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Zhao L, Kan Y, Wang L, Pan J, Li Y, Zhu H, Yang Z, Xiao L, Fu X, Peng F, Ren H. Roles of long non‑coding RNA SNHG16 in human digestive system cancer (Review). Oncol Rep 2024; 52:106. [PMID: 38940337 PMCID: PMC11234248 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of tumors in the human digestive system is relatively high, including esophageal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. These malignancies arise from a complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Among them, long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which cannot be translated into proteins, serve an important role in the development, progression, migration and prognosis of tumors. Small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) is a typical lncRNA, and its relationship with digestive system tumors has been widely explored. The prevailing hypothesis suggests that the principal molecular mechanism of SNHG16 in digestive system tumors involves it functioning as a competitive endogenous RNA that interacts with other proteins, regulates various genes and influences a downstream target molecule. The present review summarizes recent research on the relationship between SNHG16 and numerous types of digestive system cancer, encompassing its biological functions, underlying mechanisms and potential clinical implications. Furthermore, it outlines the association between SNHG16 expression and pertinent risk factors, such as smoking, infection and diet. The present review indicated the promise of SNHG16 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in human digestive system cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Yuling Kan
- Central Laboratory of Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256600, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Jiquan Pan
- School of Clinical Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfa Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xiao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Fu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Fujun Peng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
- Weifang Key Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation of Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment and Molecular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
| | - Haipeng Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, P.R. China
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Boysen ML, Troelsen FS, Sørensen HT, Erichsen R. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer: clinical and molecular characteristics and survival. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:1043-1052. [PMID: 38483686 PMCID: PMC11217032 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01861-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies suggest that patients with type two diabetes mellitus (T2D) may be at increased risk of post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC). We investigated clinical and molecular characteristics and survival of T2D patients with PCCRC to elucidate how T2D-related PCCRC may arise. METHODS We identified T2D patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) from 1995 to 2015 and computed prevalence ratios (PRs) comparing clinical and molecular characteristics of CRC in T2D patients with PCCRC vs. in T2D patients with colonoscopy-detected CRC (dCRC). We also followed T2D patients from the diagnosis of PCCRC/dCRC until death, emigration, or study end and compared mortality using Cox-proportional hazards regression models adjusted for sex, age, year of CRC diagnosis, and CRC stage. RESULTS Compared with dCRC, PCCRC was associated with a higher prevalence of proximal CRCs (54% vs. 40%; PR: 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-1.62) in T2D patients. We found no difference between PCCRC vs. dCRC for CRC stage, histology, and mismatch repair status. The proportion of CRCs that could be categorized as PCCRC decreased over time. Within one year after CRC, 63% of PCCRC vs. 78% of dCRC patients were alive (hazard ratio [HR] 1.85 [95% CI 1.47-2.31]). Within five years after CRC, 44% of PCCRC vs. 54% of dCRC patients were still alive (HR 1.44 [95% CI 1.11-1.87]). CONCLUSION The increased prevalence of proximally located PCCRCs and the poorer survival may suggest overlooked colorectal lesions as a predominant explanation for T2D-related PCCRC, although altered tumor progression cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette L Boysen
- Department of Surgery, Gødstrup Regional Hospital, 7400, Herning, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Frederikke S Troelsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
- Department of Surgery, Randers Regional Hospital, 8930, Randers, Denmark.
| | - Henrik T Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Rune Erichsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Olof Palmes Allé 43-45, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Surgery, Randers Regional Hospital, 8930, Randers, Denmark
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Zha JM, Zhang M, Wang T, Li HS, Ban QY, Liu M, Jiang XX, Guo SY, Wang J, Zhou YR, Liu YH, He WQ, Xu H. Association of Overweight and Inflammatory Indicators with Breast Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Women. Int J Womens Health 2024; 16:783-795. [PMID: 38737496 PMCID: PMC11086397 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s428696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association of overweight and inflammatory indicators with breast cancer risk in Chinese patients. Methods Weight, height, and peripheral blood inflammatory indicators, including white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil count (NE), lymphocyte count (LY), platelet count (PLT) and the concentration of hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), were collected in 383 patients with benign breast lumps (non-cancer) and 358 patients with malignant breast tumors (cancer) at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China, from March 2018 to July 2020. Body mass index (BMI), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) were determined according to the ratio equation. The correlations among overweight, inflammatory indicators, and the proportion of non-cancer or cancer cases were analyzed. Results BMI is associated with an increased breast cancer risk. Compared with non-cancer patients, the average WBC count, NE count, NLR, and level of hsCRP were significantly higher in cancer patients. The level of hsCRP was closely associated with the size of malignant breast tumors. Conclusion We conclude that overweight and high levels of hsCRP may serve as putative risk factors for malignant breast tumors in Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Min Zha
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda (CAM-SU) Genomic Resource Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua-Shan Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda (CAM-SU) Genomic Resource Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan-Yao Ban
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Xue Jiang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ying Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda (CAM-SU) Genomic Resource Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda (CAM-SU) Genomic Resource Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda (CAM-SU) Genomic Resource Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda (CAM-SU) Genomic Resource Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qi He
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Cambridge-Suda (CAM-SU) Genomic Resource Center, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, People’s Republic of China
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Lin YC, Ko HJ, Yu LY, Chen MJ, Wang HY, Shih SC, Liu CC, Kuo YC, Hu KC. Interaction of Colorectal Neoplasm Risk Factors and Association with Metabolic Health Status Focusing on Normal Waist-to-Hip Ratio in Adults. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1617. [PMID: 38730569 PMCID: PMC11082970 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the interaction between colorectal adenoma risks among asymptomatic individuals in terms of metabolic health status and obesity, and examine the normal waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in adults with colorectal adenoma risk. METHODS A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted at MacKay Memorial Hospital involving 16,996 participants who underwent bidirectional gastrointestinal endoscopy between 2013 and 2023. The study recorded important clinicopathological characteristics, including age, body mass index and WHR, Framingham Risk Score (FRS), blood glucose level, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection status. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that elevated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), increased FRS, positive H. pylori infection, and WHR ≥ 0.9 are independent risk factors for colorectal adenoma. In examining the interaction between FRS and WHR using multivariate logistic regression to evaluate adenoma risk, the OR for the interaction term was 0.95, indicating a decline in adenoma risk when considering the interaction between these two factors. Incorporating HbA1c into the analysis, evaluating the interaction between FRS and WHR still demonstrated a statistically significant impact on adenoma risk (OR 0.96, p < 0.001). Participants with WHR < 0.9, elevated FRS, positive H. pylori infection, and increased HbA1c levels were associated with a higher risk of colorectal adenoma formation. Remarkably, the increased risk of adenoma due to rising HbA1c levels was statistically significant only for those with a WHR < 0.9. CONCLUSIONS An increase in FRS and HbA1c or a positive H. pylori infection still warrants vigilance for colorectal adenoma risk when WHR is 0.9. These factors interacted with each other and were found to have a minimal decline in adenoma risk when considering the interaction between WHR and FRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ju Ko
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (H.-J.K.); (C.-C.L.)
| | - Lo-Yip Yu
- Healthy Evaluation Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (L.-Y.Y.); (H.-Y.W.); (S.-C.S.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Ming-Jen Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
| | - Horng-Yuan Wang
- Healthy Evaluation Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (L.-Y.Y.); (H.-Y.W.); (S.-C.S.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Shou-Chuan Shih
- Healthy Evaluation Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (L.-Y.Y.); (H.-Y.W.); (S.-C.S.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Chuan-Chuan Liu
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (H.-J.K.); (C.-C.L.)
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Che Kuo
- Healthy Evaluation Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (L.-Y.Y.); (H.-Y.W.); (S.-C.S.); (Y.-C.K.)
| | - Kuang-Chun Hu
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan; (H.-J.K.); (C.-C.L.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
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Xiong J, Wu Y, Chen D, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Luo J, Xu H. MAFLD with central obesity is associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:138. [PMID: 38649845 PMCID: PMC11034043 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the risk factors associated with colorectal adenoma and to investigate the associations of metabolism-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with obesity, colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma. METHODS A total of 1395 subjects were enrolled and divided into a colorectal adenoma group (593 subjects) and a control group (802 subjects) according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The characteristics of patients in the colorectal adenoma group and the control group were compared by the chi-square test. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to analyze independent risk factors and associations with different MAFLD subtypes. Colorectal adenoma characteristics and the proportion of patients with high-risk colorectal adenoma were also compared. RESULTS High-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was significantly lower in patients in the colorectal adenoma group than in those in the control group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, obesity status, central obesity status, hypertension status, diabetes status, fatty liver status, smoking history, BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride level, HDL-C level, fasting blood glucose level and degree of hepatic steatosis were all independent risk factors for colorectal adenoma. Notably, MAFLD was associated with a significantly increased risk of colorectal adenoma in patients with central obesity (P < 0.001). In addition, obesity, central obesity, diabetes, fatty liver and degree of hepatic steatosis were all shown to be independent risk factors for high-risk colorectal adenoma. In addition, a greater proportion of MAFLD patients with central obesity than those without central obesity had high-risk colorectal adenoma. CONCLUSION MAFLD and central obesity are independently associated with the development of colorectal adenoma. MAFLD with central obesity is associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Xiong
- Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yijun Wu
- The 2nd Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dongya Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhaolin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yihui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiandong Luo
- Endoscopy Center, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, 208 Huancheng Dong Road, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
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Roshandel G, Ghasemi-Kebria F, Malekzadeh R. Colorectal Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1530. [PMID: 38672612 PMCID: PMC11049480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality worldwide. There are disparities in the epidemiology of CRC across different populations, most probably due to differences in exposure to lifestyle and environmental factors related to CRC. Prevention is the most effective method for controlling CRC. Primary prevention includes determining and avoiding modifiable risk factors (e.g., alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary factors) as well as increasing protective factors (e.g., physical activity, aspirin). Further studies, especially randomized, controlled trials, are needed to clarify the association between CRC incidence and exposure to different risk factors or protective factors. Detection and removal of precancerous colorectal lesions is also an effective strategy for controlling CRC. Multiple factors, both at the individual and community levels (e.g., patient preferences, availability of screening modalities, costs, benefits, and adverse events), should be taken into account in designing and implementing CRC screening programs. Health policymakers should consider the best decision in identifying the starting age and selection of the most effective screening strategies for the target population. This review aims to present updated evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49178-67439, Iran; (G.R.); (F.G.-K.)
| | - Fatemeh Ghasemi-Kebria
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan 49178-67439, Iran; (G.R.); (F.G.-K.)
