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Mokari-Yamchi A, Faghfouri AH, Gholami S, Nattagh-Eshtivani E, Gheibi S. Association of household food insecurity with sociodemographic factors and obesity in US youth: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1387638. [PMID: 39086807 PMCID: PMC11288867 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1387638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The objective is to determine the prevalence of household food insecurity (HFI) based on sociodemographic factors and their relationship to obesity in youth. Methods The study included a sample of 1,962 youth (aged 6-18) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The US Household Food Security Survey Module is used to measure food security over the past 12 months. Logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) while controlling for covariates. Results In total, 27.4% of the individuals surveyed experienced HFI. Youth from food insecure households were more likely to be obese (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.59 [95% confidence interval: 1.19-2.13]) and also having abdominal obesity (aOR: 1.56 [95% CI: 1.19-2.03]). however, factors such as non-Hispanic ethnicity, having a Head of household with a college degree, and households with an income exceeding 350% of the poverty line were associated with a reduced risk of facing HFI. Conclusion Hispanic individuals, households with lower parental education levels, and lower family incomes, are disproportionately affected by food insecurity. Furthermore, HFI has been associated with an increased risk of overweight and abdominal obesity among youth. Addressing FI requires targeted policies and interventions that prioritize vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mokari-Yamchi
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Faghfouri
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Samira Gholami
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Shahsanam Gheibi
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Valente CRM, Marques CG, Nakamoto FP, Salvalágio BR, Lucin GA, Velido LCSB, Dos Reis AS, Mendes GL, Bergamo ME, Okada DN, D Angelo RA, de Lázari EC, Dos Santos Quaresma MVL. Household food insecurity among child and adolescent athletics practitioners: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study. Nutrition 2024; 123:112407. [PMID: 38503001 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to explore the prevalence of food insecurity among child and adolescent athletics practitioners and to investigate factors associated with exercise performance, dietary habits, body composition, sleep, and socioeconomic status based on food security status. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study conducted in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, between June and July 2023. The convenience sample included children and adolescents (7-17 y old) of both sexes. We evaluated exercise performance, household food insecurity (HFI), dietary-related parameters, and other body composition, lifestyle, and social-related variables. Exercise performance was assessed using the counter movement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), horizontal long jump (HLJ), 50-m sprint test (50-m ST) and throwing strength test (TST). The assessment of HFI was conducted using the food insecurity experience scale (FIES). Comparisons and associations were investigated based on food security status. RESULTS The total sample size was comprised of 138 children (n = 42; 30.4%) and adolescents (n = 96; 69.6%). We found an association between food security status and sex (X2(138,1) = 4.42; P = 0.036). SJ was higher in the food security group than in the HFI group (t(117) = 2.112; P = 0.037; ES = 0.39). Sleep- and dietary-related factors did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the prevalence of HFI among child and adolescent athletics participants was approximately 40%. Regarding exercise performance, SJ was better in the food security group than in the HFI group. Concerning dietary-related data, the HFI group had a lower number of meals per day than the food security group, and other dietary data did not differ between the groups. Body composition and sleep-related parameters were similar between the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila G Marques
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | | | - Beatriz R Salvalágio
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Gabriela L Mendes
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | - Maria Eduarda Bergamo
- Curso de Nutrição, Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo SP, Brasil; Instituto Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima, Campinas SP, Brasil
| | - Daniele N Okada
- Curso de Nutrição, Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo SP, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Antônio D Angelo
- Instituto Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima, Campinas SP, Brasil; Departamento de Ciências do Esporte, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas SP, Brasil
| | - Evandro C de Lázari
- Instituto Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima, Campinas SP, Brasil; Departamento de Ciências do Esporte, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas SP, Brasil
| | - Marcus Vinicius L Dos Santos Quaresma
- Curso de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Nutrição, Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo SP, Brasil; Curso de Nutrição, Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo SP, Brasil; Instituto Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima, Campinas SP, Brasil.
