all treatments. Intersex individuals were present in the 20 and 60 mg MT/kg treatments. All treatments were able to masculinize A. lacustris and the treatment with the lowest hormone concentration produced the highest percentage of males 76.7%, while the control had 46.7% males. The presence of erythrocyte nuclear alterations indicated a possible cytotoxic effect of MT in treatments 40 and 60 mg MT/kg, however, the use of the hormone did not affect the growth and the survival of the individuals. Thus, the use of MT is a viable option for obtaining neomales as a first step into the production of all-female progenies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata da Silva Farias
- Departamento de Pesca e Aquicultura, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | | | | | - Dijaci Araújo Ferreira
- Colégio Agrícola Dom Agostinho Ikas, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, São Lourenço da Mata, PE, Brasil
| | | | - Valdemiro Amaro da Silva
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Rex Dunham
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Zhong Z, Wang Y, Feng Y, Xu Y, Zhao L, Jiang Y, Zhang Z. The molecular regulation mechanism of dmrt1-based on the establishment of the testis cell line derived from two-spot puffer Takifugu bimaculatus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1475-1494. [PMID: 36445491 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of fish cell lines can provide an important in vitro model for developmental biology, pathology, and genetics and also an effective tool to investigate the interactions and related functions of genes. Two-spot puffer Takifugu bimaculatus is a high economic and nutritional value marine fish in Fujian in recent years. Nevertheless, dmrt1 plays a key role in the male differentiation from invertebrates to vertebrates. To understand the molecular regulatory mechanisms of dmrt1 in T. bimaculatus, a testis cell line called TBTc from a juvenile testis of this organism was established with modified Leibovitz's L-15 medium supplemented with 20% FBS, fish serum, embryo extract, and other growth factors. The TBTc with a stable karyotype can be passaged continuously, which was composed of fibroblast-like cells and expressed the marker genes of male-special cells, dmrt1, and amh, and the absence of vasa expression may rule out the possibility of the presence of germ cells. Therefore, TBTc appeared to consist of the mixture of the Sertoli cell and germ cell of the testis. The dmrt1 was significantly expressed in the testes and slightly expressed in the late embryonic development, illustrating that the dmrt1 may participate in the molecular regulation of gonads development and sex differentiation. With the high transfection efficiency of TBTc by electroporation, the cell lines could be used effectively in the study for the expression of exogenous and endogenous genes. Meanwhile, after the knockdown of dmrt1, the morphological changes and survival rates of cells proved that dmrt1 could affect the growth of testicular cells. Furthermore, with the loss of dmrt1, the expression of male-bias genes amh, sox9, and cyp11a was significantly decreased, and the expression of female-bias genes foxl2, sox3, and cyp19a was increased, which suggested that dmrt1 upregulates amh, sox9, and cyp11a and downregulates foxl2, sox3, and cyp19a to participate in the testis development. As a first fish gonadal cell lines of T. bimaculatus, which can be a more convenient, efficient, and rapid model for the investigation of the expression and function of genes, the results will lay a foundation for the next study of the molecular regulation mechanism in gonadal development and sex determination of fish in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yilei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yonghua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Ziping Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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10
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Guan WZ, Jiang K, Lai XL, Dong YT, Qiu GF. Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis of Gonadal and Somatic Tissues for Identification of Sex-Related Genes in the Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:588-598. [PMID: 35384611 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is an economically important fish. It can spawn many times during a breeding season, and there are no obvious morphological characteristics to distinguish male and female juvenile fish. So far, little is known about the genes regulating their sexual development in this species. Here, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of the testis, ovary, and somatic tissue to identify sex-related genes in the largemouth bass. A total of 51,672 unigenes were obtained via the transcriptome analysis, and 5900 differential expression genes (DEGs), including 3028 up-regulated and 2872 down-regulated DEGs, were obtained in the somatic tissue, testis, and ovary. DEGs were retrieved by making comparisons: somatic tissue vs testis (1733-up and 1382-down), testis vs ovary (841-up and 807-down), and ovary vs somatic tissue (454-up and 683-down). Finally, functional annotation identified 22 key sex-related DEGs, including 13 testis-biased DEGs (dmrt1, cyp11b1, sox9, spata4, spata22, spata17, fshr, fem-1a, wt1, daz1, amh, vasa, and piwi1) and 9 ovary-biased DEGs (foxl2, gdf9, zp3, sox3, cyp19a, bmp15, fem-1b, fig. la, and piwi2). This result was further confirmed by the tissue expression detection via RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. Protein-protein interacting (PPI) network analysis revealed that the testis-specific dmrt1 interacts directly with the testis-biased DEGs (cyp11b1 and spata4) and the ovary-biased DEGs (foxl2, gdf9, zp3, sox3, cyp19a, and bmp15), suggesting that the dmrt1 as a sex-determining gene can play a dual role through inducing the testis-biased DEGs and inhibiting the ovary-biased DEGs during the testicular development. Our present results provide useful molecular data for a better understanding of sexual development in the largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of AgricultureShanghai Engineering Research Center of AquaculturePudong New Area, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of AgricultureShanghai Engineering Research Center of AquaculturePudong New Area, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Xing-Lin Lai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of AgricultureShanghai Engineering Research Center of AquaculturePudong New Area, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yao-Ting Dong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of AgricultureShanghai Engineering Research Center of AquaculturePudong New Area, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Gao-Feng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of AgricultureShanghai Engineering Research Center of AquaculturePudong New Area, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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11
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Sun Y, Zhang M, Cheng P, Gong Z, Li X, Wang N, Wei M, Xu X, Xu W. pitpβ_w Encoding Phosphatidylinositol Transfer Protein Is Involved in Female Differentiation of Chinese Tongue Sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis. Front Genet 2022; 13:861763. [PMID: 35432449 PMCID: PMC9006047 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.861763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein (pitp) plays an important role in phospholipid transfer in animals. A pitp variant (pitpβ_w) in Chinese tongue sole was identified by transcriptomic analysis for its female-biased expression. The coding sequence of pitpβ_w was 816 bp, encoding a 371-amino-acid protein. pitpβ_w showed female-biased expression and was relatively high in brain, muscle, and ovary tissues. In different developmental stages of the ovary, pitpβ_w could be detected from 40 days until 3 years post hatching, and the highest expression was observed at 90 days. In situ hybridization revealed that pitpβ_w was predominantly localized in early-stage oocytes (I-III stages). After siRNA-mediated knockdown of pitpβ_w in an ovarian cell line, the expression of sox9a was reduced, while that of figla_tv1 and sox9b was significantly increased. Our findings suggest that pitpβ_w might be involved in female differentiation and early oogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Sun
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, China.,Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Mengqian Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihong Gong
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, China
| | - Xihong Li
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, China
| | - Na Wang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, China
| | - Min Wei
- Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- Qingdao Vland Biotech Company Group, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenteng Xu
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, China.,Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
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12
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Dynamics of sexual development in teleosts with a note on Mugil cephalus. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Li H, Zhu Q, Chen R, Liu M, Xu D. Identification and Characterization of Dimorphic Expression of Sex-Related Genes in Rock Bream, a Fish With Multiple Sex Chromosomes. Front Genet 2021; 12:791179. [PMID: 34912379 PMCID: PMC8668390 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.791179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) is a typical fish with a unique multiple sex chromosome system. In this study, we investigated the gene expression profiling in the gonads and brains of both males and females using RNA-Seq to identify sex-related genes and pathways. In accordance with the dimorphic expression profiles, combined with Gene ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses, a number of potential genes and pathways associated with sex determination were obtained from transcriptional analysis, especially some sex-biased genes and pathways. Next, we selected 18 candidate genes and analyzed their expression in different tissues and developmental stages. We found that the expression levels of Amh, Dmrt1, Sox9, Dmrtb1, and Nanos2 were significantly higher in the testis than those in the ovary or other tissues, whereas the expression levels of ZP4, Bouncer, RNF208, FoxH1, and TOB were significantly higher in the ovary than those in the testis. Furthermore, the expression levels of these genes in different developmental stages of gonads also showed sexually dimorphic patterns, suggesting that they might play important roles during gonadal development. These genes are useful markers for investigating sex determination and differentiation in rock bream. The findings of this study can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in fish with multiple sex chromosome systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.,Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Qihui Zhu
