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Cheng X, Cheng B, Jin R, Zheng H, Zhou J, Shan S. The role of circulating metabolites and gut microbiome in hypertrophic scar: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:315. [PMID: 38822918 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring is a fibro-proliferative disorder caused by abnormal cutaneous wound healing. Circulating metabolites and the gut microbiome may be involved in the formation of these scars, but high-quality evidence of causality is lacking. To assess whether circulating metabolites and the gut microbiome contain genetically predicted modifiable risk factors for hypertrophic scar formation. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed using MR-Egger, inverse-variance weighting (IVW), Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier, maximum likelihood, and weighted median methods. Based on the genome-wide significance level, genetically predicted uridine (P = 0.015, odds ratio [OR] = 1903.514, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.280-846,616.433) and isovalerylcarnitine (P = 0.039, OR = 7.765, 95% CI 1.106-54.512) were positively correlated with hypertrophic scar risk, while N-acetylalanine (P = 0.013, OR = 7.98E-10, 95% CI 5.19E-17-0.012) and glycochenodeoxycholate (P = 0.021, OR = 0.021 95% CI 0.003-0.628) were negatively correlated. Gastranaerophilales and two unknown gut microbe species (P = 0.031, OR = 0.378, 95% CI 0.156-0.914) were associated with an decreased risk of hypertrophic scarring. Circulating metabolites and gut microbiome components may have either positive or negative causal effects on hypertrophic scar formation. The study provides new insights into strategies for diagnosing and limiting hypertrophic scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Cheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Union Shenzhen Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Jin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hongkun Zheng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Shengzhou Shan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Lai K, Song C, Gao M, Deng Y, Lu Z, Li N, Geng Q. Uridine Alleviates Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting Ferroptosis of Macrophage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065093. [PMID: 36982166 PMCID: PMC10049139 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Uridine metabolism is extensively reported to be involved in combating oxidative stress. Redox-imbalance-mediated ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). This study aims to explore the role of uridine metabolism in sepsis-induced ALI and the regulatory mechanism of uridine in ferroptosis. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets including lung tissues in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) -induced ALI model or human blood sample of sepsis were collected. In vivo and vitro, LPS was injected into mice or administered to THP-1 cells to generate sepsis or inflammatory models. We identified that uridine phosphorylase 1 (UPP1) was upregulated in lung tissues and septic blood samples and uridine significantly alleviated lung injury, inflammation, tissue iron level and lipid peroxidation. Nonetheless, the expression of ferroptosis biomarkers, including SLC7A11, GPX4 and HO-1, were upregulated, while lipid synthesis gene (ACSL4) expression was greatly restricted by uridine supplementation. Moreover, pretreatment of ferroptosis inducer (Erastin or Era) weakened while inhibitor (Ferrostatin-1 or Fer-1) strengthened the protective effects of uridine. Mechanistically, uridine inhibited macrophage ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway. In conclusion, uridine metabolism dysregulation is a novel accelerator for sepsis-induced ALI and uridine supplementation may offer a potential avenue for ameliorating sepsis-induced ALI by suppressing ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Congkuan Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Minglang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zilong Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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García MC, Lombardo-Cristina V, Marina ML. Multifunctional and Collaborative Protection of Proteins, Peptides, Phenolic Compounds, and Other Molecules against Oxidation in Apricot Seeds Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122354. [PMID: 36552562 PMCID: PMC9774911 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant activity studies usually focus on a single type of molecule and do not consider possible collaborations among different molecules. The purpose of this work was to obtain multicomponent extracts exerting protection against oxidation from apricot seeds and to study the individual role of these components in the whole protection. Pressurized liquid extraction was employed to obtain extracts, and a response surface methodology enabled exploration of the effect of extraction conditions on the composition and prevalence of the antioxidant mechanism. Extractions carried out at 170 °C, in up to 7% ethanol, and for up to 25 min guaranteed multifunctional protection against oxidation by the collaboration of different molecules. While phenolic compounds were the main contributors to radical-scavenging capacity (R2 = 90% for ABTS and 88% for DPPH), proteins and phenolic compounds showed similar roles in the whole reducing power (proteins (R2 = 86%) and TPC (R2 = 90%)), and other compounds inhibited the formation of hydroxyl radicals and, especially, the peroxidation of lipids. The presence of peptides modified the antioxidant protection of extracts. UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS confirmed the presence of phenolic compounds and other antioxidant molecules. The presence of different kinds of molecules led to a multifunctional and collaborative protection against oxidation that could not be exerted by individual molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Concepción García
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Víctor Lombardo-Cristina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Luisa Marina