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-13135, Iran
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Liu Y, Hou Y, Zhang F, Wang X. ENO1 deletion potentiates ferroptosis and decreases glycolysis in colorectal cancer cells via AKT/STAT3 signaling. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:127. [PMID: 38414789 PMCID: PMC10895580 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevailing and lethal forms of cancer globally. α-enolase (ENO1) has been well documented to be involved in the progression and drug resistance of CRC. The present study was designed to specify the role of ENO1 in major events during the process of CRC and to introduce its latent functional mechanism. ENO1 expression was determined by western blot analysis. Extracellular acidification rates were assessed using an XF96 extracellular flux analyzer. Glucose uptake, lactic acid production, total iron levels and ferroptosis-related markers were examined with corresponding kits. A dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate probe measured intracellular reactive oxygen species content. Western blotting detected the expression of glycolysis- and ferroptosis-related proteins. CCK-8 and EdU staining assays assessed cell proliferation. In the current study, ENO1 was highly expressed in CRC cells. Knockdown of ENO1 markedly reduced the glycolysis and accelerated the ferroptosis in CRC cells. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of WZB117, a specific inhibitor of glycolysis-related glucose transporter type 1, on CRC cell proliferation were further enhanced by ENO1 interference. In addition, silencing of ENO1 inactivated the AKT/STAT3 signaling. The AKT activator SC79 partially reversed the effects of ENO1 deficiency on the AKT/STAT3 signaling, glycolysis, proliferation as well as ferroptosis in CRC cells. In summary, inactivation of AKT/STAT3 signaling mediated by ENO1 inhibition might boost the ferroptosis and suppress the glycolysis in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Yinyin Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Xifang Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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Liang Y, Ban Y, Liu L, Li Y. Inhibitory Effects of the Polyphenols from the Root of Rhizophora apiculata Blume on Fatty Acid Synthase Activity and Human Colon Cancer Cells. Molecules 2024; 29:1180. [PMID: 38474695 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine mangrove vegetation has been traditionally employed in folk medicine to address various ailments. Notably, Rhizophora apiculata Blume has exhibited noteworthy properties, demonstrating efficacy against cancer, viruses, and bacteria. The enzyme fatty acid synthase (FAS) plays a pivotal role in de novo fatty acid synthesis, making it a promising target for combating colon cancer. Our study focused on evaluating the FAS inhibitory effects of both the crude extract and three isolated compounds from R. apiculata. The n-butanol fraction of R. apiculata extract (BFR) demonstrated a significant inhibition of FAS, with an IC50 value of 93.0 µg/mL. For inhibition via lyoniresinol-3α-O-β-rhamnopyranoside (LR), the corresponding IC50 value was 20.1 µg/mL (35.5 µM). LR competitively inhibited the FAS reaction with acetyl-CoA, noncompetitively with malonyl-CoA, and in a mixed manner with NADPH. Our results also suggest that both BFR and LR reversibly bind to the KR domain of FAS, hindering the reduction of saturated acyl groups in fatty acid synthesis. Furthermore, BFR and LR displayed time-dependent inhibition for FAS, with kobs values of 0.0045 min-1 and 0.026 min-1, respectively. LR also exhibited time-dependent inhibition on the KR domain, with a kobs value of 0.019 min-1. In human colon cancer cells, LR demonstrated the ability to reduce viability and inhibit intracellular FAS activity. Notably, the effects of LR on human colon cancer cells could be reversed with the end product of FAS-catalyzed chemical reactions, affirming the specificity of LR on FAS. These findings underscore the potential of BFR and LR as potent FAS inhibitors, presenting novel avenues for the treatment of human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- School of Sports Sciences, Beijing Sport University, No. 48, Xinxi Road, Beijing 100084, China
- School of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No. 11, Beisanhuanxi Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue Ban
- School of Kinesiology and Health, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No. 11, Beisanhuanxi Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yanchun Li
- School of Sports Sciences, Beijing Sport University, No. 48, Xinxi Road, Beijing 100084, China
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Lee KC, Chung KC, Chen HH, Cheng KC, Wu KL, Song LC. Potential beneficial effects of long-term aspirin use on the prevalence of colorectal cancer: a population-based study of the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:477-486. [PMID: 37855925 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Whether long-term aspirin usage is associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk needs more evidence. The study evaluated the association between long-term aspirin use and prevalence of CRC in a large, nationally representative database. METHODS Hospitalized patients aged ≥ 50 years during 2018 were identified in the United States (US) National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Patients without complete information of age, sex, race, income, and insurance status were excluded, as well as those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or malignancies other than CRC. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance the characteristics between patients with and without long-term aspirin use. Logistic regressions were performed to determine the relationship between long-term aspirin use and the presence of CRC. CRC and aspirin use were identified through the administrative International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. RESULTS Data from 3,490,226 patients were included, in which 688,018 (19.7%) had a record of long-term aspirin use. After 1:1 PSM, there remained 1,376,006 patients, representing 6,880,029 individuals in the US after weighting. After adjusting for confounders, long-term aspirin use was significantly associated with lower CRC odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62, 0.67). This association was not changed when stratified by age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and smoking. CONCLUSIONS From a national inpatient dataset, US adults ≥ 50 years on long-term aspirin are less likely to have CRC, regardless of age, sex, race, BMI, and smoking status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Chao Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chih Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Hwa Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Chuan Cheng
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Lin Wu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Chiao Song
- Division of Colon & Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Fan W, Adebowale K, Váncza L, Li Y, Rabbi MF, Kunimoto K, Chen D, Mozes G, Chiu DKC, Li Y, Tao J, Wei Y, Adeniji N, Brunsing RL, Dhanasekaran R, Singhi A, Geller D, Lo SH, Hodgson L, Engleman EG, Charville GW, Charu V, Monga SP, Kim T, Wells RG, Chaudhuri O, Török NJ. Matrix viscoelasticity promotes liver cancer progression in the pre-cirrhotic liver. Nature 2024; 626:635-642. [PMID: 38297127 PMCID: PMC10866704 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) mechanics contribute to cancer development1,2, and increased stiffness is known to promote HCC progression in cirrhotic conditions3,4. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by an accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in the ECM; however, how this affects HCC in non-cirrhotic conditions is unclear. Here we find that, in patients and animal models, AGEs promote changes in collagen architecture and enhance ECM viscoelasticity, with greater viscous dissipation and faster stress relaxation, but not changes in stiffness. High AGEs and viscoelasticity combined with oncogenic β-catenin signalling promote HCC induction, whereas inhibiting AGE production, reconstituting the AGE clearance receptor AGER1 or breaking AGE-mediated collagen cross-links reduces viscoelasticity and HCC growth. Matrix analysis and computational modelling demonstrate that lower interconnectivity of AGE-bundled collagen matrix, marked by shorter fibre length and greater heterogeneity, enhances viscoelasticity. Mechanistically, animal studies and 3D cell cultures show that enhanced viscoelasticity promotes HCC cell proliferation and invasion through an integrin-β1-tensin-1-YAP mechanotransductive pathway. These results reveal that AGE-mediated structural changes enhance ECM viscoelasticity, and that viscoelasticity can promote cancer progression in vivo, independent of stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Fan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kolade Adebowale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lóránd Váncza
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Li
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Md Foysal Rabbi
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Koshi Kunimoto
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Dongning Chen
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Gergely Mozes
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - David Kung-Chun Chiu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yisi Li
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Junyan Tao
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi Wei
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Nia Adeniji
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ryan L Brunsing
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Renumathy Dhanasekaran
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Aatur Singhi
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Geller
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Su Hao Lo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Vivek Charu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Taeyoon Kim
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rebecca G Wells
- Departments of Medicine and Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ovijit Chaudhuri
- Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Natalie J Török
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- VA, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Wu N, Chen Y, Li G. Association of High Body Mass Index in Early Life With the Development of Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Control 2024; 31:10732748241270582. [PMID: 39109953 PMCID: PMC11307362 DOI: 10.1177/10732748241270582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE This study on the relationship between early life high BMI and the development of CRC reveals the role of high BMI during childhood and adolescence in the occurrence and progression of CRC. It suggests the importance of restoring normal weight or reducing weight in individuals with high BMI early in life for the prevention of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Yangyang Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Guosheng Li
- Department of anorectal surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
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12
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Al-Muftah M, Al-Ejeh F. Cancer Incidence and Mortality Estimates in Arab Countries in 2018: A GLOBOCAN Data Analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:1738-1746. [PMID: 37733340 PMCID: PMC10690144 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arab countries are projecting increase in cancer incidence and mortality; however, there are limited studies that compare the epidemiology of cancer in Arab countries compared with other parts of the world. METHODS We used the 2018 Global Cancer Observatory data to compare the age-standardized incidence and mortality estimates in Arab-speaking countries to the rest of the world. RESULTS Rates for incidence and mortality for all cancers in Arab countries were lower than the world's rates but the incidence rates of non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin lymphoma, bladder, breast, and liver cancers were higher. Arab countries generally had higher mortality-to-incidence ratio than the world's ratio. Incidence rates, even in age-specific groups, varied between subregions of Arab countries (the Levant, Arabian Gulf, and Arab African subregions), and Iraq and Egypt, suggesting some common and unique environmental factors and possible ethnic or genetic heritages. CONCLUSIONS There are essential scopes for improvements in Arab countries including better treatments to reduce the high mortality-to-incidence ratio, and supporting vaccination programs and antiviral treatments that would prevent the prevalent viral infection-related cancers. The high incidence of several cancers in younger Arabs suggests genetic factors and underlines the importance of genetic epidemiology studies. IMPACT This study is an essential reference to evaluate and monitor the progress of national cancer initiatives in Arab countries for surveillance and prevention programs and improving clinical management. The study also provides a comprehensive snapshot of cancers in a unique region that could shed light on the interplay of environmental, lifestyle, and genetic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Al-Muftah
