1
|
de Antonellis P, Ferrucci V, Miceli M, Bibbo F, Asadzadeh F, Gorini F, Mattivi A, Boccia A, Russo R, Andolfo I, Lasorsa VA, Cantalupo S, Fusco G, Viscardi M, Brandi S, Cerino P, Monaco V, Choi DR, Cheong JH, Iolascon A, Amente S, Monti M, Fava LL, Capasso M, Kim HY, Zollo M. Targeting ATP2B1 impairs PI3K/Akt/FOXO signaling and reduces SARS-COV-2 infection and replication. EMBO Rep 2024; 25:2974-3007. [PMID: 38816514 PMCID: PMC11239940 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00164-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
ATP2B1 is a known regulator of calcium (Ca2+) cellular export and homeostasis. Diminished levels of intracellular Ca2+ content have been suggested to impair SARS-CoV-2 replication. Here, we demonstrate that a nontoxic caloxin-derivative compound (PI-7) reduces intracellular Ca2+ levels and impairs SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, a rare homozygous intronic variant of ATP2B1 is shown to be associated with the severity of COVID-19. The mechanism of action during SARS-CoV-2 infection involves the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation, inactivation of FOXO3 transcription factor function, and subsequent transcriptional inhibition of the membrane and reticulum Ca2+ pumps ATP2B1 and ATP2A1, respectively. The pharmacological action of compound PI-7 on sustaining both ATP2B1 and ATP2A1 expression reduces the intracellular cytoplasmic Ca2+ pool and thus negatively influences SARS-CoV-2 replication and propagation. As compound PI-7 lacks toxicity in vitro, its prophylactic use as a therapeutic agent against COVID-19 is envisioned here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pasqualino de Antonellis
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
- Elysium Cell Bio Ita SRL, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Ferrucci
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
- Elysium Cell Bio Ita SRL, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Miceli
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
| | - Francesca Bibbo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Fatemeh Asadzadeh
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
- European School of Molecular Medicine, SEMM, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Gorini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Alessia Mattivi
- Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Cell Division, Department of Cellular Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Russo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Immacolata Andolfo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanna Fusco
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Maurizio Viscardi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Sergio Brandi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Cerino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Naples, 80055, Italy
| | - Vittoria Monaco
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - Dong-Rac Choi
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Elysiumbio Inc., #2007, Samsung Cheil B/D, 309, Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06151, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Cheong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Achille Iolascon
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Stefano Amente
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Maria Monti
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80125, Italy
| | - Luca L Fava
- Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Cell Division, Department of Cellular Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Mario Capasso
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy
| | - Hong-Yeoul Kim
- Elysiumbio Inc., #2007, Samsung Cheil B/D, 309, Teheran-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06151, Korea
| | - Massimo Zollo
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, 80145, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche (DMMBM), 'Federico II' University of Naples, Naples, 80131, Italy.
- Elysium Cell Bio Ita SRL, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145, Naples, Italy.
- European School of Molecular Medicine, SEMM, Naples, Italy.
- DAI Medicina di Laboratorio e Trasfusionale, 'Federico II' University of Naples, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kassis G, Palshikar MG, Hilchey SP, Zand MS, Thakar J. Discrete-state models identify pathway specific B cell states across diseases and infections at single-cell resolution. J Theor Biol 2024; 583:111769. [PMID: 38423206 PMCID: PMC11046450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2024.111769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) regulated pathways modulate B cell activation, migration and proliferation during infection, vaccination, and other diseases. Modeling these pathways in health and disease is critical to understand B cell states and ways to mediate them. To characterize B cells by their activation of O2 regulated pathways we develop pathway specific discrete state models using previously published single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets from isolated B cells. Specifically, Single Cell Boolean Omics Network Invariant-Time Analysis (scBONITA) was used to infer logic gates for known pathway topologies. The simplest inferred set of logic gates that maximized the number of "OR" interactions between genes was used to simulate B cell networks involved in oxygen sensing until they reached steady network states (attractors). By focusing on the attractors that best represented sequenced cells, we identified genes critical in determining pathway specific cellular states that corresponded to diseased and healthy B cell phenotypes. Specifically, we investigate the transendothelial migration, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, HIF1A, and Citrate Cycle pathways. Our analysis revealed attractors that resembled the state of B cell exhaustion in HIV+ patients as well as attractors that promoted anerobic metabolism, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis in breast cancer patients, which were eliminated after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Finally, we investigated the attractors to which the Azimuth-annotated B cells mapped and found that attractors resembling B cells from HIV+ patients encompassed a significantly larger number of atypical memory B cells than HIV- attractors. Meanwhile, attractors resembling B cells from breast cancer patients post NACT encompassed a reduced number of atypical memory B cells compared to pre-NACT attractors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Kassis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, USA
| | - Mukta G Palshikar
- Biophysics, Structural, and Computational Biology Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, USA
| | - Shannon P Hilchey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Martin S Zand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Juilee Thakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, USA; Biophysics, Structural, and Computational Biology Program, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, USA; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singla A, Harun N, Dilling DF, Merchant K, McMahan S, Ingledue R, French A, Corral JA, Korbee L, Kopras EJ, Gupta N. Safety and efficacy of sirolimus in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Respir Investig 2024; 62:216-222. [PMID: 38211546 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2023.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a critical need to develop novel therapies for COVID-19. METHODS We conducted a phase 2, multicentre, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised trial; hospitalised patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 and at least one poor prognostic biomarker, were given sirolimus (6 mg on Day 1 followed by 2 mg daily for 14 days or hospital discharge, whichever happens first) or placebo, in a 2:1 randomization scheme favouring sirolimus. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients alive and free from advanced respiratory support measures at Day 28. RESULTS Between April 2020 and April 2021, 32 patients underwent randomization and 28 received either sirolimus (n = 18) or placebo (n = 10). Mean age was 57 years and 75 % of the subjects were men. Twenty-two subjects had at least one co-existing condition (Diabetes, hypertension, obesity, CHF, or asthma/COPD) associated with worse prognosis. Mean FiO2 requirement was 0.35. There was no difference in the proportion of patients who were alive and free from advanced respiratory support measures in the sirolimus group (n = 15, 83 %) compared with the placebo group (n = 8, 80 %). Although patients in the sirolimus group demonstrated faster improvement in oxygenation and spent less time in the hospital, these differences were not statistically significant. There was no between-group difference in the rate of change in serum biomarkers such as LDH, ferritin, d-dimer or lymphocyte count. There was a decreased risk of thromboembolic complications in patients on sirolimus compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Larger studies are warranted to evaluate the role sirolimus in COVID-19 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Singla
