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Zhang Y, Zhang YJ, Qian Y, Meng Z, Ying X. Correlates of Exercise Behavior Based on Socio-Ecological Theoretical Model among Chinese Urban Adults: An Empirical Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:831. [PMID: 39336046 PMCID: PMC11429280 DOI: 10.3390/bs14090831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the correlates of exercise behavior is essential to combating physical inactivity as a public health concern. The purpose of this study is to identify the correlates of physical activity among urban Chinese adults under the social-ecological theoretical model in order to facilitate targeted interventions to promote physical activity. METHODS Using the socio-ecological model, we conducted a questionnaire survey among 1459 urban residents in Zhejiang and Shaanxi provinces of China, collecting data on individual demographic factors, sociological factors, environmental perception, and exercise behavior. Binary logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationships between exercise behavior and socio-ecological factors. RESULTS Male gender (p < 0.01), advanced age (p < 0.001), higher education level (p < 0.05), living independently from parents (p < 0.05), absence of childcare responsibilities (p < 0.01), residence in a county/prefecture-level city (p < 0.001), favorable neighborhood esthetics (p < 0.001), available greenways/parks (p < 0.001), and family support for exercise participation (p < 0.05) were significantly correlated with an increased likelihood of participating in physical activity. Male gender (p < 0.001), advanced age (p < 0.001), absence of childcare responsibilities (p < 0.05), good neighborhood vegetation (p < 0.01), availability of free neighborhood exercise facilities (p < 0.05), and support from friends for exercise participation (p < 0.01) were significantly correlated with an increased likelihood of engaging in physical activity for more than 150 min per week. BMI, community air quality, traffic safety, public safety, and level of social development were not major correlates. CONCLUSIONS To promote exercise behavior, more attention should be paid to individuals who are female, young, have lower levels of education, bear childcare responsibilities, or reside in provincial capitals in China. Improving the habitat environment and providing convenient and affordable facilities should also be considered. Furthermore, support from family and friends can positively reinforce exercise behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Ya-Jun Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yongdong Qian
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Zhaofeng Meng
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xiaofang Ying
- School of Business, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
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Michel S, Banwell N, Senn N. Mobility Infrastructures and Health: Scoping Review of studies in Europe. Public Health Rev 2024; 45:1606862. [PMID: 38841179 PMCID: PMC11150585 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2024.1606862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Movement-friendly environments with infrastructure favouring active mobility are important for promoting physical activity. This scoping literature review aims at identifying the current evidence for links between mobility infrastructures and (a) behaviour regarding active mobility, (b) health outcomes and (c) co-benefits. Method This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA scoping review guidelines using PubMed and EMBASE databases. Studies included in this review were conducted in Europe, and published between 2000 and March 2023. Results 146 scientific articles and grey literature reports were identified. Connectivity of sidewalks, walkability, and accessibility of shops, services and work are associated with walking. Cycling is positively associated with cycle-paths, separation of cycling from traffic and proximity to greenspaces, and negatively associated with traffic danger. Increased active transportation has a protective effect on cardiovascular and respiratory health, obesity, fitness, and quality of life. Co-benefits result from the reduction of individual motorized transportation including reduced environmental pollution and projected healthcare expenditure. Conclusion Mobility infrastructure combined with social and educational incentives are effective in promoting active travel and reducing future healthcare expenses. A shift to active transportation would increase both individual and community health and decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Michel
- Department of Family Medicine, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Banwell
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Ethics (CIRE), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Senn
- Department of Family Medicine, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Prochnow T, Curran LS, Amo C, Patterson MS. Bridging the Built and Social Environments: A Systematic Review of Studies Investigating Influences on Physical Activity. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:438-459. [PMID: 36997160 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this review was to examine articles assessing aspects of the built and social environment simultaneously, and how these environments influence physical activity (PA). A thorough review of studies is needed to identify patterns across studies and gaps for future research and practice. METHODS To be included, articles needed to contain: (1) self-report or objective measure of PA; (2) a measure of the built environment; (3) a measure of the social environment; and (4) an analysis between built environment, social environment, and PA. A systematic literature search of 4358 articles resulted in 87 articles. RESULTS Several populations were present within the sample including various age groups and different countries. As previously established, the built environment and social environment were consistently associated with PA; however, mediating factors between these 2 layers were less clear. Further, there was a lack of longitudinal and experimental study designs. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest a need for longitudinal and experimental designs with validated and granular measures. As communities recover from the COVID-19 pandemic, a thorough understanding of how built environment factors enhance or detract from social connectedness and how this reciprocal relationship impacts PA behavior is needed for future policy, environment, and systematic change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Prochnow
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,USA
| | - Laurel S Curran
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,USA
| | - Christina Amo
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,USA
| | - Meg S Patterson
- Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX,USA