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Peral-Suárez Á, Bermejo LM, Salas-González MD, Cuadrado-Soto E, Lozano-Estevan MDC, Loria-Kohen V, González-Rodríguez LG, Aparicio A, Díaz-Olalla JM, López-Sobaler AM. Lifestyle Clusters of Diet Quality, Sleep, and Screen Time and Associations with Weight Status in Children from Madrid City: ENPIMAD Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2096. [PMID: 38999845 PMCID: PMC11243665 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood overweight and obesity is a global concern and has increased in Spain over the last decades. Combinations of lifestyle behaviors (i.e., diet, sleep, and sedentarism) are highly related to weight status. Therefore, this study aimed to identify lifestyle patterns among children from Madrid City, and analyze associations with the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity, considering socio-economic factors. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 4545 children from the ENPIMAD study with data on diet, sleep, anthropometric, and socio-economic variables. K-means cluster analysis was used to identify lifestyle clusters, and logistic regressions were used to examine the associations between socio-economic indicators and cluster membership, and between clusters and weight status. RESULTS Findings show three lifestyle clusters (healthy, mixed, and unhealthy), with boys and older children more represented in the unhealthy cluster. Food insecurity and low socio-economic status were associated with unhealthier clusters in boys and girls. Children in unhealthier clusters were more likely to have obesity and abdominal obesity. However, these associations disappeared in girls after controlling for food insecurity. CONCLUSION These results provide insight into the combination of behaviors and socio-economic factors associated with childhood obesity that may aid in the design of future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- África Peral-Suárez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura M. Bermejo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Dolores Salas-González
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Cuadrado-Soto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Lozano-Estevan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Loria-Kohen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Liliana G. González-Rodríguez
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aránzazu Aparicio
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana M. López-Sobaler
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (Á.P.-S.); (L.M.B.); (M.D.S.-G.); (E.C.-S.); (M.D.C.L.-E.); (V.L.-K.); (L.G.G.-R.); (A.A.)
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- San Carlos Health Research Institute (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Beck EA, Hetrick B, Nassar L, Turnbull DW, Dean TA, Gannon M, Aagaard KM, Wesolowski SR, Friedman JE, Kievit P, McCurdy CE. Maternal Western-style diet programs skeletal muscle gene expression in lean adolescent Japanese macaque offspring. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.17.594191. [PMID: 38826380 PMCID: PMC11142092 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.17.594191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Early-life exposure to maternal obesity or a maternal calorically dense Western-style diet (WSD) is strongly associated with a greater risk of metabolic diseases in offspring, most notably insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Prior studies in our well-characterized Japanese macaque model demonstrated that offspring of dams fed a WSD, even when weaned onto a control (CTR) diet, had reductions in skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabolism and increased skeletal muscle insulin resistance compared to offspring of dams on CTR diet. In the current study, we employed a nested design to test for differences in gene expression in skeletal muscle from lean 3-year-old adolescent offspring from dams fed a maternal WSD in both the presence and absence of maternal obesity or lean dams fed a CTR diet. We included offspring weaned to both a WSD or CTR diet to further account for differences in response to post-weaning diet and interaction effects between diets. Overall, we found that a maternal WSD fed to dams during pregnancy and lactation was the principal driver of differential gene expression (DEG) in offspring muscle at this time point. We identified key gene pathways important in insulin signaling including PI3K-Akt and MAP-kinase, regulation of muscle regeneration, and transcription-translation feedback loops, in both male and female offspring. Muscle DEG showed no measurable difference between offspring of obese dams on WSD compared to those of lean dams fed WSD. A post-weaning WSD effected offspring transcription only in individuals from the maternal CTR diet group but not in maternal WSD group. Collectively, we identify that maternal diet composition has a significant and lasting impact on offspring muscle transcriptome and influences later transcriptional response to WSD in muscle, which may underlie the increased metabolic disease risk in offspring.