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fares Al-Ejeh
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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13
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Park SB, Yoon JY, Kwak MS, Cha JM. Clinical and pathological characteristics of early-onset colorectal cancer in South Korea. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:358-364. [PMID: 37470634 PMCID: PMC10754381 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_35_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) may differ by race and ethnicity, and recently South Korea has witnessed a surge in cases. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and pathological features of patients with EOCRC, and to determine the predictors of overall survival. Methods In this retrospective study, EOCRC was defined as CRC diagnosed in patients aged < 50 years, and late-onset CRC was defined as CRC diagnosed in those over 75 years of age. The clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with EOCRC were compared with late-onset CRC. We also used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to find predictors of overall survival in patients with EOCRC. Results The proportion of early-onset CRC was 9.1% of 518 patients with CRC, and the clinical and pathological characteristics were similar between early-onset (n = 47) and late-onset CRC (n = 134). However, EOCRC had a preponderance for distal tumor location (70.2% vs. 50.7%, P = 0.02) and T1-2 stage disease (23.4% vs. 11.2%, P = 0.04), compared with those of late-onset CRC. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, only vascular invasion (hazard ratio = 8.75, 95% confidence interval 1.139‒67.197) was found to be a risk factor for overall survival (P = 0.04) for patients with CRC. Conclusion EOCRC had preponderance for distal tumor location and early T-stage disease, compared with late-onset CRC. Considering the increasing incidence of EOCRC, more studies on clinical and pathological characteristics of EOCRC may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Bee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Young Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Seob Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Myung Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Ionescu VA, Gheorghe G, Bacalbasa N, Chiotoroiu AL, Diaconu C. Colorectal Cancer: From Risk Factors to Oncogenesis. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1646. [PMID: 37763765 PMCID: PMC10537191 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Numerous pathophysiological mechanisms, such as abnormal cell proliferation, cell differentiation, resistance to apoptosis, invasion of structures adjacent to colorectal tumor cells, and distant metastasis, are involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. These processes are initiated by the complex interaction of a number of genetic and environmental factors, including sedentary lifestyle, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, or gut microbiota. Despite the significant progress achieved in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with colorectal cancer, there has been recently a noteworthy increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in individuals below the age of 50 years. Early-onset colorectal cancer has a different frequency of oncogenic mutations, a higher prevalence of mucinous histology, a distinct deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation profile, a more distal location, and lower survival rates. A significant improvement in the prognosis of these patients can be achieved through the detection and removal of modifiable risk factors, along with the implementation of personalized screening strategies for individuals at high risk for this malignancy. Furthermore, gaining comprehension of the pathophysiological mechanisms by which these risk factors contribute to the process of oncogenesis may facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Alexandru Ionescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.I.); (N.B.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 105402 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Cellular and Mollecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina Gheorghe
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.I.); (N.B.)
- Department of Cellular and Mollecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Romanian Academy, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
- Gastroenterology Department, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 105402 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nicolae Bacalbasa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.I.); (N.B.)
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Camelia Diaconu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.I.); (N.B.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, 105402 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050085 Bucharest, Romania
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15
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Masood L, Müller A, Ali NZ, Mummadisetty A, Yahya A, Burugu SS, Sajid R, Lakkimsetti M, Sagireddy S, Abdin ZU, Nazir Z. A Narrative Literature Review on Sepsis: A Primary Manifestation of Colorectal Neoplasm. Cureus 2023; 15:e44803. [PMID: 37809261 PMCID: PMC10560076 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis and colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibit a complex relationship that warrants further exploration. This review delves into the interplay of factors between sepsis and CRC, uncovering shared pathophysiological traits and potential bacterial associations. Understanding these connections could pave the way for earlier diagnosis, improved management, and enhanced outcomes in CRC patients. The role of immune system dysfunction, hypoalbuminemia, and specific microbial imbalances, such as Streptococcus bovis and Clostridium septicum, are discussed. Recognizing sepsis in CRC patients is crucial for timely intervention, and tailored approaches encompassing antibiotic therapy, source control measures, and cancer treatment are essential for comprehensive care. Monitoring biomarkers and ratios can provide valuable insights into complications and overall health outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach involving various specialists is necessary to address the global burden of CRC and its association with sepsis while exploring novel interventions, such as fecal microbiota transplantation and personalized care. We conducted a thorough search using reputable databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to investigate the connection between sepsis and CRC. We refined our search terms, utilized sidebar filters, and examined references in selected articles. This meticulous process helped us create a comprehensive literature review and gain valuable insights into this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalain Masood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bahria University Health Sciences Campus, Karachi, PAK
| | - Agustina Müller
- Department of General Medicine, Austral University Hospital, Pilar, ARG
| | - Nayab Z Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sialkot Medical College, Sialkot, PAK
| | - Anvitha Mummadisetty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Modern Government Maternity Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Anam Yahya
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Navi Mumbai, IND
| | | | - Rabia Sajid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, PAK
| | - Mohit Lakkimsetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mamata Medical College, Khammam, IND
| | - Sowmya Sagireddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Coney Island Hospital, New York, USA
| | - Zain U Abdin
- Department of Internal Medicine, District Head Quarter Hospital, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Zahra Nazir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, PAK
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16
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Wu J, Tang L, Zheng F, Chen X, Li L. A review of the last decade: pancreatic cancer and type 2 diabetes. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37646618 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2252204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal tumour known for its high degree of malignancy, resulting in a mere 10% five-year survival rate for most patients. Over the past decade, a growing body of research has shed light on the intricate bidirectional association between PC and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The collection of PC- and T2DM-related articles is derived from two comprehensive databases, namely WOS (Web of Science Core Collection) and CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure). This article discusses the last 10 years of research trends in PC and T2DM and explores their potential regulatory relationship as well as related medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Department of General Medicine, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Xun Chen
- Department of the Trauma center, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
- Department of hepatobiliary surgery, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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17
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Hajipour A, Ardekanizadeh NH, Roumi Z, Shekari S, Aminnezhad Kavkani B, Shalmani SHM, Bahar B, Tajadod S, Ajami M, Tabesh GA, Gholamalizadeh M, Doaei S. The effect of FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism on the association between colorectal cancer and different types of dietary fat intake: a case-control study. J Physiol Anthropol 2023; 42:17. [PMID: 37543622 PMCID: PMC10404375 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-023-00333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Some dietary factors such as fat intake have been identified as the risk factors for CRC. This study aimed to investigate the effect of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene rs9939609 polymorphism on the association between CRC and different types of dietary fats. METHODS This case-control study was performed on 135 CRC cases and 294 healthy controls in Tehran, Iran. Data on demographic factors, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, the intake of different types of dietary fats, and FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism was collected from all participants. The association between cancer and dietary fat intake in individuals with different FTO genotypes was assessed using different models of logistic regression. RESULTS Oleic acid intake was higher in the case group compared to the control group in both people with TT (7.2±3.46 vs. 5.83±3.06 g/d, P=0.02) and AA/AT genotypes (8.7±6.23 vs. 5.57 ±3.2 g/d, P<0.001). Among carriers of AA/AT genotypes of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism, a positive association was found between CRC and higher intakes of oleic acid (OR=1.12, CI95% 1.03-1.21, P=0.01) and cholesterol (OR=1.01, CI95% 1.00-1.02; P=0.01) after adjusting for age, sex, physical activity, alcohol use, smoking, calorie intake, and body mass index. CONCLUSION Higher intakes of cholesterol and oleic acid were associated with a higher risk of CRC in FTO-risk allele carriers. The association of CRC and dietary fat may be influenced by the FTO genotype. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Hajipour
- School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Roumi
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Shekari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Bojlul Bahar
- Nutrition Sciences and Applied Food Safety Studies, Research Centre for Global Development, School of Sport & Health Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Shirin Tajadod
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Ajami
- Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi Tabesh
- Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang H, Zhou L, Zhu J. Correlations of high molecular weight adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and vascular endothelial growth factors with occurrence of colonic polyps in the prediabetic population. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2023; 85:465-475. [PMID: 37829476 PMCID: PMC10565577 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.85.3.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the correlations of high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW-ADP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) with the occurrence of colonic polyps in the prediabetic population. Two hundred patients with prediabetes were enrolled, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into group A (75 patients with colonic polyps) and group B (125 patients without colonic polyps). Eighty patients with normal glucose tolerance in the same period were divided into group C (32 patients with normal glucose tolerance and colonic polyps) and group D (48 patients with normal glucose tolerance but no colonic polyps). The correlations of serum HMW-ADP, TNF-α and VEGF levels with plasma glucose and insulin levels were explored by Pearson's analysis. The factors influencing the occurrence of colonic polyps were determined by logistic regression analysis. Serum HMW-ADP was negatively correlated with TNF-α, VEGFs, FPG, 2hPG, FI and HOMA-IR (r<0, P<0.05), whereas serum TNF-α and VEGFs were positively correlated with FPG, 2hPG, FI and HOMA-IR (r>0, P<0.05). Age, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, history of smoking, history of drinking, family history of colon cancer, TNF-α and VEGF were independent risk factors [odds ratio (OR)>1, P<0.05], and HMW-ADP was a protective factor (OR<1, P<0.05). The areas under the curves of serum HMW-ADP, TNF-α, VEGFs and their combination for predicting the occurrence of colonic polyps were 0.899, 0.787, 0.908 and 0.922, respectively. The combination of HMW-ADP, TNF-α and VEGFs can effectively predict the occurrence of colonic polyps in prediabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafen Zhang
- Department of General Practice, People's Hospital of Jingning She Autonomous County, Jingning, China
| | - Lilan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Junjun Zhu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, China
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Popovici D, Stanisav C, Saftescu S, Negru S, Dragomir R, Ciurescu D, Diaconescu R. Exploring the Influence of Age, Gender and Body Mass Index on Colorectal Cancer Location. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1399. [PMID: 37629689 PMCID: PMC10456780 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The global burden of non-communicable diseases like obesity and cancer, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), is increasing. The present study aimed to investigate the association between CRC location (proximal vs. distal) and patient demographic factors including age, sex, and BMI, as well as cancer stage at diagnosis. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from 830 patients diagnosed with CRC were analyzed. The variables included age, sex, weight, height, BMI, cancer location, and cancer stage at diagnosis. Patients were stratified into three age groups and three BMI categories, and we analyzed the association between cancer location and these variables using Chi-squared tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The rectum and ascending colon were the most common locations of malignant neoplasms. No statistically significant differences in cancer location across age groups were observed. Significant differences were found in the BMI across age groups, particularly in the normal weight and overweight categories. Normal weight and obese patients had a higher proportion of Stage 3 and Stage 4 cancers. Obesity emerged as a significant predictor for rectal cancer in a multivariate logistic regression analysis, with an odds ratio of 1.56. However, no significant associations were found between cancer location and other factors like age, gender, or cancer stage. Conclusions: Our study revealed that normal weight and obese patients had a higher proportion of Stage 3 and Stage 4 cancers, with obesity emerging as a significant predictor for rectal cancer. It is important to note that while obesity was found to be a significant predictor for rectal cancer, the development and location of colorectal cancer is likely influenced by various factors beyond those studied here. Therefore, further research is needed to investigate the roles of other potential risk factors, like loss of SIRT6 and adipose tissue homeostasis. Additionally, inflammation associated with microbiota in the colorectal mucosa, systemic gene expression, and visceral obesity may also play important roles in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Understanding these intricate relationships is crucial for better screening, disease prognosis, and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorel Popovici
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristian Stanisav
- Departments of Radiology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sorin Saftescu
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Serban Negru
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Dragomir
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniel Ciurescu
- Departments of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brașov, 500019 Brasov, Romania
| | - Razvan Diaconescu
- Departments of General Surgery, Vasile Goldiş Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
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Zhou Y, Sun S, Ling T, Chen Y, Zhou R, You Q. The role of fibroblast growth factor 18 in cancers: functions and signaling pathways. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1124520. [PMID: 37228502 PMCID: PMC10203589 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1124520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 18(FGF18) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor family (FGFs). FGF18 is a class of bioactive substances that can conduct biological signals, regulate cell growth, participate in tissue repair and other functions, and can promote the occurrence and development of different types of malignant tumors through various mechanisms. In this review, we focus on recent studies of FGF18 in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of tumors in digestive, reproductive, urinary, respiratory, motor, and pediatric systems. These findings suggest that FGF18 may play an increasingly important role in the clinical evaluation of these malignancies. Overall, FGF18 can function as an important oncogene at different gene and protein levels, and can be used as a potential new therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sizheng Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Ling
- Department of Biotherapy, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongzhen Chen
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongzhong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zaoyang First People’s Hosipital, Zaoyang, China
| | - Qiang You
- Department of Biotherapy, Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhu K, Wang X, Yu W, Li S. Predictors for Colorectal Polyps in an Asymptomatic Population Undergoing Medical Check-ups. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2023; 33:108-114. [PMID: 36847698 PMCID: PMC10065822 DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer primarily arises from colorectal polyps. Early screening and removal is beneficial, especially in asymptomatic populations. This research aimed to reveal the risk factors detected in medical check-ups for colorectal polyps in asymptomatic people. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical data of 933 asymptomatic people who underwent colonoscopies from May 2014 to December 2021 was analyzed retrospectively. Data included sex, age, colonoscopy findings, polyp pathology, polyp number, and blood test results. The distribution of colorectal lesions was analyzed. Participants were divided into control and polyp groups, adenomatous and non-adenomatous polyp groups, and single and multiple adenoma groups. RESULTS Participants' age, proportion of males, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), uric acid and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were significantly higher ( P ≤0.05) in the polyp group. Age (>40 y), sex (male), and CEA level (>1.435 ng/mL) were independent risk factors for polyps. CEA, uric acid, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels were significantly higher ( P <0.05) in the adenoma group than in the non-adenomatous group. CEA level (>1.435 ng/mL) was an independent predictor for adenomas ( P <0.05). Participants' age, proportion of males, CEA, glycosylated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose levels were significantly higher ( P <0.05) in the multiple adenoma group than in the single group; the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was lower ( P <0.05). No independent risk factors were found for the number of adenomas. CONCLUSIONS Serum CEA level (>1.435 ng/mL) was independent risk factor for colorectal polyps. It may be conducive to improve discriminative ability of colorectal cancer risk stratification model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaoying Wang
- Pathology, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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22
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Rychter AM, Łykowska-Szuber L, Zawada A, Szymczak-Tomczak A, Ratajczak AE, Skoracka K, Kolan M, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Why Does Obesity as an Inflammatory Condition Predispose to Colorectal Cancer? J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072451. [PMID: 37048534 PMCID: PMC10094909 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex and multifactorial problem of global importance. Additionally, obesity causes chronic inflammation, upregulates cell growth, disturbs the immune system, and causes genomic instability, increasing the risk of carcinogenesis. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers, and it has become a global problem. In 2018, there were around 1.8 million new cases and around 881,000 deaths worldwide. Another risk factor of colorectal cancer associated with obesity is poor diet. A Western diet, including a high intake of red and processed meat and a low consumption of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and fiber, may increase the risk of both colorectal cancer and obesity. Moreover, the Western diet is associated with a proinflammatory profile diet, which may also affect chronic low-grade inflammation. In fact, people with obesity often present gut dysbiosis, increased inflammation, and risk of colorectal cancer. In this article, the association between obesity and colorectal cancer is discussed, including the most important mechanisms, such as low-grade chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and poor diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Rychter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Liliana Łykowska-Szuber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zawada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Alicja Ewa Ratajczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kinga Skoracka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Michalina Kolan
- Faculty of Medicine Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
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Nascimento RDPD, Rizzato JS, Polezi G, Moya AMTM, Silva MF, Machado APDF, Franchi Junior GC, Borguini RG, Santiago MCPDA, Paiotti APR, Pereira JA, Martinez CAR, Marostica Junior MR. Freeze-dried jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba (Vell.) O. Berg) peel powder, a rich source of anthocyanins and phenolic acids, mitigates inflammation-driven colorectal cancer in mice. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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24
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Obesity and incidence of colorectal polyps: a case-controlled study. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:306-310. [PMID: 36845814 PMCID: PMC9949871 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous essays have presented possible concordance between obesity and colorectal polyp development. However, neither for the hypothesis nor for the details general consensus exists. This study aimed to evaluate the association between higher BMI rather than the normal and colorectal polyp presentation and characteristics if any. Methods Eligible patients based on study criteria who were candidates for total colonoscopy examination enrolled in this case-controlled trial. Controls had normal colonoscopy reports. A positive colonoscopy for any kind of polyp was followed by a histopathological study. Demographic data also was registered, and patients were categorized according to the calculated BMI. Groups were matched by both gender and status of tobacco abuse. Finally, the outcomes of colonoscopy and histopathological studies were compared between groups. Results A total of 141 and 125 persons investigated, respectively, as patients and controls. Possible effects of gender, tobacco abuse, and cigarette smoking were declined by participants matching. Hence, we found no significant difference between groups regarding the latter variables (P>0.05). Colorectal polyps were found absolutely more in BMI>25 kg/m-2 rather than in lesser values (P<0.001). However, there was no obvious difference in the incidence of colorectal polyps between groups categorized as overweight and obese (P>0.05). Namely, even weighing over could be the risk for colorectal polyp development. Additionally, it was more expected to find neoplastic adenomatous polyp(s) with high-graded dysplasia in BMI>25 kg/m-2 (P<0.001). Conclusion Even little changes in BMI further than the normal values can independently increase the risk of developing dysplastic adenomatous colorectal polyp(s) significantly.
