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Hillari L, Frank P, Cadar D. Systemic inflammation, lifestyle behaviours and dementia: A 10-year follow-up investigation. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 38:100776. [PMID: 38706574 PMCID: PMC11068506 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Lifestyle behaviours have been linked to dementia incidence, but their cumulative impact on dementia and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated the association of co-occurring lifestyle behaviours with dementia incidence and the mediating role of systemic inflammation in this association. Methods The sample comprised 3131 participants (55.2% female) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing aged 52-92 years at baseline (2008/09). Self-reported baseline lifestyle behaviours (alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking, physical activity, sleep duration, social engagement, and cognitive activity) were summed to derive an index of lifestyle behaviours, ranging from 0 to 7, with higher scores denoting a higher number of health-risk behaviours. Incident dementia cases (n = 130, 4.2%) were identified through doctor-diagnosed dementia, informant interviews, and health records between 2014/15 and 2018/19. Systemic inflammation was measured through fasting plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein in 2012/13. Results Binary logistic regression models indicated that the odds of subsequent dementia increased by 1.19 for each additional health-risk behaviour (95% confidence intervals: 1.04, 1.37, p = 0.014) after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, wealth, education, marital status, body mass index, coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and depression. However, this association was not mediated by C-reactive protein. Conclusions Co-occurring health-risk behaviours were associated with higher dementia incidence up to 10 years later, underscoring the importance of modifying health-risk behaviours for the prevention of dementia. Systemic inflammation did not explain the association between behaviours and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Hillari
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Philipp Frank
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- UCL Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dorina Cadar
- Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Dementia Studies, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
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Lee DH, Lee GM, Park HB. Factors associated with long head of the biceps tendon tear severity and predictive insights for grade II tears in rotator cuff surgery. Clin Shoulder Elb 2024; 27:149-159. [PMID: 38738324 PMCID: PMC11181059 DOI: 10.5397/cise.2023.01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In rotator cuff repair, the long head of the biceps tendon (LHB) is commonly used as graft material. However, factors influencing LHB tear severity are poorly understood, and predicting grade II LHB tears is challenging. This study aimed to identify these factors preoperatively. METHODS The demographics, medical parameters, and pain severity of 750 patients who underwent arthroscopic surgery from January 2010 to February 2021 were evaluated to determine the factors associated with LHB tear severity and grade II tears. Both overall and largeto-massive rotator cuff tear (RCT) cohorts underwent ordinal and binary logistic regression analyses. Predictive accuracy for grade II LHB tears was determined using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS In the overall cohort, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) >1 mg/L (P<0.001), subscapularis tear (P<0.001), hypothyroidism (P=0.031), and the tangent sign (P=0.003) were significantly associated with LHB tear severity, and hs-CRP>1 mg/L, subscapularis tear, and Patte retraction degree were significantly associated with grade II LHB tears (P<0.001). In the large-to-massive RCT cohort, hs-CRP>1 mg/L, hypertension, and age ≥50 years (P<0.05) were significantly associated with LHB tear severity, and hs-CRP>1 mg/L (P<0.001) and hypertension (P=0.026) were significantly associated with grade II LHB tears. In both cohorts, hs-CRP >1 mg/L demonstrated good predictive accuracy for grade II LHB tears (AUCs: 0.72 and 0.70). CONCLUSIONS Serum hs-CRP >1 mg/L is associated with LHB tear severity and serves as a reliable predictor of grade II LHB tears, facilitating preoperative assessment of the LHB as potential graft material in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Level of evidence: III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyun Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Gyu-Min Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
| | - Hyung Bin Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
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Allaouat S, Halonen JI, Jussila JJ, Tiittanen P, Ervasti J, Ngandu T, Mikkonen S, Yli-Tuomi T, Jousilahti P, Lanki T. Association between active commuting and low-grade inflammation: a population-based cross-sectional study. Eur J Public Health 2024; 34:292-298. [PMID: 38066664 PMCID: PMC10990550 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckad213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies suggest that physical activity lowers circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. However, little is known about the association between regular active commuting, i.e. walking or cycling to work, and CRP concentrations. This study examines whether active commuting is associated with lower CRP. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study using population-based FINRISK data from 1997, 2002, 2007 and 2012. Participants were working adults living in Finland (n = 6208; mean age = 44 years; 53.6% women). We used linear and additive models adjusted for potential confounders to analyze whether daily active commuting, defined as the time spent walking or cycling to work, was associated with lower high-sensitivity (hs-) CRP serum concentrations compared with passive commuting. RESULTS We observed that daily active commuting for 45 min or more (vs. none) was associated with lower hs-CRP [% mean difference in the main model: -16.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI) -25.6% to -7.0%), and results were robust to adjustment for leisure-time and occupational physical activity, as well as diet. Similarly, active commuting for 15-29 min daily was associated with lower hs-CRP in the main model (-7.4; 95% CI -14.1 to -0.2), but the association attenuated to null after further adjustments. In subgroup analyses, associations were only observed for women. CONCLUSIONS Active commuting for at least 45 min a day was associated with lower levels of low-grade inflammation. Promoting active modes of transport may lead not only to reduced emissions from motorized traffic but also to population-level health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Allaouat
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio and Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana I Halonen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio and Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juuso J Jussila
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio and Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Tiittanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio and Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenni Ervasti
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Santtu Mikkonen
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Yli-Tuomi
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio and Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Jousilahti
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Lanki
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio and Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Liu Y, Zhu Q, Guo G, Xie Z, Li S, Lai C, Wu Y, Wang L, Zhong S. Causal associations of genetically predicted gut microbiota and blood metabolites with inflammatory states and risk of infections: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1342653. [PMID: 38585702 PMCID: PMC10995310 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation serves as a key pathologic mediator in the progression of infections and various diseases, involving significant alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolism. This study aims to probe into the potential causal relationships between gut microbial taxa and human blood metabolites with various serum inflammatory markers (CRP, SAA1, IL-6, TNF-α, WBC, and GlycA) and the risks of seven common infections (gastrointestinal infections, dysentery, pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and lung abscess, pneumococcal pneumonia, and urinary tract infections). Methods Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed using inverse variance weighted (IVW), maximum likelihood, MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO. Results After adding other MR models and sensitivity analyses, genus Roseburia was simultaneously associated adversely with CRP (Beta IVW = -0.040) and SAA1 (Beta IVW = -0.280), and family Bifidobacteriaceae was negatively associated with both CRP (Beta IVW = -0.034) and pneumonia risk (Beta IVW = -0.391). After correction by FDR, only glutaroyl carnitine remained significantly associated with elevated CRP levels (Beta IVW = 0.112). Additionally, threonine (Beta IVW = 0.200) and 1-heptadecanoylglycerophosphocholine (Beta IVW = -0.246) were found to be significantly associated with WBC levels. Three metabolites showed similar causal effects on different inflammatory markers or infectious phenotypes, stearidonate (18:4n3) was negatively related to SAA1 and urinary tract infections, and 5-oxoproline contributed to elevated IL-6 and SAA1 levels. In addition, 7-methylguanine showed a positive correlation with dysentery and bacterial pneumonia. Conclusion This study provides novel evidence confirming the causal effects of the gut microbiome and the plasma metabolite profile on inflammation and the risk of infection. These potential molecular alterations may aid in the development of new targets for the intervention and management of disorders associated with inflammation and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjian Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Third People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gongjie Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhipeng Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Senlin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengyang Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liansheng Wang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shilong Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Ma Z, Liu D, Zhou M, Gu S, Zuo H. Plasma levels of urea cycle related amino acids in association with risk of ischemic stroke: Findings from a nested case-control study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107531. [PMID: 38101276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2023.107531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of urea cycle related amino acids in the development of ischemic stroke (IS) remains unclear. The study aimed to evaluate the association of these amino acids with IS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a case-control study nested within a cohort study in Changshu, Eastern China. A total of 321 cases and 321 controls matched by age and gender were finally included. Plasma levels of ornithine, arginine, spermidine, and proline were measured using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass-spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Odds ratios (ORs) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by conditional logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Plasma ornithine was inversely associated with risk of IS [crude OR: 0.62 (95 % CI: 0.40-0.97)]. After adjustment for body mass index, smoking, hypertension, family history of stroke, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and total cholesterol, the corresponding ORs for the highest compared to the lowest quartiles was essentially unchanged [adjusted OR: 0.62 (95 % CI: 0.39-0.99)]. The risk association remained significant after repeating the analyses by excluding the first two years of follow-up. Plasma arginine, spermidine, and proline were not associated with the risk of IS. CONCLUSION We observed that higher plasma levels of ornithine were associated with a lower risk of incident IS. Our novel findings suggest a protective role of ornithine in the pathogenesis of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Ma
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shujun Gu
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Changshu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changshu, China
| | - Hui Zuo
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Chen Z, Bai Y, Lou C, Wu B. Serum metabolome responses induced by long-term inoculation of suspended PM2.5 in chicken. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103283. [PMID: 38086244 PMCID: PMC10733702 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on body health have attracted global public attention. However, there is limited research on PM2.5 in animal houses. Numerous studies have indicated that long-term exposure to high levels of PM2.5 can cause damage to multiple systems in animals. Poultry houses are one of the primary sources of PM2.5 emissions. However, there is limited research on the effects of PM2.5 exposure on poultry organisms. This study analyzed the histopathological changes in the lung tissue of poultry under PM2.5 exposure conditions. It used the LC-MS method to analyze the alterations in the serum metabolomic profile of poultry. This study confirmed that long-term exposure to high levels of PM2.5 had significantly reduced the growth performance of poultry. Histopathological slides of the lung tissue in chickens exposed to long-term retention of PM2.5 clearly showed significant damage. Furthermore, the serum metabolome analysis revealed significant changes in the serum metabolic profile of chickens exposed to long-term PM2.5 exposure. Specifically, there were notable alterations in the Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Steroid hormone biosynthesis, and Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China
| | - Cheng Lou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528225, China.
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González-Ruíz J, A Baccarelli A, Cantu-de-Leon D, Prada D. Air Pollution and Lung Cancer: Contributions of Extracellular Vesicles as Pathogenic Mechanisms and Clinical Utility. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023; 10:478-489. [PMID: 38052753 PMCID: PMC10822800 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00421-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review addresses the pressing issue of air pollution's threat to human health, focusing on its connection to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) development. The aim is to explore the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potential pathogenic mechanisms in lung cancer, including NSCLC, induced by air pollutants. RECENT FINDINGS Recent research highlights EVs as vital mediators of intercellular communication and key contributors to cancer progression. Notably, this review emphasizes the cargo of EVs released by both cancerous and non-cancerous lung cells, shedding light on their potential role in promoting various aspects of tumor development. The review underscores the importance of comprehending the intricate interplay between air pollution, biological damage mechanisms, and EV-mediated communication during NSCLC development. Major takeaways emphasize the significance of this understanding in addressing air pollution-related lung cancer. Future research avenues are also highlighted, aiming to enhance the applicability of EVs for diagnosis and targeted therapies, ultimately mitigating the inevitable impact of air pollution on NSCLC development and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, New York City, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | - Diddier Prada
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy and the Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Health Equity Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl · (212) 241-6500, Room L2-38, New York City, NY, 10029, USA.
