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Karakaya K, Mutluay Ünal S. Evaluation of stress distribution of different marginal designs on PEEK and PEKK substructure materials, cortical and cancellous Bone:A finite element analysis. Comput Biol Med 2024; 178:108708. [PMID: 38861895 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-performance polymers are used in different fixed prosthesis treatments due to their many advantages such as biocompatibility, shock absorption ability, high fracture resistance. The effects of marginal design on the forces on high-performance polymers are unknown. This study aimed was to investigate the stress distribution of different marginal designs on Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) substructure materials, cortical bone and cancellous bone by finite element analysis. METHODS A first maxillary molar tooth was modeled in 3D using the "3D Complex Render" method. Considering the ideal preparation conditions (Taper angle was 6°, step depth was 1 mm, occlusal reduction was 2 mm), four different configurations were modeled by changing the marginal design (chamfer, deep chamfer, shoulder 90°, shoulder 135°). PEEK, PEKK substructure, and composite superstructure were designed on created models. A total of 150 N oblique force from two points and a total of 300 N vertical force from three points were applied from occlusall. and the maximum principal stress, minimum principal stress, von Mises stress findings in the cortical bone, spongiose bone, and substructure were examined. The study was carried out by static linear analysis with a three-dimensional finite element stress analysis method. RESULTS The highest maximum principal stress value in the cortical bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 135° step at vertical force. The highest minimum principal stress value in the cortical bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 90° step, and PEEK + deep chamfer step at oblique force. The highest maximum principal stress value in spongiose bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 90° step. The highest minimum principal stress value in spongiose bone was observed when the PEEK + deep chamfer step at vertical force. The highest von Mises stress value in the substructure was observed when the PEKK + Deep chamfer step at oblique force. The lowest maximum principal stress value in the cortical bone was observed when the PEKK + Shoulder 135° step at oblique force. The lowest minimum principal stress value in the cortical bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 135° step, and PEKK + shoulder 135° step at vertical force. The lowest maximum principal stress value in spongiose bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 90° step. The lowest minimum principal stress value in spongiose bone was observed when the PEEK + Shoulder 135° step and PEKK + Shoulder 135° step at vertical force. The lowest von Mises stress value in the substructure was observed when the PEEK + Deep chamfer step at vertical force. CONCLUSION When cortical and spongiose bone stress were evaluated, no destructive stress was observed. Considering the stresses occurring in the substructure the highest stress was observed in the chamfer step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevser Karakaya
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Server Mutluay Ünal
- Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
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Kuttuva Balasubramanian Sivaprakash Babu AD, Singaravel Chidambara Nathan A, Balasubramanium MK. Effect of laser surface treatment on shear bond strength between polyetheretherketone and heat-activated polymethylmethacrylate resin. J Prosthodont 2024; 33:490-496. [PMID: 37578028 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the shear bond strength between polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and heat activated polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin after laser treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 128 PEEK discs were fabricated (10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness) and allocated into two groups. Group 1 was subjected to surface treatment followed by thermal cycling for 5000 cycles and group 2 was subjected to surface treatment followed by thermal cycling for 10,000 cycles. Each group was further subdivided into four subgroups (n = 16) which were: no surface treatment; primer treatment; acid etching; and laser surface treatment. PEEK was then bonded with PMMA resin using the conventional flasking technique. The shear bond strength was evaluated using a universal testing machine with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA for comparing within groups, followed by Tukey HSD test. Student's T-test was done to evaluate between the two groups. RESULTS In group 1, the highest shear bond strength was exhibited by the laser group (19.08 ± 0.16 MPa) followed by the acid etch group (14.84 ± 0.23 MPa), and the primer group (6.43 ± 0.20 MPa), while the least shear bond strength was observed in the no surface treatment group (4.98 ± 0.34 MPa) which was found to be significant (p < 0.05). In group 2, the highest shear bond strength was observed in the laser group (18.21 ± 0.23 MPa) followed by the acid etch group (13.77 ± 0.48 MPa), and the primer group (6.04 ± 0.11 MPa), while the least shear bond strength was observed in no surface treatment group (4.35 ± 0.21 MPa) which was found to be significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The shear bond strength between PEEK and PMMA resin was highest for specimens that were surface treated with laser and followed by specimens treated with acid etching, primer application, and without surface treatment, respectively. Increasing thermal cycling from 5000 cycles to 10,000 cycles also reduced the bond strength.
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Abdelaziz MS, Tella EAESAEM. Digital fabrication of polyetheretherketone retentive bar attachment inserts as overdenture maintenance: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:1034-1037. [PMID: 35606181 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A technique for the virtual designing of retentive attachment inserts for bar-retained 2-implant mandibular overdentures is described. The bar attachment is scanned intraorally, the retentive insert designed with the MESHMIXER software program, and the file 3D printed in resin, which is replicated in polyetheretherketone (PEEK). The technique offers high-quality inserts with good retention that can replace the conventional nylon inserts and reduce the number of maintenance visits and the frequency of changing the bar attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhat Sameh Abdelaziz
- Assistant Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
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Mosch R, Hatzky M, Hatzky P, von See C. 3D-Printed Temporary Wing Bride as a Temporary Restoration in the Posterior. Case Rep Dent 2024; 2024:4869352. [PMID: 38745728 PMCID: PMC11093685 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4869352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The fear of a missing tooth often leads to postponing the visit at the dentist. While extraction itself is a major stressful experience for the patient, the presence of visible gaps or missing teeth inside or outside the aesthetic zone is a deal breaker for a lot of patients. Bridging the time spent until inserting any final restoration with a provisional enables the patients to still take part in everyday life. This case report shows a new approach for a fixed dental provisional in the anterior region using a printed wing bridge approach to replace an extracted tooth. The provisional was prefabricated, and extraction and integration of the provisional could be placed in a single visit. The chosen approach shows the integrability of 3D printing in everyday practice providing immediate economical and aesthetic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Mosch
- Center for Digital Technologies in Dentistry and CAD/CAM, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Maurice Hatzky
- Department of Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Patricia Hatzky
- Center for Digital Technologies in Dentistry and CAD/CAM, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Constantin von See
- Center for Digital Technologies in Dentistry and CAD/CAM, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems an der Donau, Austria
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Zhao K, Wu S, Qian C, Sun J. Suitability and Trueness of the Removable Partial Denture Framework Fabricating by Polyether Ether Ketone with CAD-CAM Technology. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1119. [PMID: 38675038 PMCID: PMC11053645 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The object of the study was to evaluate the suitability and trueness of the removable partial denture (RPD) framework fabricated by polyether ether ketone (PEEK) with the CAD-CAM technology in vitro. Four different types of dentition defects were selected. In each type, five PEEK RPD frameworks were fabricated by the CAD-CAM technology, while five Co-Cr RPD frameworks were made by traditional casting. The suitability of the framework was evaluated by silicone rubber film slice measurement and the three-dimensional image overlay method. The trueness of the PEEK framework was detected by the three-dimensional image overlay method. Data were statistically analyzed with the use of an independent samples t-test (α = 0.05). The suitability values by silicone rubber film slice measurement of the PEEK group were lower than those of the Co-Cr group in four types, with the differences indicating statistical significance (p < 0.05) in type one, type two, and type four. The suitability values using the three-dimensional image overlay method showed no statistical differences (p > 0.05) between the two groups in four types. The trueness values of the PEEK group were within the allowable range of clinical error. The suitability and trueness of the PEEK RPD framework fabricated by CAD-CAM technology met the requirements of the clinical prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kening Zhao
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; (K.Z.); (S.W.)
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Su Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; (K.Z.); (S.W.)
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Dentistry, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Chao Qian
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; (K.Z.); (S.W.)
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China; (K.Z.); (S.W.)
