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Vang D, Moreira-Souza ACA, Zusman N, Moncada G, Matshik Dakafay H, Asadi H, Ojcius DM, Almeida-da-Silva CLC. Frankincense ( Boswellia serrata) Extract Effects on Growth and Biofilm Formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Its Intracellular Infection in Human Gingival Epithelial Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2991-3004. [PMID: 38666917 PMCID: PMC11049348 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Frankincense is produced by Boswellia trees, which can be found throughout the Middle East and parts of Africa and Asia. Boswellia serrata extract has been shown to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Periodontitis is an oral chronic inflammatory disease that affects nearly half of the US population. We investigated the antimicrobial effects of B. serrata extract on two oral pathogens associated with periodontitis. Using the minimum inhibitory concentration and crystal violet staining methods, we demonstrated that Porphyromonas gingivalis growth and biofilm formation were impaired by treatment with B. serrata extracts. However, the effects on Fusobacterium nucleatum growth and biofilm formation were not significant. Using quantification of colony-forming units and microscopy techniques, we also showed that concentrations of B. serrata that were not toxic for host cells decreased intracellular P. gingivalis infection in human gingival epithelial cells. Our results show antimicrobial activity of a natural product extracted from Boswellia trees (B. serrata) against periodontopathogens. Thus, B. serrata has the potential for preventing and/or treating periodontal diseases. Future studies will identify the molecular components of B. serrata extracts responsible for the beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Aline Cristina Abreu Moreira-Souza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Nicholas Zusman
- Dental Surgery Program, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA;
| | - German Moncada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Harmony Matshik Dakafay
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Homer Asadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
| | - Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (D.V.); (A.C.A.M.-S.); (G.M.); (H.M.D.); (H.A.); (D.M.O.)
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Bhatia S, Shah YA, Al-Harrasi A, Jawad M, Khan TS, Alam T, Dıblan S, Koca E, Aydemir LY. Pectin/sodium alginate films tailored with Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid for active packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129698. [PMID: 38272421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop food packaging films by using a combination of pectin (PE) and sodium alginate (SA) enriched with Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA) as a functional or active ingredient. The fabricated films underwent comprehensive evaluation of their morphological, chemical, mechanical, barrier, optical, thermal, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. SEM and FTIR analysis showed that AKBA had good compatibility with film-forming components. The AKBA-loaded film samples exhibited a decrease in their barrier properties and tensile strength, but enhancements in both elongation at break and thickness values was observed. With the addition of AKBA, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the ultraviolet barrier properties of the films and total colour variation (ΔE) was observed. TGA analysis of the films unveiled an improvement in thermal resistance with the incorporation of AKBA. Moreover, the films loaded with AKBA exhibited potent antioxidant activity in the ABTS and DPPH assay methods. Disk diffusion analysis showed the antimicrobial activity of AKBA-loaded films against P. aeruginosa, highlighting the potential of AKBA as a natural antimicrobial agent for the safety of food products. The results demonstrate the practical application of PE and SA active films loaded with AKBA, particularly within the food packaging industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Yasir Abbas Shah
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman.
| | - Muhammad Jawad
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Talha Shireen Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Oman
| | - Tanveer Alam
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Universite Caddesi No. 27, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Republic of Turkey
| | - Sevgin Dıblan
- Food Processing Department, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, 33100, Tarsus, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Esra Koca
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
| | - Levent Yurdaer Aydemir
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University, Adana 01250, Turkey
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Alazemi MJ, Badawi MF, Elbeltagy MG, Badr AE. Examining the Effects of Asiaticoside on Dental Pulp Stem Cell Viability and Proliferation: A Promising Approach to Root Canal Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024; 25:118-127. [PMID: 38514408 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to evaluate the impact of asiaticoside (AC) on the viability and proliferation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), considering the known negative effects of routinely used intracanal medicaments. This evaluation will be compared with the outcomes from using traditional intracanal medicaments, specifically triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2]. MATERIALS AND METHODS The DPSCs were obtained from the third molars of an adult donor. The application of flow cytometry was employed to do a phenotypic analysis on DPSCs using CD90, CD73, CD105, CD34, CD14, and CD45 antibodies. The methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay was employed to assess cellular viability. The cells were treated with different concentrations of TAP and Ca(OH)2 (5, 2.5, 1, 0.5, and 0.25 mg/mL), along with AC (100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 µM). A cell proliferation rate was performed at 3, 5, and 7 days. RESULTS The characterization of DPSCs was conducted by flow cytometry analysis, which verified the presence of mesenchymal cell surface antigen molecules (CD105, CD73, and CD90) and demonstrated the absence of hematopoietic markers (CD34, CD45, and CD14). Cells treated with concentrations over 0.5 mg/mL of TAP and Ca(OH)2 showed a notable reduction in cell viability in comparison to the untreated cells (p < 0.05). Additionally, the cells treated with different concentrations of AC 12.5, 6.25, 25, and 50 µM did not differ significantly from the untreated cells (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, cells treated with concentrations of 100 µM showed a significant reduction in viability compared to the untreated cells (p < 0.05). After a period of 7 days, it was noted that cells exposed to three different concentrations of AC (50, 25, and 12.5 µM) had a notable rise in cell density in comparison to TAP and Ca(OH)2 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, cells that were exposed to a concentration of 12.5 µM exhibited the highest cell density. CONCLUSION The cellular viability of the AC-treated cells was superior to that of the TAP and Ca(OH)2-treated cells. Moreover, the AC with a concentration of 12.5 µM had the highest degree of proliferation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study underscores the importance of evaluating alternative root canal medicaments and their effects on DPSCs' growth and vitality. The findings on AC, particularly its influence on the survival and proliferation of DPSCs, offer valuable insights for its probable use as an intracanal medication. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to identify safer and more effective intracanal treatments, which are crucial for enhancing patient outcomes in endodontic procedures. How to cite this article: Alazemi MJ, Badawi MF, Elbeltagy MG, et al. Examining the Effects of Asiaticoside on Dental Pulp Stem Cell Viability and Proliferation: A Promising Approach to Root Canal Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2024;25(2):118-127.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad J Alazemi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, Orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5245-6514
| | - Manal F Badawi
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9979-4354
| | - Mohamed G Elbeltagy
- Department of Stem Cells Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt., Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3309-4480
| | - Amany E Badr
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt, Phone: +201200211211, e-mail: , Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3811-149X
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Wiart C, Kathirvalu G, Raju CS, Nissapatorn V, Rahmatullah M, Paul AK, Rajagopal M, Sathiya Seelan JS, Rusdi NA, Lanting S, Sulaiman M. Antibacterial and Antifungal Terpenes from the Medicinal Angiosperms of Asia and the Pacific: Haystacks and Gold Needles. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093873. [PMID: 37175283 PMCID: PMC10180233 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review identifies terpenes isolated from the medicinal Angiosperms of Asia and the Pacific with antibacterial and/or antifungal activities and analyses their distribution, molecular mass, solubility, and modes of action. All data in this review were compiled from Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, ChemSpider, PubChem, and library searches from 1968 to 2022. About 300 antibacterial and/or antifungal terpenes were identified during this period. Terpenes with a MIC ≤ 2 µg/mL are mostly amphiphilic and active against Gram-positive bacteria, with a molecular mass ranging from about 150 to 550 g/mol, and a polar surface area around 20 Ų. Carvacrol, celastrol, cuminol, dysoxyhainic acid I, ent-1β,14β-diacetoxy-7α-hydroxykaur-16-en-15-one, ergosterol-5,8-endoperoxide, geranylgeraniol, gossypol, 16α-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13 (14)Z-diene-15,16-olide, 7-hydroxycadalene, 17-hydroxyjolkinolide B, (20R)-3β-hydroxy-24,25,26,27-tetranor-5α cycloartan-23,21-olide, mansonone F, (+)-6,6'-methoxygossypol, polygodial, pristimerin, terpinen-4-ol, and α-terpineol are chemical frameworks that could be candidates for the further development of lead antibacterial or antifungal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Wiart
- Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Geethanjali Kathirvalu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Chandramathi Samudi Raju
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- Research Excellence Centre for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Alok K Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | | | - Nor Azizun Rusdi
- Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Scholastica Lanting
- Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
| | - Mazdida Sulaiman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Gan J, Guo L, Zhang X, Yu Q, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Zeng W, Jiang X, Guo M. Anti-inflammatory therapy of atherosclerosis: focusing on IKKβ. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:8. [PMID: 36823573 PMCID: PMC9951513 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation has been identified as a major contributor in the development of atherosclerosis. Nuclear Factor-κappa B (NF-κB) is a critical transcription factors family of the inflammatory pathway. As a major catalytic subunit of the IKK complex, IκB kinase β (IKKβ) drives canonical activation of NF-κB and is implicated in the link between inflammation and atherosclerosis, making it a promising therapeutic target. Various natural product derivatives, extracts, and synthetic, show anti-atherogenic potential by inhibiting IKKβ-mediated inflammation. This review focuses on the latest knowledge and current research landscape surrounding anti-atherosclerotic drugs that inhibit IKKβ. There will be more opportunities to fully understand the complex functions of IKKβ in atherogenesis and develop new effective therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Gan
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Guo
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qun Yu
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyue Yang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- grid.410648.f0000 0001 1816 6218School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- grid.459559.10000 0004 9344 2915Oncology department, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, Jiangxi China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Maojuan Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
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Seepe HA, Raphoko L, Amoo SO, Nxumalo W. Lantadene A and boswellic acid isolated from the leaves of Lantana camara L. have the potential to control phytopathogenic Fusarium species. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12216. [PMID: 36582687 PMCID: PMC9792760 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytopathogenic Fusarium species are restricting factors causing diseases and yield loss in crop production. As part of exploration for pesticides from medicinal plants, this study aimed to isolate and characterize bioactive compounds from Lantana camara L. and evaluate their efficiency against Fusarium phytopathogens. Phytochemical investigation of ethyl acetate leaf extract led to separation of lantadene A (22-angeloyloxy-9-hydroxy-3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid) and boswellic acid (11-keto-β-boswellic acid). The chemical structures of the aforementioned compounds were confirmed using physical properties, spectroscopic analysis, and published data. Lantadene A exhibited significant antifungal activity against F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. graminearum, and F. semitectum with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) less than or equal to 0.63 mg/mL. Boswellic acid exhibited strong activity (MIC = 0.63 mg/mL) against F. subglutinans and F. semitectum. In terms of their toxicity towards Raw 264.7 cells, lantadene A and boswellic acid recorded half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 84.2 μg/mL and 186.6 μg/mL, respectively. Both lantadene A and boswellic acid had no phytotoxic effect against seed germination and seedling root length. Lantadene A and boswellic acid have strong potential to be further investigated as lead natural fungicides (biopesticides) to control Fusarium crop diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hlabana Alfred Seepe
- Agricultural Research Council—Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Roodeplaat, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa,Department of Chemistry, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa,Döhne Agricultural Development Institute, Plant and Crops Production Research, Private Bag X 15, Stutterheim, 4930, South Africa,Corresponding author.
| | - Lerato Raphoko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
| | - Stephen O. Amoo
- Agricultural Research Council—Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Roodeplaat, Private Bag X293, Pretoria 0001, South Africa,Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa,Department of Botany and Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Winston Nxumalo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, Polokwane, South Africa
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Talebi Ardakani M, Farahi A, Mojab F, Moscowchi A, Gharazi Z. Effect of an herbal mouthwash on periodontal indices in patients with plaque-induced gingivitis: A cross-over clinical trial. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED PERIODONTOLOGY & IMPLANT DENTISTRY 2022; 14:109-113. [PMID: 36714089 PMCID: PMC9871188 DOI: 10.34172/japid.2022.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background. Recent advances in alternative medicine have led to the introduction of various new herbal products for treating gingivitis as the most prevalent gingival disease. The present study clinically evaluated the effect of a herbal mouthwash consisting of 5 herbal extracts (Myrtus communis, Quercus brantii, Punica granatum, Portulaca olerace, and Boswellia serrata) on periodontal indices. Methods. Fifty patients with plaque-induced gingivitis were included in this randomized, dou-ble-blinded clinical trial and divided into two groups. Following scaling and root planing (SRP), they were prescribed 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) (group 1) and herbal mouthwash (group 2) twice a day for 14 days. Both groups received saline mouthwash for the subsequent 14 days (wash-out time). Then, they used the mouthwashes in a cross-over manner for an additional two weeks. Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque index (PI) were recorded at baseline and after each period of mouthwash use. The data were analyzed by SPSS software, using generalized estimating equation (GEE) linear regression and paired t-test. P<0.05 was considered sta-tistically significant. Results. Both groups exhibited statistically significant improvements in the periodontal indices compared to the baseline (P<0.05); however, there were no significant differences between the two study groups in this regard. Conclusion. The experimental herbal mouthwash improved the periodontal condition in plaque-induced gingivitis after two weeks, comparable to the effect of %0.2 CHX mouthwash in terms of PPD, BOP, PI, and GI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamadreza Talebi Ardakani
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Farahi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Atiyeh Farahi, E-mail:
| | - Faraz Mojab
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Moscowchi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Optimization of Antibacterial, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Novel Chitosan/Olibanum Gum Film for Food Packaging Application. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14193960. [PMID: 36235904 PMCID: PMC9573402 DOI: 10.3390/polym14193960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan-based films are promising active biodegradable materials with the ability to be enhanced by different materials, including gums. This study aims to optimize the physical (transmittance, water vapor permeability and water solubility), mechanical (tensile strength and elongation at break) and antibacterial (against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium) properties of newly fabricated chitosan/olibanum gum (CH/OG) films as a function of different levels of CH (0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25 and 1.5% w/v) and OG (0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5 and 0.625% w/v), using response surface methodology (RSM). Moreover, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to better characterize the fabricated films. RSM analysis results showed the significant fitting of all dependent variable responses to the quadratic polynomial model. To attain the desirable physical, mechanical and antibacterial responses, the optimal concentrations were 1.31% (w/v) CH and 0.3% (w/v) OG. The encouraging antibacterial, physical and mechanical properties of the developed composites support the application of chitosan/gum blends in active food packaging, particularly for perishable foodstuffs, such as meat and horticultural products.