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0564, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Nusrat Harun
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Centre, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Daniel F Dilling
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Loyola University Medical Centre, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Karim Merchant
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Keck Hospital of University of Southern California, IRD Building 7th Floor, 2020 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Susan McMahan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0564, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Rebecca Ingledue
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0564, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Alexandria French
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0564, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Josefina A Corral
- Clinical Research Office, Loyola University Chicago, 2160 S. First Avenue, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA
| | - Leslie Korbee
- Academic Regulatory & Monitoring Services LLC, 7806 Gapstow Bridge, Cincinnati, OH, 45231, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Kopras
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0564, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Nishant Gupta
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML0564, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xiao C, Liu J, Cheng Y, Wu Y, Li Q, Chen X, Yuan J, Dong Q, Li L, Liu Y, Shen F. RUNX1 targeting AKT3 promotes alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition in LPS induced ARDS. Respir Res 2024; 25:54. [PMID: 38267920 PMCID: PMC10809548 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition are mainly responsible for massive alveolar fibrin deposition, which are closely related with refractory hypoxemia in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our previous study testified runt-related transcription factor (RUNX1) participated in the regulation of this pathophysiology in this syndrome, but the mechanism is unknown. We speculate that screening the downstream genes associated with RUNX1 will presumably help uncover the mechanism of RUNX1. METHODS Genes associated with RUNX1 were screened by CHIP-seq, among which the target gene was verified by Dual Luciferase experiment. Then the efficacy of the target gene on alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition in LPS-induced ARDS was explored in vivo as well as in vitro. Finally, whether the regulatory effects of RUNX1 on alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic in ARDS would be related with the screened target gene was also sufficiently explored. RESULTS Among these screened genes, AKT3 was verified to be the direct target gene of RUNX1. Results showed that AKT3 was highly expressed either in lung tissues of LPS-induced rat ARDS or in LPS-treated alveolar epithelia cell type II (AECII). Tissue factor (TF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) were increasingly expressed both in lung tissues of ARDS and in LPS-induced AECII, which were all significantly attenuated by down-regulation of AKT3. Inhibition of AKT3 gene obviously ameliorated the LPS-induced lung injury as well as the collagen I expression in ARDS. RUNX1 overexpression not only promoted the expressions of TF, PAI-1, but also boosted AKT3 expression in vitro. More importantly, the efficacy of RUNX1 on TF, PAI-1 were all effectively reversed by down-regulation of AKT3 gene. CONCLUSION AKT3 is an important target gene of RUNX1, through which RUNX1 exerted its regulatory role on alveolar hypercoagulation and fibrinolytic inhibition in LPS-induced ARDS. RUNX1/ATK3 signaling axis is expected to be a new target for the exploration of ARDS genesis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Xiao
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaoyangzi Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yumei Cheng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yingxia Wu
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xianjun Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia Yuan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tosta BR, de Almeida IM, da Cruz Pena L, Dos Santos Silva H, Reis-Goes FS, Silva NN, Cruz JVA, Dos Anjos Silva M, de Araújo JF, Rodrigues JL, Oliveira G, Figueiredo RG, Vaz SN, Montaño-Castellón I, Santana D, de Lima Beltrão FE, Carneiro VL, Campos GS, Brites C, Fortuna V, Figueiredo CA, Trindade SC, Ramos HE, Costa RDS. MTOR gene variants are associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes: A multicenter study. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111155. [PMID: 37951192 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The worst outcomes linked to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have been attributed to the cytokine storm, which contributes significantly to the immunopathogenesis of the disease. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is essential for orchestrating innate immune cell defense including cytokine production and is dysregulated in severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) individuals. The individual genetic background might play a role in the exacerbated immune response. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between MTOR genetic variants and COVID-19 outcomes. METHODS This study enrolled groups of individuals with severe (n = 285) and mild (n = 207) COVID-19 from Brazilian states. The MTOR variants, rs1057079 and rs2536, were genotyped. A logistic regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were performed. We applied a genotyping risk score to estimate the cumulative contribution of the risk alleles. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma levels were also measured. RESULTS The T allele of the MTOR rs1057079 variant was associated with a higher likelihood of developing the most severe form of COVID-19. In addition, higher levels of IL-6 and COVID-19 death was linked to the T allele of the rs2536 variant. These variants exhibited a cumulative risk when inherited collectively. CONCLUSIONS These results show a potential pathogenetic role of MTOR gene variants and may be useful for predicting severe outcomes following COVID-19 infection, resulting in a more effective allocation of health resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ramos Tosta
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Marins de Almeida
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Laiane da Cruz Pena
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Hatilla Dos Santos Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabiane S Reis-Goes
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Nívia N Silva
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - João Victor Andrade Cruz
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mailane Dos Anjos Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Francisco de Araújo
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lopes Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sara Nunes Vaz
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Iris Montaño-Castellón
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Daniele Santana
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gubio Soares Campos
- Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Brites
- Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Vitor Fortuna
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Camila Alexandrina Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
| | - Soraya Castro Trindade
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Helton Estrela Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistema, Instituto de Saúde e Ciência, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ryan Dos Santos Costa
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hamad RS, Al-Kuraishy HM, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Ahmed EA, Saad HM, Batiha GES. SARS-CoV-2 infection and dysregulation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:657-673. [PMID: 37796433 PMCID: PMC10746631 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-023-01379-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recent pandemic caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) leading to pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations due to the development of oxidative stress (OS) and hyperinflammation. The underlying cause for OS and hyperinflammation in COVID-19 may be related to the inhibition of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of antioxidative responses and cellular homeostasis. The Nrf2 pathway inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the development of cytokine storm and OS in COVID-19. Nrf2 activators can attenuate endothelial dysfunction (ED), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) dysregulation, immune thrombosis, and coagulopathy. Hence, this review aimed to reveal the potential role of the Nrf2 pathway and its activators in the management of COVID-19. As well, we tried to revise the mechanistic role of the Nrf2 pathway in COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabab S Hamad