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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Gama LT, Bezerra AP, Schimmel M, Rodrigues Garcia RCM, de Luca Canto G, Gonçalves TMSV. Clinical performance of polymer frameworks in dental prostheses: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:579-590. [PMID: 35422333 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM High-performance polymers including polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) have been used as substitutes for metal frameworks in dental prostheses. However, the clinical performance of polymer-based frameworks is still uncertain. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review was to compare the clinical performance of PEEK and PEKK with that of metal frameworks for different dental prostheses. MATERIAL AND METHODS This review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Six databases and non-peer-reviewed literature (without language or follow-up restrictions) were searched for studies conducted before February 2022. Only clinical studies, either randomized clinical trials (RCTs) or nonrandomized clinical trials (N-RCTs), comparing the clinical performance of polymer and metal frameworks were included. The risk of bias and certainty of the evidence were assessed with the RoB 2.0, ROBINS-I, and GRADE. Biologic (plaque and gingival indices, probing depth, bleeding scores, implant stability quotient, marginal bone loss) and mechanical outcomes (ridge base relation, prosthetic marginal gap, and fracture) were assessed. RESULTS Only 9 studies (7 RCTs and 2 N-RCTs) were included, all with moderate to serious risk of bias and low to very low certainty of evidence. No meta-analysis was possible, but qualitative analysis revealed lower plaque and gingival indices, probing depth, and marginal bone loss, with higher survival rates for implant-supported fixed prostheses and overdentures fabricated with PEEK than for metal frameworks. No significant differences were found between groups for removable partial dentures. The marginal fit of PEEK frameworks was also better for single crowns. Three fractures were reported in the 3 PEKK fixed dental prostheses with cantilevers. CONCLUSIONS PEEK and PEKK seem to be promising materials for dental prostheses, with acceptable response from the periodontal tissue. However, further well-designed studies are necessary to better understand their clinical and long-term limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Tavares Gama
- PhD student, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Pinto Bezerra
- PhD student, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Martin Schimmel
- Full Professor, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern (UNIBE), Bern, Switzerland; Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Renata Cunha Matheus Rodrigues Garcia
- Full Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Graziela de Luca Canto
- Full Professor, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Lei B, Xiong H, Chen K. Comparison of wear and marginal fitness of 3D-printed deciduous molar crowns: An in vitro study. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:227-234. [PMID: 38417862 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the wear resistance of primary tooth enamel and 3 kinds of 3D printing materials and to compare the marginal fitness and internal suitability of prefabricated all-ceramic crowns, computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) all-ceramic crowns, and three 3D-printed deciduous molar crowns. Multifunctional friction wear testing machine was used to image the wear surface of the sample and calculate the maximum wear depth and volume loss value of each sample. The internal fit evaluation used the silicon replica method, The four points were measured using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD-test with a fully randomized design (p<0.05). The results showed the wear resistance of E-Dent400 was better than that of PEEK and three different 3D printed materials have good wear resistance compared with the primary tooth enamel. The measured values at M1 and M4 of E-Dent400 were both the smallest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lei
- Department of pedodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University
| | - Huacui Xiong
- Department of pedodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of pedodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University
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Chuchulska B, Dimitrova M, Vlahova A, Hristov I, Tomova Z, Kazakova R. Comparative Analysis of the Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility between CAD/CAM and Conventional Polymers Applied in Prosthetic Dentistry. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:877. [PMID: 38611135 PMCID: PMC11013798 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Modern media often portray CAD/CAM technology as widely utilized in the fabrication of dental prosthetics. This study presents a comparative analysis of the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of CAD/CAM (Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing) polymers and conventional polymers commonly utilized in prosthetic dentistry. With the increasing adoption of CAD/CAM technology in dental laboratories and practices, understanding the differences in material properties is crucial for informed decision-making in prosthodontic treatment planning. Through a narrative review of the literature and empirical data, this study evaluates the mechanical strength, durability, esthetics, and biocompatibility of CAD/CAM polymers in comparison to traditional polymers. Furthermore, it examines the implications of these findings on the clinical outcomes and long-term success of prosthetic restorations. The results provide valuable insights into the advantages and limitations of CAD/CAM polymers, informing clinicians and researchers about their suitability for various dental prosthetic applications. This study underscores the considerable advantages of CAD/CAM polymers over conventional ones in terms of mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and esthetics for prosthetic dentistry. CAD/CAM technology offers improved mechanical strength and durability, potentially enhancing the long-term performance of dental prosthetics, while the biocompatibility of these polymers makes them suitable for a broad patient demographic, reducing the risk of adverse reactions. The practical implications of these findings for dental technicians and dentists are significant, as understanding these material differences enables tailored treatment planning to meet individual patient needs and preferences. Integration of CAD/CAM technology into dental practices can lead to more predictable outcomes and heightened patient satisfaction with prosthetic restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhana Chuchulska
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (A.V.); (I.H.); (Z.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Mariya Dimitrova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (A.V.); (I.H.); (Z.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Angelina Vlahova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (A.V.); (I.H.); (Z.T.); (R.K.)
- CAD/CAM Center of Dental Medicine, Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ilian Hristov
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (A.V.); (I.H.); (Z.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Zlatina Tomova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (A.V.); (I.H.); (Z.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Rada Kazakova
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (A.V.); (I.H.); (Z.T.); (R.K.)
- CAD/CAM Center of Dental Medicine, Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Kaya N, Sasany R, Yanıkoglu N, Tosun B. Investigation of color and physicomechanical properties of peek and pekk after storage in a different medium. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5357. [PMID: 38438417 PMCID: PMC10912655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess color stability, solubility, and water sorption on polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polyether ketone ketone (PEKK) after immersion in different storage conditions. Material and Methods Ninety disc-shaped specimens (8 × 2) were obtained from CAD/CAM blocks [PEEK (n = 45) and PEKK (n = 45)]. Before immersion, baseline color value data were recorded with a spectrophotometer. The specimens were soaked in three solutions red wine, coffee, and distilled water at 37 °C for 28 days. Following immersion, color values were remeasured, and color-change values (ΔE) were calculated. Water sorption and solubility were assessed by mass gain or loss after storage in water for 28 days. The Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney U test were used for analysis (P = 0.05). Results ΔE00 between PEEK and PEKK was significantly different statistically (P < 0.001). PEEK presented higher water sorption than PEKK (P = 0.005). The difference in solubility between PEEK and PEKK was not statistically significant (P = 0.163). The materials and storage medium types had a statistically significant impact (P = 0.100). In terms of staining potential, the solutions tested in this experiment were ranked as: coffee > red wine > distilled water. The results of this study demonstrated that PEKK was more successful in polymer-containing CAD/CAM materials as it exhibited less color change and water absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihan Kaya
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Giresun, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Rafat Sasany
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Biruni, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nuran Yanıkoglu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ataturk, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Busra Tosun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Abant İzzet Baysal, Bolu, Turkey
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Periferakis A, Periferakis AT, Troumpata L, Dragosloveanu S, Timofticiuc IA, Georgatos-Garcia S, Scheau AE, Periferakis K, Caruntu A, Badarau IA, Scheau C, Caruntu C. Use of Biomaterials in 3D Printing as a Solution to Microbial Infections in Arthroplasty and Osseous Reconstruction. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:154. [PMID: 38534839 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9030154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The incidence of microbial infections in orthopedic prosthetic surgeries is a perennial problem that increases morbidity and mortality, representing one of the major complications of such medical interventions. The emergence of novel technologies, especially 3D printing, represents a promising avenue of development for reducing the risk of such eventualities. There are already a host of biomaterials, suitable for 3D printing, that are being tested for antimicrobial properties when they are coated with bioactive compounds, such as antibiotics, or combined with hydrogels with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, such as chitosan and metal nanoparticles, among others. The materials discussed in the context of this paper comprise beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), hydroxyapatite, lithium disilicate glass, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF), poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC), and zirconia. While the recent research results are promising, further development is required to address the increasing antibiotic resistance exhibited by several common pathogens, the potential for fungal infections, and the potential toxicity of some metal nanoparticles. Other solutions, like the incorporation of phytochemicals, should also be explored. Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) in the development of certain orthopedic implants and the potential use of AI against bacterial infections might represent viable solutions to these problems. Finally, there are some legal considerations associated with the use of biomaterials and the widespread use of 3D printing, which must be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Lamprini Troumpata
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Dragosloveanu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Orthopaedics, "Foisor" Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iosif-Aliodor Timofticiuc
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Spyrangelos Georgatos-Garcia
- Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society (TILT), Tilburg University, 5037 DE Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Corvers Greece IKE, 15124 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P.), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, "Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, "Foisor" Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, "Prof. N.C. Paulescu" National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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Huang Y, Wang J, Zhu L, Liu L, Gao S. The optimal design and three-dimensional finite element analysis of CAD/CAM integrated roach attachment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23283. [PMID: 38205291 PMCID: PMC10776949 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effect of different designs of movable parts and prosthetic materials on the stress distribution of supporting tissues in mandibular free end dentition defects using three-dimensional finite element analysis of digital Roach attachments. Material and methods A 3D model of a patient with Kennedy class I mandibular edentulous conditions was generated, and twelve prosthesis models were applied, combining two designs of removable parts and six types of CAD/CAM restorative materials with different elastic modulus (conventional zirconia, ultra-translucent zirconia, Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), Lithium disilicate, Nanoceramic resin, and resin composite (Paradigm MZ100, 3 M ESPE)). The stress distribution of abutment periodontal ligament, edentulousmucosa, and junction of attachment were analyzed using finite element analysis. Results The stress value of the buccal neck of the periodontal ligament and the maximum compressive stress of the distal periodontal ligament of the design with clasp arms were higher than those without clasp arms, while the stress on the junction of attachment and the displacement of the mucosa in the edentulous area were smaller. Restorative materials with high elastic modulus, such as conventional zirconia and ultra-translucent zirconia, are recommended to be used as the fixed part of Roach attachment. Conclusion CAD/CAM Roach attachments with clasp arms are recommended for the protection of mucosal soft tissue. Restorative materials with high elastic modulus, such as conventional zirconia and ultra-translucent zirconia, are recommended as the fixed part of Roach attachment for patients with free end defect of mandibular dentition. Clinical significance This study provides references for the design with clasp arms and the selection of clinical fixed-movable prosthetic materials. Clinicians should consider the design of attachments and selection of appropriate manufacturing materials carefully to avoid negative impacts on patients' periodontal support tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liren Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Almogbel L, Sadid-Zadeh R, Örgev A, Çakmak G, Li R. Flexural strength, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of ceramic-reinforced PEEK: An in vitro comparative study. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 38057961 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This in vitro study aimed to compare flexural strength, surface roughness, and biofilm formation of ceramic-reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with conventionally heat-compressed and milled polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture base materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty strips (6.4 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm) and 30 discs (10 mm × 1 mm) were fabricated from a heat-compressed PMMA, milled PMMA, and ceramic-reinforced PEEK, 10 each. One surface of each sample was polished to mimic the laboratory procedure for denture base materials. Strips were then subjected to a three-point bend test using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 5.0 mm/min. An optical profilometer was used to assess the Ra value (mm) of the discs on polished and unpolished sides. Biofilm formation behavior was analyzed by measuring the colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL of Candida albicans on the unpolished surface of the discs. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparison tests were used to compare the flexural strength, Ra value, and biofilm formation of the studied materials (a = 0.05). RESULTS Ceramic-reinforced PEEK showed significantly higher flexural strength (178.2 ± 3.2 MPa) than milled PMMA (89.6 ± 0.8 MPa; p < 0.001) and heat-compressed PMMA (67.3 ± 5.3 MPa; p < 0.001). Ceramic-reinforced PEEK exhibited a significantly higher Ra value than the other groups on unpolished sides; however, the polishing process significantly reduced the Ra values of all studied groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in C. albicans adhesion among the groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The flexural strength of tested materials was within acceptable limits for clinical use as a denture base material. Ceramic-reinforced PEEK had the highest surface roughness; however, its similarity in biofilm formation to other groups indicates its clinical acceptability as denture base material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lolowh Almogbel
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramtin Sadid-Zadeh
- Department of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ahmet Örgev
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Gülce Çakmak
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Wang Q, Zhang Z, Zhong S, Liu J, Hu Y, Zhou Z, Zhang C, Bai S, Wu L. Clinical application of a digital semi-rigid bridge space maintainer fabricated from polyetheretherketone for premature loss of primary molars. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:944. [PMID: 38031148 PMCID: PMC10685679 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03570-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature loss of primary molars can be treated with a band loop space maintainer (SM). However, fabricating a conventional band loop SM requires multiple clinical and laboratory procedures, which can potentially affect the accuracy of the SM. Moreover, the conventional SM is unable to fully restore masticatory function and maintain the vertical dimension of the edentulous space. In this current study, a fully digital workflow to fabricate a semi-rigid bridge SM made from polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been described and evaluated for its clinical effectiveness. METHODS A total of 15 children (eight males and seven females) between the ages of 4-8 years, who experienced the premature loss of a single primary molar, were included in this study. Digital impressions were taken using the CEREC CAD/CAM chair system and imported into CAD software to design the semi-rigid bridge SM, which was fabricated using PEEK block as the maintainer material. The digital SM was tried-in and bonded to the abutment with resin cement. The edentulous space was measured immediately after bonding (T0) and 1 month (T1), 3 months (T2), and 6 months (T3) after treatment. The periodontal condition and mobility of the SM and abutment were also examined. RESULTS The use of digital impressions resulted in a decreased occurrence of the pharyngeal reflex. The digital semi-rigid bridge SM, fabricated with PEEK, was both convenient and aesthetically pleasing, and successfully restored the anatomy and masticatory function of the missing primary molar. None of the 15 semi-rigid bridge SMs or abutments became loose or fell off during the study, and only one child presented with gingivitis. Furthermore, the difference in the edentulous space at T0, T1, T2, and T3 was not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The digital semi-rigid bridge SM fabricated with PEEK was clinically effective in maintaining the missing space and had advantages over the traditional band/crown loop SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sheng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Caidi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shizhu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Digital Dentistry Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Li'an Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145, Changle West Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Helmy MA, El-Shaheed NH, El Waseef FA, Ahmed WS, Hegazy SA. Effect of Ridge Splitting of Mandibular Knife Edge Ridges with Two-implant Retained Overdenture with Locator Attachments on Peri-implant Bone Level and Posterior Ridge Resorption: A One-year Preliminary Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24:834-839. [PMID: 38238269 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to evaluate peri-implant bone height changes and posterior ridge resorption by using two-implant retained polyetheretherketone (PEEK) overdentures with locator attachments following expansion of mandibular knife edge ridges by ridge splitting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen patients were selected for ridge splitting followed by expansion, implant placement, and bone graft application. Six months later, the fabrication of PEEK overdentures retained by locator attachments was accomplished. Friedman test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and Spearman correlation were used to evaluate the changes over time. RESULTS Peri-implant bone height loss increased significantly with the advance of time between 6 and 12 months following denture insertion. Posterior area index changes were significant over time when measured at the time of denture insertion and twelve months following denture insertion. CONCLUSION The effect of using PEEK as overdenture base material retained with two locator attachments allowed sharing the load between the peri-implant bone anteriorly and residual ridge posteriorly in cases with ridge splitting technique. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Using PEEK as an overdenture base material is a successful means of bone preservation. How to cite this article: Helmy MA, El-Shaheed NH, El Waseef FA, et al. Effect of Ridge Splitting of Mandibular Knife Edge Ridges with Two-implant Retained Overdenture with Locator Attachments on Peri-implant Bone Level and Posterior Ridge Resorption: A One-year Preliminary Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023;24(11):834-839.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Helmy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt, Phone: +20 1008871218, e-mail:
| | - Noha H El-Shaheed
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Fatma A El Waseef
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Wael S Ahmed
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
| | - Salah A Hegazy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt
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15
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Nassif M, Haddad C, Habli L, Zoghby A. Materials and manufacturing techniques for occlusal splints: A literature review. J Oral Rehabil 2023; 50:1348-1354. [PMID: 37392157 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the materials and fabrications methods of occlusal splints with their advantages and shortcomings and to clarify the indications for each. BACKGROUND Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) encompass a range of conditions affecting the masticatory system. Occlusal splints are currently recognised as a viable option for the management of TMDs when they are adopted in conjunction with additional approaches varying from conservative procedures (counselling, biofeedback, physical therapy, pharmacotherapy) to irreversible and less conservative ones (occlusal adjustments, orthodontics, arthroscopy and surgery). These splints can vary in design, function and material. The components used to fabricate the splints must withstand occlusal forces, be aesthetically pleasing, comfortable and minimally interfering with function and phonetics. Traditional methods for fabricating splints include sprinkle-on, thermoforming and lost wax techniques. However, with the advancement of CAD/CAM technology, additive (3D printing) and subtractive (milling) manufacturing methods expand the range of possibilities by introducing novel solutions for elaborating splints. METHODS An electronic search was conducted on PubMed using the following keywords: "occlusal splint", "guard and "materials", and "manufacturing." Thirteen in vitro publications were screened and they consisted of four clinical studies, nine reviews (three of them were systematic reviews), and five case reports. CONCLUSION The choice of material is crucial for the success of splint therapy. Factors such as biocompatibility, ease of fabrication, adjustability, cost and patient preference should be considered. Newer materials and techniques are emerging because of advancements in material science and manufacturing techniques. However, it should be noted that most of the evidence is based on in vitro studies with different methodologies, limiting their validity in daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryse Nassif
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Camille Haddad
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lara Habli
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amine Zoghby
- Department of Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Saint Joseph University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Lyu X, Kanda R, Tsuda S, Hashimoto Y, Fujii T, Kashiwagi K. Novel Carboxylation Method for Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Surface Modification Using Friedel-Crafts Acylation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15651. [PMID: 37958636 PMCID: PMC10650194 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has shown promising dental applications. Surface treatment is essential for dental applications owing to its poor surface energy and wettability; however, no consensus on an effective treatment method has been achieved. In this study, we attempted to carboxylate PEEK sample surfaces via Friedel-Crafts acylation using succinic anhydride and AlBr3. The possibility of further chemical modifications using carboxyl groups was examined. The samples were subjected to dehydration-condensation reactions with 1H,1H-pentadecafluorooctylamine and N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. Furthermore, the sample's surface properties at each reaction stage were evaluated. An absorption band in the 3300-3500 cm-1 wavenumber region was observed. Additionally, peak suggestive of COOH was observed in the sample spectra. Secondary modification diminished the absorption band in 3300-3500 cm-1 and a clear F1s signal was observed. Thus, Friedel-Crafts acylation with succinic anhydride produced carboxyl groups on the PEEK sample surfaces. Further chemical modification of the carboxyl groups by dehydration-condensation reactions is also possible. Thus, a series of reactions can be employed to impart desired chemical structures to PEEK surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghui Lyu
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (X.L.); (T.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Ryuhei Kanda
- Division of Creative and Integrated Medicine, Advanced Medicine Research Center, Translational Research Institute for Medical Innovation (TRIMI), Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Susumu Tsuda
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Yoshiya Hashimoto
- Division of Creative and Integrated Medicine, Advanced Medicine Research Center, Translational Research Institute for Medical Innovation (TRIMI), Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan;
- Department of Biomaterial, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takamasa Fujii
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (X.L.); (T.F.); (K.K.)
| | - Kosuke Kashiwagi
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics and Occlusion, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata 573-1121, Osaka, Japan; (X.L.); (T.F.); (K.K.)
