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Zhou L, Sun X, Yarra R, Iqbal A, Wu Q, Li J, Yang Y. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis of sugar and fatty acid of aromatic coconut and non-aromatic coconut in China. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2024; 8:100190. [PMID: 38259870 PMCID: PMC10801327 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2023.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Sugar and fatty acid content are among the important factors that contribute to the intensity of flavor in aromatic coconut. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the sugar and fatty acid metabolites in the flesh of aromatic coconuts, along with identifying the key synthetic genes, is of significant importance for improving the development of desirable character traits in these coconuts. However, the related conjoint analysis of metabolic targets and molecular synthesis mechanisms has not been carried out in aromatic coconut until now. UPLC-MS/MS combined with RNA-Seq were performed in aromatic coconut (AC) and non-aromatic coconut (NAC) meat at 7, 9 and 11 months. The results showed that D-fructose in AC coconut meat was 3.48, 2.56 and 3.45 fold higher than that in NAC coconut meat. Similarly, D-glucose in AC coconut meat was 2.48, 2.25 and 3.91 fold higher than that in NAC coconut meat. The NAC coconut meat showed a 1.22-fold rise in the content of lauric acid compared to the AC coconut meat when it reached 11 months of age. Myristic acid content in NAC coconut meat was 1.47, 1.44 and 1.13 fold higher than that in AC coconut meat. The palmitic acid content in NAC coconut meat was 1.62 and 1.34 fold higher than that in AC coconut meat. The genes SPS, GAE, GALE, GLCAK, UGE, UGDH, FBP, GMLS, PFK, GPI, RHM, ACC, FabF, FatA, FabG, and FabI exhibited a negative correlation with D-fructose (r = -0.81) and D-glucose (r = -0.99) contents, while showing a positive correlation (r = 0.85-0.96) with lauric acid and myristic acid. Furthermore, GALE, GLCAK, FBP, GMLS, and ACC displayed a positive correlation (r = 0.83-0.94) with palmitic acid content. The sugar/organic acid ratio exhibited a positive correlation with SPS, GAE, UGE, FabF, FabZ and FabI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Zhou
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/ Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Xiwei Sun
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/ Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Rajesh Yarra
- Department of Plant and Agroecosytem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Amjad Iqbal
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/ Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Qiufei Wu
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/ Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/ Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
| | - Yaodong Yang
- Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/ Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology, Wenchang, Hainan, China
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Fan Q, Xu Y, Xiao Y, Yang C, Lyu W, Yang H. Linking growth performance and carcass traits with enterotypes in Muscovy ducks. Anim Biosci 2024; 37:1213-1224. [PMID: 38665077 PMCID: PMC11222842 DOI: 10.5713/ab.23.0482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Enterotypes (ETs) are the clustering of gut microbial community structures, which could serve as indicators of growth performance and carcass traits. However, ETs have been sparsely investigated in waterfowl. The objective of this study was to identify the ileal ETs and explore the correlation of the ETs with growth performance and carcass traits in Muscovy ducks. METHODS A total of 200 Muscovy ducks were randomly selected from a population of 5,000 ducks at 70-day old, weighed and slaughtered. The growth performance and carcass traits, including body weight, dressed weight and evidenced weight, dressed percentage, percentage of apparent yield, breast muscle weight, leg muscle weight, percentage of leg muscle and percentage of breast muscle, were determined. The contents of ileum were collected for the isolation of DNA and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The ETs were identified based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing data and the correlation of the ETs with growth performance and carcass traits was performed by Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS Three ETs (ET1, ET2, and ET3) were observed in the ileal microbiota of Muscovy ducks with significant differences in number of features and α-diversity among these ETs (p<0.05). Streptococcus, Candida Arthritis, and Bacteroidetes were the presentative genus in ET1 to ET3, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed that Lactococcus and Bradyrhizobium were significantly correlated with percentage of eviscerated yield and leg muscle weight (p<0.05) while ETs were found to have a close association with percentage of eviscerated yield, leg muscle weight, and percentage of leg muscle in Muscovy ducks. However, the growth performance of ducks with different ETs did not show significant difference (p>0.05). Lactococcus were found to be significantly correlated with leg muscle weight, dressed weight, and percentage of eviscerated yield. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed a substantial variation in carcass traits associated with ETs in Muscovy ducks. It is implied that ETs might have the potential to serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing duck carcass traits. It would provide novel insights into the interaction of gut microbiota with growth performance and carcass traits of ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Fan
- College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300,
China
- State Key Laboratory of Hazard Factors and Risk Prevention and Control of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021,
China
| | - Yini Xu
- College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300,
China
- State Key Laboratory of Hazard Factors and Risk Prevention and Control of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021,
China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Hazard Factors and Risk Prevention and Control of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021,
China
| | - Caimei Yang
- College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300,
China
| | - Wentao Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Hazard Factors and Risk Prevention and Control of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021,
China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hazard Factors and Risk Prevention and Control of Agricultural Product Quality and Safety, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, 310021,
China
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Kohlrausch FB, Wang F, McKerrow W, Grivainis M, Fenyo D, Keefe DL. Mapping of long interspersed element-1 (L1) insertions by TIPseq provides information about sub chromosomal genetic variation in human embryos. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024:10.1007/s10815-024-03176-9. [PMID: 38951360 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03176-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retrotransposons play important roles during early development when they are transiently de-repressed during epigenetic reprogramming. Long interspersed element-1 (L1), the only autonomous retrotransposon in humans, comprises 17% of the human genome. We applied the Single Cell Transposon Insertion Profiling by Sequencing (scTIPseq) to characterize and map L1 insertions in human embryos. METHODS Sixteen cryopreserved, genetically tested, human blastocysts, were accessed from consenting couples undergoing IVF at NYU Langone Fertility Center. Additionally, four trios (father, mother, and embryos) were also evaluated. scTIPseq was applied to map L1 insertions in all samples, using L1 locations reported in the 1000 Genomes as controls. RESULTS Twenty-nine unknown and unique insertions were observed in the sixteen embryos. Most were intergenic; no insertions were located in exons or immediately upstream of genes. The location or number of unknown insertions did not differ between euploid and aneuploid embryos, suggesting they are not merely markers of aneuploidy. Rather, scTIPseq provides novel information about sub-chromosomal structural variation in human embryos. Trio analyses showed a parental origin of all L1 insertions in embryos. CONCLUSION Several studies have measured L1 expression at different stages of development in mice, but this study for the first time reports unknown insertions in human embryos that were inherited from one parent, confirming no de novo L1 insertions occurred in parental germline or during embryogenesis. Since one-third of euploid embryo transfers fail, future studies would be useful for understanding whether these sub-chromosomal genetic variants or de novo L1 insertions affect embryo developmental potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana B Kohlrausch
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, 24210-201, Brazil.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Wilson McKerrow
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Mark Grivainis
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - David Fenyo
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - David L Keefe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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Luo X, Huang L, Guo Y, Yang Y, Gong P, Ye S, Wang L, Feng Y. Identification of potential candidate miRNAs related to semen quality in seminal plasma extracellular vesicles and sperms of male duck (Anas Platyrhynchos). Poult Sci 2024; 103:103928. [PMID: 39003794 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Semen quality is an important indicator that can directly affect fertility. In mammals, miRNAs in seminal plasma extracellular vesicles (SPEVs) and sperms can regulate semen quality. However, relevant regulatory mechanism in duck sperms remains largely unclear. In this study, duck SPEVs were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blot (WB), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). To identify the important molecules affecting semen quality, we analysed the miRNA expression in sperms and SPEVs of male ducks in high semen quality group ((DHS, DHSE) and low semen quality group (DLS, DLSE). We identified 94 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in the comparison of DHS vs. DLS, and 21 DE miRNAs in DHSE vs. DLSE. Target genes of SPEVs DE miRNAs were enriched in ErbB signaling pathway, glycometabolism, and ECM-receptor interaction pathways (P < 0.05), while the target genes of sperm DE miRNAs were enriched in ribosome (P < 0.05). The miRNA-target-pathway interaction network analyses indicated that 5 DE miRNAs (miR-34c-5p, miR-34b-3p, miR-449a, miR-31-5p, and miR-128-1-5p) targeted the largest number of target genes enriched in MAPK, Wnt and calcium signaling pathways, of which FZD9 and ANAPC11 were involved in multiple biological processes related to sperm functions, indicating their regulatory effects on sperm quality. The comparison of DE miRNAs of SPEVs and sperms found that mir-31-5p and novel-273 could potentially serve as biomarkers for semen quality detection. Our findings enhance the insight into the crucial role of SPEV and sperm miRNAs in regulating semen quality and provide a new perspective for subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Liming Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430208, P.R. China
| | - Ping Gong
- Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430208, P.R. China
| | - Shengqiang Ye
- Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430208, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430208, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology and College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R. China.