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Clearing Steatosis Prior to Liver Surgery for Colorectal Metastasis: A Narrative Review and Case Illustration. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245340. [PMID: 36558499 PMCID: PMC9785595 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent years, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common liver disorder in the developed world, accounting for 20% to 46% of liver abnormalities. Steatosis is the hallmark of NAFLD and is recognized as an important risk factor for complication and death after general surgery, even more so after liver resection. Similarly, liver steatosis also impacts the safety of live liver donation and transplantation. We aim to review surgical outcomes after liver resection for colorectal metastases in patients with steatosis and discuss the most common pre-operative strategies to reduce steatosis. Finally, as illustration, we report the favorable effect of a low-caloric, hyper-protein diet during a two-stage liver resection for colorectal metastases in a patient with severe steatosis.
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26
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Ling Q, Zheng B, Chen X, Ye S, Cheng Q. The employment of vaccinia virus for colorectal cancer treatment: A review of preclinical and clinical studies. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2143698. [PMID: 36369829 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2143698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading malignancies that causes death worldwide. Cancer vaccines and oncolytic immunotherapy bring new hope for patients with advanced CRC. The capability of vaccinia virus (VV) in carrying foreign genes as antigens or immunostimulatory factors has been demonstrated in animal models. VV of Wyeth, Western Reserve, Lister, Tian Tan, and Copenhagen strains have been engineered for the induction of antitumor response in multiple cancers. This paper summarized the preclinical and clinical application and development of VV serving as cancer vaccines and oncolytic vectors in CRC treatment. Additionally, the remaining challenges and future direction are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Ling
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bichun Zheng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shaoshun Ye
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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27
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Relationship between obesity-related colorectal tumors and the intestinal microbiome: an animal-based trial. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04477-1. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04477-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Impact of an Abdominal Compression Bandage on the Completion of Colonoscopy for Obese Adults: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:6010367. [PMID: 36111243 PMCID: PMC9470372 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6010367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS Eligible patients were randomly allocated into the abdominal bandage and conventional groups during a routine colonoscopy. The primary outcome was CCR. RESULTS A total of 250 eligible patients were randomly assigned to the abdominal bandage and conventional groups from January 2021 to April 2021. Eleven patients (five in the abdominal bandage group and six in the conventional group) were excluded due to schedule cancellation after randomization, and 239 patients were eventually included in the final analysis. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding baseline characteristics (P > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in terms of advanced adenoma detection rate (AADR), polyp detection rate (PDR), bowel preparation scale (BBPS), bubble scale (BS), and withdrawal time between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, compared with the conventional group, the cecal insertion time (CIT) of the abdominal bandage group was significantly shortened (279.00 (234.50-305.75) vs. 421.00 (327.00-485.00), P < 0.001), and the CCR (96.7% vs. 88.2%, P = 0.01) and adenoma detection rate (ADR) (47.5% vs. 32.8%, P < 0.001) were improved. Besides, logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI) and abdominal compression bandage were associated with CCR. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal compression bandages could effectively shorten CIT and improve CCR and ADR for obese patients during a routine colonoscopy. This trial is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2100043556).
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29
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Shin HS, Cho YJ. Insulin levels are associated with risk of colon adenoma and not nonadenomatous polyps: A retrospective, hospital-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30200. [PMID: 36042665 PMCID: PMC9410615 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the prevalence of colorectal cancer has been increasing in Korea. Several studies have reported that adenomatous polyps, known as precancerous lesions, are associated with increased blood insulin levels. The principal objective of the present study was to examine the correlation between insulin levels and colon polyps in subjects without a history of diabetes or colorectal cancer. From January 2, 2018 to December 31, 2019, 3277 adults who visited the University Hospital Health Examination Center and underwent colonoscopy were included in this study. Insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting blood glucose levels were measured, and past medical history, alcohol consumption, smoking, and physical activity were assessed using self-administered questionnaires. Among the 3277 subjects, the prevalence of adenomatous and nonadenomatous lesions were 22.2% and 11.5%, respectively. The mean values of insulin, HbA1c, and fasting blood glucose were significantly increased in the adenomatous and nonadenomatous polyp groups compared to the normal group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of adenoma (odds ratio [OR] 1.483; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.170-1.878) and nonadenomatous polyps (OR 1.415; 95% CI, 1.038-1.929) were increased in the high insulin level group (≥7.36 uIU/mL), and only the risk of adenoma (OR 1.312; 95% CI, 1.003-1.718) was significantly higher after adjustment for disturbance variables. This study suggests that an increase in insulin levels is a significant risk factor for colon adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwang Sik Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yong Jin Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- *Correspondence: Yong Jin Cho, Department of Family Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, 31 Soonchunhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 330-721, Korea (e-mail: )
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30
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Hsu SH, Syu DK, Wang YC, Liu CK, Chen MC. Metformin, Statin Use, and Female Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154469. [PMID: 35956087 PMCID: PMC9369723 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in women has gradually increased. However, epidemiological studies on the relationship between type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and female CRC and the effect of metformin or statins on female CRC are insufficient. To determine their association, we conducted a population-based cohort study on women in Taiwan. We collected data on a total of 396,521 women aged 40 to 64 years old from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2009 from the National Health Insurance Research Database. We followed up on all participants in the cohort until the occurrence of CRC, the date for all death, or 31 December 2015. Full development of CRC was identified using the International Classification of Disease (ICD), 9th Revision, code 153. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using the Cox proportional hazards model. Both metformin (adjusted hazard ratio, aHR = 1.12; 95% CI: 0.934–1.335, p = 0.227) and statin (aHR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.906–1.172, p = 0.645) use showed no association with female CRC in a multivariate analysis. The findings indicate that metformin and statin use showed no protective effect against female colorectal cancer (CRC). An additional randomized trial is necessary to investigate the effect of metformin and statin use in CRC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hua Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan;
| | - De-Kai Syu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Chiao Wang
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Kuang Liu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-K.L.); (M.-C.C.)
| | - Ming-Chih Chen
- Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-K.L.); (M.-C.C.)
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Biomaterial-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Comorbidities. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071445. [PMID: 35890340 PMCID: PMC9320151 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health issue that results in many health complications or comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and fatty liver. Pharmacotherapy alone or combined with either lifestyle alteration or surgery represents the main modality to combat obesity and its complications. However, most anti-obesity drugs are limited by their bioavailability, target specificity, and potential toxic effects. Only a handful of drugs, including orlistat, liraglutide, and semaglutide, are currently approved for clinical obesity treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need for alternative treatment strategies. Based on the new revelation of the pathogenesis of obesity and the efforts toward the multi-disciplinary integration of materials, chemistry, biotechnology, and pharmacy, some emerging obesity treatment strategies are gradually entering the field of preclinical and clinical research. Herein, by analyzing the current situation and challenges of various new obesity treatment strategies such as small-molecule drugs, natural drugs, and biotechnology drugs, the advanced functions and prospects of biomaterials in obesity-targeted delivery, as well as their biological activities and applications in obesity treatment, are systematically summarized. Finally, based on the systematic analysis of biomaterial-based obesity therapeutic strategies, the future prospects and challenges in this field are proposed.
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32
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Li X, Jansen L, Chang-Claude J, Hoffmeister M, Brenner H. Risk of Colorectal Cancer Associated With Lifetime Excess Weight. JAMA Oncol 2022; 8:730-737. [PMID: 35297997 PMCID: PMC8931669 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Importance Excess weight is associated with increased cancer risk, but the risk may have been underestimated, as previous studies did not consider cumulative lifetime exposure. Objective To assess the association of cumulative lifetime excess weight with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Design, Setting, and Participants In a population-based case-control study conducted since 2003 in Germany, height and self-reported weight documented in 10-year increments starting at age 20 years up to the current age were obtained from 5635 individuals with CRC and 4515 persons serving as controls. Body mass index (BMI), calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared, was calculated for each year of age from age 20 years to the current age by linear interpolation. Excess BMI (eBMI) at each year of age was determined as BMI - 25 and summed across ages to obtain the weighted number of years lived with overweight or obesity (WYOs), determined as year × eBMI. The eBMI was set to 0 in case of a BMI below 25. Associations with CRC risk were estimated for BMI at various ages and for WYOs by multiple logistic regression. Data analyses were performed from June 4, 2021, to December 17, 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures Relative risk of CRC according to lifetime exposure to excess weight compared with relative risks according to BMI at various ages. Results The mean (SD) age of the patients with CRC (n = 5635) was 68.4 (10.9) years; 3366 were men (59.7%); mean (SD) age of the control participants (n = 4515) was 68.5 (10.6) years; 2759 were men (61.1%). An association was observed between WYOs and CRC risk, with adjusted odds ratios (ORs) increasing from 1.25 (95% CI, 1.09-1.44) to 2.54 (95% CI, 2.24-2.89) from the first to the fourth quartile of WYOs compared with participants who remained within the normal weight range. Each SD increment in WYOs was associated with an increase of CRC risk by 55% (adjusted OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.46-1.64). This OR was higher than the OR per SD increase of eBMI at any single point of time, which ranged from 1.04 (95% CI, 0.93-1.16) to 1.27 (95% CI 1.16-1.39). Conclusions and Relevance The results of this case-control study suggest a greater role of cumulative lifetime excess weight for CRC risk than estimated by traditional analyses based on BMI measures taken at a single point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei Li
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lina Jansen
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, DKFZ, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Preventive Oncology, DKFZ National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany
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Socol CT, Chira A, Martinez-Sanchez MA, Nuñez-Sanchez MA, Maerescu CM, Mierlita D, Rusu AV, Ruiz-Alcaraz AJ, Trif M, Ramos-Molina B. Leptin Signaling in Obesity and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4713. [PMID: 35563103 PMCID: PMC9102849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC) are among the leading diseases causing deaths in the world, showing a complex multifactorial pathology. Obesity is considered a risk factor in CRC development through inflammation, metabolic, and signaling processes. Leptin is one of the most important adipokines related to obesity and an important proinflammatory marker, mainly expressed in adipose tissue, with many genetic variation profiles, many related influencing factors, and various functions that have been ascribed but not yet fully understood and elucidated, the most important ones being related to energy metabolism, as well as endocrine and immune systems. Aberrant signaling and genetic variations of leptin are correlated with obesity and CRC, with the genetic causality showing both inherited and acquired events, in addition to lifestyle and environmental risk factors; these might also be related to specific pathogenic pathways at different time points. Moreover, mutation gain is a crucial factor enabling the genetic process of CRC. Currently, the inconsistent and insufficient data related to leptin's relationship with obesity and CRC indicate the necessity of further related studies. This review summarizes the current knowledge on leptin genetics and its potential relationship with the main pathogenic pathways of obesity and CRC, in an attempt to understand the molecular mechanisms of these associations, in the context of inconsistent and contradictory data. The understanding of these mechanisms linking obesity and CRC could help to develop novel therapeutic targets and prevention strategies, resulting in a better prognosis and management of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra Chira
- 2nd Medical Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Maria Antonia Martinez-Sanchez
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
| | - Maria Angeles Nuñez-Sanchez
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
| | | | - Daniel Mierlita
- Department of Nutrition, University of Oradea, 410048 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Vasile Rusu
- Life Science Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Antonio Jose Ruiz-Alcaraz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Monica Trif
- Department of Food Research, Centiv GmbH, 28857 Syke, Germany;
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (M.A.M.-S.); (M.A.N.-S.)