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17
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Chen M, Ren M, Shi Y, Liu X, Wei H. State-of-the-art polyetheretherketone three-dimensional printing and multifunctional modification for dental implants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1271629. [PMID: 37929192 PMCID: PMC10621213 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1271629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a high-performance thermoplastic polymer with an elastic modulus close to that of the jawbone. PEEK has the potential to become a new dental implant material for special patients due to its radiolucency, chemical stability, color similarity to teeth, and low allergy rate. However, the aromatic main chain and lack of surface charge and chemical functional groups make PEEK hydrophobic and biologically inert, which hinders subsequent protein adsorption and osteoblast adhesion and differentiation. This will be detrimental to the deposition and mineralization of apatite on the surface of PEEK and limit its clinical application. Researchers have explored different modification methods to effectively improve the biomechanical, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, angiogenic, antioxidative, osteogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic, and soft tissue adhesion properties. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest research progress in material property advantages, three-dimensional printing synthesis, and functional modification of PEEK in the fields of implant dentistry and provides solutions for existing difficulties. We confirm the broad prospects of PEEK as a dental implant material to promote the clinical conversion of PEEK-based dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Chen
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mei Ren
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingqi Shi
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuyu Liu
- Hospital of Stomatogy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongtao Wei
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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18
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Parate KP, Naranje N, Vishnani R, Paul P. Polyetheretherketone Material in Dentistry. Cureus 2023; 15:e46485. [PMID: 37927628 PMCID: PMC10624419 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A polyaromatic nearly-crystalline thermoplastic polymer, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), has become a useful biomaterial and its use has increased in dentistry because of its properties. PEEK is scientifically approved and is among the safest material used to restore lost orofacial tissues at present. PEEK has a property of high biocompatibility, therefore there is increased utilization of PEEK in orthopaedic and trauma cases. PEEK has several excellent properties due to which it has been used in several fields of dentistry such as orthodontic wires, implants, removable dentures, fixed partial dentures, finger prostheses, temporary abutments, implant-supported provisional crowns, healing caps, maxillofacial prostheses, etc. Due to its modification, PEEK material is used more frequently in clinical dentistry. PEEK can be used as a material that is not traditional in the realm of dental care. Modification of PEEK has led to an increase in its use in the field of dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kshitija P Parate
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Naleen Naranje
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Rozina Vishnani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Priyanka Paul
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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19
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Win PP, Chen DDS, Sainbayar B, Peng TY, Cheng JHC. Assessment of mechanical characteristics of polyetheretherketone as orthodontic fixed lingual retainers. J Dent Sci 2023; 18:1804-1811. [PMID: 37799918 PMCID: PMC10548050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2023.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is known for its strength, flexibility, biocompatibility, and potential as a replacement for metals in dental appliances; however, uncertainty remains about the mechanical characteristics and dimensions of PEEK-made orthodontic fixed lingual retainers (FLRs). This study aimed to determine the optimal shape of PEEK-made orthodontic FLRs using the finite element method (FEM) and the three-point bending test (TPBT). Materials and methods Seventy-five three-dimensional PEEK rod-shaped models were created, which included five thicknesses (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 mm), five widths (0.7, 0.9, 1.1, 1.3, and 1.5 mm), and three cross-sectional shapes (rectangular, oval, and hemielliptical). A 0.9-mm (0.036-inch) stainless steel wire (SSW) was used as a control and the FEM was used to determine six optimal dimensions among the PEEK models. The selected models were then fabricated and subjected, along with the SSW, to the experimental TPBT to assess their mechanical responses against lingual and biting pressures. Results The FEM analysis revealed that Von Mises stresses on the PEEK models decreased with an increase in width and thickness. Six optimal shapes of PEEK models were chosen based on acceptable lingual and biting stresses as well as patient comfort compared to the SSW. Furthermore, PEEK models showed significantly lower deformation during the 3.1-mm deflection test than did the SSW, while no notable differences were observed among different sizes of PEEK models. The hemielliptical PEEK model with a thickness of 1.0 mm and width of 1.5 mm was found to be mechanically robust enough to withstand lingual forces, while none of the PEEK models, including the SSW, were able to resist biting forces. Conclusion Within the limitations of this in vitro study, PEEK-made orthodontic FLRs with a hemielliptical cross-sectional shape and a thickness-to-width ratio of 1.0:1.5 would be suitable for use as orthodontic FLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyi Phyo Win
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Daniel De-Shing Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bolormaa Sainbayar
- School of Dentistry, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar City, Mongolia
| | - Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Johnson Hsin-Chung Cheng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Andrade CS, de Abreu Costa L, Menechelli LG, Lemos CAA, Okamoto R, Verri FR, de Souza Batista VE. Biomechanical effects of different materials for an occlusal device on implant-supported rehabilitation in a tooth clenching situation. A 3D finite element analysis. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 37675950 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this 3D finite element analysis was to evaluate the biomechanical effects of different materials used to fabricate occlusal devices to achieve stress distribution in simulated abutment screws, dental implants, and peri-implant bone tissue in individuals who clench their teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight 3D models simulated a posterior maxillary bone block with three external hexagon implants (Ø4.0 × 7.0 mm) supporting a 3-unit screw-retained metal-ceramic prosthesis with different crown connection (splinting), and the use of an occlusal device (OD). The OD was modeled to be 2-mm thick. ANSYS 19.2 software was used to generate the finite-element models in the pre-and post-processing phases. Simulated abutment screws and dental implants were evaluated by von Mises stress maps, and simulated bone was evaluated by maximum principal stress and microstrain maps by using a finite element software program. RESULTS The highest stress values in the dental implants and screws were observed in single crowns without OD (M1). Furthermore, the highest stress values and bone tissue strain were found in single crowns without OD (M1). The simulated material for the OD did not cause many discrepancies in terms of the stress magnitude in the simulated dental implant and abutment screw for both single and splinted crowns; however, more rigid materials exhibited lower stress values. CONCLUSION The use of OD was effective in reducing stress in the simulated implants and abutment screws and stress and strain in the simulated bone tissue. The material used to simulate the OD influenced the biomechanical behavior of implant-supported fixed prostheses, whereas splints with rigid materials such as PEEK and PMMA exhibited better biomechanical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Souza Andrade
- Department of Prosthodontics, Presidente Prudente Dental School, University of Western São Paulo - UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Luy de Abreu Costa
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho-UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Luana Gonçalves Menechelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho-UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Cleidiel A A Lemos
- Department of Dentistry (Division of Prosthodontics), Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Avançado Governador Valadares (UFJF/GV), Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Roberta Okamoto
- Department of Basic Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, School of Dentistry at Araçatuba, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Fellippo R Verri
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho-UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Victor Eduardo de Souza Batista
- Department of Prosthodontics, Presidente Prudente Dental School, University of Western São Paulo - UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry - Implantology concentration area, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho-UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil
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21
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Peng TY, Ma TL, Lee IT, Wu SH, Mine Y, Lin CC. Enhancing Dental Cement Bond Strength with Autofocus-Laser-Cutter-Generated Grooves on Polyetheretherketone Surfaces. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3670. [PMID: 37765524 PMCID: PMC10536987 DOI: 10.3390/polym15183670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is widely used in dentistry owing to its exceptional properties, including its natural appearance; however, existing surface treatment methods for bonding PEEK have limitations. Autofocus laser cutters, known for their precise engraving and cutting capabilities, offer potential for surface treatment of PEEK; thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the creation of laser groove structures on PEEK to enhance its bonding capability with dental resin cement. A dental computer-aided design and manufacturing system was used to fabricate PEEK samples, and three groove patterns (circle, line, and grid) were generated on PEEK surfaces, with air-abrasion used as the control group. The surface characteristics, cell viability, and bond strength were evaluated, and the data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey's tests (α = 0.05). Laser-treated PEEK exhibited a uniform texture with a groove depth of approximately 39.4 µm, hydrophobic properties with a contact angle exceeding 90°, a surface roughness of 7.3-12.4 µm, consistent topography, and comparable cell viability compared with untreated PEEK. Despite a decrease in bond strength after thermal cycling, no significant intergroup differences were observed, except for the line-shaped laser pattern. These findings indicate that the autofocus laser cutter effectively enhances the surface characteristics of PEEK by creating a uniform texture and grooves, showing promise in improving bonding properties, even considering the impact of thermal cycling effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (S.-H.W.)
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Li Ma
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (S.-H.W.)
| | - Sheng-Han Wu
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (S.-H.W.)
| | - Yuichi Mine
- Department of Medical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Chia-Cheng Lin
- Department of Dentistry, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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22
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Liu C, Huang Z, Zhu J, Liu X, Zhu B, Zheng D, Yang B, Tao R, Cai C, Chen X, Liu J, Deng Z. Near-ultraviolet irradiation to stimulate unmodified polyether ether ketone to achieve stable and sustainable antibacterial activity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 229:113441. [PMID: 37422990 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the cytotoxicity and sustainable antibacterial activity of unmodified PEEK under specific wavelength light treatment (365 nm), and its antibacterial mechanism was also preliminarily discussed. METHODS A near-ultraviolet source with a wavelength of 365 nm and a power of 5 W were selected. The irradiation time was 30 min, and the distance was 100 mm. A water contact angle tester was used to characterize the surface of the PEEK after 1-15 light treatments. MC3TC-E1 cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the materials under light treatment. Five kinds of common oral bacteria were detected in vitro, and antibacterial efficiency was determined by colony-forming unit (CFU) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The antibacterial mechanism of PEEK under light was preliminarily discussed by spectrophotometry. The membrane rupture of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was detected by lactate dehydrogenase. Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus mutans were selected for the cyclic antibacterial test. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey multiple range test. A significance level of 0.05 was considered (α = 0.05). RESULTS The results of the cell experiment showed that PEEK had no cytotoxicity (P > 0.05). CFU results showed that PEEK had an obvious antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus mutans, Staphylococcus gordonii and Staphylococcus sanguis, but had no antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli (P < 0.05). The SEM results also verified the above antibacterial effect. The existence of singlet oxygen was confirmed by spectrophotometry. Meanwhile, the rupture of Staphylococcus aureus membrane was verified by lactate dehydrogenase assay. The water contact angle of the PEEK surface did not change significantly after 15 cycles of light treatment. Cyclic antibacterial experiments showed that the antibacterial effect was sustainable. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that PEEK has good cytocompatibility with stable and sustainable antibacterial properties under near-ultraviolet. It provides a new idea to solve the non-antibacterial property of PEEK, and also provides a theoretical basis for its further application in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxing Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhuo Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Shaoxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaoxing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jinlei Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiangzhi Liu
- Clinical medical college of Tianjin medical university, Tianjin 300010, China
| | - Bingbing Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Dongyang Zheng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Bingqian Yang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ran Tao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chenxi Cai
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jinsong Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Zhennan Deng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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23
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Wu S, Qian C, Jiao T, Sun J. Comparison of the Retention and Fit of Polyether Ether Ketone Clasps during Fatigue Circulation Tests. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19959. [PMID: 37809567 PMCID: PMC10559545 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fit and retention of clasps made of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or cobalt-chromium alloy (Co-Cr) at different tooth positions in experimental simulations of in vitro wear and removal for 5 years. Methods Standard crowns of the right mandibular first premolar (44) and first molar (46) were selected, and a circular three-arm clasp was designed, scanned and fabricated. Ten PEEK clasps were used as the experimental group, and 10 Co-Cr clasps were used as the control group. The seating channel was parallel to the side of the abutment base in both groups. The oral environment was simulated, and each clasp was tested in artificial saliva for 7200 cycles while the change in clasp retention force was recorded. The fit before and after the fatigue cycles was measured by the silicone rubber film copying method. Data were statistically analyzed using the independent samples t-test (α = 0.05). Results Before circulation, the retention forces of the clasps at position 44 were 4.61 ± 0.91 N (PEEK) and 47.50 ± 10.59 N (Co-Cr), and the forces at position 46 were 3.38 ± 0.49 N (PEEK) and 28.79 ± 10.99 N (Co-Cr). After circulation, the retention forces of the clasps at position 44 were 4.15 ± 0.91 N (PEEK) and 13.90 ± 6.59 N (Co-Cr), and the forces at position 46 were 2.93 ± 0.25 N (PEEK) and 11.56 ± 3.93 N (Co-Cr). Before circulation, the fit of each clasp at the reference points (clasp tip, clasp arm, and occlusal rest) was between 41.70 μm and 170.29 μm, and after circulation, they were between 64.05 μm and 182.59 μm. The retention force and fit of the PEEK clasps did not undergo statistically significant changes from before to after circulation (P > 0.05). However, there were statistically significant (P < 0.05) decreases in the retention force of the Co-Cr clasps and the fit of the clasp tip during circulation. In addition, there was a sudden and large change in the retention force of the Co-Cr clasps after approximately 360 cycles. Conclusions The retention force and suitability of the PEEK clasps met the requirements for clinical use during testing that simulated the in vitro wear and removal procedure for 5 years. Compared with the Co-Cr clasp, the PEEK clasp underwent less fatigue deformation, which makes it feasible for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ting Jiao
- Corresponding author. No.500 Quxi Rd, Huangpu district, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jian Sun
- Corresponding author. No.500 Quxi Rd, Huangpu district, Shanghai, PR China.
