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du Sartz de Vigneulles B, Carrouel F, Verot E, Michel C, Barthelme T, Pere JC, Salamon R, Dussart C. Alcohol Consumption in the Specific Socio-Professional Context of the French Public Service: Qualitative Study Protocol. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15915. [PMID: 36497988 PMCID: PMC9741064 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol, a psychoactive substance with addictive potential, has major consequences on the population and public health. In France, alcohol use disorder affects approximately 3.5 million people, and 41,000 persons died in 2015. Alcohol consumption is significantly correlated to the workplace. Thus, the workplace is an area of opportunity to change risky behaviors and must play a key role in the prevention of alcohol misuse. To do this, it is essential to understand the consumption framework and to identify specific environmental risk factors. This qualitative study aims to describe the framework of alcohol consumption in the French public service. A focus group will be organized in France from November to January 2023. The participants will be: (i) representatives of the Local Health Insurance; (ii) over 18 years old; (iii) active or retired civil servants; (iv) mutualist activists; and (v) representatives of the Union of Health Prevention for the Obligatory System of the Public Service. The exclusion criteria for the study will be: (i) lack of consent form; (ii) inability to participate in the focus group, and (iii) early departure during the focus group. The focus groups will be supervised by two researchers following an interview guide. The data will be analyzed using the methodological framework, which consists in carrying out a thematic analysis. This will allow for an understanding of the sources of usage behaviors, and the identification of the most appropriate intervention functions for suitable prevention actions in order to reduce the risk of a transition to alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin du Sartz de Vigneulles
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Florence Carrouel
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Elise Verot
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- University Jean Monnet, 42270 Saint-Etienne, France
- Equipe PREDUCAN, CIC Inserm 1408 Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Christian Michel
- Practice for Addiction Medicine-Association for Prevention and Rehabilitation (gGmbH), 77694 Kehl, Germany
| | - Thierry Barthelme
- French Society of Officinal Pharmaceutical Sciences (SFSPO), 91570 Bièvres, France
| | - Jean-Charles Pere
- Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology and Development (ISPED), Inserm U1219, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Roger Salamon
- Institute of Public Health, Epidemiology and Development (ISPED), Inserm U1219, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Claude Dussart
- Laboratory “Health, Systemic, Process” (P2S), UR4129, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69002 Lyon, France
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Thørrisen MM, Skogen JC, Bonsaksen T, Skarpaas LS, Aas RW. Are workplace factors associated with employee alcohol use? The WIRUS cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064352. [PMID: 36229146 PMCID: PMC9562323 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sociodemographic predictors of employee alcohol use are well established in the literature, but knowledge about associations between workplace factors and alcohol use is less explored. The aim of this study was to explore whether workplace factors were associated with employee alcohol use (consumption and alcohol-related problems). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. Linear and binary logistic regression analyses. SETTING Heterogeneous sample of employees (workers and supervisors) from 22 companies across geographical locations and work divisions in Norway. PARTICIPANTS Employees (N=5388) responded on survey items measuring workplace factors and alcohol use. OUTCOMES Data on alcohol use were collected with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Consumption was measured with the AUDIT-C (the first three items), and alcohol-related problems were operationalised as a sum score of 8 or higher on the full 10-item AUDIT. RESULTS Higher levels of alcohol consumption were associated with more liberal workplace drinking social norms (b=1.37, p<0.001), working full-time (b=0.18, p<0.001), working from holiday home (b=0.40, p<0.01), being a supervisor (b=0.25, p<0.001), having supervisors with less desired leadership qualities (b=-0.10, p<0.01), shorter working hours (b=-0.03, p<0.05), higher workplace social support (b=0.13, p<0.05) and higher income (b=0.02, p<0.001). Alcohol-related problems were associated with more liberal workplace drinking social norms (OR=3.52, p<0.001) and shorter working hours (OR=0.94, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Workplace drinking social norms were the supremely most dominant predictor of both consumption and alcohol-related problems. Results suggest that some workplace factors may play a role in explaining employee alcohol consumption, although the predictive ability of these factors was limited. This study points to the importance of drinking social norms, workplace drinking culture and leadership for understanding employee alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Magnus Thørrisen
