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Isaac-Bamgboye FJ, Mgbechidinma CL, Onyeaka H, Isaac-Bamgboye IT, Chukwugozie DC. Exploring the Potential of Postbiotics for Food Safety and Human Health Improvement. J Nutr Metab 2024; 2024:1868161. [PMID: 39139215 PMCID: PMC11321893 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1868161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Food safety is a global concern, with millions suffering from foodborne diseases annually. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports significant morbidity and mortality associated with contaminated food consumption, and this emphasizes the critical need for comprehensive food safety measures. Recent attention has turned to postbiotics, metabolic byproducts of probiotics, as potential agents for enhancing food safety. Postbiotics, including organic acids, enzymes, and bacteriocins, exhibit antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that do not require live organisms, and this offers advantages over probiotics. This literature review critically examines the role of postbiotics in gut microbiome modulation and applications in the food industry. Through an extensive review of existing literature, this study evaluates the impact of postbiotics on gut microbiome composition and their potential as functional food ingredients. Research indicates that postbiotics are effective in inhibiting food pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli, as well as their ability to prevent oxidative stress-related diseases, and they also show promise as alternatives to conventional food preservatives that can extend food shelf life by inhibiting harmful bacterial growth. Their application in functional foods contributes to improved gut health and reduced risk of foodborne illnesses. Findings suggest that postbiotics hold promise for improving health and preservation by inhibiting pathogenic bacteria growth and modulating immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folayemi Janet Isaac-Bamgboye
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyFederal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Chiamaka Linda Mgbechidinma
- Centre for Cell and Development Biology and State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Ocean CollegeZhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, Zhejiang, China
- Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State 200243, Nigeria
| | - Helen Onyeaka
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Mukadam H, Gaikwad SV, Kutty NN, Gaikwad VD. Bioformulation of Bacillus proteolyticus MITWPUB1 and its biosurfactant to control the growth of phytopathogen Sclerotium rolfsii for the crop Brassica juncea var local, as a sustainable approach. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1362679. [PMID: 38707507 PMCID: PMC11066288 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1362679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacillus proteolyticus MITWPUB1 is a potential producer of biosurfactants (BSs), and the organism is also found to be a producer of plant growth promoting traits, such as hydrogen cyanide and indole acetic acid (IAA), and a solubilizer of phosphate. The BSs were reportedly a blend of two classes, namely glycolipids and lipopeptides, as found by thin layer chromatography and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. Furthermore, semi-targeted metabolite profiling via liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy revealed the presence of phospholipids, lipopeptides, polyamines, IAA derivatives, and carotenoids. The BS showed dose-dependent antagonistic activity against Sclerotium rolfsii; scanning electron microscopy showed the effects of the BS on S. rolfsii in terms of mycelial deformations and reduced branching patterns. In vitro studies showed that the application of B. proteolyticus MITWPUB1 and its biosurfactant to seeds of Brassica juncea var local enhanced the seed germination rate. However, sawdust-carrier-based bioformulation with B. proteolyticus MITWPUB1 and its BS showed increased growth parameters for B. juncea var L. This study highlights a unique bioformulation combination that controls the growth of the phytopathogen S. rolfsii and enhances the plant growth of B. juncea var L. Bacillus proteolyticus MITWPUB1 was also shown for the first time to be a prominent BS producer with the ability to control the growth of the phytopathogen S. rolfsii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humaira Mukadam
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, School of Science and Environment Studies, Faculty of Science and Health Science, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shikha V. Gaikwad
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, School of Science and Environment Studies, Faculty of Science and Health Science, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nithya N. Kutty
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, School of Science and Environment Studies, Faculty of Science and Health Science, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikrant D. Gaikwad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Gurunathan S, Thangaraj P, Kim JH. Postbiotics: Functional Food Materials and Therapeutic Agents for Cancer, Diabetes, and Inflammatory Diseases. Foods 2023; 13:89. [PMID: 38201117 PMCID: PMC10778838 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are (i) "soluble factors secreted by live bacteria, or released after bacterial lysis, such as enzymes, peptides, teichoic acids, peptidoglycan-derived muropeptides, polysaccharides, cell-surface proteins and organic acids"; (ii) "non-viable metabolites produced by microorganisms that exert biological effects on the hosts"; and (iii) "compounds produced by microorganisms, released from food components or microbial constituents, including non-viable cells that, when administered in adequate amounts, promote health and wellbeing". A probiotic- and prebiotic-rich diet ensures an adequate supply of these vital nutrients. During the anaerobic fermentation of organic nutrients, such as prebiotics, postbiotics act as a benevolent bioactive molecule matrix. Postbiotics can be used as functional components in the food industry by offering a number of advantages, such as being added to foods that are harmful to probiotic survival. Postbiotic supplements have grown in popularity in the food, cosmetic, and healthcare industries because of their numerous health advantages. Their classification depends on various factors, including the type of microorganism, structural composition, and physiological functions. This review offers a succinct introduction to postbiotics while discussing their salient features and classification, production, purification, characterization, biological functions, and applications in the food industry. Furthermore, their therapeutic mechanisms as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-inflammatory agents are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Pratheep Thangaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Rathinam College of Arts and Science, Eachanari, Coimbatore 641021, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Mohy Eldin A, Hossam N. Microbial surfactants: characteristics, production and broader application prospects in environment and industry. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 53:1013-1042. [PMID: 37651735 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2175364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Microbial surfactants are green molecules with high surface activities having the most promising advantages over chemical surfactants including their ability to efficiently reducing surface and interfacial tension, nontoxic emulsion-based formulations, biocompatibility, biodegradability, simplicity of preparation from low cost materials such as residual by-products and renewable resources at large scales, effectiveness and stabilization under extreme conditions and broad spectrum antagonism of pathogens to be part of the biocontrol strategy. Thus, biosurfactants are universal tools of great current interest. The present work describes the major types and microbial origin of surfactants and their production optimization from agro-industrial wastes in the batch shake-flasks and bioreactor systems through solid-state and submerged fermentation industries. Various downstream strategies that had been developed to extract and purify biosurfactants are discussed. Further, the physicochemical properties and functional characteristics of biosurfactants open new future prospects for the development of efficient and eco-friendly commercially successful biotechnological product compounds with diverse potential applications in environment, industry, biomedicine, nanotechnology and energy-saving technology as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohy Eldin
- Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environmental Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
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Ammar AB, Bouassida M, Bouallegue A, Fourati N, Gerardi G, Muñiz P, Benito JM, Ghribi D. Isolation and characterization of two glycolipopeptids biosurfactants produced by a Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OL5 strain isolated from green olive curing water. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:308. [PMID: 37715930 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03744-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Microbial surfactants are natural amphiphilic compounds with high surface activities and emulsifying properties. Due to their structural diversity, low toxicity, biodegradability, and chemical stability in different conditions, these molecules are potential substitutes for chemical surfactants; their interest has grown significantly over the last decade. The current study focuses on the isolation, identification, and characterization of a lactic acid bacteria that produce two forms of biosurfactants. The OL5 strain was isolated from green olive fermentation and identified using MALDI/TOF and DNAr16S amplification. Emulsification activity and surface tension measurements were used to estimate biosurfactant production. The two biosurfactants derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OL5 presented good emulsification powers in the presence of various oils. They were also shown to have the potential to reduce water surface tension from 69 mN/m to 34 mN/m and 37 mN/m within a critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 7 mg/ml and 1.8 mg/ml, respectively, for cell bound and extracellular biosurfactants. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and FT-IR were used to analyze the composition of the two biosurfactants produced. the obtained data revealed that the two biomolecules consist of a mixture of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. We demonstrated that they are two anionic biosurfactants with glycolipopeptide nature which are stable in extreme conditions of temperature, pH and salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameni Ben Ammar
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Plantes et de Valorisation des Agro-Ressources, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie.
- Bioréacteur couplé à un ultra-filtra, Ecole Nationale D'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie.