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China.,Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Ruiyi Chen
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China.,Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Mingtao Liu
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.,Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China.,Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
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14
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Ou M, Chen K, Gao D, Wu Y, Luo Q, Liu H, Zhao J. Characterization, expression and CpG methylation analysis of Dmrt1 and its response to steroid hormone in blotched snakehead (Channa maculata). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 257:110672. [PMID: 34455080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dmrt1 is an important transcriptional regulator that plays critical role in male gonadogenesis, testicular differentiation and development. In this study, Dmrt1 was cloned from blotched snakehead (Channa maculata), which is designated as CmDmrt1. CmDmrt1 encoded a putative protein with 293 amino acids and presented an extremely conserved DM domain. It was nearly expressed in the gonads, and the expression was more than 15 times higher in the testis than in the ovary. 1851 bp promoter sequence of CmDmrt1 was characterized and the methylation levels of the CpG sites were analyzed to detect sex-related differences. A significant negative correlation between CmDmrt1 expression and CpG methylation level of its promoter was found in the testis and ovary. During gonadal development, CmDmrt1 transcription displayed strong male-biased expression patterns, increased with the maturation of testis and reached the peak at 195 days after hatching (dah), which indicates a significant role of Dmrt1 in spermatogenesis. Steroid treatment could influence CmDmrt1 expression, and long-term 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment could induce the male-to-female secondary sex reversal (SSR), which resulted in the differentiated testis transformed to ovary or ovotestis. Meanwhile, CmDmrt1 expression was down-regulated to fairly low level in the ovary of the SSR XY fish, which was similar to that in normal XX females ovary. Our research illustrates that Dmrt1 is linked to testis differentiation and spermatogenesis in blotched snakehead, providing information for functional studies on sex differentiation and gonadal development of C. maculata, and scientific basis for the production practice of all-male snakehead breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
| | - Kunci Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
| | - Dandan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yanduo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
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15
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Cui Z, Zhang J, Sun Z, Liu B, Han Y, Zhao C, Chang Y. Testis-specific expression pattern of dmrt1 and its putative regulatory region in the sea urchin (Mesocentrotus nudus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 257:110668. [PMID: 34384887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sea urchin (Mseocentrotus nudus) is an economically important mariculture species in several Asian countries. The growth rate and immunocompetence differ by sex in this species. However, the mechanisms of sex determination in M. nudus have remain unclear. In the present study, we focus on the dmrt1 gene of M. nudus (Mndmrt1) to investigate its dynamic expression pattern during different developmental stages. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed that Mndmrt1 exhibits testis-specific expression and undetectable during the whole embryogenesis. With the development of ontogenetic, Mndmrt1 transcripts are first detected at 9 months post-fertilization (mpf). In addition, both the transcripts and protein of Mndmrt1 gene were specifically expressed in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, indicating that it might be a male germ cells marker in sea urchin. Significantly, the 1441 bp promoter sequence of Mndmrt1 gene was obtained by DNA walking, and one positive regulatory region at -1197/ -968 in the promoter, as well as one negative regulatory region at -1441/ -1198 have been identified by promoter activity analysis. Moreover, two regulatory regions contain multiple putative binding sites for transcription factors, including Sp1, Egr1, Sox5, CEBP, GATA and SRY. These findings suggest that Mndmrt1 may be related to testis differentiation and spermatogenesis in sea urchin and will provide an insight into understanding the regulatory mechanism of the dmrt1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouping Cui
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China; School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
| | - Zhihui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Bingzheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yalun Han
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yaqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture& Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China.
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16
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Tenugu S, Pranoty A, Mamta SK, Senthilkumaran B. Development and organisation of gonadal steroidogenesis in bony fishes - A review. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Imarazene B, Beille S, Jouanno E, Branthonne A, Thermes V, Thomas M, Herpin A, Rétaux S, Guiguen Y. Primordial Germ Cell Migration and Histological and Molecular Characterization of Gonadal Differentiation in Pachón Cavefish Astyanax mexicanus. Sex Dev 2021; 14:80-98. [PMID: 33691331 DOI: 10.1159/000513378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic regulatory network governing vertebrate gonadal differentiation appears less conserved than previously thought. Here, we investigated the gonadal development of Astyanax mexicanus Pachón cavefish by looking at primordial germ cells (PGCs) migration and proliferation, gonad histology, and gene expression patterns. We showed that PGCs are first detected at the 80% epiboly stage and then reach the gonadal primordium at 1 day post-fertilization (dpf). However, in contrast to the generally described absence of PGCs proliferation during their migration phase, PGCs number in cavefish doubles between early neurula and 8-9 somites stages. Combining both gonadal histology and vasa (germ cell marker) expression patterns, we observed that ovarian and testicular differentiation occurs around 65 dpf in females and 90 dpf in males, respectively, with an important inter-individual variability. The expression patterns of dmrt1, gsdf, and amh revealed a conserved predominant male expression during cavefish gonadal development, but none of the ovarian differentiation genes, i. e., foxl2a, cyp19a1a, and wnt4b displayed an early sexually dimorphic expression, and surprisingly all these genes exhibited predominant expression in adult testes. Altogether, our results lay the foundation for further research on sex determination and differentiation in A. mexicanus and contribute to the emerging picture that the vertebrate sex differentiation downstream regulatory network is less conserved than previously thought, at least in teleost fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boudjema Imarazene
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des poissons, Rennes, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Séverine Beille
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des poissons, Rennes, France
| | - Elodie Jouanno
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des poissons, Rennes, France
| | - Adéle Branthonne
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des poissons, Rennes, France
| | - Violette Thermes
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des poissons, Rennes, France
| | - Manon Thomas
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des poissons, Rennes, France
| | - Amaury Herpin
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des poissons, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Rétaux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Yann Guiguen
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des poissons, Rennes, France,
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18
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Shioda K, Odajima J, Kobayashi M, Kobayashi M, Cordazzo B, Isselbacher KJ, Shioda T. Transcriptomic and Epigenetic Preservation of Genetic Sex Identity in Estrogen-feminized Male Chicken Embryonic Gonads. Endocrinology 2021; 162:5973467. [PMID: 33170207 PMCID: PMC7745639 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Whereas in ovo exposure of genetically male (ZZ) chicken embryos to exogenous estrogens temporarily feminizes gonads at the time of hatching, the morphologically ovarian ZZ-gonads (FemZZs for feminized ZZ gonads) are masculinized back to testes within 1 year. To identify the feminization-resistant "memory" of genetic male sex, FemZZs showing varying degrees of feminization were subjected to transcriptomic, DNA methylome, and immunofluorescence analyses. Protein-coding genes were classified based on their relative mRNA expression across normal ZZ-testes, genetically female (ZW) ovaries, and FemZZs. We identified a group of 25 genes that were strongly expressed in both ZZ-testes and FemZZs but dramatically suppressed in ZW-ovaries. Interestingly, 84% (21/25) of these feminization-resistant testicular marker genes, including the DMRT1 master masculinizing gene, were located in chromosome Z. Expression of representative marker genes of germline cells (eg, DAZL or DDX4/VASA) was stronger in FemZZs than normal ZZ-testes or ZW-ovaries. We also identified 231 repetitive sequences (RSs) that were strongly expressed in both ZZ-testes and FemZZs, but these RSs were not enriched in chromosome Z. Although 94% (165/176) of RSs exclusively expressed in ZW-ovaries were located in chromosome W, no feminization-inducible RS was detected in FemZZs. DNA methylome analysis distinguished FemZZs from normal ZZ- and ZW-gonads. Immunofluorescence analysis of FemZZ gonads revealed expression of DMRT1 protein in medullary SOX9+ somatic cells and apparent germline cell populations in both medulla and cortex. Taken together, our study provides evidence that both somatic and germline cell populations in morphologically feminized FemZZs maintain significant transcriptomic and epigenetic memories of genetic sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Shioda