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tore Bonsaksen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
- Department of Health, Faculty of Health Studies, VID Specialized University, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lisebet Skeie Skarpaas
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Randi Wågø Aas
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Cáceres-Matos R, Gil-García E, Vázquez-Santiago S, Cabrera-León A. Alcohol, Tobacco and Psychotropic Drugs Use Among a Population with Chronic Pain in Southern Spain. A Cross-Sectional Study. Pain Manag Nurs 2022; 23:494-503. [PMID: 34857475 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use seems to be higher among populations with chronic pain. AIM The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the quantity of alcohol, tobacco, and psychotropic drugs consumed and chronic pain among women and men. METHOD Linear and logistic regression analyses were carried out using data from the 2015-2016 adults' version of the Andalusian Health Survey which is a representative cross-sectional population-based study (n = 6,569 adults aged >16 years; 50.8% women; 49.2% men). RESULTS Disabling chronic pain was statistically associated with higher tobacco consumption among men (β = -30.0, 95% confidenct interval [CI] -59.5 to -0.60; t = -2.0; p < .05). Regarding alcohol, non-disabling chronic pain and a higher quantity of alcohol consumed are statistically associated for both sexes (women: β = 30.4, 95% CI 2.3-58.6; t = 2.12; p < .05 vs. men: β = 164.2, 95% CI 24.3-340.1); t = 2.30; p < .05). For women and men, both disabling chronic pain (women: odds ratio [OR] = 8.7, 95% CI 6.0-12.7); p < .05 vs. men: OR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.5-8.2); p < .05) and non-disabling chronic pain (women: OR = 3.7, 95% CI 2.0-7.0); p <.05 vs. men: OR = 4.7, 95% CI 95% CI 1.5-14.9); p < .05) were statistically significantly associated with a higher consumption of psychotropic drugs. CONCLUSIONS Chronic pain may be related to the quantity of alcohol, tobacco, and psychotropic drugs consumed, and disability appears to be one of the factors that modulates this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrés Cabrera-León
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain; Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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Chhabra N, Smith DL, Maloney CM, Archer J, Sharma B, Thompson HM, Afshar M, Karnik NS. The Identification of Subphenotypes and Associations with Health Outcomes in Patients with Opioid-Related Emergency Department Encounters Using Latent Class Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148882. [PMID: 35886733 PMCID: PMC9321801 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The emergency department (ED) is a critical setting for the treatment of patients with opioid misuse. Detecting relevant clinical profiles allows for tailored treatment approaches. We sought to identify and characterize subphenotypes of ED patients with opioid-related encounters. A latent class analysis was conducted using 14,057,302 opioid-related encounters from 2016 through 2017 using the National Emergency Department Sample (NEDS), the largest all-payer ED database in the United States. The optimal model was determined by face validity and information criteria-based metrics. A three-step approach assessed class structure, assigned individuals to classes, and examined characteristics between classes. Class associations were determined for hospitalization, in-hospital death, and ED charges. The final five-class model consisted of the following subphenotypes: Chronic pain (class 1); Alcohol use (class 2); Depression and pain (class 3); Psychosis, liver disease, and polysubstance use (class 4); and Pregnancy (class 5). Using class 1 as the reference, the greatest odds for hospitalization occurred in classes 3 and 4 (Ors 5.24 and 5.33, p < 0.001) and for in-hospital death in class 4 (OR 3.44, p < 0.001). Median ED charges ranged from USD 2177 (class 1) to USD 2881 (class 4). These subphenotypes provide a basis for examining patient-tailored approaches for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Chhabra
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Cook County Health, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Dale L. Smith
- Addiction Data Science Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (D.L.S.); (B.S.); (H.M.T.); (N.S.K.)
