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Ban D, Housley SN, Matyunina LV, McDonald LD, Bae-Jump VL, Benigno BB, Skolnick J, McDonald JF. A personalized probabilistic approach to ovarian cancer diagnostics. Gynecol Oncol 2024; 182:168-175. [PMID: 38266403 PMCID: PMC10960662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2023.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The identification/development of a machine learning-based classifier that utilizes metabolic profiles of serum samples to accurately identify individuals with ovarian cancer. METHODS Serum samples collected from 431 ovarian cancer patients and 133 normal women at four geographic locations were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Reliable metabolites were identified using recursive feature elimination coupled with repeated cross-validation and used to develop a consensus classifier able to distinguish cancer from non-cancer. The probabilities assigned to individuals by the model were used to create a clinical tool that assigns a likelihood that an individual patient sample is cancer or normal. RESULTS Our consensus classification model is able to distinguish cancer from control samples with 93% accuracy. The frequency distribution of individual patient scores was used to develop a clinical tool that assigns a likelihood that an individual patient does or does not have cancer. CONCLUSIONS An integrative approach using metabolomic profiles and machine learning-based classifiers has been employed to develop a clinical tool that assigns a probability that an individual patient does or does not have ovarian cancer. This personalized/probabilistic approach to cancer diagnostics is more clinically informative and accurate than traditional binary (yes/no) tests and represents a promising new direction in the early detection of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjo Ban
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Stephen N Housley
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Lilya V Matyunina
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - L DeEtte McDonald
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Victoria L Bae-Jump
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina, 3009 Old Clinic Building, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Benedict B Benigno
- Ovarian Cancer Institute, 1266 W. Paces Ferry Rd NW #339, Atlanta, GA 30327, USA
| | - Jeffrey Skolnick
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Ovarian Cancer Institute, 1266 W. Paces Ferry Rd NW #339, Atlanta, GA 30327, USA; Center for the Study of Systems Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - John F McDonald
- Integrated Cancer Research Center, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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Wang M, Ou Y, Yuan XL, Zhu XF, Niu B, Kang Z, Zhang B, Ahmed A, Xing GQ, Su H. Heterogeneously elevated branched-chain/aromatic amino acids among new-onset type-2 diabetes mellitus patients are potentially skewed diabetes predictors. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:53-71. [PMID: 38313852 PMCID: PMC10835491 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lack of specific predictors for type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) severely impacts early intervention/prevention efforts. Elevated branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs: Isoleucine, leucine, valine) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs: Tyrosine, tryptophan, phenylalanine)) show high sensitivity and specificity in predicting diabetes in animals and predict T2DM 10-19 years before T2DM onset in clinical studies. However, improvement is needed to support its clinical utility. AIM To evaluate the effects of body mass index (BMI) and sex on BCAAs/AAAs in new-onset T2DM individuals with varying body weight. METHODS Ninety-seven new-onset T2DM patients (< 12 mo) differing in BMI [normal weight (NW), n = 33, BMI = 22.23 ± 1.60; overweight, n = 42, BMI = 25.9 ± 1.07; obesity (OB), n = 22, BMI = 31.23 ± 2.31] from the First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China, were studied. One-way and 2-way ANOVAs were conducted to determine the effects of BMI and sex on BCAAs/AAAs. RESULTS Fasting serum AAAs, BCAAs, glutamate, and alanine were greater and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was lower (P < 0.05, each) in OB-T2DM patients than in NW-T2DM patients, especially in male OB-T2DM patients. Arginine, histidine, leucine, methionine, and lysine were greater in male patients than in female patients. Moreover, histidine, alanine, glutamate, lysine, valine, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan were significantly correlated with abdominal adiposity, body weight and BMI, whereas isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine were negatively correlated with HDL. CONCLUSION Heterogeneously elevated amino acids, especially BCAAs/AAAs, across new-onset T2DM patients in differing BMI categories revealed a potentially skewed prediction of T2DM development. The higher BCAA/AAA levels in obese T2DM patients would support T2DM prediction in obese individuals, whereas the lower levels of BCAAs/AAAs in NW-T2DM individuals may underestimate T2DM risk in NW individuals. This potentially skewed T2DM prediction should be considered when BCAAs/AAAs are to be used as the T2DM predictor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yang Ou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiang-Lian Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xiu-Fang Zhu
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ben Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhuang Kang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Nanchong Central Hospital & The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Anwar Ahmed
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States
| | - Guo-Qiang Xing
- The Affiliated Hospital and Second Clinical Medical College, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Research and Development, Lotus Biotech.com LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, United States
| | - Heng Su
- Department of Endocrinology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China