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Pelletier C, White N, Duchesne A, Sluggett L. Rural-urban differences in individual and environmental correlates of physical activity in Canadian Adults. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102061. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Aduroja PE, John-Akinola YO, Oluwasanu MM, Oladepo O. Prevalence of physical activity and dietary patterns as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among semi-urban dwellers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 2022; 22:336-348. [PMID: 36910392 PMCID: PMC9993249 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v22i3.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity and unhealthy diet are leading risk factors for cardiovascular diseases globally. Limited studies have assessed the prevalence of these risk factors in community-based settings in Nigeria. Objectives This study assessed the prevalence of physical activity and the dietary pattern of residents in selected semi-urban communities in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods This was a cross-sectional study carried out among 500 randomly selected residents from two semi-urban communities. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select households and participants. Data were collected using a pretested modified version of the WHO STEPS instrument. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were determined at 5% level of significance. Results The mean age was 35.36 ± 12.24 and a mean household size of 4.07 ± 1.85. Majority (87.2%) of the respondents engaged in low physical activity (< 150-300 min/wk). Consumption of fruits and vegetables was low among respondents at 33% and 36.4% respectively. The employment status of respondents was significantly related to expected workplace physical activity level (χ2=11.27; P=0.024). Conclusions This study highlights the need for the development and implementation of community-driven, multi-layered public health promotion initiatives across different settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Posi Emmanuel Aduroja
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Yetunde Olufisayo John-Akinola
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mojisola Morenike Oluwasanu
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oladimeji Oladepo
- Department of Health Promotion and Education, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria
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Hielscher-Zdzieblik B, Froboese I, Serpell J, Gansloßer U. Impact of Dog's Age and Breed on Dog Owner's Physical Activity: A German Longitudinal Study. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:1314. [PMID: 35625158 PMCID: PMC9137655 DOI: 10.3390/ani12101314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dog ownership contributes positively to physical activity (PA). The impact of different dog breeds and age on PA is less investigated in longitudinal studies. This study aimed to evaluate PA changes in dog owners as their dogs' ages increased and to explore whether there are differences in PA between owners of different breeds over a three-year period. Owners of different dog breeds were categorized into nine groups according to the perceived energy level and size of the breed. PA was monitored using an online questionnaire for three consecutive years. Linear mixed models (LMM) showed a small, but significant decrease in total PA, leisure time walking, dog-related PA and dog walking over three years. No decreases were found if only participants who attended at all time points were included. In all LMM analyses, a significant relationship between the dog breed and the outcomes of PA were shown. At baseline, dog owners performed different types of activities depending on their dog breed. In conclusion, owners of different dog breeds differ in their types of PA. The study emphasizes that age, size and energy level of the dog does not per se have an impact on dog owners PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Hielscher-Zdzieblik
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany;
- Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Research with Phyletic Museum, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Ingo Froboese
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany;
| | - James Serpell
- Department of Clinical Studies VHUP, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Udo Gansloßer
- Institute of Zoology and Evolutionary Research with Phyletic Museum, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
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Wohlgemut JM, Ramsay G, Bekheit M, Scott NW, Watson AJM, Jansen JO. Emergency general surgery: impact of distance and rurality on mortality. BJS Open 2022; 6:6573396. [PMID: 35466374 PMCID: PMC9035437 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is debate about whether the distance from hospital, or rurality, impacts outcomes in patients admitted under emergency general surgery (EGS). The aim of this study was to determine whether distance from hospital, or rurality, affects the mortality of emergency surgical patients admitted in Scotland. METHODS This was a retrospective population-level cohort study, including all EGS patients in Scotland aged 16 years or older admitted between 1998 and 2018. A multiple logistic regression model was created with inpatient mortality as the dependent variable, and distance from hospital (in quartiles) as the independent variable of interest, adjusting for age, sex, co-morbidity, deprivation, admission origin, diagnosis category, operative category, and year of admission. A second multiple logistic regression model was created with a six-fold Scottish Urban Rural Classification (SURC) as the independent variable of interest. Subgroup analyses evaluated patients who required operations, emergency laparotomy, and inter-hospital transfer. RESULTS Data included 1 572 196 EGS admissions. Those living in the farthest distance quartile from hospital had lower odds of mortality than those in the closest quartile (OR 0.829, 95 per cent c.i. 0.798 to 0.861). Patients from the most rural areas (SURC 6) had higher odds of survival than those from the most urban (SURC 1) areas (OR 0.800, 95 per cent c.i. 0.755 to 0.848). Subgroup analysis showed that these effects were not observed for patients who required emergency laparotomy or transfer. CONCLUSION EGS patients who live some distance from a hospital, or in rural areas, have lower odds of mortality, after adjusting for multiple covariates. Rural and distant patients undergoing emergency laparotomy have no survival advantage, and transferred patients have higher mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared M. Wohlgemut
- Centre for Trauma Sciences, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - George Ramsay
- General Surgical Department, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK,Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Mohamed Bekheit
- General Surgical Department, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, UK,Department of Surgery, Elkabbary Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Neil W. Scott
- Medical Statistics Team, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Jan O. Jansen
- Correspondence to: Jan O. Jansen, Division of Trauma & Acute Care Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1922 7th Avenue South, KB 120, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA (e-mail: )
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Physical Activity and Cumulative Long-Term Care Cost among Older Japanese Adults: A Prospective Study in JAGES. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18095004. [PMID: 34065052 PMCID: PMC8125926 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18095004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of physical activity on the cumulative cost of long-term care insurance (LTCI) services in a cohort of community-dwelling people (65 years and older) in Japan. Using cohort data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) on those who were functionally independent as of 2010/11, we examined differences in the cumulative cost of LTCI services by physical activity. We followed 38,875 participants with LTCI service costs for 59 months. Physical activity was assessed by the frequency of going out and time spent walking. We adopted a generalized linear model with gamma distribution and log-link function, and a classical linear regression with multiple imputation. The cumulative LTCI costs significantly decreased with the frequency of going out and the time spent walking after adjustment for baseline covariates. LTCI's cumulative cost for those who went out once a week or less was USD 600 higher than those who went out almost daily. Furthermore, costs for those who walked for less than 30 min were USD 900 higher than those who walked for more than 60 min. Physical activity among older individuals can reduce LTCI costs, which could provide a rationale for expenditure intervention programs that promote physical activity.