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Chakraborty R, Armijos RX, Weigel MM. Household food insecurity and physical activity behaviour in Ecuadorian children and adolescents: findings from the Ecuador 2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT-2018). Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e67. [PMID: 38305098 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ecuador has a high prevalence of household food insecurity (HFI) and is undergoing nutritional and epidemiologic transition. Evidence from high-income countries has reported negative or null associations between HFI and physical activity (PA) in children. It remains uncertain whether the same is true of those from low- and middle-income countries like Ecuador whose environmental and socio-demographic characteristics are distinct from those of high-income countries. We aimed to investigate the association of HFI with PA, sedentary behaviour (SB) and anthropometric indicators in children. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of data from the nationally representative 2018 Ecuadorian National Health and Nutrition Survey. Data were collected on HFI, PA, SB, socio-demographic characteristics and measured height and weight. Unadjusted and adjusted linear, log-binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship of HFI with PA, SB, stunting and BMI-for-age. SETTING Ecuador. PARTICIPANTS 23 621 children aged 5-17 years. RESULTS Marginal and moderate-severe HFI was prevalent in 24 % and 20 % of the households, respectively. HFI was not associated with PA, SB, stunting nor underweight. Moderate-severe HFI was associated with a lower odds of overweight and obesity. However, adjustment for household assets attenuated this finding for overweight (adjusted OR:0·90, 95 % CI: 0·77, 1·05) and obesity (adjusted OR: 0·88, 95 % CI: 0·71, 1·08). CONCLUSION HFI is a burden in Ecuadorian households, but is not associated with PA, SB nor anthropometric indicators in children aged 5-17 years. However, a concerning prevalence of insufficient PA was reported, emphasising the critical need for evidence-based interventions aimed at promoting PA and reducing SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishika Chakraborty
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN47405, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Rodrigo X Armijos
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN47405, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- IU Center for Global Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - M Margaret Weigel
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN47405, USA
- Global Environmental Health Research Laboratory, Indiana University-Bloomington School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Latin American & Caribbean Studies, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- IU Center for Global Health, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Cruz Herrera E, Figueroa-Nieves AI, Woo Baidal JA. The potential role of social care in reducing childhood obesity. Curr Opin Pediatr 2024; 36:10-16. [PMID: 37972976 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review evaluates the current evidence for relationships of social factors with childhood obesity and for a role of social care in reduction of childhood obesity. RECENT FINDINGS Most literature on the relationship between social factors and childhood obesity has examined food insecurity as a risk factor for obesity. Associations between food insecurity and excess weight in children are most consistent during infancy and among those with food insecurity at more than one time point. A few pilot food security interventions that link patients with produce or groceries show feasibility and potential promise for reducing childhood obesity risk factors. However, full-scale, randomized studies to examine interventions that reduce social needs and their effects on childhood obesity are lacking. Future research is needed to examine holistic social care approaches to effectively reduce childhood obesity risk factors. SUMMARY Food insecurity acts as a barrier to childhood obesity prevention and treatment. Patient-centered, validated measures of social needs and effective interventions to address social needs are needed to equitably prevent and treat childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evianna Cruz Herrera
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York, USA
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Spaulding MO, Hoffman JR, Madu GC, Lord MN, Iizuka CS, Myers KP, Noble EE. Adolescent food insecurity in female rodents and susceptibility to diet-induced obesity. Physiol Behav 2024; 273:114416. [PMID: 38000529 PMCID: PMC10790603 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Food insecurity is defined as having limited or uncertain access to nutritious foods, and adolescent food insecurity is associated with obesity and disordered eating behaviors in humans. We developed a rodent model of adolescent food insecurity to determine whether adolescent food insecurity per se promotes increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity and altered eating behaviors during adulthood. Female juvenile Wistar rats were singly housed and assigned to three experimental diets: food-secure with standard chow (CHOW), food-secure with a high-fat/sugar Western diet (WD), and food-insecure with WD (WD-FI). Food-secure rats (CHOW and WD) received meals at fixed feeding times (9:00, 13:00, and 16:00). WD-FI rats received meals at unpredictable intervals of the above-mentioned feeding times but had isocaloric amounts of food to WD. We