| | - Mouna Bouassida
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Plantes et de Valorisation des Agro-Ressources, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Amir Bouallegue
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Plantes et de Valorisation des Agro-Ressources, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
- Bioréacteur couplé à un ultra-filtra, Ecole Nationale D'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Nada Fourati
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Plantes et de Valorisation des Agro-Ressources, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
| | - Gisela Gerardi
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Pilar Muñiz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel Benito
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, University of Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001, Burgos, Spain
| | - Dhouha Ghribi
- Laboratoire d'Amélioration des Plantes et de Valorisation des Agro-Ressources, Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
- Bioréacteur couplé à un ultra-filtra, Ecole Nationale D'Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie
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Al-Shamiri MM, Wang J, Zhang S, Li P, Odhiambo WO, Chen Y, Han B, Yang E, Xun M, Han L, Han S. Probiotic Lactobacillus Species and Their Biosurfactants Eliminate Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilm in Various Manners. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0461422. [PMID: 36920192 PMCID: PMC10100725 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04614-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is a critical biofilm-forming pathogen that has presented great challenges in the clinic due to multidrug resistance. Thus, new methods of intervention are needed to control biofilm-associated infections. In this study, among three tested Lactobacillus species, Lactobacillus rhamnosus showed significant antimaturation and antiadherence effects against A. baumannii biofilm. Lactic acid (LA) and acetic acid (AA) were the most effective antibiofilm biosurfactants (BSs) produced by L. rhamnosus. This antibiofilm phenomenon produced by LA and AA was due to the strong bactericidal effect, which worked from very early time points, as determined by colony enumeration and confocal laser scanning microscope. The cell destruction of A. baumannii appeared in both the cell envelope and cytoplasm. A discontinuous cell envelope, the leakage of cell contents, and the increased extracellular activity of ATPase demonstrated the disruption of the cell membrane by LA and AA. These effects also demonstrated the occurrence of protein lysis. In addition, bacterial DNA interacted with and was damaged by LA and AA, resulting in significantly reduced expression of biofilm and DNA repair genes. The results highlight the possibility and importance of using probiotics in clinical prevention. Probiotics can be utilized as novel biocides to block and decrease biofilm formation and microbial contamination in medical equipment and during the treatment of infections. IMPORTANCE A. baumannii biofilm is a significant virulence factor that causes the biofilm colonization of invasive illnesses. Rising bacterial resistance to synthetic antimicrobials has prompted researchers to look at natural alternatives, such as probiotics and their derivatives. In this study, L. rhamnosus and its BSs (LA and AA) demonstrated remarkable antibiofilm and antimicrobial characteristics, with a significant inhibitory effect on A. baumannii. These effects were achieved by several mechanisms, including the disruption of the cell envelope membrane, protein lysis, reduced expression of biofilm-related genes, and destruction of bacterial DNA. The results provide support for the possibility of using probiotics and their derivatives in the clinical prevention and therapy of A. baumannii infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Al-Shamiri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Jingdan Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Sirui Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Pu Li
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Woodvine Otieno Odhiambo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanjiong Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Bei Han
- School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - E. Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Xun
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Shaoshan Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Optimization and Chemical Characterization of Biosurfactant Produced from a Novel Pseudomonas guguanensis Strain Iraqi ZG.K.M. Int J Microbiol 2023; 2023:1571991. [PMID: 36776762 PMCID: PMC9908352 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1571991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial surfactants are widely used in medical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, industrial, food, and cosmetics applications. In the present study, 85 indigenous bacteria were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soils of the Al Dourah refinery, electric power station, and electric generators in Baghdad, Iraq. Twenty nine isolates gave positive results in both blood agar and blue agar medium and were secondarily screened. One isolate was selected as a potent biosurfactant producer and molecularly identified and recorded in the NCBI GenBank nucleotide sequence database as Pseudomonas guguanensis strain Iraqi ZG.K.M. In optimized conditions, this strain can produce about 3.01 g/l of biosurfactant. The product could reduce the surface tension from 72 to 38 ± 0.33 mN/m and have E24% of 52 ± 0.33%. This biosurfactant was preliminarily specified to be a glycolipid and characterized as a rhamnolipid with anionic nature, usually to be a monorhamnolipid as evident from TLC, FTIR, and GC-MS analyses.
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Abstract
The major function of the mammalian immune system is to prevent and control infections caused by enteropathogens that collectively have altered human destiny. In fact, as the gastrointestinal tissues are the major interface of mammals with the environment, up to 70% of the human immune system is dedicated to patrolling them The defenses are multi-tiered and include the endogenous microflora that mediate colonization resistance as well as physical barriers intended to compartmentalize infections. The gastrointestinal tract and associated lymphoid tissue are also protected by sophisticated interleaved arrays of active innate and adaptive immune defenses. Remarkably, some bacterial enteropathogens have acquired an arsenal of virulence factors with which they neutralize all these formidable barriers to infection, causing disease ranging from mild self-limiting gastroenteritis to in some cases devastating human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah J. Worley
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA,CONTACT Micah J. Worley Department of Biology, University of Louisville, 139 Life Sciences Bldg, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Remodeling of the Enterococcal Cell Envelope during Surface Penetration Promotes Intrinsic Resistance to Stress. mBio 2022; 13:e0229422. [PMID: 36354750 PMCID: PMC9765498 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02294-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is a normal commensal of the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT). However, upon disruption of gut homeostasis, this nonmotile bacterium can egress from its natural niche and spread to distal organs. While this translocation process can lead to life-threatening systemic infections, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Our prior work showed that E. faecalis migration across diverse surfaces requires the formation of matrix-covered multicellular aggregates and the synthesis of exopolysaccharides, but how enterococcal cells are reprogrammed during this process is unknown. Whether surface penetration endows E. faecalis with adaptive advantages is also uncertain. Here, we report that surface penetration promotes the generation of a metabolically and phenotypically distinct E. faecalis population with an enhanced capacity to endure various forms of extracellular stress. Surface-invading enterococci demonstrated major ultrastructural alterations in their cell envelope characterized by increased membrane glycolipid content. These changes were accompanied by marked induction of specific transcriptional programs enhancing cell envelope biogenesis and glycolipid metabolism. Notably, the surface-invading population demonstrated superior tolerance to membrane-damaging antimicrobials, including daptomycin and β-defensins produced by epithelial cells. Genetic mutations impairing glycolipid biosynthesis sensitized E. faecalis to envelope stressors and reduced the ability of this bacterium to penetrate semisolid surfaces and translocate through human intestinal epithelial cell monolayers. Our study reveals that surface penetration induces distinct transcriptional, metabolic, and ultrastructural changes that equip E. faecalis with enhanced capacity to resist external stressors and thrive in its surrounding environment. IMPORTANCE Enterococcus faecalis inhabits the GIT of multiple organisms, where its establishment could be mediated by the formation of biofilm-like aggregates. In susceptible individuals, this bacterium can overgrow and breach intestinal barriers, a process that may lead to lethal systemic infections. While the formation of multicellular aggregates promotes E. faecalis migration across surfaces, little is known about the metabolic and physiological states of the enterococci encased in these surface-penetrating structures. The present study reveals that E. faecalis cells capable of migrating through semisolid surfaces genetically reprogram their metabolism toward increased cell envelope and glycolipid biogenesis, which confers superior tolerance to membrane-damaging agents. E. faecalis's success as a pathobiont depends on its antimicrobial resistance, as well as on its rapid adaptability to overcome multiple environmental challenges. Thus, targeting adaptive genetic and/or metabolic pathways induced during E. faecalis surface penetration may be useful to better confront infections by this bacterium in the clinic.
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Production, Characterization, and Application of Biosurfactant From Lactobacillus plantarum OG8 Isolated From Fermenting Maize ( Zea Mays) Slurry. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS CIBINIENSIS. SERIES E: FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aucft-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Biosurfactants have wide applications in several industries. However, high production costs and safety concerns have limited their comprehensive use. Twenty-five strains of lactic acid bacteria, isolated from fermenting maize slurry, were screened for biosurfactant production using the emulsification activity (E24) assay. The selected bacterium was identified molecularly using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Lactobacillus plantarum OG8. The effect of some cultural factors on biosurfactant production from the bacterium, using pineapple peel as a low-cost substrate, was investigated. The optimum yield of biosurfactant occurred at a 48 h incubation period, using glucose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The biosurfactant was characterized to possess mostly carbohydrates, followed by protein and lipid contents. Optima pH 10.0 and temperature 60 °C were the best for the biosurfactant activity. The biosurfactant exhibited antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, at a concentration of 5.0 mg/mL. The use of pineapple peel as a low-cost substrate for biosurfactant production from Lactobacillus plantarum OG8 will serve for cost-effective production. The biosurfactantt produced exhibited promising properties such as thermostability and antimicrobial activity against food spoilage and pathogenes that could make it suitable for food processing and preservation.
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Thorakkattu P, Khanashyam AC, Shah K, Babu KS, Mundanat AS, Deliephan A, Deokar GS, Santivarangkna C, Nirmal NP. Postbiotics: Current Trends in Food and Pharmaceutical Industry. Foods 2022; 11:3094. [PMID: 36230169 PMCID: PMC9564201 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postbiotics are non-viable bacterial products or metabolic byproducts produced by probiotic microorganisms that have biologic activity in the host. Postbiotics are functional bioactive compounds, generated in a matrix during anaerobic fermentation of organic nutrients like prebiotics, for the generation of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate. The byproducts of this metabolic sequence are called postbiotics, these are low molecular weight soluble compounds either secreted by live microflora or released after microbial cell lysis. A few examples of widely studied postbiotics are short-chain fatty acids, microbial cell fragments, extracellular polysaccharides, cell lysates, teichoic acid, vitamins, etc. Presently, prebiotics and probiotics are the products on the market; however, postbiotics are also gaining a great deal of attention. The numerous health advantages of postbiotic components may soon lead to an increase in consumer demand for postbiotic supplements. The most recent research aspects of postbiotics in the food and pharmaceutical industries are included in this review. The review encompasses a brief introduction, classification, production technologies, characterization, biological activities, and potential applications of postbiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Thorakkattu
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | | | - Kartik Shah
- Sargento Foods, 305 Pine Street, Elkhart Lake, WI 53020, USA
| | - Karthik Sajith Babu
- Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Anjaly Shanker Mundanat
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat 131028, India
| | | | - Gitanjali S. Deokar
- Department of Quality Assurance, MET’s Institute of Pharmacy, Bhujbal Knowledge City, Nashik 422003, India
| | - Chalat Santivarangkna
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Nilesh Prakash Nirmal
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
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Lara VM, Mendonça CM, Silva FV, Marguet ER, Vallejo M, Converti A, Varani AM, Gliemmo MF, Campos CA, Oliveira RP. Characterization of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Tw226 strain and its use for the production of a new membrane-bound biosurfactant. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Formulation of a glycolipid:lipopeptide mixture as biosurfactant-based dispersant and development of a low-cost glycolipid production process. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16353. [PMID: 36175491 PMCID: PMC9522864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20795-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactant-based dispersants were formulated by mixing glycolipids from Weissella cibaria PN3 and lipopeptides from Bacillus subtilis GY19 to enhance the synergistic effect and thereby achieve hydrophilic-lipophilic balance. The proportions of each biosurfactant and dispersant-to-oil ratios (DORs) were varied to obtain the appropriated formulations. The most efficient glycolipid:lipopeptide mixtures (F1 and F2) had oil displacement activities of 81–88% for fuel and crude oils. The baffled flask test of these formulations showed 77–79% dispersion effectiveness at a DOR of 1:25. To reduce the cost of the dispersant, this study optimized the glycolipid production process by using immobilized cells in a stirred tank fermenter. Semicontinuous glycolipid production was carried out conveniently for 3 cycles. Moreover, food wastes, including waste coconut water and waste frying oil, were found to promote glycolipid production. Glycolipids from the optimized process and substrates had similar characteristics but 20–50% lower cost than those produced from basal medium with soybean oil in shaking flasks. The lowest cost dispersant formulation (F2*) contained 10 g/L waste-derived cell-bound glycolipid and 10 g/L lipopeptide and showed high dispersion efficiency with various oils. Therefore, this biosurfactant-based dispersant could be produced on a larger scale for further application.