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Junko Odajima
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Misato Kobayashi
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mutsumi Kobayashi
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bianca Cordazzo
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kurt J Isselbacher
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Toshi Shioda
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Correspondence: Toshi Shioda, Massachusetts General Hospital Center for Cancer Research, Building 149 – 7th Floor, 13th Street, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA. E-mail:
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19
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Zhou L, Ma X, Zhu N, Zou Q, Guo K, Bai L, Yu H, Hu J. The role of mab-3 in spermatogenesis and ontogenesis of pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:138-147. [PMID: 32652887 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is one of the most destructive invasive species, causing extensive economic losses worldwide. The sex ratio of female to male of B. xylophilus plays an important role in the nematode infestation. However, little is known about the processes of its sex determination. The double sex/mab-3-related family of transcription factors are highly conserved in animals, playing crucial roles in sex determination, spermatogenesis and ontogenesis. We therefore investigated its orthologue, Bxy-mab-3, in B. xylophilus. RESULTS Bxy-mab-3 has two typical conserved DNA-binding domains. It was observed in J2 (the second-stage of juveniles), J3, J4 and male adults (specifically on the spicules), but not in eggs or female adults via mRNA in situ hybridization. RNA-Seq indicated significantly higher expression in males. RNAi showed that the body size and sperm size of male adults were markedly smaller than those of the controls. Meanwhile, almost all the RNAi-treated males failed to mate with the normal females, even 26.34% of interfered males did not produce sperm. However, RNAi of Bxy-mab-3 had no effect on the sex ratio of B. xylophilus. CONCLUSION Bxy-mab-3 is indispensable for spermatogenesis, ontogenesis and mating behavior. It is a typical sex-determination gene with differential expression in males and females. However, knocking down Bxy-mab-3 expression could not alter the sex ratio as seen in other species. Our findings contribute towards a better understanding of the molecular events of Bxy-mab-3 in B. xylophilus, which provides promising hints for control of pine wilt disease by blocking ontogenesis and decreasing nematode fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural & Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural & Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Najie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural & Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingchi Zou
- Natural Forest Protection Center, Liaoning Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Shenyang, China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural & Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural & Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongshi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural & Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jiafu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agricultural & Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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Cross I, García E, Rodríguez ME, Arias-Pérez A, Portela-Bens S, Merlo MA, Rebordinos L. The genomic structure of the highly-conserved dmrt1 gene in Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1868) shows an unexpected intragenic duplication. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241518. [PMID: 33137109 PMCID: PMC7605655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowing the factors responsible for sex determination in a species has significant theoretical and practical implications; the dmrt1 gene (Doublesex and Mab-3 (DM)-related Transcription factor 1) plays this role in diverse animal species. Solea senegalensis is a commercially important flat fish in which females grow 30% faster than males. It has 2n = 42 chromosomes and an XX / XY chromosome system for sex determination, without heteromorph chromosomes but with sex proto-chromosome. In the present study, we are providing the genomic structure and nucleotide sequence of dmrt1 gene obtained from cDNA from male and female adult gonads. A cDNA of 2027 containing an open-reading frame (ORF) of 1206 bp and encoding a 402 aa protein it is described for dmrt1 gene of S. senegalensis. Multiple mRNA isoforms indicating a high variable system of alternative splicing in the expression of dmrt1 of the sole in gonads were studied. None isoforms could be related to sex of individuals. The genomic structure of the dmrt1 of S. senegalensis showed a gene of 31400 bp composed of 7 exons and 6 introns. It contains an unexpected duplication of more than 10399 bp, involving part of the exon I, exons II and III and a SINE element found in the sequence that it is proposed as responsible for the duplication. A mature miRNA of 21 bp in length was localized at 336 bp from exon V. Protein-protein interacting networks of the dmrt1 gene showed matches with dmrt1 protein from Cynoglossus semilaevis and a protein interaction network with 11 nodes (dmrt1 plus 10 other proteins). The phylogenetic relationship of the dmrt1 gene in S. senegalensis is consistent with the evolutionary position of its species. The molecular characterization of this gene will enhance its functional analysis and the understanding of sex differentiation in Solea senegalensis and other flatfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Cross
- Area de Genética, CASEM, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Emilio García
- Area de Genética, CASEM, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - María E. Rodríguez
- Area de Genética, CASEM, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | | | | | - Manuel A. Merlo
- Area de Genética, CASEM, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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21
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Martinez-Bengochea A, Doretto L, Rosa IF, Oliveira MA, Silva C, Silva DMZA, Santos GR, Santos JSF, Avelar MM, Silva LV, Lucianelli-Junior D, Souza ERB, Silva RC, Stewart AB, Nakaghi LSO, Valentin FN, Nóbrega RH. Effects of 17β-estradiol on early gonadal development and expression of genes implicated in sexual differentiation of a South American teleost, Astyanax altiparanae. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 248-249:110467. [PMID: 32628996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gonadal sex differentiation in teleost fish shows greater plasticity as compared to other vertebrates, as it can be influenced by a variety of factors such as exogenous sex steroids. Exogenous estrogens, such as 17β-estradiol (E2), can induce feminization when administered during early embryonic development. However, the mechanisms underlying the E2-induced feminization are not fully understood, especially in Neotropical species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of E2 administration on the phenotypic sex characteristics, histological assessment of the gonads, and the expression of selected genes in Astyanax altiparanae exposed to dietary E2 prior to gonadal differentiation. At 4 days post-hatch (dph), groups of 30-40 undifferentiated larvae were fed with a diet containing varying amounts of E2 for 28 days, and fish were sampled at 90 dph. Previous studies revealed that ovary formation in A. altiparanae occurred at 58 dph, whereas the first sign of testis formation was found at 73 dph. In relation to the control, E2 exposure increased the proportion of phenotypic females in 120% and 148.4% for 4 and 6 mg E2/Kg, respectively. However, histological analysis revealed that treatments did not affect gonadal sex ratio between males and females, but induced intersex (testis-ova) in the group treated with 6 mg E2/Kg food. Treatment with E2 also altered gonadal transcript levels of a selected number of genes implicated in sexual differentiation. Males overexpressed dmrt1, sox9 and amh following E2 treatment as compared to control. Females showed increased mRNA levels of dmrt1 and sox9, which might be related to the down-regulation of cyp19a1a after E2 exposure. In summary, E2 exposure during early gonadal development affected male secondary characteristics without changing the gonadal sex ratio, and altered expression of genes implicated in sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martinez-Bengochea
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Doretto
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I F Rosa
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Oliveira
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Silva
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D M Z A Silva
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G R Santos
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J S F Santos
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M M Avelar
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L V Silva
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D Lucianelli-Junior
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Altamira, Pará, Brazil
| | - E R B Souza
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R C Silva
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A B Stewart
- Department of Orthopaedics Musculoskeletal Research, West Virginia University,USA
| | - L S O Nakaghi
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Aquaculture Center (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F N Valentin
- Laboratório de Morfofisiologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Altamira, Pará, Brazil.