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Sierra-Ruelas E, Torres-Castillo N, Vizmanos B, Campos-Pérez W, Lopez-Cortes OD, Di Marzo V, Martínez-López E. FAAH Pro129Thr Variant Is Associated with Increased Cholesterol Levels in Normal-Weight Metabolically Unhealthy Subjects. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:435-442. [PMID: 37433211 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays an integral role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis, where an hyperactivation has been related with serum lipid alterations. The biological effects of ECS are limited by the activation of the endocannabinoid-degrading enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and by polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake as precursors. The FAAH Pro129Thr variant has been associated with obesity in some populations. However, the association with metabolic phenotypes in the Mexican population has not been studied. This study aimed to analyze the association of the FAAH Pro129Thr variant with serum lipids and diet in Mexican adults with different metabolic phenotypes. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 306 subjects between 18 and 65 years of age. They were classified with normal weight (NW) or excess weight (EW) according to their body mass index (BMI). The EW group included individuals with overweight or obesity (BMI 25-39.9 kg/m2). The individuals were classified into two metabolic phenotypes, metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy (MUH), using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and the National Cholesterol Education Program-adenosine triphosphate III cutoff points for blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose. Subjects with ≥2 of 5 altered parameters were classified as MUH. The FAAH Pro129Thr variant was determined by allelic discrimination with TaqMan® probes. Results: The total cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were associated with the FAAH Pro129Thr variant in NW-MUH subjects. Moreover, a lower PUFA intake was found in EW-MUH subjects with the FAAH variant. Conclusions: FAAH Pro129Thr variant has an important role in lipid metabolism, especially in NW-MUH subjects. By contrast, a low dietary intake of endocannabinoid PUFA precursors may partly counteract the development of the altered lipid profile associated with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Sierra-Ruelas
- Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Nathaly Torres-Castillo
- Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Barbara Vizmanos
- Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Disciplinas Filosófico, Metodológico e Instrumentales, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Wendy Campos-Pérez
- Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Oscar David Lopez-Cortes
- Licenciatura en Medicina, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Canada Excellence Research Chair in Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health (CERC-MEND), Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels, Centre NUTRISS, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Erika Martínez-López
- Departamento de Clínicas de la Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Doctorado en Ciencias de la Nutrición Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity is accompanied by atherogenic dyslipidemia, a specific lipid disorder characterized by both quantitative and qualitative changes of plasma lipoproteins. The main alterations in the lipid profile include hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, and elevated small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. Epidemiological data show that obesity is more common in women and is a frequent risk factor for reproductive disorders, metabolic complications in pregnancy, and cardiometabolic disease later in life. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss recent advances in the research of dyslipidemia in obesity, with an emphasis on female-specific disorders and cardiometabolic risk. RECENT FINDINGS The focus of current research on dyslipidemia in obesity is moving toward structurally and functionally modified plasma lipoproteins. Special attention is paid to the pro-atherogenic role of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and their remnants. Introduction of advanced analytical techniques enabled identification of novel lipid biomarkers with potential clinical applications. In particular, proteomic and lipidomic studies have provided significant progress in the comprehensive research of HDL's alterations in obesity. Obesity-related dyslipidemia is a widespread metabolic disturbance in polycystic ovary syndrome patients and high-risk pregnancies, but is seldom evaluated with respect to its impact on future cardiometabolic health. Obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases require a more depth insight into the quality of lipoprotein particles. Further application of omics-based techniques would enable a more comprehensive evaluation of dyslipidemia in order to reduce an excessive cardiovascular risk attributable to increased body weight. However, more studies on obesity-related female reproductive disorders are needed for this approach to be adopted in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vekic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Aleksandra Stefanovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Zeljkovic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Vojvode Stepe 450, P. Box 146, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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Lokhov PG, Balashova EE, Trifonova OP, Maslov DL, Plotnikova OA, Sharafetdinov KK, Nikityuk DB, Tutelyan VA, Ponomarenko EA, Archakov AI. Clinical Blood Metabogram: Application to Overweight and Obese Patients. Metabolites 2023; 13:798. [PMID: 37512504 PMCID: PMC10386708 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the concept of a mass spectrometric blood metabogram was introduced, which allows the analysis of the blood metabolome in terms of the time, cost, and reproducibility of clinical laboratory tests. It was demonstrated that the components of the metabogram are related groups of the blood metabolites associated with humoral regulation; the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and amines; lipid intake into the organism; and liver function, thereby providing clinically relevant information. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the relevance of using the metabogram in a disease. To do this, the metabogram was used to analyze patients with various degrees of metabolic alterations associated with obesity. The study involved 20 healthy individuals, 20 overweight individuals, and 60 individuals with class 1, 2, or 3 obesity. The results showed that the metabogram revealed obesity-associated metabolic alterations, including changes in the blood levels of steroids, amino acids, fatty acids, and phospholipids, which are consistent with the available scientific data to date. Therefore, the metabogram allows testing of metabolically unhealthy overweight or obese patients, providing both a general overview of their metabolic alterations and detailing their individual characteristics. It was concluded that the metabogram is an accurate and clinically applicable test for assessing an individual's metabolic status in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr G Lokhov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena E Balashova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oxana P Trifonova
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry L Maslov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana A Plotnikova
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Khaider K Sharafetdinov
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry B Nikityuk
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor A Tutelyan
- Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ustinsky Passage 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A Ponomarenko
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Building 8, Pogodinskaya Street, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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Wei D, González-Marrachelli V, Melgarejo JD, Liao CT, Hu A, Janssens S, Verhamme P, Van Aelst L, Vanassche T, Redon J, Tellez-Plaza M, Martin-Escudero JC, Monleon D, Zhang ZY. Cardiovascular risk of metabolically healthy obesity in two european populations: Prevention potential from a metabolomic study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:82. [PMID: 37029406 PMCID: PMC10082537 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new definition of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) has recently been proposed to stratify the heterogeneous mortality risk of obesity. Metabolomic profiling provides clues to metabolic alterations beyond clinical definition. We aimed to evaluate the association between MHO and cardiovascular events and assess its metabolomic pattern. METHODS This prospective study included Europeans from two population-based studies, the FLEMENGHO and the Hortega study. A total of 2339 participants with follow-up were analyzed, including 2218 with metabolomic profiling. Metabolic health was developed from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the UK biobank cohorts and defined as systolic blood pressure < 130 mmHg, no antihypertensive drugs, waist-to-hip ratio < 0.95 for women or 1.03 for men, and the absence of diabetes. BMI categories included normal weight, overweight, and obesity (BMI < 25, 25-30, ≥ 30 kg/m2). Participants were classified into six subgroups according to BMI category and metabolic healthy status. Outcomes were fatal and nonfatal composited cardiovascular events. RESULTS Of 2339 participants, the mean age was 51 years, 1161 (49.6%) were women, 434 (18.6%) had obesity, 117 (5.0%) were classified as MHO, and both cohorts had similar characteristics. Over a median of 9.2-year (3.7-13.0) follow-up, 245 cardiovascular events occurred. Compared to those with metabolically healthy normal weight, individuals with metabolic unhealthy status had a higher risk of cardiovascular events, regardless of BMI category (adjusted HR: 3.30 [95% CI: 1.73-6.28] for normal weight, 2.50 [95% CI: 1.34-4.66] for overweight, and 3.42 [95% CI: 1.81-6.44] for obesity), whereas those with MHO were not at increased risk of cardiovascular events (HR: 1.11 [95% CI: 0.36-3.45]). Factor analysis identified a metabolomic factor mainly associated with glucose regulation, which was associated with cardiovascular events (HR: 1.22 [95% CI: 1.10-1.36]). Individuals with MHO tended to present a higher metabolomic factor score than those with metabolically healthy normal weight (0.175 vs. -0.057, P = 0.019), and the score was comparable to metabolically unhealthy obesity (0.175 vs. -0.080, P = 0.91). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with MHO may not present higher short-term cardiovascular risk but tend to have a metabolomic pattern associated with higher cardiovascular risk, emphasizing a need for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wei
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Campus Sint Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 7, block h, Box 7001, Leuven, BE- 3000, Belgium
| | - Vannina González-Marrachelli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesus D Melgarejo
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Campus Sint Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 7, block h, Box 7001, Leuven, BE- 3000, Belgium
| | - Chia-Te Liao
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Campus Sint Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 7, block h, Box 7001, Leuven, BE- 3000, Belgium
| | - Angie Hu
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Campus Sint Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 7, block h, Box 7001, Leuven, BE- 3000, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Stefan Janssens
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Verhamme
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Van Aelst
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Vanassche
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Josep Redon
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Integrative Epidemiology Group, Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Martin-Escudero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Monleon
- Institute for Biomedical Research, Hospital Clinic of Valencia (INCLIVA), Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Campus Sint Rafaël, Kapucijnenvoer 7, block h, Box 7001, Leuven, BE- 3000, Belgium.
