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Kim TY, Baek SU, Lim MH, Yun B, Paek D, Zoh KE, Youn K, Lee YK, Kim Y, Kim J, Choi E, Kang MY, Cho Y, Lee KE, Sim J, Oh J, Park H, Lee J, Won JU, Lee YM, Yoon JH. Occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT: using the 5th and 6th Korean Working Condition Surveys. Ann Occup Environ Med 2024; 36:e19. [PMID: 39188666 PMCID: PMC11345209 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate occupation classification is essential in various fields, including policy development and epidemiological studies. This study aims to develop an occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT. Methods This study used data from the 5th and 6th Korean Working Conditions Surveys conducted in 2017 and 2020, respectively. A total of 99,665 survey participants, who were nationally representative of Korean workers, were included. We used natural language responses regarding their job responsibilities and occupational codes based on the Korean Standard Classification of Occupations (7th version, 3-digit codes). The dataset was randomly split into training and test datasets in a ratio of 7:3. The occupation classification model based on DistilKoBERT was fine-tuned using the training dataset, and the model was evaluated using the test dataset. The accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score were calculated as evaluation metrics. Results The final model, which classified 28,996 survey participants in the test dataset into 142 occupational codes, exhibited an accuracy of 84.44%. For the evaluation metrics, the precision, recall, and F1 score of the model, calculated by weighting based on the sample size, were 0.83, 0.84, and 0.83, respectively. The model demonstrated high precision in the classification of service and sales workers yet exhibited low precision in the classification of managers. In addition, it displayed high precision in classifying occupations prominently represented in the training dataset. Conclusions This study developed an occupation classification system based on DistilKoBERT, which demonstrated reasonable performance. Despite further efforts to enhance the classification accuracy, this automated occupation classification model holds promise for advancing epidemiological studies in the fields of occupational safety and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Yeon Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Uk Baek
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Graduate School, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeong-Hun Lim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byungyoon Yun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Domyung Paek
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Ehi Zoh
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kanwoo Youn
- Wonjin Green Hospital Occupational Environmental Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun Keun Lee
- Wonjin Green Hospital Occupational Environmental Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yangho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jungwon Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Eunsuk Choi
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Innovation, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Mo-Yeol Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - YoonHo Cho
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Eun Lee
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Juho Sim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juyeon Oh
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heejoo Park
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jian Lee
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Uk Won
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Min Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Meloni F, Benavente Y, Becker N, Delphine C, Foretova L, Maynadié M, Nieters A, Staines A, Trobbiani C, Pilia I, Zucca M, Cocco P. Lifetime occupational and recreational physical activity and risk of lymphoma subtypes. Results from the European Epilymph case-control study. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 87:102495. [PMID: 37992416 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is known to convey protection against several cancers. However, results on the risk of lymphoma overall and its subtypes have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to investigate occupational and recreational physical activity in relation to risk of lymphoma subtypes adjusting for established occupational risk factors. We applied standardized tools to assess energy expenditure at work and in recreational physical activities to the questionnaire information on lifetime work and exercise history in 1117 lymphoma cases, including Hodgkin lymphoma, and B-cell (including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and multiple myeloma) and T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) subtypes, and 1207 controls who took part in the multicentre European EpiLymph case-control study. We calculated the risk of lymphoma (all subtypes), B-cell NHL and its most represented subtypes, and Hodgkin's lymphoma (all subtypes) associated with weekly average Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET-hours/week) and cumulative MET-hours of lifetime recreational, occupational, and total physical activity, with unconditional logistic regression and polytomous regression analysis adjusting by age, centre, sex, education, body mass index, history of farm work and solvent use. We observed an inverse association of occupational, and total physical activity with risk of lymphoma (all subtypes), and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among women, and an upward trend in risk of Hodgkin's lymphoma with recreational and total physical activity among men, for which we cannot exclude chance or bias. Our results suggest no effect of overall physical activity on risk of lymphoma and its subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Meloni
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and MF MU, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Carlotta Trobbiani
- Occupational Medicine Residency Program, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pilia
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mariagrazia Zucca
- Unit of Laboratory Medicine, Sulcis Local Health Unit, Carbonia, SU, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Cocco
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Division of Population Studies, Healthcare Research & Primary Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, UK.