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Qian X, Hai W, Chen S, Zhang M, Jiang X, Tang H. Multi-omics data reveals aberrant gut microbiota-host glycerophospholipid metabolism in association with neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2282790. [PMID: 37992400 PMCID: PMC10730179 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2282790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have described the notable impact of gut microbiota on the brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) via the gut - brain axis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of gut microbiota in the development of AD are limited. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms of gut microbiota in AD by integrating multi-omics data. In this study, APP/PS1 and WT mice at nine months of age were used as study mouse model. Cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze test. The levels of Aβ plaque and neuroinflammation in the brain were detected using immunofluorescence and PET/CT. In addition, we not only used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics to explore the variation characteristics of gut microbiota and serum metabolism abundance, but also combined spatial metabolomics and transcriptomics to explore the change in the brain and identify their potential correlation. APP/PS1 mice showed significant cognitive impairment and amyloid-β deposits in the brain. The abundance of gut microbiota was significantly changed in APP/PS1 mice, including decreased Desulfoviobrio, Enterococcus, Turicibacter, and Ruminococcus and increased Pseudomonas. The integration of serum untargeted metabolomics and brain spatial metabolomics showed that glycerophospholipid metabolism was a common alteration pathway in APP/PS1 mice. Significant proliferation and activation of astrocyte and microglia were observed in APP/PS1 mice, accompanied by alterations in immune pathways. Integration analysis and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) intervention revealed potential association of gut microbiota, host glycerophospholipid metabolism, and neuroinflammation levels in APP/PS1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohang Qian
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Medical Center on Aging of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangxi Hai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyue Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xufeng Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huidong Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Medical Center on Aging of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Weiser-Fuchs MT, Maggauer E, van Poppel MNM, Csapo B, Desoye G, Köfeler HC, Groselj-Strele A, Trajanoski S, Fluhr H, Obermayer-Pietsch B, Jantscher-Krenn E. Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Maternal Serum Respond to Oral Glucose Load and Are Associated with Insulin Sensitivity. Nutrients 2023; 15:4042. [PMID: 37764825 PMCID: PMC10534497 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Pregnancy presents a challenge to maternal glucose homeostasis; suboptimal adaptations can lead to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) circulate in maternal blood in pregnancy and are altered with GDM, suggesting influence of glucose homeostasis on HMOs. We thus assessed the HMO response to glucose load during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and investigated HMO associations with glucose tolerance/insulin sensitivity in healthy pregnant women. (2) Methods: Serum of 99 women, collected at 0 h, 1 h and 2 h during a 75 g OGTT at 24-28 gestational weeks was analyzed for HMOs (2'FL, 3'SLN, LDFT, 3'SL) by HPLC; plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide were analyzed by standard biochemistry methods. (3) Results: Serum 3'SL concentrations significantly increased from fasting to 1 h after glucose load, while concentrations of the other HMOs were unaltered. Higher 3'SL at all OGTT time points was associated with a generally more diabetogenic profile, with higher hepatic insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lower insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) and higher insulin secretion (C-peptide index 1). (4) Conclusions: Rapid increase in serum 3'SL post-oral glucose load (fasted-fed transition) indicates utilization of plasma glucose, potentially for sialylation of lactose. Associations of sialylated HMOs with a more diabetogenic profile suggest sustained adaptations to impaired glucose homeostasis in pregnancy. Underlying mechanisms or potential consequences of observed HMO changes remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Therese Weiser-Fuchs
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.-T.W.-F.); (G.D.); (E.J.-K.)
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Elena Maggauer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.-T.W.-F.); (G.D.); (E.J.-K.)
| | - Mireille N. M. van Poppel
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- BioTechMed, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Bence Csapo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.-T.W.-F.); (G.D.); (E.J.-K.)
| | - Gernot Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.-T.W.-F.); (G.D.); (E.J.-K.)
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Harald C. Köfeler
- BioTechMed, 8010 Graz, Austria;
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Andrea Groselj-Strele
- Core Facility Computational Bioanalytics, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.G.-S.); (S.T.)
| | - Slave Trajanoski
- Core Facility Computational Bioanalytics, Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (A.G.-S.); (S.T.)
| | - Herbert Fluhr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.-T.W.-F.); (G.D.); (E.J.-K.)
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Evelyn Jantscher-Krenn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (M.-T.W.-F.); (G.D.); (E.J.-K.)
- Research Unit Early Life Determinants (ELiD), Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed, 8010 Graz, Austria;
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Ooi TC, Ahmad A, Rajab NF, Sharif R. The Effects of 12 Weeks Colostrum Milk Supplementation on the Expression Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators and Metabolic Changes among Older Adults: Findings from the Biomarkers and Untargeted Metabolomic Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3184. [PMID: 37513601 PMCID: PMC10384749 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a normal biological process that is accompanied with a series of deteriorations in physiological function. This study aimed to investigate the effects of bovine colostrum milk supplementation on metabolic changes and the expression of various biomarkers on inflammation, antioxidant and oxidative damage, nutrient metabolism, and genomic stability among older adults. Older adults (50-69 years old) who participated in the 12-week randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial were instructed to consume the IgCo bovine colostrum-enriched skim milk or regular skim milk (placebo) twice daily. Following 12 weeks of intervention, participants in the intervention group had lower expression levels in pro-inflammatory mediators (CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α), with significant (p < 0.05) interaction effects of the group and time observed. However, no significant interaction effect was observed in the vitamin D, telomerase, 8-OHdG, MDA, and SOD activities. UPLC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed that 22 metabolites were upregulated and 11 were downregulated in the intervention group compared to the placebo group. Glycerophospholipid metabolism, along with cysteine and methionine metabolism were identified as the potential metabolic pathways that are associated with bovine colostrum milk consumption. In conclusion, consuming bovine colostrum milk may induce metabolic changes and reduce the expression of various pro-inflammatory mediators, thus improving the immune function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theng Choon Ooi
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Azizan Ahmad
- School of Chemical Science and Food Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fadilah Rajab
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Razinah Sharif
- Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
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Fang Q, Tu Y, Fan X, Zang T, Wu N, Qiu T, Li Y, Bai J, Liu Y. Inflammatory cytokines and prenatal depression: Is there a mediating role of maternal gut microbiota? J Psychiatr Res 2023; 164:458-467. [PMID: 37437318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanism of levels of inflammatory cytokines that affects brain function and mood through gut microbiota has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of gut microbiota between maternal inflammatory cytokines levels and prenatal depression. DESIGN There were 29 women in the prenatal depression group and 27 women in the control group enrolled in this study. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score of 10 was considered the cut-off value for prenatal depression. We collected demographic information, stool and blood samples. The gut microbiota was profiled using V3-V4 gene sequence of 16S rRNA, and the concentration of inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. The mediation model was analyzed by using the model 4 in the process procedure for SPSS. RESULTS There were significance differences in the concentration of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)(Z = -2.383, P = 0.017) and IL-17A (Z = -2.439, P = 0.015) between the prenatal depression group and control group. There was no significant difference in α- diversity and β-diversity between the two groups. Intestinibacter (OR: 0.012; 95% CI, 0.001-0.195) and Escherichia_Shigella (OR: 0.103; 95% CI, 0.014-0.763) were protective factors for prenatal depression, while Tyzzerella (OR: 17.941; 95% CI, 1.764-182.445) and Unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae (OR: 22.607; 95% CI, 1.242-411.389) were risk factors. And Intestinibacter play a mediation effect between IL-17A and prenatal depression. CONCLUSION Maternal gut microbiota is a significant mediator of the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and prenatal depression. Further research is still needed in exploring the mediating mechanisms of gut microbiota between inflammatory cytokines and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbo Fang
- Center for Women's and Children's Health and Metabolism Research, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yiming Tu
- Center for Women's and Children's Health and Metabolism Research, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Center for Women's and Children's Health and Metabolism Research, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tianzi Zang
- Center for Women's and Children's Health and Metabolism Research, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ni Wu
- Center for Women's and Children's Health and Metabolism Research, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tianlai Qiu
- Center for Women's and Children's Health and Metabolism Research, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yanting Li
- Center for Women's and Children's Health and Metabolism Research, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jinbing Bai
- Emory University Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, 1520 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Center for Women's and Children's Health and Metabolism Research, Wuhan University School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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McDew-White M, Lee E, Premadasa LS, Alvarez X, Okeoma CM, Mohan M. Cannabinoids modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis in HIV/SIV infection by reducing neuroinflammation and dysbiosis while concurrently elevating endocannabinoid and indole-3-propionate levels. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:62. [PMID: 36890518 PMCID: PMC9993397 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02729-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the advent of combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) has transformed HIV into a manageable chronic disease, an estimated 30-50% of people living with HIV (PLWH) exhibit cognitive and motor deficits collectively known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). A key driver of HAND neuropathology is chronic neuroinflammation, where proinflammatory mediators produced by activated microglia and macrophages are thought to inflict neuronal injury and loss. Moreover, the dysregulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) in PLWH, consequent to gastrointestinal dysfunction and dysbiosis, can lead to neuroinflammation and persistent cognitive impairment, which underscores the need for new interventions. METHODS We performed RNA-seq and microRNA profiling in basal ganglia (BG), metabolomics (plasma) and shotgun metagenomic sequencing (colon contents) in uninfected and SIV-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) administered vehicle (VEH/SIV) or delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (THC/SIV). RESULTS Long-term, low-dose THC reduced neuroinflammation and dysbiosis and significantly increased plasma endocannabinoid, endocannabinoid-like, glycerophospholipid and indole-3-propionate levels in chronically SIV-infected RMs. Chronic THC potently blocked the upregulation of genes associated with type-I interferon responses (NLRC5, CCL2, CXCL10, IRF1, IRF7, STAT2, BST2), excitotoxicity (SLC7A11), and enhanced protein expression of WFS1 (endoplasmic reticulum stress) and CRYM (oxidative stress) in BG. Additionally, THC successfully countered miR-142-3p-mediated suppression of WFS1 protein expression via a cannabinoid receptor-1-mediated mechanism in HCN2 neuronal cells. Most importantly, THC significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Clostridia including indole-3-propionate (C. botulinum, C. paraputrificum, and C. cadaveris) and butyrate (C. butyricum, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum) producers in colonic contents. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the potential of long-term, low-dose THC to positively modulate the MGBA by reducing neuroinflammation, enhancing endocannabinoid levels and promoting the growth of gut bacterial species that produce neuroprotective metabolites, like indole-3-propionate. The findings from this study may benefit not only PLWH on cART, but also those with no access to cART and more importantly, those who fail to suppress the virus under cART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina McDew-White
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 West Military Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78227-5302, USA
| | - Eunhee Lee
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 West Military Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78227-5302, USA
| | - Lakmini S Premadasa
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 West Military Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78227-5302, USA
| | - Xavier Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 West Military Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78227-5302, USA
| | - Chioma M Okeoma
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, 10595-1524, USA
| | - Mahesh Mohan
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, 8715 West Military Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78227-5302, USA.
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Replication and mediation of the association between the metabolome and clinical markers of metabolic health in an adolescent cohort study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3296. [PMID: 36841863 PMCID: PMC9968318 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30231-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics-derived metabolites (henceforth metabolites) may mediate the relationship between modifiable risk factors and clinical biomarkers of metabolic health (henceforth clinical biomarkers). We set out to study the associations of metabolites with clinical biomarkers and a potential mediation effect in a population of young adults. First, we conducted a systematic literature review searching for metabolites associated with 11 clinical biomarkers (inflammation markers, glucose, blood pressure or blood lipids). Second, we replicated the identified associations in a study population of n = 218 (88 males and 130 females, average age of 18 years) participants of the DONALD Study. Sex-stratified linear regression models adjusted for age and BMI and corrected for multiple testing were calculated. Third, we investigated our previously reported metabolites associated with anthropometric and dietary factors mediators in sex-stratified causal mediation analysis. For all steps, both urine and blood metabolites were considered. We found 41 metabolites in the literature associated with clinical biomarkers meeting our inclusion criteria. We were able to replicate an inverse association of betaine with CRP in women, between body mass index and C-reactive protein (CRP) and between body fat and leptin. There was no evidence of mediation by lifestyle-related metabolites after correction for multiple testing. We were only able to partially replicate previous findings in our age group and did not find evidence of mediation. The complex interactions between lifestyle factors, the metabolome, and clinical biomarkers warrant further investigation.