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Tang K, Karamat U, Li G, Guo J, Jiang S, Fu M, Yang X. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal the role of BoGSTF12 in anthocyanin accumulation in Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea var. alboglabra). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:335. [PMID: 38664614 PMCID: PMC11044404 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vivid red, purple, and blue hues that are observed in a variety of plant fruits, flowers, and leaves are produced by anthocyanins, which are naturally occurring pigments produced by a series of biochemical processes occurring inside the plant cells. The purple-stalked Chinese kale, a popular vegetable that contains anthocyanins, has many health benefits but needs to be investigated further to identify the genes involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis and translocation in this vegetable. RESULTS In this study, the purple- and green-stalked Chinese kale were examined using integrative transcriptome and metabolome analyses. The content of anthocyanins such as cyanidin-3-O-(6″-O-feruloyl) sophoroside-5-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside (cyanin), and cyanidin-3-O-(6″-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl) sophoroside-5-O-glucoside were considerably higher in purple-stalked Chinese kale than in its green-stalked relative. RNA-seq analysis indicated that 23 important anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, including 3 PAL, 2 C4H, 3 4CL, 3 CHS, 1 CHI, 1 F3H, 2 FLS, 2 F3'H, 1 DFR, 3 ANS, and 2 UFGT, along with the transcription factor BoMYB114, were significantly differentially expressed between the purple- and green-stalked varieties. Results of analyzing the expression levels of 11 genes involved in anthocyanin production using qRT-PCR further supported our findings. Association analysis between genes and metabolites revealed a strong correlation between BoGSTF12 and anthocyanin. We overexpressed BoGSTF12 in Arabidopsis thaliana tt19, an anthocyanin transport mutant, and this rescued the anthocyanin-loss phenotype in the stem and rosette leaves, indicating BoGSTF12 encodes an anthocyanin transporter that affects the accumulation of anthocyanins. CONCLUSION This work represents a key step forward in our understanding of the molecular processes underlying anthocyanin production in Chinese kale. Our comprehensive metabolomic and transcriptome analyses provide important insights into the regulatory system that controls anthocyanin production and transport, while providing a foundation for further research to elucidate the physiological importance of the metabolites found in this nutritionally significant vegetable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Tang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Umer Karamat
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guihua Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Juxian Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shizheng Jiang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mei Fu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Xian Yang
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Cao RB, Chen R, Liao KX, Li H, Xu GB, Jiang XL. Karyotype and LTR-RTs analysis provide insights into oak genomic evolution. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:328. [PMID: 38566015 PMCID: PMC10988972 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-genome duplication and long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) amplification in organisms are essential factors that affect speciation, local adaptation, and diversification of organisms. Understanding the karyotype projection and LTR-RTs amplification could contribute to untangling evolutionary history. This study compared the karyotype and LTR-RTs evolution in the genomes of eight oaks, a dominant lineage in Northern Hemisphere forests. RESULTS Karyotype projections showed that chromosomal evolution was relatively conservative in oaks, especially on chromosomes 1 and 7. Modern oak chromosomes formed through multiple fusions, fissions, and rearrangements after an ancestral triplication event. Species-specific chromosomal rearrangements revealed fragments preserved through natural selection and adaptive evolution. A total of 441,449 full-length LTR-RTs were identified from eight oak genomes, and the number of LTR-RTs for oaks from section Cyclobalanopsis was larger than in other sections. Recent amplification of the species-specific LTR-RTs lineages resulted in significant variation in the abundance and composition of LTR-RTs among oaks. The LTR-RTs insertion suppresses gene expression, and the suppressed intensity in gene regions was larger than in promoter regions. Some centromere and rearrangement regions indicated high-density peaks of LTR/Copia and LTR/Gypsy. Different centromeric regional repeat units (32, 78, 79 bp) were detected on different Q. glauca chromosomes. CONCLUSION Chromosome fusions and arm exchanges contribute to the formation of oak karyotypes. The composition and abundance of LTR-RTs are affected by its recent amplification. LTR-RTs random retrotransposition suppresses gene expression and is enriched in centromere and chromosomal rearrangement regions. This study provides novel insights into the evolutionary history of oak karyotypes and the organization, amplification, and function of LTR-RTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Bin Cao
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ran Chen
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ke-Xin Liao
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - He Li
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gang-Biao Xu
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Long Jiang
- The Laboratory of Forestry Genetics, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 410004, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Lilly E, Muscala M, Sharkey CR, McCulloch KJ. Larval swimming in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis is sensitive to a broad light spectrum and exhibits a wavelength-dependent behavioral switch. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11222. [PMID: 38628921 PMCID: PMC11019245 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In nearly all animals, light-sensing mediated by opsin visual pigments is important for survival and reproduction. Eyeless light-sensing systems, though vital for many animals, have received relatively less attention than forms with charismatic or complex eyes. Despite no single light-sensing organ, the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis has 29 opsin genes and multiple light-mediated behaviors throughout development and reproduction, suggesting a deceptively complex light-sensing system. To characterize one aspect of this light-sensing system, we analyzed larval swimming behavior at high wavelength resolution across the ultraviolet and visual spectrum. N. vectensis larvae respond to light at least from 315 to 650 nm, which is a broad sensitivity range even compared to many animals with complex eyes. Planktonic swimming is induced by ultraviolet (UV) and violet wavelengths until 420 nm. Between 420 and 430 nm a behavioral switch occurs where at wavelengths longer than 430 nm, larvae respond to light by swimming down. Swimming down toward the substrate is distinct from light avoidance, as animals do not exhibit positive or negative phototaxis at any wavelength tested. At wavelengths longer than 575 nm, animals in the water column take increasingly longer to respond and this behavior is more variable until 650 nm where larval response is no different from the dark, suggesting these longer wavelengths lie outside of their sensitivity range. Larval swimming is the only motile stage in the life history of N. vectensis, and increased planktonic swimming could lead to greater dispersal range in potentially damaging shallow environments with short-wavelength light exposure. Longer wavelength environments may indicate more suitable substrates for metamorphosis into the polyp stage, where the individual will remain for the rest of its life. Future work will test whether this robust behavior is mediated by multiple opsins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Lilly
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Meghan Muscala
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Camilla R. Sharkey
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Kyle J. McCulloch
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
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Duwor S, Brites D, Mäser P. Phylogenetic Analysis of Pyruvate-Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase, a Redox Enzyme Involved in the Pharmacological Activation of Nitro-Based Prodrugs in Bacteria and Protozoa. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:178. [PMID: 38534448 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The present frontrunners in the chemotherapy of infections caused by protozoa are nitro-based prodrugs that are selectively activated by PFOR-mediated redox reactions. This study seeks to analyze the distribution of PFOR in selected protozoa and bacteria by applying comparative genomics to test the hypothesis that PFOR in eukaryotes was acquired through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from bacteria. Furthermore, to identify other putatively acquired genes, proteome-wide and gene enrichment analyses were used. A plausible explanation for the patchy occurrence of PFOR in protozoa is based on the hypothesis that bacteria are potential sources of genes that enhance the adaptation of protozoa in hostile environments. Comparative genomics of Entamoeba histolytica and the putative gene donor, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, identified eleven candidate genes for HGT involved in intermediary metabolism. If these results can be reproduced in other PFOR-possessing protozoa, it would provide more validated evidence to support the horizontal transfer of pfor from bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Duwor
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Brites
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Mäser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
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Wang Z, Zhou J, Zou J, Yang J, Chen W. Characterization of PYL gene family and identification of HaPYL genes response to drought and salt stress in sunflower. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16831. [PMID: 38464756 PMCID: PMC10924776 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of global climate change, drought and soil salinity are some of the most devastating abiotic stresses affecting agriculture today. PYL proteins are essential components of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and play critical roles in responding to abiotic stressors, including drought and salt stress. Although PYL genes have been studied in many species, their roles in responding to abiotic stress are still unclear in the sunflower. In this study, 19 HaPYL genes, distributed on 15 of 17 chromosomes, were identified in the sunflower. Fragment duplication is the main cause of the expansion of PYL genes in the sunflower genome. Based on phylogenetic analysis, HaPYL genes were divided into three subfamilies. Members in the same subfamily share similar protein motifs and gene exon-intron structures, except for the second subfamily. Tissue expression patterns suggested that HaPYLs serve different functions when responding to developmental and environmental signals in the sunflower. Exogenous ABA treatment showed that most HaPYLs respond to an increase in the ABA level. Among these HaPYLs, HaPYL2a, HaPYL4d, HaPYL4g, HaPYL8a, HaPYL8b, HaPYL8c, HaPYL9b, and HaPYL9c were up-regulated with PEG6000 treatment and NaCl treatment. This indicates that they may play a role in resisting drought and salt stress in the sunflower by mediating ABA signaling. Our findings provide some clues to further explore the functions of PYL genes in the sunflower, especially with regards to drought and salt stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoping Wang
- China West Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayan Zhou
- China West Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Zou
- China West Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- China West Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiying Chen
- China West Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Zhou J, Dong J, Hou H, Huang L, Li J. High-throughput microfluidic systems accelerated by artificial intelligence for biomedical applications. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1307-1326. [PMID: 38247405 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc01012k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
High-throughput microfluidic systems are widely used in biomedical fields for tasks like disease detection, drug testing, and material discovery. Despite the great advances in automation and throughput, the large amounts of data generated by the high-throughput microfluidic systems generally outpace the abilities of manual analysis. Recently, the convergence of microfluidic systems and artificial intelligence (AI) has been promising in solving the issue by significantly accelerating the process of data analysis as well as improving the capability of intelligent decision. This review offers a comprehensive introduction on AI methods and outlines the current advances of high-throughput microfluidic systems accelerated by AI, covering biomedical detection, drug screening, and automated system control and design. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities in this field are critically discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jianpei Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Hongwei Hou
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Lu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Jinghong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen 518054, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing 102209, China
- Center for BioAnalytical Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory of Physical Science at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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11
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Senavirathna I, Jayasundara D, Warnasekara J, Kappagoda C, Agampodi S. Levels of Cytokines in Leptospirosis Patients with Different Serovars and rfb Locus. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024; 44:80-93. [PMID: 38377491 PMCID: PMC10880283 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from mild to severe disease. The cytokine response is considered one of the key drivers for this varying manifestation. The different cytokine response observed in patients with leptospirosis could be due to the variation of infecting serovars. Since the rfb locus codes for the lipopolysaccharide synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, which also determines the serovar, this locus may play a role in driving a specific cytokine response in the host. We investigated 12 commonly used cytokine profiles in serum samples of culture, microscopic agglutination test (MAT), or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive patients with leptospirosis. The sequences of the rfb locus in culture-positive samples were generated from whole genome sequencing and serovar status was drawn from original data published. Isolated cultures were subjected to whole genome sequencing using the PacBio RS II system, and the resulting data were used to determine the species. The recovered genomic data were annotated with the Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (RAST) subsystem, and the rfb locus was extracted. The cytokine analysis was carried out using the Qiagen human ELISA kit. Eighteen samples were found to be positive by culture, while the other 7 samples were positive by PCR or MAT. Infections from Leptospira interrogans serovar Autumnalis (5), Pyrogens (3), Icterohaemorrhagiae (1) Leptospira borgpetersenii (all 7 samples clustered in same clonal group with serovar status not determined), Leptospira weilii (1 with serovar status not determined), and Leptospira kirschneri serovar Grippotyphosa (1) were included in the analysis. Three patients [infected with Leptospira interrogansserovar Autumnalis (2) and Pyrogens (1)] and 2 MAT-positive patients (highest titer against serovar Bratislava of L.interrognas) were reported to have severe clinical manifestations, while the rest had mild to moderate symptoms. Although the serum cytokine concentration of patients with severe clinical manifestation was comparatively higher, a statistically significant difference was observed only for interleukin (IL)-1β (P < 0.05). IL-10/tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) ratio was high in patients with severe complications. In general, patients infected with L. interrogans showed higher concentration of cytokines compared to L. borgpetersenii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indika Senavirathna
- Leptospirosis Research Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Dinesha Jayasundara
- Leptospirosis Research Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Janith Warnasekara
- Leptospirosis Research Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Chamila Kappagoda
- Leptospirosis Research Laboratory, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Suneth Agampodi
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, California, USA
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12
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Daryani P, Amirbakhtiar N, Soorni J, Loni F, Darzi Ramandi H, Shobbar ZS. Uncovering the Genomic Regions Associated with Yield Maintenance in Rice Under Drought Stress Using an Integrated Meta-Analysis Approach. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:7. [PMID: 38227151 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The complex trait of yield is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Given the global water deficit issue, the development of rice varieties suitable for non-flooded cultivation holds significant importance in breeding programs. The powerful approach of Meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis can be used for the genetic dissection of complicated quantitative traits. In the current study, a comprehensive MQTL analysis was conducted to identify consistent QTL regions associated with drought tolerance and yield-related traits under water deficit conditions in rice. In total, 1087 QTLs from 134 rice populations, published between 2000 to 2021, were utilized in the analysis. Distinct MQTL analysis of the relevant traits resulted in the identification of 213 stable MQTLs. The confidence interval (CI) for the detected MQTLs was between 0.12 and 19.7 cM. The average CI of the identified MQTLs (4.68 cM) was 2.74 times narrower compared to the average CI of the initial QTLs. Interestingly, 63 MQTLs coincided with SNP peak positions detected by genome-wide association studies for yield and drought tolerance-associated traits under water deficit conditions in rice. Considering the genes located both in the QTL-overview peaks and the SNP peak positions, 19 novel candidate genes were introduced, which are associated with drought response index, plant height, panicle number, biomass, and grain yield. Moreover, an inclusive MQTL analysis was performed on all the traits to obtain "Breeding MQTLs". This analysis resulted in the identification of 96 MQTLs with a CI ranging from 0.01 to 9.0 cM. The mean CI of the obtained MQTLs (2.33 cM) was 4.66 times less than the mean CI of the original QTLs. Thirteen MQTLs fulfilling the criteria of having more than 10 initial QTLs, CI < 1 cM, and an average phenotypic variance explained greater than 10%, were designated as "Breeding MQTLs". These findings hold promise for assisting breeders in enhancing rice yield under drought stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Daryani
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Nazanin Amirbakhtiar
- National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Jahad Soorni
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Loni
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Hadi Darzi Ramandi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
| | - Zahra-Sadat Shobbar
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
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13
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Davoudi P, Do DN, Colombo S, Rathgeber B, Sargolzaei M, Plastow G, Wang Z, Hu G, Valipour S, Miar Y. Genome-wide association studies for economically important traits in mink using copy number variation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:24. [PMID: 38167844 PMCID: PMC10762091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) are structural variants consisting of duplications and deletions of DNA segments, which are known to play important roles in the genetics of complex traits in livestock species. However, CNV-based genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have remained unexplored in American mink. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between CNVs and complex traits in American mink. A CNV-based GWAS was performed with the ParseCNV2 software program using deregressed estimated breeding values of 27 traits as pseudophenotypes, categorized into traits of growth and feed efficiency, reproduction, pelt quality, and Aleutian disease tests. The study identified a total of 10,137 CNVs (6968 duplications and 3169 deletions) using the Affymetrix Mink 70K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array in 2986 American mink. The association analyses identified 250 CNV regions (CNVRs) associated with at least one of the studied traits. These CNVRs overlapped with a total of 320 potential candidate genes, and among them, several genes have been known to be related to the traits such as ARID1B, APPL1, TOX, and GPC5 (growth and feed efficiency traits); GRM1, RNASE10, WNT3, WNT3A, and WNT9B (reproduction traits); MYO10, and LIMS1 (pelt quality traits); and IFNGR2, APEX1, UBE3A, and STX11 (Aleutian disease tests). Overall, the results of the study provide potential candidate genes that may regulate economically important traits and therefore may be used as genetic markers in mink genomic breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pourya Davoudi
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Duy Ngoc Do
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Stefanie Colombo
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Bruce Rathgeber
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Mehdi Sargolzaei
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Select Sires Inc., Plain City, OH, USA
| | - Graham Plastow
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Guoyu Hu
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Shafagh Valipour
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Younes Miar
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada.