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Mitáš J, Cerin E, Reis RS, Conway TL, Cain KL, Adams MA, Schofield G, Sarmiento OL, Christiansen LB, Davey R, Salvo D, Orzanco-Garralda R, Macfarlane D, Hino AAF, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Owen N, Van Dyck D, Sallis JF. Do associations of sex, age and education with transport and leisure-time physical activity differ across 17 cities in 12 countries? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:121. [PMID: 31796070 PMCID: PMC6888920 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leisure-time and transport activity domains are studied most often because they are considered more amenable to intervention, but to date evidence on these domains is limited. The aim of the present study was to examine patterns of socio-demographic correlates of adults' leisure-time and transport physical activity and how these associations varied across 17 cities in 12 countries. METHODS Participants (N = 13,745) aged 18-66 years in the IPEN Adult study and with complete data on socio-demographic and self-reported physical activity characteristics were included. Participants reported frequency and duration of leisure-time and transport activities in the last 7 days using the self-administered International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form. Six physical activity outcomes were examined in relation with age, education, and sex, and analyses explored variations by city and curvilinear associations. RESULTS Sex had the most consistent results, with five of six physical activity outcomes showing females were less active than males. Age had the most complex associations with self-report transport and leisure-time physical activity. Compared to older people, younger adults were less likely to engage in transport physical activity, but among those who did, younger people were likely to engage in more active minutes. Curvilinear associations were found between age and all three leisure-time physical activity outcomes, with the youngest and the oldest being more active. Positive associations with education were found for leisure-time physical activity only. There were significant interactions of city with sex and education for multiple physical activity outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Although socio-demographic correlates of physical activity are widely studied, the present results provide new information. City-specific findings suggest there will be value in conducting more detailed case studies. The curvilinear associations of age with leisure-time physical activity as well as significant interactions of leisure-time activity with sex and education should be further investigated. The findings of lower leisure-time physical activity among females as well as people with low education suggest that greater and continued efforts in physical activity policies and programs tailored to these high-risk groups are needed internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Mitáš
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rodrigo Siqueira Reis
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Urban Management Graduate Program, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Terry L Conway
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marc A Adams
- Global Institute of Sustainability, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Grant Schofield
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Lars B Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rachel Davey
- Health Research Unit, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Deborah Salvo
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Duncan Macfarlane
- Centre for Sports and Exercise, University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Adriano Akira F Hino
- Health Technology Graduate Program, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
- Research Foundation Flanders, Brussels, Belgium
| | - James F Sallis
- Mary Mackillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Brainard J, Cooke R, Lane K, Salter C. Age, sex and other correlates with active travel walking and cycling in England: Analysis of responses to the Active Lives Survey 2016/17. Prev Med 2019; 123:225-231. [PMID: 30936000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Active travel (walking or cycling for transport) can generate personal and environmental benefits. We determined the frequency of participation in walking or cycling active travel by age and sex, as well as used multivariate analysis to find correlations with many other factors using a large cross-sectional 2016/17 survey of people living in England. Walking and cycling active travel were explored separately. Most respondents reported no active travel, but at least 25% of people under age 45 met activity recommendations only from active travel. Otherwise, (unlike other types of physical activity) active travel declined consistently with increased age. Men reported much more cycling active travel than women, who were more likely to do any active travel walking and therefore more likely to meet activity guidelines from just active travel walking. Lower levels of disability, fewer children in household, and working full time increased active travel. Season was sometimes relevant. BMI, personal-effectiveness, deprivation and rurality had mixed relationships with types of active travel. Understanding differences in correlates for cycling vs. walking active travel could help tailor local promotion programmes for each. The analysis suggests that motivators and barriers for active travel greatly by age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julii Brainard
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
| | - Rachel Cooke
- Active Norfolk, Easton & Otley College, Norwich NR9 5DX, UK
| | - Kathleen Lane
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Charlotte Salter
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
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The place of living, school and family influence on the pattern of physical activity and sedentary behavior of adolescents: a cross sectional study. CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCES AND MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.18276/cej.2019.3-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Lee EY, Lee S, Choi BY. Association between objectively measured built environments and adult physical activity in Gyeonggi province, Korea. Int J Public Health 2018; 63:1109-1121. [PMID: 29961108 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-018-1138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the present study, the association between objectively measured built environments and physical activity (PA) was examined. METHODS Data were obtained from the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS). A total of 82,419 individuals living in 546 neighborhoods of Gyeonggi province were analyzed. Built environments were measured by geographic information systems (GIS) using Korean government databases. PA was assessed using the IPAQ-short form. Multilevel logistic regression was performed. RESULTS Living in a community with a short distance to parks was associated with a 42% increased odds of PA; living in a community with low population density was associated with a 21% decreased odds of PA. However, most variations in PA were attributed to individual factors. Additionally, gender-specific correlates associated with PA were observed. CONCLUSIONS Although the associations of individual factors with PA were stronger than of community factors, notably, built environments influenced most people in a community. Therefore, along with health education and service, policy makers and planners should consider more parks in less populated areas to create a supportive environment for PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Lee
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimin-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugie Lee
- Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Youl Choi
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimin-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Gaskin CJ, Orellana L. Factors Associated with Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults from Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15050908. [PMID: 29751561 PMCID: PMC5981947 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Rising life expectancy in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), coupled with the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases, accentuates the importance of generating information to support public health strategies. With this aim in mind, the purpose of this study was to identify correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior in LMIC. We analyzed Wave 1 data (collected 2007–2010) from the World Health Organization’s longitudinal Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE), which focuses on nationally representative samples of adults aged 50 years and older from six countries (China, n = 13,157; India, n = 6560; Mexico, n = 2301; Russian Federation, n = 3763; South Africa, n = 3836; and Ghana, n = 4305). Associations of physical activity (operationalized as meeting physical activity guidelines of ≥150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity or not) and sedentary behavior (≥4 h/day versus <4 h/day) with demographic, health and health risk, functional, interpersonal, and environmental factors were assessed using multivariate logistic models. Across the six countries, we found fairly consistent and reasonably strong associations between both physical activity and sedentary behavior and several demographic factors (age and employment, in particular), self-reported health, instrumental activities of daily living, factors relating to socializing, and household location. Correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior in LMIC appear to be similar to those found in high-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cadeyrn J Gaskin
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia.