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The Landscape of Lipid Metabolism in Lung Cancer: The Role of Structural Profiling. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051736. [PMID: 36902523 PMCID: PMC10002589 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between lipids with different structural features and lung cancer (LC) risk and identify prospective biomarkers of LC. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to screen for differential lipids, and two machine learning methods were used to define combined lipid biomarkers. A lipid score (LS) based on lipid biomarkers was calculated, and a mediation analysis was performed. A total of 605 lipid species spanning 20 individual lipid classes were identified in the plasma lipidome. Higher carbon atoms with dihydroceramide (DCER), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and phosphoinositols (PI) presented a significant negative correlation with LC. Point estimates revealed the inverse associated with LC for the n-3 PUFA score. Ten lipids were identified as markers with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.947 (95%, CI: 0.879-0.989). In this study, we summarized the potential relationship between lipid molecules with different structural features and LC risk, identified a panel of LC biomarkers, and demonstrated that the n-3 PUFA of the acyl chain of lipids was a protective factor for LC.
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Chu K, Cadar D, Iob E, Frank P. Excess body weight and specific types of depressive symptoms: Is there a mediating role of systemic low-grade inflammation? Brain Behav Immun 2023; 108:233-244. [PMID: 36462595 PMCID: PMC10567582 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is associated with an increased risk of depression. Systemic low-grade inflammation, a plausible consequence of obesity, has also been linked to depression. However, the potential mediating effects of systemic low-grade inflammation on the association between excess body weight and specific symptom domains of depression remain uncertain. This study examined whether systemic low-grade inflammation mediated the associations of excess body weight (overweight and obesity) with subsequent overall, cognitive-affective, and somatic depressive symptoms. DESIGN This study used a prospective cohort design. METHODS The final analytical sample included 4,942 adults aged ≥50 years drawn from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Body mass index (BMI) and covariates were ascertained at baseline (wave 4, 2008/09). Continuous BMI scores were divided into four categories: 'normal weight' (18.5 ≤ BMI <25 kg/m2); 'overweight' (25 ≤ BMI <30 kg/m2); 'obesity' (BMI ≥30 kg/m2); in addition to 'excess body weight' ('overweight' and 'obesity' combined). Covariates included sociodemographic variables, behavioural factors, and chronic physical conditions. Serum concentrations of CRP were measured at wave 6 (2012/13). Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline and ten years later (wave 9, 2018/19), using the 8-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Two symptom domains were constructed, distinguishing between cognitive-affective (depressed mood, loneliness, sadness, enjoyment in life, and happiness) and somatic (sleep problems, low energy levels, and fatigue) symptoms. Mediation analyses were performed to examine whether CRP statistically mediated the associations between BMI categories and depressive symptoms. RESULTS In multivariable-adjusted analyses, excess body weight was associated with elevated somatic (OR = 1.231, 95% CI: 1.029, 1.473), but not cognitive-affective or overall depressive symptoms at follow-up. Higher CRP was associated with elevated somatic (OR = 1.156, 95% CI: 1.061, 1.259), but not cognitive-affective or overall depressive symptoms. CRP acted as a partial mediator (14.92%) of the association between excess body weight and elevated somatic, but not cognitive-affective, or overall depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Systemic low-grade inflammation may partially explain the association of excess body weight with somatic depressive symptoms, but not the associations with cognitive-affective or overall depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqin Chu
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Dorina Cadar
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK; Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, East Sussex, UK.
| | - Eleonora Iob
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry (SGDP) Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Philipp Frank
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK.
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Jiao J, Yong T, Huang L, Chen S, Xiao C, Wu Q, Hu H, Xie Y, Li X, Liu Y, Cai M, Zhang R, Xie T, Liu R. A Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide F31 alleviates hyperglycemia through kidney protection and adipocyte apoptosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1178-1191. [PMID: 36442553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we reported an excellent hypoglycemic effect of a Ganoderma lucidium polysaccharide F31 with efficacies between 45 and 54 %, approaching to that of liraglutide (52 %). Significantly, F31 reduced the body weight gains and food intakes. F31 decreased 4 key compounds, consisting of adenosine, adenosine, galactitol and glycerophosphocholine and elevated 8 key compounds, including arginine, proline, arachidonic acid, creatine, aspartic acid, leucine, phenylalanine and ornithine, which protected kidney function. Also, apoptosis was promoted by F31 in epididymal fat through increasing Caspase-3, Caspase-6 and Bax and decreasing Bcl-2. On 3 T3-L1 preadipocyte cells, F31 induced early apoptosis through reducing mitochondrial membrane potential. Finally, a molecular docking was performed to reveal a plausible cross-talk between kidney and epididymal fat through glycerophosphorylcholine-Bax axis. Overall, F31 alleviated hyperglycemia through kidney protection and adipocyte apoptosis in db/db mice. This work may provide novel insights into the hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Jiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Tianqiao Yong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Longhua Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Shaodan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Chun Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Huiping Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yizhen Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yuancao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Manjun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ruifang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ting Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Rongjie Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
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A Metabolomics-Based Investigation of the Effects of a Short-Term Body Weight Reduction Program in a Cohort of Adolescents with Obesity: A Prospective Interventional Clinical Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030529. [PMID: 36771236 PMCID: PMC9921209 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics applied to assess the response to a body weight reduction program (BWRP) may generate valuable information concerning the biochemical mechanisms/pathways underlying the BWRP-induced cardiometabolic benefits. The aim of the present study was to establish the BWRP-induced changes in the metabolomic profile that characterizes the obese condition. In particular, a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) targeted metabolomic approach was used to determine a total of 188 endogenous metabolites in the plasma samples of a cohort of 42 adolescents with obesity (female/male = 32/10; age = 15.94 ± 1.33 year; body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) = 2.96 ± 0.46) who underwent a 3-week BWRP, including hypocaloric diet, physical exercise, nutritional education, and psychological support. The BWRP was capable of significantly improving body composition (e.g., BMI SDS, p < 0.0001), glucometabolic homeostasis (e.g., glucose, p < 0.0001), and cardiovascular function (e.g., diastolic blood pressure, p = 0.016). A total of 64 metabolites were significantly reduced after the intervention (at least p < 0.05), including 53 glycerophospholipids (23 PCs ae, 21 PCs aa, and 9 lysoPCs), 7 amino acids (tyrosine, phenylalanine, arginine, citrulline, tryptophan, glutamic acid, and leucine), the biogenic amine kynurenine, 2 sphingomyelins, and (free) carnitine (C0). On the contrary, three metabolites were significantly increased after the intervention (at least p < 0.05)-in particular, glutamine, trans-4-hydroxyproline, and the octadecenoyl-carnitine (C18:1). In conclusion, when administered to adolescents with obesity, a short-term BWRP is capable of changing the metabolomic profile in the plasma.
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Zhang W, Zheng J, Zhang J, Li N, Yang X, Fang ZZ, Zhang Q. Associations of serum amino acids related to urea cycle with risk of chronic kidney disease in Chinese with type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1117308. [PMID: 36936143 PMCID: PMC10018121 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1117308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serum levels of amino acids related to urea cycle are associated with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our study aimed to explore whether serum levels of amino acids related to urea cycle, i.e., arginine, citrulline, and ornithine, are also associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in T2DM. METHODS We extracted medical records of 1032 consecutive patients with T2DM from the Electronic Administrative System of Liaoning Medical University First Affiliated Hospital (LMUFAH) system from May 2015 to August 2016. Of them, 855 patients with completed data available were used in the analysis. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Serum amino acids were measured by mass spectrometry (MS) technology. Binary logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS 52.3% of the 855 T2DM patients were male, and 143 had CKD. In univariable analysis, high serum citrulline, high ratio of arginine to ornithine, and low ratio of ornithine to citrulline were associated with markedly increased risk of CKD (OR of top vs. bottom tertile: 2.87, 95%CI, 1.79-4.62 & 1.98, 95%CI,1.25-3.14 & 2.56, 95%CI, 1.61-4.07, respectively). In multivariable analysis, the ORs of citrulline and ornithine/citrulline ratio for CKD remained significant (OR of top vs. bottom tertile: 2.22, 95%CI, 1.29-3.82 & 2.24, 1.29-3.87, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In Chinese patients with T2DM, high citrulline and low ornithine/citrulline ratio were associated with increased risk of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jikun Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ninghua Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong-Ze Fang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Zhang, ; Zhong-Ze Fang,
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Zhang, ; Zhong-Ze Fang,
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Zizmare L, Mehling R, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Lonati C, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Pichler BJ, Kneilling M, Trautwein C. Acute and chronic inflammation alter immunometabolism in a cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR) mouse model. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1250. [PMID: 36380134 PMCID: PMC9666528 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell-driven immune responses are responsible for several autoimmune disorders, such as psoriasis vulgaris and rheumatoid arthritis. Identification of metabolic signatures in inflamed tissues is needed to facilitate novel and individualised therapeutic developments. Here we show the temporal metabolic dynamics of T-cell-driven inflammation characterised by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based metabolomics, histopathology and immunohistochemistry in acute and chronic cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction (DTHR). During acute DTHR, an increase in glutathione and glutathione disulfide is consistent with the ear swelling response and degree of neutrophilic infiltration, while taurine and ascorbate dominate the chronic phase, suggesting a switch in redox metabolism. Lowered amino acids, an increase in cell membrane repair-related metabolites and infiltration of T cells and macrophages further characterise chronic DTHR. Acute and chronic cutaneous DTHR can be distinguished by characteristic metabolic patterns associated with individual inflammatory pathways providing knowledge that will aid target discovery of specialised therapeutics. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based tissue metabolomics is used to define detailed temporal signatures of acute and chronic inflammation in cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction.
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Tossetta G, Fantone S, Gesuita R, Di Renzo GC, Meyyazhagan A, Tersigni C, Scambia G, Di Simone N, Marzioni D. HtrA1 in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Possible Biomarker? Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2705. [PMID: 36359548 PMCID: PMC9689498 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high-temperature requirement A 1 (HtrA1) is a multidomain secretory protein with serine-protease activity, expressed in many tissues, including placenta, where its expression is higher in the first trimester, suggesting an association of this serine protease in early phases of human placenta development. In this study, we evaluated maternal serum HtrA1 levels in the first and third trimester of gestation. In particular, we evaluated a possible role of HtrA1 as an early marker of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the first trimester of gestation. METHODS We evaluated HtrA1 serum levels in the third trimester (36-40 weeks) in normal pregnancies (n = 20) and GDM pregnancies (n = 20) by using ELISA analysis. Secondly, we performed the same analysis by using the first trimester sera (10-12 weeks) of healthy pregnant women that will develop a normal pregnancy (n = 210) or GDM (n = 28) during pregnancy. RESULTS We found that HtrA1 serum levels in the third trimester were higher in pregnancies complicated by GDM. Interestingly, higher HtrA1 serum levels were also found in the first trimester in women developing GDM later during the second-third trimester. No significant differences in terms of maternal age and gestational age were found between cases and controls. Women with GDM shown significantly higher pre-pregnancy BMI values compared to controls. Moreover, the probability of GDM occurrence significantly increased with increasing HtrA1 levels and BMI values. The ROC curve showed a good accuracy in predicting GDM, with an AUC of 0.74 (95%CI: 0.64-0.92). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest an important role of HtrA1 as an early predictive marker of GDM in the first trimester of gestation, showing a significative clinical relevance for prevention of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Rosaria Gesuita
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gian Carlo Di Renzo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, IE Sechenov First State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Wayne State University Medical School and Perinatal Research Branch, NIH-NICHD, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Arun Meyyazhagan
- Wayne State University Medical School and Perinatal Research Branch, NIH-NICHD, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Chiara Tersigni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Istituto di Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Di Simone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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21
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Chen C, Lu Z, Wang X, Zhang J, Zhang D, Li S. The chain mediating role of C-reactive protein and triglyceride-glucose index between lung function and cognitive function in a systemic low-grade inflammation state. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 155:380-386. [PMID: 36182767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined whether serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) explained the association between lung function and subsequent cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults with a systemic low-grade inflammation state. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The sample consisted of 1, 742 participants recruited from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). METHODS Lung function and covariates were measured at baseline (wave 4, 2008/09). Serum CRP level and TyG were examined at a four-year follow-up (wave 6, 2012/13). Cognitive function was assessed at eight years post baseline (wave 8, 2016/17) in the main interview. The mediation was initially assessed using multivariate linear regression models. Indirect effects were assessed using the structural equation modeling and the bootstrap method. RESULTS We observed that serum CRP level and TyG significantly mediated the relationships between lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)) and cognitive function (immediate recall and delay recall). Moreover, serum CRP level mediated the association between lung function (FEV1 and FVC) and TyG. Our finding also suggested that FEV1 (1.19% mediated) and FVC (1.72% mediated) might influence cognitive function partly through the chain mediating role of both serum CRP level and TyG. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The present study revealed that serum CRP level and TyG play a chain mediating role in the relationship between lung function at baseline and subsequent cognitive impairment in a nationally representative cohort of middle-aged and older adults with a systemic low-grade inflammation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, China
| | - Zhonghai Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, China
| | - Jiesong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, China
| | - Suyun Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, China.