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14
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Jung P, Baumann K, Emrich D, Schermer M, Eckhardt KU, Jandl G, Leinweber P, Harion F, Wruck A, Grube M, Büdel B, Lakatos M. The dark side of orange: Multiorganismic continuum dynamics within a lichen of the Atacama Desert. Mycologia 2024; 116:44-58. [PMID: 37955984 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2023.2263148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the decades our understanding of lichens has shifted to the fact that they are multiorganismic, symbiotic microecosystems, with their complex interactions coming to the fore due to recent advances in microbiomics. Here, we present a mutualistic-parasitic continuum dynamics scenario between an orange lichen and a lichenicolous fungus from the Atacama Desert leading to the decay of the lichen's photobiont and leaving behind a black lichen thallus. Based on isolation, sequencing, and ecophysiological approaches including metabolic screenings of the symbionts, we depict consequences upon infection with the lichenicolous fungus. This spans from a loss of the lichen's photosynthetic activity and an increased roughness of its surface to an inhibition of the parietin synthesis as a shared pathway between the photobiont and the mycobiont, including a shift of secondary metabolism products. This degree of relations has rarely been documented before, although lichenicolous fungi have been studied for over 200 years, adding an additional level to the view of interactions within lichens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Jung
- Integrative Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Carl-Schurz-Str. 10-16, Pirmasens 66953, Germany
| | - Karen Baumann
- Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, Rostock 18051, Germany
| | - Dina Emrich
- Applied Vegetation Ecology, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Tennenbacher Str. 4, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Michael Schermer
- Biology, Rhineland-Palatinate Technical University Kaiserslautern Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger Str. 52, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckhardt
- Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, Rostock 18051, Germany
| | - Gerald Jandl
- Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, Rostock 18051, Germany
| | - Peter Leinweber
- Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Rostock, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 6, Rostock 18051, Germany
| | - Felix Harion
- Integrative Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Carl-Schurz-Str. 10-16, Pirmasens 66953, Germany
| | - Andreas Wruck
- Integrative Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Carl-Schurz-Str. 10-16, Pirmasens 66953, Germany
| | - Martin Grube
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Holteigasse 6, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Burkhard Büdel
- Department of Biology, Rhineland-Palatinate Technical University Kaiserslautern Landau, Erwin-Schrödinger Str. 52, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Michael Lakatos
- Integrative Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Carl-Schurz-Str. 10-16, Pirmasens 66953, Germany
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15
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Yin ZT, Li XQ, Sun YX, Smith J, Hincke M, Yang N, Hou ZC. Selection on the promoter regions plays an important role in complex traits during duck domestication. BMC Biol 2023; 21:303. [PMID: 38129834 PMCID: PMC10740227 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the key factors that underlie complex traits during domestication is a great challenge for evolutionary and biological studies. In addition to the protein-coding region differences caused by variants, a large number of variants are located in the noncoding regions containing multiple types of regulatory elements. However, the roles of accumulated variants in gene regulatory elements during duck domestication and economic trait improvement are poorly understood. RESULTS We constructed a genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics map of the duck genome and assessed the evolutionary forces that have been in play across the whole genome during domestication. In total, 304 (42.94%) gene promoters have been specifically selected in Pekin duck among all selected genes. Joint multi-omics analysis reveals that 218 genes (72.01%) with selected promoters are located in open and active chromatin, and 267 genes (87.83%) with selected promoters were highly and differentially expressed in domestic trait-related tissues. One important candidate gene ELOVL3, with a strong signature of differentiation on the core promoter region, is known to regulate fatty acid elongation. Functional experiments showed that the nearly fixed variants in the top selected ELOVL3 promoter in Pekin duck decreased binding ability with HLF and increased gene expression, with the overexpression of ELOVL3 able to increase lipid deposition and unsaturated fatty acid enrichment. CONCLUSIONS This study presents genome resequencing, RNA-Seq, Hi-C, and ATAC-Seq data of mallard and Pekin duck, showing that selection of the gene promoter region plays an important role in gene expression and phenotypic changes during domestication and highlights that the variants of the ELOVL3 promoter may have multiple effects on fat and long-chain fatty acid content in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Tao Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yun-Xiao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jacqueline Smith
- The Roslin Institute & R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Maxwell Hincke
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Ning Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zhuo-Cheng Hou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China.
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16
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Tolstenkov O, Chatzigeorgiou M, Gorbushin A. Neuronal gene expression in two generations of the marine parasitic worm, Cryptocotyle lingua. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1279. [PMID: 38110640 PMCID: PMC10728431 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05675-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Trematodes, or flukes, undergo intricate anatomical and behavioral transformations during their life cycle, yet the functional changes in their nervous system remain poorly understood. We investigated the molecular basis of nervous system function in Cryptocotyle lingua, a species of relevance for fisheries. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a streamlined molecular toolkit with the absence of key signaling pathways and ion channels. Notably, we observed the loss of nitric oxide synthase across the Platyhelminthes. Furthermore, we identified upregulated neuronal genes in dispersal larvae, including those involved in aminergic pathways, synaptic vesicle trafficking, TRPA channels, and surprisingly nitric oxide receptors. Using neuronal markers and in situ hybridization, we hypothesized their functional relevance to larval adaptations and host-finding strategies. Additionally, employing a behavior quantification toolkit, we assessed cercaria motility, facilitating further investigations into the behavior and physiology of parasitic flatworms. This study enhances our understanding of trematode neurobiology and provides insights for targeted antiparasitic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander Gorbushin
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg, Russia
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17
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Zhao H, Sun G, Mu X, Li X, Wang J, Zhao M, Zhang G, Ji R, Chen C, Gao G, Wang J. Genome-wide selective signatures mining the candidate genes for egg laying in goose. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:750. [PMID: 38057756 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving the egg production of goose is a crucial goal of breeding, because genetics is the key factor affecting egg production. Thus, we sequenced the genomes of 55 Chinese indigenous geese from six breeds, which were divided into the high egg-laying group (ZE, HY, and SC) and low egg-laying group (ZD, LH, and ST). Based on the results of the inter-population selection signal analysis, we mined the selected genome regions in the high egg-laying germplasm population to identify the key candidate genes affecting the egg-laying traits. RESULTS According to the whole-genome sequencing data, the average sequencing depth reached 11.75X. The genetic relationships among those six goose breeds coincided with the breed's geographical location. The six selective signal detection results revealed that the most selected regions were located on Chr2 and Chr12. In total, 12,051 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were selected in all six methods. Using the enrichment results of candidate genes, we detected some pathways involved in cell differentiation, proliferation, and female gonadal development that may cause differences in egg production. Examples of these pathways were the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (IGF2, COMP, and FGFR4), animal organ morphogenesis (IGF2 and CDX4), and female gonad development (TGFB2). CONCLUSION On analyzing the genetic background of six local goose breeds by using re-sequencing data, we found that the kinship was consistent with their geographic location. 107 egg-laying trait-associated candidate genes were mined through six selection signal analysis. Our study provides a critical reference for analyzing the molecular mechanism underlying differences in reproductive traits and molecular breeding of geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchang Zhao
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Guobo Sun
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Xiaohui Mu
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Mengli Zhao
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Gansheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
- Taizhou Fengda Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Rongchao Ji
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
- Taizhou Fengda Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Chao Chen
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China
- Taizhou Fengda Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd, Taizhou, 225511, China
| | - Guangliang Gao
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, China.
- National Waterfowl of gene pool, Taizhou, 225511, China.
- Taizhou Fengda Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd, Taizhou, 225511, China.