| | - Liliana Orellana
- Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia.
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Kim B, Hyun HS. Associations between Social and Physical Environments, and Physical Activity in Adults from Urban and Rural Regions. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018; 9:16-24. [PMID: 29503801 PMCID: PMC5831682 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigates investigated the relationship between social and physical environments, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) amongst adults in both rural and urban areas within Korea. Methods A sample of 128,735 adults from the 2013 Community Health Survey (CHS) was analyzed using a multilevel logistic analysis. Results Urban residents with higher satisfaction in public transportation satisfaction and rural residents with more access to sports parks, hiking trails, and bike cycle paths were more likely to be active. The MVPA of adults from rural areas correlated urban adults was uncorrelatedwith neighborhood factors, but that of rural adults was whereas no correlations were observed in adults from urban areas. Conclusion These differences should be considered when developing interventions strategies to enhance adult physical activity in different communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bongjeong Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hye Sun Hyun
- Department of Nursing, Sangmyung University, Cheonan, Korea
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Kaleta D, Kalucka S, Szatko F, Makowiec-Dąbrowska T. Prevalence and Correlates of Physical Inactivity during Leisure-Time and Commuting among Beneficiaries of Government Welfare Assistance in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14101126. [PMID: 28954440 PMCID: PMC5664627 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14101126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) has well-documented health benefits helping to prevent development of non-communicable diseases. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence and factors associated with physical inactivity during leisure-time (LTPA) and commuting (CPA) among adult social assistance beneficiaries in Piotrkowski district. The studied sample consisted of 1817 respondents. Over 73% of the study population did not meet the recommended levels of LTPA. Fifty two % of the respondents had none leisure-time physical activity and 21.5% exercised occasionally. Main reasons for not taking up LTPA included: high general physical activity (36.4%), lack of time (28.1%), no willingness to exercise (25.4%). Close to 82% of the surveyed population did not practice commuting physical activity (CPA). The men had higher risk for inactivity during LTPA compared to the women (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.11–1.65; p ≤ 0.05). Higher odds of CPA inactivity were associated with unemployment, moderate and heavy drinking and having a number of health problems. The prevalence of physical inactivity among the social assistance recipients is much higher than it is in the general population. Promotion of an active lifestyle should take into consideration substantial differences between the general population and disadvantaged individuals and their various needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kaleta
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Kalucka
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Franciszek Szatko
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska
- Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland.
