1
|
Li D, Taylor A, Shi H, Zhou F, Li P, Joshi J, Zhu W, Wang S. Peptide-Guided Nanoparticle Drug Delivery for Cardiomyocytes. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:47. [PMID: 38248477 PMCID: PMC10812947 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively utilized as a drug delivery system to control the release of therapeutic agents to treat cardiac injuries. However, despite the advantages of utilizing NP-based drug delivery for treating heart diseases, the current delivery system lacks specificity in targeting the cardiac tissue, thus limiting its application. METHODS We created three linear peptides, each consisting of 16-24 amino acids. These peptides were conjugated on the surface of NPs, resulting in the formation of cardiac targeting peptide (CTP)-NPs (designated as CTP-NP1, CTP-NP2, and CTP-NP3). To assess their effectiveness, we compared the binding efficiency of these three CTP-NPs to human and mouse cardiomyocytes. Additionally, we determined their distribution 24 h after injecting the CTP-NPs intravenously into adult C57BL/6J mice. RESULTS When compared to control NPs without CTP (Con-NPs), all three CTP-NPs exhibited significantly increased binding affinity to both human and mouse cardiomyocytes in vitro and enhanced retention in mouse hearts in vivo. A thorough assessment of the heart sections demonstrated that the binding specificity of CTP-NP3 to cardiomyocytes in vivo was significantly greater than that of Con-NPs. None of the three CTP-NPs were proven to cause cardiomyocyte apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Biocompatible and safe CTP-NP3 can target the heart via binding to cardiomyocytes. This approach of targeting specific molecules-coated NPs may help in delivering therapeutic compounds to cardiomyocytes for the treatment of heart diseases with high efficacy and low toxicity to other tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Austin Taylor
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Haiwang Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Fang Zhou
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Pengsheng Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Jyotsna Joshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Wuqiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Shu Wang
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kar A, Gupta S, Matilal A, Kumar D, Sarkar S. Nanotherapeutics for the Myocardium: A Potential Alternative for Treating Cardiac Diseases. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2023; 82:180-188. [PMID: 37341530 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the foremost cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current clinical interventions include invasive approaches for progressed conditions and pharmacological assistance for initial stages, which has systemic side effects. Preventive, curative, diagnostic, and theranostic (therapeutic + diagnostic) approaches till date are not very useful in combating the ongoing CVD epidemic, which demands a promising efficient alternative approach. To combat the growing CVD outbreak globally, the ideal strategy is to make the therapeutic intervention least invasive and direct to the heart to reduce the bystander effects on other organs and increase the bioavailability of the therapeutics to the myocardium. The application of nanoscience and nanoparticle-mediated approaches have gained a lot of momentum because of their efficient passive and active myocardium targeting capability owing to their improved specificity and controlled release. This review provides extensive insight into the various types of nanoparticles available for CVDs, their mechanisms of targeting (eg, direct or indirect), and the utmost need for further development of bench-to-bedside cardiac tissue-based nanomedicines. Furthermore, the review aims to summarize the different ideas and methods of nanoparticle-mediated therapeutic approaches to the myocardium till date with present clinical trials and future perspectives. This review also reflects the potential of such nanoparticle-mediated tissue-targeted therapies to contribute to the sustainable development goals of good health and well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhik Kar
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Su M, Cui J, Zhao J, Fu X. Skimmin ameliorates cardiac function via the regulation of M2 macrophages in a myocardial infarction mouse model. Perfusion 2023; 38:1298-1307. [PMID: 35532100 DOI: 10.1177/02676591221100742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Myocardial infarction (MI) is a coronary artery disorder with several complications, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiac fibrosis. The current study is aimed to explore the protective effect of skimmin (SKI) on impaired heart tissues in MI. METHODS A mouse model of MI was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery. SKI was intragastric administration for 7 days after MI. Masson staining was then conducted to measure the area of fibrosis in the myocardium. The expression levels of collagen I and collagen III were analyzed using Western blot. The levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and inflammatory factor were also detected. The expression of M1 polarization markers and M2 polarization markers in mice and LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. Finally, the migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in vitro were analyzed using transwell and EDU, respectively. RESULTS SKI improved cardiac function and cardiac fibrosis in mice with MI. SKI also decreased collagen I and collagen III expression, and inhibited inflammatory factor TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels. SKI decreased the levels of MDA and increased the levels of GSH and SOD. Meanwhile, SKI could promote M2 macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro. SKI could also repress the migration and proliferation of VSMCs. CONCLUSIONS SKI may ameliorate inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiac fibrosis of MI by promoting M2 polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manxia Su