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18
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Amini Z, Salehi H, Chehrazi M, Etemadi M, Xiang M. miRNAs and Their Target Genes Play a Critical Role in Response to Heat Stress in Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:2004-2017. [PMID: 36913082 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00713-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Annual global temperature is increasing rapidly. Therefore, in the near future, plants will be exposed to severe heat stress. However, the potential of microRNAs-mediated molecular mechanism for modulating the expression of their target genes is unclear. To investigate the changes of miRNAs in thermo-tolerant plants, in this study, we first investigated the impact of four high temperature regimes including 35/30 °C, 40/35 °C, 45/40 °C, and 50/45 °C in a day/night cycle for 21 days on the physiological traits (total chlorophyll, relative water content and electrolyte leakage and total soluble protein), antioxidant enzymes activities (superoxide dismutase, ascorbic peroxidase, catalase and peroxidase), and osmolytes (total soluble carbohydrates and starch) in two bermudagrass accessions named Malayer and Gorgan. The results showed that more chlorophyll and the relative water content, lower ion leakage, more efficient protein and carbon metabolism and activation of defense proteins (such as antioxidant enzymes) in Gorgan accession, led to better maintained plant growth and activity during heat stress. In the next stage, to investigate the role of miRNAs and their target genes in response to heat stress in a thermo-tolerant plant, the impact of severe heat stress (45/40 °C) was evaluated on the expression of three miRNAs (miRNA159a, miRNA160a and miRNA164f) and their target genes (GAMYB, ARF17 and NAC1, respectively). All measurements were performed in leaves and roots simultaneously. Heat stress significantly induced the expression of three miRNAs in leaves of two accession, while having different effects on the expression of these miRNAs in roots. The results showed that a decrease in the expression of the transcription factor ARF17, no change in the expression of the transcription factor NAC1, and an increase in the expression of the transcription factor GAMYB in leaf and root tissues of Gorgan accession led to improved heat tolerance in it. These results also showed that the effect of miRNAs on the modulating expression of target mRNAs in leaves and roots is different under heat stress, and miRNAs and mRNAs show spatiotemporal expression. Therefore, the simultaneous analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs expressions in shoot and roots is needed to comprehensively understand miRNAs regulatory function under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Amini
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hassan Salehi
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mehrangiz Chehrazi
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Etemadi
- Department of Horticultural Science, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mingying Xiang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
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19
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Aly SM, Elatta MA, ElBanna NI, El-Shiekh MA, Mabrok M, Kelany MS, Fathi M. Comprehensive analysis of Vibrio alginolyticus: Environmental risk factors in the cultured Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) under seasonal fluctuations and water parameter alterations. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023; 46:1425-1437. [PMID: 37705253 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between seasonal variations, water parameters and the prevalence of Vibriosis in Gilthead seabream. A total of 160 Gilthead seabream fish were sampled over the course of 1 year from private earthen pond farms in the Suez Canal area and examined for abnormalities and internal lesions. Vibrio alginolyticus, the causative agent of Vibriosis, was isolated and characterized from the sampled Gilthead seabream fish. The study revealed a significant correlation between different seasons and the prevalence of V. alginolyticus, with lower occurrence during autumn. Analysis of water parameters showed that toxic ammonia concentration was not effective in distinguishing between positive and negative cases of V. alginolyticus. Dissolved oxygen showed weak predictive ability for the occurrence of V. alginolyticus, while temperature demonstrated moderate potential as a predictor of its prevalence. pH values, organic matter concentrations and salinity showed no significant association with the occurrence of V. alginolyticus. Experimental challenges highlighted the vulnerability of Gilthead seabream to V. alginolyticus and emphasized the impact of environmental factors, such as pH and toxic ammonia, on their mortality and survival. The study emphasizes the importance of considering seasonal changes and water quality parameters in managing V. alginolyticus in mariculture. It underscores the need for careful monitoring and control of environmental factors to ensure the health and well-being of cultured fish populations. The findings contribute to our understanding of Vibriosis management and provide valuable insights for developing effective strategies in the aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah M Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elatta
- Department of Fish Health, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Noha I ElBanna
- Department of Aquaculture Diseases Control, Fish Farming and Technology Institute, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Mahmoud Mabrok
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Kelany
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fathi
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt
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20
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Volkova NA, Romanov MN, Abdelmanova AS, Larionova PV, German NY, Vetokh AN, Shakhin AV, Volkova LA, Anshakov DV, Fisinin VI, Narushin VG, Griffin DK, Sölkner J, Brem G, McEwan JC, Brauning R, Zinovieva NA. Genotyping-by-Sequencing Strategy for Integrating Genomic Structure, Diversity and Performance of Various Japanese Quail ( Coturnix japonica) Breeds. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3439. [PMID: 38003057 PMCID: PMC10668688 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Traces of long-term artificial selection can be detected in genomes of domesticated birds via whole-genome screening using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. This study thus examined putative genomic regions under selection that are relevant to the development history, divergence and phylogeny among Japanese quails of various breeds and utility types. We sampled 99 birds from eight breeds (11% of the global gene pool) of egg (Japanese, English White, English Black, Tuxedo and Manchurian Golden), meat (Texas White and Pharaoh) and dual-purpose (Estonian) types. The genotyping-by-sequencing analysis was performed for the first time in domestic quails, providing 62,935 SNPs. Using principal component analysis, Neighbor-Net and Admixture algorithms, the studied breeds were characterized according to their genomic architecture, ancestry and direction of selective breeding. Japanese and Pharaoh breeds had the smallest number and length of homozygous segments indicating a lower selective pressure. Tuxedo and Texas White breeds showed the highest values of these indicators and genomic inbreeding suggesting a greater homozygosity. We revealed evidence for the integration of genomic and performance data, and our findings are applicable for elucidating the history of creation and genomic variability in quail breeds that, in turn, will be useful for future breeding improvement strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Volkova
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
| | - Michael N. Romanov
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK;
| | - Alexandra S. Abdelmanova
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
| | - Polina V. Larionova
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
| | - Nadezhda Yu. German
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
| | - Anastasia N. Vetokh
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
| | - Alexey V. Shakhin
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
| | - Ludmila A. Volkova
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
| | - Dmitry V. Anshakov
- Breeding and Genetic Center Zagorsk Experimental Breeding Farm—Branch of the Federal Research Centre, All-Russian Poultry Research and Technological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Sergiev Posad 141311, Moscow Oblast, Russia;
| | - Vladimir I. Fisinin
- Federal Research Center “All-Russian Poultry Research and Technological Institute” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sergiev Posad 141311, Moscow Oblast, Russia;
| | - Valeriy G. Narushin
- Research Institute for Environment Treatment, 69032 Zaporizhya, Ukraine;
- Vita-Market Co., Ltd., 69032 Zaporizhya, Ukraine
| | - Darren K. Griffin
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK;
| | - Johann Sölkner
- Institute of Livestock Sciences (NUWI), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, 1180 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Gottfried Brem
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - John C. McEwan
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand; (J.C.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Rudiger Brauning
- AgResearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand; (J.C.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Natalia A. Zinovieva
- L. K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Dubrovitsy, Podolsk 142132, Moscow Oblast, Russia; (N.A.V.); (A.S.A.); (P.V.L.); (N.Y.G.); (A.N.V.); (A.V.S.); (L.A.V.)
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21
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Zhang W, Zhang H, Zhao G, Wang N, Guo L, Hou X. Molecular mechanism of somatic embryogenesis in paeonia ostii 'Fengdan' based on transcriptome analysis combined histomorphological observation and metabolite determination. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:665. [PMID: 37924006 PMCID: PMC10625268 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09730-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tree peony (Paeonia sect. Moutan DC.) is a famous flower native to China with high ornamental, medicinal, and oil value. However, the low regeneration rate of callus is one of the main constraints for the establishment of a genetic transformation system in tree peony. By histomorphological observation, transcriptomic analysis and metabolite determination, we investigated the molecular mechanism of somatic embryogenesis after the establishment of a culture system and the induction of somatic embryo(SE) formation. RESULTS We found that SE formation was successfully induced when cotyledons were used as explants. A total of 3185 differentially expressed genes were screened by comparative transcriptomic analysis of embryogenic callus (EC), SE, and non-embryogenic callus (NEC). Compared to NEC, the auxin synthesis-related genes GH3.6 and PCO2 were up-regulated, whereas cytokinin dehydrogenase (CKX6) and CYP450 family genes were down-regulated in somatic embryogenesis. In SE, the auxin content was significantly higher than the cytokinin content. The methyltransferase-related gene S-adenosylmethionine synthase (SAMS) and the flavonoid biosynthesis-related gene (ANS and F3'5'H) were down-regulated in somatic embryogenesis. The determination of flavonoids showed that rhoifolin and hyperoside had the highest content in SE. The results of transcriptome analysis were consistent with the relative expression of 8 candidate genes by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. CONCLUSION The results revealed that auxin and cytokinin may play a key role in 'Fengdan' somatic embryogenesis. The genes related to somatic embryogenesis were revealed, which has partly elucidated the molecular mechanism of somatic embryogenesis in 'Fengdan'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Zhang
- Agricultural college, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471023, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Hongxiao Zhang
- Agricultural college, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471023, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- National Peony Gene Bank, 471011, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Na Wang
- Agricultural college, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471023, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Agricultural college, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471023, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiaogai Hou
- Agricultural college, Henan University of Science and Technology, 471023, Luoyang, Henan, China.
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22
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Ahmad SF, Chandrababu Shailaja C, Vaishnav S, Kumar A, Gaur GK, Janga SC, Ahmad SM, Malla WA, Dutt T. Read-depth based approach on whole genome resequencing data reveals important insights into the copy number variation (CNV) map of major global buffalo breeds. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:616. [PMID: 37845620 PMCID: PMC10580622 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elucidating genome-wide structural variants including copy number variations (CNVs) have gained increased significance in recent times owing to their contribution to genetic diversity and association with important pathophysiological states. The present study aimed to elucidate the high-resolution CNV map of six different global buffalo breeds using whole genome resequencing data at two coverages (10X and 30X). Post-quality control, the sequence reads were aligned to the latest draft release of the Bubaline genome. The genome-wide CNVs were elucidated using a read-depth approach in CNVnator with different bin sizes. Adjacent CNVs were concatenated into copy number variation regions (CNVRs) in different breeds and their genomic coverage was elucidated. RESULTS Overall, the average size of CNVR was lower at 30X coverage, providing finer details. Most of the CNVRs were either deletion or duplication type while the occurrence of mixed events was lesser in number on a comparative basis in all breeds. The average CNVR size was lower at 30X coverage (0.201 Mb) as compared to 10X (0.013 Mb) with the finest variants in Banni buffaloes. The maximum number of CNVs was observed in Murrah (2627) and Pandharpuri (25,688) at 10X and 30X coverages, respectively. Whereas the minimum number of CNVs were scored in Surti at both coverages (2092 and 17,373). On the other hand, the highest and lowest number of CNVRs were scored in Jaffarabadi (833 and 10,179 events) and Surti (783 and 7553 events) at both coverages. Deletion events overnumbered duplications in all breeds at both coverages. Gene profiling of common overlapped genes and longest CNVRs provided important insights into the evolutionary history of these breeds and indicate the genomic regions under selection in respective breeds. CONCLUSION The present study is the first of its kind to elucidate the high-resolution CNV map in major buffalo populations using a read-depth approach on whole genome resequencing data. The results revealed important insights into the divergence of major global buffalo breeds along the evolutionary timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Firdous Ahmad
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - Celus Chandrababu Shailaja
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Sakshi Vaishnav
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Gyanendra Kumar Gaur
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Sarath Chandra Janga
- Luddy School of Informatics, Computing & Engineering, Indiana University Indianapolis (IUI), Indianapolis, 46202, USA
| | - Syed Mudasir Ahmad
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and AH, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India.
