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Moustafa A, Abdel-Gawad SA, Shehata M, El-Kamel RS, Fekry AM. Electrochemical sensing of vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine) by adapted carbon paste electrode. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21972. [PMID: 39304680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent investigation targets to use adapted carbon paste (CP) with copper nanoparticles (CuNs) operating in a phosphate buffer (PBS) medium with a pH range of 5.0-8.0, to synthesize a novel, susceptible, and simple electrochemical sensor for the detection of one of the most important drugs, vitamin B6. Copper (Cu) is one of the most three common essential trace elements found in the bodies of both humans and animals, along with iron and zinc for all crucial physiological and biochemical functions. Its properties, which are assessed using a variety of methods including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), have also drawn a lot of attention recently. We considered the effects of pH, buffer, scan rate, interference, and calibration curve. The susceptible electrode's linear calibration curve encompassed concentration values between 8.88 and 1000.0 µM. The calculated limits of detection and quantification were 32.12 and 107.0 µM, respectively. Furthermore, this method was established in real human urine samples and drug validation which have been shown satisfactory results for vitamin B6 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayah Moustafa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Soha A Abdel-Gawad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
- Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Nanotechnology, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
| | - M Shehata
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Renad S El-Kamel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Amany M Fekry
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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Qiu F, Xie D, Chen H, Wang Z, Huang J, Cao C, Liang Y, Yang X, He DY, Fu X, Lu A, Liang C. Generation of cytotoxic aptamers specifically targeting fibroblast-like synoviocytes by CSCT-SELEX for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2024:ard-2024-225565. [PMID: 39237134 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2024-225565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterised by aggressive fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). Very few RA patients-derived FLSs (RA-FLSs)-specific surface signatures have been identified, and there is currently no approved targeted therapy for RA-FLSs. This study aimed to screen therapeutic aptamers with cell-targeting and cytotoxic properties against RA-FLSs and to uncover the molecular targets and mechanism of action of the screened aptamers. METHODS We developed a cell-specific and cytotoxic systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (CSCT-SELEX) method to screen the therapeutic aptamers without prior knowledge of the surface signatures of RA-FLSs. The molecular targets and mechanisms of action of the screened aptamers were determined by pull-down assays and RNA sequencing. The therapeutic efficacy of the screened aptamers was examined in arthritic mouse models. RESULTS We obtained an aptamer SAPT8 that selectively recognised and killed RA-FLSs. The molecular target of SAPT8 was nucleolin (NCL), a shuttling protein overexpressed on the surface and involved in the tumor-like transformation of RA-FLSs. Mechanistically, SAPT8 interacted with the surface NCL and was internalised to achieve lysosomal degradation of NCL, leading to the upregulation of proapoptotic p53 and downregulation of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in RA-FLSs. When administrated systemically to arthritic mice, SAPT8 accumulated in the inflamed FLSs of joints. SAPT8 monotherapy or its combination with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-targeted biologics was shown to relieve arthritis in mouse models. CONCLUSIONS CSCT-SELEX could be a promising strategy for developing cell-targeting and cytotoxic aptamers. SAPT8 aptamer selectively ablates RA-FLSs via modulating NCL-p53/Bcl-2 signalling, representing a potential alternative or complementary therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Qiu
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Duoli Xie
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hongzhen Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhuqian Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chunhao Cao
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Xu Yang
- Department of Computational Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Dong-Yi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuekun Fu
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aiping Lu
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Liang
- Department of Systems Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Institute of Integrated Bioinfomedicine and Translational Science (IBTS), School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
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Farinelli L, D'Angelo F, Ciccullo C, Manzotti S, Gigante A. A significant difference of synovial mast cells in synovium from rotator cuff arthropathy compared to rotator cuff tears: A histological pilot study. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2024; 6:100503. [PMID: 39156865 PMCID: PMC11326889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Aim of the present study was to compare the presence of Mast Cells (MCs) in synovial samples from gleno-humeral osteoarthritis (OA) and from control group. Methods Synovial tissue samples were obtained during arthroplasty from 23 patients with gleno-humeral OA due to rotator cuff arthropathy (RCA) and from 20 patients without OA, constituting OA group and control group respectively. Before surgery self-reported pain was assessed using VAS score and OSS was used to value functional ability. Shoulder radiograph (Antero-posterior, Y-view and Grashey views) was evaluated by musculoskeletal radiologist and graded according to modified Samilson-Prieto classification.Synovial tissue, obtained during arthroplasty and arthroscopic procedure, was prepared to immunohistochemical analysis with anti-CD31 and anti-CD117 antibodies, to detect respectively endothelial cells and MCs at 40x magnification. Synovitis scores have been assessed. Under the control of the image processing system the distribution and the total number of vessels and MCs were determined. Results The numbers of MCs and the area fraction (20x magnification) occupied by them were significantly higher in OA samples than in control tissue. The synovitis score was higher in OA patients with a positive correlation. Vessels number and area fraction were higher in OA patients than in controls. Analysis of MC number in relation to clinical data indicated positive correlation with the VAS score. Conclusions The distribution of MCs on synovium significantly differ between OA and control groups. Despite the design of the study could not conclude the cause-effect relationship, the presence of MCs might have role in OA pathogenesis. Level of evidence Histological study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Farinelli
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Angelo
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carlo Ciccullo
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sandra Manzotti
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Gigante
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
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Esquivel D, Mishra R, Srivastava A. Potential use of stem cell therapies for treating osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2024; 12:72. [PMID: 39118961 PMCID: PMC11304433 DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-1951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Arthritis, defined as a chronic inflammation often accompanied by swelling of one or more joints, encompasses more than 100 conditions that affect the joints, tissues around them as well as other connective tissues. This condition causes severe discomfort compromising the quality of life drastically, and thereby inflicts severe financial and social impact on the people affected. The incidence rate of arthritis is increasing all around the globe including the United States every year. In general, osteoarthritis (OA) affects more people in comparison to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In the USA itself, more than 14 million people are affected by OA in comparison to 1.4 million people suffering from RA. In both conditions, elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines have been recorded, this incidence generally precedes the cartilage degradation observed in the patients. The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has proven to be a safe and efficient therapeutic option for treating many inflammation-rooted pathological conditions. Evidence suggests that MSCs down-regulate the effects of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-2, and IL-17, and help restore the functions of immune cells. In addition, these cells promote the polarization of M2 phenotype macrophages, thus contributing to the suppression of the inflammatory process and consequentially to cartilage regeneration. Preclinical and clinical trials have proven the safety and effectiveness of this therapy, supported by the fact that these do not provoke any host immune response, and their influence on the cytokine profiles. An attempt to survey the results of stem cell therapy for treating arthritis has been carried out in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Esquivel
- Global Institute of Stem Cell Therapy and Research, Los Algodones, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Rangnath Mishra
- Global Institute of Stem Cell Therapy and Research, Los Algodones, Baja California, Mexico
- Global Institute of Stem Cell Therapy and Research, San Diego, CA, USA
- Cellebrations Life Sciences Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Anand Srivastava
- Global Institute of Stem Cell Therapy and Research, Los Algodones, Baja California, Mexico
- Global Institute of Stem Cell Therapy and Research, San Diego, CA, USA
- Cellebrations Life Sciences Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
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Salberg S, Smith MJ, Lamont R, Chen Z, Beauchamp MH, Craig W, Doan Q, Gravel J, Zemek R, Lannin NA, Yeates KO, Mychasiuk R. Shorter Telomere Length Is Associated With Older Age, Poor Sleep Hygiene, and Orthopedic Injury, but Not Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, in a Cohort of Canadian Children. J Head Trauma Rehabil 2024:00001199-990000000-00178. [PMID: 39019487 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicting recovery following pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) remains challenging. The identification of objective biomarkers for prognostic purposes could improve clinical outcomes. Telomere length (TL) has previously been used as a prognostic marker of cellular health in the context of mTBI and other neurobiological conditions. While psychosocial and environmental factors are associated with recovery outcomes following pediatric mTBI, the relationship between these factors and TL has not been investigated. This study sought to examine the relationships between TL and psychosocial and environmental factors, in a cohort of Canadian children with mTBI or orthopedic injury (OI). METHODS Saliva was collected at a postacute (median 7 days) timepoint following injury to assess TL from a prospective longitudinal cohort of children aged 8 to 17 years with either mTBI (n = 202) or OI (n = 90), recruited from 3 Canadian sites. Questionnaires regarding psychosocial and environmental factors were obtained at a postacute follow-up visit and injury outcomes were assessed at a 3-month visit. Univariable associations between TL and psychosocial, environmental, and outcome variables were assessed using Spearman's correlation. Further adjusted analyses of these associations were performed by including injury group, age, sex, and site as covariates in multivariable generalized linear models with a Poisson family, log link function, and robust variance estimates. RESULTS After adjusting for age, sex, and site, TL in participants with OI was 7% shorter than those with mTBI (adjusted mean ratio = 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.89-0.98; P = .003). As expected, increasing age was negatively associated with TL (Spearman's r = -0.14, P = .016). Sleep hygiene at 3 months was positively associated with TL (adjusted mean ratio = 1.010; 95% confidence interval, 1.001-1.020; P = .039). CONCLUSION The relationships between TL and psychosocial and environmental factors in pediatric mTBI and OI are complex. TL may provide information regarding sleep quality in children recovering from mTBI or OI; however, further investigation into TL biomarker validity should employ a noninjured comparison group.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Salberg