- Department of Psychology, Olivet Nazarene University, Bourbonnais, IL 60914, USA
| | - Caitlin M. Maloney
- Doctor of Medicine Program, Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Joseph Archer
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA;
| | - Brihat Sharma
- Addiction Data Science Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (D.L.S.); (B.S.); (H.M.T.); (N.S.K.)
| | - Hale M. Thompson
- Addiction Data Science Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (D.L.S.); (B.S.); (H.M.T.); (N.S.K.)
| | - Majid Afshar
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA;
| | - Niranjan S. Karnik
- Addiction Data Science Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (D.L.S.); (B.S.); (H.M.T.); (N.S.K.)
- Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Hashemi NS, Dalen I, Skogen JC, Sagvaag H, Gimeno Ruiz de Porras D, Aas RW. Do Differences in Drinking Attitudes and Alcohol-Related Problems Explain Differences in Sick Leave? A Multilevel Analysis of 95 Work Units Within 14 Companies From the WIRUS Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:817726. [PMID: 35712266 PMCID: PMC9194082 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.817726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systematic reviews have shown a strong relationship between alcohol consumption and sick leave. The effect of alcohol consumption on sick leave may, however, vary according to the work environment. While attitudes toward drinking may impact sick leave, there is little research on the contribution of drinking attitudes to sick leave. Moreover, alcohol-related problems and drinking attitudes may be influenced by the broader sociocultural contexts of the organizational units where people work. Objectives This study aimed to explore the relationship of alcohol-related problems and drinking attitudes with sick leave while considering the nesting of employees within working units within companies. Method Data from the WIRUS (Workplace Interventions preventing Risky alcohol Use and Sick leave) study were linked to company-registered sick leave data for 2,560 employees from 95 different work units in public (n = 9) and private companies (n = 5) in Norway. Three-level (employee, work unit, and company) negative binomial regression models were estimated to explore the 12-month prospective association of alcohol-related problems and drinking attitudes with four measures of sick leave (one-day, short-term, long-term, and overall sick leave days). Models were adjusted for gender, age, cohabitation status, educational attainment, work position, and employment sector. Results We observed higher variation of one-day, short-term, and overall sick leave days between companies than between work units within companies (15, 12, and 30% vs. 0, 5, and 8%, respectively). However, neither alcohol-related problems nor drinking attitudes were associated with sick leave and, thus, those variations in sick leave were not explained by alcohol-related problems or drinking attitudes. Conclusion Our findings suggest company-level differences are more important than within company differences when explaining differences in sick leave. While alcohol-related problems or drinking attitudes were not associated with sick leave, future studies may need to explore the role of company policies, practices, or social norms in variations in sick leave rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda S Hashemi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ingvild Dalen
- Department of Research, Section of Biostatistics, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Quality and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Hildegunn Sagvaag
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health in San Antonio, The University of Texas Health Science at Houston, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Center for Research in Occupational Health (CiSAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Randi Wågø Aas
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Boyd J, Sexton O, Angus C, Meier P, Purshouse RC, Holmes J. Causal mechanisms proposed for the alcohol harm paradox-a systematic review. Addiction 2022; 117:33-56. [PMID: 33999487 PMCID: PMC8595457 DOI: 10.1111/add.15567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The alcohol harm paradox (AHP) posits that disadvantaged groups suffer from higher rates of alcohol-related harm compared with advantaged groups, despite reporting similar or lower levels of consumption on average. The causes of this relationship remain unclear. This study aimed to identify explanations proposed for the AHP. Secondary aims were to review the existing evidence for those explanations and investigate whether authors linked explanations to one another. METHODS This was a systematic review. We searched MEDLINE (1946-January 2021), EMBASE (1974-January 2021) and PsycINFO (1967-January 2021), supplemented with manual searching of grey literature. Included papers either explored the causes of the AHP or investigated the relationship between alcohol consumption, alcohol-related harm and socio-economic position. Papers were set in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development high-income countries. Explanations extracted for analysis could be evidenced in the empirical results or suggested by researchers in their narrative. Inductive thematic analysis was applied to group explanations. RESULTS Seventy-nine papers met the inclusion criteria and initial coding revealed that these papers contained 41 distinct explanations for the AHP. Following inductive thematic analysis, these explanations were grouped into 16 themes within six broad domains: individual, life-style, contextual, disadvantage, upstream and artefactual. Explanations related to risk behaviours, which fitted within the life-style domain, were the most frequently proposed (n = 51) and analysed (n = 21). CONCLUSIONS While there are many potential explanations for the alcohol harm paradox, most research focuses on risk behaviours while other explanations lack empirical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Boyd