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Rogers CR, May FP, Petersen E, Brooks E, Lopez JA, Kennedy CD, Thiese MS. Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer Prevalence Among Long-Haul Truck Drivers in the United States. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:1142-1151. [PMID: 35410488 DOI: 10.1177/08901171221090500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the age-adjusted association between colorectal cancer (CRC) risk factors and CRC prevalence among long-haul truck drivers (aged 21-85), after adjustment for age. DESIGN Pooled cross-sectional analysis using Commercial Driver Medical Exam (CDME) data. Setting. National survey data from January 1, 2005, to October 31, 2012. PARTICIPANTS 47,786 commercial motor vehicle drivers in 48 states. MEASURES CRC prevalence was the primary outcome; independent variables included demographics, body mass index (BMI), and concomitant medical conditions. ANALYSIS Kruskal-Wallis tests to analyze continuous variables; Fischer's exact tests to analyze categorical variables; univariate and multivariable logistic regression for rare events (Firth method) to quantify the association between the independent variables of interest and CRC prevalence. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were adjusted for age, gender, years with current employer, year of exam, and BMI in a multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Many factors were statistically significant. Obesity (OR = 3.14; 95% CI = 1.03-9.61) and increasing age (OR = 1.10 per year; 95% CI = 1.07-1.13) were significantly associated with CRC prevalence. Truckers with 4 or more concomitant medical conditions were significantly more likely to have CRC (OR = 7.03; 95% CI = 1.83-27.03). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight mutable risk factors and represent an opportunity for intervention that may decrease CRC morbidity and mortality among truck drivers, a unique population in the United States estimated to live up to 16 years less than the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles R Rogers
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Folasade P May
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ethan Petersen
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ellen Brooks
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jasmine A Lopez
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Carson D Kennedy
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Matthew S Thiese
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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Poursheikhani A, Abbaszadegan MR, Kerachian MA. Long non-coding RNA AC087388.1 as a novel biomarker in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:196. [PMID: 35193569 PMCID: PMC8862536 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09282-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several investigations have reported diverse roles of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in biological processes, tumor development, and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated the lncRNA AC087388.1 tumorigenic role in CRC cells. Methods The CRC tissues were collected at the Reza Radiotherapy and Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran. The human SW-48 and HT-29 CRC cell lines were obtained from the national cell bank of Iran. The cells were cultured according to ATCC (the American Type Culture Collection) recommendations. Quantitative real-time PCR was applied to assess the RNA expression. ShRNA transfection was done to downregulate the target gene. MTT and apoptosis assays were conducted to evaluate cell proliferation and viability, respectively. Colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and invasion assay were applied to determine growth, motility, and invasion of the cells, respectively. ENCORI online tool was used as downstream enrichment analysis. Results Forty CRC patients were encompassed in this study. The results demonstrated that the lncRNA SLC16A1-AS1, AC087388.1, and ELFN1-AS1 were significantly overexpressed in the CRC tissues in comparison to their normal counterpart margins. All the lncRNAs have shown significant Area Under Curve (AUC) values in the patients. Downregulation of lncRNA AC087388.1 remarkably decreased the cell proliferation and viability of the CRC cells. In addition, the data demonstrated that the downregulation of lncRNA AC087388.1 significantly suppressed cell growth and colony formation capability in the cells. Also, downregulation of lncRNA AC087388.1 attenuated motility and invasion of CRC cells, and significantly decreased the expression of invasion genes. In-silico functional enrichment analysis indicated that the lncRNA AC087388.1 has contributed to crucial signaling pathways in tumorigenesis such as the p53 and Wnt signaling pathways, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Conclusions Altogether, we showed that lncRNA AC087388.1 has an oncogenic role in tumorigenesis of CRC, and it can be considered as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in CRC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09282-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Poursheikhani
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Kerachian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Cancer Genetics Research Unit, Reza Radiotherapy and Oncology Center, Mashhad, Iran.
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36
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Tevini J, Eder SK, Huber-Schönauer U, Niederseer D, Strebinger G, Gostner JM, Aigner E, Datz C, Felder TK. Changing Metabolic Patterns along the Colorectal Adenoma–Carcinoma Sequence. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030721. [PMID: 35160173 PMCID: PMC8836789 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health burden and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Screening programs facilitate early diagnosis and can help to reduce poor outcomes. Serum metabolomics can extract vital molecular information that may increase the sensitivity and specificity of colonoscopy in combination with histopathological examination. The present study identifies serum metabolite patterns of treatment-naïve patients, diagnosed with either advanced adenoma (AA) or CRC in colonoscopy screenings, in the framework of the SAKKOPI (Salzburg Colon Cancer Prevention Initiative) program. We used a targeted flow injection analysis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics approach (FIA- and LC-MS/MS) to characterise the serum metabolomes of an initial screening cohort and two validation cohorts (in total 66 CRC, 76 AA and 93 controls). The lipidome was significantly perturbed, with a proportion of lipid species being downregulated in CRC patients, as compared to AA and controls. The predominant alterations observed were in the levels of lyso-lipids, glycerophosphocholines and acylcarnitines, but additionally, variations in the quantity of hydroxylated sphingolipids could be detected. Changed amino acid metabolism was restricted mainly to metabolites of the arginine/dimethylarginine/NO synthase pathway. The identified metabolic divergences observed in CRC set the foundation for mechanistic studies to characterise biochemical pathways that become deregulated during progression through the adenoma to carcinoma sequence and highlight the key importance of lipid metabolites. Biomarkers related to these pathways could improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis, as well as the monitoring of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tevini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Sebastian K. Eder
- First Department of Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.K.E.); (E.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, St. Anna Children’s Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Huber-Schönauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5110 Oberndorf, Austria; (U.H.-S.); (G.S.)
| | - David Niederseer
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Georg Strebinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5110 Oberndorf, Austria; (U.H.-S.); (G.S.)
| | - Johanna M. Gostner
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Innsbruck Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Elmar Aigner
- First Department of Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.K.E.); (E.A.)
| | - Christian Datz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5110 Oberndorf, Austria; (U.H.-S.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.D.); (T.K.F.); Tel.: +43-5-7255-58126 (T.K.F.)
| | - Thomas K. Felder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
- Correspondence: (C.D.); (T.K.F.); Tel.: +43-5-7255-58126 (T.K.F.)