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Wallace IJ, Toya C, Peña Muñoz MA, Meyer JV, Busby T, Reynolds AZ, Martinez J, Thompson TT, Miller-Moore M, Harris AR, Rios R, Martinez A, Jashashvili T, Ruff CB. Effects of the energy balance transition on bone mass and strength. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15204. [PMID: 37709850 PMCID: PMC10502131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic positive energy balance has surged among societies worldwide due to increasing dietary energy intake and decreasing physical activity, a phenomenon called the energy balance transition. Here, we investigate the effects of this transition on bone mass and strength. We focus on the Indigenous peoples of New Mexico in the United States, a rare case of a group for which data can be compared between individuals living before and after the start of the transition. We show that since the transition began, bone strength in the leg has markedly decreased, even though bone mass has apparently increased. Decreased bone strength, coupled with a high prevalence of obesity, has resulted in many people today having weaker bones that must sustain excessively heavy loads, potentially heightening their risk of a bone fracture. These findings may provide insight into more widespread upward trends in bone fragility and fracture risk among societies undergoing the energy balance transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J Wallace
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
| | | | | | - Jana Valesca Meyer
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Taylor Busby
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Adam Z Reynolds
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jordan Martinez
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | | | - Marcus Miller-Moore
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Alexandra R Harris
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Roberto Rios
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Alexis Martinez
- Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Tea Jashashvili
- Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Christopher B Ruff
- Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Matthews CE, Patel S, Saint-Maurice P, Loftfield E, Keadle SK, Chen KY, Brychta R, LaMunion S, Berrigan D. Physical Activity Levels (PAL) in US Adults-2019. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:884-891. [PMID: 36729673 PMCID: PMC10106363 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity levels (PAL) are associated with mortality risk and were instrumental in estimating national energy requirements, but we are unaware of population-based estimates of PAL in US adults. Thus, we conducted a nationwide survey using a validated previous-day recall method to estimate PAL and the behavioral determinants of low and higher PAL. METHODS Participants from the AmeriSpeak panel 20-75 yr of age ( N = 2640) completed Activities Completed over Time in 24-hours previous-day recalls. PAL values were estimated as the average metabolic equivalent value over 24 h. Recalls were conducted on randomly selected days in October and November 2019. Survey sample design weights were applied to reflect the US population. RESULTS Mean age was 45.3 yr, 51% were female, 67% were non-Hispanic White, and 37% had a body mass index of ≥30 kg·m -2 . US adults reported a mean PAL of 1.63 (95% confidence interval, 1.60-1.65), and 39% (37%-42%) of adults reported PAL ≥1.6 on a given day. Men reported higher PAL than women (1.67 vs 1.59), and older adults reported lower PAL. Adults with PAL <1.4 spent 81% (12.1 h·d -1 ) of their waking day sedentary and 19% (2.7 h·d -1 ) in total physical activity. Adults with PAL considered to be "active"(1.6-1.89) spent only 49% (8.0 h·d -1 ) of their waking day sedentary, and 51% (8.3 h·d -1 ) physically active. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides novel estimates of PAL in a nationwide sample of US adults and a description of the type and intensity of sedentary and physically active behaviors contributing to low and higher PAL. These findings may inform public health messages aimed at increasing physical activity in adults and potentially contribute to obesity prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E. Matthews
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Shreya Patel
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Pedro Saint-Maurice
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | - Sarah K. Keadle
- Kinesiology and Public Health Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA
| | - Kong Y. Chen
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert Brychta
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - Samuel LaMunion
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - David Berrigan
- Health Behaviors Research Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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5
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Liangruenrom N, Dumuid D, Pedisic Z. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep in the Thai population: A compositional data analysis including 135,824 participants from two national time-use surveys. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280957. [PMID: 36693050 PMCID: PMC9873167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the amounts of time spent in physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep in the Thai population, as well as their sociodemographic correlates and changes over time. METHODS We analysed cross-sectional data collected in a population-representative, stratified random sample of 135,824 Thais aged 10 years and over as part of the two most recent Thai National time-use surveys (2009 and 2015). Daily activities reported by the participants were coded using the International Classification of Activities for Time-Use Statistics (ICATUS) and categorised as PA, SB, or sleep. RESULTS In the latest survey, participants spent on average the largest amount of time sleeping (geometric mean [g] = 9.44 h/day; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.42, 9.47), followed by PA (g = 8.60 h/day; 95% CI: 8.55, 8.64) and SB (g = 5.96 h/day; 95% CI: 5.93, 6.00). The time spent in PA was higher on weekdays, while the amounts of SB and sleep were higher on weekends (p < 0.05). Males, older age groups, and unemployed people spent less time in PA and more time in SB, compared with other population groups (p < 0.05). We found a relatively large increase in SB (mean difference [d] = 39.64 min/day; 95% CI: 36.18, 42.98) and decrease in PA (d = 54.33 min/day; 95% CI: -58.88, -49.30) over time. These findings were consistent across most sociodemographic groups, with the most concerning shifts from active to sedentary lifestyle found among people with a higher education degree and on weekends. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed a shift to a more sedentary lifestyle in the Thai population. Public health interventions should focus on improving time use among males, older age groups, and unemployed people, while preventing the rapid decrease in PA and increase in SB among those with a higher education degree and on weekends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nucharapon Liangruenrom
- Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Allied Health & Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zeljko Pedisic
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tsanas A. Investigating Wrist-Based Acceleration Summary Measures across Different Sample Rates towards 24-Hour Physical Activity and Sleep Profile Assessment. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:6152. [PMID: 36015910 PMCID: PMC9413015 DOI: 10.3390/s22166152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wrist-worn wearable sensors have attracted considerable research interest because of their potential in providing continuous, longitudinal, non-invasive measurements, leading to insights into Physical Activity (PA), sleep, and circadian variability. Three key practical considerations for research-grade wearables are as follows: (a) choosing an appropriate sample rate, (b) summarizing raw three-dimensional accelerometry data for further processing (accelerometry summary measures), and (c) accurately estimating PA levels and sleep towards understanding participants' 24-hour profiles. We used the CAPTURE-24 dataset, where 148 participants concurrently wore a wrist-worn three-dimensional accelerometer and a wearable camera over approximately 24 h to obtain minute-by-minute labels: sleep; and sedentary light, moderate, and vigorous PA. We propose a new acceleration summary measure, the Rate of Change Acceleration Movement (ROCAM), and compare its performance against three established approaches summarizing three-dimensional acceleration data towards replicating the minute-by-minute labels. Moreover, we compare findings where the acceleration data was sampled at 10, 25, 50, and 100 Hz. We demonstrate the competitive advantage of ROCAM towards estimating the five labels (80.2% accuracy) and building 24-hour profiles where the sample rate of 10 Hz is fully sufficient. Collectively, these findings provide insights facilitating the deployment of large-scale longitudinal actigraphy data processing towards 24-hour PA and sleep-profile assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Tsanas
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, NINE Edinburgh BioQuarter, 9 Little France Road, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK; or
- School of Mathematics, University of Edinburgh, James Clerk Maxwell Building, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK
- Alan Turing Institute, London NW1 2DB, UK
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Galbraith E, Fajzel W, Xu S, Xia V, Frie E, Barrington-Leigh C, Reyes-García V. Interdisciplinary applications of human time use with generalized lexicons. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270583. [PMID: 35834510 PMCID: PMC9282456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Time use studies quantify what people do, over particular time intervals. The results of these studies have illuminated diverse and important aspects of societies and economies, from populations around the world. Yet, these efforts have advanced in a fragmented manner, using non-standardized descriptions (lexicons) of time use that often require researchers to make arbitrary designations among non-exclusive categories, and are not easily translated between disciplines. Here we propose a new approach, assembling multiple dimensions of time use to construct what we call the human chronome, as a means to provide novel interdisciplinary perspectives on fundamental aspects of human behaviour and experience. The approach is enabled by parallel lexicons, each of which aims for low ambiguity by focusing on a single coherent categorical dimension, and which can then be combined to provide a multi-dimensional characterization. Each lexicon should follow a single, consistent theoretical orientation, ensure exhaustiveness and exclusivity, and minimize ambiguity arising from temporal and social aggregation. As a pragmatic first step towards this goal, we describe the development of the Motivating- Outcome- Oriented General Activity Lexicon (MOOGAL). The MOOGAL is theoretically oriented towards the outcomes of activities, is applicable to any human from hunter-gatherers to modern urbanites, and deliberately focuses on the physical outcomes which motivate the undertaking of activities to reduce ambiguity from social aggregation. We illustrate the utility of the MOOGAL by comparing it with existing economic, sociological and anthropological lexicons, showing that it exhaustively covers the previously-defined activities with low ambiguity, and apply it to time use and economic data from two countries. Our results support the feasibility of using generalized lexicons to incorporate diverse observational constraints on time use, thereby providing a rich interdisciplinary perspective on the human system that is particularly relevant to the current period of rapid social, technological and environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Galbraith
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - William Fajzel
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shirley Xu
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Veronica Xia
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elena Frie
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher Barrington-Leigh