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24
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Rakotoaridina K, Delrieu J, Pages P, Vergé T, Nasr K, Canceill T. Evaluation of Poly(etheretherketone) Post's Mechanical Strength in Comparison with Three Metal-Free Biomaterials: An In Vitro Study. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3583. [PMID: 37688208 PMCID: PMC10489626 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The thinking about metallic replacement has begun in a global context of reducing metallic alloys' use in odontology. Among the materials proposed for their replacement, poly(etheretherketone) may present interesting properties, especially in removable dentures' frames. The purpose of this study is to evaluate fracture resistance of PEEK posts-and-cores compared to non-metallic CAD/CAM materials and fiber glass posts. Forty extracted maxillary central incisors were prepared to receive posts. Samples were divided into four groups depending on whether they had been reconstructed with LuxaCam® PEEK, Enamic®, Numerys GF® or LuxaPost®. Samples were submitted to an oblique compressive test and results were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and Student's tests (or non-parametric tests depending on the conditions). Glass fiber posts and Numerys GF® reveal a significantly higher fracture resistance than LuxaCam® PEEK and Enamic®. No exclusively dental fracture has been noted for the Enamic group, which significantly distinguishes these samples from the three other groups. In our study, it appears that the conception of posts and cores with hybrid ceramic never conducts to a unique tooth fracture. By weighting the results according to the materials used, our data, obtained for the first time on this type of PEEK block, cannot confirm the possibility of using PEEK for inlay-core conception, excepted for specific cases when the material is considered in a patient presenting allergies or systemic disease contraindicating resin or metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Rakotoaridina
- Département Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 3 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Julien Delrieu
- Département Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 3 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Paul Pages
- Département Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 3 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Thierry Vergé
- Département Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 3 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Karim Nasr
- Département Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 3 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Thibault Canceill
- Département Odontologie, Faculté de Santé, Hôpitaux de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 3 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
- CNRS UMR 5085, INPT, Faculté de Pharmacie, CIRIMAT, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraichers, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
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25
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He Z, Wu Q, Zhang N, Yang X, Lu Y, Yan P, Yue L, Yu H. A digital chairside repair protocol for removable partial dentures with polyetheretherketone frameworks. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00486-9. [PMID: 37604753 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has become popular for removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks but reports on their clinical follow-up and repair are lacking. Two defective PEEK-framework RPDs were repaired with computer-aided design and manufacturing technology, saving costs and time and simplifying the treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijing He
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qin Wu
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Na Zhang
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xingqiang Yang
- Technician, Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuqing Lu
- Graduate student, Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Pengtao Yan
- Graduate student, R&D Department, Jilin University, Sion-Dentex Co., Ltd, Changchun, PR China
| | - Li Yue
- Senior Technician, Department of Dental Technology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China..
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26
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Yildiz S, Tekin S, Kizilkaya AR, Akgün SE, Deger Y. Comparative Stress Analysis of Custom-Made PEEK Dental Post-Cores versus Conventional Post-Cores in Incisor Restorations: A Finite Element Study. Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940887. [PMID: 37587670 PMCID: PMC10443227 DOI: 10.12659/msm.940887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a finite element analysis to evaluate stress levels in incisor teeth restored with custom polyetheretherketone (PEEK) dental post-cores compared to conventional post-cores. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging data, a 3D model of a maxillary incisor was created. For each material type, 3D mesh models were developed via specialized software. Two post diameters, 2.5 mm and 3.5 mm, were considered. Five different post materials were examined: Unfilled polyetheretherketone (Group UP); Glass fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (Group GP); Carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (Group CP); Metal (Group M); and Zirconia ceramic (Group Z). Each model underwent finite element analysis, after which the von Mises equivalent stress values were determined. RESULTS For models involving both wide and narrow diameter posts across the crown, crown cement, post cement, and dentin, PEEK posts (Group UP, GP, and CP) exhibited higher von Mises stress values than Groups Z and M. However, the reverse trend was noticed in the post model itself. In the post cement model, stress values appeared similar only for the narrow-diameter post groups. Notably, results for Groups Z and M were largely consistent with each other. CONCLUSIONS PEEK posts, which have a lower modulus of elasticity, demonstrated different stress values when contrasted with zirconia and metal posts. As the post diameter expanded, the residual dentin decreased, influencing the stress values among various materials. Further in vitro and clinical examinations are essential to comprehensively understand PEEK posts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semsettin Yildiz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Samet Tekin
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Semih Ercan Akgün
- Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, Bafra Oral and Dental Health Center, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Yalcin Deger
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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27
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Rexhepi I, Santilli M, D’Addazio G, Tafuri G, Manciocchi E, Caputi S, Sinjari B. Clinical Applications and Mechanical Properties of CAD-CAM Materials in Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry: A Systematic Review. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:431. [PMID: 37623675 PMCID: PMC10455074 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical outcomes of dental restorations depend primarily on the choice of materials used, and nowadays, dental CAD-CAM (Computer-Aided Design Computer-Aided Manufacturing) materials have strongly changed daily clinical practice. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze CAD-CAM dental materials according to their mechanical properties and in relation to their clinical applications. A literature review was performed on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, and the Cochrane Library. Articles addressing at least one of the following topics regarding dental materials for CAD-CAM systems: manufacturers, mechanical features, materials' composition, optical properties, clinical indications, and/or outcomes were included in the review. A flowchart was performed as described in the PRISMA guidelines. Among the 564 articles found, 63 were analyzed and evaluated. Within the limitations of this systematic review, it can be concluded that CAD-CAM materials present a wide range of clinical applications due to their improved mechanical properties. Specifically, in addition to materials that have been in use for a long time (such as feldspathic ceramics), resin block composites can also be used for permanent restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imena Rexhepi
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Manlio Santilli
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianmaria D’Addazio
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tafuri
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Eugenio Manciocchi
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sergio Caputi
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Bruna Sinjari
- Unit of Prosthodontics, Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (I.R.); (M.S.); (G.D.); (G.T.); (E.M.); (S.C.)
- Electron Microscopy Laboratory, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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28
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Su Q, Qiao Y, Xiao Y, Yang S, Wu H, Li J, He X, Hu X, Yang H, Yong X. Research progress of 3D printed poly (ether ether ketone) in the reconstruction of craniomaxillofacial bone defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1259696. [PMID: 37662437 PMCID: PMC10469012 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1259696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical challenge of bone defects in the craniomaxillofacial region, which can lead to significant physiological dysfunction and psychological distress, persists due to the complex and unique anatomy of craniomaxillofacial bones. These critical-sized defects require the use of bone grafts or substitutes for effective reconstruction. However, current biomaterials and methods have specific limitations in meeting the clinical demands for structural reinforcement, mechanical support, exceptional biological performance, and aesthetically pleasing reconstruction of the facial structure. These drawbacks have led to a growing need for novel materials and technologies. The growing development of 3D printing can offer significant advantages to address these issues, as demonstrated by the fabrication of patient-specific bioactive constructs with controlled structural design for complex bone defects in medical applications using this technology. Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK), among a number of materials used, is gaining recognition as a feasible substitute for a customized structure that closely resembles natural bone. It has proven to be an excellent, conformable, and 3D-printable material with the potential to replace traditional autografts and titanium implants. However, its biological inertness poses certain limitations. Therefore, this review summarizes the distinctive features of craniomaxillofacial bones and current methods for bone reconstruction, and then focuses on the increasingly applied 3D printed PEEK constructs in this field and an update on the advanced modifications for improved mechanical properties, biological performance, and antibacterial capacity. Exploring the potential of 3D printed PEEK is expected to lead to more cost-effective, biocompatible, and personalized treatment of craniomaxillofacial bone defects in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Su
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yixin Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yile Xiao
- Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuhao Yang
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Wu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinlong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xulin Hu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Yong
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ahmad SM, Dawood SN, Dalloo GAM, Al-Barazanchi TRH. Evaluation of mechanical properties of different polyetheretherketone endodontic post systems: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:537. [PMID: 37542242 PMCID: PMC10401823 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival of endodontically treated teeth depends on an efficient restoration of the missing tooth structure. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of different endodontic post systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human permanent maxillary central incisors (no.=58) were decoronated and root-filled. The specimens with prepared root canals were randomly divided into Group P: Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) post and composite core and Group C: custom-made post-core of PEEK. The cementation of the posts was carried out using self-adhesive resin cement. Nano-hybrid composite resin was used for core fabrication. After cementation, the specimens from each group were randomly divided into two subgroups according to the types of tests utilized: 14 from each group were for the fracture strength test, which was restored with IPS e-max CAD crown, and 15 from each group for the pullout resistance test. A universal testing machine was used for the test performance. RESULTS The fracture resistance test showed that the values significantly differed among tested posts (P = 0.013). Group P showed the highest fracture resistance. Group C exhibited higher mean pullout resistance values than the other group (P) (P = 0.059). In the two-piece PEEK post and composite core, the predominant type of failure was a core fracture, while in the one-piece PEEK post-core, most types of failures were either in the crown or in the post. CONCLUSIONS The prefabricated posts are more resistant to fracture than the custom-made posts, with fracture and displacement mainly of the core. In contrast, both showed similar pullout resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawbo Muhamd Ahmad