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7
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to detail the current global research state of metabolically healthy obesogenesis with regard to metabolic factors, disease prevalence, comparisons to unhealthy obesity, and targeted interventions to reverse or delay progression from metabolically healthy to unhealthy obesity. RECENT FINDINGS As a long-term condition with increased risk of cardiovascular, metabolic, and all-cause mortality risks, obesity threatens public health on a national level. The recent discovery of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), a transitional condition during which obese persons carry comparatively lower health risks, has added to confusion about the true effect of visceral fat and subsequent long-term health risks. In this context, the evaluation of fat loss interventions, such as bariatric surgery, lifestyle changes (diet/exercise), and hormonal therapies require re-evaluation in light of evidence that progression to high-risk stages of obesity relies on metabolic status and that strategies to protect the metabolism may be useful in the prevention of metabolically unhealthy obesity. Typical calorie-based exercise and diet interventions have failed to reduce the prevalence of unhealthy obesity. Holistic lifestyle, psychological, hormonal, and pharmacological interventions for MHO, on the other hand, may at least prevent progression to metabolically unhealthy obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J Mathis
- International Medical Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan.
| | - Kiyoji Tanaka
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Hiramatsu
- International Medical Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8576, Japan
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8
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Dietary Intakes and Eating Behavior between Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obesity Phenotypes in Asian Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224796. [PMID: 36432482 PMCID: PMC9697734 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a critical role in the development of obesity and obesity-related morbidities. Our study aimed to evaluate the dietary food groups, nutrient intakes and eating behaviors of metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity phenotypes in an Asian cohort of children and adolescents. Participants (n = 52) were asked to record their diet using a 3-day food diary and intakes were analyzed using a nutrient software. Eating behavior was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) were defined based on criteria of metabolic syndrome. Children/adolescents with MUO consumed fewer whole grains (median: 0.00 (interquartile range: 0.00-0.00 g) vs. 18.5 g (0.00-69.8 g)) and less polyunsaturated fat (6.26% kcal (5.17-7.45% kcal) vs. 6.92% kcal (5.85-9.02% kcal)), and had lower cognitive dietary restraint (15.0 (13.0-17.0) vs. 16.0 (14.0-19.0)) compared to children/adolescents with MHO. Deep fried food, fast food and processed convenience food were positively associated with both systolic (β: 2.84, 95%CI: 0.95-6.62) and diastolic blood pressure (β: 4.83, 95%CI: 0.61-9.04). Higher polyunsaturated fat intake (OR: 0.529, 95%CI: 0.284-0.986) and cognitive dietary restraint (OR: 0.681, 95%CI: 0.472-0.984) were associated with a lower risk of the MUO phenotype. A healthier diet composition and positive eating behavior may contribute to favorable metabolic outcomes in children and adolescents with obesity.
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Killeen SL, Byrne DF, Geraghty AA, Yelverton CA, van Sinderen D, Cotter PD, Murphy EF, O’Reilly SL, McAuliffe FM. Recruiting and Engaging Women of Reproductive Age with Obesity: Insights from A Mixed-Methods Study within A Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13832. [PMID: 36360712 PMCID: PMC9658053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Engaging women with obesity in health-related studies during preconception is challenging. Limited data exists relating to their participation. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences and opinions of women participating in a weight-related, preconception trial. This is an explanatory sequential (quan-QUAL) mixed-methods Study Within A Trial, embedded in the GetGutsy randomized controlled trial (ISRCTN11295995). Screened participants completed an online survey of eight questions (single or multiple choice and Likert scale) on recruitment, motivations and opinions on study activities. Participants with abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 80 cm) were invited to a subsequent semi-structured, online focus group (n = 2, 9 participants) that was transcribed and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis, with a pragmatic epistemological approach. The survey (n = 102) showed the main research participation motivations were supporting health research (n = 38, 37.3%) and wanting health screening (n = 30, 29.4%). Most participants were recruited via email (n = 35, 34.7%) or social media (n = 15, 14.7%). In the FGs, participants valued flexibility, convenience and. research methods that aligned with their lifestyles. Participants had an expanded view of health that considered emotional well-being and balance alongside more traditional medical assessments. Clinical trialists should consider well-being, addressing the interconnectedness of health and incorporate a variety of research activities to engage women of reproductive age with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Louise Killeen
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
| | - David F. Byrne
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aisling A. Geraghty
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cara A. Yelverton
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Research Institute, National University of Ireland, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, National University of Ireland, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Research Institute, National University of Ireland, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland
| | - Eileen F. Murphy
- Precision Biotics Ltd. (Novozymes Cork), Cork Airport Business Park, Kinsale Road, T12 D292 Cork, Ireland
| | - Sharleen L. O’Reilly
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
- UCD Perinatal Research Centre, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, National Maternity Hospital, D02 YH21 Dublin, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Research Institute, National University of Ireland, T12 K8AF Cork, Ireland
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10