| | - Waseem Akram Malla
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Triveni Dutt
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
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23
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Ceron-Noriega A, Schoonenberg VAC, Butter F, Levin M. AlexandrusPS: A User-Friendly Pipeline for the Automated Detection of Orthologous Gene Clusters and Subsequent Positive Selection Analysis. Genome Biol Evol 2023; 15:evad187. [PMID: 37831426 PMCID: PMC10612477 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evad187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of adaptive selection in a system approach considering all protein-coding genes allows for the identification of mechanisms and pathways that enabled adaptation to different environments. Currently, available programs for the estimation of positive selection signals can be divided into two groups. They are either easy to apply but can analyze only one gene family at a time, restricting system analysis; or they can handle larger cohorts of gene families, but require considerable prerequisite data such as orthology associations, codon alignments, phylogenetic trees, and proper configuration files. All these steps require extensive computational expertise, restricting this endeavor to specialists. Here, we introduce AlexandrusPS, a high-throughput pipeline that overcomes technical challenges when conducting transcriptome-wide positive selection analyses on large sets of nucleotide and protein sequences. The pipeline streamlines 1) the execution of an accurate orthology prediction as a precondition for positive selection analysis, 2) preparing and organizing configuration files for CodeML, 3) performing positive selection analysis using CodeML, and 4) generating an output that is easy to interpret, including all maximum likelihood and log-likelihood test results. The only input needed from the user is the CDS and peptide FASTA files of proteins of interest. The pipeline is provided in a Docker image, requiring no program or module installation, enabling the application of the pipeline in any computing environment. AlexandrusPS and its documentation are available via GitHub (https://github.com/alejocn5/AlexandrusPS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Ceron-Noriega
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Quantitative Proteomics, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Human Genetics, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vivien A C Schoonenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Quantitative Proteomics, Mainz, Germany
- Present address: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
- Present address: Molecular Pathology Unit and Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Falk Butter
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Quantitative Proteomics, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michal Levin
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), Quantitative Proteomics, Mainz, Germany
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24
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Mohamadi SF, Babaeian Jelodar N, Bagheri N, Nematzadeh G, Hashemipetroudi SH. New insights into comprehensive analysis of magnesium transporter ( MGT) gene family in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). 3 Biotech 2023; 13:322. [PMID: 37649592 PMCID: PMC10462602 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03735-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium transporters (MGTs) regulate magnesium absorption, transport, and redistribution in higher plants. To investigate the role of the Oryza sativa MGTs gene family members under salt stress, this study analyzed the protein properties, gene structure, phylogenetic relationship, synteny patterns, expression, and co-expression networks of 23 non-redundant OsMGT. The evolutionary relationship of the OsMGT gene family was fully consistent with their functional domain, and were divided into three main classes based on the conserved domain: MMgT, CorA-like, and NIPA. The α/β patterns in the protein structures were highly similar in the CorA-like and NIPA members, with the conserved structures in the Mg2+-binding and catalytic regions. The CorA-like clade-related proteins demonstrated the highest numbers of protein channels with Pro, Ser, Lys, Gly, and Tyr, as the critical binding residues. The expression analysis of OsMGT genes in various tissues showed that MGTs' gene family may possess critical functions during rice development. Gene expression analysis of candidate OsMGT using reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) found that four OsMGT genes exhibited different expression patterns in salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice genotypes. We hypothesize that the OsMGT gene family members may be involved in responses to salt stress. These findings could be useful for further functional investigation of MGTs as well as defining their involvement in abiotic stress studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03735-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Fateme Mohamadi
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
| | - Nadali Babaeian Jelodar
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
| | - Nadali Bagheri
- Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran
| | - Ghorbanali Nematzadeh
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, 4818166996 Iran
| | - Seyyed Hamidreza Hashemipetroudi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biology, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan (GABIT), Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, 4818166996 Iran
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25
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McCulloch KJ, Babonis LS, Liu A, Daly CM, Martindale MQ, Koenig KM. Nematostella vectensis exemplifies the exceptional expansion and diversity of opsins in the eyeless Hexacorallia. EvoDevo 2023; 14:14. [PMID: 37735470 PMCID: PMC10512536 DOI: 10.1186/s13227-023-00218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Opsins are the primary proteins responsible for light detection in animals. Cnidarians (jellyfish, sea anemones, corals) have diverse visual systems that have evolved in parallel with bilaterians (squid, flies, fish) for hundreds of millions of years. Medusozoans (e.g., jellyfish, hydroids) have evolved eyes multiple times, each time independently incorporating distinct opsin orthologs. Anthozoans (e.g., corals, sea anemones,) have diverse light-mediated behaviors and, despite being eyeless, exhibit more extensive opsin duplications than medusozoans. To better understand the evolution of photosensitivity in animals without eyes, we increased anthozoan representation in the phylogeny of animal opsins and investigated the large but poorly characterized opsin family in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. RESULTS We analyzed genomic and transcriptomic data from 16 species of cnidarians to generate a large opsin phylogeny (708 sequences) with the largest sampling of anthozoan sequences to date. We identified 29 opsins from N. vectensis (NvOpsins) with high confidence, using transcriptomic and genomic datasets. We found that lineage-specific opsin duplications are common across Cnidaria, with anthozoan lineages exhibiting among the highest numbers of opsins in animals. To establish putative photosensory function of NvOpsins, we identified canonically conserved protein domains and amino acid sequences essential for opsin function in other animal species. We show high sequence diversity among NvOpsins at sites important for photoreception and transduction, suggesting potentially diverse functions. We further examined the spatiotemporal expression of NvOpsins and found both dynamic expression of opsins during embryonic development and sexually dimorphic opsin expression in adults. CONCLUSIONS These data show that lineage-specific duplication and divergence has led to expansive diversity of opsins in eyeless cnidarians, suggesting opsins from these animals may exhibit novel biochemical functions. The variable expression patterns of opsins in N. vectensis suggest opsin gene duplications allowed for a radiation of unique sensory cell types with tissue- and stage-specific functions. This diffuse network of distinct sensory cell types could be an adaptive solution for varied sensory tasks experienced in distinct life history stages in Anthozoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J McCulloch
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Leslie S Babonis
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Whitney Lab for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Alicia Liu
- John Harvard Distinguished Science Fellowship Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA , 02138, , USA
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Christina M Daly
- John Harvard Distinguished Science Fellowship Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA , 02138, , USA
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Mark Q Martindale
- Whitney Lab for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, St. Augustine, FL, 32080, USA
| | - Kristen M Koenig
- John Harvard Distinguished Science Fellowship Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA , 02138, , USA.
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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26
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Yadav VK, Jalmi SK, Tiwari S, Kerkar S. Deciphering shared attributes of plant long non-coding RNAs through a comparative computational approach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15101. [PMID: 37699996 PMCID: PMC10497521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42420-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), which lacks protein-coding potential, has emerged as an essential regulator of the genome. The present study examined 13,599 lncRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana, 11,565 in Oryza sativa, and 32,397 in Zea mays for their characteristic features and explored the associated genomic and epigenomic features. We found lncRNAs were distributed throughout the chromosomes and the Helitron family of transposable elements (TEs) enriched, while the terminal inverted repeat depleted in lncRNA transcribing regions. Our analyses determined that lncRNA transcribing regions show rare or weak signals for most epigenetic marks except for H3K9me2 and cytosine methylation in all three plant species. LncRNAs showed preferential localization in the nucleus and cytoplasm; however, the distribution ratio in the cytoplasm and nucleus varies among the studied plant species. We identified several conserved endogenous target mimic sites in the lncRNAs among the studied plants. We found 233, 301, and 273 unique miRNAs, potentially targeting the lncRNAs of A. thaliana, O. sativa, and Z. mays, respectively. Our study has revealed that miRNAs, which interact with lncRNAs, target genes that are involved in a diverse array of biological and molecular processes. The miRNA-targeted lncRNAs displayed a strong affinity for several transcription factors, including ERF and BBR-BPC, mutually present in all three plants, advocating their conserved functions. Overall, the present study showed that plant lncRNAs exhibit conserved genomic and epigenomic characteristics and potentially govern the growth and development of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar Yadav
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa, 403206, India.
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Siddhi Kashinath Jalmi
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa, 403206, India
| | - Shalini Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, 74078, OK, USA
| | - Savita Kerkar
- School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa, 403206, India
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27
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Zhang R, Wu H, Li Y, Huang Z, Yin Z, Yang CX, Du ZQ. GWLD: an R package for genome-wide linkage disequilibrium analysis. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2023; 13:jkad154. [PMID: 37431944 PMCID: PMC10468308 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkad154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis is fundamental to the investigation of the genetic architecture of complex traits (e.g. human disease, animal and plant breeding) and population structure and evolution dynamics. However, until now, studies primarily focus on LD status between genetic variants located on the same chromosome. Moreover, genome (re)sequencing produces unprecedented numbers of genetic variants, and fast LD computation becomes a challenge. Here, we have developed GWLD, a parallelized and generalized tool designed for the rapid genome-wide calculation of LD values, including conventional D/D', r2, and (reduced) mutual information (MI and RMI) measures. LD between genetic variants within and across chromosomes can be rapidly computed and visualized in either an R package or a standalone C++ software package. To evaluate the accuracy and speed of LD calculation, we conducted comparisons using 4 real datasets. Interchromosomal LD patterns observed potentially reflect levels of selection intensity across different species. Both versions of GWLD, the R package (https://github.com/Rong-Zh/GWLD/GWLD-R) and the standalone C++ software (https://github.com/Rong-Zh/GWLD/GWLD-C++), are freely available on GitHub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Huaxuan Wu
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Yasai Li
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Zehang Huang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Zongjun Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Cai-Xia Yang
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Du
- College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei, China
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Nagy L, Vonk P, Künzler M, Földi C, Virágh M, Ohm R, Hennicke F, Bálint B, Csernetics Á, Hegedüs B, Hou Z, Liu X, Nan S, Pareek M, Sahu N, Szathmári B, Varga T, Wu H, Yang X, Merényi Z. Lessons on fruiting body morphogenesis from genomes and transcriptomes of Agaricomycetes. Stud Mycol 2023; 104:1-85. [PMID: 37351542 PMCID: PMC10282164 DOI: 10.3114/sim.2022.104.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Fruiting bodies (sporocarps, sporophores or basidiomata) of mushroom-forming fungi (Agaricomycetes) are among the most complex structures produced by fungi. Unlike vegetative hyphae, fruiting bodies grow determinately and follow a genetically encoded developmental program that orchestrates their growth, tissue differentiation and sexual sporulation. In spite of more than a century of research, our understanding of the molecular details of fruiting body morphogenesis is still limited and a general synthesis on the genetics of this complex process is lacking. In this paper, we aim at a comprehensive identification of conserved genes related to fruiting body morphogenesis and distil novel functional hypotheses for functionally poorly characterised ones. As a result of this analysis, we report 921 conserved developmentally expressed gene families, only a few dozens of which have previously been reported to be involved in fruiting body development. Based on literature data, conserved expression patterns and functional annotations, we provide hypotheses on the potential role of these gene families in fruiting body development, yielding the most complete description of molecular processes in fruiting body morphogenesis to date. We discuss genes related to the initiation of fruiting, differentiation, growth, cell surface and cell wall, defence, transcriptional regulation as well as signal transduction. Based on these data we derive a general model of fruiting body development, which includes an early, proliferative phase that is mostly concerned with laying out the mushroom body plan (via cell division and differentiation), and a second phase of growth via cell expansion as well as meiotic events and sporulation. Altogether, our discussions cover 1 480 genes of Coprinopsis cinerea, and their orthologs in Agaricus bisporus, Cyclocybe aegerita, Armillaria ostoyae, Auriculariopsis ampla, Laccaria bicolor, Lentinula edodes, Lentinus tigrinus, Mycena kentingensis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus, and Schizophyllum commune, providing functional hypotheses for ~10 % of genes in the genomes of these species. Although experimental evidence for the role of these genes will need to be established in the future, our data provide a roadmap for guiding functional analyses of fruiting related genes in the Agaricomycetes. We anticipate that the gene compendium presented here, combined with developments in functional genomics approaches will contribute to uncovering the genetic bases of one of the most spectacular multicellular developmental processes in fungi. Citation: Nagy LG, Vonk PJ, Künzler M, Földi C, Virágh M, Ohm RA, Hennicke F, Bálint B, Csernetics Á, Hegedüs B, Hou Z, Liu XB, Nan S, M. Pareek M, Sahu N, Szathmári B, Varga T, Wu W, Yang X, Merényi Z (2023). Lessons on fruiting body morphogenesis from genomes and transcriptomes of Agaricomycetes. Studies in Mycology 104: 1-85. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.104.01.