- Author Affiliations: Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Drs Salberg, Smith, Lannin, Mychasiuk and Chen); Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Dr Lamont); Department of Psychology, Montreal University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montrea, Quebec, Canada (Dr Beauchamp); Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (Dr Craig); Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (Dr Doan); Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Dr Gravel); Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (Dr Zemek); Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia (Dr Lannin); and Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Dr Yeates)
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Peng Y, Kenney HM, de Mesy Bentley KL, Xing L, Ritchlin CT, Schwarz EM. Distinct mast cell subpopulations within and around lymphatic vessels regulate lymph flow and progression of inflammatory-erosive arthritis in TNF-transgenic mice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275871. [PMID: 38155962 PMCID: PMC10752982 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Inflammatory-erosive arthritis is exacerbated by dysfunction of joint-draining popliteal lymphatic vessels (PLVs). Synovial mast cells are known to be pro-inflammatory in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In other settings they have anti-inflammatory and tissue reparative effects. Herein, we elucidate the role of mast cells on PLV function and inflammatory-erosive arthritis in tumor necrosis factor transgenic (TNF-tg) mice that exhibit defects in PLVs commensurate with disease progression. Methods Whole mount immunofluorescent microscopy, toluidine blue stained histology, scanning electron microscopy, and in silico bioinformatics were performed to phenotype and quantify PLV mast cells. Ankle bone volumes were assessed by μCT, while corresponding histology quantified synovitis and osteoclasts. Near-infrared indocyanine green imaging measured lymphatic clearance as an outcome of PLV draining function. Effects of genetic MC depletion were assessed via comparison of 4.5-month-old WT, TNF-tg, MC deficient KitW-sh/W-sh (cKit-/-), and TNF-tg x cKit-/- mice. Pharmacological inhibition of mast cells was assessed by treating TNF-tg mice with placebo or cromolyn sodium (3.15mg/kg/day) for 3-weeks. Results PLVs are surrounded by MCT+/MCPT1+/MCPT4+ mast cells whose numbers are increased 2.8-fold in TNF-tg mice. The percentage of peri-vascular degranulating mast cells was inversely correlated with ICG clearance. A population of MCT+/MCPT1-/MCPT4- mast cells were embedded within the PLV structure. In silico single-cell RNA-seq (scRNAseq) analyses identified a population of PLV-associated mast cells (marker genes: Mcpt4, Cma1, Cpa3, Tpsb2, Kit, Fcer1a & Gata2) with enhanced TGFβ-related signaling that are phenotypically distinct from known MC subsets in the Mouse Cell Atlas. cKit-/- mice have greater lymphatic defects than TNF-tg mice with exacerbation of lymphatic dysfunction and inflammatory-erosive arthritis in TNF-tg x cKit-/- vs. TNF-Tg mice. Cromolyn sodium therapy stabilized PLV mast cells, increased TNF-induced bone loss, synovitis, and osteoclasts, and decreased ICG clearance. Conclusions Mast cells are required for normal lymphatic function. Genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of mast cells exacerbates TNF-induced inflammatory-erosive arthritis with decreased lymphatic clearance. Together, these findings support an inflammatory role of activated/degranulated peri-PLV mast cells during arthritic progression, and a homeostatic role of intra-PLV mast cells, in which loss of the latter dominantly exacerbates arthritis secondary to defects in joint-draining lymphatics, warranting investigation into specific cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Peng
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - H. Mark Kenney
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Karen L. de Mesy Bentley
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Lianping Xing
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Christopher T. Ritchlin
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology, Rheumatology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Edward M. Schwarz
- Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
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Chen Z, Wang W, Zhang Y, Xue X, Hua Y. Identification of four-gene signature to diagnose osteoarthritis through bioinformatics and machine learning methods. Cytokine 2023; 169:156300. [PMID: 37454542 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent joint disorders, effective biomarkers to diagnose OA are still unavailable. This study aimed to acquire some key synovial biomarkers (hub genes) and analyze their correlation with immune infiltration in OA. METHODS Gene expression profiles and clinical characteristics of OA and healthy synovial samples were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Hub genes for OA were mined based on a combination of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE), and random forest (RF) algorithms. A diagnostic nomogram model for OA prediction was developed based on the hub genes. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were performed to confirm the abnormal expression of hub genes in the experimemtal and validation datasets. qRT-PCR using patients' samples were conducted as well. In addition, the infiltration level of 28 immune cells in the expression profile and their relationship with hub genes were analyzed using single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA). RESULTS 4 hub genes (ZBTB16, TNFSF11, SCRG1 and KDELR3) were obtained by WGCNA, lasso, SVM-RFE, RF algorithms as potential biomarkers for OA. The immune infiltration analyses revealed that hub genes were most correlated with regulatory T cell and natural killer cell. CONCLUSION A machine learning model to diagnose OA based on ZBTB16, TNFSF11, SCRG1 and KDELR3 using synovial tissue was constructed, providing theoretical foundation and guideline for diagnostic and treatment targets in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwen Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao'ao Xue
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinghui Hua
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Lee BW, Moon SJ. Inflammatory Cytokines in Psoriatic Arthritis: Understanding Pathogenesis and Implications for Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11662. [PMID: 37511421 PMCID: PMC10381020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a persistent, inflammatory disease that affects individuals with psoriasis, arthritis, and enthesitis. Research has demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-23 (IL-23), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) play a pivotal role in both the onset and progression of PsA. These cytokines are generated by activated immune cells and stimulate the attraction of inflammatory cells to the synovium and joint tissues, resulting in the deterioration of cartilage and bone. The blocking of these cytokines has become a successful treatment strategy for PsA, as biological drugs that inhibit TNF-α, IL-23, and IL-17 have demonstrated notable clinical benefits. The association between PsA and other types of inflammatory cytokines or chemokines, excluding TNF-α, IL-23, and IL-17, has been extensively investigated in numerous studies. These findings may provide a chance for the discovery of novel therapeutic agents targeting other molecules, distinct from the currently approved biologics and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the role of inflammatory cytokines in PsA pathogenesis and clinical implications of targeting these cytokines for PsA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong-Woo Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Moon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Republic of Korea
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Loucks A, Maerz T, Hankenson K, Moeser A, Colbath A. The multifaceted role of mast cells in joint inflammation and arthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2023; 31:567-575. [PMID: 36682447 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review current knowledge surrounding the role of mast cells in joint inflammation and arthritis. METHOD Narrative review. RESULTS Mast cells (MCs) are commonly observed in the synovium of the joint, particularly surrounding blood vessels and nerve endings. Some studies have reported increased MC number and degranulation in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). In two studies, MCs were the only immune cell type found in higher concentrations in synovium of OA patients compared to rheumatoid arthritis patients. Activation of MCs in OA includes signaling pathways such as immunoglobulin E/Fc epsilon Receptor 1 (IgE/FcεR1), immunoglobulin G/Fc gamma receptor (IgG/FcγR), complement, and toll-like cell surface receptor-mediated signaling, resulting in context-dependent release of either pro-inflammatory and/or anti-inflammatory mediators within the joint. Activation of MCs results in the release of pro-inflammatory mediators that ultimately contribute to inflammation of the synovium, bone remodeling, and cartilage damage. However, some studies have proposed that MCs can also exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by secreting mediators that inactivate pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6). CONCLUSIONS MCs may play a role in mediating synovial inflammation and OA progression. However, the mechanisms governing MC activation, the downstream pro- and/or anti-inflammatory effects, and their impact on osteoarthritis pathogenesis remains to be elucidated and requires extensive further study. Furthermore, it is important to establish the pathways of MC activation in OA to determine whether MCs exhibit varying phenotypes as a function of disease stage. Ultimately, such research is needed before understanding whether MCs could be targeted in OA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Loucks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - T Maerz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - K Hankenson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - A Moeser
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - A Colbath
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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Zhou Z, Zheng J, Meng X, Wang F. Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Articular Cartilage Regeneration with a Focus on Piezoelectric Biomaterials for Articular Cartilage Tissue Repair and Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031836. [PMID: 36768157 PMCID: PMC9915254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that chondrocytes within articular cartilage are affected by endogenous force-related electrical potentials. Furthermore, electrical stimulation (ES) promotes the proliferation of chondrocytes and the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, which accelerate the healing of cartilage defects. These findings suggest the potential application of ES in cartilage repair. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of articular cartilage injuries and the current clinical strategies for the treatment of articular cartilage injuries. We then focus on the application of ES in the repair of articular cartilage in vivo. The ES-induced chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its potential regulatory mechanism are discussed in detail. In addition, we discuss the potential of applying piezoelectric materials in the process of constructing engineering articular cartilage, highlighting the important advances in the unique field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jingtong Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaoting Meng
- Department of Histology & Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (F.W.); Tel.: +86-0431-8561-9486 (X.M. & F.W.)
| | - Fang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (F.W.); Tel.: +86-0431-8561-9486 (X.M. & F.W.)