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Bieler School of the Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Victoria Reyes-García
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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cardiac autonomic control and neural arousal as indexes of fatigue in professional bus drivers. Saf Health Work 2022; 13:148-154. [PMID: 35664913 PMCID: PMC9142350 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bus driving is a mentally demanding activity that requires prolonged attention to ensure safety. The aim of the study was to assess mental fatigue caused by driving a public bus and to find a profile of workers at higher risk. Methods We evaluated changes of critical flicker fusion (CFF) (index of central arousal) and heart rate variability (HRV) (index of autonomic balance) in a 6-hour driving shift on a real route, in 31 professional bus drivers, and we tested the influence of personal factors such as sleep quality, BMI, and age. Paired t-test was used to test differences of CFF and HRV between both initial and final phase of driving, while multiple linear regression tested the influence of personal variables on the indexes of mental fatigue. Results Results showed that CFF significantly decreased after 6 hours of bus driving (41.91 Hz, sd 3.31 vs. 41.15 Hz, sd 3.15; p = 0.041), and heart rate significantly decreased in the final phase of driving, with respect to the initial phase (85 vs. 78 bpm, p = 0.027). Increasing age (beta = -0.729, p = 0.022), risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (beta = -0.530, p = 0.04), and diurnal sleepiness (beta = -0.406, p = 0.017) showed a significant effect on influencing mental fatigue. Conclusion Elderly drivers at higher risk of sleep disorders are more prone to mental fatigue, when exposed to driving activity. Monitoring indexes of central arousal and autonomic balance, coupled with the use of structured questionnaires can represent a useful strategy to detect profile of workers at higher risk of mental fatigue in such duty.
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Yu X, Hao L, Crainiceanu C, Leroux A. Occupational determinants of physical activity at work: Evidence from wearable accelerometer in 2005-2006 NHANES. SSM Popul Health 2021; 17:100989. [PMID: 34977325 PMCID: PMC8688871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Occupation determines workers' physical activity (PA) in the workplace, an important health behavior contributing to health outcomes. However, self-reported measure limits our understanding of how occupational tasks differentiate workers' PA in terms of the type, frequency, intensity, and duration. In addition, accurate estimation of occupation-based PA during workers' actual working hours requires precise work schedule information. To address these limitations, this study employs data on accelerometer-monitored PA and work schedule from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). It asks two questions: How do occupations determine PA among regular daytime workers in the United States? Second, how large a share of PA difference between two occupations is attributable to differences in the implicit occupational tasks, relative to workers' demographic, health preconditions, and socioeconomic attributes? Calculating PA during the 9-to-5 period among daytime regular workers on weekdays and conducting Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis, we yield insights into the occupational determinant of both PA volume (total activity counts) and fragmentation (bouts of activities). Worksite health promotion can utilize the objective occupation-PA link and design occupation-tailored interventions, which is currently underdeveloped in the United States. Moreover, our findings shed light on the physical nature of occupation, suggesting a fruitful step to reconcile the documented mixed findings on occupation-based PA and health outcomes in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Sociology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Corresponding author. Advancing Maternal Health Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine.
| | - Lingxin Hao
- Department of Sociology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ciprian Crainiceanu
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Leroux
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, USA
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10
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Daum T, Birner R. The forgotten agriculture-nutrition link: farm technologies and human energy requirements. Food Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-021-01240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn the quest to reduce global under- and malnutrition, which are particularly high among smallholder farmers, agriculture-nutrition linkages are receiving increasing attention. Researchers have analyzed the link between the quantity and diversity of food that farmers produce and nutritional outcomes but paid limited attention to a third agriculture-nutrition link: the link between how food is produced and nutritional outcomes. This neglect persists despite the majority of smallholder farmers relying on hand tools for farming, which implies heavy physical work and, thus, high energy requirements. To address this research gap, this study compares the energy requirements of farm households in rural Zambia that are characterized by three different levels of mechanization: hand tools, animal drought power, and tractors. 1638 days of detailed time-use and nutrition data were collected from 186 male and female adults and boys and girls during different seasons (land preparation, weeding, and harvesting/processing) using an innovative picture-based smartphone app called “Timetracker”. This data served to calculate different proxies for physical activity and energy requirements using “Ainsworth’s Compendium of Physical Activities”. The results suggest that detailed time-use data offers great potentials to study physical activity and energy requirements. The findings show strong linkages between farm technologies, physical activity levels, and energy requirements, suggesting that this agriculture-nutrition link deserves more scientific and political attention to reduce under- and malnutrition among smallholder farmers.