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Olivia Sexton
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Colin Angus
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Petra Meier
- MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robin C. Purshouse
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - John Holmes
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Lee C, Yi JS. Socioeconomic Classes among Oldest-Old Women in South Korea: A Latent Class Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413183. [PMID: 34948797 PMCID: PMC8701893 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oldest-old women are known to live at the intersection of multiple socioeconomic disadvantages in South Korean society. This study classified oldest-old Korean women into several socioeconomically homogeneous classes based on various socioeconomic status (SES) risks and compared health characteristics among the identified classes. This cross-sectional study utilized the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey, including data from 11,053 women (≥80 years). Latent class analysis determined the number of underlying socioeconomic classes based on nine selected SES variables. Four distinct socioeconomic classes were identified: “Urban, living alone, recipient of NBLSS, moderate education, leisure activity” (Class 1), “Rural, traditional house, living with others, not financially deprived, low education, employed” (Class 2), “Urban, living with family, financially affluent, not employed, no barriers to healthcare” (Class 3), “Rural, traditional house, living alone, financially deprived, uneducated, employed, barriers to healthcare” (Class 4). Depressive symptoms, subjective stress, and the prevalence of sleep disorder and diabetes were higher in Class 1 compared to other classes. Health-related quality of life, perceived health, and self-rated oral health were the poorest in Class 4. Class 3 reported the best health status. Understanding the intersecting SES risk factors in this group can aid in developing targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyoung Lee
- School of Nursing & Health Studies, University of Washington Bothell, Bothell, WA 98011, USA;
| | - Jee-Seon Yi
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 82-55-772-8252
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Thørrisen MM, Bonsaksen T, Skogen JC, Skarpaas LS, Sevic A, van Mechelen W, Aas RW. Willingness to Participate in Alcohol Prevention Interventions Targeting Risky Drinking Employees. The WIRUS Project. Front Public Health 2021; 9:692605. [PMID: 34249850 PMCID: PMC8267363 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.692605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The extent to which eligible individuals in a target population are willing to participate in interventions is important when evaluating the efficacy of public health interventions. Objectives: As part of a process evaluation of an ongoing randomized controlled trial, this study aimed to identify the proportion of risky drinkers who were willing to participate in an alcohol prevention intervention in an occupational health setting, and correlates for such willingness. Methods: Risky drinking employees from 22 companies in Norway were identified through an alcohol screening survey. Risky drinkers' (N = 779) willingness to complete a health examination and to be randomized into an alcohol prevention intervention (digital or face-to-face intervention, or control) was recorded by personnel from occupational health services. The proportion of employees who were willing to participate was assessed on 31 potential correlates (sociodemographic, alcohol-related, work-related, and lifestyle/daily activity). Adjusted (multiple logistic regression) analyses were utilized to explore associations between potential correlates and willingness to participate. Results: Altogether, 38.1% of employees were willing to participate in prevention interventions. In the adjusted analysis, only 5 out of 31 potential correlates were significantly associated with willingness to participate. Managers were more than twice as willing to participate than workers (OR = 2.17, p < 0.01). Willing employees had less workplace decision latitude (perceived control over workplace decisions and less possibility of utilizing personal skills in the job) (OR = 0.62, p < 0.05), and were more overcommitted with exorbitant work ambition and need for approval (OR = 1.49, p < 0.05). Willing employees had to some extent less alcohol-related impaired work performance (presenteeism, OR = 0.78, p < 0.05), and they spent less time on care activities (OR = 0.84, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Reaching four out of ten with risky drinking habits for prevention interventions strengthens the rationale for targeting this public health problem in occupational health care settings. In particular, this study suggests the importance of ensuring secure commitment among workers, who were less willing til participate than managers. Nevertheless, tailoring recruitment and implementation strategies based on easily identifiable correlates may be onerous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Magnus Thørrisen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Tore Bonsaksen