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Raj A, Kumar A, Dames JF. Tapping the Role of Microbial Biosurfactants in Pesticide Remediation: An Eco-Friendly Approach for Environmental Sustainability. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:791723. [PMID: 35003022 PMCID: PMC8733403 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.791723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides are used indiscriminately all over the world to protect crops from pests and pathogens. If they are used in excess, they contaminate the soil and water bodies and negatively affect human health and the environment. However, bioremediation is the most viable option to deal with these pollutants, but it has certain limitations. Therefore, harnessing the role of microbial biosurfactants in pesticide remediation is a promising approach. Biosurfactants are the amphiphilic compounds that can help to increase the bioavailability of pesticides, and speeds up the bioremediation process. Biosurfactants lower the surface area and interfacial tension of immiscible fluids and boost the solubility and sorption of hydrophobic pesticide contaminants. They have the property of biodegradability, low toxicity, high selectivity, and broad action spectrum under extreme pH, temperature, and salinity conditions, as well as a low critical micelle concentration (CMC). All these factors can augment the process of pesticide remediation. Application of metagenomic and in-silico tools would help by rapidly characterizing pesticide degrading microorganisms at a taxonomic and functional level. A comprehensive review of the literature shows that the role of biosurfactants in the biological remediation of pesticides has received limited attention. Therefore, this article is intended to provide a detailed overview of the role of various biosurfactants in improving pesticide remediation as well as different methods used for the detection of microbial biosurfactants. Additionally, this article covers the role of advanced metagenomics tools in characterizing the biosurfactant producing pesticide degrading microbes from different environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Raj
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (Central University), Sagar, India
- Mycorrhizal Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Joanna Felicity Dames
- Mycorrhizal Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
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Sharma V, Singh D, Manzoor M, Banpurkar AG, Satpute SK, Sharma D. Characterization and cytotoxicity assessment of biosurfactant derived from Lactobacillus pentosus NCIM 2912. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 53:327-340. [PMID: 34816387 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00654-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Noteworthy properties of biosurfactant (BS) are fascinating scientific fraternity to explore them for food, medicinal, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical etc. applications. Newer products intended for pharmaceutical purposes are mandatory to go through pragmatic evaluation protocols. BS, being less cytotoxic, offers an ideal candidature for widespread applications in the healthcare sector. The goal of the current study was the isolation, physico-chemical characterization, and safety assessment of cell-associated biosurfactant (CABS) from Lactobacillus pentosus NCIM 2912. The culture was grown in a 3-L fermentor to produce CABS from the cell pellets through procedures like centrifugation, filtration, dialysis, column chromatography, and freeze-drying. Further, physical properties like surface tension (ST), critical micelle concentration (CMC), contact angle (CA), emulsification activity, stability of emulsion (height of emulsion, the extent of coalescence, and appearance), and ionic character of CABS were evaluated. Analytical characterization through TLC, FTIR, NMR, and GC-MS was carried out. The physico-chemical characterization revealed CABS as an anionic, multicomponent glycolipopeptide having a hydrophobic chain comprising butanoic acid (C4), decanoic acid (C10), undecanoic acid (C11), tridecanoic acid (C13), hexadecenoic acid (C16), and octadecanoic acid (C18). The oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions formed by CABS with various oils (olive, sesame, soybean, coconut) were stabilized up to the 7th day of storage and were analogous with polysorbate 80 (emulsifier/defoamer used in food industries). The O/W emulsions are quite stable at room temperature with no evidence of coalescence of droplets around 1 week. The cytotoxicity of CABS was evaluated through MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Cytotoxicity study performed on the human embryonic kidney (HEK 293), mouse fibroblast ATCC L929 and human epithelial type (HEP-2) cell lines recorded viability of 90.3 ± 0.1%, 99.2 ± 0.43, and 94.3 ± 0.2% respectively. The toxicity of the BS was comparable to that of the commercially used rhamnolipid sample. Thus, CABS derived from L. pentosus NCIM 2912 pose promising applications in the pharmaceutical, food industries acquiescently. The multifunctional potential of the incredibly versatile microbial product like BS from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) certainly contributes to wider avenues for varied industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303002, India
| | - Deepti Singh
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303002, India
| | - Mehak Manzoor
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303002, India
| | - Arun G Banpurkar
- Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Surekha K Satpute
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Deepansh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303002, India.
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Adnan M, Siddiqui AJ, Hamadou WS, Ashraf SA, Hassan MI, Snoussi M, Badraoui R, Jamal A, Bardakci F, Awadelkareem AM, Sachidanandan M, Patel M. Functional and Structural Characterization of Pediococcus pentosaceus-Derived Biosurfactant and Its Biomedical Potential against Bacterial Adhesion, Quorum Sensing, and Biofilm Formation. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10111371. [PMID: 34827310 PMCID: PMC8614858 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface-active molecules of microbial origin and alternatives to synthetic surfactants with various applications. Due to their environmental-friendliness, biocompatibility, biodegradability, effectiveness to work under various environmental conditions, and non-toxic nature, they have been recently recognized as potential agents with therapeutic and commercial importance. The biosurfactant produced by various probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has enormous applications in different fields. Thus, in vitro assessment of biofilm development prevention or disruption by natural biosurfactants derived from probiotic LAB is a plausible approach that can lead to the discovery of novel antimicrobials. Primarily, this study aims to isolate, screen, and characterize the functional and biomedical potential of biosurfactant synthesized by probiotic LAB Pediococcus pentosaceus (P. pentosaceus). Characterization consists of the assessment of critical micelle concentration (CMC), reduction in surface tension, and emulsification index (% EI24). Evaluation of antibacterial, antibiofilm, anti-QS, and anti-adhesive activities of cell-bound biosurfactants were carried out against different human pathogenic bacteria (B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. coli). Moreover, bacterial cell damage, viability of cells within the biofilm, and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production were also evaluated. As a result, P. pentosaceus was found to produce 4.75 ± 0.17 g/L biosurfactant, which displayed a CMC of 2.4 ± 0.68 g/L and reduced the surface tension from 71.11 ± 1.12 mN/m to 38.18 ± 0.58 mN/m. P. pentosaceus cells bound to the crude biosurfactant were found to be effective against all tested bacterial pathogens. It exhibited an anti-adhesion ability and impeded the architecture of the biofilm matrix by affecting the viability and integrity of bacterial cells within biofilms and reducing the total EPS content. Furthermore, the crude biosurfactant derived from P. pentosaceus was structurally characterized as a lipoprotein by GC-MS analysis, which confirms the presence of lipids and proteins. Thus, our findings represent the potent anti-adhesion and antibiofilm potential of P. pentosaceus crude biosurfactant for the first time, which may be explored further as an alternative to antibiotics or chemically synthesized toxic antibiofilm agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (W.S.H.); (M.S.); (R.B.); (A.J.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (W.S.H.); (M.S.); (R.B.); (A.J.); (F.B.)
| | - Walid Sabri Hamadou
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (W.S.H.); (M.S.); (R.B.); (A.J.); (F.B.)
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 10025, India;
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (W.S.H.); (M.S.); (R.B.); (A.J.); (F.B.)
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biodiversity and Valorisation of Bioresources, High Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Badraoui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (W.S.H.); (M.S.); (R.B.); (A.J.); (F.B.)
- Section of Histology-Cytology, Medicine Faculty of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, La Rabta-Tunis 1007, Tunisia
| | - Arshad Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (W.S.H.); (M.S.); (R.B.); (A.J.); (F.B.)
| | - Fevzi Bardakci
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (W.S.H.); (M.S.); (R.B.); (A.J.); (F.B.)
| | - Amir Mahgoub Awadelkareem
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Manojkumar Sachidanandan
- Department of Oral Radiology, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Bapalal Vaidya Botanical Research Center, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat 395007, India
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (M.P.)