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Almeida-da-Silva CLC, Sivakumar N, Asadi H, Chang-Chien A, Qoronfleh MW, Ojcius DM, Essa MM. Effects of Frankincense Compounds on Infection, Inflammation, and Oral Health. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134174. [PMID: 35807419 PMCID: PMC9268443 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Boswellia trees, found throughout the Middle East and parts of Africa and Asia, are the source of frankincense oil. Since antiquity, frankincense has been traded as a precious commodity, but it has also been used for the treatment of chronic disease, inflammation, oral health, and microbial infection. More recently, the bioactive components of Boswellia trees have been identified and characterized for their effects on cancer, microbial infection (especially infection by oral pathogens), and inflammation. Most studies have focused on cell lines, but more recent research has also investigated effects in animal models of disease. As natural products are considered to be safer than synthetic drugs, there is growing interest in further developing the use of substances such as frankincense oil for therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (C.L.C.A.-d.-S.); (H.A.)
| | - Nallusamy Sivakumar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
| | - Homer Asadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (C.L.C.A.-d.-S.); (H.A.)
| | - Anna Chang-Chien
- Dental Surgery Program, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA;
| | - M. Walid Qoronfleh
- Research & Policy Department, World Innovation Summit for Health (WISH), Qatar Foundation, Doha 0974, Qatar;
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, University of the Pacific, 155 Fifth Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; (C.L.C.A.-d.-S.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
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Jaroš P, Timkina E, Michailidu J, Maršík D, Kulišová M, Kolouchová I, Demnerová K. Boswellic Acids as Effective Antibacterial Antibiofilm Agents. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123795. [PMID: 35744925 PMCID: PMC9228269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Boswellic acids are biologically active pentacyclic terpenoid compounds derived from Boswellia sp. plants. Extracts containing these acids have a number of positive effects on human health, especially in the treatment of inflammation, arthritis, or asthma. With increasing resistance to common antibiotics, boswellic acid-containing extracts could serve as an alternative or work in synergy with commonly available preparations. This study aims to determine the effect of boswellic acids on suspension cells and biofilms of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect found was compared with commonly available antibiotics to control these undesirable microorganisms. The synergistic effect of boswellic acids and common antibiotics on the growth of these microorganisms was also determined. All tested microorganisms showed a positive additive effect of antibiotics and boswellic acid extract. The most significant effect was found in Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 in a combination of 0.2 × MIC80 erythromycin (0.2 mg/L) and 0.8 × MIC80 boswellic acid extract (16 mg/L).
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Jaroš
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.J.); (K.D.)
| | - Elizaveta Timkina
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (I.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jana Michailidu
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (I.K.)
| | - Dominik Maršík
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (I.K.)
| | - Markéta Kulišová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (I.K.)
| | - Irena Kolouchová
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.M.); (D.M.); (M.K.); (I.K.)
| | - Kateřina Demnerová
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.J.); (K.D.)
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Agwa MM, Sabra S, Atwa NA, Dahdooh HA, Lithy RM, Elmotasem H. Potential of frankincense essential oil-loaded whey protein nanoparticles embedded in frankincense resin as a wound healing film based on green technology. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Li C, He Q, Xu Y, Lou H, Fan P. Synthesis of 3- O-Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic Acid (AKBA)-Derived Amides and Their Mitochondria-Targeted Antitumor Activities. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:9853-9866. [PMID: 35350335 PMCID: PMC8945107 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized a series of amide and mitochondria-targeted derivatives with 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid (AKBA) as the parent structure and an ethylenediamine moiety as the link chain. Compound 5e, a mitochondrial-targeting potential derivative, showed significantly stronger antitumor activity than that of AKBA, and it could induce vacuolization of A549 cells and stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) could inhibit the ROS level but could not suppress vacuolization and cell death induced by 5e. Further studies demonstrated that 5e caused abnormal opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential; additionally, it caused cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 but did not induce apoptosis. 5e represented a compound with improved antiproliferative effects for cancer therapy working through new mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Li
- Department
of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of
Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qiaobian He
- Department
of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of
Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yuwen Xu
- Shandong
Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan 250101, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiang Lou
- Department
of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of
Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Peihong Fan
- Department
of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Lab of Chemical Biology of Ministry
of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of
Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
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13
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Gong Y, Jiang X, Yang S, Huang Y, Hong J, Ma Y, Fang X, Fang Y, Wu J. The Biological Activity of 3-O-Acetyl-11-keto-β-Boswellic Acid in Nervous System Diseases. Neuromolecular Med 2022; 24:374-384. [PMID: 35303275 PMCID: PMC8931781 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-022-08707-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Frankincense is a hard gelatinous resin exuded by Boswellia serrata. It contains a complex array of components, of which acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid of the resin class, is the main active component. AKBA has a variety of physiological actions, including anti-infection, anti-tumor, and antioxidant effects. The use of AKBA for the treatment of mental diseases has been documented as early as ancient Greece. Recent studies have found that AKBA has anti-aging and other neurological effects, suggesting its potential for the treatment of neurological diseases. This review focuses on nervous system-related diseases, summarizes the functions and mechanisms of AKBA in promoting nerve repair and regeneration after injury, protecting against ischemic brain injury and aging, inhibiting neuroinflammation, ameliorating memory deficits, and alleviating neurotoxicity, as well as having anti-glioma effects and relieving brain edema. The mechanisms by which AKBA functions in different diseases and the relationships between dosage and biological effects are discussed in depth with the aim of increasing understanding of AKBA and guiding its use for the treatment of nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Gong