| | - R H Nóbrega
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Mizoguchi B, Valenzuela N. Alternative splicing and thermosensitive expression of Dmrt1 during urogenital development in the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8639. [PMID: 32219017 PMCID: PMC7085901 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 (Dmrt1) is a highly conserved gene across numerous vertebrates and invertebrates in sequence and function. Small aminoacid changes in Dmrt1 are associated with turnovers in sex determination in reptiles. Dmrt1 is upregulated in males during gonadal development in many species, including the painted turtle, Chrysemys picta, a reptile with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Dmrt1 is reported to play different roles during sex determination and differentiation, yet whether these functions are controlled by distinct Dmrt1 spliceoforms remains unclear. While Dmrt1 isoforms have been characterized in various vertebrates, no study has investigated their existence in any turtle. METHODS We examine the painted turtle to identify novel Dmrt1 isoforms that may be present during urogenital development using PCR, profile their expression by RNA-seq across five embryonic stages at male- and female-producing temperatures, and validate their expression pattern via qPCR with transcript-specific fluorescent probes. RESULTS A novel Dmrt1 spliceoform was discovered for the first time in chelonians, lacking exons 2 and 3 (Dmrt1 ΔEx2Ex3). Dmrt1 canonical and ΔEx2Ex3 transcripts were differentialy expressed by temperature at stages 19 and 22 in developing gonads of painted turtles, after the onset of sex determination, and displayed a significant male-biased expression pattern. This transcriptional pattern differs from studies in other turtles and vertebrates that reported Dmrt1 differential expression before or at the onset of sex determination. This study provides the first insight into Dmrt1 transcriptional diversity in turtles and opens the door for future functional studies of the alternative Dmrt1 transcript uncovered here. CONCLUSIONS The discovery of an isoform in turtles indicate that alternative splicing may be a common feature of Dmrt1 across vertebrates, as isoforms are also found in crocodilians, birds, mammals and fish, and this variation remains unexplained. The relatively late-onset of Dmrt1 expression observed here contrasts with other turtles, indicating that Dmrt1 is not the topmost male sex -determining factor in C. picta. When placed in a phylogenetic context, this discrepancy underscores the divergent regulation of Dmrt1, and of sexual development more generally, across vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Mizoguchi
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
| | - Nicole Valenzuela
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States of America
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Qu M, Ding S, Schartl M, Adolfi MC. Spatial and temporal expression pattern of sex-related genes in ovo-testis of the self-fertilizing mangrove killifish (Kryptolebias marmoratus). Gene 2020; 742:144581. [PMID: 32173540 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In vertebrates, sex determination and differentiation comprehend a fine balance between female and male factors, leading the bipotential anlage to develop towards ovary or testis, respectively. Nevertheless, the mangrove killifish, (Kryptolebias marmoratus) a simultaneous hermaphroditic species, could overcome those antagonistic pathways and evolved to develop and maintain reproductively active ovarian and testicular tissues in the same organ. Morphological and mRNA localization analyzes of developing and adult gonads demonstrate that genes related to testis (dmrt1 and amh) and ovary differentiation (foxl2 and sox9a) follow the same expression pattern observed in gonochoristic species, thus functioning as two independent organs. In addition, Amh expression patterns make it a strong candidate for initiation of the formation and maintenance of the testicular tissue in the hermaphroditic gonad. Differently from described so far, foxl3 seems to have an important role in oogenesis as well as spermatogenesis and gonadal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qu
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Guangzhou 510220, China
| | - Shaoxiong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Manfred Schartl
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany; University of Wuerzburg, Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany; The Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA
| | - Mateus Contar Adolfi
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany; University of Wuerzburg, Developmental Biochemistry, Biocenter, Am Hubland, D-97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
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Rocha MSA, Silva RC, Santos JCE, Schorer M, Nascimento MP, Pedreira MM. Comparative larval ontogeny of two fish species (Characiformes and Siluriformes) endemic to the São Francisco River in Brazil. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 96:49-58. [PMID: 31648365 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to perform comparative histological analyses of the ontogenetic development of two fish species endemic to the São Francisco River in Brazil: Prochilodus argenteus and Lophiosilurus alexandri. Histological analyses were performed every 24 h from the moment of hatching until 14 days post-hatching (dph) for the observation of larval development and until 39 dph for the observation of gonadal development. Whole larvae were fixed in Bouin's solution and the histological slides were stained with haematoxylin-eosin. Lophiosilurus alexandri larvae had a larger body size compared with P. argenteus larvae since hatching. Lophiosilurus alexandri larvae had mouth opening and pigmentation of the eyes upon hatching, whereas these events were observed at 1 dph in P. argenteus larvae. The visualisation and the inflation of the swim bladder occurred at 1 and 3 dph, respectively, in the P. argenteus, whereas these events occurred at 2 and 8 dph, respectively, in L. alexandri. Yolk granules were absorbed at 4 dph in P. argenteus and the 10 dph in L. alexandri. At 7 dph, the digestive tube was more differentiated in L. alexandri than P. argenteus and at 14 dph, the digestive system of both species had features of their eating habits: broad stomach and short intestine in L. alexandri, typical of carnivorous habits; stomach with a mechanical function and long intestine in P. argenteus, typical of detritivorous habits. The epithelial lining tissue, formed by a single layer of cells in the newly hatched larvae (0 dph), differentiated throughout the study, exhibiting scales in P. argenteus and numerous club cells in the middle epithelial region of L. alexandri at 39 dph. Undifferentiated gonads with somatic cells and primordial germ cells were observed at 39 dph, with caudal-cranial migration since 1 dph in both species. The anatomic changes during the ontogeny of P. argenteus and L. alexandri larvae are directly associated with the evolutionary history of each species, which explains their feeding habits, behaviour and distribution in the environment: Prochilodus argenteus is detritivorous and actively swims in the water column, whereas L. alexandri is carnivorous and inhabits bottom regions. At 39 dph neither species exhibited sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra S A Rocha
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Robson C Silva
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - José C E Santos
- Companhia do Desenvolvimento dos Vales do São Francisco e do Parnaíba (CODEVASF), Três Marias, Brazil
| | - Marianne Schorer
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Maria P Nascimento
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Pedreira
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Departamento de Zootecnia, Diamantina, Brazil
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Sahoo L, Sahoo S, Mohanty M, Sankar M, Dixit S, Das P, Rasal KD, Rather MA, Sundaray JK. Molecular characterization, computational analysis and expression profiling of Dmrt1 gene in Indian major carp, Labeo rohita (Hamilton 1822). Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:413-426. [PMID: 31880491 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1707683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism of fish morphology, physiology and behavior is diverse and complex in nature. Doublesex and mab-3 related transcription factor (Dmrt) is a large protein family whose function is sexual development and differentiation in vertebrates. Here, we report a full-length cDNA sequence of Labeo rohita (rohu) Dmrt1 of 907 bp length having 798 bp of open reading frame encoding 265 amino acids. The molecular weight of rohu DMRT1 protein was found to be 28.74 KDa and isoelectric point was 7.53. DMRT1 protein contains 23 positively and 24 negatively charged amino acids with a GRAVY score of -0.618. A characteristic DM domain was found in DMRT1 protein, which is a novel DNA-binding domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed maximum similarity with Cyprinus carpio when compared with DMRT1 of other vertebrates. Molecular docking study identified active sites to be targeted for drug designing. Rohu DMRT1 was observed to interact with other proteins such as FOXL2, CYP19a1a, AMH and SOX9a. Differential expression study revealed higher expression in testis tissue implying its role in male sex differentiation and testicular development. The information generated in the present work could facilitate further research to resolve the issues related to gonadal maturation and reproduction of commercially important aquaculture species.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - S Sahoo