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Química Física e Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Química “Andrés M. del Río”, Universidad de Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona Km. 33.600, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Amauroderma rugosum Extract Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha/Interferon Gamma-Induced HaCaT Keratinocytes. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196533. [PMID: 36235070 PMCID: PMC9571865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Keratinocytes form the physical barrier of the skin and play an important role in the inflammatory process. Amauroderma rugosum is an edible mushroom; however, its pharmacological properties have seldom been studied. Although the anti-inflammatory effect of the organic solvent extract of Amauroderma rugosum has been previously reported, it is not known whether the aqueous extract has a similar effect. In addition, the effect of Amauorderma rugosum extract on skin has never been explored. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract of Amauroderma rugosum on HaCaT keratinocytes, to explore its mechanisms of action, and to study the possible active ingredients involved. The results showed that the aqueous extract of Amauroderm rugosum at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL was non-toxic to HaCaT cells and inhibited the release of cytokine interleukin-1β, and chemokines interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α- and interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. Amauroderma rugosum extract reduced the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. In addition, Amauroderma rugosum extract reduced the total protein expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and B-cells inhibitor alpha in HaCaT keratinocytes and inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) 1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in TNF-α- and INF-γ-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. Chemical analysis revealed that the aqueous extract of Amauroderma rugosum contains polysaccharides, triterpenes, and phenolic compounds. Anti-inflammatory compounds, such as gallic acid, guanosine, and uridine, were also present. The anti-inflammatory effect of Amauroderma rugosum could be mimicked by a combination of gallic acid, guanosine, and uridine. In conclusion, our study suggests that the aqueous extract of Amauroderma rugosum exerts anti-inflammatory effects on keratinocytes through its antioxidant and inhibitory effects on MEK/ERK-, Akt/mTOR-, and NF-κB-dependent signaling pathways.
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Metabolite, protein, and tissue dysfunction associated with COVID-19 disease severity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12204. [PMID: 35842456 PMCID: PMC9288092 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16396-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins are direct products of the genome and metabolites are functional products of interactions between the host and other factors such as environment, disease state, clinical information, etc. Omics data, including proteins and metabolites, are useful in characterizing biological processes underlying COVID-19 along with patient data and clinical information, yet few methods are available to effectively analyze such diverse and unstructured data. Using an integrated approach that combines proteomics and metabolomics data, we investigated the changes in metabolites and proteins in relation to patient characteristics (e.g., age, gender, and health outcome) and clinical information (e.g., metabolic panel and complete blood count test results). We found significant enrichment of biological indicators of lung, liver, and gastrointestinal dysfunction associated with disease severity using publicly available metabolite and protein profiles. Our analyses specifically identified enriched proteins that play a critical role in responses to injury or infection within these anatomical sites, but may contribute to excessive systemic inflammation within the context of COVID-19. Furthermore, we have used this information in conjunction with machine learning algorithms to predict the health status of patients presenting symptoms of COVID-19. This work provides a roadmap for understanding the biochemical pathways and molecular mechanisms that drive disease severity, progression, and treatment of COVID-19.
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Liu W, Li C, Li B, Shang Q, Han Z, Zhang Y, Liu X, Fan H, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhang H. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P9 improved gut microbial metabolites and alleviated inflammatory response in pesticide exposure cohorts. iScience 2022; 25:104472. [PMID: 35733791 PMCID: PMC9207661 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple pesticide residue accumulations increase the probability of chronic metabolic diseases in humans. Thus, we applied multi-omics techniques to reveal how the gut microbiome responded to pesticide exposure. Then, we explored how probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum P9 (P9) consumption impacted the gut microbiota and immune factors after high pesticide exposure. Multi-omics results indicated frequent exposure to pesticides did not alter the composition of the intestinal microbiota, but it did increase the abundance of Lipopolysaccharide in the gut, which might contribute to chronic inflammation. Supplementation with P9 maintained the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and reduced the abundance of pathogens in the high pesticide-exposed subjects. By detecting metabolites, we observed uridine and 5-oxoproline concentrations increased significantly after P9 consumption. Furthermore, P9 alleviated immune factors disorder and promoted pesticide residue excretion. Our findings provide new insights into the application of probiotics for pesticide detoxification, and suggest probiotics as daily supplements for pesticide exposure prevention. High-frequency pesticide exposure induced inflammatory responses to occur P9 maintained gut microbiota homeostasis in subjects with high pesticide exposure P9 significantly increased the level of beneficial metabolites in the subjects P9 reduced inflammatory response and promoted excretion of pesticide residues
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Liu Q, Zhai L, Han M, Shi D, Sun Z, Peng S, Wang M, Zhang C, Gao J, Yan W, Jiang Q, Chen D, Xu Q, Tan M, Sun Y. SHP2 inhibition attenuates osteoarthritis by maintaining homeostasis of cartilage metabolism via the DOK1/UPP1/uridine cascade. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 74:462-474. [PMID: 34569725 DOI: 10.1002/art.41988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) regulate osteoarthritis (OA) progression by activating a series of signal transduction pathways. However, the roles of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in OA remain obscure. METHODS The expression of 107 PTP genes in human OA cartilage was analyzed based on a single-cell sequencing dataset. The enzyme activity of the PTP SHP2 was detected in primary chondrocytes after interleukin (IL)-1β treatment and in human OA cartilage. Destabilized medial meniscus (DMM) model and IL-1β-stimulated primary mouse chondrocytes were treated with an SHP2 inhibitor and celecoxib (a clinical drug for the treatment of OA). The function of SHP2 in OA pathogenesis was further verified in Aggrecan-CreERT ; SHP2 flox/flox mice. The downstream protein expression profile and dephosphorylated substrate of SHP2 were examined by tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling-based global proteomic and stable isotope labeling using amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-labeled tyrosine phosphoproteomic analysis, respectively. RESULTS SHP2 enzyme activity significantly increased in human OA samples with serious articular cartilage injury and in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of SHP2 ameliorated OA progression. SHP2 inhibitors dramatically reduced the expression of cartilage degradation-related genes and simultaneously promoted the expression of cartilage synthesis-related genes. Mechanistically, SHP2 inhibition suppressed the dephosphorylation of DOK1 and subsequently reduced the expression of uridine phosphorylase 1 and increased uridine level, thereby contributing to the homeostasis of cartilage metabolism. CONCLUSIONS SHP2 is a novel accelerator of the imbalance in the cartilage homeostasis. Specific inhibition of SHP2 may ameliorate OA by maintaining the anabolic and catabolic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Linhui Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mingrui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongquan Shi