- Department of Comprehensive Geriatric Health Care, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Qingzhou, China
| | - Jingming Cui
- Office of Returning Visit, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Qingzhou, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Comprehensive Geriatric Health Care, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Qingzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Soni SS, D'Elia AM, Rodell CB. Control of the post-infarct immune microenvironment through biotherapeutic and biomaterial-based approaches. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1983-2014. [PMID: 36763330 PMCID: PMC9913034 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart failure (IHF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, for which heart transplantation remains the only definitive treatment. IHF manifests from myocardial infarction (MI) that initiates tissue remodeling processes, mediated by mechanical changes in the tissue (loss of contractility, softening of the myocardium) that are interdependent with cellular mechanisms (cardiomyocyte death, inflammatory response). The early remodeling phase is characterized by robust inflammation that is necessary for tissue debridement and the initiation of repair processes. While later transition toward an immunoregenerative function is desirable, functional reorientation from an inflammatory to reparatory environment is often lacking, trapping the heart in a chronically inflamed state that perpetuates cardiomyocyte death, ventricular dilatation, excess fibrosis, and progressive IHF. Therapies can redirect the immune microenvironment, including biotherapeutic and biomaterial-based approaches. In this review, we outline these existing approaches, with a particular focus on the immunomodulatory effects of therapeutics (small molecule drugs, biomolecules, and cell or cell-derived products). Cardioprotective strategies, often focusing on immunosuppression, have shown promise in pre-clinical and clinical trials. However, immunoregenerative therapies are emerging that often benefit from exacerbating early inflammation. Biomaterials can be used to enhance these therapies as a result of their intrinsic immunomodulatory properties, parallel mechanisms of action (e.g., mechanical restraint), or by enabling cell or tissue-targeted delivery. We further discuss translatability and the continued progress of technologies and procedures that contribute to the bench-to-bedside development of these critically needed treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shreya S Soni
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Arielle M D'Elia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christopher B Rodell
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen A, Mesfin JM, Gianneschi NC, Christman KL. Intravascularly Deliverable Biomaterial Platforms for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Post-Myocardial Infarction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300603. [PMID: 36989469 PMCID: PMC10539487 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Each year, nearly 19 million people die of cardiovascular disease with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction (MI) as the leading cause of the progression of heart failure. Due to the high risk associated with surgical procedures, a variety of minimally invasive therapeutics aimed at tissue repair and regeneration are being developed. While biomaterials delivered via intramyocardial injection have shown promise, there are challenges associated with delivery in acute MI. In contrast, intravascularly injectable biomaterials are a desirable category of therapeutics due to their ability to be delivered immediately post-MI via less invasive methods. In addition to passive diffusion into the infarct, these biomaterials can be designed to target the molecular and cellular characteristics seen in MI pathophysiology, such as cells and proteins present in the ischemic myocardium, to reduce off-target localization. These injectable materials can also be stimuli-responsive through enzymes or chemical imbalances. This review outlines the natural and synthetic biomaterial designs that allow for retention and accumulation within the infarct via intravascular delivery, including intracoronary infusion and intravenous injection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Chen
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Joshua M. Mesfin
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nathan C. Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, International Institute for Nanotechnology, Simpson-Querrey Institute, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Karen L. Christman
- Shu Chien-Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ning Y, Huang P, Chen G, Xiong Y, Gong Z, Wu C, Xu J, Jiang W, Li X, Tang R, Zhang L, Hu M, Xu J, Xu J, Qian H, Jin C, Yang Y. Atorvastatin-pretreated mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles promote cardiac repair after myocardial infarction via shifting macrophage polarization by targeting microRNA-139-3p/Stat1 pathway. BMC Med 2023; 21:96. [PMID: 36927608 PMCID: PMC10022054 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pretreated with atorvastatin (ATV) (MSCATV-EV) have a superior cardiac repair effect on acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The mechanisms, however, have not been fully elucidated. This study aims to explore whether inflammation alleviation of infarct region via macrophage polarization plays a key role in the efficacy of MSCATV-EV. METHODS MSCATV-EV or MSC-EV were intramyocardially injected 30 min after coronary ligation in AMI rats. Macrophage infiltration and polarization (day 3), cardiac function (days 0, 3, 7, 28), and infarct size (day 28) were measured. EV small RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were conducted for differentially expressed miRNAs between MSCATV-EV and