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, VID Specialized University, Sandnes, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Sandnes, Norway.,Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Lisebet Skeie Skarpaas
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Aleksandra Sevic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers (Location VUmc), Amsterdam, Netherlands.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioral Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Division of Exercise and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Randi Wågø Aas
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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9
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Bonsaksen T, Thørrisen MM, Skogen JC, Hesse M, Aas RW. Are Demanding Job Situations Associated with Alcohol-Related Presenteeism? The WIRUS-Screening Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6169. [PMID: 34200397 PMCID: PMC8201186 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-related presenteeism (impaired work performance caused by alcohol use) is an important but under-researched topic. The aim of this study was to explore whether psychosocial work environment factors were associated with alcohol-related presenteeism. A cross sectional study of Norwegian employees (n = 6620) was conducted. Logistic regression analyses were used for estimating associations with alcohol-related presenteeism, which was reported among 473 (7.1%) of the employees. Adjusted by age, gender, education level and managerial level, higher levels of overcommitment to work were associated with alcohol-related presenteeism. Higher age, male gender and higher education were also associated with alcohol-related presenteeism. Occupational health services and employers should especially focus on overcommitted employees when designing workplace health promotion programs. Modifying attitudes towards alcohol-related presenteeism among overcommitted employees may be of importance for safety at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tore Bonsaksen
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Inland University of Applied Sciences, 2418 Elverum, Norway
- Faculty of Health Studies, VID Specialized University, 4306 Sandnes, Norway
| | - Mikkel Magnus Thørrisen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway;
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway;
- Center for Alcohol & Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 5015 Bergen, Norway
| | - Morten Hesse
- Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Aarhus University, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Randi Wågø Aas
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, 0130 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway;
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10
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Associations of alcohol use, mental health and socioeconomic status in England: Findings from a representative population survey. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 219:108463. [PMID: 33421804 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use and mental health problems often co-occur, however, little is known about how this varies by type of mental health problem and to what extent associations are explained by socioeconomic status (SES). Our study examined the prevalence and associations of non-drinking, hazardous use, and harmful/probable dependence in individuals who do and do not meet criteria for different mental health problems and whether associations remained after adjustment for SES. METHODS A secondary analysis of an English dataset, 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (N = 7,218), was conducted. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to categorise participants as non-drinking, low risk, hazardous use and harmful/probable dependence. Mental health problems were screened using a range of validated tools. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to address study aims. RESULTS The prevalence of non-drinking, hazardous and harmful/probable dependence was higher among those meeting criteria for a mental health problem. After adjustment for SES, non-drinking was most common in those meeting criteria for probable psychotic disorder (MOR = 3.42, 95 %CI = 1.74-6.70), hazardous use in those meeting criteria for anti-social personality disorder (MOR = 2.66, 95 %CI = 1.69-4.20) and harmful/probable dependence in those meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder (MOR = 9.77, 95 % CI = 4.81-19.84). CONCLUSIONS There were marked increases in the odds of reporting both non-drinking and harmful drinking among those meeting criteria for a mental health problem, particularly more severe problems. Our findings indicate that the relationship between alcohol and mental health is more complex and comorbid alcohol and mental health problems should be treated in parallel with access to both services.