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Fisher CR, Krull JE, Bhagwate A, Masters T, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Abdel MP, Patel R. Sonicate Fluid Cellularity Predicted by Transcriptomic Deconvolution Differentiates Infectious from Non-Infectious Arthroplasty Failure. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2023; 105:63-73. [PMID: 36574631 PMCID: PMC10137834 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.22.00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cellularity is traditionally assessed morphologically, deep sequencing approaches being used for microorganism detection may be able to provide information about cellularity. We hypothesized that cellularity predicted using CIBERSORTx (Stanford University), a transcriptomic-based cellular deconvolution tool, would differentiate between infectious and non-infectious arthroplasty failure. METHODS CIBERSORTx-derived cellularity profiles of 93 sonicate fluid samples, including 53 from subjects who underwent failed arthroplasties due to periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) (abbreviated for the purpose of this study as PJIF) and 40 from subjects who had undergone non-infectious arthroplasty failure (abbreviated NIAF) that had been subjected to bulk RNA sequencing were evaluated. RESULTS Samples from PJIF and NIAF subjects were differentially clustered by principal component analysis based on the cellularity profile. Twelve of the 22 individual predicted cellular fractions were differentially expressed in the PJIF cases compared with the NIAF cases, including increased predicted neutrophils (mean and standard error, 9.73% ± 1.06% and 0.81% ± 0.60%), activated mast cells (17.12% ± 1.51% and 4.11% ± 0.44%), and eosinophils (1.96% ± 0.37% and 0.42% ± 0.21%), and decreased predicted M0 macrophages (21.33% ± 1.51% and 39.75% ± 2.45%), M2 macrophages (3.56% ± 0.52% and 8.70% ± 1.08%), and regulatory T cells (1.57% ± 0.23% and 3.20% ± 0.34%). The predicted total granulocyte fraction was elevated in the PJIF cases (32.97% ± 2.13% and 11.76% ± 1.61%), and the samples from the NIAF cases had elevated predicted total macrophage and monocyte (34.71% ± 1.71% and 55.34% ± 2.37%) and total B cell fractions (5.89% ± 0.30% and 8.62% ± 0.86%). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified predicted total granulocytes, neutrophils, and activated mast cells as highly able to differentiate between the PJIF cases and the NIAF cases. Within the PJIF cases, the total granulocyte, total macrophage and monocyte, M0 macrophage, and M2 macrophage fractions were differentially expressed in Staphylococcus aureus compared with Staphylococcus epidermidis -associated samples. Within the NIAF cases, the predicted total B cell, naïve B cell, plasma cell, and M2 macrophage fractions were differentially expressed among different causes of failure. CONCLUSIONS CIBERSORTx can predict the cellularity of sonicate fluid using transcriptomic data, allowing for the evaluation of the underlying immune response during the PJIF and NIAF cases, without a need to phenotypically assess cell composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody R Fisher
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jordan E Krull
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aditya Bhagwate
- Department of Quantitative Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Thao Masters
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Matthew P Abdel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.,Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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12
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Haffner-Luntzer M, Weber B, Morioka K, Lackner I, Fischer V, Bahney C, Ignatius A, Kalbitz M, Marcucio R, Miclau T. Altered early immune response after fracture and traumatic brain injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1074207. [PMID: 36761764 PMCID: PMC9905106 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1074207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinical and preclinical data suggest accelerated bone fracture healing in subjects with an additional traumatic brain injury (TBI). Mechanistically, altered metabolism and neuro-endocrine regulations have been shown to influence bone formation after combined fracture and TBI, thereby increasing the bone content in the fracture callus. However, the early inflammatory response towards fracture and TBI has not been investigated in detail so far. This is of great importance, since the early inflammatory phase of fracture healing is known to be essential for the initiation of downstream regenerative processes for adequate fracture repair. Methods Therefore, we analyzed systemic and local inflammatory mediators and immune cells in mice which were exposed to fracture only or fracture + TBI 6h and 24h after injury. Results We found a dysregulated systemic immune response and significantly fewer neutrophils and mast cells locally in the fracture hematoma. Further, local CXCL10 expression was significantly decreased in the animals with combined trauma, which correlated significantly with the reduced mast cell numbers. Discussion Since mast cells and mast cell-derived CXCL10 have been shown to increase osteoclastogenesis, the reduced mast cell numbers might contribute to higher bone content in the fracture callus of fracture + TBI mice due to decreased callus remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Haffner-Luntzer
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Birte Weber
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Traumatology, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Trauma-, Hand- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kazuhito Morioka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Brain and Spinal Injury Center (BASIC), University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Ina Lackner
- Department of Traumatology, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Verena Fischer
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Chelsea Bahney
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Steadman Phillipon Research Institute, Vail, CO, United States
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Miriam Kalbitz
- Department of Traumatology, Hand-, Plastic- and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ralph Marcucio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Theodore Miclau
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Trauma Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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13
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Loucks A, Maerz T, Hankenson K, Moeser A, Colbath A. WITHDRAWN: The Multifaceted Role of Mast Cells in Joint Inflammation and Arthritis. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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14
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Pal R, Battu MB, Mukhopadhyay S. Therapeutic application of PPE2 protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in inhibiting tissue inflammation. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e14891. [PMID: 35811493 PMCID: PMC9449591 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need to develop biological anti-inflammatory agents that are more targeted, effective, and with lesser side effects as compared to conventional chemical drugs. In the present study, we found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein PPE2 and a synthetic derivative peptide can suppress the mast cell population and inhibit several vasoactive and fibrogenic mediators and pro-inflammatory cytokines induced by mast cells in formalin-induced tissue injury. PPE2 was found to inhibit transcription from the promoter of stem cell factor, important for mast cell maintenance and migration. Thus, PPE2/peptide can be used as a potent nonsteroidal therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammation and tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Pal
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, Telangana, India.,Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Madhu Babu Battu
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sangita Mukhopadhyay
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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15
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Farinelli L, Aquili A, Mattioli-Belmonte M, Manzotti S, D'Angelo F, Ciccullo C, Gigante A. Synovial mast cells from knee and hip osteoarthritis: histological study and clinical correlations. J Exp Orthop 2022; 9:13. [PMID: 35079910 PMCID: PMC8789998 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-022-00446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of synovial mast cells (MCs) in hip and knee tissue from osteoarthritis (OA) patients and to correlate them with clinical and radiological data. METHODS Synovial tissue was obtained during arthroplasty from 60 patients, 30 with knee OA and 30 with hip OA. Control synovial tissue was obtained from 30 patients without OA, 15 undergoing above-knee amputation and 15 receiving a hip replacement for fracture. Before surgery, the radiographic findings were graded according to the Kellgren-Lawrence system and clinical data including pain (VAS) and functional information (KOOS and HOOS) was collected. The tissue was stained with hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue for histochemistry and incubated with CD117 and CD31 antibodies for immunohistochemistry. MC and vessel number and synovitis score were determined in all samples. RESULTS Mean MC number, synovitis score and vessel number were significantly higher in the OA samples (p < 0.05) than in control tissue. MC number correlated with the synovitis score and disease severity in both patient groups. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of MCs in synovium from OA patients and their association with synovial inflammation and pain suggest a role for them in OA pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Farinelli
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Aquili
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Mattioli-Belmonte
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Science DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Manzotti
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - F D'Angelo
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - C Ciccullo
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Gigante
- Clinical Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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16
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Jung Y, Kim J, Kim S, Chung SH, Wie J. Multiple proliferation signaling pathways are modulated by octacalcium phosphate in osteoblasts. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:1724-1731. [PMID: 36313230 PMCID: PMC9608048 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.77017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Octacalcium phosphate (OCP), a type of bioactive ceramics, may be associated with dentine, tooth apatite, and especially bone generation, and promotes wound healing after fracture. Recently, commercial bone grafting products containing a large amount of OCP material have been released because OCP can be synthesized in large quantities. It is reported to increase cell proliferation, but the interaction between OCP and cell signaling pathways is still unclear. In this study, first, we demonstrated OCP mediated cell signaling pathways with only purified OCP materials. OCP regulated P38, JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase), Src, and AKT (protein kinase B) signaling pathways. OCP crystals appeared in the characteristic ribbon shape but varied by several tens of micrometers in size. The X-ray diffraction pattern was the same as previously reported. We studied two concentrations of OCP (10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml) to understand whether the effect of OCP on cell signaling pathways is dose dependent. We confirmed that OCP treatment affected cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase and disrupted Src phosphorylation but did not change the total protein level. P38 phosphorylation was activated with OCP treatment and inhibited by SB203580, but P38 total protein level did not change. OCP inhibited JNK phosphorylation signaling, whereas PD98509 inhibited JNK phosphorylation with or without OCP. Interestingly, the AKT total level decreased after OCP treatment, but AKT phosphorylation increased considerably. Our results demonstrate that OCP materials modulate cell signaling pathways and increase cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoona Jung
- Dental biomaterials science, School of dentistry and dental research institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooseong Kim
- HudensBio Co., Ltd, 318 Cheomdanyeonsin-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61088, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyoung Kim
- HudensBio Co., Ltd, 318 Cheomdanyeonsin-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61088, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Hye Chung
- Dental biomaterials science, School of dentistry and dental research institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhong Wie
- Department of Physiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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17
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Stem Cells in Autologous Microfragmented Adipose Tissue: Current Perspectives in Osteoarthritis Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910197. [PMID: 34638538 PMCID: PMC8508703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic debilitating disorder causing pain and gradual degeneration of weight-bearing joints with detrimental effects on cartilage volume as well as cartilage damage, generating inflammation in the joint structure. The etiology of OA is multifactorial. Currently, therapies are mainly addressing the physical and occupational aspects of osteoarthritis using pharmacologic pain treatment and/or surgery to manage the symptomatology of the disease with no specific regard to disease progression or prevention. Herein, we highlight alternative therapeutics for OA specifically considering innovative and encouraging translational methods with the use of adipose mesenchymal stem cells.