MSC-EV. Macrophages were isolated from rat bone marrow for molecular mechanism analysis. miRNA mimics or inhibitors were transfected into EVs or macrophages to analyze its effects on macrophage polarization and cardiac repair in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS MSCATV-EV significantly reduced the amount of CD68+ total macrophages and increased CD206+ M2 macrophages of infarct zone on day 3 after AMI compared with MSC-EV group (P < 0.01-0.0001). On day 28, MSCATV-EV much more significantly improved the cardiac function than MSC-EV with the infarct size markedly reduced (P < 0.05-0.0001). In vitro, MSCATV-EV also significantly reduced the protein and mRNA expressions of M1 markers but increased those of M2 markers in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophages (P < 0.05-0.0001). EV miR-139-3p was identified as a potential cardiac repair factor mediating macrophage polarization. Knockdown of miR-139-3p in MSCATV-EV significantly attenuated while overexpression of it in MSC-EV enhanced the effect on promoting M2 polarization by suppressing downstream signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (Stat1). Furthermore, MSCATV-EV loaded with miR-139-3p inhibitors decreased while MSC-EV loaded with miR-139-3p mimics increased the expressions of M2 markers and cardioprotective efficacy. CONCLUSIONS We uncovered a novel mechanism that MSCATV-EV remarkably facilitate cardiac repair in AMI by promoting macrophage polarization via miR-139-3p/Stat1 pathway, which has the great potential for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ning
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peisen Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Zhaoting Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Chunxiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Junyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Wenyang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xiaosong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Ruijie Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Mengjin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Haiyan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Chen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yuejin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, No.167 North Lishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gene Therapy for Cardiomyocyte Renewal: Cell Cycle, a Potential Therapeutic Target. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:129-140. [PMID: 36512179 PMCID: PMC10123801 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease is the primary cause of death worldwide. Even though extensive research has been done, and many pharmacological and surgical treatments have been introduced to treat heart disease, the mortality rate still remains high. Gene therapy is widely used to understand molecular mechanisms of myocardial infarction and to treat cardiomyocyte loss. It was reported that adult cardiomyocytes proliferate at a very low rate; thus, targeting their proliferation has become a new regenerative therapeutic approach. Currently, re-activating cardiomyocyte proliferation appears to be one of the most promising methods to promote adult cardiomyocyte renewal. In this article, we highlight gene therapeutic targets of cell proliferation presently being pursued to re-activate the cell cycle of cardiomyocytes, including cell cycle regulators, transcription factors, microRNAs, signal transduction, and other contributing factors. We also summarize gene delivery vectors that have been used in cardiac research and major challenges to be overcome in the translation to the clinical approach and future directions.
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Q, Li Y, Shi Y, Tan J, Yan W, Zhang J, Gao P, Yan S. The protective effect of gamma aminobutyric acid B receptor activation on sympathetic nerve remodeling via the regulation of M2 macrophage polarization after myocardial infarction. Rev Port Cardiol 2023; 42:125-135. [PMID: 36759072 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in coronary heart disease is a leading cause of sudden death primarily due to malignant ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammation-induced overactivation of sympathetic nerves are the major cause of VAs in AMI pathophysiological processes. Type 2 macrophages play an anti-inflammatory role in AMI. Targeting macrophages may be a therapeutic strategy to prevent VAs post AMI. We found that gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) promotes macrophages polarized to M2 and hypothesized that GABA might exert anti-inflammatory effects by promoting type 2 macrophage polarization in AMI. We aim to characterized GABAB receptor distribution, function, and mechanisms in M2 macrophage polarization and explored the functional aspect of GABAB receptor activation in sympathetic remodeling. RESULTS Gamma aminobutyric acid B receptors were expressed on macrophage surface both in vitro and in vivo. GABAB receptor agonist baclofen, GABA promoted macrophage switch to M2. While GABAB receptor antagonist CGP52432 blocked a baclofen induced switch to M2 polarization. GABA and baclofen increased M2 macrophage percentage and CGP52432 blocked this process in vivo. Also, IL-10 and TGF-β1 released by M2 were increased in both AMI and baclofen/AMI group; Serum NE levels were decreased by baclofen. All the above effects were reversed by CGP52432 treatment. Baclofen decreased TH and GAP-43 staining while CGP52432 enhanced their expression post AMI indicating GABAB receptor activation inhibited sympathetic nerve sprouting and activity by reducing NE release. CONCLUSIONS Gamma aminobutyric acid B receptor activation promoted M2 polarization and protested AMI heart by regulating sympathetic nerve remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Cardiology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Translational Medical Research Center, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China
| | - Yugen Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China