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Peng
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Meijing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjin Yan
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, 210008, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minjia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
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8
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Cao X, Pan X, Couvillion SP, Zhang T, Tamez C, Bramer LM, White JC, Qian WJ, Thrall BD, Ng KW, Hu X, Demokritou P. Fate, cytotoxicity and cellular metabolomic impact of ingested nanoscale carbon dots using simulated digestion and a triculture small intestinal epithelial model. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100349. [PMID: 34514184 PMCID: PMC8428805 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a promising material currently being explored in many industrial applications in the biomedical and agri-food areas; however, studies supporting the environmental health risk assessment of CDs are needed. This study focuses on various CD forms including iron (FeCD) and copper (CuCD) doped CDs synthesized using hydrothermal method, their fate in gastrointestinal tract, and their cytotoxicity and potential changes to cellular metabolome in a triculture small intestinal epithelial model. Physicochemical characterization revealed that 75% of Fe in FeCD and 95% of Cu in CuCD were dissolved during digestion. No significant toxic effects were observed for pristine CDs and FeCDs. However, CuCD induced significant dose-dependent toxic effects including decreases in TEER and cell viability, increases in cytotoxicity and ROS production, and alterations in important metabolites, including D-glucose, L-cysteine, uridine, citric acid and multiple fatty acids. These results support the current understanding that pristine CDs are relatively non-toxic and the cytotoxicity is dependent on the doping molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiong Cao
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
| | - Sneha P. Couvillion
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Tong Zhang
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Carlos Tamez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, USA
| | - Lisa M. Bramer
- National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Jason C. White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, USA
| | - Wei-Jun Qian
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Brian D. Thrall
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141
| | - Xiao Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Testa LC, Jule Y, Lundh L, Bertotti K, Merideth MA, O'Brien KJ, Nathan SD, Venuto DC, El-Chemaly S, Malicdan MCV, Gochuico BR. Automated Digital Quantification of Pulmonary Fibrosis in Human Histopathology Specimens. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:607720. [PMID: 34211981 PMCID: PMC8240807 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.607720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by abnormal interstitial extracellular matrix and cellular accumulations. Methods quantifying fibrosis severity in lung histopathology samples are semi-quantitative, subjective, and analyze only portions of sections. We sought to determine whether automated computerized imaging analysis shown to continuously measure fibrosis in mice could also be applied in human samples. A pilot study was conducted to analyze a small number of specimens from patients with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome pulmonary fibrosis (HPSPF) or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Digital images of entire lung histological serial sections stained with picrosirius red and alcian blue or anti-CD68 antibody were analyzed using dedicated software to automatically quantify fibrosis, collagen, and macrophage content. Automated fibrosis quantification based on parenchymal tissue density and fibrosis score measurements was compared to pulmonary function values or Ashcroft score. Automated fibrosis quantification of HPSPF lung explants was significantly higher than that of IPF lung explants or biopsies and was also significantly higher in IPF lung explants than in IPF biopsies. A high correlation coefficient was found between some automated quantification measurements and lung function values for the three sample groups. Automated quantification of collagen content in lung sections used for digital image analyses was similar in the three groups. CD68 immunolabeled cell measurements were significantly higher in HPSPF explants than in IPF biopsies. In conclusion, computerized image analysis provides access to accurate, reader-independent pulmonary fibrosis quantification in human histopathology samples. Fibrosis, collagen content, and immunostained cells can be automatically and individually quantified from serial sections. Robust automated digital image analysis of human lung samples enhances the available tools to quantify and study fibrotic lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren C Testa
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Linnea Lundh
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Melissa A Merideth
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kevin J O'Brien
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Steven D Nathan
- Advanced Lung Disease and Lung Transplant Program, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, United States
| | - Drew C Venuto
- Advanced Lung Disease and Lung Transplant Program, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, United States
| | - Souheil El-Chemaly
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - May Christine V Malicdan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.,Undiagnosed Diseases Program, Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bernadette R Gochuico
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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10