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Ciobanu D, Bala C, Rusu A, Roman G. AMINO ACIDS METABOLOMIC SIGNATURE OF BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY In Type 2 Diabetes. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2022; 18:494-501. [PMID: 37152871 PMCID: PMC10162828 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2022.494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Context Accumulating data supports the key role of disrupted amino acids (AAs) metabolism in diabetes. Conflicting data regarding the relevance of serum AAs in diabetes and hypertension suggest that their relationship needs further investigation. Objective To investigate serum AAs as biomarkers of increased BP variability evaluated during 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring in the presence of type 2 diabetes. Design Cross-sectional. Subjects and Methods We analyzed serum AAs using targeted metabolomics (ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry) in patients with type 2 diabetes (n=80). BP variability was assessed using 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Participants were divided into two groups based on the 24-hour diastolic BP variability median value. Results Aspartic acid, isoleucine, leucine, and phenylalanine were significantly lower, while glutamine was significantly higher in the group with higher diastolic BP variability (p-value <0.05 and variable importance in the projection >1). Corresponding pathways identified as disrupted in patients with diabetes and a higher 24-hour diastolic BP variability were phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism (pathway impact value >0). Conclusions We identified specific changes in serum AAs and target AAs pathways in relation to increased 24-hour diastolic BP variability in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.M. Ciobanu
- “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine − Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj − Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - C. Bala
- “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine − Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj − Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A. Rusu
- “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine − Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj − Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - G. Roman
- “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine − Diabetes and Nutrition Diseases
- Emergency Clinical County Hospital Cluj − Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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11
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Mir FA, Ullah E, Mall R, Iskandarani A, Samra TA, Cyprian F, Parray A, Alkasem M, Abdalhakam I, Farooq F, Abou-Samra AB. Dysregulated Metabolic Pathways in Subjects with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179821. [PMID: 36077214 PMCID: PMC9456113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity coexists with variable features of metabolic syndrome, which is associated with dysregulated metabolic pathways. We assessed potential associations between serum metabolites and features of metabolic syndrome in Arabic subjects with obesity. Methods: We analyzed a dataset of 39 subjects with obesity only (OBO, n = 18) age-matched to subjects with obesity and metabolic syndrome (OBM, n = 21). We measured 1069 serum metabolites and correlated them to clinical features. Results: A total of 83 metabolites, mostly lipids, were significantly different (p < 0.05) between the two groups. Among lipids, 22 sphingomyelins were decreased in OBM compared to OBO. Among non-lipids, quinolinate, kynurenine, and tryptophan were also decreased in OBM compared to OBO. Sphingomyelin is negatively correlated with glucose, HbA1C, insulin, and triglycerides but positively correlated with HDL, LDL, and cholesterol. Differentially enriched pathways include lysine degradation, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism, fructose and mannose metabolism, and galactose metabolism. Conclusions: Metabolites and pathways associated with chronic inflammation are differentially expressed in subjects with obesity and metabolic syndrome compared to subjects with obesity but without the clinical features of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fayaz Ahmad Mir
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Correspondence: (F.A.M.); (E.U.)
| | - Ehsan Ullah
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Correspondence: (F.A.M.); (E.U.)
| | - Raghvendra Mall
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38104, USA
| | - Ahmad Iskandarani
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tareq A. Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Farhan Cyprian
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aijaz Parray
- Qatar Neuroscience Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Meis Alkasem
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahem Abdalhakam
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Faisal Farooq
- Qatar Computing Research Institute (QCRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
- Qatar Metabolic Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Takic M, Pokimica B, Petrovic-Oggiano G, Popovic T. Effects of Dietary α-Linolenic Acid Treatment and the Efficiency of Its Conversion to Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids in Obesity and Related Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144471. [PMID: 35889342 PMCID: PMC9317994 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is present in high amounts in oils such as flaxseed, soy, hemp, rapeseed, chia, and perilla, while stearidonic acid is abundant in echium oil. ALA is metabolized to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) by desaturases and elongases in humans. The conversion of ALA to EPA and DHA is limited, and these long-chain n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are mainly provided from dietary sources (fish and seafood). This review provides an overview of studies that explored the effects of dietary supplementation with ALA in obesity and related diseases. The obesity-associated changes of desaturase and elongase activities are summarized, as they could influence the metabolic conversion of ALA. Generally, supplementation with ALA or ALA-rich oils leads to an increase in EPA levels and has no effect on DHA or omega-3 index. According to the literature data, stearidonic acid could enhance conversion of ALA to long-chain n−3 PUFA in obesity. Recent studies confirm that EPA and DHA intake should be considered as a primary dietary treatment strategy for improving the omega-3 index in obesity and related diseases.