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22
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Tso JV, Liu C, Turner CG, Uppal K, Prabakaran G, Ejaz K, Baggish AL, Jones DP, Quyyumi AA, Kim JH. Metabolic Alterations Differentiating Cardiovascular Maladaptation from Athletic Training in American-Style Football Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1617-1624. [PMID: 35617604 PMCID: PMC9481654 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolomics identifies molecular products produced in response to numerous stimuli, including both adaptive (includes exercise training) and disease processes. We analyzed a longitudinal cohort of American-style football (ASF) athletes, who reliably acquire maladaptive cardiovascular (CV) phenotypes during competitive training, with high-resolution metabolomics to determine whether metabolomics can discriminate exercise-induced CV adaptations from early CV pathology. METHODS Matched discovery ( n = 42) and validation ( n = 40) multicenter cohorts of collegiate freshman ASF athletes were studied with longitudinal echocardiography, applanation tonometry, and high-resolution metabolomics. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identified metabolites that changed ( P < 0.05, false discovery rate <0.2) over the season. Metabolites demonstrating similar changes in both cohorts were further analyzed in linear and mixed-effects models to identify those associated with left ventricular mass, tissue-Doppler myocardial E ' velocity (diastolic function), and arterial function (pulse wave velocity). RESULTS In both cohorts, 20 common metabolites changed similarly across the season. Metabolites reflective of favorable CV health included an increase in arginine and decreases in hypoxanthine and saturated fatty acids (heptadecanoate, arachidic acid, stearate, and hydroxydecanoate). In contrast, metabolic perturbations of increased lysine and pipecolate, reflective of adverse CV health, were also observed. Adjusting for player position, race, height, and changes in systolic blood pressure, weight, and pulse wave velocity, increased lysine ( β = 0.018, P = 0.02) and pipecolate ( β = 0.018, P = 0.02) were associated with increased left ventricular mass index. In addition, increased lysine ( β = -0.049, P = 0.01) and pipecolate ( β = -0.052, P = 0.008) were also associated with lower E ' (reduced diastolic function). CONCLUSIONS ASF athletes seem to develop metabolomic changes reflective of both favorable CV health and early CV maladaptive phenotypes. Whether metabolomics can discriminate early pathologic CV transformations among athletes is a warranted future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason V. Tso
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Chang Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Casey G. Turner
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Karan Uppal
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ganesh Prabakaran
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kiran Ejaz
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Aaron L. Baggish
- Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston MA
| | - Dean P. Jones
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Arshed A. Quyyumi
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jonathan H. Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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23
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Sahin M, Oguz A, Tüzün D, Işiktaş O, Işiktaş S, Ülgen C, Şahin H, Gul K. A new marker predicting gestational diabetes mellitus: First trimester neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30514. [PMID: 36086702 PMCID: PMC10980480 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that is very common during pregnancy and has negative consequences for both mother and fetus. Insulin resistance has been shown as an important cause in the pathogenesis of GDM and low-level inflammation is suggested to be one of the underlying causes of insulin resistance. We aimed to investigate whether the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which is an indicator of systemic inflammation, is a predictor for GDM. A total of 228 pregnant women, including 128 GDM (patient group) and 100 healthy pregnant were included in the study. GDM was diagnosed with a 1-step approach between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy. We found a significant increase in NLR in the 1st and 3rd trimesters in the GDM group compared to healthy pregnant women, which supports that systemic inflammation starts in the early stages of pregnancy and continues throughout pregnancy. We also reported a positive correlation between NLR and fasting plasma glucose and body mass index in both trimesters. We showed that first trimester NLR independently predicted the development of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Sahin
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Ayten Oguz
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Division, Biruni University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Tüzün
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Okay Işiktaş
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Songül Işiktaş
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Cansu Ülgen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Hatice Şahin
- Department of Pulmonology, Kahramanmras Necip Fazil State Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Kamile Gul
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Liv Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
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24
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Higher Plasma Fibrinogen Level at Admission Is Associated with Post-Stroke Depression at Discharge. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12081032. [PMID: 36009095 PMCID: PMC9405685 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12081032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication of stroke, which seriously affects the functional outcome of patients. Systemic low-grade inflammation associated with PSD has been shown to occur at several months to years, however, whether these inflammatory markers predicted PSD at an acute stage of stroke is controversial. Method: A total of 625 patients with acute ischemic stroke (219 female, 35.40%) were included in this study. PSD was diagnosed using the 17-item Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) at 7 days following discharge (7−14 days after stroke onset). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to build a prediction model for PSD at discharge. Discrimination and calibration of the model were assessed by C-index, calibration plot. Internal validation was conducted using bootstrapping validation. Results: At discharge of hospitalization, 95 patients (15.20%) were diagnosed with PSD. Multivariable logistic regression suggested that female gender (OR = 2.043, 95% CI = 1.287−3.245, p = 0.002), baseline NIHSS (OR = 1.108, 95% CI = 1.055−1.165, p < 0.001) and fibrinogen (OR = 1.388, 95% CI = 1.129−1.706, p = 0.002) were independent predictors for PSD at discharge. The cut-off of the fibrinogen plasma level was 3.08 g/L. These predictors were included in the nomogram. The model displayed good discrimination, with a C-index of 0.730 (95% CI = 0.683−0.777) and good calibration. Conclusion: Female gender, baseline stroke severity and a higher level of fibrinogen were independently associated with PSD at discharge. A nomogram based on these three predictors can be used to provide an individual, visual prediction of the risk probability of PSD.
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25
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Yu Y, Lu Q, Chen F, Wang S, Niu C, Liao J, Wang H, Chen F. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis of the mechanisms of evodiamine on type 2 diabetes mellitus model rats. Food Funct 2022; 13:6623-6635. [PMID: 35635367 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04396j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Evodiamine (EVO) is an alkaloid extracted from Evodia rutaecarpa and has various pharmacological activities, including hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, and antitumor effects. However, the therapeutic effects of EVO on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the possible mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we used a T2DM rat model using a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) injections followed by treatment with EVO. First, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of EVO on T2DM rats, following which we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of EVO on T2DM rats. Finally, we analyzed the metabolic regulatory mechanism of EVO in T2DM rats using an untargeted metabolomics approach. The results showed that EVO treatment alleviated the hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance (IR), and pathological changes of the liver, pancreas and kidneys in T2DM rats. Moreover, EVO treatment ameliorated the oxidative stress and decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in T2DM model rats. Serum untargeted metabolomics analysis indicated that the EVO treatment affected the levels of 26 metabolites, such as methionine, citric acid, cholesterol, taurocholic acid, pilocarpine, adrenic acid, and other metabolites. These metabolites were mainly related to the amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism pathways. In conclusion, EVO can reduce blood glucose and improve oxidative stress and inflammatory response in T2DM rats. These functions are related to the regulation of amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejie Yu
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Qinyan Lu
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Feng Chen
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Shangli Wang
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Chunxiang Niu
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Jiabao Liao
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Hongwu Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Fengjuan Chen
- Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing 314001, China.
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26
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Association of Preoperative Basal Inflammatory State, Measured by Plasma suPAR Levels, with Intraoperative Sublingual Microvascular Perfusion in Patients Undergoing Major Non-Cardiac Surgery. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11123326. [PMID: 35743397 PMCID: PMC9225100 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11123326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It remains unknown whether chronic systemic inflammation is associated with impaired microvascular perfusion during surgery. We evaluated the association between the preoperative basal inflammatory state, measured by plasma soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels, and intraoperative sublingual microcirculatory variables in patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery. Plasma suPAR levels were determined in 100 non-cardiac surgery patients using the suPARnostic® quick triage lateral flow assay. We assessed sublingual microcirculation before surgical incision and every 30 min during surgery using Sidestream Darkfield (SDF+) imaging and determined the De Backer score, the Consensus Proportion of Perfused Vessels (Consensus PPV), and the Consensus PPV (small). Elevated suPAR levels were associated with lower intraoperative De Backer score, Consensus PPV, and Consensus PPV (small). For each ng mL−1 increase in suPAR, De Backer score, Consensus PPV, and Consensus PPV (small) decreased by 0.7 mm−1, 2.5%, and 2.8%, respectively, compared to baseline. In contrast, CRP was not significantly correlated with De Backer score (r = −0.034, p = 0.36), Consensus PPV (r = −0.014, p = 0.72) or Consensus PPV Small (r = −0.037, p = 0.32). Postoperative De Backer score did not change significantly from baseline (5.95 ± 3.21 vs. 5.89 ± 3.36, p = 0.404), while postoperative Consensus PPV (83.49 ± 11.5 vs. 81.15 ± 11.8, p < 0.001) and Consensus PPV (small) (80.87 ± 13.4 vs. 78.72 ± 13, p < 0.001) decreased significantly from baseline. In conclusion, elevated preoperative suPAR levels were associated with intraoperative impairment of sublingual microvascular perfusion in patients undergoing elective major non-cardiac surgery.
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27
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Longitudinal associations of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with maternal urinary metabolites: an NYU CHES study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:1332-1340. [PMID: 35411100 PMCID: PMC9581342 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-022-01116-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) and pre-pregnancy obesity affect a significant portion of the US pregnant population and are linked with negative maternal and child health outcomes. The objective of this study was to explore associations of pre-pregnancy body mass index (pBMI) and GWG with longitudinally measured maternal urinary metabolites throughout pregnancy. Subjects/Methods: Among 652 participants in the New York University Children’s Health and Environment Study, a longitudinal pregnancy cohort, targeted metabolomics were measured in serially collected urine samples throughout pregnancy. Metabolites were measured at median 10 (T1), 21 (T2), and 29 (T3) weeks gestation using the Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ® p180 Urine Extension kit. Acylcarnitine, amino acid, biogenic amine, phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingolipid, and sugar levels were quantified. Pregnant people 18 years or older, without type 1 or 2 diabetes and with singleton live births and valid pBMI and metabolomics data were included. GWG and pBMI were calculated using weight and height data obtained from electronic health records. Linear mixed effects models with interactions with time were fit to determine the gestational age-specific associations of categorical pBMI and continuous interval-specific GWG with urinary metabolites. All analyses were corrected for false discovery rate. Results: Participants with obesity had lower long-chain acylcarnitine levels throughout pregnancy and lower phosphatidylcholine and glucogenic amino acids and higher phenylethylamine concentrations in T2 and T3 compared with participants with normal/underweight pBMI. GWG was associated with taurine in T2 and T3 and C5 acylcarnitine species, C5:1, C5-DC, and C5-M-DC, in T2. Conclusions: pBMI and GWG were associated with the metabolic environment of pregnant individuals, particularly in relation to mid-pregnancy. These results highlight the importance of both preconception and prenatal maternal health.