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Suibi Yang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Hong
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxiu Ma
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Microbiology, WU Lien-Teh Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Immunology and Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, and Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation of Hangzhou, Hangzhou Normal University, No. 2318, Yuhang Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Suniarti DF, Suwandi T, Putri SA, Kurnia D. Potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Calyx (Rosella) extract as antibacterial agent in dental disease: Phytochemical and chemical components profiling. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2022; 13:202-206. [PMID: 35935698 PMCID: PMC9355063 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_64_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical characteristics of natural products are influenced by different external factors, varying according to the geographic origin. The ethanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L calyx Indonesia has been studied in vivo and in vitro provide potential effect for dental field uses. Ethanol extract showed antibacterial to Streptococcus sanguinis as an inducer gingivitis, had an effect on the treatment of oral mucosa ulceration, and could inhibit the development of alveolar bone destruction. This study aims to determine the chemical groups and components of ethanol extract of H. sabdariffa L. calyces (Indonesia origin). Chemical group of ethanol extract H. sabdariffa L calyx Indonesia was analysis through phytochemical screening, whereas chemical components were detected through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Saponins, tannins, phenolic, flavonoids, triterpenoids and glycosides, and 17 chemical components were identified in the ethanol extract of H. sabdariffa L calyx Indonesia. Among the chemical components, fatty acids group showed the most dominant. For standardization and develop of oral drug preparation, a better chemical components and phytochemical profiling are essential because the extract quality of herbs has various quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewi Fatma Suniarti
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, West Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Trijani Suwandi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, West Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Salsabila Aqila Putri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Indonesia,Address for correspondence: Prof. Dikdik Kurnia, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Indonesia. E-mail:
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15
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Ghanadian S, Soltani R, Saberi Z, Taheri A, Entezarhojjat A. The effectiveness of olibanum orally disintegrating tablet in the treatment of oral aphthous ulcers: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 27:8. [PMID: 35342437 PMCID: PMC8943586 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_247_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Boswellia serrata oleo-gum-resin (frankincense; olibanum) has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial effects. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of frankincense extract in the treatment of oral aphthous ulcers. Materials and Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, patients with aphthous ulcers were randomly assigned to either experimental (Frankincense extract) or placebo groups to use orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) of frankincense and placebo, respectively, four times a day for 3 days. The size of aphthous ulcers and the pain severity by visual analogue scale were recorded at days 0, 2, and 4 and compared between the groups. Results: Twenty-five patients in each group completed the study. Olibanum extract ODT significantly reduced the ulcer size on the second (P < 0.001) and fourth (P < 0.001) days as well as the pain score on the second (P = 0.002) and fourth (P < 0.001) days of the intervention compared to placebo. Furthermore, at the end of the intervention, the number of patients with complete ulcer healing and pain relief in the experimental group was significantly more than the placebo group (5 vs. 0, P = 0.02; and 11 vs. 0, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Taking olibanum extract ODTs reduces the ulcer size and pain severity and accelerates the healing process in the oral aphthous lesions.
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Enhancement of Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Activities of Standardized Frankincense Extract Using Optimized Self-Nanoemulsifying Delivery System. Sci Pharm 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm89030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Boswellic acids (BAs) are the main bioactive compounds of frankincense, a natural resin obtained from the genus Boswellia. This study aimed to develop a self-nanoemulsifying delivery system (SNEDS) to improve the antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of standardized frankincense extract (Fr-extract). Fr-extract was standardized, and BA content was quantified using the developed HPLC-UV method. Screening studies of excipients followed by formula optimization using a mixture simplex lattice design was employed. The optimized Fr-SENDS formulation was characterized. Furthermore, microbiological and antiproliferative assessments of the standardized Fr-extract and Fr-SNEDS were evaluated. Quantification demonstrated that the major constituent is 11-keto-boswellic acid (KBA) (16.25%) among BA content (44.96%). The optimized Fr-SENDS (composed of 5% CapryolTM 90, 48.7% Gelucire® 44/14 and 46.3% ethanol) showed spherical nanosized dispersions with DS, PDI, and zeta potential of 17.9 nm, 0.2, and −14.5 mV, respectively. Fr-SNEDS exhibited lower MIC and MBC values compared with Fr-extract against pathogens conjugated with lung cancer and was comparable to reference antimicrobials. Fr-SNEDS showed superior antiproliferative activity over Fr-extract, with IC50 values of 20.49 and 109.5 μg mL−1, respectively. In conclusion, the optimized Fr-SNEDS could be easily developed and manufactured at a low cost and the in vitro results support its use as a potential adjuvant oral therapy for lung cancer. Further in vivo studies could be continued to assess the therapeutic efficiency of the prepared system.