- Biological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, 31982, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Central Laboratory, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, 12411, Egypt
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, Medical Faculty, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
- AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, University of Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Eman A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matruh, 51744, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Geyer CE, Chen HJ, Bye AP, Manz XD, Guerra D, Caniels TG, Bijl TP, Griffith GR, Hoepel W, de Taeye SW, Veth J, Vlaar AP, Vidarsson G, Bogaard HJ, Aman J, Gibbins JM, van Gils MJ, de Winther MP, den Dunnen J. Identification of new drugs to counteract anti-spike IgG-induced hyperinflammation in severe COVID-19. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302106. [PMID: 37699657 PMCID: PMC10497933 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we and others have shown that SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG antibodies play a major role in disease severity in COVID-19 by triggering macrophage hyperactivation, disrupting endothelial barrier integrity, and inducing thrombus formation. This hyperinflammation is dependent on high levels of anti-spike IgG with aberrant Fc tail glycosylation, leading to Fcγ receptor hyperactivation. For development of immune-regulatory therapeutics, drug specificity is crucial to counteract excessive inflammation whereas simultaneously minimizing the inhibition of antiviral immunity. We here developed an in vitro activation assay to screen for small molecule drugs that specifically counteract antibody-induced pathology. We identified that anti-spike-induced inflammation is specifically blocked by small molecule inhibitors against SYK and PI3K. We identified SYK inhibitor entospletinib as the most promising candidate drug, which also counteracted anti-spike-induced endothelial dysfunction and thrombus formation. Moreover, entospletinib blocked inflammation by different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Combined, these data identify entospletinib as a promising treatment for severe COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara E Geyer
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hung-Jen Chen
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander P Bye
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University, London, UK
- School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Xue D Manz
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Denise Guerra
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom G Caniels
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom Pl Bijl
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Guillermo R Griffith
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Willianne Hoepel
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steven W de Taeye
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Veth
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexander Pj Vlaar
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Experimental Immunohematology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Harm Jan Bogaard
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jurjan Aman
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, and School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Marit J van Gils
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Menno Pj de Winther
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis & Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen den Dunnen
- https://ror.org/05grdyy37 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fritch EJ, Mordant AL, Gilbert TSK, Wells CI, Yang X, Barker NK, Madden EA, Dinnon KH, Hou YJ, Tse LV, Castillo IN, Sims AC, Moorman NJ, Lakshmanane P, Willson TM, Herring LE, Graves LM, Baric RS. Investigation of the Host Kinome Response to Coronavirus Infection Reveals PI3K/mTOR Inhibitors as Betacoronavirus Antivirals. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3159-3177. [PMID: 37634194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Host kinases play essential roles in the host cell cycle, innate immune signaling, the stress response to viral infection, and inflammation. Previous work has demonstrated that coronaviruses specifically target kinase cascades to subvert host cell responses to infection and rely upon host kinase activity to phosphorylate viral proteins to enhance replication. Given the number of kinase inhibitors that are already FDA approved to treat cancers, fibrosis, and other human disease, they represent an attractive class of compounds to repurpose for host-targeted therapies against emerging coronavirus infections. To further understand the host kinome response to betacoronavirus infection, we employed multiplex inhibitory bead mass spectrometry (MIB-MS) following MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection of human lung epithelial cell lines. Our MIB-MS analyses revealed activation of mTOR and MAPK signaling following MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. SARS-CoV-2 host kinome responses were further characterized using paired phosphoproteomics, which identified activation of MAPK, PI3K, and mTOR signaling. Through chemogenomic screening, we found that clinically relevant PI3K/mTOR inhibitors were able to inhibit coronavirus replication at nanomolar concentrations similar to direct-acting antivirals. This study lays the groundwork for identifying broad-acting, host-targeted therapies to reduce betacoronavirus replication that can be rapidly repurposed during future outbreaks and epidemics. The proteomics, phosphoproteomics, and MIB-MS datasets generated in this study are available in the Proteomics Identification Database (PRIDE) repository under project identifiers PXD040897 and PXD040901.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan J Fritch
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, United States
| | - Angie L Mordant
- UNC Michael Hooker Proteomics Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas S K Gilbert
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Carrow I Wells
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7264, United States
| | - Xuan Yang
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7264, United States
| | - Natalie K Barker
- UNC Michael Hooker Proteomics Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Emily A Madden
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, United States
| | - Kenneth H Dinnon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, United States
| | - Yixuan J Hou
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, United States
| | - Longping V Tse
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, United States
| | - Izabella N Castillo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, United States
| | - Amy C Sims
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, United States
| | - Nathaniel J Moorman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Premkumar Lakshmanane
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, United States
| | - Timothy M Willson
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7264, United States
| | - Laura E Herring
- UNC Michael Hooker Proteomics Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
| | - Lee M Graves
- UNC Michael Hooker Proteomics Core, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7365, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Ralph S Baric
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7290, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, United States
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Norouzi A, Liaghat M, Bakhtiyari M, Noorbakhsh Varnosfaderani SM, Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Molania T. The potential role of COVID-19 in progression, chemo-resistance, and tumor recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Oral Oncol 2023; 144:106483. [PMID: 37421672 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2023.106483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have revealed that cancer patients are more likely to develop severe Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which can cause mortality, as well as cancer progression and treatment failure. Among these patients who may be particularly vulnerable to severe COVID-19 and COVID-19-associated cancer progression are those with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In this regard, therapeutic approaches must be developed to lower the risk of cancer development, chemo-resistance, tumor recurrence, and death in OSCC patients with COVID-19. It may be helpful to comprehend the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contributes to these problems. In this line, in this review, we described the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms that SARS-CoV-2 can exert its role and based on them pharmacological targeted therapies were suggested. However, in this study, we encourage more investigations in the future to uncover other cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of SARS-CoV-2 to develop beneficial therapeutic strategies for such patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Norouzi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahsa Liaghat