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18
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Malafoglia V, Ilari S, Vitiello L, Tenti M, Balzani E, Muscoli C, Raffaeli W, Bonci A. The Interplay between Chronic Pain, Opioids, and the Immune System. Neuroscientist 2021; 28:613-627. [PMID: 34269117 DOI: 10.1177/10738584211030493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain represents one of the most serious worldwide medical problems, in terms of both social and economic costs, often causing severe and intractable physical and psychological suffering. The lack of biological markers for pain, which could assist in forming clearer diagnoses and prognoses, makes chronic pain therapy particularly arduous and sometimes harmful. Opioids are used worldwide to treat chronic pain conditions, but there is still an ambiguous and inadequate understanding about their therapeutic use, mostly because of their dual effect in acutely reducing pain and inducing, at the same time, tolerance, dependence, and a risk for opioid use disorder. In addition, clinical studies suggest that opioid treatment can be associated with a high risk of immune suppression and the development of inflammatory events, worsening the chronic pain status itself. While opioid peptides and receptors are expressed in both central and peripheral nervous cells, immune cells, and tissues, the role of opioids and their receptors, when and why they are activated endogenously and what their exact role is in chronic pain pathways is still poorly understood. Thus, in this review we aim to highlight the interplay between pain and immune system, focusing on opioids and their receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Ilari
- Department of Health Science Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Michael Tenti
- Institute for Research on Pain, ISAL Foundation, Rimini, Italy
| | - Eleonora Balzani
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- Department of Health Science Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health (IRC-FSH), University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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19
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes and Their Therapeutic Potential for Osteoarthritis. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040285. [PMID: 33915850 PMCID: PMC8066608 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have demonstrated their therapeutic potential for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment in preclinical and clinical studies, conventional MSC-based therapies have some limitations that must be overcome. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are bilayer membrane structures containing bioactive components including proteins, lipids, and RNAs. EVs are classified into exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies according to sizes, origins, biomarkers, and compositions. It has been reported that MSC-derived exosomes contain a variety of cytokines, growth factors, and microRNAs, and have comparable anti-inflammatory and regenerative potentials similar to those of MSCs. Here, we review the characteristics and isolation techniques of MSC-derived exosomes and their use for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Abstract Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles (50–150 nm in diameter) that contain nucleic acids (e.g., microRNA and messenger RNA), functional proteins, and bioactive lipids. They are secreted by various types of cells, including B cells, T cells, reticulocytes, dendritic cells, mast cells, epithelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). They perform a wide variety of functions, including the repair of damaged tissues, regulation of immune responses, and reduction in inflammation. When considering the limitations of MSCs, including issues in standardization and immunogenicity, MSC-derived exosomes have advantages such as small dimensions, low immunogenicity, and lack of requirement for additional procedures for culture expansion or delivery. MSC-derived exosomes have shown outstanding therapeutic effects through chondro-protective and anti-inflammatory properties. MSC-derived exosomes may enable a new therapeutic paradigm for the treatment of osteoarthritis. However, further research is needed to prove their clinical effectiveness and feasibility.
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20
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Alamri RD, Elmeligy MA, Albalawi GA, Alquayr SM, Alsubhi SS, El-Ghaiesh SH. Leflunomide an immunomodulator with antineoplastic and antiviral potentials but drug-induced liver injury: A comprehensive review. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 93:107398. [PMID: 33571819 PMCID: PMC7869628 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Leflunomide (LF) represents the prototype member of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) enzyme inhibitors. DHODH is a mitochondrial inner membrane enzyme responsible for catalytic conversion of dihydroorotate into orotate, a rate-limiting step in the de novo synthesis of the pyrimidine nucleotides. LF produces cellular depletion of pyrimidine nucleotides required for cell growth and proliferation. Based on the affected cells the outcome can be attainable as immunosuppression, antiproliferative, and/or the recently gained attention of the antiviral potentials of LF and its new congeners. Also, protein tyrosine kinase inhibition is an additional mechanistic benefit of LF, which inhibits immunological events such as cellular expansion and immunoglobulin production with an enhanced release of immunosuppressant cytokines. LF is approved for the treatment of autoimmune arthritis of rheumatoid and psoriatic pathogenesis. Also, LF has been used off-label for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. However, LF antiviral activity is repurposed and under investigation with related compounds under a phase-I trial as a SARS CoV-2 antiviral in cases with COVID-19. Despite success in improving patients' mobility and reducing joint destruction, reported events of LF-induced liver injury necessitated regulatory precautions. LF should not be used in patients with hepatic impairment or in combination with drugs elaborating a burden on the liver without regular monitoring of liver enzymes and serum bilirubin as safety biomarkers. This study aims to review the pharmacological and safety profile of LF with a focus on the LF-induced hepatic injury from the perspective of pathophysiology and possible protective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad D Alamri
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Sarah M Alquayr
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sabah H El-Ghaiesh
- Deaprtment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 47713, Saudi Arabia.
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21
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Liu JA, Yu J, Cheung CW. Immune Actions on the Peripheral Nervous System in Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031448. [PMID: 33535595 PMCID: PMC7867183 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain can be induced by tissue injuries, diseases and infections. The interactions between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and immune system are primary actions in pain sensitizations. In response to stimuli, nociceptors release various mediators from their terminals that potently activate and recruit immune cells, whereas infiltrated immune cells further promote sensitization of nociceptors and the transition from acute to chronic pain by producing cytokines, chemokines, lipid mediators and growth factors. Immune cells not only play roles in pain production but also contribute to PNS repair and pain resolution by secreting anti-inflammatory or analgesic effectors. Here, we discuss the distinct roles of four major types of immune cells (monocyte/macrophage, neutrophil, mast cell, and T cell) acting on the PNS during pain process. Integration of this current knowledge will enhance our understanding of cellular changes and molecular mechanisms underlying pain pathogenies, providing insights for developing new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Aijia Liu
- Correspondence: (J.A.L.); (C.W.C.); Tel.: +852-2255-3303 (J.A.L. & C.W.C.); Fax: +852-2855-1654 (J.A.L. & C.W.C.)
| | | | - Chi Wai Cheung
- Correspondence: (J.A.L.); (C.W.C.); Tel.: +852-2255-3303 (J.A.L. & C.W.C.); Fax: +852-2855-1654 (J.A.L. & C.W.C.)
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22
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Dai H, Adamopoulos IE. Psoriatic arthritis under the influence of IFNγ. Clin Immunol 2020; 218:108513. [PMID: 32574710 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common multifactorial autoimmune disease of the skin, and in a large percentage of patients, immune responses involve nail and joint pathology, which develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Historically, T helper 1 (Th1)-derived-IFN-γ was abundantly detected in psoriatic skin and its correlation with development and severity of PsO, led to an early classification of psoriasis as a Th1-mediated disease. Investigations of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of PsO pathogenesis in recent years, together with impressive results of biologics against interleukin 17A (IL-17) have shifted focus on IL-17A. However, the contributions of IFN-γ in IL-17 induced pathology and its involvement in the development of PsA have been largely overshadowed. This review summarizes the current knowledge on IFN-γ and provides new insights on the contribution of IFN-γ to PsO and PsA disease pathogenesis and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Iannis E Adamopoulos
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, USA; Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, USA.
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23
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Martin K, Touil R, Cvijetic G, Israel L, Kolb Y, Sarret S, Valeaux S, Degl'Innocenti E, Le Meur T, Caesar N, Bardet M, Beerli C, Zerwes HG, Kovarik J, Beltz K, Schlapbach A, Quancard J, Régnier CH, Bigaud M, Junt T, Wieczorek G, Isnardi I, Littlewood-Evans A, Bornancin F, Calzascia T. Requirement of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Translocation Protein 1 Protease Activity for Fcγ Receptor-Induced Arthritis, but Not Fcγ Receptor-Mediated Platelet Elimination, in Mice. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:919-930. [PMID: 31943941 DOI: 10.1002/art.41204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fcγ receptors (FcγR) play important roles in both protective and pathogenic immune responses. The assembly of the CBM signalosome encompassing caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9, B cell CLL/lymphoma 10, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT-1) is required for optimal FcγR-induced canonical NF-κB activation and proinflammatory cytokine release. This study was undertaken to clarify the relevance of MALT-1 protease activity in FcγR-driven events and evaluate the therapeutic potential of selective MALT-1 protease inhibitors in FcγR-mediated diseases. METHODS Using genetic and pharmacologic disruption of MALT-1 scaffolding and enzymatic activity, we assessed the relevance of MALT-1 function in murine and human primary myeloid cells upon stimulation with immune complexes (ICs) and in murine models of autoantibody-driven arthritis and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). RESULTS MALT-1 protease function is essential for optimal FcγR-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines by various murine and human myeloid cells stimulated with ICs. In contrast, MALT-1 protease inhibition did not affect the Syk-dependent, FcγR-mediated production of reactive oxygen species or leukotriene B4 . Notably, pharmacologic MALT-1 protease inhibition in vivo reduced joint inflammation in the murine K/BxN serum-induced arthritis model (mean area under the curve for paw swelling of 45.42% versus 100% in control mice; P = 0.0007) but did not affect platelet depletion in a passive model of ITP. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a specific contribution of MALT-1 protease activity to FcγR-mediated events and suggest that MALT-1 protease inhibitors have therapeutic potential in a subset of FcγR-driven inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kea Martin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ratiba Touil
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Laura Israel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yeter Kolb
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Sarret
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Thomas Le Meur
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Caesar
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maureen Bardet
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jiri Kovarik
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karen Beltz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jean Quancard
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Marc Bigaud
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Junt
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
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24