| | - Jiayu Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China
| | - Wenju Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Junyi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Translational Medical Research Center, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong, China; Translational Medical Research Center, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China; Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yap J, Irei J, Lozano-Gerona J, Vanapruks S, Bishop T, Boisvert WA. Macrophages in cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:373-385. [PMID: 36627513 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI), as a result of thrombosis or vascular occlusion, is the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality among all cardiovascular diseases. The devastating consequences of MI are compounded by the complexities of cellular functions involved in the initiation and resolution of early-onset inflammation and the longer-term effects related to scar formation. The resultant tissue damage can occur as early as 1 h after MI and activates inflammatory signalling pathways to elicit an immune response. Macrophages are one of the most active cell types during all stages after MI, including the cardioprotective, inflammatory and tissue repair phases. In this Review, we describe the phenotypes of cardiac macrophage involved in MI and their cardioprotective functions. A specific subset of macrophages called resident cardiac macrophages (RCMs) are derived from yolk sac progenitor cells and are maintained as a self-renewing population, although their numbers decrease with age. We explore sophisticated sequencing techniques that demonstrate the cardioprotective properties of this cardiac macrophage phenotype. Furthermore, we discuss the interactions between cardiac macrophages and other important cell types involved in the pathology and resolution of inflammation after MI. We summarize new and promising therapeutic approaches that target macrophage-mediated inflammation and the cardioprotective properties of RCMs after MI. Finally, we discuss future directions for the study of RCMs in MI and cardiovascular health in general.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Yap
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jason Irei
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Javier Lozano-Gerona
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Selena Vanapruks
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Tianmai Bishop
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - William A Boisvert
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang Y, Huang T, Zhang H, Li X, Shi S, Tian X, Huang Z, Zhang R, Liu Z, Cheng Y. Formononetin improves cardiac function and depressive behaviours in myocardial infarction with depression by targeting GSK-3β to regulate macrophage/microglial polarization. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154602. [PMID: 36610138 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common complication after myocardial infarction (MI) that can seriously affect the prognosis of MI. PURPOSE To investigate whether formononetin could ameliorate MI injury and depressive behaviours in a mouse model of MI with depression and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Haemodynamic measurements (systolic blood pressure (SYS), the maximum rate of rise of LV pressure (± dp/dtmax)) and behavior tests (tail suspension test, sucrose preference test, forced swimming test) were used to evaluate the effects of formononetin on male C57BL/6N mice after left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation and chronic unpredictable stress. RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence analysis, western blotting, molecular docking technology, surface plasmon resonance and gene-directed mutagenesis were used to clarify the underlying mechanism. RESULTS Formononetin significantly suppressed the depressive behaviours and improved cardiac dysfunction in MI with depression mice model. Formononetin inhibited M1 polarization in macrophages/microglia, while promoting M2 polarization. Importantly, elevated serum IL-6 and IL-17A levels were found in patient with MI, and the patient serum induced M1 microglial polarization; however, formononetin reversed the polarization. Further mechanistic studies showed that formononetin inhibited GSK-3β activity and downstream Notch1 and C/EBPα signaling pathways. Covalent molecular docking showed that formononetin bound to Cys199 of GSK-3β and it has a high affinity for GSK-3β. When Cys199 was mutation, the inhibitory effect of formononetin on GSK-3β activity and M1 polarization in macrophages/microglia were also partly blocked. CONCLUSIONS Our results firstly uncovered that formononetin improved cardiac function and suppressed depressive behaviours in mice after MI with depression by targeting GSK-3β to regulate macrophage/microglial polarization. More importantly, IL-6 and IL-17A produced after MI may cause neuroinflammation, which might be the key factors for depression. Formononetin may be a potential drug for treating MI with depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xuping Li
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Shuotao Shi
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Tian