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11
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Lecca LI, Marcias G, Uras M, Meloni F, Mucci N, Larese Filon F, Massacci G, Buonanno G, Cocco P, Campagna M. Response of the Cardiac Autonomic Control to Exposure to Nanoparticles and Noise: A Cross-Sectional Study of Airport Ground Staff. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2507. [PMID: 33802520 PMCID: PMC7967637 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Airport activity causes the emission of particulate matter and noise, two environmental contaminants and potential health hazards, particularly for the personnel operating nearby taxiways. We explored the association between exposure to fine/ultrafine particles (UFPs) and noise with heart rate variability (HRV), an early indicator of cardiovascular autonomic response, among a sample of airport ground staff. Between May and June 2018, thirty-four male operators (mean age = 43 years and SD = 6.7) underwent personal monitoring of exposure to nanoparticles and noise, and HRV during their work activity. We conducted univariate and multivariate analysis to test the effect of UFP and noise exposure HRV. Total Lung Deposition Surface Area (LDSA) was significantly associated with a decrease in HRV Total Power and Triangular index (β = -0.038 p = 0.016 and β = -7.8 × 10-5, p = 0.042, respectively). Noise peak level showed an opposite effect, which was significant for Total Power (β = 153.03, p = 0.027), and for Triangular index (β = 0.362, p = 0.035). Further investigation is warranted to clarify the effect of the concurrent exposure to UFPs and noise on early changes of cardiac autonomic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Isaia Lecca
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.M.); (M.U.); (F.M.); (P.C.); (M.C.)
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Marcias
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.M.); (M.U.); (F.M.); (P.C.); (M.C.)
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Michele Uras
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.M.); (M.U.); (F.M.); (P.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Federico Meloni
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.M.); (M.U.); (F.M.); (P.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Nicola Mucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Francesca Larese Filon
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34129 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Massacci
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Buonanno
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Cocco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.M.); (M.U.); (F.M.); (P.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Marcello Campagna
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (G.M.); (M.U.); (F.M.); (P.C.); (M.C.)
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Liangruenrom N, Dumuid D, Craike M, Biddle SJH, Pedisic Z. Trends and correlates of meeting 24-hour movement guidelines: a 15-year study among 167,577 Thai adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:106. [PMID: 32838796 PMCID: PMC7446156 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Time spent in physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep always takes up the whole day. New public health guidelines combining recommendations for PA, SB, and sleep have been issued in several countries. Thailand was the first country to release the 24-h guidelines for adults. Currently, there is no evidence on the population prevalence of meeting 24-h movement guidelines in Thailand. This study, therefore, aimed to determine 15-year trends and associations of meeting 24-h movement guidelines among Thai adults. Method We analysed cross-sectional data from 2001, 2004, 2009, and 2015 Thai Time-Use Surveys, coded using the International Classification of Activities for Time-Use Statistics (ICATUS). All ICATUS-based activities were categorised into moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA), SB, and sleep based on a previously developed classification system. A total of 167,577 adult participants were included. The participants were classified according to the Thai 24-h movement guidelines into meeting or not meeting the following criteria: 1) ≥150 min/week of MVPA; 2) interrupting SB every 2 h; 3) sleeping 7–9 h per day; and 4) adhering to all three guidelines. Results In 2015, the prevalence of adults who met the MVPA, SB, sleep, and overall recommendations was 81.7, 44.6, 56.4, and 21.3%, respectively. A significant linear increase was found for the prevalence of meeting the SB recommendation, while the prevalence meeting the MVPA, sleep, and overall recommendations was lowest in 2001, peaked in 2004 or 2009, and declined in 2015. The lowest odds for meeting the 24-h guidelines were found among males, those living in urban areas, inhabitants of Bangkok and South Thailand, unemployed, and those with low education level. Conclusions Despite promising trends in the prevalence of meeting PA, SB, and sleep recommendations, a majority of Thai adults still do not meet the overall 24-h movement guidelines. Further actions are needed to promote more MVPA, less SB, and adequate sleep in Thai adults, particularly among males, those living in urban areas, inhabitants of Bangkok and South Thailand, unemployed, and those with low education level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nucharapon Liangruenrom
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia.,Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Phutthamonthon Sai 4 Road, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Frome Road, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - Melinda Craike
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia.,Mitchell Institute for Education and Health Policy, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Education City, 37 Sinnathamby Boulevard, Springfield Central, Queensland, 4300, Australia
| | - Zeljko Pedisic
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia.