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Cohen S, Tuckwell K, Katsumoto TR, Zhao R, Galanter J, Lee C, Rae J, Toth B, Ramamoorthi N, Hackney JA, Berman A, Damjanov N, Fedkov D, Jeka S, Chinn LW, Townsend MJ, Morimoto AM, Genovese MC. Fenebrutinib versus Placebo or Adalimumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase II Trial (ANDES Study). Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:1435-1446. [PMID: 32270926 PMCID: PMC7496340 DOI: 10.1002/art.41275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate fenebrutinib, an oral and highly selective non-covalent inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Patients with RA and inadequate response to methotrexate (cohort 1, n=480) were randomized to fenebrutinib (50 mg once daily, 150 mg once daily, 200 mg twice daily), 40 mg adalimumab every other week, or placebo. Patients with RA and inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (cohort 2, n=98) received fenebrutinib (200 mg twice daily) or placebo. Both cohorts continued methotrexate therapy. RESULTS In cohort 1, American College of Rheumatology scores (ACR50) at week 12 were similar for fenebrutinib 50 mg once daily and placebo, and higher for fenebrutinib 150 mg once daily (28%) and 200 mg twice daily (35%) than placebo (15%) (p=0.017; p=0.0003). Fenebrutinib 200 mg twice daily and adalimumab (36%) were comparable (p=0.81). In cohort 2, more patients achieved ACR50 with fenebrutinib 200 mg twice daily (25%) than placebo (12%) (p=0.072). The most common adverse events for fenebrutinib included nausea, headache, anemia, and upper respiratory tract infections. Fenebrutinib had significant effects on myeloid and B cell biomarkers (CCL4 and rheumatoid factor). Fenebrutinib and adalimumab caused overlapping as well as distinct changes in B cell and myeloid biomarkers. CONCLUSION Fenebrutinib demonstrated efficacy comparable to adalimumab in patients with an inadequate response to methotrexate, and safety consistent with existing immunomodulatory therapies for RA. These data support targeting both B and myeloid cells via this novel mechanism for potential efficacy in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rui Zhao
- Genentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCalifornia
| | | | - Chin Lee
- Genentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Julie Rae
- Genentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Balazs Toth
- Genentech, Inc.South San FranciscoCalifornia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Slawomir Jeka
- Collegium Medicum Jan Biziel University Hospital no 2BydgoszczPoland
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25
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Ragipoglu D, Dudeck A, Haffner-Luntzer M, Voss M, Kroner J, Ignatius A, Fischer V. The Role of Mast Cells in Bone Metabolism and Bone Disorders. Front Immunol 2020; 11:163. [PMID: 32117297 PMCID: PMC7025484 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are important sensor and effector cells of the immune system that are involved in many physiological and pathological conditions. Increasing evidence suggests that they also play an important role in bone metabolism and bone disorders. MCs are located in the bone marrow and secrete a wide spectrum of mediators, which can be rapidly released upon activation of mature MCs following their differentiation in mucosal or connective tissues. Many of these mediators can exert osteocatabolic effects by promoting osteoclast formation [e.g., histamine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6)] and/or by inhibiting osteoblast activity (e.g., IL-1, TNF). By contrast, MCs could potentially act in an osteoprotective manner by stimulating osteoblasts (e.g., transforming growth factor-β) or reducing osteoclastogenesis (e.g., IL-12, interferon-γ). Experimental studies investigating MC functions in physiological bone turnover using MC-deficient mouse lines give contradictory results, reporting delayed or increased bone turnover or no influence depending on the mouse model used. By contrast, the involvement of MCs in various pathological conditions affecting bone is evident. MCs may contribute to the pathogenesis of primary and secondary osteoporosis as well as inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, because increased numbers of MCs were found in patients suffering from these diseases. The clinical observations could be largely confirmed in experimental studies using MC-deficient mouse models, which also provide mechanistic insights. MCs also regulate bone healing after fracture by influencing the inflammatory response toward the fracture, vascularization, bone formation, and callus remodeling by osteoclasts. This review summarizes the current view and understanding of the role of MCs on bone in both physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ragipoglu
- Trauma Research Center Ulm, Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anne Dudeck
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Haffner-Luntzer
- Trauma Research Center Ulm, Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Voss
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Kroner
- Trauma Research Center Ulm, Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Trauma Research Center Ulm, Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Verena Fischer
- Trauma Research Center Ulm, Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
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26
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Richards J, Tang S, Gunsch G, Sul P, Wiet M, Flanigan DC, Khan SN, Moore S, Walter B, Purmessur D. Mast Cell/Proteinase Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2) Mediated Interactions in the Pathogenesis of Discogenic Back Pain. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:294. [PMID: 31333416 PMCID: PMC6625229 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are present in the painful degenerate human intervertebral disc (IVD) and are associated with disease pathogenesis. MCs release granules containing enzymatic and inflammatory factors in response to stimulants or allergens. The serine protease, tryptase, is unique to MCs and its activation of the G-protein coupled receptor, Protease Activated Receptor 2 (PAR2), induces inflammation and degradation in osteoarthritic cartilage. Our previously published work has demonstrated increased levels of MC marker tryptase in IVD samples from discogenic back pain patients compared to healthy control IVD samples including expression of chemotactic agents that may facilitate MC migration into the IVD. To further elucidate MCs’ role in the IVD and mechanisms underlying its effects, we investigated whether (1) human IVD cells can promote MC migration, (2) MC tryptase can mediate up-regulation of inflammatory/catabolic process in human IVD cells and tissue, and (3) the potential of PAR2 antagonist to function as a therapeutic drug in in vitro human and ex vivo bovine pilot models of disease. MC migration was quantitatively assessed using conditioned media from primary human IVD cells and MC migration examined through Matrigel. Exposure to soluble IVD factors significantly enhanced MC migration, suggesting IVD cells can recruit MCs. We also demonstrated significant upregulation of MC chemokine SCF and angiogenic factor VEGFA gene expression in human IVD cells in vitro in response to recombinant human tryptase, suggesting tryptase can enhance recruitment of MCs and promotion of angiogenesis into the usually avascular IVD. Furthermore, tryptase can degrade proteoglycans in IVD tissue as demonstrated by significant increases in glycosaminoglycans released into surrounding media. This can create a catabolic microenvironment compromising structural integrity and facilitating vascular migration usually inhibited by the anti-angiogenic IVD matrix. Finally, as a “proof of concept” study, we examined the therapeutic potential of PAR2 antagonist (PAR2A) on human IVD cells and bovine organ culture IVD model. While preliminary data shows promise and points toward structural restoration of the bovine IVD including down-regulation of VEGFA, effects of PAR2 antagonist on human IVD cells differ between gender and donors suggesting that further validation is required with larger cohorts of human specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Richards
- College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shirley Tang
- College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Gilian Gunsch
- College of Arts and Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Pavel Sul
- College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Matthew Wiet
- College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - David C Flanigan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Safdar N Khan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sarah Moore
- College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Benjamin Walter
- College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Orthopaedics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Devina Purmessur
- College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Orthopaedics, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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27
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Hodgkinson T, Shen B, Diwan A, Hoyland JA, Richardson SM. Therapeutic potential of growth differentiation factors in the treatment of degenerative disc diseases. JOR Spine 2019; 2:e1045. [PMID: 31463459 PMCID: PMC6686806 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a major contributing factor to chronic low back pain and disability, leading to imbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes, altered extracellular matrix composition, loss of tissue hydration, inflammation, and impaired mechanical functionality. Current treatments aim to manage symptoms rather than treat underlying pathology. Therefore, IVD degeneration is a target for regenerative medicine strategies. Research has focused on understanding the molecular process of degeneration and the identification of various factors that may have the ability to halt and even reverse the degenerative process. One such family of growth factors, the growth differentiation factor (GDF) family, have shown particular promise for disc regeneration in in vitro and in vivo models of IVD degeneration. This review outlines our current understanding of IVD degeneration, and in this context, aims to discuss recent advancements in the use of GDF family members as anabolic factors for disc regeneration. An increasing body of evidence indicates that GDF family members are central to IVD homeostatic processes and are able to upregulate healthy nucleus pulposus cell marker genes in degenerative cells, induce mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into nucleus pulposus cells and even act as chemotactic signals mobilizing resident cell populations during disc injury repair. The understanding of GDF signaling and its interplay with inflammatory and catabolic processes may be critical for the future development of effective IVD regeneration therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Hodgkinson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Bojiang Shen
- St. George Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ashish Diwan
- St. George Clinical SchoolUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Judith A. Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation TrustManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
| | - Stephen M. Richardson
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Sciences CentreManchesterUK
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28
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Meziara Wilson T, Machado M, De Sousa DER, Braúna T, Torres Neto R, Laufer-Amorim R, Szabó MPJ, De Castro MB. Immunopathological findings in a cat with auricular chondritis. Acta Vet Hung 2019; 67:81-86. [PMID: 30922093 DOI: 10.1556/004.2019.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
At clinical examination, a 5-year-old male domestic short-haired cat exhibited painful swelling and erythema of the pinnae of both ears. Microscopically, the lesions on both pinnae were composed of diffuse granulomatous chondritis with degeneration and necrosis of the pinnal cartilage. Numerous mast cells were also observed within and surrounding the inflammatory lesion. Immunohistochemistry showed a mixed inflammatory infiltrate characterised by the predominance of macrophages (CD68+, MAC 387+ and Lysozyme+), T lymphocytes (CD3+), some B lymphocytes (CD79α+) and neutrophils. Immunopathological characterisation of the lesion showed a granulomatous inflammation profile and suggests that the morphological changes and immunopathogenesis of auricular chondritis in cats presents a similarity with relapsing polychondritis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mizael Machado
- 1 Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, 70330-050 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Tainã Braúna
- 2 Small Animal Veterinary Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasília, Federal District, 70330-050 Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- 4 School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matias Pablo Juan Szabó
- 5 Ixodology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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29
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Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy of osteoarthritis: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:2318-2326. [PMID: 30551490 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, prevalent, debilitating joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, bone marrow lesions, meniscal damage, and synovitis. Innate immune cells (natural killer cells, macrophages, and mast cells) play the most important pathogenic role in the early inflammatory response, while cells of adaptive immunity (CD4 + Th1 lymphocytes and antibody producing B cells) significantly contribute to the development of chronic, relapsing course of inflammation in OA patients. Conventional therapy for OA is directed toward symptomatic treatment, mainly pain management, and is not able to promote regeneration of degenerated cartilage or to attenuate joint inflammation. Since articular cartilage, intra-articular ligaments, and menisci have no ability to heal, regeneration of these tissues remains one of the most important goals of new therapeutic approaches used for OA treatment. Due to their capacity for differentiation into chondrocytes and due to their immunomodulatory properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been the most extensively explored as new therapeutic agents in the cell-based therapy of OA. Simple acquisition, rapid proliferation, maintenance of differentiation potential after repeated passages in vitro, minor immunological rejection due to the low surface expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens, efficient engraftment and long-term coexistence in the host are the main characteristics of MSCs that enable their therapeutic use in OA. In this review article, we emphasized current knowledge and future perspectives regarding molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for beneficial effects of autologous and allogeneic MSCs in the treatment of OA.