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Affiliation(s)
- L.G. Nagy
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - P.J. Vonk
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - M. Künzler
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - C. Földi
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - M. Virágh
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - R.A. Ohm
- Microbiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - F. Hennicke
- Project Group Genetics and Genomics of Fungi, Chair Evolution of Plants and Fungi, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780, Bochum, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany;
| | - B. Bálint
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - Á. Csernetics
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - B. Hegedüs
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - Z. Hou
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - X.B. Liu
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - S. Nan
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, PR China
| | - M. Pareek
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - N. Sahu
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - B. Szathmári
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - T. Varga
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - H. Wu
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
| | - X. Yang
- Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Z. Merényi
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Biological Research Center, Szeged, 6726, Hungary;
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29
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Cai H, Liu X, Liu D, Liu B. GEO data mining identifies potential immune-related genes in hypertrophic scar and verities in a rabbit model. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17266. [PMID: 37455989 PMCID: PMC10338295 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Hypertrophic scar (HTS), the secondary major abnormal tissue after wound healing, is the most frequent and severe type of skin scar. Dysregulated immune response plays an important role in HTS formation. In this study, we identified the potential immune-related genes in HTS and explored their potential therapeutic significance. Methods We first screened out the potential immune-related genes in HTS microarrays via bioinformatics analysis using public datasets. We then constructed a rabbit model of ear scar to investigate the morphological features of HTS and verify the basic expression of potential immune-related genes in HTS tissue. Finally, we used AlphaFold to determine the protein homology between human and rabbit scar tissues. Results Bioinformatics analysis revealed 22 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and a single differential infiltration of immune cells (naïve B cells) in HTS and normal tissues. Six of the DEGs were correlated with naïve B cell numerically. CCL2, PLXDC2 and FOXF2 were expressed in rabbit ear scar model. PLXDC2 and FOXF2 showed relatively high homology between human and rabbit scar tissues. Conclusions PLXDC2 and FOXF2, both closely related to immune cell infiltration and specifically expressed in HTS, represent potential therapeutic targets in HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cai
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical University Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, 100142, China
- Air Force Clinical College, Anhui Medical University Beijing, 100142, China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Surgery, Central Medical Branch of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100120, China
| | - Dingbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bin Liu
- .Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China
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30
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Abel SM, Hong Z, Williams D, Ireri S, Brown MQ, Su T, Hung KY, Henke JA, Barton JP, Le Roch KG. Small RNA sequencing of field Culex mosquitoes identifies patterns of viral infection and the mosquito immune response. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10598. [PMID: 37391513 PMCID: PMC10313667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37571-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne disease remains a significant burden on global health. In the United States, the major threat posed by mosquitoes is transmission of arboviruses, including West Nile virus by mosquitoes of the Culex genus. Virus metagenomic analysis of mosquito small RNA using deep sequencing and advanced bioinformatic tools enables the rapid detection of viruses and other infecting organisms, both pathogenic and non-pathogenic to humans, without any precedent knowledge. In this study, we sequenced small RNA samples from over 60 pools of Culex mosquitoes from two major areas of Southern California from 2017 to 2019 to elucidate the virome and immune responses of Culex. Our results demonstrated that small RNAs not only allowed the detection of viruses but also revealed distinct patterns of viral infection based on location, Culex species, and time. We also identified miRNAs that are most likely involved in Culex immune responses to viruses and Wolbachia bacteria, and show the utility of using small RNA to detect antiviral immune pathways including piRNAs against some pathogens. Collectively, these findings show that deep sequencing of small RNA can be used for virus discovery and surveillance. One could also conceive that such work could be accomplished in various locations across the world and over time to better understand patterns of mosquito infection and immune response to many vector-borne diseases in field samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Abel
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Center for Infection Disease and Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Zhenchen Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Desiree Williams
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Center for Infection Disease and Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Sally Ireri
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Center for Infection Disease and Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Michelle Q Brown
- West Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Ontario, CA, 91761, USA
| | - Tianyun Su
- West Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Ontario, CA, 91761, USA
| | - Kim Y Hung
- Coachella Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Indio, CA, 92201, USA
| | - Jennifer A Henke
- Coachella Valley Mosquito & Vector Control District, Indio, CA, 92201, USA
| | - John P Barton
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Karine G Le Roch
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, Center for Infection Disease and Vector Research, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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31
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Jin X, Yu FB, Yan J, Weakley AM, Dubinkina V, Meng X, Pollard KS. Culturing of a complex gut microbial community in mucin-hydrogel carriers reveals strain- and gene-associated spatial organization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3510. [PMID: 37316519 PMCID: PMC10267222 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial community function depends on both taxonomic composition and spatial organization. While composition of the human gut microbiome has been deeply characterized, less is known about the organization of microbes between regions such as lumen and mucosa and the microbial genes regulating this organization. Using a defined 117 strain community for which we generate high-quality genome assemblies, we model mucosa/lumen organization with in vitro cultures incorporating mucin hydrogel carriers as surfaces for bacterial attachment. Metagenomic tracking of carrier cultures reveals increased diversity and strain-specific spatial organization, with distinct strains enriched on carriers versus liquid supernatant, mirroring mucosa/lumen enrichment in vivo. A comprehensive search for microbial genes associated with this spatial organization identifies candidates with known adhesion-related functions, as well as novel links. These findings demonstrate that carrier cultures of defined communities effectively recapitulate fundamental aspects of gut spatial organization, enabling identification of key microbial strains and genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Jin
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jia Yan
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Xiandong Meng
- Sarafan ChEM-H Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katherine S Pollard
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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32
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Cai W, Hu J, Fan W, Xu Y, Tang J, Xie M, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Zhou Z, Hou S. Strategies to improve genomic predictions for 35 duck carcass traits in an F 2 population. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:74. [PMID: 37147656 PMCID: PMC10163724 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcass traits are crucial for broiler ducks, but carcass traits can only be measured postmortem. Genomic selection (GS) is an effective approach in animal breeding to improve selection and reduce costs. However, the performance of genomic prediction in duck carcass traits remains largely unknown. RESULTS In this study, we estimated the genetic parameters, performed GS using different models and marker densities, and compared the estimation performance between GS and conventional BLUP on 35 carcass traits in an F2 population of ducks. Most of the cut weight traits and intestine length traits were estimated to be high and moderate heritabilities, respectively, while the heritabilities of percentage slaughter traits were dynamic. The reliability of genome prediction using GBLUP increased by an average of 0.06 compared to the conventional BLUP method. The Permutation studies revealed that 50K markers had achieved ideal prediction reliability, while 3K markers still achieved 90.7% predictive capability would further reduce the cost for duck carcass traits. The genomic relationship matrix normalized by our true variance method instead of the widely used [Formula: see text] could achieve an increase in prediction reliability in most traits. We detected most of the bayesian models had a better performance, especially for BayesN. Compared to GBLUP, BayesN can further improve the predictive reliability with an average of 0.06 for duck carcass traits. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates genomic selection for duck carcass traits is promising. The genomic prediction can be further improved by modifying the genomic relationship matrix using our proposed true variance method and several Bayesian models. Permutation study provides a theoretical basis for the fact that low-density arrays can be used to reduce genotype costs in duck genome selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Cai
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266108, China
| | - Wenlei Fan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yaxi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunsheng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhanbao Guo
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhengkui Zhou
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuisheng Hou
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Li X, Zhang F, Sun Y, Sun D, Yang F, Liu Y, Hou Z. A novel candidate gene CLN8 regulates fat deposition in avian. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:70. [PMID: 37121996 PMCID: PMC10150489 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fat deposition has a crucial role in animal meat flavor, and fat deposition-related traits are vital for breeding in the commercial duck industry. Avian fat-related traits are typical complex phenotypes, which need a large amount of data to analyze the genetic loci. RESULTS In this study, we performed a new phenotypic analysis of fat traits and genotyped whole-genome variations for 1,246 ducks, and combed with previous GWAS data to reach 1,880 ducks for following analysis. The carcass composition traits, subcutaneous fat weight (SFW), subcutaneous fat percentage (SFP), abdominal fat weight (AFW), abdominal fat percentage (AFP) and the body weight of day 42 (BW42) for each duck were collected. We identified a set of new loci that affect the traits related to fat deposition in avian. Among these loci, ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 8 (CLN8) is a novel candidate gene controlling fat deposition. We investigated its novel function and regulation in avian adipogenesis. Five significant SNPs (the most significant SNP, P-value = 21.37E-12) and a single haplotype were detected in the upstream of CLN8 for subcutaneous fat percentage. Subsequently, luciferase assay demonstrated that 5 linked SNPs in the upstream of the CLN8 gene significantly decreased the transcriptional activity of CLN8. Further, ATAC-seq analysis showed that transcription factor binding sites were identified in a region close to the haplotype. A set of luciferase reporter gene vectors that contained different deletion fragments of the CLN8 promoter were constructed, and the core promoter area of CLN8 was finally identified in the -1,884/-1,207 bp region of the 5' flanking sequences, which contains adipogenesis-related transcription factors binding sites. Moreover, the over-expression of CLN8 can remarkably facilitate adipocyte differentiation in ICPs. Consistent with these, the global transcriptome profiling and functional analysis of the over-expressed CLN8 in the cell line further revealed that the lipid biosynthetic process during the adipogenesis was significantly enriched. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that CLN8 is a positive regulator of avian adipocyte differentiation. These findings identify a novel function of CLN8 in adipocyte differentiation, which provides important clues for the further study of the mechanism of avian fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunxiao Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fangxi Yang
- Beijing Nankou Duck Breeding Inc, Beijing, 100076, China
| | - Yongtong Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhuocheng Hou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, MARA, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Wu Z, Fu D, Gao X, Zeng Q, Chen X, Wu J, Zhang N. Characterization and expression profiles of the B-box gene family during plant growth and under low-nitrogen stress in Saccharum. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:79. [PMID: 36800937 PMCID: PMC9936747 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B-box (BBX) zinc-finger transcription factors play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. Nevertheless, little information is available on sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) BBX genes and their expression profiles. RESULTS In the present study, we characterized 25 SsBBX genes in the Saccharum spontaneum genome database. The phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, and expression patterns of these genes during plant growth and under low-nitrogen conditions were systematically analyzed. The SsBBXs were divided into five groups based on phylogenetic analysis. The evolutionary analysis further revealed that whole-genome duplications or segmental duplications were the main driving force for the expansion of the SsBBX gene family. The expression data suggested that many BBX genes (e.g., SsBBX1 and SsBBX13) may be helpful in both plant growth and low-nitrogen stress tolerance. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study offer new evolutionary insight into the BBX family members in how sugarcane grows and responds to stress, which will facilitate their utilization in cultivated sugarcane breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Wu
- grid.464309.c0000 0004 6431 5677Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Centre, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316 Guangdong China
| | - Danwen Fu
- grid.464309.c0000 0004 6431 5677Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Centre, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316 Guangdong China
| | - Xiaoning Gao
- grid.464309.c0000 0004 6431 5677Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Centre, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316 Guangdong China ,grid.464309.c0000 0004 6431 5677Zhanjiang Research Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Zhanjiang, 524300 Guangdong China
| | - Qiaoying Zeng
- grid.464309.c0000 0004 6431 5677Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Centre, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316 Guangdong China
| | - Xinglong Chen
- grid.464309.c0000 0004 6431 5677Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Centre, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316 Guangdong China
| | - Jiayun Wu
- grid.464309.c0000 0004 6431 5677Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Centre, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316 Guangdong China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Centre, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, Guangdong, China.