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16
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Kim J, Lee HY, Lee EY. Association between built environment and moderate to vigorous physical activity in Korean adults: a multilevel analysis. J Public Health (Oxf) 2017; 39:227-240. [PMID: 27026688 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdw025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research on the association between the built environment and moderate and vigorous physical activities (MVPA) is still evolving. Therefore, more evidence is needed. This study examines the relationship between built environment and MVPA in Korean adults. Methods A large sample of 204 324 adults from the 2012 Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) was analyzed. MVPA was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Individual correlates from the KCHS and community built environment data from the Korean government were collected. A multilevel logistic regression was performed using the GLIMMIX procedure. Results Residents in cities (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.60-0.93) and districts (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.94) were less likely to engage in MVPA than residents in counties. While residents in communities with the least amount of physical equipment were less likely to participate in MVPA (OR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.57-0.90), residents in communities with the second smallest area of open space for PA were more likely to be active (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.07-1.77). The effect of built environment on MVPA was significant but relatively weak in comparison to the influence of individual correlates. Conclusions To improve MVPA in adults, a community built environment should be considered along with individual correlates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimee Kim
- Department of Nursing, Dongnam Health University, Suwon 440-714, Korea
| | - Hye-Young Lee
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
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Chen C, Tsai LT, Lin CF, Huang CC, Chang YT, Chen RY, Lyu SY. Factors influencing interest in recreational sports participation and its rural-urban disparity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178052. [PMID: 28542455 PMCID: PMC5444777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Recreational sports are important leisure activities. However, most studies investigating barrier factors and motivation for participation in recreational sports have been limited to specific areas (e.g., a city or school) or demographic groups (e.g., adolescents). Therefore, this study set out to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the behavioral and socioeconomic factors influencing interest in recreational sports participation in Taiwan, as well as to evaluate the effect of any urban-rural divide. Methods This study analyzed data collected by the “Taiwan Social Change Survey” (program five, wave 3) “Leisure Life” questionnaire. We used hierarchical linear modeling to assess respondent interest in recreational sports participation and evaluated the influence of behavioral factors, socioeconomic factors, and residence location (urban/rural). Results Of the 2,146 participants in this study, 50.3% were male, and the average age was 43.9 years. Location of residence (urban/rural) accounted for 35.3% of the variation in interest in recreational sports participation, while the remaining 64.7% came from the individual level. Participants who lived in rural settings were less interested in recreational sports than their urban counterparts. Gender, educational attainment, participation frequency, health-motivated interest, and appearance-motivated interest were also associated with interest in recreational sports participation. Conclusions Different communication strategies may be needed to effectively reach different demographic groups. We suggest that future public health campaigns aiming to increase recreational sports participation include tailored interventions and messages to effectively encourage leisure physical activities among all, regardless of demographic boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiehfeng Chen
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Ting Tsai
- Taiwan Marine Education Center, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Lin
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung City, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ching Huang
- Department of Exercise and Health Science, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Chang
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Yu Chen
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (RYC); (SYL)
| | - Shu-Yu Lyu
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (RYC); (SYL)
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18
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Biernat E, Bartkiewicz P, Buchholtz S. Are Structural Changes in Polish Rural Areas Fostering Leisure-Time Physical Activity? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14040372. [PMID: 28368322 PMCID: PMC5409573 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14040372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: In this study, we analyze the determinants of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) of farmers and non-farmers living in rural areas. Methods: We use statistical analysis to describe urban and rural populations, as well as econometric techniques (Heckman regressions and propensity score matching) to assess the role of rural lifestyle in physical activity. Results: World Health Organization (WHO) pro-health PA (physical activity) recommendations are not met by 66% of farmers and 49% of other dwellers in rural areas. Approximately two thirds of them are completely inactive. Farmers enjoy vigorous PA (VPA), cycling and recreational walking less than their non-farming counterparts and are 46% less likely to be active than them; however the difference disappears when they take up an activity. The amount of PA is negatively correlated with age, but tends to increase for older people compared to those in middle age. Women are 6%–7% less active than men, yet the odds of being active at all are higher for women than for men. Household size is negatively correlated with LTPA. Conclusion: Considering the structural changes, rural area dwellers, especially farmers, require public intervention aimed at increasing their awareness of the advantages of LTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Biernat
- Collegium of World Economy, Warsaw School of Economics, al. Niepodległości 162, 02-554 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Piotr Bartkiewicz
- Collegium of Economic Analysis, Warsaw School of Economics, al. Niepodległości 162, 02-554 Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Sonia Buchholtz
- Collegium of Economic Analysis, Warsaw School of Economics, al. Niepodległości 162, 02-554 Warszawa, Poland.
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19
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Morseth B, Jacobsen BK, Emaus N, Wilsgaard T, Jørgensen L. Secular trends and correlates of physical activity: The Tromsø Study 1979-2008. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1215. [PMID: 27912742 PMCID: PMC5135806 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim was to describe secular trends in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and work related physical activity (WPA) from 1979 to 2008. Additionally, we explored potential cross-sectional and longitudinal correlates of LTPA and WPA. Methods Data are collected from 34,898 individuals (49.7% men) aged >20 years who participated in at least one Tromsø Study survey between 1979 and 2008. In each survey, the participants completed a self-administered questionnaire and underwent physical examinations. LTPA and WPA were assessed by the validated “Saltin-Grimby” 4-scale questions. Potential correlates of LTPA and WPA (sex, age, body mass index (BMI), education, smoking, self-reported cardiovascular disease, self-perceived health, and employment status) were tested using ordinal logistic regression. Results The age-adjusted prevalence of participants being inactive in leisure time remained relatively stable around 20% from 1979 to 2008 (range 19.9–23.6%). The age-adjusted prevalence of moderate-vigorous LTPA decreased from 23.2% in 1979–80 to 16.0% in 2001, thereafter the prevalence increased to 24.3% in 2007–08 (P <0.05). The age-adjusted prevalence of being mostly sedentary at work increased gradually from 35.5% in 1979–80 to 53.4% in 2007–08 (P <0.05). Sex, age, education, and smoking were identified as cross-sectional correlates of LTPA and WPA (P <0.05). Men had higher odds of engaging in LTPA than women (adjusted OR 1.52 [95% CI 1.39–1.67] in 2007–08), whereas the association between sex and WPA shifted over time. High education level, not being a smoker, and high WPA were associated with high LTPA, whereas low education level, being a smoker, and high levels of LTPA were associated with high WPA (P <0.05). In general, odds of engaging in LTPA and WPA decreased with age (P <0.05). Individuals with healthy BMI had higher odds of being in a higher LTPA level than those who were underweight and obese (P <0.05). Longitudinal analyses identified sex, age, education, smoking, WPA, and LTPA measured in 1979–80 as determinants of LTPA in 2007–08. Conclusions In Norwegian adults, the proportion of sedentary WPA increased from 1979 to 2008, whereas the proportion of inactive LTPA remained stable. Being female, older, smoker, obese or underweight, and low education level were associated with low LTPA levels. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3886-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Morseth
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. .,School of Sport Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. .,Centre for Clinical Research and Education, University Hospital of North Norway Trust, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Bjarne K Jacobsen
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nina Emaus
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lone Jørgensen
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Therapeutic Services, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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20
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Al-Baho AK, Al-Naar A, Al-Shuaib H, Panicker JK, Gaber S. Levels of Physical Activity among Kuwaiti Adults and Perceived Barriers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2174/1874944501609010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Regular Physical activity is associated with many positive health outcomes related to prevention and control of obesity and non-communicable diseases which have a high prevalence in Kuwait. The aim of our study was to investigate the level of physical activity among Kuwaiti adults and interfering barriers.