- Department of Medical Laboratory sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bakhtiyari
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of biological sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tahereh Molania
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schultz B, DeLong LN, Masny A, Lentzen M, Raschka T, van Dijk D, Zaliani A, Fröhlich H. A machine learning method for the identification and characterization of novel COVID-19 drug targets. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7159. [PMID: 37137934 PMCID: PMC10156718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34287-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to vaccines, the World Health Organization sees novel medications as an urgent matter to fight the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. One possible strategy is to identify target proteins, for which a perturbation by an existing compound is likely to benefit COVID-19 patients. In order to contribute to this effort, we present GuiltyTargets-COVID-19 ( https://guiltytargets-covid.eu/ ), a machine learning supported web tool to identify novel candidate drug targets. Using six bulk and three single cell RNA-Seq datasets, together with a lung tissue specific protein-protein interaction network, we demonstrate that GuiltyTargets-COVID-19 is capable of (i) prioritizing meaningful target candidates and assessing their druggability, (ii) unraveling their linkage to known disease mechanisms, (iii) mapping ligands from the ChEMBL database to the identified targets, and (iv) pointing out potential side effects in the case that the mapped ligands correspond to approved drugs. Our example analyses identified 4 potential drug targets from the datasets: AKT3 from both the bulk and single cell RNA-Seq data as well as AKT2, MLKL, and MAPK11 in the single cell experiments. Altogether, we believe that our web tool will facilitate future target identification and drug development for COVID-19, notably in a cell type and tissue specific manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Schultz
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), 53757, Sankt, Augustin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Center for Machine Learning, Sankt, Germany
| | - Lauren Nicole DeLong
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), 53757, Sankt, Augustin, Germany
- Artificial Intelligence and its Applications Institute, University of Edinburgh School of Informatics, 10 Crichton St, Edinburgh, EH8 9AB, UK
| | - Aliaksandr Masny
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), 53757, Sankt, Augustin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Center for Machine Learning, Sankt, Germany
| | - Manuel Lentzen
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), 53757, Sankt, Augustin, Germany
- University of Bonn, Bonn-Aachen Center for IT (b-it), Friedrich Hirzebruch-Allee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tamara Raschka
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), 53757, Sankt, Augustin, Germany
- University of Bonn, Bonn-Aachen Center for IT (b-it), Friedrich Hirzebruch-Allee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
- Fraunhofer Center for Machine Learning, Sankt, Germany
| | - David van Dijk
- Center for Biomedical Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Andrea Zaliani
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacologie (ITMP), Drug Discovery Research ScreeningPort, VolksparkLabs, Schnackenburgallee 114, 22535, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Fröhlich
- Department of Bioinformatics, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI), 53757, Sankt, Augustin, Germany.
- University of Bonn, Bonn-Aachen Center for IT (b-it), Friedrich Hirzebruch-Allee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
PI3K-Akt pathway-independent PIK3AP1 identified as a replication inhibitor of the African swine fever virus based on iTRAQ proteomic analysis. Virus Res 2023; 327:199052. [PMID: 36775023 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is a severe infectious disease that has a high global prevalence. The fatality rate of pigs infected with ASF virus (ASFV) is close to 100%; in the absence of a safe and reliable commercial vaccine, this poses a threat to the global pig industry and public health. To better understand the interaction of ASFV with its host, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation combined with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to conduct quantitative proteomic analysis of bone marrow-derived macrophage cells infected with ASFV. Overall, 4579 proteins were identified; 286 of these were significantly upregulated and 69 were significantly downregulated after ASFV infection. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and protein-protein interaction network analyses were used to obtain insights into the dynamics and complexity of the ASFV-host interaction. In addition, immunoblotting revealed that the expression of PIK3AP1, RNF114, and FABP5 was upregulated and that of TRAM1 was downregulated after ASFV infection. Overexpression of PIK3AP1 and RNF114 significantly inhibited ASFV replication in vitro, but the suppressive effect of PIK3AP1 on ASFV replication was independent of the PI3K-Akt pathway. Further studies confirmed that ASFV MGF360-9L interacts with PIK3AP1 to reduce its protein expression level. Moreover, LY294002, an inhibitor of the PI3K-Akt pathway, inhibited ASFV replication, indicating the importance of the PI3K-Akt pathway in ASFV infection. This study identified the network of interactions between ASFV and host cells and provides a reference for the development of anti-ASFV strategies and for studying the potential mechanisms and pathogenesis of ASFV infection.
Collapse
|
12
|
Redenšek Trampuž S, Vogrinc D, Goričar K, Dolžan V. Shared miRNA landscapes of COVID-19 and neurodegeneration confirm neuroinflammation as an important overlapping feature. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1123955. [PMID: 37008787 PMCID: PMC10064073 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1123955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionDevelopment and worsening of most common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, have been associated with COVID-19 However, the mechanisms associated with neurological symptoms in COVID-19 patients and neurodegenerative sequelae are not clear. The interplay between gene expression and metabolite production in CNS is driven by miRNAs. These small non-coding molecules are dysregulated in most common neurodegenerative diseases and COVID-19.MethodsWe have performed a thorough literature screening and database mining to search for shared miRNA landscapes of SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurodegeneration. Differentially expressed miRNAs in COVID-19 patients were searched using PubMed, while differentially expressed miRNAs in patients with five most common neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis) were searched using the Human microRNA Disease Database. Target genes of the overlapping miRNAs, identified with the miRTarBase, were used for the pathway enrichment analysis performed with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Reactome.ResultsIn total, 98 common miRNAs were found. Additionally, two of them (hsa-miR-34a and hsa-miR-132) were highlighted as promising biomarkers of neurodegeneration, as they are dysregulated in all five most common neurodegenerative diseases and COVID-19. Additionally, hsa-miR-155 was upregulated in four COVID-19 studies and found to be dysregulated in neurodegeneration processes as well. Screening for miRNA targets identified 746 unique genes with strong evidence for interaction. Target enrichment analysis highlighted most significant KEGG and Reactome pathways being involved in signaling, cancer, transcription and infection. However, the more specific identified pathways confirmed neuroinflammation as being the most important shared feature.DiscussionOur pathway based approach has identified overlapping miRNAs in COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases that may have a valuable potential for neurodegeneration prediction in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, identified miRNAs can be further explored as potential drug targets or agents to modify signaling in shared pathways.Graphical AbstractShared miRNA molecules among the five investigated neurodegenerative diseases and COVID-19 were identified. The two overlapping miRNAs, hsa-miR-34a and has-miR-132, present potential biomarkers of neurodegenerative sequelae after COVID-19. Furthermore, 98 common miRNAs between all five neurodegenerative diseases together and COVID-19 were identified. A KEGG and Reactome pathway enrichment analyses was performed on the list of shared miRNA target genes and finally top 20 pathways were evaluated for their potential for identification of new drug targets. A common feature of identified overlapping miRNAs and pathways is neuroinflammation. AD, Alzheimer’s disease; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; HD, Huntington’s disease; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; MS, multiple sclerosis; PD, Parkinson’s disease.