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28
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Zhu Q, Wu Y, Mai J, Guo G, Meng J, Fang X, Chen X, Liu C, Zhong S. Comprehensive Metabolic Profiling of Inflammation Indicated Key Roles of Glycerophospholipid and Arginine Metabolism in Coronary Artery Disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:829425. [PMID: 35371012 PMCID: PMC8965586 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.829425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic immune inflammation is a key mediator in the progression of coronary artery disease (CAD), concerning various metabolic and lipid changes. In this study, the relationship between the inflammatory index and metabolic profile in patients with CAD was investigated to provide deep insights into metabolic disturbances related to inflammation. Methods Widely targeted plasma metabolomic and lipidomic profiling was performed in 1,234 patients with CAD. Laboratory circulating inflammatory markers were mainly used to define general systemic immune and low-grade inflammatory states. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression was adopted to assess the associations between 860 metabolites and 7 inflammatory markers. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic-based classifiers and multivariable logistic regression were applied to identify biomarkers of inflammatory states and develop models for discriminating an advanced inflammatory state. Results Multiple metabolites and lipid species were linearly associated with the seven inflammatory markers [false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05]. LASSO and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analysis identified significant associations between 45 metabolites and systemic immune-inflammation index, 46 metabolites and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio states, 32 metabolites and low-grade inflammation score, and 26 metabolites and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein states (P < 0.05). Glycerophospholipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism were determined as key altered metabolic pathways for systemic immune and low-grade inflammatory states. Predictive models based solely on metabolite combinations showed feasibility (area under the curve: 0.81 to 0.88) for discriminating the four parameters that represent inflammatory states and were successfully validated using a validation cohort. The inflammation-associated metabolite, namely, β-pseudouridine, was related to carotid and coronary arteriosclerosis indicators (P < 0.05). Conclusions This study provides further information on the relationship between plasma metabolite profiles and inflammatory states represented by various inflammatory markers in CAD. These metabolic markers provide potential insights into pathological changes during CAD progression and may aid in the development of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonglin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxia Mai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gongjie Guo
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxiu Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianhong Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shilong Zhong
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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29
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Preliminary Report on Intestinal Flora Disorder, Faecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Level Decline and Intestinal Mucosal Tissue Weakening Caused by Litchi Extract to Induce Systemic Inflammation in HFA Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040776. [PMID: 35215426 PMCID: PMC8874556 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain foods are known as “heating” foods in Chinese medicine. Over-consumption of these foods can lead to symptoms known as “heating up”. These symptoms have been shown to be symptoms of systemic low-grade inflammation. However, the mechanism by which these foods cause inflammation is not clear. In this preliminary study, we investigated dysbacteriosis of the gut microbiota as a possible cause of inflammation by litchi, a typical “heating” food. A human flora-associated (HFA) mouse model (donor: n = 1) was constructed. After gavaging the mice with litchi extract suspension at low, medium and high doses (400, 800, 1600 mg/kg·d−1, respectively) (n = 3) for 7 days, the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, gut microbiota, the concentration of SCFAs and the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier were measured. The results revealed significant increases in the abundance of Prevotella and Bacteroides. A significant increase in the abundance of Bilophila and a decrease in Megasomonas was observed in the high-dose group. High-dose litchi intervention led to a decrease of most SCFA levels in the intestine. It also caused a more than two-fold increase in the serum TNF-α level and LPS level but a decrease in the IL-1β and IL-6 levels. Medium- and high-dose litchi intervention caused widening of the intestinal epithelial cell junction complex and general weakening of the intestinal mucosal barrier as well as reduced energy conversion efficiency of the gut microbiota. These data suggest that litchi, when consumed excessively, can lead to a low degree of systematic inflammation and this is linked to its ability to cause dysbacteriosis of the gut microbiota, decrease SCFAs and weaken the intestinal mucosal tissues.
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30
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Systemic low-grade inflammation and depressive symptomology at chronic phase of ischemic stroke: The chain mediating role of fibrinogen and neutrophil counts. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 100:332-341. [PMID: 34728390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-stroke depression (PSD) is the most common psychological consequence of stroke. Increased inflammatory markers resulting from ischemic stroke may played an important role in the pathogenesis of depressive symptomology. The present study was conducted to further elucidate the relationship between stroke severity, systemic low-grade inflammation and chronic phase post-stroke depressive symptomology (CP-PSDS). METHODS A total of 897 stroke patients were consecutively recruited in this multicenter prospective cohort study and followed up for 1 year. The analytical sample consisted of 436 patients with ischemic stroke (23.4% female, median age = 57 years) from this cohort. Serum concentrations of inflammatory markers were measured in all 436 patients with ischemic stroke, from fasting morning venous blood samples on admission. Stroke severity was evaluated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on admission and post-stroke depressive symptomology (PSDS) was evaluated by 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD). RESULTS In the fully adjusted models, we observed that 1) NIHSS (Model 2: β = 0.200, 95%CI, 0.057 ∼ 0.332), fibrinogen (Model 2: β = 0.828, 95%CI, 0.269 ∼ 1.435), white blood cell counts (WBC, model 2: β = 0.354, 95%CI, 0.122 ∼ 0.577) and neutrophil counts (Model 2: β = 0.401, 95%CI, 0.126 ∼ 0.655) can independently predict the CP-PSDS after ischemic stroke onset; 2) fibrinogen (Indirect effect = 0.027, 95%CI, 0.007 ∼ 0.063, 13.4% mediated), WBC (Indirect effect = 0.024, 95%CI, 0.005 ∼ 0.058, 11.8% mediated) and neutrophil counts (Indirect effect = 0.030, 95%CI, 0.006 ∼ 0.069, 14.8% mediated) could partially mediate the association between stroke severity and CP-PSDS, and 3) stroke severity might cause CP-PSDS partly through the chain-mediating role of both fibrinogen and neutrophil counts (chain mediated effect = 0.003, 95%CI, 0.000 ∼ 0.011, p = 0.025, 1.6% mediated). CONCLUSIONS Findings revealed that fibrinogen, WBC and neutrophil counts may be independent predictors of CP-PSDS and partial mediators of the relationship between stroke severity and CP-PSDS among patients with ischemic stroke. In addition, the chain mediating effect of fibrinogen and neutrophil counts might play an important role in the occurrence of CP-PSDS. However, no inflammatory markers were associated with CP-PSDS in females.
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Setoyama D, Lee HY, Moon JS, Tian J, Kang YE, Lee JH, Shong M, Kang D, Yi H. Immunometabolic signatures predict recovery from thyrotoxic myopathy in patients with Graves' disease. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:355-367. [PMID: 34970859 PMCID: PMC8818593 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormone excess induces protein energy wasting, which in turn promotes muscle weakness and bone loss in patients with Graves' disease. Although most studies have confirmed a relationship between thyrotoxicosis and muscle dysfunction, few have measured changes in plasma metabolites and immune cells during the development and recovery from thyrotoxic myopathy. The aim of this study was to identify specific plasma metabolites and T-cell subsets that predict thyrotoxic myopathy recovery in patients with Graves' disease. METHODS One hundred patients (mean age, 40.0 ± 14.2 years; 67.0% female), with newly diagnosed or relapsed Graves' disease were enrolled at the start of methimazole treatment. Handgrip strength and Five Times Sit to Stand Test performance time were measured at Weeks 0, 12, and 24. In an additional 35 patients (mean age, 38.9 ± 13.5 years; 65.7% female), plasma metabolites and immunophenotypes of peripheral blood were evaluated at Weeks 0 and 12, and the results of a short physical performance battery assessment were recorded at the same time. RESULTS In both patient groups, methimazole-induced euthyroidism was associated with improved handgrip strength and lower limb muscle function at 12 weeks. Elevated plasma metabolites including acylcarnitines were restored to normal levels at Week 12 regardless of gender, body mass index, or age (P trend <0.01). Senescent CD8+ CD28- CD57+ T-cell levels in peripheral blood were positively correlated with acylcarnitine levels (P < 0.05) and decreased during thyrotoxicosis recovery (P < 0.05). High levels of senescent CD8+ T cells at Week 0 were significantly associated with small increases in handgrip strength after 12 weeks of methimazole treatment (P < 0.05), but not statistically associated with Five Times Sit to Stand Test performance. CONCLUSIONS Restoring euthyroidism in Graves' disease patients was associated with improved skeletal muscle function and performance, while thyroid hormone-associated changes in plasma acylcarnitines levels correlated with muscle dysfunction recovery. T-cell senescence-related systemic inflammation correlated with plasma acylcarnitine levels and was also associated with small increases in handgrip strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Setoyama
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
| | - Ho Yeop Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ji Sun Moon
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory MedicineKyushu University HospitalFukuokaJapan
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Hyon‐Seung Yi
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University HospitalChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonKorea
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Cao P, Huang B, Hong M, Jiang Y, Cao R, Chi C, Cao Y, Li S. Association of amino acids related to urea cycle with risk of diabetic nephropathy in two independent cross-sectional studies of Chinese adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:983747. [PMID: 36157443 PMCID: PMC9492834 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.983747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between amino acids related to the urea cycle and diabetic nephropathy (DN) in two independent cross-sectional studies. METHODS We obtained the medical records of 145 individuals with DN and 596 individuals without DN who attended an annual health examination at Liaoning Medical University First Affiliated Hospital (LMUFAH), China, from May 2015 to August 2016. From April 2018 to April 2019, we collected medical records of another 741 individuals: 338 individuals with DN and 403 individuals without DN from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (DALIAN), China. Binary logistic regression was used to obtain the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS In two independent cross-sectional studies, we observed that citrulline was consistently associated with DN risk [OR (95% CI) of per standard deviation (SD) increase for citrulline in the LMUFAH population: 1.200 (1.006, 1.432); OR (95% CI) of per SD increase for citrulline in the DALIAN population: 1.189 (1.012, 1.396); pooled effect size for citrulline: 1.194 (1.060, 1.345)]. However, ornithine, arginine, and the ratio of arginine to ornithine were consistently unrelated to DN risk, and the ratios of other amino acids in the urea cycle were inconsistently associated with DN risk. CONCLUSIONS Citrulline was consistently associated with DN risk in two independent cross-sectional studies in Chinese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penglong Cao
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bing Huang
- Research Department, Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
- Research Department, Clinical Mass Spectrometry Profession Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou, China
- Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Mo Hong
- Research Department, Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
- Research Department, Clinical Mass Spectrometry Profession Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou, China
- Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- Research Department, Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
- Research Department, Clinical Mass Spectrometry Profession Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou, China
- Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Ran Cao
- Research Department, Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
- Research Department, Clinical Mass Spectrometry Profession Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou, China
- Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Chen Chi
- Research Department, Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
- Research Department, Clinical Mass Spectrometry Profession Technology Innovation Center of Liaoning Province, Jinzhou, China
- Dalian Innovation Center of Laboratory Medicine Mass Spectrometry Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yunfeng Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfeng Cao, ; Shijun Li,
| | - Shijun Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfeng Cao, ; Shijun Li,
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Gallegos-Cabriales EC, Rodriguez-Ayala E, Laviada-Molina HA, Nava-Gonzalez EJ, Salinas-Osornio RA, Orozco L, Leal-Berumen I, Castillo-Pineda JC, Gonzalez-Lopez L, Escudero-Lourdes C, Cornejo-Barrera J, Escalante-Araiza F, Huerta-Avila EE, Buenfil-Rello FA, Peschard VG, Silva E, Veloz-Garza RA, Martinez-Hernandez A, Barajas-Olmos FM, Molina-Segui F, Gonzalez-Ramirez L, Arjona-Villicaña RD, Hernandez-Escalante VM, Gaytan-Saucedo JF, Vaquera Z, Acebo-Martinez M, Murillo-Ramirez A, Diaz-Tena SP, Figueroa-Nuñez B, Valencia-Rendon ME, Garzon-Zamora R, Viveros-Paredes JM, Valdovinos-Chavez SB, Comuzzie AG, Haack K, Thorsell AA, Han X, Cole SA, Bastarrachea RA. Replication of Integrative Data Analysis for Adipose Tissue Dysfunction, Low-Grade Inflammation, Postprandial Responses and OMICs Signatures in Symptom-Free Adults. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1342. [PMID: 34943258 PMCID: PMC8698545 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported preliminary characterization of adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction through the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR) and fasting/postprandial (F/P) gene expression in subcutaneous (SQ) adipose tissue (AT) biopsies obtained from participants in the GEMM study, a precision medicine research project. Here we present integrative data replication of previous findings from an increased number of GEMM symptom-free (SF) adults (N = 124) to improve characterization of early biomarkers for cardiovascular (CV)/immunometabolic risk in SF adults with AT dysfunction. We achieved this goal by taking advantage of the rich set of GEMM F/P 5 h time course data and three tissue samples collected at the same time and frequency on each adult participant (F/P blood, biopsies of SQAT and skeletal muscle (SKM)). We classified them with the presence/absence of AT dysfunction: low (<1) or high (>1) ALR. We also examined the presence of metabolically healthy (MH)/unhealthy (MUH) individuals through low-grade chronic subclinical inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)), whole body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda Index) and Metabolic Syndrome criteria in people with/without AT dysfunction. Molecular data directly measured from three tissues in a subset of participants allowed fine-scale multi-OMIC profiling of individual postprandial responses (RNA-seq in SKM and SQAT, miRNA from plasma exosomes and shotgun lipidomics in blood). Dynamic postprandial immunometabolic molecular endophenotypes were obtained to move towards a personalized, patient-defined medicine. This study offers an example of integrative translational research, which applies bench-to-bedside research to clinical medicine. Our F/P study design has the potential to characterize CV/immunometabolic early risk detection in support of precision medicine and discovery in SF individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther C. Gallegos-Cabriales
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (E.C.G.-C.); (R.A.V.-G.); (S.B.V.-C.)