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30
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Pan YJ, Wang WH, Huang TY, Weng WH, Fang CK, Chen YC, Hwang JJ. Quetiapine ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis in mice via the suppression of the AKT and ERK signaling pathways. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:847-861. [PMID: 30109356 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN To investigate the amelioration effects of quetiapine on rheumatoid arthritis with RAW 264.7 macrophage and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) DBA/1J mouse model. SUBJECTS RAW 264.7 macrophage and DBA/1J mice. TREATMENT Lipopolysaccharide and collagen. METHODS RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) followed by quetiapine treatments were investigated. Activations of CD80 and CD86 were analyzed by flow cytometry. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β were analyzed by ELISA. Proteins involved in signaling pathways related to the formation of rheumatoid arthritis were assayed by Western blotting. Therapeutic efficacy of quetiapine in CIA mouse model was also assayed. 18F-FDG/micro-PET was used to monitor the inflammation status in the joints, and the severity of bone erosion was evaluated with micro-CT and H&E staining. RESULTS The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines by quetiapine was found through the ERK and AKT phosphorylation and subsequent NF-κB and CREB signaling pathways. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17, IL-6 and IL-1β were decreased, while immunosuppressive factors such as TGF-β and IL-10 were increased in CIA mice treated with quetiapine. Notably, no uptake of 18F-FDG and bone erosion was found with micro-PET images on days 32 and 43 in the quetiapine-treated and normal control groups. However, significant uptake of 18F-FDG could be observed in the CIA group during the same time course. Similar results were further verified with ex vivo autoradiography. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results suggest that quetiapine is a potential anti-inflammatory drug, and may be used as an adjuvant for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Banciao, New Taipei City, 220, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kao-hsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yao Huang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Weng
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Fang
- Department of Psychiatry and Suicide Prevention Center, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No. 155, Sec.2, Li-Nong Street, Bei-tou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Koo Foundation Sun Yat-Sen Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Jong Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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31
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Veale DJ, Fearon U. The pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis. Lancet 2018; 391:2273-2284. [PMID: 29893226 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory arthropathy that presents with inflammation of the joints and entheses, including those of the axial skeleton, and is associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular disease. Diagnosis is primarily based on clinical phenotype because of the diversity of the associated features, which can include skin and nail disease, dactylitis, uveitis, and osteitis. Improved understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis has led to the development of effective biologics and small-molecular drugs targeting specific cytokines and signalling pathways, which can prevent disease progression and improve quality of life. However, at least 40% of patients with psoriatic arthritis have only a partial response or fail to respond to such treatments. Cytokine inhibitors, mainly those specific for tumour necrosis factor and, more recently, the interleukin 23-T-helper-17 cell pathway, have been highly successful in the treatment of disease manifestations in several different tissues, although targeting the interleukin 23-T-helper-17 cell pathway might be more effective in psoriasis than in arthritis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis-which include genetics, environmental factors, and immune-mediated inflammation-are complex, and the relationship between disease of the joint and that of other domains is poorly understood. Improving our understanding of psoriatic arthritis pathogenesis could help to establish validated biomarkers for diagnosis, predict therapeutic response and remission, develop precision medicines, and predict which patients will respond to which therapy. We discuss advances in pathogenetic translational research that could inform these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J Veale
- Rheumatology EULAR Centre of Excellence, St Vincent's University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Ursula Fearon
- Rheumatology EULAR Centre of Excellence, St Vincent's University Hospital and University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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32
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Raoof R, Willemen HLDM, Eijkelkamp N. Divergent roles of immune cells and their mediators in pain. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018; 57:429-440. [PMID: 28968842 PMCID: PMC5850827 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a major debilitating condition that is difficult to treat. Although chronic pain may appear to be a disorder of the nervous system, crucial roles for immune cells and their mediators have been identified as important contributors in various types of pain. This review focuses on how the immune system regulates pain and discusses the emerging roles of immune cells in the initiation or maintenance of chronic pain. We highlight which immune cells infiltrate damaged nerves, the dorsal root ganglia, spinal cord and tissues around free nerve endings and discuss through which mechanisms they control pain. Finally we discuss emerging roles of the immune system in resolving pain and how the immune system contributes to the transition from acute to chronic pain. We propose that targeting some of these immune processes may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Raoof
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke L D M Willemen
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease (NIDOD), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Eijkelkamp
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease (NIDOD), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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33
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Ragab G, Atkinson TP, Stoll ML. Macrophage Activation Syndrome. THE MICROBIOME IN RHEUMATIC DISEASES AND INFECTION 2018. [PMCID: PMC7123081 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-79026-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), or termed macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) when associated with rheumatic disorders, is a frequently fatal complication of infections, rheumatic disorders, and hematopoietic malignancies. Clinically, HLH/MAS is a life-threatening condition that is usually diagnosed among febrile hospitalized patients (children and adults) who commonly present with unremitting fever and a shock-like multiorgan dysfunction scenario. Laboratory studies reveal pancytopenia, elevated liver enzymes, elevated markers of inflammation (ESR, CRP), hyperferritinemia, and features of coagulopathy. In about 60% of cases, excess hemophagocytosis (macrophages/histiocytes engulfing other hematopoietic cell types) is noted on biopsy specimens from the bone marrow, liver, lymph nodes, and other organs. HLH/MAS has been hypothesized to occur when a threshold level of inflammation has been achieved, and genetic and environmental risk factors are believed to contribute to the hyperinflammatory state. A broad variety of infections, from viruses to fungi to bacteria, have been identified as triggers of HLH/MAS, either in isolation or in addition to an underlying inflammatory disease state. Certain infections, particularly by members of the herpesvirus family, are the most notorious triggers of HLH/MAS. Treatment for infection-triggered MAS requires therapy for both the underlying infection and dampening of the hyperactive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaafar Ragab
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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34
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Li L, Wang XY, Meng H, Liu GR, Liu C, Dong YM. In vitro and in vivo anti-allergic effects of an extract of a traditional Chinese medicine preparation. BIOMEDICAL DERMATOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s41702-017-0005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Wiet MG, Piscioneri A, Khan SN, Ballinger MN, Hoyland JA, Purmessur D. Mast Cell-Intervertebral disc cell interactions regulate inflammation, catabolism and angiogenesis in Discogenic Back Pain. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12492. [PMID: 28970490 PMCID: PMC5624870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a widespread debilitating disorder of significant socio-economic importance and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Despite its high prevalence the underlying causes of LBP and IVD degeneration are not well understood. Recent work in musculoskeletal degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis have revealed a critical role for immune cells, specifically mast cells in their pathophysiology, eluding to a potential role for these cells in the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration. This study sought to characterize the presence and role of mast cells within the IVD, specifically, mast cell-IVD cell interactions using immunohistochemistry and 3D in-vitro cell culture methods. Mast cells were upregulated in painful human IVD tissue and induced an inflammatory, catabolic and pro-angiogenic phenotype in bovine nucleus pulposus and cartilage endplate cells at the gene level. Healthy bovine annulus fibrosus cells, however, demonstrated a protective role against key inflammatory (IL-1β and TNFα) and pro-angiogenic (VEGFA) genes expressed by mast cells, and mitigated neo-angiogenesis formation in vitro. In conclusion, mast cells can infiltrate and elicit a degenerate phenotype in IVD cells, enhancing key disease processes that characterize the degenerate IVD, making them a potential therapeutic target for LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Wiet
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio, 201 Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Andrew Piscioneri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio, 201 Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Safdar N Khan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1070 OSU CarePoint East, 543 Taylor Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43203, USA
| | - Megan N Ballinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, 201 Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, United Kingdom
- NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Devina Purmessur
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio, 201 Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, 473 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.
- Department of Orthopedics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 1070 OSU CarePoint East, 543 Taylor Avenue, Columbus, Ohio, 43203, USA.