Collapse
|
13
|
Diallo I, Jacob RA, Vion E, Kozak RA, Mossman K, Provost P. Altered microRNA Transcriptome in Cultured Human Airway Cells upon Infection with SARS-CoV-2. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020496. [PMID: 36851710 PMCID: PMC9962802 DOI: 10.3390/v15020496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous proteomic and transcriptomic studies have been carried out to better understand the current multi-variant SARS-CoV-2 virus mechanisms of action and effects. However, they are mostly centered on mRNAs and proteins. The effect of the virus on human post-transcriptional regulatory agents such as microRNAs (miRNAs), which are involved in the regulation of 60% of human gene activity, remains poorly explored. Similar to research we have previously undertaken with other viruses such as Ebola and HIV, in this study we investigated the miRNA profile of lung epithelial cells following infection with SARS-CoV-2. At the 24 and 72 h post-infection time points, SARS-CoV-2 did not drastically alter the miRNome. About 90% of the miRNAs remained non-differentially expressed. The results revealed that miR-1246, miR-1290 and miR-4728-5p were the most upregulated over time. miR-196b-5p and miR-196a-5p were the most downregulated at 24 h, whereas at 72 h, miR-3924, miR-30e-5p and miR-145-3p showed the highest level of downregulation. In the top significantly enriched KEGG pathways of genes targeted by differentially expressed miRNAs we found, among others, MAPK, RAS, P13K-Akt and renin secretion signaling pathways. Using RT-qPCR, we also showed that SARS-CoV-2 may regulate several predicted host mRNA targets involved in the entry of the virus into host cells (ACE2, TMPRSS2, ADAM17, FURIN), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (Renin, Angiotensinogen, ACE), innate immune response (IL-6, IFN1β, CXCL10, SOCS4) and fundamental cellular processes (AKT, NOTCH, WNT). Finally, we demonstrated by dual-luciferase assay a direct interaction between miR-1246 and ACE-2 mRNA. This study highlights the modulatory role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idrissa Diallo
- CHU de Québec Research Center/CHUL Pavilion, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rajesh Abraham Jacob
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Elodie Vion
- CHU de Québec Research Center/CHUL Pavilion, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Robert A. Kozak
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine & Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Karen Mossman
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Patrick Provost
- CHU de Québec Research Center/CHUL Pavilion, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-418-525-4444 (ext. 48842)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nabi-Afjadi M, Mohebi F, Zalpoor H, Aziziyan F, Akbari A, Moradi-Sardareh H, Bahreini E, Moeini AM, Effatpanah H. A cellular and molecular biology-based update for ivermectin against COVID-19: is it effective or non-effective? Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:21-35. [PMID: 36609716 PMCID: PMC9823263 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite community vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and reduced mortality, there are still challenges in treatment options for the disease. Due to the continuous mutation of SARS-CoV-2 virus and the emergence of new strains, diversity in the use of existing antiviral drugs to combat the epidemic has become a crucial therapeutic chance. As a broad-spectrum antiparasitic and antiviral drug, ivermectin has traditionally been used to treat many types of disease, including DNA and RNA viral infections. Even so, based on currently available data, it is still controversial that ivermectin can be used as one of the effective antiviral agents to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or not. The aim of this study was to provide comprehensive information on ivermectin, including its safety and efficacy, as well as its adverse effects in the treatment of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohebi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozghan Health Institute, Hormozghan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdullatif Akbari
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Elham Bahreini
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mansour Moeini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ali FEM, Abd El-Aziz MK, Ali MM, Ghogar OM, Bakr AG. COVID-19 and hepatic injury: cellular and molecular mechanisms in diverse liver cells. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:425-449. [PMID: 36688024 PMCID: PMC9850933 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i3.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents a global health and economic challenge. Hepatic injuries have been approved to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The viral tropism pattern of SARS-CoV-2 can induce hepatic injuries either by itself or by worsening the conditions of patients with hepatic diseases. Besides, other factors have been reported to play a crucial role in the pathological forms of hepatic injuries induced by SARS-CoV-2, including cytokine storm, hypoxia, endothelial cells, and even some treatments for COVID-19. On the other hand, several groups of people could be at risk of hepatic COVID-19 complications, such as pregnant women and neonates. The present review outlines and discusses the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and hepatic injury, hepatic illness comorbidity, and risk factors. Besides, it is focused on the vaccination process and the role of developed vaccines in preventing hepatic injuries due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Osama M Ghogar
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Assiut, Egypt
| | - Adel G Bakr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Of particular interest for this topic are the signaling cascades that regulate cell survival and death, two opposite cell programs whose control is hijacked by viral infections. The AKT and the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) pathways, which maintain cell homeostasis by regulating these two programs, have been shown to be deregulated during SARS-CoVs infection as well as in the development of cancer, one of the most important comorbidities in relation to COVID-19. Recent evidence revealed two way crosstalk mechanisms between the AKT and the UPR pathways, suggesting that they might constitute a unified homeostatic control system. Here, we review the role of the AKT and UPR pathways and their interaction in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as in tumor onset and progression. Feedback regulation between AKT and UPR pathways emerges as a master control mechanism of cell decision making in terms of survival or death and therefore represents a key potential target for developing treatments for both viral infection and cancer. In particular, drug repositioning, the investigation of existing drugs for new therapeutic purposes, could significantly reduce time and costs compared to de novo drug discovery.