| | - Ernesto Rodriguez-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Lomas Anahuac 52786, Mexico; (E.R.-A.); (F.E.-A.); (V.-G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Hugo A. Laviada-Molina
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | | | - Rocío A. Salinas-Osornio
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Irene Leal-Berumen
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico;
| | - Juan Carlos Castillo-Pineda
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia 58170, Mexico; (J.C.C.-P.); (A.M.-R.); (S.P.D.-T.)
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Lopez
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Claudia Escudero-Lourdes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 78240, Mexico; (C.E.-L.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Judith Cornejo-Barrera
- Departamento de Enseñanza, Postgrado e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria 87150, Mexico;
| | - Fabiola Escalante-Araiza
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Lomas Anahuac 52786, Mexico; (E.R.-A.); (F.E.-A.); (V.-G.P.); (E.S.)
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Eira E. Huerta-Avila
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Fatima A. Buenfil-Rello
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Vanessa-Giselle Peschard
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Lomas Anahuac 52786, Mexico; (E.R.-A.); (F.E.-A.); (V.-G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Eliud Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, Lomas Anahuac 52786, Mexico; (E.R.-A.); (F.E.-A.); (V.-G.P.); (E.S.)
| | - Rosa A. Veloz-Garza
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (E.C.G.-C.); (R.A.V.-G.); (S.B.V.-C.)
| | - Angelica Martinez-Hernandez
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Francisco M. Barajas-Olmos
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, SS, Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico; (L.O.); (E.E.H.-A.); (A.M.-H.); (F.M.B.-O.)
| | - Fernanda Molina-Segui
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | - Lucia Gonzalez-Ramirez
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | - Ruy D. Arjona-Villicaña
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | - Victor M. Hernandez-Escalante
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Mérida 97300, Mexico; (H.A.L.-M.); (F.M.-S.); (L.G.-R.); (R.D.A.-V.); (V.M.H.-E.)
| | - Janeth F. Gaytan-Saucedo
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Zoila Vaquera
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Monica Acebo-Martinez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosi 78240, Mexico; (C.E.-L.); (M.A.-M.)
| | - Areli Murillo-Ramirez
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia 58170, Mexico; (J.C.C.-P.); (A.M.-R.); (S.P.D.-T.)
| | - Sara P. Diaz-Tena
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia 58170, Mexico; (J.C.C.-P.); (A.M.-R.); (S.P.D.-T.)
| | - Benigno Figueroa-Nuñez
- Clínica de Enfermedades Crónicas y Procedimientos Especiales (CECYPE), Morelia 58249, Mexico;
| | - Melesio E. Valencia-Rendon
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Rafael Garzon-Zamora
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Juan Manuel Viveros-Paredes
- Departamento de Nutrición, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan 45050, Mexico; (R.A.S.-O.); (L.G.-L.); (M.E.V.-R.); (R.G.-Z.); (J.M.V.-P.)
| | - Salvador B. Valdovinos-Chavez
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey 64460, Mexico; (E.C.G.-C.); (R.A.V.-G.); (S.B.V.-C.)
| | | | - Karin Haack
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | | | - Xianlin Han
- Department of Medicine, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Shelley A. Cole
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
| | - Raul A. Bastarrachea
- Population Health Program, Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227-0549, USA; (F.A.B.-R.); (J.F.G.-S.); (Z.V.); (K.H.); (S.A.C.)
- Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, USA;
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Urinary Metabolic Markers of Bladder Cancer: A Reflection of the Tumor or the Response of the Body? Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110756. [PMID: 34822414 PMCID: PMC8621503 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This work will review the metabolic information that various studies have obtained in recent years on bladder cancer, with particular attention to discovering biomarkers in urine for the diagnosis and prognosis of this disease. In principle, they would be capable of complementing cystoscopy, an invasive but nowadays irreplaceable technique or, in the best case, of replacing it. We will evaluate the degree of reproducibility that the different experiments have shown in the indication of biomarkers, and a synthesis will be attempted to obtain a consensus list that is more likely to become a guideline for clinical practice. In further analysis, we will inquire into the origin of these dysregulated metabolites in patients with bladder cancer. For this purpose, it will be helpful to compare the imbalances measured in urine with those known inside tumor cells or tissues. Although the urine analysis is sometimes considered a liquid biopsy because of its direct contact with the tumor in the bladder wall, it contains metabolites from all organs and tissues of the body, and the tumor is separated from urine by the most impermeable barrier found in mammals. The distinction between the specific and systemic responses can help understand the disease and its consequences in more depth.
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Gusev E, Solomatina L, Zhuravleva Y, Sarapultsev A. The Pathogenesis of End-Stage Renal Disease from the Standpoint of the Theory of General Pathological Processes of Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111453. [PMID: 34768884 PMCID: PMC8584056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease can progress to end-stage chronic renal disease (ESRD), which requires the use of replacement therapy (dialysis or kidney transplant) in life-threatening conditions. In ESRD, irreversible changes in the kidneys are associated with systemic changes of proinflammatory nature and dysfunctions of internal organs, skeletal muscles, and integumentary tissues. The common components of ESRD pathogenesis, regardless of the initial nosology, are (1) local (in the kidneys) and systemic chronic low-grade inflammation (ChLGI) as a risk factor for diabetic kidney disease and its progression to ESRD, (2) inflammation of the classical type characteristic of primary and secondary autoimmune glomerulonephritis and infectious recurrent pyelonephritis, as well as immune reactions in kidney allograft rejection, and (3) chronic systemic inflammation (ChSI), pathogenetically characterized by latent microcirculatory disorders and manifestations of paracoagulation. The development of ChSI is closely associated with programmed hemodialysis in ESRD, as well as with the systemic autoimmune process. Consideration of ESRD pathogenesis from the standpoint of the theory of general pathological processes opens up the scope not only for particular but also for universal approaches to conducting pathogenetic therapies and diagnosing and predicting systemic complications in severe nephropathies.
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Kuleš J, Rubić I, Beer Ljubić B, Bilić P, Barić Rafaj R, Brkljačić M, Burchmore R, Eckersall D, Mrljak V. Combined Untargeted and Targeted Metabolomics Approaches Reveal Urinary Changes of Amino Acids and Energy Metabolism in Canine Babesiosis With Different Levels of Kidney Function. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:715701. [PMID: 34603243 PMCID: PMC8484968 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.715701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease with a worldwide distribution, caused by the haemoprotozoan parasites of the genus Babesia. One of the most prevalent complication is acute kidney injury, and an early diagnosis of altered kidney function remains a challenge for veterinary practice. The aim of this study was to assess the urine metabolic profile from dogs with babesiosis and different degree of kidney function using untargeted and targeted MS-based metabolomics approaches. In this study, 22 dogs naturally infected with Babesia canis and 12 healthy dogs were included. Untargeted metabolomics approach identified 601 features with a differential abundance between the healthy group and groups of dogs with babesiosis and different level of kidney function, with 27 of them identified as a match to known standards; while targeted approach identified 17 metabolites with significantly different concentrations between the groups. A pattern of significantly altered metabolites referring to the inflammatory host response, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism modulation in babesiosis was presented. Our findings have demonstrated that kidney dysfunction accompanying canine babesiosis was associated with changes in amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and biochemical pathways such as urea cycle and ammonia detoxication. These findings will enable the inclusion of urinary markers for the detection and monitoring of renal damage in babesiosis, as well as in other similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Kuleš
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Rubić
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blanka Beer Ljubić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Bilić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Barić Rafaj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirna Brkljačić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Richard Burchmore
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - David Eckersall
- College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Park S, Kang S. Association between Polygenetic Risk Scores of Low Immunity and Interactions between These Scores and Moderate Fat Intake in a Large Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:2849. [PMID: 34445011 PMCID: PMC8402209 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
White blood cell (WBC) counts represent overall immunity. However, a few studies have been conducted to explore the genetic impacts of immunity and their interaction with lifestyles. We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with a low-WBC risk and document interactions between polygenetic risk scores (PRS), lifestyle factors, and nutrient intakes that influence low-WBC risk in a large hospital-based cohort. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected by genome-wide association study of participants with a low-WBC count (<4 × 109/L, n = 4176; low-WBC group) or with a normal WBC count (≥4 × 109/L, n = 36,551; control group). The best model for gene-gene interactions was selected by generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction. PRS was generated by summing selected SNP risk alleles of the best genetic model. Adjusted odds ratio (ORs) of the low-WBC group were 1.467 (1.219-1.765) for cancer incidence risk and 0.458 (0.385-0.545) for metabolic syndrome risk. Vitamin D intake, plant-based diet, and regular exercise were positively related to the low-WBC group, but smoking and alcohol intake showed an inverse association. The 7 SNPs included in the best genetic model were PSMD3_rs9898547, LCT_rs80157389, HLA-DRB1_rs532162239 and rs3097649, HLA-C rs2308575, CDKN1A_rs3176337 and THRA_rs7502539. PRS with 7 SNP model were positively associated with the low-WBC risk by 2.123-fold (1.741 to 2.589). PRS interacted with fat intake and regular exercise but not with other nutrient intakes or lifestyles. The proportion with the low WBC in the participants with high-PRS was lower among those with moderate-fat intake and regular exercise than those with low-fat intake and no exercise. In conclusion, adults with high-PRS had a higher risk of a low WBC count, and they needed to be advised to have moderate fat intake (20-25 energy percent) and regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunmin Park
- Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea;
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea
| | - Suna Kang
- Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea;
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Walz S, Wang Q, Zhao X, Hoene M, Häring HU, Hennenlotter J, Maas M, Peter A, Todenhöfer T, Stenzl A, Liu X, Lehmann R, Xu G. Comparison of the metabolome in urine prior and eight weeks after radical prostatectomy uncovers pathologic and molecular features of prostate cancer. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 205:114288. [PMID: 34371449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is associated with cellular metabolism alterations leading to changes of the metabolome. So far, studies investigating these alterations mainly focused on comparisons of metabolite profiles of PCa patients and healthy controls. In the present study we compared for the first time metabolite profiles in a significant number of paired urine samples collected before and eight weeks after radical prostatectomy (rPX) in 34 patients with PCa. Our comprehensive non-targeted liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric metabolomics approach covered > 3000 metabolite ion masses. We annotated 23 metabolites showing significant changes eight weeks after rPX. While the levels of uridine and six acylcarnitines in urine were increased before surgery, lower levels were detected for 16 metabolites, like e.g. citrate, phenyl-lactic acid, choline, myo-inositol, emphasizing a relevant pathophysiological role of these biomarkers and the associated metabolic pathways. These results have important implications for potential use of metabolome analyses for detection of prostate cancer and related pathologic and molecular features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Walz
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Qingqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Miriam Hoene
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Häring
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hennenlotter
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Maas
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Peter
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany; Core Facility DZD Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Department for Molecular Diabetology, Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tilman Todenhöfer
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany; Studienpraxis Urologie, Clinical Trial Unit, Nürtingen, Germany
| | - Arnulf Stenzl
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Xinyu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Rainer Lehmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany; Core Facility DZD Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Department for Molecular Diabetology, Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Guowang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Dalian, 116023, China.