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M Mohanty
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M Sankar
- ICAR-Central Marine Research Institute, Mandapam Regional Centre, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Dixit
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - P Das
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - K D Rasal
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - M A Rather
- Division of Fish genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - J K Sundaray
- Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Genome-Wide identification of doublesex and Mab-3-Related transcription factor (DMRT) genes in nile tilapia ( oreochromis niloticus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:e00398. [PMID: 31799146 PMCID: PMC6881697 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Doublesex and Mab-3-related transcription factor (DMRT) gene family is extensively known for its contribution in sex determination and differentiation across phyla. Here we report the identification of five DM (doublesex and mab-3) domain genes in the Nile tilapia which includes DMRT1, DMRTa2, DMRT2a, DMRT2b and DMRT3a. The full-length sequence of DMRT genes ranges from 3526 (DMRTA2) to 1471bp (DMRT1) which encode putative proteins series from 469 to 372 amino acids. All the DMRT proteins contained at least one conserved DNA-binding DM domain. Sub-cellular localization and gene ontology revealed DMRT1 protein is maximum localized in nuclear region and gene ontology analysis showed the molecular function of 48.2%, biological process 43.6% and cellular component 25%. Chromosomal location and synteny analysis displayed that DMRT genes mostly cluster linkage group 12. Altogether, our findings provide vital genomic information for future studies of biochemical, physiological, and phylogenetic studies on DMRT genes in teleost.
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Jeng SR, Wu GC, Yueh WS, Kuo SF, Dufour S, Chang CF. Dmrt1 (doublesex and mab-3-related transcription factor 1) expression during gonadal development and spermatogenesis in the Japanese eel. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 279:154-163. [PMID: 30902612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dmrt1, doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor-1, has been suggested to play critical roles in male gonadogenesis, testicular differentiation and development, including spermatogenesis, among different vertebrates. Vasa is a putative molecular marker of germ cells in vertebrates. In this study, we cloned the full-length dmrt1 cDNA from Japanese eel, and the protein comprised 290 amino acids and presented an extremely conserved Doublesex and Mab-3 (DM) domain. Vasa proteins were expressed in gonadal germ cells in a stage-specific manner, and were expressed at high levels in PGC and spermatogonia, low levels in spermatocytes, and were absent in spermatids and spermatozoa of Japanese eels. Dmrt1 proteins were abundantly expressed in spermatogonia B cells, spermatocytes, spermatids, but not in spermatozoa, spermatogonia A and Sertoli cells. To our knowledge, this study is the first to show a restricted expression pattern for the Dmrt1 protein in spermatogonia B cells, but not spermatogonia A cells, of teleosts. Therefore, Dmrt1 might play vital roles at the specific stages during spermatogenesis from spermatogonia B cells to spermatids in the Japanese eel. Moreover, the Dmrt1 protein exhibited a restricted localization in differentiating oogonia in the early differentiating gonad (ovary-like structure) of male Japanese eels and in E2-induced feminized Japanese eels. We proposed that dmrt1 may be not only required for spermatogenesis but might also play a role in oogenesis in the Japanese eel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Ru Jeng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Chung Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Shiun Yueh
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Kuo
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Sylvie Dufour
- Laboratory Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems (BOREA), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ching-Fong Chang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
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Yan N, Hu J, Li J, Dong J, Sun C, Ye X. Genomic organization and sexually dimorphic expression of the Dmrt1 gene in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 234:68-77. [PMID: 31078703 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Doublesex and Mab-3 related transcription factor (Dmrt) genes play important roles in the process of sex determination and differentiation. In this study, a Dmrt1 gene open reading frame sequence was obtained from the gonadal transcriptome data of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and identified by cloning and sequencing. The ORF of Dmrt1 is 900 bp long, encodes 298 amino acids, and contains the DM region which is characteristic of Dmrt1. Full gDNA sequence of Dmrt1 was composed of five exons and four introns. RT-PCR and Q-PCR analysis of Dmrt1 were conducted in eight tissues and three developmental stages of mature male and female individuals. In situ hybridization was used to locate the expression of Dmrt1 in the testis and ovary of largemouth bass. The results showed that Dmrt1 was highly expressed in the testis of mature fish, but only weakly expressed in other tissues such as heart, liver, and brain, and exhibited gender dimorphism in the gonads of male and female fish at different stages. Furthermore, the expression level in female fish was very low and decreased gradually with ovary maturation. In situ hybridization indicated positive signals were found in early oocytes, but not in mature oocytes, while strong positive signals were found in all types of mature testis cells. The study showed that the sequence and structure of Dmrt1 were highly conserved and exhibited significant gender dimorphism in largemouth bass, as in other fish species. It is suggested that Dmrt1 plays an important role in sex determination and differentiation in largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Yan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Jia Li
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Junjian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Chengfei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fisheries Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Gonadal transcriptomic analysis and identification of candidate sex-related genes in Mesocentrotus nudus. Gene 2019; 698:72-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Fernandino JI, Hattori RS. Sex determination in Neotropical fish: Implications ranging from aquaculture technology to ecological assessment. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 273:172-183. [PMID: 29990492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The high biodiversity of fish in the Neotropical region contrasts with scarce or biased studies on the mechanisms involved in the sex determination in members of this fauna. In this review, we attempted to compile the information available on determination, differentiation, and manipulation of sex for Neotropical species, with special focus on silversides and other two speciose groups, known as characins (Characiformes) and catfishes (Siluriformes). Currently, there is plenty of information available on chromosomal sex determination systems, which includes both male and female heterogamety with many variations, and sex chromosomes evolution at the macro chromosomal level. However, there is hitherto a blank in information at micro, gene/molecule levels and in research related to the effects of environmental cues on sex determination; most of reported studies are limited to silversides and guppies. In view of such a high diversity, it is critically necessary to establish key model species for relevant Neotropical fish taxa and also multi-disciplinary research groups in order to uncover the main patterns and trends that dictate the mechanisms of sex determination and gonadal differentiation in this icthyofauna. By increasing our knowledge on sex determination/differentiation with the identification of sex chromosome-linked markers or sex-determining genes, characterization of the onset timing of morphological gonadal differentiation, and determination of the environmental-hormonal labile period of gonadal sex determination in reference species, it will be possible to use those information as guidelines for application in other related groups. Overall, the strategic advance in this research field will be crucial for the development of biotechnological tools for aquaculture industry and for conservation of fish fauna from the Neotropical Region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ignacio Fernandino
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas/Universidad Nacional de San Martín (CONICET/UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina.
| | - Ricardo Shohei Hattori
- Salmonid Experimental Station at Campos do Jordão, UPD-CJ (APTA/SAA), Campos do Jordão, Brazil.