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17
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Gomaa AA, Mohamed HS, Abd-Ellatief RB, Gomaa MA. Boswellic acids/Boswellia serrata extract as a potential COVID-19 therapeutic agent in the elderly. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1033-1048. [PMID: 34224069 PMCID: PMC8256410 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The most severe cases of COVID-19, and the highest rates of death, are among the elderly. There is an urgent need to search for an agent to treat the disease and control its progression. Boswellia serrata is traditionally used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases of the lung. This review aims to highlight currently published research that has shown evidence of potential therapeutic effects of boswellic acids (BA) and B. serrata extract against COVID-19 and associated conditions. We reviewed the published information up to March 2021. Studies were collected through a search of online electronic databases (academic libraries such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Egyptian Knowledge Bank). Several recent studies reported that BAs and B. serrata extract are safe agents and have multiple beneficial activities in treating similar symptoms experienced by patients with COVID-19. Because of the low oral bioavailability and improvement of buccal/oral cavity hygiene, traditional use by chewing B. serrata gum may be more beneficial than oral use. It is the cheapest option for a lot of poorer people. The promising effect of B. serrata and BA can be attributed to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, cardioprotective, anti-platelet aggregation, antibacterial, antifungal, and broad antiviral activity. B. serrata and BA act by multiple mechanisms. The most common mechanism may be through direct interaction with IκB kinases and inhibiting nuclear factor-κB-regulated gene expression. However, the most recent mechanism proposed that BA not only inhibited the formation of classical 5-lipoxygenase products but also produced anti-inflammatory LOX-isoform-selective modulators. In conclusion a small to moderate dose B. serrata extract may be useful in the enhancing adaptive immune response in mild to moderate symptoms of COVID-19. However, large doses of BA may be beneficial in suppressing uncontrolled activation of the innate immune response. More clinical results are required to determine with certainty whether there is sufficient evidence of the benefits against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel A Gomaa
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Hamdy S Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sohage University, Sohâg, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A Gomaa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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18
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Howard KC, Gonzalez OA, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Porphyromonas gingivalis: where do we stand in our battle against this oral pathogen? RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:666-704. [PMID: 34124669 PMCID: PMC8152699 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00424c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, are inflammatory diseases triggered by pathogenic bacteria that lead to damage of the soft tissue and bone supporting the teeth. Amongst the identified oral periodontopathogenic bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis is able to enhance oral dysbiosis, which is an imbalance in the beneficial commensal and periodontal pathogenic bacteria that induces chronic inflammation. Given the critical role of oral pathogenic bacteria like P. gingivalis in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, local and/or systemic antibacterial therapy has been suggested to treat this disease, especially in its severe or refractory forms. Nevertheless, the majority of the antibacterial agents currently used for the treatment of periodontal diseases are broad-spectrum, which harms beneficial bacterial species that are critical in health, inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, contribute in protecting the periodontal tissues to damage and aid in its healing. Thus, the development of more effective and specific antibacterial agents is needed to control oral pathogens in a polymicrobial environment. The strategies for the development of novel antibacterial agents include natural product isolation as well as synthetic and semi-synthetic methodologies. This review presents an overview of the periodontal diseases gingivitis and periodontitis along with current antibacterial treatment options (i.e., classes of antibacterial agents and the mechanism(s) of resistance that hinder their usage) used in periodontal diseases that specifically target oral pathogens such as P. gingivalis. In addition, to help medicinal chemists gain a better understanding of potentially promising scaffolds, this review provides an in-depth coverage of the various families of small molecules that have been investigated as potential anti-P. gingivalis agents, including novel families of compounds, repositioned drugs, as well as natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlind C Howard
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536-0596 USA +1 859 218 1686
| | - Octavio A Gonzalez
- College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research and Division of Periodontics, University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536-0305 USA
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40536-0596 USA +1 859 218 1686
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Al-Harrasi A, Khan AL, Rehman NU, Csuk R. Biosynthetic diversity in triterpene cyclization within the Boswellia genus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 184:112660. [PMID: 33524859 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review is not intended to describe the triterpenes isolated from the Boswellia genus, since this information has been covered elsewhere. Instead, the aim is to provide insights into the biosynthesis of triterpenes in Boswellia. This genus, which has 24 species, displays fascinating structural diversity and produces a number of medicinally important triterpenes, particularly boswellic acids. Over 300 volatile components have been reported in the essential oil of Boswellia, and more than 100 diterpenes and triterpenes have been isolated from this genus. Given that no triterpene biosynthetic enzymes have yet been isolated from any members of the Boswellia genus, this review will cover the likely biosynthetic pathways as inferred from structures in nature and the probable types of biosynthetic enzymes based on knowledge of triterpene biosynthesis in other plant species. It highlights the importance of frankincense and the factors and threats affecting its production. It covers triterpene biosynthesis in the genus Boswellia, including dammaranes, tirucallic acids, lupanes, oleananes, ursanes and boswellic acids. Strategies for elucidating triterpene biosynthetic pathways in Boswellia are considered. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms behind wound-induced resin synthesis by the tree and related gene expression profiling are covered. In addition, the influence of the environment and the genotype on the biosynthesis of resin and on variations in the compositions and types of resins will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman.
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Boswellia serrata Resin Extract in Diets of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus: Effects on the Growth, Health, Immune Response, and Disease Resistance to Staphylococcus aureus. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020446. [PMID: 33567795 PMCID: PMC7914940 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The current study evaluated the effects of Boswellia serrata resin extract (BSRE) as a feed additive on the growth performance, immune response, antioxidant status, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish were fed on four basal diets complemented with four levels of BSRE 0, 5, 10, or 15 g kg−1. The results of this study proposed that BSRE addition can enhance the antioxidant activity, immune status, and disease resistance of O. niloticus to S. aureus infection. The level of 5 g kg−1 BSRE can improve fish growth without causing harmful effects on fish health. Higher levels of BSRE are not recommended as they badly affected the histoarchitecture of many vital organs. Abstract The influences of Boswellia serrata resin extract (BSRE) as a feed additive on the growth performance, immune response, antioxidant status, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus L. were assessed. One hundred-forty four fingerlings (initial weight: 21.82 ± 0.48 g) were randomly allotted into four groups with three replicates where they were fed on one of four treatments with four levels of Boswellia serrata resin extract 0, 5, 10, or 15 g kg−1, BSRE0, BSRE5, BSRE10, BSRE15, respectively for eight weeks. After the end of the feeding trial, the fish were challenged with Staphylococcus aureus, and mortalities were noted. The final body weight, total body weight gain, and the total feed intake were quadratically increased in BSRE5 treatment (p < 0.01). The protein productive efficiency (PPE) was linearly and quadratically increased in all BSRE supplemented treatments (p < 0.01). Dietary addition of BSRE raised the fish crude protein content and reduced the fat content in a level-dependent manner (p < 0.01). The ash content was raised in the BSRE15 group (p < 0.01). Dietary BSRE supplementation decreased the serum levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and nitric oxide. It increased the serum levels of total protein, albumin, total globulins, α1 globulin, α2 globulin, ß globulin, ɣ globulin, Catalase, and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity, GSH (reduced glutathione), lysozyme activity, and MPO (myeloperoxidase) in a level-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The BSRE15 diet increased the serum level of ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and decreased creatinine serum level (p < 0.05). Dietary BSRE supplementation increased the relative percentage of survival % (RPS) of S. aureus challenged fish. The histoarchitecture of the gills and kidney was normal in the BSRE5 treatment and moderately changed in BSRE10 and BSRE15 treatments. The splenic lymphoid elements were more prevalent, and the melano-macrophage centers (MMC) were mild to somewhat activated in BSRE supplemented treatments. Dietary BSRE supplementation improved the intestinal histomorphology. It can be concluded that BSRE addition can enhance the antioxidant activity, immune status, and disease resistance of O. niloticus to S. aureus infection. The level of 5 g kg−1 BSRE can improve fish growth without causing harmful effects on fish health. The highest levels of BSRE are not recommended as they badly affected the histoarchitecture of many vital organs.