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Jensen P, Haug E, Sivertsen B, Skogen JC. Satisfaction With Life, Mental Health Problems and Potential Alcohol-Related Problems Among Norwegian University Students. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:578180. [PMID: 33633602 PMCID: PMC7900511 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.578180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Recent studies have shown that today's college students more than ever are struggling with mental health and alcohol problems. While poor satisfaction with life and mental health problems have been linked to higher alcohol consumption, there is still a lack of studies examining in detail the shape and nature of the relationship between mental health and alcohol consumption. Aim: To investigate the associations between satisfaction with life, mental health problems and potential alcohol-related problems among Norwegian university students. The shape of the associations was also examined. Methods: Data were drawn from a 2018 national survey of students in higher education in Norway (the SHoT-study). Associations between satisfaction with life, mental health problems and potential alcohol-related problems (AUDIT; risky and harmful alcohol use) were investigated using logistic regression. Both crude models and models adjusted for age, gender and marital status were conducted. To investigate the shape of the associations, logistic regression with quadric and cubic terms was tested. Results: Decreased satisfaction with life and increased mental health problems were associated with potential alcohol-related problems. For satisfaction with life, a curvilinear association with risky alcohol use and a linear association with harmful alcohol use was identified. For mental health problems, curvilinear associations were found for both risky and harmful alcohol use. Conclusion: Many students report potential alcohol-related problems. Students with harmful alcohol use seem to be more at risk of reduced satisfaction with life and increased mental health problems than students with risky alcohol use. Educational institutions may be an ideal setting for raising awareness of mental health issues and responsible alcohol consumption among students. The present study contributes with important information about the shape of the associations between satisfaction with life, mental health problems and potential alcohol-related problems in the student population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Jensen
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børge Sivertsen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Research and Innovation, Helse Fonna HF, Haugesund, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway.,Alcohol & Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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Gire JT, Shaahu AI. Optimistic bias influences hazardous drinking among beer drinkers in Nigeria. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2020.1851410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James T. Gire
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, USA
| | - Alex I. Shaahu
- Josephine Mbatomon Zarah Shaahu Foundation, Makurdi, Nigeria
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Lundervold AJ, Jensen DA, Haavik J. Insomnia, Alcohol Consumption and ADHD Symptoms in Adults. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1150. [PMID: 32536897 PMCID: PMC7269111 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Substance use disorders and insomnia are common in the general population, and particularly among adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Here we investigated the relationship between insomnia, alcohol consumption and ADHD symptoms. Methods Adults with an ADHD diagnosis (n = 235, 41.3% males) and controls (n = 184, 38% males) completed a questionnaire assessing insomnia (Bergen Insomnia Scale), alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), and current ADHD symptoms (Adult ADHD Self-report Scale). The majority of the sample (95%) gave additional information about childhood ADHD symptoms (Wender Utah Rating Scale), and information about lifetime occurrence of an internalizing disorder was included as part of background information. Results Compared to controls, the ADHD group reported a higher frequency of insomnia, a higher quantity of consumed alcohol and a higher frequency of internalizing disorders. Current and childhood ADHD symptoms were more severe in those with than without insomnia. Scores on ADHD symptom scales were explained by the presence of insomnia and internalizing disorders, while the contribution from alcohol consumption was restricted to the control group. Discussion The high functional impact of insomnia, alcohol misuse and internalizing disorders is well known. The present study contributed by focusing on their relations to ADHD symptoms, and by showing that strong relations were not restricted to adults with a clinical ADHD diagnosis. By this, the results put a critical light on a categorical delineation between adults with an ADHD diagnosis and population selected controls, and call for further studies including dimensional metrics of ADHD symptoms and co-occurring problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astri J Lundervold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Daniel A Jensen
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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