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528333, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528333, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory for translational Cancer research of Chinese Medicine, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China; Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528333, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou Univ Chinese Med, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xu H, Li S, Liu YS. Nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular aging and related diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:231. [PMID: 35817770 PMCID: PMC9272665 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-induced alternations of vasculature structures, phenotypes, and functions are key in the occurrence and development of vascular aging-related diseases. Multiple molecular and cellular events, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, cellular senescence, and epigenetic alterations are highly associated with vascular aging physiopathology. Advances in nanoparticles and nanotechnology, which can realize sensitive diagnostic modalities, efficient medical treatment, and better prognosis as well as less adverse effects on non-target tissues, provide an amazing window in the field of vascular aging and related diseases. Throughout this review, we presented current knowledge on classification of nanoparticles and the relationship between vascular aging and related diseases. Importantly, we comprehensively summarized the potential of nanoparticles-based diagnostic and therapeutic techniques in vascular aging and related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, as well as chronic kidney diseases, and discussed the advantages and limitations of their clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
PCSK9 Modulates Macrophage Polarization-Mediated Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:7685796. [PMID: 35832650 PMCID: PMC9273409 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7685796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims An increasing number of high-risk patients with coronary heart disease (similar to acute myocardial infarction (AMI)) are using PCSK9 inhibitors. However, whether PCSK9 affects myocardial repair and the molecular mechanism of PCSK9 modulation of immune inflammation after AMI are not known. The present research investigated the role of PCSK9 in the immunomodulation of macrophages after AMI and provided evidence for the clinical application of PCSK9 inhibitors after AMI to improve cardiac repair. Methods and Results Wild-type C57BL6/J (WT) and PCSK9−/− mouse hearts were subjected to left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion to establish an AMI model. Correlation analysis showed that higher PCSK9 expression indicated worse cardiac function after AMI, and PCSK9 knockout reduced infarct size, improved cardiac function, and attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration compared to WT mice. Notably, the curative effects of PCSK9 inhibition were abolished after the systemic depletion of macrophages using clodronate liposomes. PCSK9 showed a regulatory effect on macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro. Our studies also revealed that activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB axis was a possible mechanism of PCSK9 regulation of macrophage polarization. Conclusion Our data suggested that PCSK9 modulated macrophage polarization-mediated ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.
Collapse
|
13
|
Yakupova EI, Maleev GV, Krivtsov AV, Plotnikov EY. Macrophage polarization in hypoxia and ischemia/reperfusion: Insights into the role of energetic metabolism. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:958-971. [PMID: 35220781 PMCID: PMC9189569 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221080130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages, the key cells of innate immunity, possess wide phenotypical and functional heterogeneity. In vitro studies showed that microenvironment signals could induce the so-called polarization of macrophages into two phenotypes: classically activated macrophages (M1) or alternatively activated macrophages (M2). Functionally, they are considered as proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory/pro-regenerative, respectively. However, in vivo studies into macrophage states revealed a continuum of phenotypes from M1 to M2 state instead of the clearly distinguished extreme phenotypes. An important role in determining the type of polarization of macrophages is played by energy metabolism, including the activity of oxidative phosphorylation. In this regard, hypoxia and ischemia that affect cellular energetics can modulate macrophage polarization. Here, we overview the data on macrophage polarization during metabolic shift-associated pathologies including ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion in various organs and discuss the role of energy metabolism potentially triggering the macrophage polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elmira I Yakupova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Russia
| | - Grigoriy V Maleev
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia
| | - Andrei V Krivtsov
- Center for Pediatric Cancer Therapeutics, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Strohbach A, Busch R. Predicting the In Vivo Performance of Cardiovascular Biomaterials: Current Approaches In Vitro Evaluation of Blood-Biomaterial Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111390. [PMID: 34768821 PMCID: PMC8583792 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of a cardiovascular device after implantation is highly dependent on the host-initiated complement and coagulation cascade. Both can eventually trigger thrombosis and inflammation. Therefore, understanding these initial responses of the body is of great importance for newly developed biomaterials. Subtle modulation of the associated biological processes could optimize clinical outcomes. However, our failure to produce truly blood compatible materials may reflect our inability to properly understand the mechanisms of thrombosis and inflammation associated with biomaterials. In vitro models mimicking these processes provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of biomaterial-induced complement activation and coagulation. Here, we review (i) the influence of biomaterials on complement and coagulation cascades, (ii) the significance of complement-coagulation interactions for the clinical success of cardiovascular implants, (iii) the modulation of complement activation by surface modifications, and (iv) in vitro testing strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Strohbach