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Bi D, Chen G, Cheng J, Wen J, Pei N, Zeng H, Li Y. Boswellic acid captivated hydroxyapatite carboxymethyl cellulose composites for the enhancement of chondrocytes in cartilage repair. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Khoshbakht Z, Khashabi E, khodaie L, Torbati M, Lotfipour F, Hamishehkar H. Evaluation of Herbal Mouthwashes Containing Zataria Multiflora Boiss, Frankincense and Combination Therapy on Patients with Gingivitis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial. Galen Med J 2019; 8:e1366. [PMID: 34466501 PMCID: PMC8343817 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v8i0.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental plaques as adhesive microbial aggregates on tooth surfaces are considered the first stage of tooth decay as well as gingivitis. Accordingly, the effect of different antimicrobial mouthwashes on removing dental plaques and preventing their formation has been evaluated in various studies. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of herbal mouthwashes containing hydro-alcoholic extract of Zataria multiflora (ZM), Frankincense (FR), and a combination of both (ZM+FR) and compare it with chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwash in subjects with gingivitis. Materials and Methods In this randomized, controlled, clinical trial a total of 140 patients with gingivitis were divided into four groups including CHX (control group), ZM, FR, and ZM+FR groups. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were measured in days 1, 14, and 21. Results All three herbal types of mouthwash significantly improved plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding throughout days 14 to 21 (P<0.001). There was no difference between herbal mouthwash with CHX groups. CHX mouthwash showed the most side effects (54.3%), while ZM mouthwash showed the least side effects and the highest consumer satisfaction (5.7% and 94%, respectively). Conclusion All of the herbal mouthwashes can be good candidates for controlling gingivitis. Comparing with CHX mouthwash, herbal mouthwashes have lower side effects and negligible alcohol content. Among the herbal mouthwashes, ZM outperforms FR and FR+ZM due to its lower side effects and higher levels of patients' satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoleikha Khoshbakht
- Department of Phytopharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ehsan Khashabi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Laleh khodaie
- Department of Phytopharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Medical Philosophy and History Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Correspondence to: Laleh khodaie, Department of Phytopharmacy, Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Telephone Number: +98- 4432240642 Email Address:
| | - Mohammadali Torbati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Lotfipour
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Qi X, Wang X, Cheng T, Wu Q, Mi N, Mu X, Guo X, Zhao G, Huang Z, Ye J, Zhang W. Comprehensive characterization of multiple components and metabolites of Xiaojin Capsule based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2748-2761. [PMID: 31207087 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Xiaojin Capsule, a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat mammary cancer, thyroid nodules, and hyperplasia of the mammary glands. However, its systematic chemical information remained unclear, which hindered the interpretation of the pharmacology and the mechanism of action of this drug. In this research, an ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry method was developed to identify the complicated components and metabolites of Xiaojin Capsule. Two acquisition modes, including the MSEnergy mode and fast data directed acquisition mode, were utilized for chemical profiling. As a result, 156 compounds were unambiguously or tentatively identified by comparing their retention times and mass spectrometry data with those of reference standards or literature. After the oral administration of Xiaojin Capsule, 53 constituents, including 24 prototype compounds and 29 metabolites, were detected in rat plasma. The obtained results were beneficial for a better understanding of the therapeutic basis of Xiaojin Capsule. A high-resolution and efficient separation method was firstly established for systematically characterizing the compounds of Xiaojin Capsule and the associated metabolites in vivo, which could be helpful for quality control and pharmacokinetic studies of this medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopo Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Taofang Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiuling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Nan Mi
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Mu
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- R&D Center, Jianmin Pharmaceutical Group, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Huang
- R&D Center, Jianmin Pharmaceutical Group, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ji Ye
- Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, P. R. China.,Department of Phytochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Bini Araba A, Ur Rehman N, Al-Araimi A, Al-Hashmi S, Al-Shidhani S, Csuk R, Hussain H, Al-Harrasi A, Zadjali F. New derivatives of 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (KBA) induce apoptosis in breast and prostate cancers cells. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:707-716. [PMID: 30931626 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1593165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A series of new 11-keto-β-boswellic acid were partially-synthesized by modifying the hydroxyl and carboxylic acid functional groups of ring A. The structures of the new analogs were confirmed by detailed spectral data analysis. Compounds 4, 5 and 9 exhibited potent anti-cancer results against two human tumor cancer cell lines having IC50 value of MCF-7 (breast) and LNCaP (prostate): 123.6, 9.6 and 88.94 μM and 9.6, 44.12 and 12.03 μM, respectively. Additionally, a maximum nuclear fragmentation was observed for 4 (78.44%) in AKBA treated cells after 24 hr followed by 5 and 9 with (74.25 and 66.9% respectively). This study suggests that the presence of hydrazone functionality (4 and 9) has effectively improved the potency of AKBA. Interestingly, compound 5 with a lost carboxylic acid group of ring A showed comparable potent activity. Highly selective AKBA requires further modification to improve its bioavailability and solubility inside the cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Bini Araba
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Najeeb Ur Rehman
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Amna Al-Araimi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Sulaiman Al-Hashmi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sulaiman Al-Shidhani
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rene Csuk
- Organic Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hidayat Hussain
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman.,Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Fahad Zadjali
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine and Health Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Vahabi S, Hakemi-Vala M, Gholami S. In vitro Antibacterial Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Lawsonia inermis, Malva sylvestris, and Boswellia serrata on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Adv Biomed Res 2019; 8:22. [PMID: 31016180 PMCID: PMC6446579 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_205_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Considering the increased rate of microbial resistance to antibiotics and chemical side effects of antibiotics and antiseptics used for the treatment of periodontal disease, there is a need for an alternative antimicrobial agent with fewer complications. Medicinal herbs have recently become popular as novel antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of Lawsonia inermis, Malva sylvestris, and Boswellia serrata on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Materials and Methods: Hydroalcoholic extracts of the three medicinal plants were obtained by the maceration technique and A. actinomycetemcomitans was cultured. Antimicrobial efficacy of the three medicinal plants was compared with that of 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol using agar disc diffusion and broth microdilution techniques. All tests were repeated three times. Results: Hydroalcoholic extracts of all three plants had antimicrobial activity against A. actinomycetemcomitans. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of L. inermis, M. sylvestris, and B. serrata was 78.1, 156.2, and 1666 μg/mL with no significant difference between them. The MIC of CHX was 3.33 μg/mL, which was significantly higher than that of B. serrata extract. Conclusion: Given that further in vivo studies confirm other properties of these extracts and their safety in terms of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity, hydroalcoholic extracts of L. inermis and M. sylvestris may be used in mouthwashes or local delivery systems to affect periodontal biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surena Vahabi