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Branco GS, Melo AG, Ricci JMB, Digmayer M, de Jesus LWO, Habibi HR, Nóbrega RH. Effects of GnRH and the dual regulatory actions of GnIH in the pituitary explants and brain slices of Astyanax altiparanae males. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 273:209-217. [PMID: 30098316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The pituitary gonadotropins, Fsh (follicle-stimulating hormone) and Lh (luteinizing hormone), regulate testicular development and functions in all vertebrates. At the pituitary, different signaling systems regulate the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropins, such as the hypothalamic neuropeptides GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone) and GnIH (gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone). While GnRH exerts stimulatory roles, the actions of GnIH remain controversial for many teleost species. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of chicken GnRH2 (cGnRH2) and zebrafish GnIH-3 (zGnIH-3) on the male gonadotropin and GnRH system expression using pituitary explants and brain slices from a neotropical species with economical and ecological relevance, Astyanax altiparanae. Our results showed that in males, cGnRH2 increased fshb and lhb mRNA levels in the pituitary explants. Interestingly, zGnIH-3 has no effect on basal gonadotropin expression, however zGnIH-3 decreased the cGnRH2-induced fshb and lhb transcripts in male pituitary explants. In the male brain slices, zGnIH-3 showed stimulatory effects, increasing gnrh2 mRNA levels. Overall, our results suggested that GnIH seems to have dual regulatory actions on gonadotropin and GnRH2 expression of A. altiparanae males. This study provided basic information on endocrine regulation of A. altiparanae reproduction, and the obtained results will expand our knowledge, improving the reproductive management of this economically important freshwater species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Souza Branco
- Aquaculture Center of São Paulo State University (CAUNESP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal Campus, Jaboticabal, Brazil; Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Aline Gomes Melo
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Juliana M B Ricci
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Melanie Digmayer
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Lázaro W O de Jesus
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas - A. C., Simões Campus, Maceió, Brazil
| | - Hamid R Habibi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Rafael Henrique Nóbrega
- Reproductive and Molecular Biology Group, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Botucatu, Brazil.
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Castro JP, Hattori RS, Yoshinaga TT, Silva DMZDA, Foresti F, Santos MH, Almeida MC, Artoni RF. Differential Expression of dmrt1 in Astyanax scabripinnis (Teleostei, Characidade) Is Correlated with B Chromosome Occurrence. Zebrafish 2018; 16:182-188. [PMID: 30562152 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2018.1650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Astyanax is an abundant fish genus in South America. Some species of this group are characterized by the presence of B chromosomes and absence of morphologically differentiated sex chromosomes. In this study, we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to characterize mRNA expression of dmrt1 in Astyanax scabripinnis gonads. Maturing gonads of males with the B chromosome overexpressed dmrt1. Our findings suggest that B chromosomes may have an adaptive role in A. scabripinnis sex determination and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Pena Castro
- 1 Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva e Genética Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Shohei Hattori
- 2 Estação Experimental de Salmonicultura de Campos do Jordão, UPD-CJ (APTA/SAA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Túlio Teruo Yoshinaga
- 3 Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Cirurgia, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fausto Foresti
- 4 Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mateus Henrique Santos
- 5 Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Mara Cristina Almeida
- 5 Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- 1 Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva e Genética Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,5 Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
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Zhang K, Xu J, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Ruan Z, Chen S, Zhu F, You X, Jia C, Meng Q, Gu R, Lin X, Xu J, Xu P, Zhang Z, Shi Q. A comparative transcriptomic study on developmental gonads provides novel insights into sex change in the protandrous black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii). Genomics 2018; 111:277-283. [PMID: 30439483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Protandrous black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) is a popular and valuable commercial marine fish in China and East Asian countries. Controlling and managing its breeding has been an imperative step towards obtaining a sustainable supply of this fish in aquaculture production systems. Therefore, study on the molecular mechanisms of sex change in black porgy has both scientific and commercial importance. Previously, we identified some candidate genes related to sex determination and differentiation from a high-quality genome assembly of the black porgy. In the present study, transcriptome sequencing of developmental gonads (including testis, ovotestis and ovary) of black porgy was performed to further investigate the sex-change mechanisms. Our results showed that the highly expressed male-related genes (dmrt1, piwi1, piwi2, sox9, sox30 and amh) at the male phase were significantly down-regulated to a substantial degree at the intersexual stage, and the female-related genes (jnk1, vasa, wnt4, figla and foxl2) were distinctly up-regulated when the fish grows into a female adult, suggesting the potential roles of these genes in sex change of the black porgy. These data also support a previous hypothesis that the femaleness will be switched on when the testis is entering the degenerated stage through the diminished dmrt1 expression. Our transcriptome data provide a very useful genomic resource for future studies on sex change and practical aquaculture in the black porgy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Animal and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China; Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Jin Xu
- Jiangsu Marine Fishery Research Institute, Nantong, Jiangsu 226007, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Jiangsu Marine Fishery Research Institute, Nantong, Jiangsu 226007, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Ruan
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Shuyin Chen
- Jiangsu Marine Fishery Research Institute, Nantong, Jiangsu 226007, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- Jiangsu Marine Fishery Research Institute, Nantong, Jiangsu 226007, China
| | - Xinxin You
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Chaofeng Jia
- Jiangsu Marine Fishery Research Institute, Nantong, Jiangsu 226007, China
| | - Qian Meng
- Jiangsu Marine Fishery Research Institute, Nantong, Jiangsu 226007, China
| | - Ruobo Gu
- BGI-Zhenjiang Institute of Hydrobiology, BGI Marine, Zhenjiang 212000, China.
| | - Xueqiang Lin
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; Hainan BGI Marine Science and Technology Co. Ltd., BGI Marine, Wenchang 571327, China.
| | - Junmin Xu
- BGI-Zhenjiang Institute of Hydrobiology, BGI Marine, Zhenjiang 212000, China; School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan.
| | - Pao Xu
- Freshwater Fishery Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214081, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Marine Fishery Research Institute, Nantong, Jiangsu 226007, China.
| | - Qiong Shi
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI-Zhenjiang Institute of Hydrobiology, BGI Marine, Zhenjiang 212000, China.