Methods:
A cross sectional randomized study was used to collect data about physical activity level among 858 Kuwaiti adults using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Arabic version and perceived barriers to physical activity were investigated using an ecological framework. Regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of physical activity among participants.
Results:
The results revealed that 19.13% of the sample did not perform any physical activity and 38.1% had low physical activity level, with no significant difference between males and females. The most common perceived barriers were hot weather (75.9%), work duties (71.21%), laziness (44.3%), lack of time (38.6%), family responsibilities (36.1%) and chronic diseases (33.33%).
Conclusion:
The level of physical activity among Kuwaiti adults was found to be low. This could be a reason for high levels of obesity in Kuwait. A comprehensive health promotion program including environmental and social modifications in addition to health education is suggested to improve physical activity among Kuwaiti adults.
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21
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Mäki-Opas TE, Borodulin K, Valkeinen H, Stenholm S, Kunst AE, Abel T, Härkänen T, Kopperoinen L, Itkonen P, Prättälä R, Karvonen S, Koskinen S. The contribution of travel-related urban zones, cycling and pedestrian networks and green space to commuting physical activity among adults - a cross-sectional population-based study using geographical information systems. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:760. [PMID: 27516181 PMCID: PMC4982435 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current political agenda aims to promote active environments and physical activity while commuting to work, but research on it has provided mixed results. This study examines whether the proximity of green space and people's residence in different travel-related urban zones contributes to commuting physical activity. METHODS Population-based cross-sectional health examination survey, Health 2011 study, and geographical information system (GIS) data were utilized. The GIS data on green space and travel-related urban zones were linked to the individuals of the Health 2011 study, based on their home geocoordinates. Commuting physical activity was self-reported. Logistic regression models were applied, and age, gender, education, leisure-time and occupational physical activity were adjusted. Analyses were limited to those of working age, living in the core-urban areas of Finland and having completed information on commuting physical activity (n = 2 098). RESULTS Home location in a pedestrian zone of a main centre (odds ratio = 1.63; 95 % confidence interval = 1.06-2.51) or a pedestrian zone of a sub-centre (2.03; 1.09-3.80) and higher proportion of cycling and pedestrian networks (3.28; 1.71-6.31) contributed to higher levels of commuting physical activity. The contribution remained after adjusting for all the environmental attributes and individuals. Based on interaction analyses, women living in a public transport zone were almost two times more likely to be physically active while commuting compared to men. A high proportion of recreational green space contributed negatively to the levels of commuting physical activity (0.73; 0.57-0.94) after adjusting for several background factors. Based on interaction analyses, individuals aged from 44 to 54 years and living in sub-centres, men living in pedestrian zones of sub-centres, and those individuals who are physically inactive during leisure-time were less likely to be physically active while commuting. CONCLUSIONS Good pedestrian and cycling infrastructure may play an important role in promoting commuting physical activity among the employed population, regardless of educational background, leisure-time and occupational physical activity. Close proximity to green space and a high proportion of green space near the home may not be sufficient to initiate commuting physical activity in Finland, where homes surrounded by green areas are often situated in car-oriented zones far from work places.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi E Mäki-Opas
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Katja Borodulin
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Valkeinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Stenholm
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anton E Kunst
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Abel
- University of Bern, Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tommi Härkänen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Pekka Itkonen
- Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Helsinki, Finland.,City of Helsinki, Helsinki City Rescue Department, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ritva Prättälä
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sakari Karvonen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seppo Koskinen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Good J, Jagroop D, Dogra S. Sociodemographic, health-related and lifestyle correlates of physical activity in adults with current asthma. J Asthma 2016; 54:69-76. [PMID: 27285062 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2016.1194432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regular physical activity is associated with better asthma control; however, little is known of the determinants of physical activity in a population of adults with asthma. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify important sociodemographic, health and lifestyle correlates of physical activity among adults with asthma. METHODS Data from adults with asthma aged 18-44 years (n = 2740) from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), 2011-2012 annual component were used for analysis. The main outcome was Daily Energy Expenditure (DEE). This variable was based on frequency and duration of leisure activities in the past 3 months. Self-reported sociodemographic (age, sex, total household income, highest education level, and ethnicity), health-related (body mass index (BMI), self-perceived health, mood disorder, anxiety disorder, and asthma symptoms/attacks, past year) and lifestyle (type of smoker, sedentary time, fruit and vegetable consumption) variables were assessed as correlates for DEE. Data were analysed using linear regressions. RESULTS In the final model, sociodemographic correlates accounted for 4.2% of the variation in DEE. Adding health correlates increased the R2 to 12.1%. Finally, adding lifestyle correlates increased the R2 to 17.6%. CONCLUSIONS In adults with current asthma, the main correlates of physical activity are age, total household income, BMI, self-perceived health, anxiety disorder, sedentary time, and fruit and vegetable consumption. These data are important for informing education and exercise interventions for adults with asthma. Future research is needed to determine asthma-specific correlates of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Good
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology , Oshawa , Ontario , Canada
| | - David Jagroop
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology , Oshawa , Ontario , Canada
| | - Shilpa Dogra
- a Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ontario Institute of Technology , Oshawa , Ontario , Canada