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Pan I. Exploration for Thermostable β-Amylase of a Bacillus sp. Isolated from Compost Soil to Degrade Bacterial Biofilm. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0064721. [PMID: 34612670 PMCID: PMC8510184 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00647-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to explore biofilm degradation using extracellular amylase, a potent amylase-producing bacterium of compost origin, B. subtilis B1U/1, was found to grow suitably in a simple medium of pH 7.5 for 48 h at 37°C under agitation of 140 rpm. This bacillary amylase was recovered by ammonium sulfate precipitation and purified to near homogeneity by membrane filtration and DEAE cellulose column chromatography. The amylase was purified to 4.5-fold with almost 50% yield and 26 kDa of molecular weight. Stable enzyme activity was found in a pH range of 5.2 to 9.0, while 90% residual activity was recorded at 90°C, indicating its thermostable nature. In the presence of 1 mM Fe++ and Ca++, the activity of amylase improved; however, it is inhibited by 1 mM Cu++. In the presence of 5% NaCl concentration, amylase showed 50% residual activity. The end product analysis identified the enzyme as β-amylase, and a crystal violet assay ensured that it can degrade Pseudomonas aeruginosa (78%) and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm efficiently (75%). The experiments carried out with the compost soil isolate were promising not only for biotechnological exploitation due to its pH flexibility during growth but also for high efficiency in the degradation of biofilms, which makes the organism a potent candidate in the fields of food industries and biomedical engineering, where it can be used as a prosthetic and hip joint cleaner. The β-amylase is highly thermostable since it withstands an elevated temperature for a prolonged period with a minimum loss of activity and is also moderately salt and metal tolerant. IMPORTANCE More than 85% of nosocomial infections are due to the development of bacterial biofilms. Recent research proposed that biofilm-like structures are not only visible in autopsies, biopsies, patients with chronic wounds, and exudates in animal models but are also present in biomedical devices, implants, prosthetic valves, urinary catheters, etc. Because complete eradication of biofilm is highly challenging, alternative methods, such as enzymatic damage of extracellular matrix and mechanical removal, are being implemented due to their easy availability, low cost, and high yield. Organisms from compost piles are rich sources of diverse extracellular enzymes with a high level of stability, which makes them able to withstand the different conditions of their environments. Under diverse environmental conditions, the enzymes are active to continue degradation processes, making them potential candidates in waste management, medicine, and the food and agriculture industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieshita Pan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Divyashree S, Anjali PG, Somashekaraiah R, Sreenivasa MY. Probiotic properties of Lactobacillus casei - MYSRD 108 and Lactobacillus plantarum-MYSRD 71 with potential antimicrobial activity against Salmonella paratyphi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 32:e00672. [PMID: 34540599 PMCID: PMC8435700 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the anti-salmonella activity by cell free supernatant of potential probiotics strains. Lactobacillus casei MYSRD 108 and Lactobacillus plantarum MYSRD 71 strains exhibited strong survival and antagonistic activities for probiotic application in the gastrointestinal tract against S. paratyphi biofilm. The CFS were characterized by various constraints and represented antagonistic activity against Salmonella due to the presence of organic acids that lowered the pH. The strains may be used to produce antimicrobial compounds which can be a substitute for chemical preservatives in food industry.
A total of 130 isolates were screened, twelve isolates were characterized for probiotic attributes and two isolates with best probiotic features were evaluated in the study. Isolates MYSRD108 and MYSRD71 survived gastric conditions and were susceptible to tested antibiotics. Isolates showed more vital cell surface traits such as autoaggregation of 89.2 and 88.5% and cell surface hydrophobicity of 61 and 64%. PCR amplification followed by 16sRNA sequencing results confirmed that the isolates as Lactobacillus casei (MYSRD 108) and Lactobacillus plantarum (MYSRD 71). During this study, the Cells and their Cell Free Supernatant (CFS) were examined for antimicrobial activity. Both the isolates inhibited different bacterial pathogens in which the growth of S. paratyphi was significantly reduced. Further, their CFS also showed inhibitory effects against S. paratyphi with agar well diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration using Broth micro dilution method. The antimicrobial compounds in the CFS was characterized to different constraints such as pH neutralization, heat treatment, Hydrogen peroxide test and storage stability at -20> °C and represented that the antagonistic acitivity against Salmonella is due to the presence of organic acids in the supernatants that lowered the pH. These strains were further examined for the inhibition of S. paratyphi biofilm. The results indicated that CFS reduced S. paratyphi biofilm by more than 75% and the number of Salmonella biofilm was effectively reduced using 15% concentration of CFS. These strains may be used to produce antimicrobial compounds which can be a substitute for chemical preservatives in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Divyashree
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - P G Anjali
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rakesh Somashekaraiah
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - M Y Sreenivasa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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19
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Bacterial inoculant-assisted phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil: Inoculant development and the inoculation effects. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Prakash AA, Prabhu NS, Rajasekar A, Parthipan P, AlSalhi MS, Devanesan S, Govarthanan M. Bio-electrokinetic remediation of crude oil contaminated soil enhanced by bacterial biosurfactant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124061. [PMID: 33092887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluating the coupling between bioremediation (BIO) and electrokinetic (EK) remediation of crude oil hydrocarbon by using bio-electrokinetic (BIO-EK) technique. The application of bacterial biosurfactant (BS) may increase the remediation efficiency by increasing the solubility of organic materials. In this work, the potential biosurfactant producing marine bacteria were isolated and identified by 16S rDNA analysis namely Bacillus subtilis AS2, Bacillus licheniformis AS3 and Bacillus velezensis AS4. Biodegradation efficiency of crude oil was found as 88%, 92% and 97% for strain AS2, AS3 and AS4 respectively, with the optimum temperature of 37 °C and pH 7. FTIR confirm the BS belongs to lipopeptide in nature. GCMS reveals that three isolates degraded the lower to higher molecular weight of the crude oil (C8 to C28) effectively. Results showed that use of BS in electokinetic remediation enhance the biodegradation rate of crude oil contaminated soil about 92% than EK (60%) in 2 days operation. BS enhances the solubilization of hydrocarbon and it leads to the faster electromigration of hydrocarbon to the anodic compartment, which was confirmed by the presence of higher total organic content than the EK. This study proven that the BIO-EK combined with BS can be used to enhance in situ bioremediation of petroleum contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Arul Prakash
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore 632 115, India
| | - Natarajan Srinivasa Prabhu
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620 024, India
| | - Aruliah Rajasekar
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore 632 115, India
| | - Punniyakotti Parthipan
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore 632 115, India; Electrochemical Energy Research Lab, Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
| | - Mohamad S AlSalhi
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandhanasamy Devanesan
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muthusamy Govarthanan
- Research Chair in Laser Diagnosis of Cancers, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak‑ro, Buk‑gu, Daegu 41566, South Korea.
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21
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Sakr EAE, Ahmed HAE, Abo Saif FAA. Characterization of low-cost glycolipoprotein biosurfactant produced by Lactobacillus plantarum 60 FHE isolated from cheese samples using food wastes through response surface methodology and its potential as antimicrobial, antiviral, and anticancer activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 170:94-106. [PMID: 33358950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Considering the need of new lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for the production of novel biosurfactant (BS) molecules, the current study brings out a new insight on the exploration of cheese samples for BS producers and process optimization for industrial applications. In view of this, Lactobacillus plantarum 60FHE, Lactobacillus paracasei 75FHE, and Lactobacillus paracasei 77FHE were selected as the most operative strains. The biosurfactants (BSs) described as glycolipoproteins via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) exhibited antimicrobial activity against the food-borne pathogens. L. plantarum 60FHE BS showed an anticancer activity against colon carcinoma cells and had a week antiviral activity against Hepatitis A virus. Furthermore, glycolipoprotein production was enhanced by 1.42-fold through the development of an optimized process using central composite design (CCD). Emulsifying activities were stable after 60-min incubation from 4 to 120 °C, at pH 2-12, and after the addition of NaCl (2-14%). Characterization by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR) revealed that BS produced from strain 60FHE was glycolipoprotein. L. plantarum produced mixed BSs determined by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Thus, indicating that BS was applied as a microbial food prevention and biomedical. Also, L. plantarum 60FHE BS was achieved with the use of statistical optimization on inexpensive food wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtehag A E Sakr
- Botany Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hala Abd Elmonem Ahmed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Feriala A A Abo Saif
- Botany Department, Faculty of Women for Arts, Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Rodríguez-López L, López-Prieto A, Lopez-Álvarez M, Pérez-Davila S, Serra J, González P, Cruz JM, Moldes AB. Characterization and Cytotoxic Effect of Biosurfactants Obtained from Different Sources. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:31381-31390. [PMID: 33324849 PMCID: PMC7726928 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, five biosurfactant extracts, obtained from different sources, all of them with demonstrated antimicrobial properties, were characterized and subjected to a cytotoxic study using mouse fibroblast cells (NCTC clone 929). Biosurfactant extracts obtained directly from corn steep water (CSW) showed similar surfactant characteristics to those of the extracellular biosurfactant extract produced by Bacillus isolated from CSW and grown in tryptic soy broth, observing that they are amphoteric, consisting of viscous and yellowish liquid with no foaming capacity. Contrarily, cell-bound biosurfactant extracts produced from Lactobacillus pentosus or produced by Bacillus sp isolated from CSW are nonionic, consisting of a white powder with foaming capacity. All the biosurfactants possess a similar fatty acid composition. The cytotoxic test revealed that the extracts under evaluation, at a concentration of 1 g/L, were not cytotoxic for fibroblasts (fibroblast growth > 90%). The biosurfactant extract obtained from CSW with ethyl acetate, at 1 g/L, showed the highest cytotoxic effect but above the cytotoxicity limit established by the UNE-EN-ISO10993-5. It is remarkable that the cell-bound biosurfactant produced by L. pentosus, at a concentration of 1 g/L, promoted the growth of the fibroblast up to 113%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Rodríguez-López