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Hakemi-Vala
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Gholami
- Dentist, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Noroozi S, Khadem Haghighian H, Abbasi M, Javadi M, Goodarzi S. A review of the therapeutic effects of frankincense. THE JOURNAL OF QAZVIN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/qums.22.1.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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27
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Optimization of ethanol modified supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of acetyl 11 keto β boswellic acid (AKBA) from Boswellia serrata using Box–Behnken experimental design. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Iram F, Khan SA, Husain A. Phytochemistry and potential therapeutic actions of Boswellic acids: A mini-review. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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29
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Ammon HPT. Boswellic Acids and Their Role in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 928:291-327. [PMID: 27671822 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Boswellic acids, which are pentacyclic triterpenes belong to the active pharmacological compounds of the oleogum resin of different Boswellia species. In the resin, more than 12 different boswellic acids have been identified but only KBA and AKBA received significant pharmacological interest. Biological Activity: In an extract of the resin of Boswellia species multiple factors are responsible for the final outcome of a therapeutic effect, be it synergistic or antagonistic. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory actions of BAs are caused by different mechanisms of action. They include inhibition of leukotriene synthesis and to a less extend prostaglandin synthesis. Furthermore inhibition of the complement system at the level of conversion of C3 into C3a and C3b. A major target of BAs is the immune system. Here, BEs as well as BAs including KBA and AKBA, have been shown to decrease production of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α which finally are directed to destroy tissues such as cartilage, insulin producing cells, bronchial, intestinal and other tissues. NFĸB is considered to be the target of AKBA. The complex actions of BEs and BAs in inflamed areas may be completed by some effects that are localized behind the inflammatory process as such tissue destruction. In this case, in vitro- and animal studies have shown that BAs and BEs suppress proteolytic activity of cathepsin G, human leucocyte elastase, formation of oxygen radicals and lysosomal enzymes. PHARMACOKINETICS Whereas KBA is absorbed reaching blood levels being close to in vitro IC50, AKBA which is more active in in vitro studies than KBA, but undergoes much less absorption than KBA. However, absorption of both is increased more than twice when taken together with a high-fat meal.Clinical Studies There are a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases which respond to treatment with extracts from the resin of Boswellia species. Though, the number of cases is small in related clinical studies, their results are convincing and supported by the preclinical data. These studies include rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, chronic colitis, ulcerative colitis, collagenous colitis, Crohn's disease and bronchial asthma. It can not be expected that there is cure from these diseases but at least improvement of symptoms in about 60-70 % of the cases. Side Effects The number and severity of side effects is extremely low. The most reported complaints are gastrointestinal symptoms. Allergic reactions are rare. And most authors report, that treatment with BEs is well tolerated and the registered side effects in BE- and placebo groups are similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P T Ammon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany. .,, Im Kleeacker 30, 72072, Tuebingen, Germany.
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30
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Ameen AM, Elkazaz AY, Mohammad HMF, Barakat BM. Anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity of boswellic acids in rotenone parkinsonian rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:819-829. [PMID: 28249117 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the neurodegenerative changes observed in Parkinson's disease. Unfortunately, there is a lack of curative treatment for this debilitating movement disorder. Boswellic acids (BAs) are pentacyclic triterpene molecules of plant origin that have been utilized for treating many inflammatory conditions. The current study was conducted to explore the protective role of BAs against rotenone-induced experimental parkinsonism. Twenty-four rats were assigned to one of four treatment groups. The first two groups were a vehicle group (no rotenone) and a rotenone control group in which rats received rotenone (1 mg/kg) every 48 h. The next 2 groups received rotenone (1 mg/kg every 48 h) plus protective oral doses of BAs (125 or 250 mg/kg daily). Rats in the rotenone group showed motor dysfunction when tested in the open-field arena and cylinder and rotarod tests. Moreover, inflammatory markers increased, whereas the dopamine level was lower in the striata of rats in the rotenone group versus those in the vehicle group. BAs taken by rats with rotenone-induced parkinsonism showed enhanced general motor performance, reduced inflammatory markers, and increased striatal dopamine level and nigral tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining. In conclusion, BAs are promising agents in slowing the progression of Parkinson's disease if appropriate data become available about their safety and efficacy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie M Ameen
- a Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amany Y Elkazaz
- b Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hala M F Mohammad
- c Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Bassant M Barakat
- d Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Cui Y, Tian X, Ning J, Wang C, Yu Z, Wang Y, Huo X, Jin L, Deng S, Zhang B, Ma X. Metabolic Profile of 3-Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid and 11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid in Human Preparations In Vitro, Species Differences, and Bioactivity Variation. AAPS JOURNAL 2016; 18:1273-1288. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-016-9945-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Maraghehpour B, Khayamzadeh M, Najafi S, Kharazifard M. Traditionally used herbal medicines with antibacterial effect on Aggegatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: Boswellia serrata and Nigella sativa. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2016; 20:603-607. [PMID: 29238140 PMCID: PMC5713083 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_12_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Since bacterial strains developed resistance against commonly used antibiotics and side effects became more serious, other alternatives have been postulated. There is an answer for this issue in ancient medicine. Many plants have been proved to provide antibacterial effect. In this study, Boswellia serrata (BS) and Nigella sativa (NS) were assessed to evaluate the antibacterial effect on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a) known as main pathogen of aggressive periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Broth microdilution method was used to obtain minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of crude extract of BS and NS. Furthermore, the logarithm of colony forming units grown in fresh brain heart infusion bacterial culture was assessed. Three groups including BS+ (containing only BS), NS+ (containing only NS), and BS-NS− (control group) were defined. For each group, the experiment was repeated 12 times. Results: MIC of BS and NS were 512 μg/mL and 128 μg/mL, respectively. No growth was observed in our negative control group. The mean ± standard deviation of logarithm of CFU/mL for BS, NS, and control group was 4.32 ± 0.36, 3.61 ± 0.3, and 5.57 ± 0.19, respectively. ANOVA test revealed significant difference (P values < 0.0001) of these groups which was later confirmed using the post hoc test of Tukey's honest significant difference (all P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Both BS and NS are effective against A.a which should be taken into account as appropriate ingredient for oral hygiene products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Maraghehpour