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13
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Ott F, Körner C, Werner K, Gericke M, Liebscher I, Lobsien D, Radrezza S, Shevchenko A, Hofmann U, Kratzsch J, Gebhardt R, Berg T, Matz-Soja M. Hepatic Hedgehog Signaling Participates in the Crosstalk between Liver and Adipose Tissue in Mice by Regulating FGF21. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101680. [PMID: 35626717 PMCID: PMC9139566 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hedgehog signaling pathway regulates many processes during embryogenesis and the homeostasis of adult organs. Recent data suggest that central metabolic processes and signaling cascades in the liver are controlled by the Hedgehog pathway and that changes in hepatic Hedgehog activity also affect peripheral tissues, such as the reproductive organs in females. Here, we show that hepatocyte-specific deletion of the Hedgehog pathway is associated with the dramatic expansion of adipose tissue in mice, the overall phenotype of which does not correspond to the classical outcome of insulin resistance-associated diabetes type 2 obesity. Rather, we show that alterations in the Hedgehog signaling pathway in the liver lead to a metabolic phenotype that is resembling metabolically healthy obesity. Mechanistically, we identified an indirect influence on the hepatic secretion of the fibroblast growth factor 21, which is regulated by a series of signaling cascades that are directly transcriptionally linked to the activity of the Hedgehog transcription factor GLI1. The results of this study impressively show that the metabolic balance of the entire organism is maintained via the activity of morphogenic signaling pathways, such as the Hedgehog cascade. Obviously, several pathways are orchestrated to facilitate liver metabolic status to peripheral organs, such as adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritzi Ott
- Rudolf-Schönheimer Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.O.); (C.K.); (K.W.); (I.L.); (R.G.)
- Division of Hepatology, Clinic and Polyclinic for Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases, and Pneumology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Christiane Körner
- Rudolf-Schönheimer Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.O.); (C.K.); (K.W.); (I.L.); (R.G.)
- Division of Hepatology, Clinic and Polyclinic for Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases, and Pneumology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Kim Werner
- Rudolf-Schönheimer Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.O.); (C.K.); (K.W.); (I.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Martin Gericke
- Institute for Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Ines Liebscher
- Rudolf-Schönheimer Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.O.); (C.K.); (K.W.); (I.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Donald Lobsien
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Helios Clinic Erfurt, 99089 Erfurt, Germany;
- Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Silvia Radrezza
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (S.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Andrej Shevchenko
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (S.R.); (A.S.)
| | - Ute Hofmann
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany;
| | - Jürgen Kratzsch
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Rolf Gebhardt
- Rudolf-Schönheimer Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.O.); (C.K.); (K.W.); (I.L.); (R.G.)
| | - Thomas Berg
- Division of Hepatology, Clinic and Polyclinic for Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases, and Pneumology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Madlen Matz-Soja
- Rudolf-Schönheimer Institute for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (F.O.); (C.K.); (K.W.); (I.L.); (R.G.)
- Division of Hepatology, Clinic and Polyclinic for Oncology, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectious Diseases, and Pneumology, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Correspondence:
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14
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Zheng H, Ji H, Fan K, Xu H, Huang Y, Zheng Y, Xu Q, Li C, Zhao L, Li Y, Gao H. Targeting Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolism with Dendrobium officinale Dietary Fiber to Prevent Obesity and Improve Glucose Homeostasis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100772. [PMID: 35225418 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Obesity is becoming a major public health problem due to excess dietary fat intake. Dendrobium officinale (D. officinale) is a medicine food homology plant and exerts multiple health-promoting effects. However, its antiobesity effects and the potential mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice are administered D. officinale dietary fiber (DODF) daily by gavage for 11 weeks. The results show that treatment with DODF alleviates obesity, liver steatosis, inflammation, and oxidant stress in HFD-induced obese mice. Improved glucose homeostasis in obese mice after DODF treatment is achieved by enhancing insulin pathway and hepatic glycogen synthesis. DODF restructures the gut microbiota in obese mice by decreasing the relative abundance of Bilophila and increasing the relative abundances of Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, and Muribaculum. Also, DODF reshapes the metabolic phenotype of obese mice as indicated by up-regulating energy metabolism, increasing acetate and taurine, and reducing serum low density/very low density lipoproteins (LDL/VLDL). These beneficial effects are partly transferred by FMT, implying the gut microbiota as a target for the protective effect of DODF on obesity-related symptoms. CONCLUSION The results suggest that DODF can be used as a novel prebiotics to maintain the gut microbial homeostasis and improve metabolic health, preventing obesity and related metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325400, China
| | - Hui Ji
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hangying Xu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yinli Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Pingyang Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325400, China
| | - Yafei Zheng
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liangcai Zhao
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
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15