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, 0046, Iraq
| | - Shilan Nawzad Dawood
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, 0046, Iraq
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Moharil S, Reche A, Durge K. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) as a Biomaterial: An Overview. Cureus 2023; 15:e44307. [PMID: 37779776 PMCID: PMC10536400 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a very powerful biomaterial that is increasingly used in dentistry. It has superior properties, which make it desirable in implantology. The applications of PEEK include finger prosthesis, RPD and FPD framework, and dental implants. Changes in the production of polyketone-based materials have been made to ensure consistent production of polymers for medical applications. PEEK is a high-performance semicrystalline material that has physical properties such as high resilience and strength. It is a tooth-colored material, making it desirable for its aesthetic appearance. Traditional manufacturing methods like injection molding, extrusion, and compression molding are used for PEEK. Despite the high price of the polymer, the additional value that PEEK materials bring by offering the possibility of manufacturing parts include lightweight, strength or toughness and able to survive longer in harsh environments. PEEK has trauma or shock cancelling abilities, fracture resisting abilities, stress distributing ability, osseointegrating abilities, With such great qualities PEEK has an increased demand in the market, and this biomaterial never failes to surprise with its amazing success rate. Even in dentistry PEEK has a wide range of applications which includes, as a dental implants biomaterial, prosthetic material, abutment material, post and core material, crowns, removable partial denture framework. With such a huge range of applications PEEK is said to have been providing an all in one package for dentistry. PEEK biomaterial shows great compatibility with bioactive materials which has proven to be of great help to mankind as not only it is involved in life sciences but also in automotives and aerodynamics as well. The main motto of this review is to know the qualities and the properties of PEEK as a capable implant prosthesis for its application focusing on dental implants. This review tells us about the challenges faced when using this material and benefits and advantages of this biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhavi Moharil
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Amit Reche
- Public Health Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Khushboo Durge
- Periodontics, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Chen T, Jinno Y, Atsuta I, Tsuchiya A, Stocchero M, Bressan E, Ayukawa Y. Current surface modification strategies to improve the binding efficiency of emerging biomaterial polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with bone and soft tissue: A literature review. J Prosthodont Res 2023; 67:337-347. [PMID: 36372438 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_22_00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to review the literature on current surface modification strategies used to improve the binding efficiency of an emerging biological material, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), with bone and soft tissues. STUDY SELECTION This review was based on articles retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases. The main keywords used during the search were "polyetheretherketone (PEEK)," "implant," "surface modification," "biomaterials," "bone," "osseointegration," and "soft tissue." RESULTS The suitability of PEEK surface modification strategies has been critically analyzed and summarized here. Many cell and in vivo experiments in small animals have shown that the use of advanced modification technologies with appropriate surface modification strategies can effectively improve the surface inertness of PEEK, thereby improving its binding efficiency with bone and soft tissues. CONCLUSIONS Surface modifications of PEEK have revealed new possibilities for implant treatment; however, most results are based on in vitro or short-term in vivo evaluations in small animals. To achieve a broad application of PEEK in the field of oral implantology, more in vivo experiments and long-term clinical evaluations are needed to investigate the effects of various surface modifications on the tissue integration ability of PEEK to develop an ideal implant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Chen
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yohei Jinno
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ikiru Atsuta
- Division of Advanced Dental Devices and Therapeutics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Tsuchiya
- Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michele Stocchero
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Eriberto Bressan
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Dentistry, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Yasunori Ayukawa
- Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Al-Asad HM, El Afandy MH, Mohamed HT, Mohamed MH. Hybrid Prosthesis versus Overdenture: Effect of BioHPP Prosthetic Design Rehabilitating Edentulous Mandible. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:4108679. [PMID: 37426766 PMCID: PMC10325880 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4108679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To compare the BioHPP (biocompatible high-performance polymer) as a substructure for the hybrid prosthesis versus the BioHPP bar supporting and retaining implant overdenture by radiographic evaluation to identify bone height alteration around the implants and to evaluate satisfaction based on visual analoge scale questionnaire. Materials and Methods Ill-fitting mandibular dentures were chosen for 14 fully edentulous male patients with adequate dental hygiene, enough interarch space, and free of systemic diseases and parafunctional habits. Patients who received new dentures (CDs) were randomly allocated into each group using computer software, and four interforaminal implants were inserted in parallel using a surgical guide. Three months after osseointegration, the patients received either CAD-CAM BioHPP framework hybrid prosthesis (Group I) or BioHPP bar supported and retained overdenture (Group II). Using digital preapical radiography, the bone loss is evaluated 6, 12, and 18 months after insertion. The subjective patient evaluation was done using a questionnaire based on the VAS includes five points for chewing, comfort, esthetics, speech, oral hygiene, and general satisfaction. Results The overall marginal bone loss (MBL) revealed that Group I (hybrid prosthesis) was more than Group II (bar overdenture) at all intervals in the anterior and posterior implants' mesial and distal surfaces. The patient satisfaction survey results showed that, after 18 months, the difference was statistically not significant between them all (P > 0.05) except for the comfort (for the overdenture group, 4.43 ± 0.53 while the fixed hybrid was 5.00 ± 0.00). Conclusion BioHPP framework material is an alternative material for implant rehabilitation of edentulous mandible with minimal MBL in BioHPP bar overdenture compared to BioHPP hybrid prosthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Mohsen Al-Asad
- Faculty of Dentistry, Aden University, Aden, Yemen
- University of Science and Technology, Aden, Yemen
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33
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Elkhadem AH, Fouad HF. Fabrication of CAD-CAM custom-made bar clip for implant-supported overdentures using an intraoral scanner: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00332-3. [PMID: 37328407 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This article describes a digital technique for fabricating individually designed overdenture bar clips. The patient was scanned intraorally using a Medit i700 scanner; the custom clip was designed using the Blender software program and milled from polyoxymethylene blocks. This low-cost technique offers more available options compared with traditional clips, improving the management of retention loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr H Elkhadem
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Huda F Fouad
- Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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Cassari L, Zamuner A, Messina GML, Marsotto M, Chang HC, Coward T, Battocchio C, Iucci G, Marletta G, Di Silvio L, Dettin M. Strategies for the Covalent Anchoring of a BMP-2-Mimetic Peptide to PEEK Surface for Bone Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103869. [PMID: 37241496 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Researchers in the field of tissue engineering are always searching for new scaffolds for bone repair. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a chemically inert polymer that is insoluble in conventional solvents. PEEK's great potential in tissue engineering applications arises from its ability to not induce adverse reactions when in contact with biological tissues and its mechanical properties, which are similar to those of human bone. These exceptional features are limited by the bio-inertness of PEEK, which causes poor osteogenesis on the implant surface. Here, we demonstrated that the covalent grafting of the sequence (48-69) mapped on the BMP-2 growth factor (GBMP1α) significantly enhances the mineralization and gene expression of human osteoblasts. Different chemical methods were employed for covalently grafting the peptide onto 3D-printed PEEK disks: (a) the reaction between PEEK carbonyls and amino-oxy groups inserted in the peptides' N-terminal sites (oxime chemistry) and (b) the photoactivation of azido groups present in the peptides' N-terminal sites, which produces nitrene radicals able to react with PEEK surface. The peptide-induced PEEK surface modification was assessed using X-ray photoelectron measurements, while the superficial properties of the functionalized material were analyzed by means of atomic force microscopy and force spectroscopy. Live and dead assays and SEM measurements showed greater cell cover on functionalized samples than the control, without any cytotoxicity induction. Moreover, functionalization improved the rate of cell proliferation and the amount of calcium deposits, as demonstrated by the AlamarBlue™ and alizarin red results, respectively. The effects of GBMP1α on h-osteoblast gene expression were assayed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Cassari
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Annj Zamuner
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Grazia Maria Lucia Messina
- Laboratory for Molecular Surface and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Marsotto
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Hao-Chen Chang
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Trevor Coward
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marletta
- Laboratory for Molecular Surface and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Lucy Di Silvio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Monica Dettin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Lee PC, Peng TY, Ma TL, Chiang KY, Mine Y, Lee IT, Yu CC, Chen SF, Yu JH. Effect of Various Airborne Particle Abrasion Conditions on Bonding between Polyether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK) and Dental Resin Cement. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092114. [PMID: 37177258 PMCID: PMC10181231 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of alumina particle size and jet pressure on the bond strength of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) were examined to determine the airborne particle abrasion parameters with minimal effects on PEEK and to achieve optimal bond strength, as a reference for future clinical use. An alumina particle with four particle sizes and three jet pressures was used to air-abrade PEEK. Surface roughness (Ra), morphology, chemical structure, and wettability were analyzed using a stylus profilometer, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, and contact angle analyzer, respectively. The shear bond strength (SBS) of PEEK and dental resin cement was analyzed using a universal testing machine (n = 10). The failure modes and debonded fracture surfaces were observed using optical microscopy. Airborne particle abrasion increased the Ra and hydrophobicity of PEEK and deposited alumina residues. The SBS generally decreased after thermal cycling. A large particle size damaged the PEEK surface. The effects of different particle sizes and jet pressures on the SBS were only significant in certain groups. Adhesive failure was the main mode for all groups. Within the limitations of this study, 110 μm grain-sized alumina particles combined with a jet pressure of 2 bar prevented damage to PEEK, providing sufficient SBS and bonding durability between PEEK and dental resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Chieh Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Li Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chiang