- Department of Oral Medicine, International Campus, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Khayamzadeh
- Department of Oral Medicine, International Campus, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shamsoulmolouk Najafi
- Department of Oral Medicine, International Campus, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadjavad Kharazifard
- Department of Oral Medicine, International Campus, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Antimicrobial effect of the triterpene 3β,6β,16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene on planktonic cells and biofilms from Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:729358. [PMID: 25093179 PMCID: PMC4100443 DOI: 10.1155/2014/729358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the antimicrobial effect of 3β,6β,16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (CLF1), a triterpene isolated from Combretum leprosum Mart., in inhibiting the planktonic growth and biofilms of Gram positive bacteria Streptococcus mutans and S. mitis. The antimicrobial activity was assessed by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The antibiofilm potential was determined by quantifying total biomass and enumerating biofilm-entrapped viable bacteria. In addition, the acute toxicity of CLF1 on Artemia sp. nauplii was also determined. The results showed that CLF1 was able in inhibiting the growth of S. mutans and S. mitis with MIC and MBC of 7.8 μg/mL and 15.6 μg/mL, respectively. CLF1 was highly effective on biofilms of both bacteria. Only 7.8 μg/mL CLF1 was enough to inhibit by 97% and 90% biomass production of S. mutans and S. mitis, respectively. On the other hand, such effects were not evident on Gram negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella oxytoca. The toxicity tests showed that the LC50 of CLF1 was 98.19 μg/mL. Therefore, CLF1 isolated from C. leprosum may constitute an important natural agent for the development of new therapies for caries and other infectious diseases caused by S. mutans and S. mitis.
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Hamidpour R, Hamidpour S, Hamidpour M, Shahlari M. Frankincense ( rǔ xiāng; boswellia species): from the selection of traditional applications to the novel phytotherapy for the prevention and treatment of serious diseases. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 3:221-6. [PMID: 24716181 PMCID: PMC3924999 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.119723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Frankincense (乳香 Rǔ Xiāng; Boswellia Species), the resinous extract from the trees of the genus Boswellia, has been used for centuries in cultural ceremonies, as a cosmetic agent, and as a traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, especially inflammatory diseases including asthma, arthritis, cerebral edema, chronic pain syndrome, chronic bowel diseases, cancer, and some other illnesses. Boswellic acids are the active compounds of frankincense and AKBA (3-O-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid) is the most important and effective acid among them. Some studies have shown that the use of frankincense can also improve the learning and enhance the memory in animals and human beings. It seems that frankincense might have a potential ability to be used as an alternative natural medicine not only for chronic and inflammatory diseases but also for brain and memory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafie Hamidpour
- Department of Herbal Medicine, Pars Bioscience, Leawood, KS, USA
| | | | - Mohsen Hamidpour
- Department of Herbal Medicine, Pars Bioscience, Leawood, KS, USA
| | - Mina Shahlari
- Department of Herbal Medicine, Pars Bioscience, Leawood, KS, USA
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35
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Zhang Y, Ning Z, Lu C, Zhao S, Wang J, Liu B, Xu X, Liu Y. Triterpenoid resinous metabolites from the genus Boswellia: pharmacological activities and potential species-identifying properties. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:153. [PMID: 24028654 PMCID: PMC3847453 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The resinous metabolites commonly known as frankincense or olibanum are produced by trees of the genus Boswellia and have attracted increasing popularity in Western countries in the last decade for their various pharmacological activities. This review described the pharmacological specific details mainly on anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-bacterial and apoptosis-regulating activities of individual triterpenoid together with the relevant mechanism. In addition, species-characterizing triterpenic markers with the methods for their detection, bioavailability, safety and other significant properties were reviewed for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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36
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Qurishi Y, Hamid A, Sharma PR, Wani ZA, Mondhe DM, Singh SK, Zargar MA, Andotra SS, Shah BA, Taneja SC, Saxena AK. PARP cleavage and perturbance in mitochondrial membrane potential by 3-α-propionyloxy-β-boswellic acid results in cancer cell death and tumor regression in murine models. Future Oncol 2013; 8:867-81. [PMID: 22830406 DOI: 10.2217/fon.12.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptotic induction in cancer cells has become a major focus of anticancer therapeutics. In this regard, β-boswellic acids, naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenes, have demonstrated antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against different types of cancers. Surprisingly, not much has been reported regarding the chemical modifications or preparation of structural analogs of the key constituents of β-boswellic acid. AIM The anticancer activity of 3-α-propionyloxy-β-boswellic acid (POBA) was investigated and this article reports for the first time that the triterpenoid ring of the boswellic acid derivative POBA is targeting the PI3K pathway. MATERIALS & METHODS Induction of apoptosis of the semi-synthetic derivative of β-boswellic acid-POBA in vitro was analyzed using a battery of human cancer cell lines followed by cell cycle phase distribution, further validated by DNA fragmentation, and was found to cause mitochondrial membrane potential loss with ultrastructural changes, as observed by electron microscopy studies and expression study using PARP cleavage, as well as validated by in vivo anti-tumor activity. RESULTS The cytotoxicity data revealed the sensitivity of various human cancer cell lines of varied tissue origin to β-boswellic acid, which robustly induced cell cycle arrest, DNA fragmentation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Morphological studies of the effects of POBA revealed loss of surface projections, chromatin condensation, apoptotic body formation and POBA-mediated PARP cleavage. For in vivo therapeutic experiments, murine tumor models were treated with POBA and the treatment resulted in a significantly higher level of growth inhibition and apoptosis was significantly induced. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that acyl substituents/groups in the main skeleton of β-boswellic acid have the potential to be potent chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasrib Qurishi
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research), Canal Road, Jammu-Tawi 180001, India
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