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Luo Y, Chen H, Huang R, Wu Q, Li Y, He Y. Guanosine and uridine alleviate airway inflammation via inhibition of the MAPK and NF-κB signals in OVA-induced asthmatic mice. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2021; 69:102049. [PMID: 34102301 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases. Lack of response or poor adherence to corticosteroids demands the development of new drug candidates for asthma. Endogenous nucleosides could be potential options since uridine has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect in asthma model. However, its molecular pathways and whether other nucleosides have similar therapeutic effects remain untouched. Thus, we herein report our investigation into the anti-inflammatory effects of guanosine and uridine, and the related inner signaling pathways in asthma model. Present study shows that administration of guanosine or uridine can reduce lung inflammation in OVA-challenged mice. Total cell counts in BALF, cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, OVA-specific IgE and mRNA level of Cxcl1, Cxlc3, IL-17 and Muc5ac were decreased in asthmatic mice after treatment. Besides, the production of IL-6 in LPS/IFN-γ induced THP-1 cells was also decreased by both nucleosides. In vivo and in vitro expressions of key molecules in the MAPK and NF-κB pathways were reduced after the treatment of both compounds. These findings suggest that guanosine has a similar potential therapeutic value in asthma as uridine and they exert anti-inflammatory effects through suppression of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hai Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ridong Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yang He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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11
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Gonçalves da Silva EF, Costa BP, Nassr MT, de Souza Basso B, Bastos MS, Antunes GL, Reghelin CK, Rosa Garcia MC, Schneider Levorse VG, Carlessi LP, Antunes Fernandes KH, Richter Schmitz CR, Haute GV, Luft C, Santarém E, Barbé-Tuana FM, Donadio MVF, Basso LA, Machado P, Rodrigues de Oliveira J. Therapeutic effect of uridine phosphorylase 1 (UPP1) inhibitor on liver fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 890:173670. [PMID: 33098831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Potassium 5-cyano-4-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridine-2-olate (CPBMF65) is a potent inhibitor of the uridine phosphorylase 1 (UPP1) enzyme. Its non-ionized analog has already demonstrated biological properties by reducing adverse effects caused by the chemotherapeutic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In addition, it has been demonstrated that uridine inhibits inflammation and fibrosis in bleomycin lung injury, decreasing collagen production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of CPBMF65 on activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice. After incubation with CPBMF65, decreased cell proliferation and phenotype reversion were observed in vitro. In addition, CPBMF65 promoted a protective effect on tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice, demonstrated by its antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory actions. The results of the present study indicate that the UPP1 inhibitor (CPBMF65) may have potential as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Feller Gonçalves da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Pasqualotto Costa
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Marcella Tornquist Nassr
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno de Souza Basso
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus Scherer Bastos
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Géssica Luana Antunes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Camille Kirinus Reghelin
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Claudia Rosa Garcia
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Vitor Giancarlo Schneider Levorse
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Pfeiff Carlessi
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Krist Helen Antunes Fernandes
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Experimental, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Carine Raquel Richter Schmitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biologia Celular: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Viegas Haute
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Luft
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Eliane Santarém
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Florencia María Barbé-Tuana
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Márcio Vinícius Fagundes Donadio
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Basso
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular e Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), TecnoPuc, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Pablo Machado
- Centro de Pesquisas Em Biologia Molecular e Funcional (CPBMF), Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), TecnoPuc, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
| | - Jarbas Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90619-900, Brazil
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12
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Su Y, Chen D, Lausted C, Yuan D, Choi J, Dai C, Voillet V, Scherler K, Troisch P, Duvvuri VR, Baloni P, Qin G, Smith B, Kornilov S, Rostomily C, Xu A, Li J, Dong S, Rothchild A, Zhou J, Murray K, Edmark R, Hong S, Jones L, Zhou Y, Roper R, Mackay S, O'Mahony DS, Dale CR, Wallick JA, Algren HA, Michael ZA, Magis A, Wei W, Price ND, Huang S, Subramanian N, Wang K, Hadlock J, Hood L, Aderem A, Bluestone JA, Lanier LL, Greenberg P, Gottardo R, Davis MM, Goldman JD, Heath JR. Multiomic Immunophenotyping of COVID-19 Patients Reveals Early Infection Trajectories. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2020:2020.07.27.224063. [PMID: 32766585 PMCID: PMC7402042 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.27.224063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Host immune responses play central roles in controlling SARS-CoV2 infection, yet remain incompletely characterized and understood. Here, we present a comprehensive immune response map spanning 454 proteins and 847 metabolites in plasma integrated with single-cell multi-omic assays of PBMCs in which whole transcriptome, 192 surface proteins, and T and B cell receptor sequence were co-analyzed within the context of clinical measures from 50 COVID19 patient samples. Our study reveals novel cellular subpopulations, such as proliferative exhausted CD8 + and CD4 + T cells, and cytotoxic CD4 + T cells, that may be features of severe COVID-19 infection. We condensed over 1 million immune features into a single immune response axis that independently aligns with many clinical features and is also strongly associated with disease severity. Our study represents an important resource towards understanding the heterogeneous immune responses of COVID-19 patients and may provide key information for informing therapeutic development.