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yuichi Mine
- Department of Medical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chiang Yu
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Happy Dental Clinic, Taichung 42950, Taiwan
| | - Su-Feng Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Hong Yu
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Digital Oral Science and Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Toma FR, Moleriu LC, Porojan L. Micro-CT Marginal and Internal Fit Evaluation of CAD/CAM High-Performance Polymer Onlay Restorations. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071715. [PMID: 37050329 PMCID: PMC10096728 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The use of high-performance polymers for fixed restorations requires additional studies regarding their adaptability and processing with CAD/CAM technology. This in vitro study aims to assess the marginal and internal fit of PEEK and PEKK materials using microcomputed tomography. (2) Methods: Twenty-four (n = 8) MOD onlays made of PEKK (Pekkton ivory), unmodified PEEK (Juvora medical), and modified PEEK (BioHPP) were investigated. A typodont mandibular left first molar was scanned to achieve 24 resin, 3D printed abutment teeth. The onlays were fabricated with a five-axis milling machine, and after cementation of the specimens, the marginal (MG) and internal gaps (IG) were evaluated at twelve points in the mesio-distal section and thirteen points in the bucco-lingual section using microcomputed tomography. For statistical data analysis, Wilcoxon signed-rank/paired Student t-Test, Mann-Whitney/unpaired Student t-Test, and one-way ANOVA test were applied. (3) Results: Significant differences (p < 0.05; α = 0.05) were reported between the MG and IG for each material for all three polymers and also among two materials in terms of the MG and IG (except Juvora-BioHPP). The highest IG values were recorded in angular areas (axio-gingival line angle) in the mesio-distal section for all the polymers. (4) Conclusions: For all the materials, MG < IG. The type of polymer influenced the adaptability; the lowest marginal and internal gap mean values were recorded for BioHPP. The analyzed polymer used for onlays are clinically acceptable in terms of adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Roxana Toma
- Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), Center for Advanced Technologies in Dental Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Cristina Moleriu
- Department of Functional Science, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Liliana Porojan
- Department of Dental Prostheses Technology (Dental Technology), Center for Advanced Technologies in Dental Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Victor Babeș" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timișoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Miura D, Ishida Y, Shinya A. The Effects of Different Molding Orientations, Highly Accelerated Aging, and Water Absorption on the Flexural Strength of Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Fabricated by Fused Deposition Modeling. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071602. [PMID: 37050216 PMCID: PMC10096610 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rising prices are currently a problem in the world. In particular, the abnormal increases in the price of metals, which are often used in dental prosthetics, have increased the burden of dental costs on the public. There is therefore an urgent need to develop prosthetic devices made from materials that are not affected by the global situation and that have excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties comparable to those of metals. Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is a promising alternative to metal in dentistry. This study compared the effects of different molding orientations, highly accelerated aging, and water absorption on the flexural strength of PEEK fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM) and examined its potential for dental applications. The flexural strength of PEEK stacked at 0° to the molding stage (0° PF), with and without highly accelerated aging, was significantly greater than for the other molding orientations. As with PD, the maximum test load for 0° PF was measured without fracture. PEEK stacked at 45° (45° PF) and 90° (90° PF) to the molding stage easily fractured, as the applied load pulled the stacked layers. No statistically significant difference was found between the flexural strength of 45° PF and 90° PF. The flexural strength decreased under all conditions due to defects in the crystal structure of PEEK caused by highly accelerated aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Miura
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ishida
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
| | - Akikazu Shinya
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, The Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
- Turku Biomaterials Research Program, Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry and BioCity, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
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Vaddamanu SK, Alhamoudi FH, Chaturvedi S, Alqahtani NM, Addas MK, Alfarsi MA, Vyas R, Kanji MA, Zarbah MA, Alqahtani WMS, Alqahtani SM, Abdelmonem AM, Elmahdi AE. Retentive Forces and Deformation of Fitting Surface in RPD Clasp Made of Polyether-Ether-Ketone (PEEK). Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040956. [PMID: 36850239 PMCID: PMC9959771 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has provided the option to fabricate RPDs with aesthetics unlike metal RPDs, but little attention has been paid to its suitability, especially towards the retentive forces and deformation of the clasp. This study aimed to examine the retentive forces and the fitting surface (inner surface) deformation of clasps made from PEEK and compare it with cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) clasp. METHODS Forty-two circumferential clasps (14 Co-Cr and 28 PEEK) were fabricated and divided into two groups with clasp undercuts (0.25 mm and 0.5 mm) with thicknesses of 1 mm and 1.5 mm. Each was examined for retentive forces after cycle test on its abutment for 360 cycles. Initial and final retentive forces were recorded. The fitting surface deformation was determined using 3-Matic research analysis software. RESULTS The results revealed that highest mean initial retentive force was of Co-Cr clasps with 0.50 mm undercut 22.26 N (±10.15 N), and the lowest was the 1 mm PEEK clasps with 0.25 mm undercut 3.35 N (±0.72 N) and highest mean final retentive force was the Co-Cr clasps with 0.50 mm undercut 21.40 N (±9.66 N), and the lowest was the 1 mm PEEK clasps with 0.25 mm undercut 2.71 N (±0.47 N). PEEK clasps had a lower retentive force than Co-Cr clasps with 0.50 undercut. PEEK clasps (1.5 mm) at 0.25 mm undercut had the least deformation (35.3 µm). PEEK showed significantly less deformation (p ≤ 0.014) than Co-Cr. CONCLUSION The deformation of PEEK clasps fitting surface was lower than Co-Cr clasps and retentive forces were close to the Co-Cr clasps, suggesting the use of PEEK as an aesthetic clasp option for RPD framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Vaddamanu
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.K.V.); (S.C.); Tel.: +966-595220377 (S.K.V.); +966-580697248 (S.C.)
| | - Fahad Hussain Alhamoudi
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saurabh Chaturvedi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.K.V.); (S.C.); Tel.: +966-595220377 (S.K.V.); +966-580697248 (S.C.)
| | - Nasser M. Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Khaled Addas
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Al Alfarsi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Vyas
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masroor Ahmed Kanji
- Department of Dental Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A. Zarbah
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed M. S. Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M. Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M. Abdelmonem
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Elsir Elmahdi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Abdelaziz MS, Fawzy AM, Ghali RM, Nassar HI. Retention of Different Attachment Systems for Digitally Designed Mandibular Implant Overdenture. J Prosthodont 2023; 32:162-169. [PMID: 35344237 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary retention and gradual loss of retention of different attachment systems are important key factors in proper attachment selection; however, studies on attachment retention show a wide range of retention values concerning the same attachment system. This in vitro study uses a novel approach that utilizes a digitally designed and 3D-printed reinforced overdenture, which has a digitally determined geometric center, in order to standardize results for future research and clinical work. This study aims to evaluate initial retention along with the gradual loss of retention at different time intervals between three types of stud attachments, retaining a digitally designed, reinforced mandibular overdenture after 5475 cycles simulating 5 years of attachment usage. MATERIALS AND METHODS An epoxy model of an ACP Class I (American College of Prosthodontists) edentulous mandible was constructed. A fully computer-designed surgical guide was employed after virtual denture design to place two implants according to prosthetically driven implant placement protocol. A metal meshwork with tissue stops was designed digitally to reinforce the denture and to carry the geometric center. The meshwork was incorporated into the denture-intaglio surface, which was planned for attachment pickup. Forty-eight digitally designed and metal-reinforced 3D-printed dentures were divided into four groups (12 dentures for each group). Loss of retention was measured to compare two novel Locator attachments (12 pairs of Locator R-TX, 12 pairs of Locator F-TX medium and low retention, with 12 pairs of ball and socket). Each group was subjected to an insertion and removal fatigue test resembling 5 years of patient usage. Retention values were recorded using a universal testing machine. RESULTS Locator F-TX medium and low retention showed loss of retention by 91.93% and 92.91%, after fatigue testing equivalent to 2 and 3 years of use, respectively. Ball and socket and Locator R-TX showed loss of retention by 19.87% and 26.31%, respectively, after fatigue testing equivalent to 5 years of use. CONCLUSIONS Locator R-TX attachment systems showed promising retention for implant overdentures compared to ball and socket attachments. The proposed digital technique of denture reinforcement is capable of standardizing results for research and clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medhat Sameh Abdelaziz
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya Mohamed Fawzy
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rami Maher Ghali
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam I Nassar
- Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Department of Prosthodontics, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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40
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Cast-free fabrication of a digital removable partial denture with a polyetheretherketone framework. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 129:262-266. [PMID: 34218902 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Digital workflows for removable partial dentures have enabled new machinable framework materials, including polyetheretherketone (PEEK). In addition, all denture components can be designed and manufactured digitally. Nonetheless, physical casts are still required for assembly of the components. The adoption of a cast-free fabrication procedure may enhance benefits, including a reduced number of procedures, faster processing, and reduced material waste. The purpose of this technical report was to demonstrate a workflow for the fabrication of a removable partial denture with a PEEK framework, milled teeth, and milled flanges, which uses intraoral scanning and no physical casts.