Collapse
|
17
|
Khezri MR, Nazari-Khanamiri F, Mohammadi T, Moloodsouri D, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Potential effects of icariin, the Epimedium-derived bioactive compound in the treatment of COVID-19: a hypothesis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1019-1027. [PMID: 35657423 PMCID: PMC9163523 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected the world's health systems for more than two years. This disease causes a high mortality rate followed by cytokine storm-induced oxidative stress and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, many drugs have been considered with emphasis on their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in controlling the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Icariin is a major bioactive pharmaceutical compound derived from Epimedium plants, which is known due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Additionally, the protective effects of icariin have been studied in different pathologies through modulating intracellular pathways. In addition to the potential effect of this compound on inflammation and oxidative stress caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, it appears to interfere with intracellular pathways involved in viral entry into the cell. Therefore, this paper aims to review the molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of icariin, and hypothesizes its potential to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells through modulating the intracellular pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Nazari-Khanamiri
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Tooba Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Donya Moloodsouri
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
- Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hesperetin as an anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent can inhibit COVID-19-associated cancer progression by suppressing intracellular signaling pathways. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1533-1539. [PMID: 35994216 PMCID: PMC9393098 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hesperetin, an aglycone metabolite of hesperidin with high bioavailability, recently gained attention due to its anti-COVID-19 and anti-cancer properties. Multiple studies revealed that cancer patients are prone to experience a severe form of COVID-19 and higher mortality risk. In addition, studies suggested that COVID-19 can potentially lead to cancer progression through multiple mechanisms. This study proposes that hesperetin not only can be used as an anti-COVID-19 agent but also can reduce the risk of multiple cancer progression by suppressing several intracellular signaling pathways in cancer patients with COVID-19. Therefore, in this review, we attempted to provide evidence demonstrating anti-COVID-19/cancer properties of hesperetin with several mechanisms.
Collapse
|
19
|
Moatar AI, Chis AR, Marian C, Sirbu IO. Gene Network Analysis of the Transcriptome Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Interacting MicroRNAs in COVID-19 Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169239. [PMID: 36012503 PMCID: PMC9409149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), as of June 2022, over 536 million confirmed COVID-19 disease cases and over 6.3 million deaths had been globally reported. COVID-19 is a multiorgan disease involving multiple intricated pathological mechanisms translated into clinical, biochemical, and molecular changes, including microRNAs. MicroRNAs are essential post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, being involved in the modulation of most biological processes. In this study, we characterized the biological impact of SARS-CoV-2 interacting microRNAs differentially expressed in COVID-19 disease by analyzing their impact on five distinct tissue transcriptomes. To this end, we identified the microRNAs’ predicted targets within the list of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in tissues affected by high loads of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Next, we submitted the tissue-specific lists of the predicted microRNA-targeted DEGs to gene network functional enrichment analysis. Our data show that the upregulated microRNAs control processes such as mitochondrial respiration and cytokine and cell surface receptor signaling pathways in the heart, lymph node, and kidneys. In contrast, downregulated microRNAs are primarily involved in processes related to the mitotic cell cycle in the heart, lung, and kidneys. Our study provides the first exploratory, systematic look into the biological impact of the microRNAs associated with COVID-19, providing a new perspective for understanding its multiorgan physiopathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ioana Moatar
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Discipline of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Complex Network Science, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Aimee Rodica Chis
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Discipline of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Complex Network Science, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Catalin Marian
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Discipline of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Complex Network Science, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioan-Ovidiu Sirbu
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Discipline of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Complex Network Science, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, E. Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-756-136-272
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang J, Tang Z, Guo X, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Cai W. Synergistic effects of nab-PTX and anti-PD-1 antibody combination against lung cancer by regulating the Pi3K/AKT pathway through the Serpinc1 gene. Front Oncol 2022; 12:933646. [PMID: 35992834 PMCID: PMC9381811 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.933646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a type of cancer with higher morbidity and mortality. In spite of the impressive response rates of nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX) or programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand inhibitors, the effective treatment remains limited. Currently, alternative strategies aim at drug combination of nab-PTX and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Even as the clinical impact of the combined agents continues to increase, basic research studies are still limited and the mechanisms underlying this synergy are not well studied. In this study, we evaluated the antitumor efficacy and the molecular mechanisms of action of nab-PTX in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody, using Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell and subcutaneously transplanted tumor models. The combination of nab-PTX and anti-PD-1 antibody displayed stronger antitumor effects, manifested at tumor volume, proliferation and apoptosis through Ki67 and TUNEL staining. In-vivo experiments showed significant increases in CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, PF, and Gzms-B, exerting antitumor effects with reductions in MDSCs and IL-10 after the treatments. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis indicated 20 overlapped differentially expressed genes, and Serpin peptidase inhibitor clade C Member 1 (Serpinc1) was downregulated during treatment in vivo, whose expression level was markedly related to metastasis and overall survival of lung cancer patients. Functional enrichment analysis of the target gene revealed primary GO terms related to tumor, which warrants further investigation. We also found that Serpinc1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited cell apoptosis of LLC cells in vitro, possibly regulating the associated factors via the Pi3K/AKT pathway. In summary, our results reveal the synergistic antitumor responses of nab-PTX combined with anti-PD-1 antibody, in which Serpinc1 may play an important role, providing a target gene for combination treatment strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijia Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zamani Rarani F, Zamani Rarani M, Hamblin MR, Rashidi B, Hashemian SMR, Mirzaei H. Comprehensive overview of COVID-19-related respiratory failure: focus on cellular interactions. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:63. [PMID: 35907817 PMCID: PMC9338538 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pandemic outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has created health challenges in all parts of the world. Understanding the entry mechanism of this virus into host cells is essential for effective treatment of COVID-19 disease. This virus can bind to various cell surface molecules or receptors, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), to gain cell entry. Respiratory failure and pulmonary edema are the most important causes of mortality from COVID-19 infections. Cytokines, especially proinflammatory cytokines, are the main mediators of these complications. For normal respiratory function, a healthy air-blood barrier and sufficient blood flow to the lungs are required. In this review, we first discuss airway epithelial cells, airway stem cells, and the expression of COVID-19 receptors in the airway epithelium. Then, we discuss the suggested molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and blood vessel damage in COVID-19. Coagulopathy can be caused by platelet activation leading to clots, which restrict blood flow to the lungs and lead to respiratory failure. Finally, we present an overview of the effects of immune and non-immune cells and cytokines in COVID-19-related respiratory failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Zamani Rarani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zamani Rarani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028 South Africa