- EQ10 Group, CINTECX,
Department Chemical Engineering, Universidade
de Vigo-University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Alejandro López-Prieto
- EQ10 Group, CINTECX,
Department Chemical Engineering, Universidade
de Vigo-University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Miriam Lopez-Álvarez
- New Materials Group,
CINTECX, IISGS, Department Applied Physics, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Sara Pérez-Davila
- New Materials Group,
CINTECX, IISGS, Department Applied Physics, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Julia Serra
- New Materials Group,
CINTECX, IISGS, Department Applied Physics, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - Pío González
- New Materials Group,
CINTECX, IISGS, Department Applied Physics, University of Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - José Manuel Cruz
- EQ10 Group, CINTECX,
Department Chemical Engineering, Universidade
de Vigo-University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Ana B. Moldes
- EQ10 Group, CINTECX,
Department Chemical Engineering, Universidade
de Vigo-University of Vigo, Campus As Lagoas-Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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23
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Moradi M, Molaei R, Guimarães JT. A review on preparation and chemical analysis of postbiotics from lactic acid bacteria. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 143:109722. [PMID: 33375981 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Postbiotics may be defined as soluble metabolites released by food-grade microorganisms during the growth and fermentation in complex microbiological culture, food or gut. It is rich in high and low molecular weight biologically active metabolites. There are still gaps concerning these substances, mainly how to use them for food applications. Although the most recent work on preparation and application of postbiotics from several probiotics are very encouraging, the suitability of postbiotics to combat microorganisms that deal with food safety should be tested mainly by analyzing the chemical composition and conducting antagonistic tests. Consequently, foods can effectively benefit from an identified postbiotic with a defined effect. This review approached the recent advances in relation to the preparation of postbiotics from lactic acid bacteria. The function of different instrumental analysis techniques and factors affecting the chemical composition of postbiotics were also comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Moradi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Rahim Molaei
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Jonas T Guimarães
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Microbial Biosurfactants in Cosmetic and Personal Skincare Pharmaceutical Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111099. [PMID: 33207832 PMCID: PMC7696787 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cosmetic and personal care products are globally used and often applied directly on the human skin. According to a recent survey in Europe, the market value of cosmetic and personal care products in Western Europe reached about 84 billion euros in 2018 and are predicted to increase by approximately 6% by the end of 2020. With these significant sums of money spent annually on cosmetic and personal care products, along with chemical surfactants being the main ingredient in a number of their formulations, of which many have been reported to have the potential to cause detrimental effects such as allergic reactions and skin irritations to the human skin; hence, the need for the replacement of chemical surfactants with other compounds that would have less or no negative effects on skin health. Biosurfactants (surfactants of biological origin) have exhibited great potential such as lower toxicity, skin compatibility, protection and surface moisturizing effects which are key components for an effective skincare routine. This review discusses the antimicrobial, skin surface moisturizing and low toxicity properties of glycolipid and lipopeptide biosurfactants which could make them suitable substitutes for chemical surfactants in current cosmetic and personal skincare pharmaceutical formulations. Finally, we discuss some challenges and possible solutions for biosurfactant applications.
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Subsanguan T, Khondee N, Nawavimarn P, Rongsayamanont W, Chen CY, Luepromchai E. Reuse of Immobilized Weissella cibaria PN3 for Long-Term Production of Both Extracellular and Cell-Bound Glycolipid Biosurfactants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:751. [PMID: 32719789 PMCID: PMC7347796 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) are generally recognized as safe (GRAS), and therefore, LAB biosurfactants are beneficial with negligible negative impacts. This study aims to maintain the biosurfactant producing activity of an LAB strain, Weissella cibaria PN3, by immobilizing the bacterial cells on a commercial porous carrier. For biosurfactant production, 2% soybean oil was used as the carbon source. After 72 h, immobilized cells were reused by replacing production medium. The extracellular and cell-bound biosurfactants were extracted from the resulting cell-free broth and cell pellets, respectively. SEM images of used immobilizing carriers showed increased surface roughness and clogged pores over time. Thus, the immobilizing carriers were washed in PBS buffer (pH 8.0) before reuse. To maintain biosurfactant production activity, immobilized cells were reactivated every three production cycles by incubating the washed immobilizing carriers in LB medium for 48 h. The maximum yields of purified extracellular (1.46 g/L) and cell-bound biosurfactants (1.99 g/L) were achieved in the 4th production cycle. The repeated biosurfactant production of nine cycles were completed within 1 month, while only 2 g of immobilized cells/L were applied. The extracellular and cell-bound biosurfactants had comparable surface tensions (31 - 33 mN/m); however, their CMC values were different (1.6 and 3.2 g/L, respectively). Both biosurfactants had moderate oil displacement efficiency with crude oil samples but formed emulsions well with gasoline, diesel, and lavender, lemongrass and coconut oils. The results suggested that the biosurfactants were relatively hydrophilic. In addition, the mixing of both biosurfactants showed a synergistic effect, as seen from the increased emulsifying activity with palm, soybean and crude oils. The biosurfactants at 10 - 16 mg/mL showed antimicrobial activity toward some bacteria and yeast but not filamentous fungi. The molecular structures of these biosurfactants were characterized by FTIR as different glycolipid congeners. The biosurfactant production process by immobilized Weissella cibaria PN3 cells was relatively cheap given that two types of biosurfactants were simultaneously produced and no new inoculum was required. The acquired glycolipid biosurfactants have high potential to be used separately or as mixed biosurfactants in various products, such as cleaning agents, food-grade emulsifiers and cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tipsuda Subsanguan
- International Program in Hazardous Substance and Environmental Management, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Research Program on Remediation Technologies for Petroleum Contamination, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nichakorn Khondee
- Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Parisarin Nawavimarn
- Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Chien-Yen Chen
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ekawan Luepromchai
- Research Program on Remediation Technologies for Petroleum Contamination, Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Microbial Technology for Marine Pollution Treatment Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Biosurfactant Production and its Role in Candida albicans Biofilm Inhibition. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.14.2.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Singh V, Saha S, Padmanabhan P. Assessment of the Wettability of Hydrophobic Solid Substrate by Biosurfactant Produced by Bacillus aryabhattai SPS1001. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:1716-1723. [PMID: 32303777 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-01985-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Characterized biosurfactant produced by Bacillus aryabhattai SPS1001 isolated from crude oil contaminated soil of Haldia Oil Refinery, IOCL, West Bengal, India, was used to evaluate the surface energy and wettability of hydrophobic substrate by sessile drop method. Bacterial cell culture with cells removed was screened for biosurfactant production by drop collapse assay where drop diameter measured was 12.53 ± 0.01 mN/m and 11.79 ± 0.01 mN/m, respectively, on using hydrophobic substrate diesel oil and n-hexadecane in mineral salt medium. Moreover, the surface tension recorded was 24.4 ± 0.02 and 25.9 ± 0.02 mN/m, whereas interfacial tension measured was 0.28 ± 0.02 and 0.35 ± 0.04 mN/m against diesel oil and n-hexadecane, respectively. Additionally, at liquid-solid (silicone oil-coated glass surface) interface, decrease in contact angles of cell culture with cells removed sample (14.02 ± 0.2° and 14.95 ± 0.6°) translated into increase in surface energy of hydrophobic solid surface and quantitatively measured to 23.70 (diesel oil) and 24.57 (n-hexadecane) mN/m, respectively. Presence of biosurfactant in cell culture with cells removed sample plays an important role in lowering contact angle and in deciding the wetting condition of an oil-wet solid (silicone oil-coated) glass surface to water-wet state. Hence, the wetting property of biosurfactant finds applications in various areas such as coating, printing, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Singh
- Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Sriparna Saha
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India
| | - Padmini Padmanabhan
- Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India.
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Bioconversion of Agroindustrial Waste in the Production of Bioemulsifier by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia UCP 1601 and Application in Bioremediation Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/9434059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of the bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia UCP 1601 to produce a new biomolecule with emulsifying properties by determining the hemolytic activity, obtaining a halo of 9 mm in blood agar. Fermentations were carried out in saline mineral medium supplemented with 10% waste soybean oil (WSO) and different concentrations of glucose, peptone, ZnCl2, and MgSO4, according to a 24 full-factorial design. The results showed that the best results were obtained in condition 6 (medium composed of 4% glucose, 1% peptone, 2.72% ZnCl2, and 2.46% MgSO4), with excellent high emulsification index of 82.74%, using burned motor oil. The emulsifying property of the biomolecule produced was confirmed by the emulsification index of 78.57, 54.07, and 58.62%, using soybean, corn, and diesel oils, respectively, and the stability at different values of pH, temperature, and NaCl concentrations. The yield of the produced bioemulsifier was 2.8 g/L, presenting an anionic character and polymeric nature (37.6% lipids, 28.2% proteins, and 14.7% carbohydrates), confirmed by FTIR. The new bioemulsifier demonstrated promising potential for bioremediation of hydrophobic contaminants in the environment, since it had the ability to reduce the viscosity of WSO and burned motor oil, as well as excellent dispersion capacity of the burned motor oil in water (69.94 cm2 of oil displacement area), and removing 71.7% of this petroleum derivative from sandy soil.