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41
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Wei X, Wang M, Pan Y, Lin H, Jiang L, Wang Y, Cheng H. Influence of fabrication method on the biological properties of modified PEEK. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:72-78. [PMID: 36351597 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of fabrication method on the biological properties of modified PEEK. Two materials were tested in this study: press and CAD/CAM milled ceramic-reinforced PEEK (BioHPP, Bredent, Germany). The residual diphenyl sulfone in these two materials was detected and their biological effects on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were evaluated by assaying cell viability, apoptosis, and inflammation. Diphenyl sulfone was not detected in press and milled BioHPP. The cell viability of them complied with ISO standards. The mRNA expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 were up-regulated and that of Bcl-2 was downregulated when HGFs were cultured with the eluates of these two materials. There was no difference in cell viability, apoptosis, and inflammation between them. Hence, the fabrication method did not affect the biological properties of modified PEEK, the press and CAD/CAM milled modified PEEK all presented favorable cytocompatibility despite the expression of apoptosis-associated genes at the mRNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Mingjun Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Yu Pan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Honglei Lin
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Lei Jiang
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
| | - Hui Cheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University.,Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University
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Cassari L, Zamuner A, Messina GML, Marsotto M, Chen H, Gonnella G, Coward T, Battocchio C, Huang J, Iucci G, Marletta G, Di Silvio L, Dettin M. Bioactive PEEK: Surface Enrichment of Vitronectin-Derived Adhesive Peptides. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020246. [PMID: 36830615 PMCID: PMC9953662 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a thermoplastic polymer that has been recently employed for bone tissue engineering as a result of its biocompatibility and mechanical properties being comparable to human bone. PEEK, however, is a bio-inert material and, when implanted, does not interact with the host tissues, resulting in poor integration. In this work, the surfaces of 3D-printed PEEK disks were functionalized with: (i) an adhesive peptide reproducing [351-359] h-Vitronectin sequence (HVP) and (ii) HVP retro-inverted dimer (D2HVP), that combines the bioactivity of the native sequence (HVP) with the stability toward proteolytic degradation. Both sequences were designed to be anchored to the polymer surface through specific covalent bonds via oxime chemistry. All functionalized PEEK samples were characterized by Water Contact Angle (WCA) measurements, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to confirm the peptide enrichment. The biological results showed that both peptides were able to increase cell proliferation at 3 and 21 days. D2HVP functionalized PEEK resulted in an enhanced proliferation across all time points investigated with higher calcium deposition and more elongated cell morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Cassari
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Annj Zamuner
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Grazia M. L. Messina
- Laboratory for Molecular Surface and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Marsotto
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Hongyi Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Giovanni Gonnella
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Trevor Coward
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marletta
- Laboratory for Molecular Surface and Nanotechnology (LAMSUN), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania and CSGI, Viale A. Doria, 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Lucy Di Silvio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Monica Dettin
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-8275553
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PEEK for Oral Applications: Recent Advances in Mechanical and Adhesive Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020386. [PMID: 36679266 PMCID: PMC9864167 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a thermoplastic material widely used in engineering applications due to its good biomechanical properties and high temperature stability. Compared to traditional metal and ceramic dental materials, PEEK dental implants exhibit less stress shielding, thus better matching the mechanical properties of bone. As a promising medical material, PEEK can be used as implant abutments, removable and fixed prostheses, and maxillofacial prostheses. It can be blended with materials such as fibers and ceramics to improve its mechanical strength for better clinical dental applications. Compared to conventional pressed and CAD/CAM milling fabrication, 3D-printed PEEK exhibits excellent flexural and tensile strength and parameters such as printing temperature and speed can affect its mechanical properties. However, the bioinert nature of PEEK can make adhesive bonding difficult. The bond strength can be improved by roughening or introducing functional groups on the PEEK surface by sandblasting, acid etching, plasma treatment, laser treatment, and adhesive systems. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research progress on the mechanical properties of PEEK for dental applications in the context of specific applications, composites, and their preparation processes. In addition, the research on the adhesive properties of PEEK over the past few years is highlighted. Thus, this review aims to build a conceptual and practical toolkit for the study of the mechanical and adhesive properties of PEEK materials. More importantly, it provides a rationale and a general new basis for the application of PEEK in the dental field.
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Demirci F, Bahce E. The effects of HAp coating layer on mechanical and optical properties at bonding interface of high-performance polymers. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 137:105539. [PMID: 36343522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effect of hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating layer on mechanical and optical properties at bonding interface of high-performance polymers (HPPs) used in computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacture (CAM) technology was investigated in this in vitro study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred-twenty specimens were divided into two material groups (n = 110): polyetheretherketone (PEEK, KERA® starPEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK, Pekkton® ivory). For mechanical testing, each group was divided into five surface pretreatment subgroups and a control group (n = 10): HAp coating (1%,3%, 5%, and 10% concentrations) and sandblasting with 110-μm Al2O3 particles. For optical testing, each group was divided into five subgroups (n = 10): HAp coating (1%, 3%, 5%, and 10% concentrations) and control. The effects of the HAp coating on the optical changes and shear bond strength (SBS) of the specimens were investigated. Data was statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. Failure modes and surface properties of the specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and coupled electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). RESULTS Average translucency and color change values increased with increasing HAp coating concentration in HPPs. As a result of the data, statistically significant differences were observed in terms of the effect of the HAp coating on SBS of HPPs (p < 0.05). Failure modes were examined, and mixed failure mode was observed. CONCLUSION HAp coating can contribute to the improvement of both the optical properties and bond strength of the HPPs to resin composite. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Adhesion and color problems of high performance polymers are still under discussion. In order to solve these problems, generally focused on surface modifications of these polymers, but the effect of the HAp coating has not been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Demirci
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, 44280, Turkey
| | - Erkan Bahce
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
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45
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Ma T, Zhang J, Sun S, Meng W, Zhang Y, Wu J. Current treatment methods to improve the bioactivity and bonding strength of PEEK for dental application: A systematic review. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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46
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Biomaterials and Clinical Applications of Customized Healing Abutment-A Narrative Review. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040291. [PMID: 36547551 PMCID: PMC9781385 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Customized healing abutments have been introduced in clinical practice along with implant surgery to preserve or create natural-appearing hard and soft tissue around the implant. This provides the benefits of reducing the overall treatment time by eliminating the second stage and reducing the elapsed time of the fabrication of the final prostheses. This article aims to review the types and properties of materials used for the fabrication of customized healing abutments and their clinical applications. Articles published in English on customized healing abutments were searched in Google Scholar, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and the Scopus databases up to August 2022. The relevant articles were selected and included in this literature review. Customized healing abutments can be fabricated from materials available for dental implants, including PEEK, PMMA, zirconia, resin composite, and titanium. All the materials can be used following both immediate and delayed implant placement. Each material provides different mechanical and biological properties that influence the peri-implant tissues. In conclusion, the studies have demonstrated promising outcomes for all the materials. However, further investigation comparing the effects of each material on peri-implant soft and hard tissues is required.
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47
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Adhesion concepts and techniques for laboratory-processed indirect dental restorations. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:661-668. [PMID: 36570573 PMCID: PMC9767842 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2022.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to analyze the existing literature on surface conditioning of the veneering surface of substructure restorative materials in dental laboratories. New technologies are constantly improving the treatment options for fabricating dental restorations, and new materials and adhesion procedures are being offered to clinicians and dental technologists. To establish a reliable adhesion between the veneer and substructure in the dental laboratory, various surface treatment procedures and adhesion promoters are employed. The composition of a material influences the adhesion approach selected, and implementing a reliable adhesion strategy is critical for the predictability of veneered indirect dental restorations. However, surface treatment of a wide range of available material options can be challenging. Therefore, understanding various adhesion processes for different restorative materials may assist dental technologists in selecting the best and appropriate surface conditioning protocol for each dental restorative material category.
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48
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Afritha NA, Sharanya, Moses J. 3-D Printed space maintainers - A review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDODONTIC REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.56501/intjpedorehab.v7i2.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the idea of a digital workflow is not new in dentistry, it has just recently started to be applied in pediatric dentistry. Fabrication of space maintainer is a time-consuming procedure that needs constant communication with the laboratory to be receive and provide patients the best outcomes. These devices maintain space created by premature tooth loss so that the erupting permanent teeth will not experience any kind of malocclusion As a result of clinician's natural curiosity 3-D printed space maintainer have been developed. The advanced CAD/CAM technology used for fabricating digital space maintainers improves patient experience and compliance. The current paper provides an insight on available conventional space maintainers and various aspects of technologically advanced digitainers.
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49
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Polyetheretherketone/
Nano‐Ag‐TiO
2
composite with mechanical properties and antibacterial activity. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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50
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de Matos JDM, Lopes GDRS, Queiroz DA, Pereira ALJ, Sinhoreti MAC, Ramos NDC, Lino V, de Oliveira FR, Borges ALS, Bottino MA. Influence of the Peek Abutments on Mechanical Behavior of the Internal Connections Single Implant. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8133. [PMID: 36431619 PMCID: PMC9696524 DOI: 10.3390/ma15228133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of PEEK abutments with different heights on single titanium implants. To investigate the implant surface, different tests (scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray, and X-ray diffraction) were adopted. Herein, 20 implants received the 4.5 × 4.0 mm PEEK short abutment (SA) and 20 received the 4.5 × 5.5 mm PEEK long abutment (LA). The abutments were installed using dual-cure resin cement. To determine the fatigue test, two specimens from each group were submitted to the single load fracture test. For this, the samples were submitted to a compressive load of (0.5 mm/min; 30°) in a universal testing machine. For the fatigue test, the samples received 2,000,000 cycles (2 Hz; 30°). The number of cycles and the load test was analyzed by the reliability software SPSS statistics using Kaplan-Meier and Mantel-Cox tests (log-rank) (p < 0.05). The maximum load showed no statistically significant differences (p = 0.189) for the SA group (64.1 kgf) and the LA group (56.5 kgf). The study groups were statistically different regarding the number of cycles (p = 0.022) and fracture strength (p = 0.001). PEEK abutments can be indicated with caution for implant-supported rehabilitation and may be suitable as temporary rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson David Melo de Matos
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Center for Dental Biomaterials, University of Florida (UF Health), Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
- Department of Biomaterials, Dental Materials, and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme da Rocha Scalzer Lopes
- Department of Biomaterials, Dental Materials, and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Daher Antonio Queiroz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - André Luiz Jesus Pereira
- Plasmas and Processes Laboratory, Physics Departament, Aeronautics Technological Institute (ITA), 50 Marechal Eduardo Gomes Square, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Division, Piracicaba Dental School (FOP-UNICAMP), Piracicaba 13416-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Nathália de Carvalho Ramos
- Department of Biomaterials, Dental Materials, and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade São Francisco (USF), Bragança Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, University of Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté 12080-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Lino
- Department of Biomaterials, Dental Materials, and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Flavio Rosa de Oliveira
- Department of Biomaterials, Dental Materials, and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
- Department of Biomaterials, Dental Materials, and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Bottino
- Department of Biomaterials, Dental Materials, and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos 12228-900, SP, Brazil
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