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13
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Mohandoss S, Atchudan R, Edison TNJI, Mishra K, Tamargo RJI, Palanisamy S, Yelithao K, You S, Napoleon AA, Lee YR. Enhancement of solubility, antibiofilm, and antioxidant activity of uridine by inclusion in β-cyclodextrin derivatives. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.112849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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14
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Lewis T, Chalise P, Gauldin C, Truog W. Pharmacometabolomics of Respiratory Phenotypic Response to Dexamethasone in Preterm Infants at Risk for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Clin Transl Sci 2019; 12:591-599. [PMID: 31188532 PMCID: PMC6853142 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A prospective cohort study was performed in preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestation at birth who were treated with dexamethasone for developing or established bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Respiratory phenotype (Respiratory Severity Score (RSS)), serum, and urine metabolomics were assessed before and after treatment. Ten infants provided nine matched serum and nine matched urine samples. There was a significant decrease in RSS with steroid treatment. Serum gluconic acid had the largest median fold change (140 times decreased, P = 0.008). In metabolite set enrichment analysis, in both serum and urine, the urea cycle, ammonia recycling, and malate-aspartate shuttle pathways were most significantly enriched when comparing pretreatment and post-treatment (P value < 0.05). In regression analyses, 6 serum and 28 urine metabolites were significantly associated with change in RSS. Urine gluconic acid lactone was the most significantly correlated with clinical response (correlational coefficient 0.915). Pharmacometabolomic discovery of drug response biomarkers in preterm infants may allow precision therapeutics in BPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamorah Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Prabhakar Chalise
- Department of Biostatistics, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Cheri Gauldin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - William Truog
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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15
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Wangchuk P, Kouremenos K, Eichenberger RM, Pearson M, Susianto A, Wishart DS, McConville MJ, Loukas A. Metabolomic profiling of the excretory-secretory products of hookworm and whipworm. Metabolomics 2019; 15:101. [PMID: 31254203 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1561-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Soil-transmitted helminths infect billions of people, livestock and companion animals worldwide, and chronic infections with these nematodes represent a major health burden in many developing countries. On the other hand, complete elimination of parasitic helminths and other infectious pathogens has been implicated with rising rates of autoimmune and allergic disorders in developed countries. Given the enormous health impact of these parasites, it is surprising how little is known about the non-protein small metabolites of the excretory-secretory products (ESP), including their composition and pharmacological properties. OBJECTIVES We sought proof-of-concept that Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Trichuris muris, rodent models of two of the most important human soil-transmitted helminths, secrete small metabolites and that some of these metabolites may have specific pharmacological functions. METHODS N. brasiliensis and T. muris ESP were collected from adult worms and filtered using a 10 kDa cut-off membrane to produce excretory-secretory metabolites (ESM). The ESM were analysed using targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for polar and non-polar small metabolites. RESULTS ESM from both N. brasiliensis and T. muris contained small molecules. A total of 54 small molecules (38 polar metabolites and 16 fatty acids) were identified, 36 known polar metabolites from N. brasiliensis and 35 from T. muris. A literature review of the identified compounds revealed that 17 of them have various demonstrated pharmacological activities. CONCLUSION N. brasiliensis and T. muris secrete polar and non-polar small molecules with as many as 17 metabolites known to exhibit various pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phurpa Wangchuk
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia.
| | - Konstantinos Kouremenos
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Ramon M Eichenberger
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mark Pearson
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
| | - Atik Susianto
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
| | - David S Wishart
- Department of Biological Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Malcolm J McConville
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia.