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Guzmán-Mejía F, López-Rubalcava C, González-Espinosa C. Stimulation of nAchRα7 Receptor Inhibits TNF Synthesis and Secretion in Response to LPS Treatment of Mast Cells by Targeting ERK1/2 and TACE Activation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2017; 13:39-52. [PMID: 28822039 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-017-9760-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is recognized as one of the main mechanisms of neuromodulation of the immune system. Activation of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAchRα7) suppresses cytokine synthesis in distinct immune cells but the molecular mechanisms behind this effect remain to be fully described. Mast cells (MCs) are essential players of allergic reactions and innate immunity responses related to chronic inflammation. Activation of TLR4 receptor in MCs leads to the rapid secretion of pre-synthesized TNF from intracellular pools and to the activation of NFκB, necessary for de novo synthesis of TNF and other cytokines. Here we report that the nAchRα7 receptor specific agonist GTS-21 inhibits TLR4-induced secretion of preformed TNF from MCs in vivo and in vitro. Utilizing bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) it was found that GTS-21 also diminished secretion of de novo synthesized TNF, TNF mRNA accumulation and IKK-dependent p65-NFκB phosphorylation in response to LPS. nAchRα7 triggering prevented TLR4-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which resulted an essential step for TNF secretion due to the phosphorylation of the metallopeptidase responsible for TNF maturation (TACE). Main inhibitory actions of GTS-21 were prevented by AG490, an inhibitor of JAK-2 kinase. Our results show for the first time, that besides the prevention of NFκB-dependent transcription, inhibitory actions of nAchRα7 triggering include the blockade of pathways leading to exocytosis of granule-stored cytokines in MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Guzmán-Mejía
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios No 235, Colonia Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, CP 14330, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - C López-Rubalcava
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios No 235, Colonia Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, CP 14330, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - C González-Espinosa
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Sede Sur, Calzada de los Tenorios No 235, Colonia Granjas Coapa, Tlalpan, CP 14330, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Hua S, Dias TH, Pepperall DG, Yang Y. Topical Loperamide-Encapsulated Liposomal Gel Increases the Severity of Inflammation and Accelerates Disease Progression in the Adjuvant-Induced Model of Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:503. [PMID: 28824428 PMCID: PMC5539122 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the prophylactic effect of the peripherally-selective mu-opioid receptor agonist, loperamide, administered topically in a liposomal gel formulation on pain, inflammation, and disease progression in the adjuvant-induced model of experimental rheumatoid arthritis in female Lewis rats. In a randomized, blinded and controlled animal trial, AIA rats were divided into six groups consisting of eleven rats per group based on the following treatments: loperamide liposomal gel, free loperamide gel, empty liposomal gel, diclofenac gel (Voltaren®), no treatment, and naive control. Topical formulations were applied daily for a maximum of 17 days-starting from day 0 at the same time as immunization. The time course of the effect of the treatments on antinocieption and inflammation was assessed using a paw pressure analgesiometer and plethysmometer, respectively. Arthritis progression was scored daily using an established scoring protocol. At the end of the study, hind paws were processed for histological analysis. Administration of loperamide liposomal gel daily across the duration of the study produced significant peripheral antinociception as expected; however, increased the severity of inflammation and accelerated arthritis progression. This was indicated by an increase in paw volume, behavioral and observational scoring, and histological analysis compared to the control groups. In particular, histology results showed an increase in pannus formation and synovial inflammation, as well as an upregulation of markers of inflammation and angiogenesis. These findings may have implications for the use of loperamide and other opioids in arthritis and potentially other chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hua
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of NewcastleCallaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Thilani H Dias
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of NewcastleCallaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Debbie-Gai Pepperall
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of NewcastleCallaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Yuan Yang
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
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Seneviratne SL, Maitland A, Afrin L. Mast cell disorders in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 175:226-236. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Fusco M, Skaper SD, Coaccioli S, Varrassi G, Paladini A. Degenerative Joint Diseases and Neuroinflammation. Pain Pract 2017; 17:522-532. [DOI: 10.1111/papr.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Fusco
- Scientific Information and Documentation Center; Epitech Group; Padua Italy
| | - Stephen D. Skaper
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences; University of Padua; Padua Italy
| | - Stefano Coaccioli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology; Santa Maria Hospital; University of Perugia; Terni Italy
| | - Giustino Varrassi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine; School of Dentistry; LUdeS University; La Valletta Malta
- Paolo Procacci Foundation and European League Against Pain; Rome Italy
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40
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Li L, Zhang XH, Liu GR, Liu C, Dong YM. Isoquercitrin suppresses the expression of histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the activation of MAP Kinases and NF-κB in human KU812 cells. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 14:407-12. [PMID: 27473957 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(16)30036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells and basophils are multifunctional effector cells that contain abundant secretory granules in their cytoplasm. Both cell types are involved in a variety of inflammatory and immune events, producing an array of inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines. The aim of the study was to examine whether isoquercitrin modulates allergic and inflammatory reactions in the human basophilic KU812 cells and to elucidate its influence on the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation. The KU812 cells were stimulated with phorbol-12-myristate 13-acetate plus the calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI). The inhibitory effects of isoquercitrin on the productions of histamine and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the stimulated KU812 cells were measured using cytokine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays. Western blotting analysis was used to assess the effects of isoquercitrin on the MAPKs and NF-κB protein levels. Our results indicated that the isoquercitrin treatment of PMACI-stimulated KU812 cells significantly reduced the production of histamine and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The treated cells exhibited decreased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), revealing the role of ERK MAPK in isoquercitrin-mediated allergy inhibition. Furthermore, isoquercitrin suppressed the PMACI-mediated activation of NF-κB in the human basophil cells. In conclusion, the results from the present study provide insights into the potential therapeutic use of isoquercitrin for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | | | - Chang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yin-Mao Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
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Yoo JM, Yang JH, Kim YS, Yang HJ, Cho WK, Ma JY. Inhibitory Effects of Viscum coloratum Extract on IgE/Antigen-Activated Mast Cells and Mast Cell-Derived Inflammatory Mediator-Activated Chondrocytes. Molecules 2016; 22:molecules22010037. [PMID: 28036032 PMCID: PMC6155826 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation and infiltration of mast cells are found in osteoarthritic lesions in humans and rodents. Nonetheless, the roles of mast cells in osteoarthritis are almost unknown. Although Viscum coloratum has various beneficial actions, its effect on allergic and osteoarthritic responses is unknown. In this study, we established an in vitro model of mast cell-mediated osteoarthritis and investigated the effect of the ethanol extract of Viscum coloratum (VEE) on IgE/antigen (IgE/Ag)-activated mast cells and mast cell-derived inflammatory mediator (MDIM)-stimulated chondrocytes. The anti-allergic effect of VEE was evaluated by degranulation, inflammatory mediators, and the FcεRI signaling cascade in IgE/Ag-activated RBL-2H3 cells. The anti-osteoarthritic action of VEE was evaluated by cell migration, and the expression, secretion, and activity of MMPs in MDIM-stimulated SW1353 cells. VEE significantly inhibited degranulation (IC50: 93.04 μg/mL), the production of IL-4 (IC50: 73.28 μg/mL), TNF-α (IC50: 50.59 μg/mL), PGD2 and LTC4, and activation of the FcεRI signaling cascade in IgE/Ag-activated RBL-2H3 cells. Moreover, VEE not only reduced cell migration but also inhibited the expression, secretion, and/or activity of MMP-1, MMP-3, or MMP-13 in MDIM-stimulated SW1353 cells. In conclusion, VEE possesses both anti-allergic and anti-osteoarthritic properties. Therefore, VEE could possibly be considered a new herbal drug for anti-allergic and anti-osteoarthritic therapy. Moreover, the in vitro model may be useful for the development of anti-osteoarthritic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Myung Yoo
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Ju-Hye Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Young Soo Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Hye Jin Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Won-Kyung Cho
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea.
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42
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Ben IO, Woode E, Koffuor GA, Asiamah EA. Anti-anaphylactic effects of Trichilia monadelpha (Thonn.) J. J. De Wilde extracts on rodent models of anaphylaxis. Res Pharm Sci 2016; 11:397-404. [PMID: 27920822 PMCID: PMC5122829 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.192491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of petroleum ether and ethanolic extracts of Trichilia monadelpha stem bark (PEE and EAE) on compound 48/80-induced systemic and passive anaphylaxis were determined. Survival rate, extravasation, degranulation of mast cells, and secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured after pre-treatment with extracts (10-100 mg/kg) and disodium chromoglycate (2.5-250 μg/kg) and induction of anaphylaxis in C57BL/6 mice or Sprague-Dawley rats with compound 48/80. Histopathological assessments were made from skin biopsies of rats. Data was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier Survival Log-Rank Analysis, or One-way ANOVA and Holm-Sidak’s post hoc test. PEE and EAE inhibited (P ≤ 0.0001) tremors in systemic anaphylaxis passive cutaneous anaphylactic reactions and extravasation, stabilized or prevented (P ≤ 0.001-0.0001) mast cell degranulation, and inhibited (P ≤ 0.001-0.0001) TNF-α and IL-6 secretion. Per the findings, PEE and EAE of T. monadelpha have exhibited substantial anti-anaphylactic and anti-inflammatory property (with PEE performing better) which substantiates its use traditionally in management of allergies and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inemesit Okon Ben
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele Campus, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Eric Woode
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - George Asumeng Koffuor
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Akomanin Asiamah
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences / Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Liu Y, Chen S, Pan B, Guan Z, Yang Z, Duan L, Cai H. A subunit vaccine based on rH-NS induces protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by inducing the Th1 immune response and activating macrophages. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:909-922. [PMID: 27563010 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmw078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a Gram-positive pathogen which causes tuberculosis in both animals and humans. All tested rH-NS formulations induced a specific Th1 response, as indicated by increased production of interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) by lymphocytes in the spleen of mice which were immunized with rH-NS alone or with rH-NS and the adjuvant cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). Serum from mice immunized with rH-NS with or without adjuvant also had higher levels of IL-12p40 and TNF-α, compared with those from control mice immunized with phosphate-buffered saline. Both vaccines increased protective efficacy in mice which were challenged with Mtb H37Rv, as measured by reduced relative CFU counts in the lungs. We found that rH-NS induced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12p40, which relied on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by stimulating the rapid phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38, and JNK, and on the activation of transcription factor NF-κB in macrophages. Additionally, we also found that rH-NS could interact with TLR2 but not TLR4 in pull-down assays. The rH-NS-induced cytokine production from TLR2-silenced RAW264.7 cells was lower than that from BALB/c macrophages. Prolonged exposure (>24 h) of RAW264.7 cells to rH-NS resulted in a significant enhancement in IFN-γ-induced MHC II expression, which was not found in shTLR2-treated RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that rH-NS is a TLR2 agonist which induces the production of cytokines by macrophages and up-regulates macrophage function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Suting Chen
- National Clinical Laboratory on Tuberculosis, Beijing Key Laboratory on Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Institute, Beijing 101149, China
| | - Bowen Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking Universtiy Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhu Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking Universtiy Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhenjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking Universtiy Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Linfei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Vukman KV, Lalor R, Aldridge A, O'Neill SM. Mast cells: new therapeutic target in helminth immune modulation. Parasite Immunol 2016; 38:45-52. [PMID: 26577605 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Helminth infection and their secreted antigens have a protective role in many immune-mediated inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. However, studies have focused primarily on identifying immune protective mechanisms of helminth infection and their secreted molecules on dendritic cells and macrophages. Given that mast cells have been shown to be implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of many inflammatory disorders, their role should also be examined and considered as cellular target for helminth-based therapies. As there is a dearth of studies examining the interaction of helminth-derived antigens and mast cells, this review will focus on the role of mast cells during helminth infection and examine our current understanding of the involvement of mast cells in TH 1/TH 17-mediated immune disorders. In this context, potential mechanisms by which helminths could target the TH 1/TH 17 promoting properties of mast cells can be identified to unveil novel therapeutic mast cell driven targets in combating these inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Vukman
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvarad ter 4., H-1089, Budapest, Hungry.,Parasite Immune Modulation Group, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Lalor
- Parasite Immune Modulation Group, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Aldridge
- Parasite Immune Modulation Group, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S M O'Neill
- Parasite Immune Modulation Group, School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Health, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
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Abstract
Although it has been shown that auricular chondritis in rats is caused by the use of metal identification ear tags, the pathogenesis remains unclear. Based on the hypothesis that the auricular chondritis is caused by metal ions released from metal identification ear tags, we investigated the pathogenesis in male C57BL/6 mice tagged with metal identification ear tags. Twenty-six weeks after the attachment of the ear tags, visible increases in the thickness of the auricle were observed, and the concentrations of copper and iron in the tagged ears were significantly increased ( P <.05) in the tagged ears compared with the untagged ears. There was up-regulation of metallothionein (MT)-I and MT-II mRNA in the tagged ears, and this was confirmed by immunohistologic staining of the destroyed cartilage. Histopathologically, there were observed severe chondritis with extensive granulomatous inflammation, newly formed cartilage nodules, and osseous metaplasia accompanied by cellular infiltrates, such as CD4 T lymphocyte, macrophages, neutrophils, and mast cells, and expression of Th1 cytokines, such as interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-2 in the tagged ear. Based on these results, we concluded that the release of copper and iron ions from the metal ear tags played a major role in the onset of auricular chondritis. Subsequent cellular interactions, such as CD4 T cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, and mast cells, mediated by cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, caused an autoimmune response that may have led to the progression of auricular chondritis as an autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kitagaki
- Safety Research Laboratory, Quality Assurance Center, Shiseido Research Center, 2-12-1 Fukuura, Knazawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, 236-8643, Japan.