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Jimoh AA, Lin J. Biotechnological Applications of Paenibacillus sp. D9 Lipopeptide Biosurfactant Produced in Low-cost Substrates. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:921-941. [PMID: 31933124 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study assesses the Paenibacillus sp. D9 lipopeptide biosurfactant synthesis in cheap substrates including functional properties and applicability for varying biotechnological processes. Different experimental setups were made for oil dispersion, heavy metals removals from contaminated environments, and washing performance. The study revealed surface tension activities of 31.7-32.7 mN/m, and maximum biosurfactant yield of more than 8 g/L. Removals of 85.90%, 98.68%, 99.97%, 63.28%, 99.93%, and 94.22% were obtained for Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, and Zn, respectively from acid mine effluents. In comparison with chemical surfactants, there was pronounced removal of heavy metals from wastewater, contaminated sands, and vegetable matter, as well as improved oil dispersing activity. A comparative study revealed that biosurfactant was more efficient (> 60%) for removal of tomato sauce and coffee stains than chemical surfactants (< 50%). Thus, lipopeptide biosurfactants are green biomolecules reducing hazards and contaminations within the environment. The future use of this lipopeptide biosurfactant is greatly promising in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Adekilekun Jimoh
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville campus), Private Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Johnson Lin
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville campus), Private Bag X 54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Ali N, Wang F, Xu B, Safdar B, Ullah A, Naveed M, Wang C, Rashid MT. Production and Application of Biosurfactant Produced by Bacillus Licheniformis Ali5 in Enhanced Oil Recovery and Motor Oil Removal from Contaminated Sand. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24244448. [PMID: 31817293 PMCID: PMC6943484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study describes the production of biosurfactant from isolate B. licheniformis Ali5. Seven different, previously-reported minimal media were screened for biosurfactant production, and two selected media were further optimized for carbon source. Further, various fermentation conditions such as (pH 2–12, temperature 20–50 °C, agitation speed 100–300 rpm, NaCl (0–30 g·L−1) were investigated. The partially purified biosurfactant was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS) and found a lipopeptide mixture, similar to lichenysin-A. Biosurfactant reduced surface tension from 72.0 to 26.21 ± 0.3 and interfacial tension by 0.26 ± 0.1 mN·m−1 respectively, biosurfactant yield under optimized conditions was 1 g·L−1, with critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 21 mg·L−1 with high emulsification activity of (E24) 66.4 ± 1.4% against crude oil. Biosurfactant was found to be stable over extreme conditions. It also altered the wettability of hydrophobic surface by changing the contact angle from 49.76° to 16.97°. Biosurfactant efficiently removed (70-79%) motor oil from sand, with an efficiency of more than 2 fold as compared without biosurfactant (36–38%). It gave 32% additional oil recovery over residual oil saturation upon application to a sand-packed column. These results are indicative of potential application of biosurfactant in wettability alteration and ex-situ microbial enhanced oil recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawazish Ali
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (A.U.); (M.N.); (C.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Fenghuan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (A.U.); (M.N.); (C.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (B.X.); Tel.: +86-10-68985252 (F.W.); +86-10-68985332 (B.X.)
| | - Baocai Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (A.U.); (M.N.); (C.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (B.X.); Tel.: +86-10-68985252 (F.W.); +86-10-68985332 (B.X.)
| | - Bushra Safdar
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (A.U.); (M.N.); (C.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Asad Ullah
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (A.U.); (M.N.); (C.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
- Food and Marine Resources Research Center, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Shahrah-e-Dr. Salim-uz-Zaman Siddiqui, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (A.U.); (M.N.); (C.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ce Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China; (N.A.); (B.S.); (A.U.); (M.N.); (C.W.)
- School of Light Industry, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
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Konkol D, Szmigiel I, Domżał-Kędzia M, Kułażyński M, Krasowska A, Opaliński S, Korczyński M, Łukaszewicz M. Biotransformation of rapeseed meal leading to production of polymers, biosurfactants, and fodder. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:102865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Jimoh AA, Lin J. Biosurfactant: A new frontier for greener technology and environmental sustainability. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 184:109607. [PMID: 31505408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Petroleum hydrocarbons, oil, heavy metals pollution is becoming additional severe problem due to the growing call for crude oil and crude oil products related products in several fields of application. Such pollution have fascinated much considerations and attractions as it leads to ecological damages in both marines, aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Thus, different techniques including chemical surfactants and complex technologies have been proposed for their clean up from the environment, which in turn has detrimental effects on the environment. As of late, biosurfactant compounds have added much deliberation since they are considered as a reasonable option and eco-accommodating materials for remediation technology. The present society is confronting a few difficulties of usage, authorizing ecological protection and environmental change for the next generations. Biosurfactants hold the special property of minimizing and reducing the interfacial tension of liquids. Such features endure biosurfactants to afford a major part in emulsification, de-emulsification, biodegradability, foam formation, washing performance, surface activity, and detergent formulation, which have potential applications in the diverse industrial set-up. Conversations on cost-effective technologies, renewable materials, novel synthesis, downstream, upstream, emerging characterization techniques, molecular, and genetical engineering are substantial to produce biosurfactant of quality and quantity. Therefore, greater attention is being paid to biosurfactant production by identifying their environmental, and biotechnological applications. Be that as it may, the extravagant cost drew in with biosurfactants biotechnological synthesis and recovery can hamper their application in those areas. Notwithstanding these costs, biosurfactants can be used as these parts shows outstandingly high benefits that can at present beat the expenses incurred in the initial purification and downstream processes. Biosurfactant production by microorganisms is relatively considered one of the crucial know-how for improvement, growth, advancement, and environmental sustainability of the 21st century. There is a developing conversation around environmental safety and the significant role that biosurfactants will progressively play soon, for instance, the use of renewable by-products as substrates, potential reduction, re-use and recycling of waste and waste products. The review confers the usefulness of biosurfactants in the removal of environmental contaminants and, consequently, expanding environmental safety and drive towards greener technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullahi Adekilekun Jimoh
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Private Bag X 54001, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Johnson Lin
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville), Private Bag X 54001, Durban, South Africa
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Radha P, Suhazsini P, Prabhu K, Jayakumar A, Kandasamy R. Chicken Tallow, a Renewable Source for the Production of Biosurfactant byYarrowia lipolyticaMTCC9520, and its Application in Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Panjanathan Radha
- Biomolecules and Biocatalysis Laboratory, Department of BiotechnologySRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Priya Suhazsini
- Biomolecules and Biocatalysis Laboratory, Department of BiotechnologySRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Keerthana Prabhu
- Biomolecules and Biocatalysis Laboratory, Department of BiotechnologySRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Anjali Jayakumar
- Biomolecules and Biocatalysis Laboratory, Department of BiotechnologySRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu 603203 India
| | - Ramani Kandasamy
- Biomolecules and Biocatalysis Laboratory, Department of BiotechnologySRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram District Tamil Nadu 603203 India
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Antifungal and Antivirulence Activity of Vaginal Lactobacillus Spp. Products against Candida Vaginal Isolates. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8030150. [PMID: 31547398 PMCID: PMC6789721 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8030150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida yeasts are generally found in the vaginal microbiota; however, disruption of the balance maintained by host factors and microorganisms results in vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). This study evaluated the antagonistic activity of vaginal Lactobacillus spp. on Candida albicans to verify whether active compounds of Lactobacillus spp. had antifungal and antivirulence activity. The antagonism assay showed that 15 out of 20 Lactobacillus strains had an inhibitory effect on C. albicans. Biosurfactants displayed surface-tension-reducing activity, with the best value obtained for Lactobacillus gasseri 1. Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 9595, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356, and Lactobacillus paracasei 11 produced biosurfactants that decreased C. albicans adhesion and disrupted biofilm formation. The best results were obtained in the pre-incubation assay for L. gasseri 1 and L. paracasei 11. Overall, Lactobacillus strains showed significant anti-Candida activity, and their biosurfactants exhibited considerable anti-adhesion and antibiofilm activity against C. albicans. To be considered safe for use in vivo, the safety of biosurfactant (BS) should be investigated using cytotoxicity assays.
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Simultaneous Application of Biosurfactant and Bioaugmentation with Rhamnolipid-Producing Shewanella for Enhanced Bioremediation of Oil-Polluted Soil. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9183773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a combined treatment strategy involving the addition of rhamnolipid, rhamnolipid-producing bacteria (Shewanella sp. BS4) and a native soil microbial community for the remediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil under pilot-scale conditions was adopted. The isolate BS4 (rhl+), demonstrating the highest emulsification activity and surface tension reduction efficiency, was identified based on 16 S rDNA sequencing as Shewanella sp. strain. Growth conditions for rhamnolipid production were optimized based on Central Composite Design (CCD) as 2.9% crude oil, a 54 × 106 CFU g−1 inoculation load of soil, a temperature of 30.5 °C, and a pH of 6.7. In situ bioremediation experiments, conducted using hydrocarbon-contaminated soil treated with the combination of rhamnolipid and rhamnolipid-producing bacteria, showed that the inoculated Shewanella sp. BS4, along with the indigenous soil microbial community, supported the highest hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial population and soil respiration activity, and this treatment resulted in 75.8% hydrocarbon removal efficiency, which was higher compared to contaminated soil devoid of any treatment.