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16
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Fischer B, Ly TD, Hendig D, Kuhn J, Pécheur EI, Reungoat E, Knabbe C, Faust I. First description of a compensatory xylosyltransferase I induction observed after an antifibrotic UDP-treatment of normal human dermal fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:7-13. [PMID: 30853184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.02.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a serious health problem often leading to accompanying organ failure. During the manifestation of the disease, an accumulation of different extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, such as proteoglycans, takes place. There is no appropriate therapeutic option available to heal fibrosis to date. Current research focuses primarily on targets such as the cytokine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which is assumed to be one of the key mediators of fibrosis. Both xylosyltransferase isoforms, XT-I and XT-II, catalyze the rate-limiting step of the proteoglycan biosynthesis. Consequently, inhibiting XT activity could be a promising approach to treat fibrosis. It was shown in earlier studies that nucleotides and nucleosides have anti-fibrotic properties and decrease XT activity in cell-free systems. In contrast, we evaluated the mechanisms beyond an UDP-mediated induction of intracellular XT-activity in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). The observed pseudo-fibrotic XT increasement could be attributed to a compensation of decreased UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase 1 (UXS1) mRNA expression as well as a diminished intracellular UDP-xylose concentration. In summary, our results describe a so far unknown XT-inductive pathway and show that UDP could be a promising molecule for the development of an anti-fibrotic therapy. Nevertheless, XT activity has to be inhibited in parallel intracellularly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Fischer
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.
| | - Thanh-Diep Ly
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Doris Hendig
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Joachim Kuhn
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Eve-Isabelle Pécheur
- UMR INSERM 1052 / CNRS 5286, CRCL, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, France
| | - Emma Reungoat
- UMR INSERM 1052 / CNRS 5286, CRCL, Centre de Recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, France
| | - Cornelius Knabbe
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Isabel Faust
- Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Universitätsklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Georgstrasse 11, 32545, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
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17
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Hookworm-Derived Metabolites Suppress Pathology in a Mouse Model of Colitis and Inhibit Secretion of Key Inflammatory Cytokines in Primary Human Leukocytes. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00851-18. [PMID: 30670556 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00851-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iatrogenic hookworm therapy shows promise for treating disorders that result from a dysregulated immune system, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Using a murine model of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we demonstrated that low-molecular-weight metabolites derived from both somatic extracts (LMWM-SE) and excretory-secretory products (LMWM-ESP) of the hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, display anti-inflammatory properties. Administration to mice of LMWM-ESP as well as sequentially extracted fractions of LMWM-SE using both methanol (SE-MeOH) and hexane-dichloromethane-acetonitrile (SE-HDA) resulted in significant protection against T cell-mediated immunopathology, clinical signs of colitis, and impaired histological colon architecture. To assess bioactivity in human cells, we stimulated primary human leukocytes with lipopolysaccharide in the presence of hookworm extracts and showed that SE-HDA suppressed ex vivo production of inflammatory cytokines. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) and liquid chromatography-MS analyses revealed the presence of 46 polar metabolites, 22 fatty acids, and five short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the LMWM-SE fraction and 29 polar metabolites, 13 fatty acids, and six SCFAs in the LMWM-ESP fraction. Several of these small metabolites, notably the SCFAs, have been previously reported to have anti-inflammatory properties in various disease settings, including IBD. This is the first report showing that hookworms secrete small molecules with both ex vivo and in vivo anti-inflammatory bioactivity, and this warrants further exploration as a novel approach to the development of anti-inflammatory drugs inspired by coevolution of gut-dwelling hookworms with their vertebrate hosts.
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18
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Song X, Yu W, Guo F. Pirfenidone suppresses bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and periostin expression in rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:1800-1806. [PMID: 30186404 PMCID: PMC6122328 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of pirfenidone on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats, in order to elucidate the underlying mechanism of periostin-induced fibrosis. The lung fibrosis model was constructed using a single intratracheal instillation of bleomycin in rats. The normal rats without bleomycin administration were used as controls (n=24). Bleomycin-treated rats were randomized into the model (M) or pirfenidone (P) group (n=24 per group). Rats were sacrificed on days 7, 14 and 28 following treatment. Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to analyze pulmonary alveolitis and fibrosis. Periostin location was detected by immunohistochemistry. Hydroxyproline content, and expression of periostin and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were detected by ELISA, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction or western blotting. Correlation of periostin expression with hydroxyproline and TGF-β1 content was also analyzed. Histological findings demonstrated that pirfenidone significantly inhibited bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis and reduced the hydroxyproline content on day 14 and day 28 compared with the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Furthermore, the bleomycin-induced increased protein expression of periostin and TGF-β1 was also significantly suppressed by pirfenidone on days 14 (P<0.01) and 28 (data not shown). Furthermore, periostin expression was significantly correlated with hydroxyproline and TGF-β1 content, and fibrosis score (P<0.001). The present findings suggest that the antifibrotic effect of pirfenidone may be achieved by suppression of periostin and TGF-β1 expression in rat pulmonary fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Song
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Wencheng Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Fang Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Laiwu City People's Hospital, Laiwu, Shandong 271100, P.R. China
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19