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Sun J, Song J, Yang J, Chen L, Wang Z, Duan M, Yang S, Hu C, Bi Q. Higher Yogurt Consumption Is Associated With Lower Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Front Nutr 2022; 8:789006. [PMID: 35047546 PMCID: PMC8761765 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.789006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Yogurt is known to be nutrient-rich and probiotic content, which gather optimism due to their potential role in preventing and managing cancers. The effect of yogurt consumption on colorectal cancer (CRC) is inconsistent. Objective: This study aims to investigate the association of yogurt consumption with the risk of CRC. Methods: Three databases, namely, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, were searched for all relevant studies from July 2021 on the association of yogurt consumption with CRC risk. We pooled the odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs using a random-effects meta-analysis to assess the association. Results: Finally, 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were chosen in the meta-analysis. Yogurt consumption was significant with lower risk of CRC risk in the overall comparison (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81–0.94), in the cohort studies (OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.97), and case-control studies (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.65–0.85). With regard to subgroup analyses by study region, cancer type, publication year, and sex, yogurt consumption significantly decreased overall CRC, colon cancer, and distal colon cancer risks. In stratified analyses, we observed significantly decreased CRC risk in Europe and Africa and published after 2010 and overall population. Sensitivity analysis indicated the result is stable and there is no publication bias in the meta-analysis. Conclusions: Overall, this study indicated that yogurt intake was related to a decreased risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjie Sun
- Health Management College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiangyan Song
- Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Le Chen
- College of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zuochuan Wang
- College of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meiwen Duan
- College of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- College of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chengyang Hu
- School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qingquan Bi
- Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,College of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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KOVACEVIC M, RIZVANOVIC N, SABANOVIC ADILOVIC A, BARUCIJA N, ABAZOVIC A. Adenoma Detection Rate in Colonoscopic Screening with Ketamine-based Sedation: A Prospective Observational Study. Medeni Med J 2022; 37:79-84. [PMID: 35306793 PMCID: PMC8939457 DOI: 10.4274/mmj.galenos.2022.75282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between one of the most commonly used anesthesia techniques, ketaminebased sedation, on the value of adenoma detection rate (ADR) during colonoscopy screening. Methods: This prospective, observational study included 140 patients, who underwent a standard colonoscopy preparation before the procedure. Sedation regimens included ketamine at 0.5 mg/kg and propofol at 0.5 mg/kg. Additional doses of propofol were administered at 0.5 mg/kg to maintain the Ramsey Sedation scale. Baseline characteristics, ADR, bowel preparation quality according to the Chicago bowel preparation (CHBP) scale, cecal intubation, colonoscopy removal, and complications were analyzed. Results: The mean age of patients was 55.76 years; 40 (28.6%) were males and 100 (71.4%) were females. The ADR was 43.57%, wherein 15.71% in males and 27.86% in females. There were 43.6% adenomas, 17.9% biopsies, and 22.9% polypectomies. The largest location of adenomas/polyps were in the rectum and sigmoid and ascending colon (p=0.11), a biopsy of the sigmoid colon and ileum (p<0.05), polypectomy of the rectum and sigmoid and ascending colon (p<0.05). The cecal intubation was 93.6% with a withdrawal time that is >6 min in most patients (80%) (p<0.05). The CHBP scale showed good bowel preparation (p<0.05) without complications. Conclusions: Ketamine-based sedation is in good overall correlation with ADR. Therefore, the sedation technique should be included for ADR assessment in the future.
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Colorectal Cancer. Fam Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54441-6_183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Troelsen FS, Sørensen HT, Pedersen L, Erichsen R. Risk of a post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes: a Danish population-based cohort study. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2021; 8:bmjgast-2021-000786. [PMID: 34952850 PMCID: PMC8710863 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2021-000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Prevalent type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer and could impair the quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy. This may in turn increase the risk of overlooked precancerous polyps and subsequent risk of post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC). We investigated whether patients with T2D are at increased risk of PCCRC compared with patients without T2D. Design We conducted a population-based cohort study of patients with T2D and without T2D undergoing colonoscopy in Denmark (1995–2015). We investigated the risk of PCCRC by calculating >6 to 36 months cumulative incidence proportions (CIPs) treating death and colectomy as competing risks. Using Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses, we also computed HRs of PCCRC, comparing patients with T2D and non-T2D. According to the World Endoscopy Organization guidelines, we calculated PCCRC 3-year rates to estimate the proportions of T2D and non-T2D CRC patients experiencing PCCRC. Results We identified 29 031 patients with T2D and 333 232 patients without T2D undergoing colonoscopy. We observed 250 PCCRCs among patients with T2D and 1658 PCCRCs among patients without T2D. The >6 to 36 months CIP after a first-time colonoscopy was 0.64% (95% CI 0.55% to 0.74%) for T2D and 0.36% (95% CI 0.34% to 0.38%) for patients without T2D. The HRs of PCCRC were 1.43 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.72) after a first-time colonoscopy and 1.18 (95% CI 0.75 to 1.85) after a second-time colonoscopy. The PCCRC 3-year rate was 7.9% for patients with T2D and 7.4% for patients without T2D. Conclusion T2D may be associated with an increased HR of PCCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrik Toft Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rune Erichsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Surgery, The Regional Hospital in Randers, Randers, Denmark
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Shen J, Wu Y, Mo M, Feng X, Zhou C, Wang Z, Cai G, Zheng Y. Risk Factors Associated With Early-Onset Colorectal Neoplasm in Chinese Youth: A Prospective Population-Based Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:702322. [PMID: 34692479 PMCID: PMC8531514 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.702322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence of the risk factors associated with early-onset colorectal neoplasm from prospective population-based studies is limited. We enrolled 17,293 participants younger than 50 years from the Shanghai colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program cohort. Face-to-face interviews were performed by trained primary care physicians using a standardized questionnaire to collect the information on potential risk factors at baseline entry. Furthermore, 124 cases of early-onset colorectal neoplasm, including six CRC cases and 118 colorectal adenoma (CRA) cases, were detected between 2012 and 2016. Multivariable logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) were used to evaluate the risk factors associated with early-onset colorectal neoplasm. We found that sex, body mass index (BMI), and family history of CRC were associated with the early onset of colorectal neoplasm. The RCS model showed a positive dose–response and linear association between BMI and risk of early-onset colorectal neoplasm among young participants (p-overall = 0.19, p-nonlinear = 0.97). The findings indicated that it was beneficial for normal people younger than 50 years to start opportunistic CRC screening. As for those at high risk, increased surveillance is strongly recommended. Further close follow-up is required for research on the underlying causes of early-onset CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Wu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Noninfectious Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Mo
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changming Zhou
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zezhou Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoxiang Cai
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang S, Zhang J, Kim Y, Zhang W. Prevalence of Colorectal Polyps Based on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Muscle Strength, Health Behavior, and Abdominal Obesity in Asymptomatic Elderly. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1400. [PMID: 34683079 PMCID: PMC8535689 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal polyps are precursor lesions of colorectal cancer and are known to be associated with obesity, low physical activity, and unhealthy behavior. This cross-sectional study analyzed the prevalence of colorectal polyps based on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle strength, and health behavior in older adults. Participants were asymptomatic and included 1024 men and 472 women aged 65-80 years who visited the health care center. Colonoscopy was performed under conscious sedation, and cardiorespiratory fitness was measured as the maximum oxygen uptake using gas analysis. Muscle strength was determined using isokinetic equipment, and physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking status were investigated using questionnaires. Waist circumference was measured at the thickest part of the middle of the abdomen. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the prevalence of colorectal polyps using odds ratios (ORs) based on the variables. The incidence of colorectal polyps was 65.2% in men and 48.5% in women. The ORs of colorectal polyps for obesity were 1.151 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.010-2.291) and 1.178 (95% CI, 1.015-2.612) in men and women, respectively. The OR for colorectal polyps in male current smokers was 1.884. The ORs for low CRF were 1.985 and 1.841 in men and women, respectively, compared with high CRF. The prevalence of polyps increased with low muscle strength (men's OR 1.343 women's OR 1.440) and physical activity in both men (OR 1.693) and women (OR 1.861). In conclusion, lower CRF and muscle strength were associated with an increased prevalence of colorectal polyps in men and women. In both sexes, high waist circumference and low physical activity increased the prevalence of colorectal polyps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhang
- School of Physical Education in Main Campus, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Junyong Zhang
- School of Physical Education in Main Campus, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.Z.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yonghwan Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea;
| | - Wangyang Zhang
- School of Physical Education in Main Campus, Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Public Administration, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Stefani C, Miricescu D, Stanescu-Spinu II, Nica RI, Greabu M, Totan AR, Jinga M. Growth Factors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Colorectal Cancer Pathogenesis: Where Are We Now? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910260. [PMID: 34638601 PMCID: PMC8508474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a predominant malignancy worldwide, being the fourth most common cause of mortality and morbidity. The CRC incidence in adolescents, young adults, and adult populations is increasing every year. In the pathogenesis of CRC, various factors are involved including diet, sedentary life, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, gut microbiota, diabetes, and genetic mutations. The CRC tumor microenvironment (TME) involves the complex cooperation between tumoral cells with stroma, immune, and endothelial cells. Cytokines and several growth factors (GFs) will sustain CRC cell proliferation, survival, motility, and invasion. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Insulin-like growth factor -1 receptor (IGF-1R), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor -A (VEGF-A) are overexpressed in various human cancers including CRC. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and all the three major subfamilies of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways may be activated by GFs and will further play key roles in CRC development. The main aim of this review is to present the CRC incidence, risk factors, pathogenesis, and the impact of GFs during its development. Moreover, the article describes the relationship between EGF, IGF, VEGF, GFs inhibitors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR-MAPK signaling pathways, and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Stefani
- Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, ‘‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 051075 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniela Miricescu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-I.S.-S.); (A.R.T.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-I.S.-S.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Remus Iulian Nica
- Surgery 2, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 051075 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Maria Greabu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-I.S.-S.); (A.R.T.)