investigated the impact of adolescent food insecurity on motivation for sucrose (Progressive Ratio), approach-avoidance behavior for palatable high-fat food (Approach-Avoidance task), and susceptibility to weight gain and hyperphagia when given an obesogenic choice diet. Secondary outcomes were the effects of food insecurity during development on anxiety-like behaviors (Open Field and Elevated Plus Maze) and learning and memory function (Novel Location Recognition task). Rodents with adolescent food insecurity showed a greater trend of weight gain and significantly increased fat mass and liver fat accumulation on an obesogenic diet in adulthood, despite no increases in motivation for sucrose or high-fat food. These data suggest that adolescent unpredictable food access increases susceptibility to diet-induced fat gain without impacting food motivation or food intake in female rodents. These findings are among a small group of recent studies modeling food insecurity in rodents and suggest that adolescent food insecurity in females may have long-term implications for metabolic physiology later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai O Spaulding
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Jessica R Hoffman
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Grace C Madu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Magen N Lord
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Caroline Soares Iizuka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Kevin P Myers
- Department of Psychology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, United States
| | - Emily E Noble
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, 305 Sanford Drive, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
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Martinez-Brockman JL, Hromi-Fiedler A, Galusha D, Oladele C, Acosta L, Adams OP, Maharaj RG, Nazario CM, Nunez M, Nunez-Smith M, Pérez-Escamilla R. Risk factors for household food insecurity in the Eastern Caribbean Health Outcomes Research Network cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1269857. [PMID: 38074748 PMCID: PMC10702572 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1269857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, 1.3 billion people were considered food insecure as of 2022. In the Caribbean region, the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity was 71.3% as of 2020, the highest of all subregions in Latin America. Experienced based measurement scales, like the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale, are efficient measurement tools of food insecurity used globally. The Eastern Caribbean Health Outcomes Research Network (ECHORN) Cohort Study is a population-based longitudinal cohort study in the two Caribbean U.S. territories of Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, as well as in Barbados and Trinidad & Tobago. The purpose of this research was to examine the demographic, psychosocial, behavioral, and environmental risk factors associated with household food insecurity (HFI) among adults ≥40 years of age in the ECHORN cohort. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of baseline ECHORN cohort study data was conducted. The primary outcome was household food insecurity (none, mild, moderate/severe). A total of 16 known and potential risk factors were examined for their association with HFI. The ANOVA and chi-square statistics were used in bivariate analysis. Ordinal logistic regression was used for the multivariable and sex stratified analyses. Results More than one-quarter of the sample (27.3%) experienced HFI. In bivariate analyses, all risk factors examined except for sex, were significantly associated with HFI status. In the multivariable analysis, all variables except sex, education, marital status, smoking status, and residing in Puerto Rico were significant predictors of HFI in the adjusted model. In sex stratified analysis, depression, food availability, self-rated physical health, and island site were significantly associated with increased odds of worsening HFI for women, but not for men. Source of potable water was an important risk factor for both men and women. Discussion The prevalence of HFI in the ECHORN cohort study is comparable to other studies conducted in the region. While women did not have an increased risk of HFI compared to men, a different set of risk factors affected their vulnerability to HFI. More research is needed to understand how water and food security are interrelated in the ECHORN cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa L. Martinez-Brockman
- Equity Research and Innovation Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Amber Hromi-Fiedler
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Deron Galusha
- Equity Research and Innovation Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Carol Oladele
- Equity Research and Innovation Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Lisbette Acosta
- Equity Research and Innovation Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - O. Peter Adams
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Cave Hill, Barbados
| | - Rohan G. Maharaj
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Saint Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Cruz M. Nazario
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Puerto Rico at Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Maxine Nunez
- School of Nursing, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands
| | - Marcella Nunez-Smith
- Equity Research and Innovation Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Rafael Pérez-Escamilla