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Yang JM, Zhou R, Zhang M, Tan HR, Yu JQ. Betaine Attenuates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rats via Inhibiting Inflammatory Response. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061274. [PMID: 29861433 PMCID: PMC6100216 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by increased pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to right ventricular failure and death. Recent studies have suggested that chronic inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of PAH. Several studies have demonstrated that betaine possesses outstanding anti-inflammatory effects. However, whether betaine exerts protective effects on PAH by inhibiting inflammatory responses in the lungs needs to be explored. To test our hypothesis, we aimed to investigate the effects of betaine on monocrotaline-induced PAH in rats and attempted to further clarify the possible mechanisms. Methods: PAH was induced by monocrotaline (50 mg/kg) and oral administration of betaine (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular systolic pressure, and right ventricle hypertrophy index were used to evaluate the development of PAH. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining were performed to measure the extents of vascular remodeling and proliferation in fibrous tissue. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were also detected by immunohistochemical staining. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were assessed by Western blot. Results: This study showed that betaine improved the abnormalities in right ventricular systolic pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricle hypertrophy index, and pulmonary arterial remodeling induced by monocrotaline compared with the PAH group. The levels of MCP-1 and ET-1 also decreased. Western blot indicated that the protein expression levels of NF-κB, TNF-α, and IL-1β significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that betaine attenuated PAH through its anti-inflammatory effects. Hence, the present data may offer novel targets and promising pharmacological perspectives for treating monocrotaline-induced PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Mei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Ru Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Hui Medicine Modern Engineering Research Center and Collaborative Innovation Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Huan-Ran Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Hui Medicine Modern Engineering Research Center and Collaborative Innovation Center, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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20
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Müller T, Fay S, Vieira RP, Karmouty-Quintana H, Cicko S, Ayata K, Zissel G, Goldmann T, Lungarella G, Ferrari D, Di Virgilio F, Robaye B, Boeynaems JM, Blackburn MR, Idzko M. The purinergic receptor subtype P2Y2 mediates chemotaxis of neutrophils and fibroblasts in fibrotic lung disease. Oncotarget 2018; 8:35962-35972. [PMID: 28415591 PMCID: PMC5482630 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease with few available treatment options. Recently, the involvement of purinergic receptor subtypes in the pathogenesis of different lung diseases has been demonstrated. Here we investigated the role of the purinergic receptor subtype P2Y2 in the context of fibrotic lung diseases.The concentration of different nucleotides was measured in the broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid derived from IPF patients and animals with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. In addition expression of P2Y2 receptors by different cell types was determined. To investigate the functional relevance of P2Y2 receptors for the pathogenesis of the disease the bleomycin model of pulmonary fibrosis was used. Finally, experiments were performed in pursuit of the involved mechanisms.Compared to healthy individuals or vehicle treated animals, extracellular nucleotide levels in the BAL fluid were increased in patients with IPF and in mice after bleomycin administration, paralleled by a functional up-regulation of P2Y2R expression. Both bleomycin-induced inflammation and fibrosis were reduced in P2Y2R-deficient compared to wild type animals. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that recruitment of neutrophils into the lungs, proliferation and migration of lung fibroblasts as well as IL6 production are key P2Y2R mediated processes.Our results clearly demonstrate the involvement of P2Y2R subtypes in the pathogenesis of fibrotic lung diseases in humans and mice and hence support the development of selective P2Y2R antagonists for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Müller
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Germany.,University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Division of Pneumology, Germany
| | - Susanne Fay
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Germany
| | | | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Houston Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, USA
| | - Sanja Cicko
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Germany
| | - Korcan Ayata
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Germany
| | - Gernot Zissel
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Germany
| | - Torsten Goldmann
- Research Center Borstel, Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Borstel, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Lungarella
- Department of Physiopathology and Experimental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Davide Ferrari
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of General Pathology and Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI), University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine, Section of General Pathology and Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI), University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bernard Robaye
- IRIBHM and Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Michael R Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Houston Medical School, University of Texas, Houston, USA
| | - Marco Idzko
- University Hospital Freiburg, Department of Pneumology, Germany
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21
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Yang L, Lin Z, Wang Y, Li C, Xu W, Li Q, Yao W, Song Z, Liu G. Nickle(II) ions exacerbate bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis by activating the ROS/Akt signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:4406-4418. [PMID: 29185215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nickle (Ni) is a heavy metal found in particulate matter. We previously reported that Ni ions are strongly associated with high apoptosis rates and high expression of IL-1β in human bronchial epithelial cells following exposure to PM2.5; however, the effects of Ni ions on pulmonary fibrosis have not been fully elucidated. In the current study, we evaluated whether Ni ions can exacerbate bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model and illustrated the potential mechanism. Ni ions inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in A549 and MRC-5 cells. BLM-induced lung injury and fibrosis in mice were significantly enhanced by nickel treatment, and these findings were also supported by inflammatory cell accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung tissues. Ni ions also increased extracellular matrix protein levels, including those of type I collagen and MMP9 in mouse lung tissues and cell lines. Moreover, Ni ions promoted the phosphorylation of AKT in this mouse model. The effect of increased collagen levels and MMP9 expression was inhibited by blocking the AKT phosphorylation. Together, these findings suggest AKT activation as a critical contributor to this Ni-exacerbated pulmonary fibrotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawei Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Ziying Lin
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Yahong Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Wenya Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Qinglan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Weimin Yao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Zeqing Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.