- Correspondence: (D.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Alexandra Ripszky Totan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Eroii Sanitari Blvd, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.-I.S.-S.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Mariana Jinga
- Department of Gastroenterology, ‘Dr. Carol Davila’ Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 051075 Bucharest, Romania;
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Bianco A, Franco I, Osella AR, Giannelli G, Riezzo G, Bonfiglio C, Prospero L, Sorino P, Russo F. Physical Activity Reduction and the Worsening of Gastrointestinal Health Status during the Second COVID-19 Home Confinement in Southern Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189554. [PMID: 34574477 PMCID: PMC8464817 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in December 2020, the Italian government established a second home confinement during the Christmas holidays. These restrictions offered the opportunity to utilize a well-defined model for observing the consequences of lifestyle changes of healthy individuals. This study aimed at estimating in healthy subjects from Southern Italy the physical activity (PA), the presence and the severity of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and the association between the possible worsening of GI health status and the PA levels. An adapted version of the International PA Questionnaire-short form (IPAQ-SF) and the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) were proposed through Google’s online survey platform in three different periods via WhatsAppTM to 499 healthy subjects (62% females) from Apulia (25%), Calabria (37%), and Campania (38%). Our results showed statistically significant changes during the home confinement: reduced energy expenditure (EE) among overweight subjects (−239.82, 95%CI −405.74; −73.89) or those who had high GSRS total score (−1079.54, 95%CI −2027.43; −131.66). An increase in GSRS total score was observed in overweight subjects, reaching statistical significance in those from Campania. Our study supports the importance of PA to reduce health risks, including those related to the possible onset of GI tract diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Bianco
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (A.R.O.); (C.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Isabella Franco
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (A.R.O.); (C.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Alberto Rubén Osella
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (A.R.O.); (C.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Riezzo
- Laboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (G.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Caterina Bonfiglio
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (A.R.O.); (C.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Laura Prospero
- Laboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (G.R.); (L.P.)
| | - Paolo Sorino
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.B.); (I.F.); (A.R.O.); (C.B.); (P.S.)
| | - Francesco Russo
- Laboratory of Nutritional Pathophysiology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (G.R.); (L.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-499-4315
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Yu D, An G, Yao J. Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio combined with CA19-9 for predicting postoperative recurrence of colorectal cancer in patients with diabetes. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23944. [PMID: 34418175 PMCID: PMC8418504 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the significance of lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) combined with carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 for predicting postoperative recurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in patients with type II diabetes. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 106 postoperative patients with stage II-III CRC and with type II diabetes. Their clinical indexes such as LMR and CA19-9 were collected, and the patients were followed up for 5 years. RESULTS The CA19-9 level was 119.7 U/ml at baseline in the relapsed group, while this was 24.81 U/ml in non-relapsed group (p = 0.001). On the contrary, the LMR level was 5.10 and 2.57 for non-relapsed and relapsed group (p < 0.001), respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival curves stratified by CA19-9 and LMR suggested that patients with lower CA19-9 had higher survival probability (p < 0.001), while patients with high LMR level had higher survival probability (p < 0.001). The multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis with CA19-9 and LMR indicated that although the baseline CA19-9 is significantly associated with increasing risk of disease recurrence, the HR (HR = 1.0, 95% CI 1.00-1.01) was small and close to 1, whereas the high baseline LMR (HR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.32-0.61) was associated with decrease in disease recurrence. Model with continuous CA19-9 and LMR was able to better predict (AUC 73.17%) the disease recurrence. CONCLUSION LMR combined with CA19-9 may become a new index for predicting postoperative recurrence of CRC in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu An
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannan Yao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Shen J, Wu Y, Feng X, Liang F, Mo M, Cai B, Zhou C, Wang Z, Zhu M, Cai G, Zheng Y. Assessing Individual Risk for High-Risk Early Colorectal Neoplasm for Pre-Selection of Screening in Shanghai, China: A Population-Based Nested Case-Control Study. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3867-3878. [PMID: 34012295 PMCID: PMC8126801 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s301185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify people with high-risk early colorectal neoplasm is highly desirable for pre-selection in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in low-resource countries. We aim to build and validate a risk-based model so as to improve compliance and increase the benefits of screening. Patients and Methods Using data from the Shanghai CRC screening cohort, we conducted a population-based nested case–control study to build a risk-based model. Cases of early colorectal neoplasm were extracted as colorectal adenomas and stage 0-I CRC. Each case was matched with five individuals without neoplasm (controls) by the screening site and year of enrollment. Cases and controls were then randomly divided into two groups, with two thirds for building the risk prediction model and the other one third for model validation. Known risk factors were included for risk prediction models using logistic regressions. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Hosmer–Lemeshow chi-square statistics were used to evaluate model discrimination and calibration. The predicted individual risk probability was calculated under the risk regression equation. Results The model incorporating age, sex, family history and lifestyle factors including body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol, regular moderate-to-intensity physical activity showed good calibration and discrimination. When the risk cutoff threshold was defined as 17%, the sensitivity and specificity of the model were 63.99% and 53.82%, respectively. The validation data analysis also showed well discrimination. Conclusion A risk prediction model combining personal and lifestyle factors was developed and validated for high-risk early colorectal neoplasm among the Chinese population. This risk-based model could improve the pre-selection for screening and contribute a lot to efficient population-based screening in low-resource countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Wu
- Department of Noninfectious Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Mo
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Binxin Cai
- Department of Noninfectious Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Changming Zhou
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zezhou Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiying Zhu
- Department of Noninfectious Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Songjiang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxiang Cai
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Cui Y, Han B, Zhang H, Liu H, Zhang F, Niu R. Identification of Metabolic-Associated Genes for the Prediction of Colon and Rectal Adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:2259-2277. [PMID: 33833525 PMCID: PMC8020594 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s297134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Uncontrolled proliferation is the most prominent biological feature of tumors. In order to rapidly proliferate, tumor cells regulate their metabolic behavior by controlling the expression of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) to maximize the utilization of available nutrients. In this study, we aimed to construct prognosis models for colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD) and rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) using MRGs to predict the prognoses of patients. Methods We first acquired the gene expression profiles of COAD and READ from the TCGA database, and then utilized univariate Cox analysis, Lasso regression, and multivariable Cox analysis to identify the MRGs for risk models. Results Eight genes (CPT1C, PLCB2, PLA2G2D, GAMT, ENPP2, PIP4K2B, GPX3, and GSR) in the colon cancer risk model and six genes (TDO2, PKLR, GAMT, EARS2, ACO1, and WAS) in the rectal cancer risk model were identified successfully. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that these two models could accurately and independently predict overall survival (OS) for patients with COAD or READ. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis was used to identify the metabolism pathway of MRGs in the risk models and analyzed these genes comprehensively. Then, we verified the prognosis model in independent COAD cohorts (GSE17538) and detected the correlations of the protein expression levels of GSR and ENPP2 with prognosis for COAD or READ. Conclusion In this study, 14 MRGs were identified as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Cui
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoai Han
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - He Zhang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Niu
- Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, 300060, People's Republic of China
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Fang Z, He M, Song M. Serum lipid profiles and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:663-670. [PMID: 33139801 PMCID: PMC7851156 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear whether serum lipids influence colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 380,087 adults aged 40-69 years in the UK Biobank. Serum high-density cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein A and B were measured. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) of CRC according to one standard deviation (SD) increment in serum lipids. We conducted subgroup analysis by tumour anatomical subsites. RESULTS During a median of 10.3 years of follow-up, we documented 2667 incident CRC cases. None of the lipid biomarkers was associated with the risk of CRC after adjusting for potential confounding factors, including body mass index and waist circumference. When assessed by cancer subsites, serum triglycerides was associated with an increased risk of cancer in the caecum and transverse colon, with the HR of 1.12 (95% CI, 1.00-1.25) and 1.29 (95% CI, 1.09-1.53), respectively; and apolipoprotein A was associated with a lower risk of hepatic flexure cancer (HR, 0.73, 95% CI, 0.56-0.96). CONCLUSIONS Serum lipid profiles were not associated with colorectal cancer risk after adjusting for obesity indicators. The potential subsite-specific effects of triglycerides and apolipoprotein A require further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Fang
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingming He
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyang Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Huang QY, Yao F, Zhou CR, Huang XY, Wang Q, Long H, Wu QM. Role of gut microbiome in regulating the effectiveness of metformin in reducing colorectal cancer in type 2 diabetes. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:6213-6228. [PMID: 33392303 PMCID: PMC7760447 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i24.6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing globally. It is rarely noticed that the incidence of CRC is higher in patients with T2DM. What needs to be mentioned is that metformin, a commonly used clinical drug for T2DM, attracts scholars’ attention because of its benefits in lowering the risk of developing CRC. Hence, we try to find the common grounds of initiation of T2DM and CRC and the reason why metformin reduces the risk of CRC in patients with T2DM. We noticed consistent changes of gut microbiota, such as elevated Bacteroides, Prevotella and Bifidobacterium and depressed Firmicutes and Lactobacillus. Furthermore, many studies in recent years have proved that the efficacy of metformin, such as improving blood glucose, depends on the gut microbiota. Coincidentally, the progression of CRC is inseparable from the contributions of gut microbiota. Therefore, we first proposed the concept of the metformin-gut microbiota–CRC (in T2DM) axis to explain the effect of metformin in reducing CRC in patients with T2DM. In this review, we elaborated the new concept and its potential clinical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-You Huang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fei Yao
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chuan-Ren Zhou
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Huang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qing-Ming Wu
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
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Wang H. MicroRNA, Diabetes Mellitus and Colorectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120530. [PMID: 33255227 PMCID: PMC7760221 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrinological disorder that is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the body does not respond appropriately to insulin. There are many complications of DM such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy. In addition to these complications, DM was reported to be associated with different cancers. In this review, we discuss the association between DM and colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide that mostly affects older people, however, its incidence and mortality are rising among young people. We discuss the relationship between DM and CRC based on their common microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers. miRNAs are non-coding RNAs playing important functions in cell differentiation, development, regulation of cell cycle, and apoptosis. miRNAs can inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in CRC cells. miRNAs also can improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Therefore, investigating the common miRNA biomarkers of both DM and CRC can shed a light on how these two diseases are correlated and more understanding of the link between these two diseases can help the prevention of both DM and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiuying Wang
- Institute of Statistics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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