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Lind L, Salihovic S, Sundström J, Elmståhl S, Hammar U, Dekkers K, Ärnlöv J, Smith JG, Engström G, Fall T. Metabolic Profiling of Obesity With and Without the Metabolic Syndrome: A Multisample Evaluation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:1337-1345. [PMID: 34984454 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT There is a dispute whether obesity without major metabolic derangements may represent a benign condition or not. OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare the plasma metabolome in obese subjects without metabolic syndrome (MetS) with normal-weight subjects without MetS and with obese subjects with MetS. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study at 2 academic centers in Sweden. Individuals from 3 population-based samples (EpiHealth, n = 2342, SCAPIS-Uppsala, n = 4985, and SCAPIS-Malmö, n = 3978) were divided into groups according to their body mass index (BMI) and presence/absence of MetS (National Cholesterol Education Program [NCEP]/consensus criteria). In total, 791 annotated endogenous metabolites were measured by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS We observed major differences in metabolite profiles (427 metabolites) between obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and normal-weight (BMI < 25 kg/m2) subjects without MetS after adjustment for major lifestyle factors. Pathway enrichment analysis highlighted branch-chained and aromatic amino acid synthesis/metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, and sphingolipid metabolism. The same pathways, and similar metabolites, were also highlighted when obese subjects with and without MetS were compared despite adjustment for BMI and waist circumference, or when the metabolites were related to BMI and number of MetS components in a continuous fashion. Similar metabolites and pathways were also related to insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) in a separate study (POEM, n = 501). CONCLUSION Our data suggest a graded derangement of the circulating metabolite profile from lean to obese to MetS, in particular for metabolites involved in amino acid synthesis/metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. Insulin resistance is a plausible mediator of this gradual metabolic deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Samira Salihovic
- Inflammatory Response and Infection Susceptibility Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Sölve Elmståhl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hammar
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Koen Dekkers
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - J Gustav Smith
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital , Lund, Sweden
- The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University and the Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
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Nelson AB, Chow LS, Stagg DB, Gillingham JR, Evans MD, Pan M, Hughey CC, Myers CL, Han X, Crawford PA, Puchalska P. Acute aerobic exercise reveals FAHFAs distinguish the metabolomes of overweight and normal weight runners. JCI Insight 2022; 7:158037. [PMID: 35192550 PMCID: PMC9057596 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Responses of the metabolome to acute aerobic exercise may predict maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and longer-term outcomes, including the development of diabetes and its complications. Methods Serum samples were collected from overweight/obese trained (OWT) and normal-weight trained (NWT) runners prior to and immediately after a supervised 90-minute treadmill run at 60% VO2max (NWT = 14, OWT = 11) in a cross-sectional study. We applied a liquid chromatography high-resolution–mass spectrometry–based untargeted metabolomics platform to evaluate the effect of acute aerobic exercise on the serum metabolome. Results NWT and OWT metabolic profiles shared increased circulating acylcarnitines and free fatty acids (FFAs) with exercise, while intermediates of adenine metabolism, inosine, and hypoxanthine were strongly correlated with body fat percentage and VO2max. Untargeted metabolomics-guided follow-up quantitative lipidomic analysis revealed that baseline levels of fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) were generally diminished in the OWT group. FAHFAs negatively correlated with visceral fat mass and HOMA-IR. Strikingly, a 4-fold decrease in FAHFAs was provoked by acute aerobic running in NWT participants, an effect that negatively correlated with circulating IL-6; these effects were not observed in the OWT group. Machine learning models based on a preexercise metabolite profile that included FAHFAs, FFAs, and adenine intermediates predicted VO2max. Conclusion These findings in overweight human participants and healthy controls indicate that exercise-provoked changes in FAHFAs distinguish normal-weight from overweight participants and could predict VO2max. These results support the notion that FAHFAs could modulate the inflammatory response, fuel utilization, and insulin resistance. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02150889. Funding NIH DK091538, AG069781, DK098203, TR000114, UL1TR002494.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa B Nelson
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Lisa S Chow
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - David B Stagg
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Jacob R Gillingham
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Michael D Evans
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Meixia Pan
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Curtis C Hughey
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Chad L Myers
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Xianlin Han
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Peter A Crawford
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - Patrycja Puchalska
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
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17