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22
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Müller T, Fay S, Vieira RP, Karmouty-Quintana H, Cicko S, Ayata CK, Zissel G, Goldmann T, Lungarella G, Ferrari D, Di Virgilio F, Robaye B, Boeynaems JM, Lazarowski ER, Blackburn MR, Idzko M. P2Y 6 Receptor Activation Promotes Inflammation and Tissue Remodeling in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1028. [PMID: 28878780 PMCID: PMC5572280 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease with a poor prognosis and very few available treatment options. The involvement of the purinergic receptor subtypes P2Y2 and P2X7 in fibrotic lung disease has been demonstrated recently. In this study, we investigated the role of P2Y6 receptors in the pathogenesis of IPF in humans and in the animal model of bleomycin-induced lung injury. P2Y6R expression was upregulated in lung structural cells but not in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells derived from IPF patients as well as in animals following bleomycin administration. Furthermore, BAL fluid levels of the P2Y6R agonist uridine-5′-diphosphate were elevated in animals with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Inflammation and fibrosis following bleomycin administration were reduced in P2Y6R-deficient compared to wild-type animals confirming the pathophysiological relevance of P2Y6R subtypes for fibrotic lung diseases. Experiments with bone marrow chimeras revealed the importance of P2Y6R expression on lung structural cells for pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Similar effects were obtained when animals were treated with the P2Y6R antagonist MRS2578. In vitro studies demonstrated that proliferation and secretion of the pro-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic cytokine IL-6 by lung fibroblasts are P2Y6R-mediated processes. In summary, our results clearly demonstrate the involvement of P2Y6R subtypes in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. Thus, blocking pulmonary P2Y6 receptors might be a new target for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Müller
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Division of Pneumology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Fay
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Sanja Cicko
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cemil Korcan Ayata
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Gernot Zissel
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Goldmann
- Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Lungarella
- Department of Physiopathology and Experimental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Davide Ferrari
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bernard Robaye
- IRIBHM and Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Eduardo R Lazarowski
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Michael R Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Marco Idzko
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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23
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Gilhodes JC, Julé Y, Kreuz S, Stierstorfer B, Stiller D, Wollin L. Quantification of Pulmonary Fibrosis in a Bleomycin Mouse Model Using Automated Histological Image Analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170561. [PMID: 28107543 PMCID: PMC5249201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current literature on pulmonary fibrosis induced in animal models highlights the need of an accurate, reliable and reproducible histological quantitative analysis. One of the major limits of histological scoring concerns the fact that it is observer-dependent and consequently subject to variability, which may preclude comparative studies between different laboratories. To achieve a reliable and observer-independent quantification of lung fibrosis we developed an automated software histological image analysis performed from digital image of entire lung sections. This automated analysis was compared to standard evaluation methods with regard to its validation as an end-point measure of fibrosis. Lung fibrosis was induced in mice by intratracheal administration of bleomycin (BLM) at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mg/kg. A detailed characterization of BLM-induced fibrosis was performed 14 days after BLM administration using lung function testing, micro-computed tomography and Ashcroft scoring analysis. Quantification of fibrosis by automated analysis was assessed based on pulmonary tissue density measured from thousands of micro-tiles processed from digital images of entire lung sections. Prior to analysis, large bronchi and vessels were manually excluded from the original images. Measurement of fibrosis has been expressed by two indexes: the mean pulmonary tissue density and the high pulmonary tissue density frequency. We showed that tissue density indexes gave access to a very accurate and reliable quantification of morphological changes induced by BLM even for the lowest concentration used (0.25 mg/kg). A reconstructed 2D-image of the entire lung section at high resolution (3.6 μm/pixel) has been performed from tissue density values allowing the visualization of their distribution throughout fibrotic and non-fibrotic regions. A significant correlation (p<0.0001) was found between automated analysis and the above standard evaluation methods. This correlation establishes automated analysis as a novel end-point measure of BLM-induced lung fibrosis in mice, which will be very valuable for future preclinical drug explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sebastian Kreuz
- Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Birgit Stierstorfer
- Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Detlef Stiller
- Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Lutz Wollin
- Immunology and Respiratory, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
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