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Full-length transcriptome from different life stages of cobia (Rachycentron canadum, Rachycentridae). Sci Data 2023; 10:97. [PMID: 36797271 PMCID: PMC9935508 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01907-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cobia (Rachycentron canadum, Rachycentridae) is one of the prospective species for mariculture. The transcriptome-based study on cobia was hampered by an inadequate reference genome and a lack of full-length cDNAs. We used a long-read based sequencing technology (PacBio Sequel II Iso-Seq3 SMRT) to obtain complete transcriptome sequences from larvae, juveniles, and various tissues of adult cobia, and a single SMRTcell generated 99 gigabytes of data and 51,205,946,694 bases. A total of 8609435, 7441673 and 9140164 subreads were generated from the larval, juvenile, and adult sample pools, with mean sub-read lengths of 2109.9, 1988.2 and 1996.2 bp, respectively. All samples were combined to increase transcript recovery and clustered into 35661 high-quality reads. This is the first report on a full-length transcriptome from R. canadum. Our results illustrate a significant increase in the identified amount of cobia LncRNAs and alternatively spliced transcripts, which will help improve genome annotation. Furthermore, this information will be beneficial for nutrigenomics and functional studies on cobia and other commercially important mariculture species.
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36
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Changes in quality properties and volatile compounds of different cultivars of green plum (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) during ripening. Eur Food Res Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-023-04207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Naldurtiker A, Batchu P, Kouakou B, Terrill TH, McCommon GW, Kannan G. Differential gene expression analysis using RNA-seq in the blood of goats exposed to transportation stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1984. [PMID: 36737466 PMCID: PMC9898539 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transportation stress causes significant changes in physiological responses in goats; however, studies exploring the transcriptome of stress are very limited. The objective of this study was to determine the differential gene expressions and related pathways in the blood samples using RNA-seq procedure in Spanish goats subjected to different durations of transportation stress. Fifty-four male Spanish goats (8-mo old; BW = 29.7 ± 2.03 kg) were randomly subjected to one of three treatments (TRT; n = 18 goats/treatment): (1) transported for 180 min, (2) transported for 30 min, or (3) held in pens (control). Blood samples were collected before and after treatment for stress hormone, metabolite, and transcriptomic analysis. RNA-seq technology was used to obtain the transcriptome profiles of blood. Analysis of physiological data using SAS showed that plasma cortisol concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in 180 min and 30 min groups compared to the control group. Enrichment analysis of DEGs related to transportation stress through Gene Ontology and KEGG databases revealed that the differentially expressed genes related to inflammatory pathways, caspases, and apoptosis such as IL1R2, CASP14, CD14, TLR4, and MAPK14 were highly enriched in the transported group of goats compared to non-transported goats. Stress in goats leads to a sequence of events at cellular and molecular levels that causes inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Naldurtiker
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Phaneendra Batchu
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Brou Kouakou
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Thomas H Terrill
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - George W McCommon
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Govind Kannan
- Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA.
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Qiao N, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang D, Chi W, Li J, Zhu X, Liu H, Li F. Antagonism of tomato spotted wilt virus against tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Nicotiana benthamiana detected by transcriptome analysis. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:23-37. [PMID: 36371493 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-022-01325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato spot wilt virus (TSWV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) are highly harmful viruses in agricultural production, which can cause serious economic losses to crops and even devastating consequences for vegetable yield in some countries and regions. Although the two viruses belong to different families and have different transmission vectors, they share most hosts. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the transcriptomic expression of single and mixed inoculations of TSWV and TYLCV, leading to antagonism using high-throughput RNA sequencing. METHODS We confirmed the single and mixed infections of these viruses in Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana) by artificial inoculation. And the expression changes of related genes and their biological functions and pathways during the mixed infection of TSWV and TYLCV were analyzed by comparative transcriptome. RESULTS Basically, similar symptoms were observed in the plants singly infected with TSWV and co-infected with TYLCV; the symptoms of TYLCV in the co-infected plants were not obvious compared with single TYLCV infections. When inoculated with TYLCV, the accumulation of the virus significantly reduced in single and mixed infections with TSWV; the TSWV accumulated slightly less in co-infection with TYLCV, whereas this reduction was much smaller than that of TYLCV. The results suggested that TSWV had an antagonistic effect on the accumulation of TYLCV in N. benthamiana. It mainly focused on the changes in unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by the co-infection of TSWV and TYLCV. The eight pathways enriched by upregulated DEGs mainly included amino acid biosynthesis, citrate cycle (or tricarboxylic acid cycle, TCA cycle), and so on. However, only pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and peptidoglycan biosynthesis could be downregulated in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway in which peptidoglycan biosynthesis was involved in upregulated and downregulated pathways. CONCLUSIONS The antagonistic effect of TSWV on TYLCV in N.benthamiana and the change trends and specific pathways of DEGs in this process were found. Our study provided new insights into the host regulation and competition between viruses in response to TSWV and TYLCV mixed infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Qiao
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China.,College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yongguang Liu
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Dezhen Zhang
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjuan Chi
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Jintang Li
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Fajun Li
- Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, Shandong, China
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Liang S, Guo Z, Luo D, Tang J, Ji Z, Xie M, Hou S. Two variants of AUTS2 gene are associated with high lean meat percentage in Pekin ducks. Gene X 2023; 848:146864. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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40
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Senevirathna JD, Yonezawa R, Saka T, Hiramatsu Y, Smith AR, Igarashi Y, Yoshitake K, Kinoshita S, Funasaka N, Asakawa S. Draft genome sequencing and assembly of Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus. J Genomics 2023; 11:9-13. [PMID: 36632052 PMCID: PMC9830294 DOI: 10.7150/jgen.78761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus) is one of the migratory marine mammals and they have commonly dispersed in tropical and temperate seas. It is a least concerned species in the IUCN red list of threatened species. However, their population size and factors affecting their population structure are unknown. Due to the wide distribution of this species, their populations might be genetically stable and less structured. To support genetic studies on dolphins and other marine mammals, we assembled the draft genome of Risso's dolphin that was found in Japan. The tissue samples were used to extract high molecular DNA and subjected to sequencing by Illumina HiSeq X, Oxford Nanopore MinION, and Bionano Saphyr. The assembled hybrid genome was 75.9% of complete eukaryotic BUSCOs and the genome size was 2.256 Gb with 2.042 Mb of scaffold N50. De novo assembly of this genome by Bionano Saphyr recovered 2.036 Gb total genome map length and structural variations. The gene structures of this draft genome were identified by BRAKER2, and 9947 genes were recovered. The data will be useful for future studies of cetaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayan D.M. Senevirathna
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture, Uva Wellassa University, Sri Lanka
| | - Ryo Yonezawa
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Saka
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Hiramatsu
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ashley Rinka Smith
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Igarashi
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Yoshitake
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeharu Kinoshita
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Funasaka
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan
| | - Shuichi Asakawa
- Laboratory of Aquatic Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Ozaki T, Minami A, Oikawa H. Recent advances in the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides of fungal origin. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2023; 76:3-13. [PMID: 36424516 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-022-00576-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are growing class of natural products with potent biological activities. Although the core scaffolds of RiPPs are composed of proteinogenic amino acids, remarkable structural diversity is generated through posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of precursor peptides. In addition, ribosomal origin of biosynthetic precursors enables supply of its analogs through genetic approach such as site-directed mutagenesis on corresponding genes. As PTM enzymes often exhibit substrate tolerance, RiPP biosynthetic machineries are considered as efficient tools for generation of unique peptide derivatives. RiPP pathways are distributed among all domains of life and those derived from bacteria and plants have been known for decades. In contrast, fungal RiPPs (F-RiPPs) have fewer examples. Amatoxins and omphalotins are F-RiPPs produced by Basidiomycota fungi. In the biosynthesis of these compounds, macrocyclization by prolyl oligopeptidase homologs and N-methylations of back bone amides have been characterized, respectively. Ustiloxins and related compounds are another group of F-RiPPs with characteristic macrocyclic ethers. UstYa family proteins, which are fungi-specific putative oxidases, have been identified as common proteins involved in PTMs of these compounds. Despite a limited number of characterized examples, recent progress in sequencing of fungal genomes indicated that a number of RiPP pathways are hidden in fungal resources, making F-RiPPs as attractive target for genome mining studies while more detailed understandings of key biosynthetic enzymes are still necessary. This review seeks to describe recent advances on the F-RiPP biosynthesis with slight emphasis on the function of UstYa family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taro Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Atsushi Minami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hideaki Oikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan. .,Innovation Center of Marine Biotechnology and Pharmaceuticals, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, Guangdong, China.
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Jadhav P, Karande M, Sarkar A, Sahu S, Sarmah D, Datta A, Chaudhary A, Kalia K, Sharma A, Wang X, Bhattacharya P. Glial Cells Response in Stroke. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:99-113. [PMID: 35066715 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As the second-leading cause of death, stroke faces several challenges in terms of treatment because of the limited therapeutic interventions available. Previous studies primarily focused on metabolic and blood flow properties as a target for treating stroke, including recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and mechanical thrombectomy, which are the only USFDA approved therapies. These interventions have the limitation of a narrow therapeutic time window, the possibility of hemorrhagic complications, and the expertise required for performing these interventions. Thus, it is important to identify the contributing factors that exacerbate the ischemic outcome and to develop therapies targeting them for regulating cellular homeostasis, mainly neuronal survival and regeneration. Glial cells, primarily microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, have been shown to have a crucial role in the prognosis of ischemic brain injury, contributing to inflammatory responses. They play a dual role in both the onset as well as resolution of the inflammatory responses. Understanding the different mechanisms driving these effects can aid in the development of therapeutic targets and further mitigate the damage caused. In this review, we summarize the functions of various glial cells and their contribution to stroke pathology. The review highlights the therapeutic options currently being explored and developed that primarily target glial cells and can be used as neuroprotective agents for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Jadhav
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Mayuri Karande
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Abhishek Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Shubhrakanta Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Deepaneeta Sarmah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Aishika Datta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Antra Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Arvind Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Zydus Hospital, Ahmedabad, 380054, Gujarat, India
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Pallab Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
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Karam A, El-Assal SEDS, Hussein BA, Atia MAM. Transcriptome data mining towards characterization of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) controlling salinity tolerance in bread wheat. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2081516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Karam
- Genome Mapping Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | - Mohamed Atia Mohamed Atia
- Genome Mapping Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
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dos Santos CG, Sousa MF, Vieira JIG, de Morais LR, Fernandes AAS, de Oliveira Littiere T, Itajara Otto P, Machado MA, Silva MVGB, Bonafé CM, Braga Magalhães AF, Verardo LL. Candidate genes for tick resistance in cattle: a systematic review combining post-GWAS analyses with sequencing data. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2022.2096035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cassiane Gomes dos Santos
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Mariele Freitas Sousa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - João Inácio Gomes Vieira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Luana Rafaela de Morais
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pamela Itajara Otto
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristina Moreira Bonafé
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Lima Verardo
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
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Blood-based gene expression as non-lethal tool for inferring salinity-habitat history of European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Sci Rep 2022; 12:22142. [PMID: 36550161 PMCID: PMC9780358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The European eel is a facultative catadromous species, meaning that it can skip the freshwater phase or move between marine and freshwater habitats during its continental life stage. Otolith microchemistry, used to determine the habitat use of eel or its salinity history, requires the sacrifice of animals. In this context, blood-based gene expression may represent a non-lethal alternative. In this work, we tested the ability of blood transcriptional profiling to identify the different salinity-habitat histories of European eel. Eels collected from different locations in Norway were classified through otolith microchemistry as freshwater residents (FWR), seawater residents (SWR) or inter-habitat shifters (IHS). We detected 3451 differentially expressed genes from blood by comparing FWR and SWR groups, and then used that subset of genes in a machine learning approach (i.e., random forest) to the extended FWR, SWR, and IHS group. Random forest correctly classified 100% of FWR and SWR and 83% of the IHS using a minimum of 30 genes. The implementation of this non-lethal approach may replace otolith-based microchemistry analysis for the general assessment of life-history tactics in European eels. Overall, this approach is promising for the replacement or reduction of other lethal analyses in determining certain fish traits.