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
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Dubois L, Bédard B, Goulet D, Prud'homme D, Tremblay RE, Boivin M. Experiencing food insecurity in childhood: influences on eating habits and body weight in young adulthood. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:2396-2406. [PMID: 37665116 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023001854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine how food insecurity in childhood up to adolescence relates to eating habits and weight status in young adulthood. DESIGN A longitudinal study design was used to derive trajectories of household food insecurity from age 4·5 to 13 years. Multivariable linear and logistical regression analyses were performed to model associations between being at high risk of food insecurity from age 4·5 to 13 years and both dietary and weight outcomes at age 22 years. SETTING A birth cohort study conducted in the Province of Quebec, Canada. PARTICIPANTS In total, 698 young adults participating in the Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development. RESULTS After adjusting for sex, maternal education and immigrant status, household income and type of family, being at high risk (compared with low risk) of food insecurity in childhood up to adolescence was associated with consuming higher quantities of sugar-sweetened beverages (ßadj: 0·64; 95 % CI (0·27, 1·00)), non-whole-grain cereal products (ßadj: 0·32; 95 % CI (0·07, 0·56)) and processed meat (ßadj: 0·14; 95 % CI (0·02, 0·25)), with skipping breakfast (ORadj: 1·97; 95 % CI (1·08, 3·53)), with eating meals prepared out of home (ORadj: 3·38; 95 % CI (1·52, 9·02)), with experiencing food insecurity (ORadj: 3·03; 95 % CI (1·91, 4·76)) and with being obese (ORadj: 2·01; 95 % CI (1·12, 3·64)), once reaching young adulthood. CONCLUSION Growing up in families experiencing food insecurity may negatively influence eating habits and weight status later in life. Our findings reinforce the importance of public health policies and programmes tackling poverty and food insecurity, particularly for families with young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Dubois
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand, Ottawa, ONK1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Brigitte Bédard
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand, Ottawa, ONK1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - Danick Goulet
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand, Ottawa, ONK1G 5Z3, Canada
| | | | - Richard E Tremblay
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment (GRIP), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michel Boivin
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Button AM, Paluch RA, Schechtman KB, Wilfley DE, Geller N, Quattrin T, Cook SR, Eneli IU, Epstein LH. Parents, but not their children, demonstrate greater delay discounting with resource scarcity. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1983. [PMID: 37828503 PMCID: PMC10568819 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16832-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with obesity tend to discount the future (delay discounting), focusing on immediate gratification. Delay discounting is reliably related to indicators of economic scarcity (i.e., insufficient resources), including lower income and decreased educational attainment in adults. It is unclear whether the impact of these factors experienced by parents also influence child delay discounting between the ages of 8 and 12-years in families with obesity. METHODS The relationship between indices of family income and delay discounting was studied in 452 families with parents and 6-12-year-old children with obesity. Differences in the relationships between parent economic, educational and Medicaid status, and parent and child delay discounting were tested. RESULTS Results showed lower parent income (p = 0.019) and Medicaid status (p = 0.021) were differentially related to greater parent but not child delay discounting among systematic responders. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest differences in how indicators of scarcity influence delay discounting for parents and children, indicating that adults with scarce resources may be shaped to focus on immediate needs instead of long-term goals. It is possible that parents can reduce the impact of economic scarcity on their children during preadolescent years. These findings suggest a need for policy change to alleviate the burden of scarce conditions and intervention to modify delay discounting rate and to improve health-related choices and to address weight disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa M Button
- Division of Population and Public Health Science, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Rocco A Paluch
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Building #26, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Kenneth B Schechtman
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Denise E Wilfley
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nancy Geller
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Teresa Quattrin
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Building #26, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Stephen R Cook
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ihouma U Eneli
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Leonard H Epstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Building #26, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
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