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Gusev E, Sarapultsev A, Hu D, Chereshnev V. Problems of Pathogenesis and Pathogenetic Therapy of COVID-19 from the Perspective of the General Theory of Pathological Systems (General Pathological Processes). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7582. [PMID: 34299201 PMCID: PMC8304657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic examines not only the state of actual health care but also the state of fundamental medicine in various countries. Pro-inflammatory processes extend far beyond the classical concepts of inflammation. They manifest themselves in a variety of ways, beginning with extreme physiology, then allostasis at low-grade inflammation, and finally the shockogenic phenomenon of "inflammatory systemic microcirculation". The pathogenetic core of critical situations, including COVID-19, is this phenomenon. Microcirculatory abnormalities, on the other hand, lie at the heart of a specific type of general pathological process known as systemic inflammation (SI). Systemic inflammatory response, cytokine release, cytokine storm, and thrombo-inflammatory syndrome are all terms that refer to different aspects of SI. As a result, the metabolic syndrome model does not adequately reflect the pathophysiology of persistent low-grade systemic inflammation (ChSLGI). Diseases associated with ChSLGI, on the other hand, are risk factors for a severe COVID-19 course. The review examines the role of hypoxia, metabolic dysfunction, scavenger receptors, and pattern-recognition receptors, as well as the processes of the hemophagocytic syndrome, in the systemic alteration and development of SI in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Gusev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.G.); (V.C.)
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Desheng Hu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 200092, China;
| | - Valeriy Chereshnev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (E.G.); (V.C.)
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Peach JT, Wilson SM, Gunderson LD, Frothingham L, Tran T, Walk ST, Yeoman CJ, Bothner B, Miles MP. Temporal metabolic response yields a dynamic biosignature of inflammation. iScience 2021; 24:102817. [PMID: 34355150 PMCID: PMC8319798 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation is a subclinical condition directly and indirectly linked to the development of a wide range of diseases responsible for the vast majority of morbidity. To examine mechanisms coupled to chronic disease, a group of overweight and obese human subjects without known inflammatory diseases participated in a high-fat meal challenge as an acute inflammation stimulus. Analysis of serum metabolites grouped by baseline cytokine levels revealed that single samples had little power in differentiating groups. However, an analysis that incorporated temporal response separated inflammatory response phenotypes and allowed us to create a metabolic signature of inflammation which revealed metabolic components that are crucial to a cytokine-mediated inflammation response. The use of temporal response, rather than a single time point, improved metabolomic prediction of high postprandial inflammation responses and led to the development of a dynamic biosignature as a potential tool for stratifying risk to a wide range of diseases. Dynamic responses often provide insight into disease pathology Temporal metabolic responses to acute inflammation were explored in obese people Temporal metabolite levels differentiated low, mid, and high inflammation groups Inflammation-linked metabolites were shown to be predictors of cytokine responses
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse T Peach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Stephanie M Wilson
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Logan D Gunderson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Lizzi Frothingham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Tan Tran
- Department of Math, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Seth T Walk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Carl J Yeoman
- Department of Range and Animal Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
| | - Mary P Miles
- Department of Health and Human Development, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA
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From bedside to bench-practical considerations to avoid pre-analytical pitfalls and assess sample quality for high-resolution metabolomics and lipidomics analyses of body fluids. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5567-5585. [PMID: 34159398 PMCID: PMC8410705 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The stability of lipids and other metabolites in human body fluids ranges from very stable over several days to very unstable within minutes after sample collection. Since the high-resolution analytics of metabolomics and lipidomics approaches comprise all these compounds, the handling of body fluid samples, and thus the pre-analytical phase, is of utmost importance to obtain valid profiling data. This phase consists of two parts, sample collection in the hospital (“bedside”) and sample processing in the laboratory (“bench”). For sample quality, the apparently simple steps in the hospital are much more critical than the “bench” side handling, where (bio)analytical chemists focus on highly standardized processing for high-resolution analysis under well-controlled conditions. This review discusses the most critical pre-analytical steps for sample quality from patient preparation; collection of body fluids (blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid) to sample handling, transport, and storage in freezers; and subsequent thawing using current literature, as well as own investigations and practical experiences in the hospital. Furthermore, it provides guidance for (bio)analytical chemists to detect and prevent potential pre-analytical pitfalls at the “bedside,” and how to assess the quality of already collected body fluid samples. A knowledge base is provided allowing one to decide whether or not the sample quality is acceptable for its intended use in distinct profiling approaches and to select the most suitable samples for high-resolution metabolomics and lipidomics investigations.
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Newman TM, Shively CA, Register TC, Appt SE, Yadav H, Colwell RR, Fanelli B, Dadlani M, Graubics K, Nguyen UT, Ramamoorthy S, Uberseder B, Clear KYJ, Wilson AS, Reeves KD, Chappell MC, Tooze JA, Cook KL. Diet, obesity, and the gut microbiome as determinants modulating metabolic outcomes in a non-human primate model. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:100. [PMID: 33952353 PMCID: PMC8101030 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to increase understanding of the complex interactions between diet, obesity, and the gut microbiome of adult female non-human primates (NHPs). Subjects consumed either a Western (n=15) or Mediterranean (n=14) diet designed to represent human dietary patterns for 31 months. Body composition was determined using CT, fecal samples were collected, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed. Gut microbiome results were grouped by diet and adiposity. RESULTS Diet was the main contributor to gut microbiome bacterial diversity. Adiposity within each diet was associated with subtle shifts in the proportional abundance of several taxa. Mediterranean diet-fed NHPs with lower body fat had a greater proportion of Lactobacillus animalis than their higher body fat counterparts. Higher body fat Western diet-fed NHPs had more Ruminococcus champaneliensis and less Bacteroides uniformis than their low body fat counterparts. Western diet-fed NHPs had significantly higher levels of Prevotella copri than Mediterranean diet NHPs. Western diet-fed subjects were stratified by P. copri abundance (P. copriHIGH versus P. copriLOW), which was not associated with adiposity. Overall, Western diet-fed animals in the P. copriHIGH group showed greater proportional abundance of B. ovatus, B. faecis, P. stercorea, P. brevis, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii than those in the Western P. copriLOW group. Western diet P. copriLOW subjects had a greater proportion of Eubacterium siraeum. E. siraeum negatively correlated with P. copri proportional abundance regardless of dietary consumption. In the Western diet group, Shannon diversity was significantly higher in P. copriLOW when compared to P. copriHIGH subjects. Furthermore, gut E. siraeum abundance positively correlated with HDL plasma cholesterol indicating that those in the P. copriLOW population may represent a more metabolically healthy population. Untargeted metabolomics on urine and plasma from Western diet-fed P. copriHIGH and P. copriLOW subjects suggest early kidney dysfunction in Western diet-fed P. copriHIGH subjects. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the data indicate diet to be the major influencer of gut bacterial diversity. However, diet and adiposity must be considered together when analyzing changes in abundance of specific bacterial taxa. Interestingly, P. copri appears to mediate metabolic dysfunction in Western diet-fed NHPs. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany M Newman
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Carol A Shively
- Department of Pathology, Section of Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Thomas C Register
- Department of Pathology, Section of Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Susan E Appt
- Department of Pathology, Section of Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Hariom Yadav
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, USF Center for Microbiome Research University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Beth Uberseder
- Department of Pathology, Section of Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kenysha Y J Clear
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Adam S Wilson
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Kimberly D Reeves
- Department of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Mark C Chappell
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Janet A Tooze
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Katherine L Cook
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, 575 N. Patterson Ave, Suite 340, Winston-Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
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Fredslund SO, Buus NH, Højgaard Skjold C, Laugesen E, Jensen AB, Laursen BE. Changes in vascular function during breast cancer treatment. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 87:4230-4240. [PMID: 33769580 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Niels Henrik Buus
- Department of Biomedicine, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 3, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Esben Laugesen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Britt Elmedal Laursen
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 3, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Molecular Medicine (MOMA), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Shen T, Wang J, Yang W, Li L, Qiao Y, Yan X, Chen M, Tang X, Zou J, Zhao Y. Hematological Parameters Characteristics in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Obesity. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:1015-1023. [PMID: 33737842 PMCID: PMC7961133 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s297341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the possible correlation between obesity and hematological parameters in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods A total of 460 children was initially included in our study, which were divided into children with OSA and children without OSA. Multiple analysis was performed for obesity by adjusting confounding factors such as age and gender in 460 children. Further, to minimize the influence of confounding factors and selective bias, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed in children with OSA. Hematological parameters such as inflammatory and coagulable parameters were compared between the normal weight children with OSA and the obese children with OSA following PSM. Results OSA (OR = 3.061; P<0.001; 95% CI, 1.772–5.288) represented an independent risk factor for obesity. Besides, the obese children with OSA had higher levels of white blood cell (WBC) (P<0.001), neutrophil (NEUT) (P<0.001), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (P=0.006), fibrinogen (FIB) (P=0.033), while had a lower level of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (P=0.048). No significant differences were observed in other hematological parameters. In linear regression, the results indicated that the levels of WBC (R2 = 0.123, Beta = 0.289, P<0.001), NEUT (R2 = 0.124, Beta = 0.282, P<0.001), NLR (R2 = 0.105, Beta = 0.184, P=0.026) and FIB (R2 = 0.086, Beta = 0.246, P=0.003) were positively correlated with BMI, while the level of APTT (R2 = 0.057, Beta = −0.171, P=0.044) was significantly negatively correlated with BMI. Conclusion OSA was an independent risk factor contributing to obesity. WBC, NEUT, NLR, FIB and APTT are correlated with obesity in children with OSA (aged from 2 to 14 years). These indicators could be used to estimate the status of inflammation and hypercoagulation in the obese children with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linke Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Qiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Yan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangdong Tang
- Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Menzel A, Samouda H, Dohet F, Loap S, Ellulu MS, Bohn T. Common and Novel Markers for Measuring Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Ex Vivo in Research and Clinical Practice-Which to Use Regarding Disease Outcomes? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030414. [PMID: 33803155 PMCID: PMC8001241 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many chronic conditions such as cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type-2 diabetes, obesity, peripheral/coronary artery disease and auto-immune diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation. Closely related to inflammation is oxidative stress (OS), which can be either causal or secondary to inflammation. While a low level of OS is physiological, chronically increased OS is deleterious. Therefore, valid biomarkers of these signalling pathways may enable detection and following progression of OS/inflammation as well as to evaluate treatment efficacy. Such biomarkers should be stable and obtainable through non-invasive methods and their determination should be affordable and easy. The most frequently used inflammatory markers include acute-phase proteins, essentially CRP, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen and procalcitonin, and cytokines, predominantly TNFα, interleukins 1β, 6, 8, 10 and 12 and their receptors and IFNγ. Some cytokines appear to be disease-specific. Conversely, OS-being ubiquitous-and its biomarkers appear less disease or tissue-specific. These include lipid peroxidation products, e.g., F2-isoprostanes and malondialdehyde, DNA breakdown products (e.g., 8-OH-dG), protein adducts (e.g., carbonylated proteins), or antioxidant status. More novel markers include also -omics related ones, as well as non-invasive, questionnaire-based measures, such as the dietary inflammatory-index (DII), but their link to biological responses may be variable. Nevertheless, many of these markers have been clearly related to a number of diseases. However, their use in clinical practice is often limited, due to lacking analytical or clinical validation, or technical challenges. In this review, we strive to highlight frequently employed and useful markers of inflammation-related OS, including novel promising markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Menzel
- Laboratoires Réunis, 38, Rue Hiehl, L-6131 Junglinster, Luxembourg; (A.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Hanen Samouda
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
| | - Francois Dohet
- Laboratoires Réunis, 38, Rue Hiehl, L-6131 Junglinster, Luxembourg; (A.M.); (F.D.)