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Yan H, Shen X, Cui X, Wu Y, Wang L, Zhang L, Liu Q, Jiang Y. Identification of genes involved in gonadal sex differentiation and the dimorphic expression pattern in Takifugu rubripes gonad at the early stage of sex differentiation. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2018; 44:1275-1290. [PMID: 29777416 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-018-0519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying the expression of mRNAs in the gonads at the critical stage of molecular sex differentiation stage might help to clarify the regulatory network during early sex differentiation and provide new information on the role of sex-related genes in gonadal function. In this study, transcriptomic analysis of sex-related genes expression profiles in fugu gonads at 60 and 90 days after hatching (dah) was conducted firstly, and a total of 112,504,991 clean reads, encompassing 28.35 Gb of sequences were retrieved. Twenty-three thousand eight hundred ten genes were found to be expressed in juvenile fugu gonads, and we mainly focused on the differentially expressed genes that have the potential to be involved in the gonadal sex differentiation. For 60-dah juveniles, we identified 1014 genes that were upregulated in the ovary and 1570 that were upregulated in the testis. For 90-dah juveniles, we identified 1287 genes that were upregulated in the ovary and 1500 that were upregulated in the testis. The dimorphic expression patterns of 15 genes in gonads at 30 and 40 dah were further investigate using qPCR. Cyp11b and star were expressed at higher levels in XY than in XX, while cyp11a1 and cyp19a1a were expressed at higher levels in XX than in XY at 30 dah. At 40 dah, the levels of gsdf, dmrt1, dmrt3, cyp11c1, star, and hsd3b expression were higher in XY, while the levels of foxl2, cyp19a1a, wnt9b, and foxD4 expression were higher in XX. Sox9, cyp11a1, cyp17a1, cyp17a2, and nr5a2 were expressed at similar levels in XX and XY at 40 dah. This is the first report of gonadal transcriptome of fugu at early sex differentiation stage, and our results provide an archive for further study on molecular mechanism underlying sex differentiation in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Yan
- College of Fisheries and life Science, Dalian Ocean University, No. 52 Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xufang Shen
- College of Fisheries and life Science, Dalian Ocean University, No. 52 Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xin Cui
- College of Fisheries and life Science, Dalian Ocean University, No. 52 Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yumeng Wu
- College of Fisheries and life Science, Dalian Ocean University, No. 52 Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lianshun Wang
- College of Fisheries and life Science, Dalian Ocean University, No. 52 Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Environment Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, No. 52 Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Marine Science and Environment Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, No. 52 Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Yusheng Jiang
- College of Fisheries and life Science, Dalian Ocean University, No. 52 Heishijiao Street, Shahekou District, Dalian, 116023, China
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Jeng SR, Wu GC, Yueh WS, Kuo SF, Dufour S, Chang CF. Gonadal development and expression of sex-specific genes during sex differentiation in the Japanese eel. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 257:74-85. [PMID: 28826812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The process of gonadal development and mechanism involved in sex differentiation in eels are still unclear. The objectives were to investigate the gonadal development and expression pattern of sex-related genes during sex differentiation in the Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. For control group, the elvers of 8-10cm were reared for 8months; and for feminization, estradiol-17β (E2) was orally administered to the elvers of 8-10cm for 6months. Only males were found in the control group, suggesting a possible role of environmental factors in eel sex determination. In contrast, all differentiated eels in E2-treated group were female. Gonad histology revealed that control male eels seem to differentiate through an intersexual stage, while female eels (E2-treated) would differentiate directly from an undifferentiated gonad. Tissue distribution and sex-related genes expression during gonadal development were analyzed by qPCR. The vasa, figla and sox3 transcripts in gonads were significantly increased during sex differentiation. High vasa expression occurred in males; figla and sox3 were related to ovarian differentiation. The transcripts of dmrt1 and sox9a were significantly increased in males during testicular differentiation and development. The cyp19a1 transcripts were significantly increased in differentiating and differentiated gonads, but did not show a differential expression between the control and E2-treated eels. This suggests that cyp19a1 is involved both in testicular differentiation and development in control males, and in the early stage of ovarian differentiation in E2-treated eels. Importantly, these results also reveal that cyp19a1 is not a direct target for E2 during gonad differentiation in the eel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Ru Jeng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan.
| | - Guan-Chung Wu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Shiun Yueh
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Kuo
- Department of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan
| | - Sylvie Dufour
- Sorbonne Universités, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UNICAEN, UA, CNRS 7208, IRD 207, Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems (BOREA), 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Ching-Fong Chang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan; Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan.
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Expression and cellular localization of double sex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 in testes of postnatal Small-Tail Han sheep at different developmental stages. Gene 2017; 642:467-473. [PMID: 29174386 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Double sex and mab-3 related transcription factor 1 (Dmrt1), an evolutionarily conserved gene, is a sex-related gene expressed in male gonads, that is involved in the regulation of sex differentiation, testicular development and reproductive function maintenance. Until now, functional studies on the Dmrt1 gene in sheep (Ovis aries) have been lacking. In this study, testis, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and longissimus dorsi muscle tissues were collected from Small-Tail Han sheep at 0, 2, 5, 12 and 24months after birth (mab). Dmrt1 expression and cellular localization were detected in various testicular tissues by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry methods. The morphological structures of testicular tissues at different developmental stages were observed by hematoxylin & eosin (HE) staining. The Dmrt1 mRNA expression levels in 12 and 24 mab sheep were significantly higher than those in 0 and 2 mab sheep (P<0.05), and Dmrt1 protein expression showed a similar trend. The qRT-PCR results in various tissues at 12 mab showed that Dmrt1 mRNA was predominantly expressed in testes. Immunohistochemical staining in testes at different developmental stages showed that Dmrt1 protein immunoreactive responses were mainly localized in Sertoli cells and gonocytes at 0, 2 and 5 mab, while they were localized in spermatocytes, sperm cells and some spermatogonia and Sertoli cells at 12 and 24 mab. We speculate that the Dmrt1 gene plays a vital role in postnatal sheep spermatogenesis, perhaps by regulating the maturation and functional maintenance of Sertoli cells, the proliferation and differentiation of gonocytes in prepubertal sheep testes, and the mitosis and meiosis of germ cells in adult sheep, but the specific mechanisms underlying these phenomena must be further studied and verified. ABBREVIATIONS
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37
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Zhao C, Zhang G, Yin S, Li Z, Wang Q, Chen S, Zhou G. Integrated analysis of mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq reveals the potential roles of sex-biased miRNA-mRNA pairs in gonad tissue of dark sleeper (Odontobutis potamophila). BMC Genomics 2017; 18:613. [PMID: 28806919 PMCID: PMC5557427 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3995-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The dark sleeper (Odontobutis potamophila) is an important commercial fish species which shows a sexually dimorphic growth pattern. However, the lack of sex transcriptomic data is hindering further research and genetically selective breeding of the dark sleeper. In this study, integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA was performed on gonad tissue to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in the dark sleeper. Results A total of 143 differentially expressed miRNAs and 16,540 differentially expressed genes were identified. Of these, 8103 mRNAs and 75 miRNAs were upregulated in testes, and 8437 mRNAs and 68 miRNAs were upregulated in ovaries. Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles predicted more than 50,000 miRNA-mRNA interaction sites, and among them 27,583 negative miRNA-mRNA interactions. A number of sex related genes were targeted by sex-biased miRNAs. The relationship between 15 sex-biased genes and 15 sex-biased miRNAs verified by using qRT-PCR were described. Additionally, a number of SNPs were revealed through the transcriptome data. Conclusions The overall results of this study facilitate our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying sex determination and differentiation and provide valuable genomic information for selective breeding of the dark sleeper. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3995-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China
| | - Guosong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China
| | - Shaowu Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China. .,Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China.