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Liangruenrom N, Craike M, Dumuid D, Biddle SJH, Tudor-Locke C, Ainsworth B, Jalayondeja C, van Tienoven TP, Lachapelle U, Weenas D, Berrigan D, Olds T, Pedisic Z. Standardised criteria for classifying the International Classification of Activities for Time-use Statistics (ICATUS) activity groups into sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:106. [PMID: 31727080 PMCID: PMC6857154 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-019-0875-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the International Classification of Activities for Time-Use Statistics (ICATUS) is one of the most widely used time-use classifications to identify time spent in various activities. Comprehensive 24-h activities that can be extracted from ICATUS provide possible implications for the use of time-use data in relation to activity-health associations; however, these activities are not classified in a way that makes such analysis feasible. This study, therefore, aimed to develop criteria for classifying ICATUS activities into sleep, sedentary behaviour (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), based on expert assessment. METHOD We classified activities from the Trial ICATUS 2005 and final ICATUS 2016. One author assigned METs and codes for wakefulness status and posture, to all subclass activities in the Trial ICATUS 2005. Once coded, one author matched the most detailed level of activities from the ICATUS 2016 with the corresponding activities in the Trial ICATUS 2005, where applicable. The assessment and harmonisation of each ICATUS activity were reviewed independently and anonymously by four experts, as part of a Delphi process. Given a large number of ICATUS activities, four separate Delphi panels were formed for this purpose. A series of Delphi survey rounds were repeated until a consensus among all experts was reached. RESULTS Consensus about harmonisation and classification of ICATUS activities was reached by the third round of the Delphi survey in all four panels. A total of 542 activities were classified into sleep, SB, LPA, and MVPA categories. Of these, 390 activities were from the Trial ICATUS 2005 and 152 activities were from the final ICATUS 2016. The majority of ICATUS 2016 activities were harmonised into the ICATUS activity groups (n = 143). CONCLUSIONS Based on expert consensus, we developed a classification system that enables ICATUS-based time-use data to be classified into sleep, SB, LPA, and MVPA categories. Adoption and consistent use of this classification system will facilitate standardisation of time-use data processing for the purpose of sleep, SB and physical activity research, and improve between-study comparability. Future studies should test the applicability of the classification system by applying it to empirical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nucharapon Liangruenrom
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Melinda Craike
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.,Mitchell Institute, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stuart J H Biddle
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia
| | - Catrine Tudor-Locke
- College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Barbara Ainsworth
- Department of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - Theun Pieter van Tienoven
- Research Group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ugo Lachapelle
- Department of Urban Studies and Tourism, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Djiwo Weenas
- Research Group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Research Group Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Berrigan
- Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Timothy Olds
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Zeljko Pedisic
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
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14
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Behaviour has diverse economic, social and health consequences. Linking time spent in different daily activities to energy expenditure (EE) is one way of investigating the health and physiological consequences of behaviour and identifying targets to improve population health and well-being. METHODS We estimated behaviour-related EE for respondents to time use surveys (TUS) from three countries: UK 2001, Poland 2012 and US 2003-13. The Harmonised Multinational Time Use Survey (MTUS) activity categories were matched to MET estimates from the 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities. We attach METs values to each successive activity in the TUS, together with both the original UK, Polish and US activity classifications and the 68-category MTUS activity classification. We used TUS estimates of activity durations across 24-h to estimate the Physical Activity Level (PAL) for respondents from the three countries and the average time spent and MET values for different activity categories. RESULTS PAL values ranged from 1.59 in the US to 1.74 in Poland. The main sources of daily EE from PA were paid and unpaid work activities. Discretionary PA accounted for only a very small part (~ 3%) of adult daily energy expenditures. Using the harmonised MTUS 68-activity classification reduced the variability of the aggregate PAEE measure by ~ 20%, but the patterns of association between key demographics (age, sex, educational attainment) were unaffected. TUS data were further used to (1) identify sources of daily PA, and (2) assess adherence to physical activity guidelines (PAG) on a single-day basis. Estimated adherence levels were similar to those reported from other TUS as well as frequency based estimates. CONCLUSIONS Comparative studies of energy expenditure based on harmonised time use activity categories could provide insight into the relative importance of different activities for energy expenditure across different countries and demographic groups. However, new observational studies combining TUS data with accelerometer, direct observation and other measures of activity intensity are required for more accurate MET assignments to activity categories in TUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Harms
- Department of Social Science, Centre for Time Use Research, University College London, 55–59 Gordon Square, London, WCH 0NU UK
| | - David Berrigan
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Jonathan Gershuny
- Department of Social Science, Centre for Time Use Research, University College London, 55–59 Gordon Square, London, WCH 0NU UK