| | - Suva Loap
- Clinic Cryo Esthetic, 11 Rue Éblé, 75007 Paris, France;
| | - Mohammed S. Ellulu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University of Gaza (AUG), Gaza City 00970, Palestine;
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1 A-B, Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
- Correspondence:
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Porebski G, Kwitniewski M, Reshef A. Biomarkers in Hereditary Angioedema. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 60:404-415. [PMID: 33560480 PMCID: PMC8272698 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A biomarker is a defined characteristic measured as an indicator of normal, biologic, pathogenic processes, or biological responses to an exposure or intervention. Diagnostic biomarkers are used to detect a disease or a subtype of a disease; monitoring biomarkers are measured serially to assess a medical condition; response biomarkers are used to check biologic response following a medical intervention; predictive biomarkers are used to identify patients who are more likely to respond to a medical intervention; and prognostic biomarkers are used to assess the future likelihood of a clinical event. Although biomarkers have been extensively investigated and validated in many diseases and pathologies, very few are currently useful for the diagnosis, evaluation of disease activity, and treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE). Pathophysiologic pathways involved in HAE reveal a plethora of molecules from the complement, coagulation, and fibrinolysis systems or from the vascular endothelium, which may serve as biomarkers. The most promising candidates, together with their laboratory readout systems, should be evaluated with regard to their analytical and clinical validity and utility. To be highly specific, such biomarkers should be linked to the pathomechanisms of HAE, particularly the bradykinin-generating cascade. Additionally, major advances in high-throughput omics-based technologies may facilitate the discovery of new candidate biomarkers in the future. This review will cover the existing as well as future potential biomarkers that will support the diagnosis, monitor disease activity, and can be used to assess the efficacy of new avenues of therapy of HAE and other forms of angioedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Porebski
- Department of Clinical and Environmental Allergology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Kwitniewski
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Avner Reshef
- Barzilai University Medical Centre, Ashkelon, Israel
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Can Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Be a Good Model for the Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet in Humans? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9010036. [PMID: 33466327 PMCID: PMC7824757 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical, low-grade, inflammation is one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the majority of chronic and non-communicable diseases. Several methodological approaches have been applied for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of nutrition, however, their impact in human body remains uncertain, because of the fact that the majority of the studies reporting anti-inflammatory effect of dietary patterns, have been performed under laboratory settings and/or in animal models. Thus, the extrapolation of these results to humans is risky. It is therefore obvious that the development of an inflammatory model in humans, by which we could induce inflammatory responses to humans in a regulated, specific, and non-harmful way, could greatly facilitate the estimation of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in a more physiological way and mechanistically relevant way. We believe that exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) could serve as such a model, either in studies investigating the homeostatic responses of individuals under inflammatory stimuli or for the estimation of the anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, supplements, nutrients, or phytochemicals. Thus, in this review we discuss the possibility of exercise-induced muscle damage being an inflammation model suitable for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in humans.
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Jutley GS, Sahota K, Sahbudin I, Filer A, Arayssi T, Young SP, Raza K. Relationship Between Inflammation and Metabolism in Patients With Newly Presenting Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:676105. [PMID: 34650548 PMCID: PMC8507469 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.676105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with metabolic changes. We used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics to assess the relationship between an objective measure of systemic inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP)] and both the serum and urinary metabolome in patients with newly presenting RA. Methods Serum (n=126) and urine (n=83) samples were collected at initial presentation from disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug naïve RA patients for metabolomic profile assessment using 1-dimensional 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Metabolomics data were analysed using partial least square regression (PLS-R) and orthogonal projections to latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) with cross validation. Results Using PLS-R analysis, a relationship between the level of inflammation, as assessed by CRP, and the serum (p=0.001) and urinary (p<0.001) metabolome was detectable. Likewise, following categorisation of CRP into tertiles, patients in the lowest CRP tertile and the highest CRP tertile were statistically discriminated using OPLS-DA analysis of both serum (p=0.033) and urinary (p<0.001) metabolome. The most highly weighted metabolites for these models included glucose, amino acids, lactate, and citrate. These findings suggest increased glycolysis, perturbation in the citrate cycle, oxidative stress, protein catabolism and increased urea cycle activity are key characteristics of newly presenting RA patients with elevated CRP. Conclusions This study consolidates our understanding of a previously identified relationship between serum metabolite profile and inflammation and provides novel evidence that there is a relationship between urinary metabolite profile and inflammation as measured by CRP. Identification of these metabolic perturbations provides insights into the pathogenesis of RA and may help in the identification of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Singh Jutley
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kalvin Sahota
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ilfita Sahbudin
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Filer
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Research Into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre, Versus Arthritis, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephen P Young
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Karim Raza
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Institute for Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Research Into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre, Versus Arthritis, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Department of Rheumatology, Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Iturrospe E, Da Silva KM, Talavera Andújar B, Cuykx M, Boeckmans J, Vanhaecke T, Covaci A, van Nuijs ALN. An exploratory approach for an oriented development of an untargeted hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry platform for polar metabolites in biological matrices. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1637:461807. [PMID: 33360078 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of polar metabolites based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods should take into consideration the complexity of interactions in LC columns to be able to cover a broad range of metabolites of key biological pathways. Therefore, in this study, different chromatographic columns were tested for polar metabolites including reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) columns. Based on a column screening, two new generations of zwitterionic HILIC columns were selected for further evaluation. A tree-based method optimization was applied to investigate the chromatographic factors affecting the retention mechanisms of polar metabolites with zwitterionic stationary phases. The results were evaluated based on a scoring system which was applied for more than 80 polar metabolites with a high coverage of key human metabolic pathways. The final optimized methods showed high complementarity to analyze a wide range of metabolic classes including amino acids, small peptides, sugars, amino sugars, phosphorylated sugars, organic acids, nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and acylcarnitines. Optimized methods were applied to analyze different biological matrices, including human urine, plasma and liver cell extracts using an untargeted approach. The number of high-quality features (< 30% median relative standard deviation) ranged from 3,755 for urine to 5,402 for the intracellular metabolome of liver cells, showing the potential of the methods for untargeted purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Iturrospe
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium.
| | | | - Begoña Talavera Andújar
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Cellular Neurobiology and Molecular Chemistry of the Central Nervous System Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Calle Almansa 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Matthias Cuykx
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Laboratory of Clinical Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Joost Boeckmans
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium; Clinical Laboratory, Jessa Hospital, Stadsomvaart 11, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Tamara Vanhaecke
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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Rodriguez-Ayala E, Gallegos-Cabrales EC, Gonzalez-Lopez L, Laviada-Molina HA, Salinas-Osornio RA, Nava-Gonzalez EJ, Leal-Berumen I, Escudero-Lourdes C, Escalante-Araiza F, Buenfil-Rello FA, Peschard VG, Laviada-Nagel A, Silva E, Veloz-Garza RA, Martinez-Hernandez A, Barajas-Olmos FM, Molina-Segui F, Gonzalez-Ramirez L, Espadas-Olivera R, Lopez-Muñoz R, Arjona-Villicaña RD, Hernandez-Escalante VM, Rodriguez-Arellano ME, Gaytan-Saucedo JF, Vaquera Z, Acebo-Martinez M, Cornejo-Barrera J, Jancy Andrea HQ, Castillo-Pineda JC, Murillo-Ramirez A, Diaz-Tena SP, Figueroa-Nuñez B, Valencia-Rendon ME, Garzon-Zamora R, Viveros-Paredes JM, Ángeles-Chimal J, Santa-Olalla Tapia J, Remes-Troche JM, Valdovinos-Chavez SB, Huerta-Avila EE, Lopez-Alvarenga JC, Comuzzie AG, Haack K, Han X, Orozco L, Weintraub S, Kent JW, Cole SA, Bastarrachea RA. Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. Adipocyte 2020; 9:153-169. [PMID: 32272872 PMCID: PMC7153654 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2020.1743116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Rodriguez-Ayala
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | | | - Laura Gonzalez-Lopez
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - Rocio A. Salinas-Osornio
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - Irene Leal-Berumen
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México
| | | | - Fabiola Escalante-Araiza
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Fatima A. Buenfil-Rello
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vanessa-Giselle Peschard
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Antonio Laviada-Nagel
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Eliud Silva
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Norte, México City, México
| | - Rosa A. Veloz-Garza
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey, México
| | - Angelica Martinez-Hernandez
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Francisco M. Barajas-Olmos
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Lopez-Muñoz
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | | | - Victor M. Hernandez-Escalante
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Janeth F. Gaytan-Saucedo
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zoila Vaquera
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Judith Cornejo-Barrera
- Departamento de Enseñanza, Postgrado e Investigación, Hospital Infantil de Tamaulipas, Ciudad, México
| | - Huertas-Quintero Jancy Andrea
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Sara P. Diaz-Tena
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Latina de América, Morelia, México
| | | | | | - Rafael Garzon-Zamora
- Dirección de Postgrado e Investigación, Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA), Zapopan, México
| | | | - José Ángeles-Chimal
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - José M. Remes-Troche
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, México
| | | | - Eira E. Huerta-Avila
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Juan Carlos Lopez-Alvarenga
- School of Medicine & South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | | | - Karin Haack
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xianlin Han
- Department of Medicine, Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Lorena Orozco
- Laboratorio de Inmunogenómica y Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, México City, México
| | - Susan Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jack W. Kent
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shelley A. Cole
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Raul A. Bastarrachea
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Southwest National Primate Research Center (SNPRC), San Antonio, TX, USA
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