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Saggu SK, Jha G, Mishra PC. Enzymatic Degradation of Biofilm by Metalloprotease From Microbacterium sp. SKS10. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:192. [PMID: 31448272 PMCID: PMC6692633 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes have replaced or decreased usage of toxic chemicals for industrial and medical applications leading toward sustainable chemistry. In this study, we report purification and characterization of a biofilm degrading protease secreted by Microbacterium sp. SKS10. The protease was identified as a metalloprotease, Peptidase M16 using mass spectrometry. It showed optimum activity at 60°C, pH 12 and retained its activity in the presence of various salts and organic solvents. The enzyme was able to degrade biofilms efficiently at enzyme concentration lower than other known enzymes such as papain, trypsin and α-amylase. The presence of this protease increased the accessibility of antibiotics inside the biofilm, and was found to be non-cytotoxic toward human epidermoid carcinoma cells (A431) at the effective concentration for biofilm degradation. Thus, this protease may serve as an effective tool for management of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gopaljee Jha
- Plant Microbe Interactions Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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Giri SS, Ryu EC, Sukumaran V, Park SC. Antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-adhesive activities of biosurfactants isolated from Bacillus strains. Microb Pathog 2019; 132:66-72. [PMID: 31028863 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Biosurfactants are surface-active compounds that display a range of physiological functions. The present study investigated the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-adhesive or anti-biofilm potential of biosurfactants isolated from Bacillus subtilis VSG4 and Bacillus licheniformis VS16. The antioxidant activity of the biosurfactants was studied in vitro using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. At 5 mg/mL of the biosurfactant concentration, the scavenging of DPPH and hydroxyl radicals was found to be between 69.1-73.5% and 63.3-69.8%, respectively. The biosurfactants also displayed significant antibacterial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The anti-adhesive activities of the biosurfactants were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29523, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 19430, and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778. The biosurfactants exhibited anti-adhesive activity, even at concentrations of 3-5 mg/mL. Moreover, both biosurfactants displayed notable anti-biofilm activities with a biofilm eradication percentage ranging from 63.9 to 80.03% for VSG4 biosurfactant, and from 61.1-68.4% for VS16 biosurfactant. Furthermore, VSG4 biosurfactant exhibited emulsification and surface tension stability over a wide range of pH (4-10) and temperature up to 100 °C. These results show that VSG4 and VS16 biosurfactants can be potentially used as natural antioxidants, antimicrobials, and/or anti-adhesive agents for food and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Giri
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - E C Ryu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
| | - V Sukumaran
- Dept. of Zoology, Kundavai Nachiyar Government Arts College for Women (Autonomous), Thanjavur, 613007, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - S C Park
- Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Ghasemi A, Moosavi-Nasab M, Setoodeh P, Mesbahi G, Yousefi G. Biosurfactant Production by Lactic Acid Bacterium Pediococcus dextrinicus SHU1593 Grown on Different Carbon Sources: Strain Screening Followed by Product Characterization. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5287. [PMID: 30918296 PMCID: PMC6437191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41589-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study focused on producing and characterizing a type of biosurfactant (BS) derived from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and its potential applications in pharmaceutical and food industries due to the preference of employing nonpathogenic organisms in bioprocesses. To this aim, several screening approaches were applied to identify an efficient BS-producing strain from a set of LAB, and Pediococcus dextrinicus SHU1593 was selected as the most operative one. The BS produced by P. dextrinicus was isolated and structurally characterized as a lipoprotein with an approximately equal ratio of lipids (~52% (w/w)) and proteins (47% (w/w)). It reduced the surface tension (ST) of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) from 72.80 ± 0.10 to 39.01 ± 0.32 mN/m. The results also indicated the potential of developing low-cost strategies aimed at the production of efficient LAB-derived BSs which are structurally and quantitatively similar to the ones obtained from conventional media. Finally, given the physical and functional characterization (i.e. critical micelle concentration (CMC), emulsification index (%E24), stability, as well as antimicrobial and anti-adhesive activities) of the BS produced in the present study, it can be introduced as a promising candidate to be employed in plenty of areas in pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abouzar Ghasemi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Moosavi-Nasab
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. .,Seafood Processing Research Group, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Payam Setoodeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Mesbahi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Yousefi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Haloi S, Medhi T. Optimization and characterization of a glycolipid produced by Achromobacter
sp. to use in petroleum industries. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:238-248. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Haloi
- Applied Biochemistry Lab; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; Tezpur University; Napaam, Sonitpur Assam India
| | - Tapas Medhi
- Applied Biochemistry Lab; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology; Tezpur University; Napaam, Sonitpur Assam India
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Lactobacillus acidophilus Derived Biosurfactant as a Biofilm Inhibitor: A Promising Investigation Using Microfluidic Approach. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8091555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Biomedical devices and implants are adversely affected by biofilm-associated infections that pose serious public health issues. Biosurfactants (BSs) can combat pathogenic biofilms through their antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiadhesive capabilities. The objective of our research was to produce biosurfactant (BS) from Lactobacillus acidophilus NCIM 2903 and investigate its antibiofilm, antiadhesive potential using microfluidics strategies by mimicking the micro-environment of biofilm. Methods: Antibiofilm and antiadhesive potential was effectively evaluated using different methods like microfluidics assay, catheter assay, polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS) disc assay. Along with this chemical and physical characteristics of BS were also evaluated. Results: Cell free biosurfactant (CFBS) obtained was found to be effective against biofilm which was validated through the microfluidic (MF) or Lab on Chip (LOC) approach. The potency of CFBS was also evaluated on catheter tubing and PDMS surfaces (representative bioimplants). The efficacy of CFBS was also demonstrated through the reduction in surface tension, interfacial tension, contact angle and low critical micelle concentration. Conclusion: CFBS was found to be a potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm agent. We believe that perhaps this is the first report on demonstrating the inhibiting effect of Lactobacillus spp. derived CFBS against selected bacteria via LOC approach. These findings can be explored to design various BSs based formulations exhibiting antimicrobial, antibiofilm and antiadhesive potential for biomedical applications.
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Biological control of the soft rot bacterium Pectobacterium carotovorum by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain Ar10 producing glycolipid-like compounds. Microbiol Res 2018; 217:23-33. [PMID: 30384906 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four hundred and fifty bacteria were evaluated for antagonistic activity against bacterial soft rot of potato caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum sp strain II16. A strain Ar10 exhibiting potent antagonist activity has been identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the basis of biochemical and molecular characterization. Cell free supernatant showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against human and phytopathogenic bacteria in the range of 10-60 AU/mL. Incubation of P. carotovorum cells with increasing concentrations of the antibacterial compound showed a killing rate of 94.8 and 96% at MIC and 2xMIC respectively. In addition, the antibacterial agent did not exert haemolytic activity at the active concentration and has been preliminary characterized by TLC and GC-MS as a glycolipid compound. Treatment of potato tubers with strain Ar10 for 72 h significantly reduced the severity of disease symptoms (100 and 85.05% reduction of necrosis deep / area and weight loss respectively). The same levels in disease symptoms severity was also recorded following treatment of potato tubers with cell free supernatant for 1 h. Data suggest that protection against potato soft rot disease may be related to glycolipid production by strain Ar10. The present study affords new alternatives for anti-Pectobacterium carotovorum bioactive compounds against the soft rot disease of potato.