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23
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Paschoa L, Ashton C. The Evaluation of an Exercise Program for Older Rural Adults. ACTIVITIES, ADAPTATION & AGING 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2016.1127075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Marques A, Martins J, Sarmento H, Ramos M, Diniz J, Costa FCD. Socio-demographic correlates of leisure time physical activity among Portuguese adults. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2015; 31:1061-70. [PMID: 26083180 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00101614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify socio-demographic correlates of leisure time physical activity among Portuguese adults. Subjects aged 31-60 years (1,076 males, 1,383 females) were categorized into two groups according to recommended physical activities ranging from ≥ 10 or < 10 MET.hours.week-1. Leisure time physical activity data was self-reported, including activities, duration of each session and frequency. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were applied to the results. Among men, having a high socioeconomic status (OR = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.30-2.76; p = 0.001) was associated with attaining the recommended level of physical activity. For women, middle education levels were associated with physical activity (OR = 1.36; 95%CI: 1.01-1.85). Moreover, middle socioeconomic status (OR = 1.45; 95%CI: 0.80-1.91; p = 0.009) was also positively associated with meeting physical activities recommendations in the unadjusted analysis. Men and women had different patterns of socio-demographic correlates. An intervention designed to improve the levels of physical activity among Portuguese adults may take these correlates into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Martins
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, University Institute of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Madalena Ramos
- Centro de Investigação e Estudos de Sociologia, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Diniz
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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25
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Elliott LR, White MP, Taylor AH, Herbert S. Energy expenditure on recreational visits to different natural environments. Soc Sci Med 2015; 139:53-60. [PMID: 26151390 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity poses a significant challenge to physical and mental health. Environmental approaches to tackle physical inactivity have identified natural environments as potentially important public health resources. Despite this, little is known about characteristics of the activity involved when individuals visit different types of natural environment. Using Natural England's Monitor of Engagement with the Natural Environment Survey, we examined 71,603 English respondents' recreational visits to natural environments in the past week. Specifically, we examined the intensity of the activities they undertook on the visits (METs), the duration of their visit, and the associated total energy expenditure (MET minutes). Visits to countryside and urban greenspace environments were associated with more intense activities than visits to coastal environments. However, visits to coastal environments were associated with the most energy expenditure overall due to their relatively long duration. Results differed by the urbanity or rurality of the respondent's residence and also how far respondents travelled to their destination. Knowledge of what types of natural environment afford the highest volumes and intensities of physical activity could inform landscape architecture and exercise prescriptions. Isolating activity-supporting characteristics of natural environments that can be translated into urban design is important in providing physical activity opportunities for those less able to access expansive environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis R Elliott
- Psychology Applied to Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom.
| | - Mathew P White
- Psychology Applied to Health Group, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom; European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter Medical School, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian H Taylor
- Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry, Plymouth University, United Kingdom
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26
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Baker PRA, Francis DP, Soares J, Weightman AL, Foster C. Community wide interventions for increasing physical activity. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 1:CD008366. [PMID: 25556970 PMCID: PMC9508615 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008366.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multi-strategic community wide interventions for physical activity are increasingly popular but their ability to achieve population level improvements is unknown. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of community wide, multi-strategic interventions upon population levels of physical activity. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Public Health Group Segment of the Cochrane Register of Studies,The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, MEDLINE in Process, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, PsycINFO, ASSIA, the British Nursing Index, Chinese CNKI databases, EPPI Centre (DoPHER, TRoPHI), ERIC, HMIC, Sociological Abstracts, SPORT Discus, Transport Database and Web of Science (Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index). We also scanned websites of the EU Platform on Diet, Physical Activity and Health; Health-Evidence.org; the International Union for Health Promotion and Education; the NIHR Coordinating Centre for Health Technology (NCCHTA); the US Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and NICE and SIGN guidelines. Reference lists of all relevant systematic reviews, guidelines and primary studies were searched and we contacted experts in the field. The searches were updated to 16 January 2014, unrestricted by language or publication status. SELECTION CRITERIA Cluster randomised controlled trials, randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs which used a control population for comparison, interrupted time-series studies, and prospective controlled cohort studies were included. Only studies with a minimum six-month follow up from the start of the intervention to measurement of outcomes were included. Community wide interventions had to comprise at least two broad strategies aimed at physical activity for the whole population. Studies which randomised individuals from the same community were excluded. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS At least two review authors independently extracted the data and assessed the risk of bias. Each study was assessed for the setting, the number of included components and their intensity. The primary outcome measures were grouped according to whether they were dichotomous (per cent physically active, per cent physically active during leisure time, and per cent physically inactive) or continuous (leisure time physical activity time (time spent)), walking (time spent), energy expenditure (as metabolic equivalents or METS)). For dichotomous measures we calculated the unadjusted and adjusted risk difference, and the unadjusted and adjusted relative risk. For continuous measures we calculated percentage change from baseline, unadjusted and adjusted. MAIN RESULTS After the selection process had been completed, 33 studies were included. A total of 267 communities were included in the review (populations between 500 and 1.9 million). Of the included studies, 25 were set in high income countries and eight were in low income countries. The interventions varied by the number of strategies included and their intensity. Almost all of the interventions included a component of building partnerships with local governments or non-governmental organisations (NGOs) (29 studies). None of the studies provided results by socio-economic disadvantage or other markers of equity. However, of those included studies undertaken in high income countries, 14 studies were described as being provided to deprived, disadvantaged or low socio-economic communities. Nineteen studies were identified as having a high risk of bias, 10 studies were unclear, and four studies had a low risk of bias. Selection bias was a major concern with these studies, with only five studies using randomisation to allocate communities. Four studies were judged as being at low risk of selection bias although 19 studies were considered to have an unclear risk of bias. Twelve studies had a high risk of detection bias, 13 an unclear risk and four a low risk of bias. Generally, the better designed studies showed no improvement in the primary outcome measure of physical activity at a population level.All four of the newly included, and judged to be at low risk of bias, studies (conducted in Japan, United Kingdom and USA) used randomisation to allocate the intervention to the communities. Three studies used a cluster randomised design and one study used a stepped wedge design. The approach to measuring the primary outcome of physical activity was better in these four studies than in many of the earlier studies. One study obtained objective population representative measurements of physical activity by accelerometers, while the remaining three low-risk studies used validated self-reported measures. The study using accelerometry, conducted in low income, high crime communities of USA, emphasised social marketing, partnership with police and environmental improvements. No change in the seven-day average daily minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity was observed during the two years of operation. Some program level effect was observed with more people walking in the intervention community, however this result was not evident in the whole community. Similarly, the two studies conducted in the United Kingdom (one in rural villages and the other in urban London; both using communication, partnership and environmental strategies) found no improvement in the mean levels of energy expenditure per person per week, measured from one to four years from baseline. None of the three low risk studies reporting a dichotomous outcome of physical activity found improvements associated with the intervention.Overall, there was a noticeable absence of reporting of benefit in physical activity for community wide interventions in the included studies. However, as a group, the interventions undertaken in China appeared to have the greatest possibility of success with high participation rates reported. Reporting bias was evident with two studies failing to report physical activity measured at follow up. No adverse events were reported.The data pertaining to cost and sustainability of the interventions were limited and varied. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Although numerous studies have been undertaken, there is a noticeable inconsistency of the findings in the available studies and this is confounded by serious methodological issues within the included studies. The body of evidence in this review does not support the hypothesis that the multi-component community wide interventions studied effectively increased physical activity for the population, although some studies with environmental components observed more people walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip RA Baker
- Queensland University of TechnologySchool of Public Health and Social Work, Instiitute of Health and Biomedical InnovationVictoria Park RoadKelvin GroveQueenslandAustralia4059
| | - Daniel P Francis
- Queensland University of TechnologySchool of Public Health and Social WorkVictoria Park RoadBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia4059
| | - Jesus Soares
- Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion4770 Bufford Hwy, K‐46AtlantaGeorgiaUSA30341‐3717
| | - Alison L Weightman
- Information Services, Cardiff UniversitySupport Unit for Research Evidence (SURE)1st Floor, Neuadd MeirionnyddHeath ParkCardiffWalesUKCF14 4YS
| | - Charles Foster
- University of OxfordBritish Heart Foundation Health Promotion Research Group, Nuffield Department of Population HealthOld Road CampusHeadingtonOxfordUKOX3 7LF
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Wolff G, Balke JE, Andras IE, Park M, Toborek M. Exercise modulates redox-sensitive small GTPase activity in the brain microvasculature in a model of brain metastasis formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97033. [PMID: 24804765 PMCID: PMC4013134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell extravasation into the brain requires passage through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). There is evidence that exercise can alter the oxidation status of the brain microvasculature and protect against tumor cell invasion into the brain, although the mechanisms are not well understood. In the current study, we focused on the role of microenvironment generated by exercise and metastasizing tumor cells at the levels of brain microvessels, influencing oxidative stress-mediated responses and activation of redox-sensitive small GTPases. Mature male mice were exercised for four weeks using a running wheel with the average voluntary running distance 9.0 ± 0.3 km/day. Mice were then infused with 1.0 × 10(6) D122 (murine Lewis lung carcinoma) cells into the brain microvasculature, and euthanized either 48 hours (in short-term studies) or 2-3 weeks (in long-term studies) post tumor cell administration. A significant increase in the level of reactive oxygen species was observed following 48 hours or 3 weeks of tumor cells growth, which was accompanied by a reduction in MnSOD expression in the exercised mice. Activation of the small GTPase Rho was negatively correlated with running distance in the tumor cell infused mice. Together, these data suggest that exercise may play a significant role during aggressive metastatic invasion, especially at higher intensities in pre-trained individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Wolff
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jordan E. Balke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ibolya E. Andras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Minseon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michal Toborek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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