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Weenas D, van Tienoven TP, Verbeylen J, Minnen J, Glorieux I. Testing compliance to WHO guidelines for physical activity in Flanders insights from time-use diaries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 77:16. [PMID: 30949342 PMCID: PMC6429766 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-019-0341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Regular physical activity decreases the risk for numerous non-communicable diseases. The World Health Organization has suggested physical activity (PA) guidelines that, based on previous research, would provide health benefits to those who comply. The first guideline for health benefits suggests 150 min of moderate PA or equivalent per week. The guideline for additional health benefits suggests 300 min of PA or equivalent per week. The objective of this paper is to analyze to what extent these two WHO PA guidelines for adults are met in the Belgian region of Flanders. Furthermore, we are interested to see which groups are more or less likely to meet the PA guidelines. Methods Crosstables and logistic regressions are used on a sample of 3028 adults in the Belgian region of Flanders. All respondents filled in a 7-day time-diary in which they continuously recorded all their activities. Results Firstly, men are more likely than women to comply to both PA guidelines. Secondly, living with a partner increases the odds to comply to the guidelines. For men, this is the case for both guidelines, while for women, this only applies to the first guideline. Thirdly, women with a young child have lower odds to comply to the guidelines, while having a young child doesn’t have an effect for men. Conclusion Previous research on meeting PA guidelines in Flanders shows diverging results. Time-diary data allows researchers to strictly follow the WHO definition when operationalizing compliance to PA guidelines. There is a need for future research that combines time-diaries with a PA questionnaire and accelerometer data to gain more insights on the benefits and pitfalls of both methodologies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13690-019-0341-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djiwo Weenas
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,2Research group Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Theun Pieter van Tienoven
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,3Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Julie Verbeylen
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joeri Minnen
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ignace Glorieux
- 1Research group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Caberlotto E, Guillou C, Colomb L, Barla C, Salah S, Vicic M, Revol-Cavalier F, Rat V, Filipe S, Flament F. Developing a new device for continuously recording, in vivo, the excretion rate of sweat (perspiration) in humans. Skin Res Technol 2019; 25:489-498. [PMID: 30758876 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some methodologies used for evaluating sweat production and antiperspirants are of a stationary aspect, that is, most often performed under warm (38°C) but resting conditions in a rather short period of time. The aim is to develop an electronic sensor apt at continuously recording sweat excretion, in vivo, during physical exercises, exposure to differently heated environments, or any other stimuli that may provoke sweat excretion. MATERIAL AND METHODS A sensor (20 cm2 ) is wrapped under a double-layered textile pad. Fixed onto the armpits, these two arrays of electrodes are connected to electronic system through an analog multiplexer. A microcontroller is used to permanently record changes in the conductance between two electrodes during exposure of subjects to different sweat-inducing conditions or to assess the efficacy of applied aluminum hydrochloride (ACH)-based roll-ons at two concentrations (5% and 15%). RESULTS In vitro calibration, using a NaCl 0.5% solution, allows changes in mV to be related with progressively increased volumes. In vivo, results show that casual physical exercise leads to sweat excretions much higher than in warm environment (37 or 45°C). Only, an exposure to a 50°C environment induced comparable sweat excretion. In this condition, sweat excretions were found similar in both armpits and both genders. Decreased sweat excretions were recorded following applications of ACH, with a dose effect. CONCLUSION Developing phases of this new approach indicate that usual method or guidelines used to determine sweat excretions in vivo do not reflect true energy expenditure processes. As a consequence, they probably over-estimate the efficacy of antiperspirant agents or formulae.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Loic Colomb
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly-Larue, France
| | - Charlie Barla
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly-Larue, France
| | - Samir Salah
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly-Larue, France
| | - Marco Vicic
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Chevilly-Larue, France
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Flament F, Qiu H, Abric A, Charbonneau A. Assessing changes in some facial signs of fatigue in Chinese women, induced by a single working day. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:21-27. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Flament
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Clichy France
| | - H. Qiu
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation; Shanghai China
| | - A. Abric
- Eurosyn; Villebon-sur-Yvette France
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Zafiropoulos B, Alison JA, Heard R. Physical activity levels of allied health professionals working in a large Australian metropolitan health district - an observational study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2019; 12:51-62. [PMID: 30655673 PMCID: PMC6322493 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s189513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this observational cross-sectional study was to determine if allied health professionals working in a large metropolitan health district were meeting the minimal physical activity (PA) recommendations and the proportion that occupational PA contributed to the recommended PA levels. A secondary aim was to determine possible relationships between self-report questionnaire measures of PA and PA measured by accelerometry. MATERIALS AND METHODS Allied health professionals, working in the Sydney Local Health District (SLHD) in 2016-2017, completed the Active Australia Survey (AAS), Occupational Sitting and Physical Activity Questionnaire (OSPAQ), International Physical Activity Questionnaire Long form (IPAQ-L), and wore the ActiGraph GT1M accelerometer for 7 days consecutively. RESULTS Based on accelerometry results, allied health professionals (N=126) spent a mean (SD) of 51 (23) minutes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)/day, representing 171% of the total recommended MVPA/day, with work contributing 76% to this recommendation. Participants walked a mean of 10,077 (2,766) steps/day, meeting 100% of the recommended 10,000 steps/day, with work contributing 54% to this recommendation. Sedentary behaviors were predominant throughout the entire day and work day. Compared with the ActiGraph MVPA time measurements, AAS MVPA time showed a fair level of agreement [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)=0.44, P<0.01], while OSPAQ and IPAQ-L MVPA time showed no agreement (ICC=0.05, P=0.27; ICC=0.13, P=0.10, respectively). CONCLUSION Allied health professionals working in a large metropolitan health district met the daily PA recommendations based on accelerometry measures but tended to overreport their MVPA on self-report questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Zafiropoulos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia, ,
- Allied Health Professorial Unit, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia, ,
| | - Jennifer A Alison
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia, ,
- Allied Health Professorial Unit, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia, ,
| | - Robert Heard
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Discipline of Behavioral and Social Sciences in Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia
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van Tienoven TP, Deyaert J, Harms T, Weenas D, Minnen J, Glorieux I. Active work, passive leisure? Associations between occupational and non-occupational physical activity on weekdays. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2018; 76:1-11. [PMID: 30268271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Research from recent years reports that physical inactivity is a major risk factor for global mortality. Several societal trends in the last decades are likely to have contributed to the increasing prevalence of sedentary lifestyles. Physical activity throughout the day has become much less self-evident and much more a matter of personal effort. Its presumed discretionary character made leisure the time par excellence to compensate for daily inactivity in non-discretionary time. The historical dichotomy of leisure and paid work led to a large body of research assessing the association between occupational and non-occupational physical activity, almost always equated with leisure time physical activity. This study investigates the relationship between occupational and non-occupational physical activity and adds to existing knowledge by breaking down non-occupational physical activity to physical activity in different non-occupational domains of life. Using Belgian time-use data from 2013 coupled with metabolic equivalent of task scores, reveals no direct association between occupational physical activity and physical activity in the domains of leisure, household work and family care, and transport on weekdays after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. The association between women's occupational physical activity and physical activity in household work and family care is the sole exception. The results suggest that a holistic, naturalistic approach to physical activity taking into account that individuals have to synchronize needs other than paid work (e.g. reproductive and social productive needs) with the institutional and cultural temporal structures of the society they live in, is more appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theun Pieter van Tienoven
- Research Group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jef Deyaert
- Research Group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Teresa Harms
- Centre for Time Use Research, Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Djiwo Weenas
- Research Group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Joeri Minnen
- Research Group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Ignace Glorieux
- Research Group TOR, Department of Sociology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
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Visualizing Physical Activity Patterns among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study. Sports (Basel) 2018; 6:sports6040135. [PMID: 30380724 PMCID: PMC6316774 DOI: 10.3390/sports6040135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity relates to physical and mental functioning in older people, and promoting physical activity has the potential to substantially reduce functional decline and improve well-being. Despite this, investigations of the physical activity quotient through participation in functional activities in everyday life have traditionally gained limited focus among older populations compared to leisure-time physical activity and exercise. Considering the accumulated evidence of the health benefits of low-intensity physical activity, exploring and measuring such activities in this population is highly relevant. The aim of this study was to visualize and describe older people’s physical activity patterns in daily life using a time-geographic approach in combination with the estimation of metabolic equivalents (METS). To exemplify the new method, a sample of nine retired men (65–82 years old, mean age 76.4 ± 5.8) with no homecare services from the municipality was recruited. In order to enable a visual analysis of the physical activity patterns in daily life, we developed the VISUAL-PA software, which is a visual analysis tool that includes METS to account for intensity and enables the analysis of distinct types and domains of physical activity. The VISUAL-PA software creates graphic outputs of physical activity patterns that enable the identification, visualization, and analysis of distinct types and intensities of physical activity in addition to sedentary behavior. The use of VISUAL-PA can contribute to a broader understanding of the complexity in physical activity patterns among older adults in terms of dimensions such as activity patterns and habits, domains, and intensity level. To strengthen the public health strategies that promote health and an active lifestyle, additional knowledge about physical activity patterns is necessary. Moreover, the visualization of physical activity can enable reflections on and awareness of activity habits and preferences, and thus facilitate behavior changes in older individuals.
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