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Kaur S, Sharma P, Kalia N, Singh J, Kaur S. Anti-biofilm Properties of the Fecal Probiotic Lactobacilli Against Vibrio spp. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:120. [PMID: 29740541 PMCID: PMC5928150 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae is endemic in developing countries including India and is associated with high rate of mortality especially in children. V. cholerae is known to form biofilms on the gut epithelium, and the biofilms once formed are resistant to the action of antibiotics. Therefore agents that prevent the biofilm formation and disperse the preformed biofilms are associated with therapeutic benefits. The use of antibiotics for the treatment of cholera is associated with side effects such as gut dysbiosis due to depletion of gut microflora, and the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. Thus search for safe alternative therapeutic agents is warranted. Herein, we screened the lactobacilli spp. isolated from the fecal samples of healthy children for their abilities to prevent biofilm formation and to disperse the preformed biofilms of V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus by using an in vitro assay. The results showed that the culture supernatant (CS) of all the seven isolates of Lactobacillus spp. used in the study inhibited the biofilm formation of V. cholerae by more than 90%. Neutralization of pH of CS completely abrogated their antimicrobial activities against V. cholera, but had negligible effects on their biofilm inhibitory potential. Further, CS of all the lactobacilli isolates caused the dispersion of preformed V. cholerae biofilms in the range 62–85%; however, pH neutralization of CS reduced the biofilm dispersal potential of the 4 out of 7 isolates by 19–57%. Furthermore, the studies showed that CS of none of the lactobacilii isolates had antimicrobial activity against V. parahaemolyticus, but 5 out of 7 isolates inhibited the formation of its biofilm in the range 62–82%. However, none of the CS dispersed the preformed biofilms of V. parahaemolyticus. The ability of CS to inhibit the adherence of Vibrio spp. to the epithelial cell line was also determined. Thus, we conclude that the biofilm dispersive action of CS of lactobacilli is strain-specific and pH-dependent. As Vibrio is known to form biofilms in the intestinal niche having physiological pH in the range 6–7, the probiotic strains that have dispersive action at high pH may have better therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanpreet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Preeti Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Namarta Kalia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Jatinder Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sukhraj Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Ndlovu T, Rautenbach M, Vosloo JA, Khan S, Khan W. Characterisation and antimicrobial activity of biosurfactant extracts produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a wastewater treatment plant. AMB Express 2017; 7:108. [PMID: 28571306 PMCID: PMC5451374 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biosurfactants are unique secondary metabolites, synthesised non-ribosomally by certain bacteria, fungi and yeast, with their most promising applications as antimicrobial agents and surfactants in the medical and food industries. Naturally produced glycolipids and lipopeptides are found as a mixture of congeners, which increases their antimicrobial potency. Sensitive analysis techniques, such as liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, enable the fingerprinting of different biosurfactant congeners within a naturally produced crude extract. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ST34 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST5, isolated from wastewater, were screened for biosurfactant production. Biosurfactant compounds were solvent extracted and characterised using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Results indicated that B. amyloliquefaciens ST34 produced C13-16 surfactin analogues and their identity were confirmed by high resolution ESI-MS and UPLC-MS. In the crude extract obtained from P. aeruginosa ST5, high resolution ESI-MS linked to UPLC-MS confirmed the presence of di- and monorhamnolipid congeners, specifically Rha-Rha-C10-C10 and Rha-C10-C10, Rha-Rha-C8-C10/Rha-Rha-C10-C8 and Rha-C8-C10/Rha-C10-C8, as well as Rha-Rha-C12-C10/Rha-Rha-C10-C12 and Rha-C12-C10/Rha-C10-C12. The crude surfactin and rhamnolipid extracts also retained pronounced antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms, including antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains and the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. In addition, the rapid solvent extraction combined with UPLC-MS of the crude samples is a simple and powerful technique to provide fast, sensitive and highly specific data on the characterisation of biosurfactant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thando Ndlovu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602 South Africa
| | - Marina Rautenbach
- BIOPEP Peptide Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602 South Africa
| | - Johann Arnold Vosloo
- BIOPEP Peptide Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602 South Africa
| | - Sehaam Khan
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, 13 Storch Street, Private Bag 13388, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Wesaal Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7602 South Africa
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Matei GM, Matei S, Matei A, Draghici E. Antifungal activity of a biosurfactant-producing lactic acid bacteria strain. EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/03.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria are frequently utilized in food industry and they are also recognized as antimicrobial agents due to their capability to produce metabolites such as: organic acids, biosurfactants, bacteriocins, hydrogen peroxide, cyclic dipeptides, exopolysaccharides. The main goal of this paper was to present the results of the research carried out on the strain LCM2 of lactic acid bacteria isolated from brined cucumbers, for production of biosurfactants and to assess its antifungal properties. The emulsification capacity of biosurfactant was measured using kerosene as the hydrophobic substrate. The value of emulsification index E24 was 89.04% showing a high emulsification activity of the biosurfactant. The structural characterization of biosurfactant by TLC revealed its glycolipidic nature. Assay of the ionic charge established the anionic charge of the biosurfactant revealed by the presence of precipitation lines towards the cationic surfactant dodecyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride. The biosurfactant presented antibiofilm activity with low adherence capacity, structural damages of the hyphal net, conidiophores and delays or lack of sporulation and decreased biomass accumulation in four mycotoxigenic Penicillium and Aspergillus isolates. Results of in vitro assays recommend the biosurfactant produced by the new lactic acid bacteria strain LCM2 for biotechnological purposes, as alternative antifungal agent in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabi Mirela Matei
- Department of Research in Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environment, National RD Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environment, Bucharest , Romania
| | - Sorin Matei
- Department of Research in Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environment, National RD Institute for Soil Science, Agrochemistry and Environment, Bucharest , Romania
| | - Adrian Matei
- Department of Nosocomial Infections Surveillance, Prevention and Control, Institute of Oncology “Prof. dr. Alexandru Trestioreanu”, Bucharest , Romania
| | - Elena Draghici
- Department of Bioengineering of Horti-wine Systems, UASVMB, Faculty of Horticulture, Bucharest , Romania
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Shalini D, Benson A, Gomathi R, John Henry A, Jerritta S, Melvin Joe M. Isolation, characterization of glycolipid type biosurfactant from endophytic Acinetobacter sp. ACMS25 and evaluation of its biocontrol efficiency against Xanthomonas oryzae. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Owing to their natural origin and environmental compatibility, interest in microbial surfactants or biosurfactants has gained attention during last few years. These characteristics fulfill the demand of regulatory agencies and society to use more sustained and green chemicals. Microbial-derived surfactants can replace synthetic surfactants in a great variety of industrial applications as detergents, foaming, emulsifiers, solubilizers, and wetting agents. Change in the trend of consumers toward natural from synthetic additives and the increasing health and environmental concerns have created demand for new "green" additives in foods. Apart from their inherent surface-active properties, biosurfactants have shown antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities against food pathogens; therefore, biosurfactants can be versatile additives or ingredients of food processing. These interesting applications will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Nitschke
- a Depto. Físico-Química , Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos CEP , SP , Brasil
| | - Sumária Sousa E Silva
- a Depto. Físico-Química , Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos CEP , SP , Brasil
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Hanano A, Shaban M, Almousally I. Biochemical, Molecular, and Transcriptional Highlights of the Biosynthesis of an Effective Biosurfactant Produced by Bacillus safensis PHA3, a Petroleum-Dwelling Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:77. [PMID: 28179901 PMCID: PMC5263155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Petroleum crude oil (PCO)-dwelling microorganisms have exceptional biological capabilities to tolerate the toxicity of petroleum contaminants and are therefore promising emulsifier and/or degraders of PCO. This study describes a set of PCO-inhabiting bacterial species, one of which, identified as Bacillus safensis PHA3, produces an efficient biosurfactant which was characterized as a glycolipid. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, nuclear magnetic resonance, Thin layer chromatography, HPLC, and GC-MS analysis of the purified biosurfactant revealed that the extracted molecule under investigation is likely a mannolipid molecule with a hydrophilic part as mannose and a hydrophobic part as hexadecanoic acid (C16:0). The data reveal that: (i) PHA3 is a potential producer of biosurfactant (9.8 ± 0.5 mg mL-1); (ii) pre-adding 0.15% of the purified glycolipid enhanced the degradation of PCO by approximately 2.5-fold; (iii) the highest emulsifying activity of biosurfactant was found against the PCO and the lowest was against the naphthalene; (iv) the optimal PCO-emulsifying activity was found at 30-60°C, pH 8 and a high salinity. An orthologous gene encodes a putative β-diglucosyldiacylglycerol synthase (β-DGS) was identified in PHA3 and its transcripts were significantly up-regulated by exogenous PAHs, i.e., pyrene and benzo(e)pyrene but much less by mid-chain n-alkanes (ALKs) and fatty acids. Subsequently, the accumulation of β-DGS transcripts coincided with an optimal growth of bacteria and a maximal accumulation of the biosurfactant. Of particular interest, we found that PHA3 actively catalyzed the degradation of PAHs notably the pyrene and benzo(e)pyrene but was much less effective in the mono-terminal oxidation of ALKs. Such characteristics make Bacillus safensis PHA3 a promising model for enhanced microbial oil recovery and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria Damascus, Syria
| | - Mouhnad Shaban
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria Damascus, Syria
| | - Ibrahem Almousally
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria Damascus, Syria
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Singh P, Tiwary BN. Isolation and characterization of glycolipid biosurfactant produced by a Pseudomonas otitidis strain isolated from Chirimiri coal mines, India. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-016-0119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Sharma D, Saharan BS. Functional characterization of biomedical potential of biosurfactant produced by Lactobacillus helveticus. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 11:27-35. [PMID: 28352537 PMCID: PMC5042301 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Various lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been isolated and screened for biosurfactant production and their biomedical and food applications. Additionally, various different concentrations of the biosurfactant (0.625-25 mg ml-1) were used to evaluate its antimicrobial and antiadhesive potential against a range of pathogenic microorganisms. Biosurfactant was found to be stable to pH changes over a range of 4.0-12.0, being most effective at pH 7 and showed no apparent loss of surface tension and emulsification efficiency after heat treatment at 125 °C for 15 min. Present study demonstrated that biosurfactant obtained from Lactobacillus helveticus has the ability to counteract effectively the initial deposition of biofilm forming pathogens to silicone surfaces and to significantly sluggish biofilm growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepansh Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136 119, India
- School of Biotechnology and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, India
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50
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Ciandrini E, Campana R, Casettari L, Perinelli DR, Fagioli L, Manti A, Palmieri GF, Papa S, Baffone W. Characterization of biosurfactants produced by Lactobacillus spp. and their activity against oral streptococci biofilm. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6767-6777. [PMID: 27102127 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can interfere with pathogens through different mechanisms; one is the production of biosurfactants, a group of surface-active molecules, which inhibit the growth of potential pathogens. In the present study, biosurfactants produced by Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1, Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103, and Lactobacillus paracasei B21060 were dialyzed (1 and 6 kDa) and characterized in term of reduction of surface tension and emulsifying activity. Then, aliquots of the different dialyzed biosurfactants were added to Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 and Streptococcus oralis ATCC 9811 in the culture medium during the formation of biofilm on titanium surface and the efficacy was determined by agar plate count, biomass analyses, and flow cytometry. Dialyzed biosurfactants showed abilities to reduce surface tension and to emulsifying paraffin oil. Moreover, they significantly inhibited the adhesion and biofilm formation on titanium surface of S. mutans and S. oralis in a dose-dependent way, as demonstrated by the remarkable decrease of cfu/ml values and biomass production. The antimicrobial properties observed for dialyzed biosurfactants produced by the tested lactobacilli opens future prospects for their use against microorganisms responsible of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Ciandrini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via S. Chiara 27, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Raffaella Campana
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via S. Chiara 27, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Luca Casettari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via S. Chiara 27, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Diego R Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Laura Fagioli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via S. Chiara 27, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Anita Manti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via S. Chiara 27, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Papa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via S. Chiara 27, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Wally Baffone
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Division of Toxicological, Hygiene and Environmental Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via S. Chiara 27, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
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