| | - Zecheng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China
| | - Qintao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, China
| | - Shuqiao Chen
- Nanjing Institute of Fisheries Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210036, China
| | - Guoqin Zhou
- Nanjing Institute of Fisheries Science, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210036, China
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38
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de Jesus LWO, Bogerd J, Vieceli FM, Branco GS, Camargo MP, Cassel M, Moreira RG, Yan CYI, Borella MI. Gonadotropin subunits of the characiform Astyanax altiparanae: Molecular characterization, spatiotemporal expression and their possible role on female reproductive dysfunction in captivity. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 246:150-163. [PMID: 27940043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To better understand the endocrine control of reproduction in Characiformes and the reproductive dysfunctions that commonly occur in migratory fish of this order when kept in captivity, we chose Astyanax altiparanae, which has asynchronous ovarian development and multiple spawning events, as model species. From A. altiparanae pituitary total RNA, we cloned the full-length cDNAs coding for the follicle-stimulating hormone β subunit (fshb), the luteinizing hormone β subunit (lhb), and the common gonadotropin α subunit (gpha). All three sequences showed the highest degree of amino acid identity with other homologous sequences from Siluriformes and Cypriniformes. Real-time, quantitative PCR analysis showed that gpha, fshb and lhb mRNAs were restricted to the pituitary gland. In situ hybridization and immunofluorescence, using specific-developed and characterized polyclonal antibodies, revealed that both gonadotropin β subunits mRNAs/proteins are expressed by distinct populations of gonadotropic cells in the proximal pars distalis. No marked variations for lhb transcripts levels were detected during the reproductive cycle, and 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one plasma levels were also constant, suggesting that the reproductive dysfunction seen in A. altiparanae females in captivity are probably due to a lack of increase of Lh synthesis during spawning season. In contrast, fshb transcripts changed significantly during the reproductive cycle, although estradiol-17β (E2) levels remained constant during the experiment, possibly due to a differential regulation of E2 synthesis. Taken together, these data demonstrate the putative involvement of gonadotropin signaling on the impairment of the reproductive function in a migratory species when kept in captivity. Future experimental studies must be carried to clarify this hypothesis. All these data open the possibility for further basic and applied studies related to reproduction in this fish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lázaro Wender O de Jesus
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jan Bogerd
- Reproductive Biology Group, Division Developmental Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Utrecht University, Hugo R. Kruyt Building, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Felipe M Vieceli
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovana S Branco
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marília P Camargo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica Cassel
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata G Moreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, n.321, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Chao Y I Yan
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria I Borella
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 1524, 05508-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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39
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Otake S, Park MK. Expressional changes of AMH signaling system in the quail testis induced by photoperiod. Reproduction 2016; 152:575-589. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-16-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gonadal sex differentiation proceeds by the interplay of various genes including the transcription factors and secretory factors in a complex network. The sex-differentiating genes are expressed not only during early sex differentiation but also throughout the gonadal development and even in the adult gonads. In addition, the evidence that they actually function in the adult gonads have been accumulated from the studies using the conditional knockout mice. However, many previous studies were focused on one single gene though those genes function in a network. In this study, the expressions of various sex-differentiating genes were analyzed simultaneously in the adult testis of the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), whose testicular functions are dramatically changed by altering the photoperiod, to elucidate the roles of them in the adult gonad. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) was significantly upregulated in the regressed testis induced by the short-day condition. The expressions of the transcription factors that promoteAMHexpression in mammals (SF1,SOX9,WT1andGATA4) were also increased in the regressed testis. Moreover, AMH receptor (AMHR2) showed similar expression pattern to its ligand. We also analyzed the expressions of other transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) superfamily members and their receptors. The expressions of the ligands and receptors of TGFB family, and follistatin and betaglycan in addition to inhibin subunits were increased in the regressed testis. These results suggest that AMH is involved in the adult testicular functions of the Japanese quail together with other TGFB superfamily members.
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Kaneko H, Ijiri S, Kobayashi T, Izumi H, Kuramochi Y, Wang DS, Mizuno S, Nagahama Y. Gonadal soma-derived factor (gsdf), a TGF-beta superfamily gene, induces testis differentiation in the teleost fish Oreochromis niloticus. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 415:87-99. [PMID: 26265450 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is a gonochoristic teleost fish with an XX/XY genetic system and is an excellent model for gonadal sex differentiation. In the present study, we screened novel genes that were expressed predominantly in either XY or XX undifferentiated gonads during the critical period for differentiation of gonads into ovaries or testes using microarray screening. We focused on one of the isolated 12 candidate genes, #9475, which was an ortholog of gsdf (gonadal soma-derived factor), a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily. #9475/gsdf showed sexual dimorphism in expression in XY gonads before any other testis differentiation-related genes identified in this species thus far. We also overexpressed the #9475/gsdf gene in XX tilapia, and XX tilapia bearing the #9475/gsdf gene showed normal testis development, which suggests that #9475/gsdf plays an important role in male determination and/or differentiation in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyo Kaneko
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; SORST, Japan Science Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Shigeho Ijiri
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; SORST, Japan Science Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; Division of Marine Life Science, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Tohru Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Reproductive Biology, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Hikari Izumi
- Division of Marine Life Science, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kuramochi
- Division of Marine Life Science, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - De-Shou Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; SORST, Japan Science Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Shouta Mizuno
- Division of Marine Life Science, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Nagahama
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan; SORST, Japan Science Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan; South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan.
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Wen A, You F, Sun P, Li J, Xu D, Wu Z, Ma D, Zou Y, Tan X, Fan Z, Zhang P. Sexually dimorphic gene expression patterns during gonadal differentiation in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. ANIM BIOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1163/15707563-00002470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to elucidate the different expression patterns and possible roles of Doublesex and Mab-3-related transcription factor 1 (dmrt1), dmrt4, SRY-related transcription factor 9 (sox9) and cytochrome P450 aromatase 19a (cyp19a) during gonadal differentiation in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. We first analyzed the gene expression patterns in tissues using RT-PCR, which indicated dmrt1, sox9 and cyp19a were sex-related genes with sexual dimorphic expression. The quantitative expression changes of these three genes together with dmrt4 during gonadal differentiation were further examined using real-time RT-PCR. The results showed that dmrt1 was scarcely expressed in the primitive gonad and during following periods of gonadal differentiation. Its expression increased rapidly in the differentiating testis. Dmrt4 was strongly expressed in primitive gonads and much less expressed during following periods of gonadal differentiation. Its expression became strong in differentiating testes. While sox9 was highly expressed in the primitive gonad, it was expressed with fluctuations during following periods of gonadal differentiation. Cyp19a started expressing in primitive gonads, and its expression quantity fluctuated during latter periods of gonadal differentiation, but was strongly expressed in the early stage of differentiating ovaries. Results of in situ hybridization showed that dmrt4 and sox9 transcripts were both mainly localized in spermatocytes and our results suggested these four sex-related genes might be involved in gonadal differentiation through their synergistic effects in flounder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyun Wen
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
- 2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng You
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Sun
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Deyou Ma
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxia Zou
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xungang Tan
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaofei Fan
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peijun Zhang
- 1Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People’s Republic of China
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