| | - Bahman Rashidi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Reza Hashemian
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jafari A, Esmaeilzadeh Z, Khezri MR, Ghasemnejad-Berenji H, Pashapour S, Sadeghpour S, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. An overview of possible pivotal mechanisms of Genistein as a potential phytochemical against SARS-CoV-2 infection: A hypothesis. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14345. [PMID: 35866873 PMCID: PMC9350103 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has been caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). It is a global problem that humanity has not yet found a definitive solution for it. In this regard, a global effort has been done to find effective or potential adjuvant therapies in order to fight this infection. Genistein is a small, biologically active phytoestrogen flavonoid that is found in high amounts in soy and plants of the Fabaceae family. This important compound is known due to its anti‐cancer, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Additionally, protective effects of genistein have been reported in different pathological conditions through modulating intracellular pathways such as PI3K, Akt, mTOR, NF‐κB, PPARγ, AMPK, and Nrf2. Scientific evidence suggests that genistein could have a potential role to treat COVID‐19 through its anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidant effects. Furthermore, it appears to interfere with intracellular pathways involved in viral entry into the cell. This review provides a basis for further research and development of clinical applications of genistein as a potential alternative therapy to decrease inflammation and oxidative stress in COVID‐19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zeinab Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | | | - Sarvin Pashapour
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sonia Sadeghpour
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Jiang Y, Yan Q, Liu CX, Peng CW, Zheng WJ, Zhuang HF, Huang HT, Liu Q, Liao HL, Zhan SF, Liu XH, Huang XF. Insights into potential mechanisms of asthma patients with COVID-19: A study based on the gene expression profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Comput Biol Med 2022; 146:105601. [PMID: 35751199 PMCID: PMC9117163 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently a major challenge threatening the global healthcare system. Respiratory virus infection is the most common cause of asthma attacks, and thus COVID-19 may contribute to an increase in asthma exacerbations. However, the mechanisms of COVID-19/asthma comorbidity remain unclear. Methods The “Limma” package or “DESeq2” package was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Alveolar lavage fluid datasets of COVID-19 and asthma were obtained from the GEO and GSV database. A series of analyses of common host factors for COVID-19 and asthma were conducted, including PPI network construction, module analysis, enrichment analysis, inference of the upstream pathway activity of host factors, tissue-specific analysis and drug candidate prediction. Finally, the key host factors were verified in the GSE152418 and GSE164805 datasets. Results 192 overlapping host factors were obtained by analyzing the intersection of asthma and COVID-19. FN1, UBA52, EEF1A1, ITGB1, XPO1, NPM1, EGR1, EIF4E, SRSF1, CCR5, PXN, IRF8 and DDX5 as host factors were tightly connected in the PPI network. Module analysis identified five modules with different biological functions and pathways. According to the degree values ranking in the PPI network, EEF1A1, EGR1, UBA52, DDX5 and IRF8 were considered as the key cohost factors for COVID-19 and asthma. The H2O2, VEGF, IL-1 and Wnt signaling pathways had the strongest activities in the upstream pathways. Tissue-specific enrichment analysis revealed the different expression levels of the five critical host factors. LY294002, wortmannin, PD98059 and heparin might have great potential to evolve into therapeutic drugs for COVID-19 and asthma comorbidity. Finally, the validation dataset confirmed that the expression of five key host factors were statistically significant among COVID-19 groups with different severity and healthy control subjects. Conclusions This study constructed a network of common host factors between asthma and COVID-19 and predicted several drugs with therapeutic potential. Therefore, this study is likely to provide a reference for the management and treatment for COVID-19/asthma comorbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jiang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China.
| | - Qian Yan
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Cheng-Xin Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Chen-Wen Peng
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Wen-Jiang Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Hong-Fa Zhuang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Hui-Ting Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Qiong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Hui-Li Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Shao-Feng Zhan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Xiu-Fang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang S, Tong Y, Chen L, Yu W. Human Identical Sequences, hyaluronan, and hymecromone ─ the new mechanism and management of COVID-19. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:15. [PMID: 35593963 PMCID: PMC9120813 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-022-00077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has created formidable damage to public health and market economy. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 variants has exacerbated the transmission from person-to-person. Even after a great deal of investigation on COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 is still rampaging globally, emphasizing the urgent need to reformulate effective prevention and treatment strategies. Here, we review the latest research progress of COVID-19 and provide distinct perspectives on the mechanism and management of COVID-19. Specially, we highlight the significance of Human Identical Sequences (HIS), hyaluronan, and hymecromone ("Three-H") for the understanding and intervention of COVID-19. Firstly, HIS activate inflammation-related genes to influence COVID-19 progress through NamiRNA-Enhancer network. Accumulation of hyaluronan induced by HIS-mediated HAS2 upregulation is a substantial basis for clinical manifestations of COVID-19, especially in lymphocytopenia and pulmonary ground-glass opacity. Secondly, detection of plasma hyaluronan can be effective for evaluating the progression and severity of COVID-19. Thirdly, spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 may bind to hyaluronan and further serve as an allergen to stimulate allergic reaction, causing sudden adverse effects after vaccination or the aggravation of COVID-19. Finally, antisense oligonucleotides of HIS or inhibitors of hyaluronan synthesis (hymecromone) or antiallergic agents could be promising therapeutic agents for COVID-19. Collectively, Three-H could hold the key to understand the pathogenic mechanism and create effective therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yang
- Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tong
- Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Yu
- Laboratory of RNA Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Cancer Metastasis Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis to Identify Potential Biological Processes and Key Genes in COVID-19-Related Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4526022. [PMID: 35557984 PMCID: PMC9088964 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4526022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to explore the underlying biological processes causing coronavirus disease 2019- (COVID-19-) related stroke. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was utilized to obtain four COVID-19 datasets and two stroke datasets. Thereafter, we identified key modules via weighted gene co-expression network analysis, following which COVID-19- and stroke-related crucial modules were crossed to identify the common genes of COVID-19-related stroke. The common genes were intersected with the stroke-related hub genes screened via Cytoscape software to discover the critical genes associated with COVID-19-related stroke. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis for common genes associated with COVID-19-related stroke, and the Reactome database was used to annotate and visualize the pathways involved in the key genes. Two COVID-19-related crucial modules and one stroke-related crucial module were identified. Subsequently, the top five genes were screened as hub genes after visualizing the genes of stroke-related critical module using Cytoscape. By intersecting the COVID-19- and stroke-related crucial modules, 28 common genes for COVID-19-related stroke were identified. ITGA2B and ITGB3 have been further identified as crucial genes of COVID-19-related stroke. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that both ITGA2B and ITGB3 were involved in integrin signaling and the response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+, thus regulating platelet activation, extracellular matrix- (ECM-) receptor interaction, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and hematopoietic cell lineage. Therefore, platelet activation, ECM-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and hematopoietic cell lineage may represent the potential biological processes associated with COVID-19-related stroke, and ITGA2B and ITGB3 may be potential intervention targets for COVID-19-related stroke.