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Muresan AA, Rusu A, Roman G, Bala C. METABOLOMIC ANALYSIS OF NORMAL WEIGHT, HEALTHY AND UNHEALTHY OBESITY: AMINO ACID CHANGE ACROSS THE SPECTRUM OF METABOLIC WELLBEING IN WOMEN. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2021; 17:427-431. [PMID: 35747872 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2021.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Context Obesity is a complex and heterogeneous disorder with multiple phenotypes described. Although metabolomic biomarkers of obesity have been extensively studied, biomarkers of obesity phenotypes and differences between these phenotypes and normal-weight (NW) persons have been less investigated. Objective The objective of this cross-sectional analysis was to investigate serum amino acids (AA) as markers of metabolic alterations in obesity phenotypes and NW. Design Cross-sectional. Subjects and Methods By targeted metabolomics we analyzed serum samples of 70 women using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Participants were divided into 3 groups: NW, metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUHO). Results Five AAs were significantly different between study groups: cysteine, methionine, asparagine, glutamine, and lysine (p-value <0.05 and variable importance in the projection >1). Cysteine increased linearly with metabolic unwellness from NW to MUHO. Lysine and glutamine were significantly higher, and asparagine was significantly lower in NW and MHO than in MUHO. Conclusions By trend and group analysis we identified specific changes in serum AAs along with the progression of metabolically unwellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Muresan
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy - Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - A Rusu
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy - Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - G Roman
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy - Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - C Bala
- "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy - Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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18
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Allegretti JR, Kassam Z, Hurtado J, Marchesi JR, Mullish BH, Chiang A, Thompson CC, Cummings BP. Impact of fecal microbiota transplantation with capsules on the prevention of metabolic syndrome among patients with obesity. Hormones (Athens) 2021; 20:209-211. [PMID: 33420959 PMCID: PMC8432937 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-020-00265-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been studied for the treatment of metabolic syndrome with varying success. However, the possibility of utilizing FMT to prevent metabolic syndrome is to date unknown. METHODS Secondary analysis of a previously published double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial of FMT in obese metabolically healthy patients was conducted. Post-prandial glucose and insulin levels were measured (NCT02741518). RESULTS A total of 22 patients were enrolled, 11 in each arm. There were no baseline differences in the area under the curve (AUC) of glucose or insulin in the FMT group compared to placebo. There was a significant change in glucose AUC at week 12 compared to baseline, and in the insulin AUC at week 6 compared to baseline in the FMT group vs. placebo (change in glucose AUC (mg/dl × 60 min): 579 vs 1978, p = 0.03) (change in insulin AUC (μU/ml × 60 min): 137 vs 2728, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that FMT may have a potential role in preventing the development of metabolic syndrome in patients with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Allegretti
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Zain Kassam
- Finch Therapeutics Group, Somerville, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Hurtado
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Julian R Marchesi
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin H Mullish
- Division of Integrative Systems Medicine and Digestive Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Austin Chiang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher C Thompson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Bethany P Cummings
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
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19
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Wood T, Kenneally S, Birrell F. What the obesity epidemic does not need: A cancel culture. LIFESTYLE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/lim2.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wood
- Department of Pediatrics University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Sue Kenneally
- Aneurin Bevin University Health Board British Society of Lifestyle Medicine Cardiff UK
| | - Fraser Birrell
- Department of Rheumatology Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust Ashington UK
- MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA) Liverpool UK
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20
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Cheng D, Zhao X, Yang S, Cui H, Wang G. Metabolomic Signature Between Metabolically Healthy Overweight/Obese and Metabolically Unhealthy Overweight/Obese: A Systematic Review. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:991-1010. [PMID: 33692630 PMCID: PMC7939496 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s294894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical manifestations of overweight/obesity are heterogeneous and complex. In contrast to metabolically unhealthy overweight/obese (MUO), a particular sub-group of obese patients who are considered as metabolically healthy overweight/obese (MHO), display favorable metabolic profiles characterized by high levels of insulin sensitivity, normal blood pressure, as well as favorable lipid, inflammation, hormone, liver enzyme, and immune profiles. While only a few available studies focused on the metabolic files underlying the obese phenotypes, the current review aimed to perform a systematic review of available studies focusing on describing the metabolomic signature between MUO and MHO. We did the systematic search for literature on MEDLINE (PubMed), the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and searched for the references of relevant manuscripts from inception to 29 May 2020. After critical selection, 20 studies were eligible for this systematic review and evaluated by using QUADOMICS for quality assessment. Eventually, 12 of 20 studies were classified as "high quality". Branched-chain amino acids (isoleucine, leucine, and valine), aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine), lipids (palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid), and acylcarnitines (propionyl carnitine) levels might be elevated in MUO. The current results suggested that MHO showed a favorable trend in the overall metabolic signature. More longitudinal studies are needed to elaborate deeply on the metabolic pathway and the relationship between metabolic patterns and the occurrence of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihe Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiying Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guixia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guixia Wang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +15843081103 Email
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