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Wang Y, Wu J, Wang L, Yang P, Liu Z, Rajput SA, Hassan M, Qi D. Epigallocatechin Gallate and Glutathione Attenuate Aflatoxin B 1-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Ducklings via Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis and the Nrf2 Signalling Pathway. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:876. [PMID: 36548773 PMCID: PMC9782748 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exists widely in feed and food with severe hazards, posing a serious threat to human and animal health. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and glutathione (GSH) have been reported as having anti-oxidative and other functions. The present study aimed to investigate the detoxification effect of EGCG and GSH alone or in combination on AFB1 exposure in ducklings. Fifty one-day-old male ducklings were randomly assigned into five experimental groups (n = 10): 1. Control (CTR); 2. 0.3 mg/kg BW AFB1 (AFB1); 3. 0.3 mg/kg BW AFB1 + 100 mg/kg BW EGCG (AFB1 + EGCG); 4. 0.3 mg/kg BW AFB1 + 30 mg/kg BW GSH (AFB1 + GSH); 5. 0.3 mg/kg BW AFB1 + 100 mg/kg BW EGCG + 30 mg/kg BW GSH (AFB1 + EGCG + GSH). The experiment lasted for seven days. Compared with the CTR group, AFB1 reduced growth performance, total serum protein and albumin content, increased serum enzyme activity (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase), and caused pathological damage to the ducklings' livers. AFB1 exposure increased malondialdehyde content and decreased superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and glutathione content in the liver. EGCG and GSH alone or in combination mitigated these adverse effects. Meanwhile, EGCG and GSH attenuate apoptosis of hepatocytes, and regulated AFB1-induced changes in the abundance of genes contained in the Keap1/Nrf2 signalling and apoptotic pathways. Collectively, these results suggest that EGCG and GSH alleviate the hepatocyte injury induced by AFB1 by inhibiting oxidative stress and attenuating excessive mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiayu Wu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lingfeng Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zuhong Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430208, China
| | - Shahid Ali Rajput
- Department of Animal Feed and Production, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Mubashar Hassan
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Desheng Qi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Liu R, Zou P, Yan ZY, Chen X. Identification, classification, and expression profile analysis of heat shock transcription factor gene family in Salvia miltiorrhiza. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14464. [PMID: 36523473 PMCID: PMC9745953 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to abiotic stresses, transcription factors are essential. Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), which control gene expression, serve as essential regulators of plant growth, development, and stress response. As a model medicinal plant, Salvia miltiorrhiza is a crucial component in the treatment of cardiovascular illnesses. But throughout its growth cycle, S.miltiorrhiza is exposed to a series of abiotic challenges, including heat and drought. In this study, 35 HSF genes were identified based on genome sequencing of Salvia miltiorrhiza utilizing bioinformatics techniques. Additionally, 35 genes were classified into three groups by phylogeny and gene structural analysis, comprising 22 HSFA, 11 HSFB, and two HSFC. The distribution and sequence analysis of motif showed that SmHSFs were relatively conservative. In SmHSF genes, analysis of the promoter region revealed the presence of many cis-acting elements linked to stress, hormones, and growth and development, suggesting that these factors have regulatory roles. The majority of SmHSFs were expressed in response to heat and drought stress, according to combined transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses. In conclusion, this study looked at the SmHSF gene family using genome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, sequence characterization, and expression analysis. This research serves as a foundation for further investigations into the role of HSF genes and their molecular mechanisms in plant stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicinal Resources in Southwest, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peijin Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicinal Resources in Southwest, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhu-Yun Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicinal Resources in Southwest, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicinal Resources in Southwest, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Gowda SA, Shrestha N, Harris TM, Phillips AZ, Fang H, Sood S, Zhang K, Bourland F, Bart R, Kuraparthy V. Identification and genomic characterization of major effect bacterial blight resistance locus (BB-13) in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:4421-4436. [PMID: 36208320 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Identification and genomic characterization of major resistance locus against cotton bacterial blight (CBB) using GWAS and linkage mapping to enable genomics-based development of durable CBB resistance and gene discovery in cotton. Cotton bacterial leaf blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. malvacearum (Xcm), has periodically been a damaging disease in the USA. Identification and deployment of genetic resistance in cotton cultivars is the most economical and efficient means of reducing crop losses due to CBB. In the current study, genome-wide association study (GWAS) of CBB resistance using an elite diversity panel of 380 accessions, genotyped with the cotton single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 63 K array, and phenotyped with race-18 of CBB, localized the CBB resistance to a 2.01-Mb region in the long arm of chromosome D02. Molecular genetic mapping using an F6 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population showed the CBB resistance in cultivar Arkot 8102 was controlled by a single locus (BB-13). The BB-13 locus was mapped within the 0.95-cM interval near the telomeric region in the long arm of chromosome D02. Flanking SNP markers, i04890Gh and i04907Gh of the BB-13 locus, identified from the combined linkage analysis and GWAS, targeted it to a 371-Kb genomic region. Candidate gene analysis identified thirty putative gene sequences in the targeted genomic region. Nine of these putative genes and two NBS-LRR genes adjacent to the targeted region were putatively involved in plant disease resistance and are possible candidate genes for BB-13 locus. Genetic mapping and genomic targeting of the BB13 locus in the current study will help in cloning the CBB-resistant gene and establishing the molecular genetic architecture of the BB-13 locus towards developing durable resistance to CBB in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Anjan Gowda
- Crop & Soil Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Navin Shrestha
- Crop & Soil Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Taylor M Harris
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
- Division of Biology & Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Anne Z Phillips
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Hui Fang
- Crop & Soil Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Shilpa Sood
- Crop & Soil Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Kuang Zhang
- Crop & Soil Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Fred Bourland
- NE Research & Extension Center, Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Keiser, AR, 72351, USA
| | - Rebecca Bart
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Vasu Kuraparthy
- Crop & Soil Sciences Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.
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Ren W, Chen L, Xie ZM, Peng X. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed pathways involved in improved salt tolerance of Gossypium hirsutum L. seedlings in response to exogenous melatonin application. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:552. [PMID: 36451095 PMCID: PMC9710056 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinization is major abiotic stress limiting cotton production. Melatonin (MT) has been implicated in salt stress tolerance in multiple crops including upland cotton. Here, we explored the transcriptomic and metabolomic response of a salt-tolerant self-bred high-yielding cotton line SDS-01, which was exogenously sprayed with four MT concentrations (50, 100, 200, and 500 μM). RESULTS Here we found that MT improves plant biomass and growth under salt stress. The combined transcriptome sequencing and metabolome profiling approach revealed that photosynthetic efficiency is improved by increasing the expressions of chlorophyll metabolism and antenna proteins in MT-treated seedlings. Additionally, linoleic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis were improved after MT treatment. The Na+/K+ homeostasis-related genes were increasingly expressed in salt-stressed seedlings treated with MT as compared to the ones experiencing only salt stress. Melatonin treatment activated a cascade of plant-hormone signal transduction and reactive oxygen scavenging genes to alleviate the detrimental effects of salt stress. The global metabolome profile revealed an increased accumulation of flavonoids, organic acids, amino acids and derivatives, saccharides, and phenolic acids in MT-treated seedlings. Interestingly, N, N'-Diferuloylputrescine a known antioxidative compound was highly accumulated after MT treatment. CONCLUSION Collectively, our study concludes that MT is a salt stress regulator in upland cotton and alleviates salt-stress effects by modulating the expressions of photosynthesis (and related pathways), flavonoid, ROS scavenging, hormone signaling, linoleic acid metabolism, and ion homeostasis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
- China Fukang Station of Desert Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fukang, 831505 Xinjiang China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
- China Fukang Station of Desert Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fukang, 831505 Xinjiang China
| | - Zong ming Xie
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Enhancement and Gene Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang China
| | - Xiaofeng Peng
- Agricultural Science Research Institute of the third division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, Tumushuke, 843800 Xinjiang China
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50
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Naldurtiker A, Batchu P, Kouakou B, Terrill TH, Shaik A, Kannan G. RNA-Seq exploration of the influence of stress on meat quality in Spanish goats. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20573. [PMID: 36446782 PMCID: PMC9709060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies exploring the transcriptome of stress and its effects on meat quality are very limited, particularly in goats. Fifty-four male Spanish goats (8-mo old; BW = 29.7 ± 2.03 kg) were randomly subjected to one of three treatments (TRT; n = 18 goats/treatment): (1) transported for 180 min, (2) transported for 30 min, or (3) held in pens (control) to analyze the transcriptome of stress and meat quality in goats using RNA-seq technology. Blood samples were collected before and after treatment, and meat samples were collected after humane slaughter for stress hormone, meat quality (Longissimus dorsi), and transcriptomic analysis. Plasma epinephrine concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in 180 min and 30 min groups compared to the control group; however, norepinephrine concentrations were not affected by the treatment. Muscle glycogen concentrations (15 min postmortem) were lower (P < 0.01) in both 30 min and 180 min groups compared to the control group. Calpastatin levels were higher (P < 0.01) in 180 min and 30 min groups than the control group. Warner-Bratzler shear force values of loin chops were the highest in the 180 min group (4 ± 0.15, kg), lowest in the control group (3.51 ± 0.10, kg), and intermediate in the 30 min group (3.78 ± 0.09, kg; P < 0.01) both at day 1 and day 6 aging time. Additionally, desmin levels of day 6 samples were lowest in the control group, highest in 180 min group, and intermediate in 30 min group (P < 0.05). RNA-seq results showed that a total of 10,633 genes were differentially expressed (5194 up regulated; 5439 down regulated) among all comparisons (blood and day 1 and day 6 muscle samples). Among these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), KLF9, AMPK, FOXO3, PTX3, GADD45, PTPN1, CASP7, MAPK4, HSPA12A, and JAK-STAT were probably associated with the effects of stress on skeletal muscle proteins and involved in biological process such as cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus, endoplasmic reticulum stress, insulin resistance, DNA repair, apoptosis, MAPK cascade and regulation of proteolysis. The KEGG analysis revealed that AMPK and JAK-SAT signaling pathways and autophagy were among the top 20 enriched pathways in our treatment comparisons. The results provide an understanding of the genes and pathways involved in stress responses and related changes in postmortem muscle metabolism and meat quality characteristics in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Naldurtiker
- grid.256036.40000 0000 8817 9906Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA 31030 USA
| | - Phaneendra Batchu
- grid.256036.40000 0000 8817 9906Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA 31030 USA
| | - Brou Kouakou
- grid.256036.40000 0000 8817 9906Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA 31030 USA
| | - Thomas H. Terrill
- grid.256036.40000 0000 8817 9906Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA 31030 USA
| | - Arshad Shaik
- grid.256036.40000 0000 8817 9906Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA 31030 USA
| | - Govind Kannan
- grid.256036.40000 0000 8817 9906Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley State University, 1005 State University Drive, Fort Valley, GA 31030 USA
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