Collapse
|
26
|
Nabi-Afjadi M, Heydari M, Zalpoor H, Arman I, Sadoughi A, Sahami P, Aghazadeh S. Lectins and lectibodies: potential promising antiviral agents. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:37. [PMID: 35562647 PMCID: PMC9100318 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In nature, lectins are widely dispersed proteins that selectively recognize and bind to carbohydrates and glycoconjugates via reversible bonds at specific binding sites. Many viral diseases have been treated with lectins due to their wide range of structures, specificity for carbohydrates, and ability to bind carbohydrates. Through hemagglutination assays, these proteins can be detected interacting with various carbohydrates on the surface of cells and viral envelopes. This review discusses the most robust lectins and their rationally engineered versions, such as lectibodies, as antiviral proteins. Fusion of lectin and antibody’s crystallizable fragment (Fc) of immunoglobulin G (IgG) produces a molecule called a “lectibody” that can act as a carbohydrate-targeting antibody. Lectibodies can not only bind to the surface glycoproteins via their lectins and neutralize and clear viruses or infected cells by viruses but also perform Fc-mediated antibody effector functions. These functions include complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and antibody-dependent cell-mediated phagocytosis (ADCP). In addition to entering host cells, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein S1 binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and downregulates it and type I interferons in a way that may lead to lung disease. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein S1 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope are heavily glycosylated, which could make them a major target for developing vaccines, diagnostic tests, and therapeutic drugs. Lectibodies can lead to neutralization and clearance of viruses and cells infected by viruses by binding to glycans located on the envelope surface (e.g., the heavily glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Heydari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, 13145-1384, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,American Association of Kidney Patients, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ibrahim Arman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Arezoo Sadoughi
- Department of Immunology, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Parisa Sahami
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technologies Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Safiyeh Aghazadeh
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, 5756151818, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ghasemzadeh M, Ahmadi J, Hosseini E. Platelet-leukocyte crosstalk in COVID-19: How might the reciprocal links between thrombotic events and inflammatory state affect treatment strategies and disease prognosis? Thromb Res 2022; 213:179-194. [PMID: 35397313 PMCID: PMC8969450 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-leukocyte crosstalk is commonly manifested by reciprocal links between thrombosis and inflammation. Platelet thrombus acts as a reactive matrix that recruits leukocytes to the injury site where their massive accumulation, activation and migration promote thrombotic events while triggering inflammatory responses. As a life-threatening condition with the associations between inflammation and thrombosis, COVID-19 presents diffuse alveolar damage due to exaggerated macrophage activity and cytokine storms. These events, together with direct intracellular virus invasion lead to pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, cell membranes disruption, severe endothelial injury, and thrombosis. The developing pre-alveolar thrombus provides a hyper-reactive milieu that recruits circulating leukocytes to the injury site where their activation contributes to thrombus stabilization and thrombosis propagation, primarily through the formation of Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). NET fragments can also circulate and deposit in further distance where they may disseminate intravascular thrombosis in severe cases of disease. Thrombi may also facilitate leukocytes migration into alveoli where their accumulation and activation exacerbate cytokine storms and tissue damage, further complicating the disease. Based on these mechanisms, whether an effective anti-inflammatory protocol can prevent thrombotic events, or on the other hand; efficient antiplatelet or anticoagulant regimens may be associated with reduced cytokine storms and tissue damage, is now of interests for several ongoing researches. Thus shedding more light on platelet-leukocyte crosstalk, the review presented here discusses the detailed mechanisms by which platelets may contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, especially in severe cases where their interaction with leukocytes can intensify both inflammatory state and thrombosis in a reciprocal manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemzadeh
- Corresponding authors at: Blood Transfusion Research Centre, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehteramolsadat Hosseini
- Corresponding authors at: Blood Transfusion Research Centre, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Khezri MR, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M, Moloodsouri D. Hesperetin and the PI3K/AKT pathway: Could their interaction play a role in the entry and replication of the SARS-CoV-2? J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14212. [PMID: 35467022 PMCID: PMC9114900 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hesperetin, mainly found in citrus honey, has antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiviral properties. Recently, the effect of hesperetin on different aspects of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection such as viral entry, replication, and inflammatory responses has attracted a lot of attention. However, the exact molecular mechanism for its effects on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is not stated. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is an intracellular pathway involved in cell proliferation, protein synthesis, and response to environmental changes. Since the role of this pathway in the pathogenesis of SARS‐CoV‐2 has recently been considered, this letter assumes the probable role of this pathway in the function of hesperetin against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.,Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Donya Moloodsouri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zalpoor H, Akbari A, Nabi-Afjadi M. Ephrin (Eph) receptor and downstream signaling pathways: a promising potential targeted therapy for COVID‑19 and associated cancers and diseases. Hum Cell 2022; 35:952-954. [PMID: 35377105 PMCID: PMC8977187 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00697-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Zalpoor
- American Association of Kidney Patients, Tampa, FL USA
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdullatif Akbari
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Khezri MR, Moloodsouri D, Hodaei D, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Therapeutic potential of loureirin A against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3011-3012. [PMID: 35355342 PMCID: PMC9110998 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Donya Moloodsouri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Darya Hodaei
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.,Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The roles of Eph receptors, neuropilin-1, P2X7, and CD147 in COVID-19-associated neurodegenerative diseases: inflammasome and JaK inhibitors as potential promising therapies. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:10. [PMID: 35109786 PMCID: PMC8809072 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has spread worldwide, and finding a safe therapeutic strategy and effective vaccine is critical to overcoming severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therefore, elucidation of pathogenesis mechanisms, especially entry routes of SARS-CoV-2 may help propose antiviral drugs and novel vaccines. Several receptors have been demonstrated for the interaction of spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 with host cells, including angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2), ephrin ligands and Eph receptors, neuropilin 1 (NRP-1), P2X7, and CD147. The expression of these entry receptors in the central nervous system (CNS) may make the CNS prone to SARS-CoV-2 invasion, leading to neurodegenerative diseases. The present review provides potential pathological mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the CNS, including entry receptors and cytokines involved in neuroinflammatory conditions. Moreover, it explains several neurodegenerative disorders associated with COVID-19. Finally, we suggest inflammasome and JaK inhibitors as potential therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
|