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46
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Characterisation of synovial fluid and infrapatellar fat pad derived mesenchymal stromal cells: The influence of tissue source and inflammatory stimulus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24295. [PMID: 27073003 PMCID: PMC4829842 DOI: 10.1038/srep24295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The infrapatellar fat pad (FP) and synovial fluid (SF) in the knee serve as reservoirs of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with potential therapeutic benefit. We determined the influence of the donor on the phenotype of donor matched FP and SF derived MSCs and examined their immunogenic and immunomodulatory properties before and after stimulation with the pro-inflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Both cell populations were positive for MSC markers CD73, CD90 and CD105, and displayed multipotency. FP-MSCs had a significantly faster proliferation rate than SF-MSCs. CD14 positivity was seen in both FP-MSCs and SF-MSCs, and was positively correlated to donor age but only for SF-MSCs. Neither cell population was positive for the co-stimulatory markers CD40, CD80 and CD86, but both demonstrated increased levels of human leukocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) following IFN-γ stimulation. HLA-DR production was positively correlated with donor age for FP-MSCs but not SF-MSCs. The immunomodulatory molecule, HLA-G, was constitutively produced by both cell populations, unlike indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase which was only produced following IFN-γ stimulation. FP and SF are accessible cell sources which could be utilised in the treatment of cartilage injuries, either by transplantation following ex-vivo expansion or endogenous targeting and mobilisation of cells close to the site of injury.
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Wang GZ, Cheng X, Zhou B, Wen ZS, Huang YC, Chen HB, Li GF, Huang ZL, Zhou YC, Feng L, Wei MM, Qu LW, Cao Y, Zhou GB. The chemokine CXCL13 in lung cancers associated with environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution. eLife 2015; 4:e09419. [PMID: 26565418 PMCID: PMC4764582 DOI: 10.7554/elife.09419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 90% of lung cancers are caused by cigarette smoke and air pollution, with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as key carcinogens. In Xuanwei City of Yunnan Province, the lung cancer incidence is among the highest in China, attributed to smoky coal combustion-generated PAH pollution. Here, we screened for abnormal inflammatory factors in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) from Xuanwei and control regions (CR) where smoky coal was not used, and found that a chemokine CXCL13 was overexpressed in 63/70 (90%) of Xuanwei NSCLCs and 44/71 (62%) of smoker and 27/60 (45%) of non-smoker CR patients. CXCL13 overexpression was associated with the region Xuanwei and cigarette smoke. The key carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) induced CXCL13 production in lung epithelial cells and in mice prior to development of detectable lung cancer. Deficiency in Cxcl13 or its receptor, Cxcr5, significantly attenuated BaP-induced lung cancer in mice, demonstrating CXCL13's critical role in PAH-induced lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Chao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hao-Bin Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Qu Jing City, Qu Jing, China
| | - Gao-Feng Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Liang Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Chun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Ming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Wei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Huang YF, Lo PC, Yen CL, Nigrovic PA, Chao WC, Wang WZ, Hsu GC, Tsai YS, Shieh CC. Redox Regulation of Pro-IL-1β Processing May Contribute to the Increased Severity of Serum-Induced Arthritis in NOX2-Deficient Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:973-84. [PMID: 25867281 PMCID: PMC4624247 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To elucidate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in arthritis and to identify targets of arthritis treatment in conditions with different levels of oxidant stress. RESULTS Through establishing an arthritis model by injecting arthritogenic serum into wild-type and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-deficient mice, we found that arthritis had a neutrophilic infiltrate and was more severe in Ncf1(-/-) mice, a mouse strain lacking the expression of the NCF1/p47(phox) component of NOX2. The levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in inflamed joints were higher in Ncf1(-/-) than in controls. Antagonists of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and IL-1β were equally effective in suppressing arthritis in wild-type mice, while IL-1β blockade was more effective than TNFα blockade in Ncf1(-/-) mice. A treatment of caspase inhibitor and the combination treatment of a caspase inhibitor and a cathepsin inhibitor, but not a cathepsin inhibitor alone, suppressed arthritic severity in the wild-type mice, while a treatment of cathepsin inhibitor and the combination treatment of a caspase inhibitor and a cathepsin inhibitor, but not a caspase inhibitor alone, were effective in treating Ncf1(-/-) mice. Consistently, cathepsin B was found to proteolytically process pro-IL-1β to its active form and this activity was suppressed by ROS. INNOVATION This novel mechanism of a redox-mediated immune regulation of arthritis through leukocyte-produced ROS is important for devising an optimal treatment for patients with different levels of tissue ROS. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that ROS act as a negative feedback to constrain IL-1β-mediated inflammation, accounting for the more severe arthritis in the absence of NOX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Fang Huang
- 1 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Lo
- 1 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Yen
- 2 Institute of Basic Medical Science, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Peter Andrija Nigrovic
- 3 Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts.,4 Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wen-Chen Chao
- 1 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine , Tainan, Taiwan .,5 Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veteran General Hospital , Chiayi Branch, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Zhi Wang
- 1 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - George Chengkang Hsu
- 1 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Sheng Tsai
- 1 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine , Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Shieh
- 1 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine , Tainan, Taiwan .,6 Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital , Tainan, Taiwan
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49
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Are mast cells implicated in asphyxia? Int J Legal Med 2015; 130:153-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-015-1211-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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50
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Schubert N, Dudeck J, Liu P, Karutz A, Speier S, Maurer M, Tuckermann J, Dudeck A. Mast cell promotion of T cell-driven antigen-induced arthritis despite being dispensable for antibody-induced arthritis in which T cells are bypassed. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:903-13. [PMID: 25510234 DOI: 10.1002/art.38996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The function of mast cells (MCs) in autoimmune disorders has been a subject of controversy recently. MC-deficient Kit(W/W-v) mice were found to be resistant to K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis, whereas Kit(W-sh/W-sh) mice and a genetic model of MC deficiency independent of the Kit mutation were found to be fully susceptible. This debate might lead to the assumption that MCs are dispensable in autoimmunity in general. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the relevance of MCs to arthritis using a genetic model of inducible MC deficiency without compromised Kit signaling. METHODS We compared MC functions in K/BxN serum-induced arthritis and in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in a mouse model of inducible MC deficiency by analyzing joint inflammation, parameters of cartilage degradation and bone erosion, and the autoreactive adaptive immune response. RESULTS We observed a redundant role of MCs in K/BxN serum-induced arthritis, where joint inflammation is triggered by cartilage-bound immune complexes independently of T cells. In contrast, we found MCs to be critically relevant in CIA, which is provoked by two arms of autoimmune attack: autoreactive antibodies and effector T cells. In addition to diminished joint inflammation in the absence of MCs, we found a dramatic loss of T cell expansion upon immunization, accompanied by reduced T cell cytokine responses. CONCLUSION In this analysis of an arthritis model in which the cellular arm of adaptive immunity was not bypassed, we identified MCs as important promoters of T cell-conditioned autoimmune disorders and, consequently, as potential therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis.
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