- Department of Internal Medicine B Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42-44, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Raila Busch
- Department of Internal Medicine B Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Str., 17475 Greifswald, Germany;
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Fleischmannstr. 42-44, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pan Q, Xu J, Wen CJ, Xiong YY, Gong ZT, Yang YJ. Nanoparticles: Promising Tools for the Treatment and Prevention of Myocardial Infarction. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6719-6747. [PMID: 34621124 PMCID: PMC8491866 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s328723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite several recent advances, current therapy and prevention strategies for myocardial infarction are far from satisfactory, owing to limitations in their applicability and treatment effects. Nanoparticles (NPs) enable the targeted and stable delivery of therapeutic compounds, enhance tissue engineering processes, and regulate the behaviour of transplants such as stem cells. Thus, NPs may be more effective than other mechanisms, and may minimize potential adverse effects. This review provides evidence for the view that function-oriented systems are more practical than traditional material-based systems; it also summarizes the latest advances in NP-based strategies for the treatment and prevention of myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Cen-Jin Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Ting Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Non-Viral Gene Delivery Systems for Treatment of Myocardial Infarction: Targeting Strategies and Cardiac Cell Modulation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091520. [PMID: 34575595 PMCID: PMC8465433 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Conventional therapies involving surgery or pharmacological strategies have shown limited therapeutic effects due to a lack of cardiac tissue repair. Gene therapy has opened an avenue for the treatment of cardiac diseases through manipulating the underlying gene mechanics. Several gene therapies for cardiac diseases have been assessed in clinical trials, while the clinical translation greatly depends on the delivery technologies. Non-viral vectors are attracting much attention due to their safety and facile production compared to viral vectors. In this review, we discuss the recent progress of non-viral gene therapies for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, with a particular focus on myocardial infarction (MI). Through a summary of delivery strategies with which to target cardiac tissue and different cardiac cells for MI treatment, this review aims to inspire new insights into the design/exploitation of non-viral delivery systems for gene cargos to promote cardiac repair/regeneration.
Collapse
|
17
|
Berger AG, Chou JJ, Hammond PT. Approaches to Modulate the Chronic Wound Environment Using Localized Nucleic Acid Delivery. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:503-528. [PMID: 32496978 PMCID: PMC8260896 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Significance: Nonhealing wounds have been the subject of decades of basic and clinical research. Despite new knowledge about the biology of impaired wound healing, little progress has been made in treating chronic wounds, leaving patients with few therapeutic options. Diabetic ulcers are a particularly common form of nonhealing wound. Recent Advances: Recently, investigation of therapeutic nucleic acids (TNAs), including plasmid DNA, small interfering RNA, microRNA mimics, anti-microRNA oligonucleotides, messenger RNA, and antisense oligonucleotides, has created a new treatment strategy for chronic wounds. TNAs can modulate the wound toward a prohealing environment by targeting gene pathways associated with inflammation, proteases, cell motility, angiogenesis, epithelialization, and oxidative stress. A variety of delivery systems have been investigated for TNAs, including dendrimers, lipid nanoparticles (NPs), polymeric micelles, polyplexes, metal NPs, and hydrogels. This review summarizes recent developments in TNA delivery for therapeutic targets associated with chronic wounds, with an emphasis on diabetic ulcers. Critical Issues: Translational potential of TNAs remains a key challenge; we highlight some drug delivery approaches for TNAs that may hold promise. We also describe current commercial efforts to locally deliver nucleic acids to modulate the wound environment. Future Directions: Localized nucleic acid delivery holds promise for the treatment of nonhealing chronic wounds. Future efforts to improve targeting of these nucleic acid therapies in the wound with both spatial and temporal control through drug delivery systems will be crucial to successful clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam G. Berger
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Chou
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paula T. Hammond
- Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shan X, Zhang C, Mai C, Hu X, Cheng N, Chen W, Peng D, Wang L, Ji Z, Xie Y. The Biogenesis, Biological Functions, and Applications of Macrophage-Derived Exosomes. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:715461. [PMID: 34368234 PMCID: PMC8333870 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.715461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage-derived exosomes have been implicated on the modulation of inflammatory processes. Recent studies have shown that macrophage-derived exosomes contribute to the progression of many diseases such as cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes and heart failure. This review describes the biogenesis of macrophage-derived exosomes and their biological functions in different diseases. In addition, the challenges facing the use of macrophage-derived exosomes as delivery tools for drugs, genes, and proteins in clinical applications are described. The application of macrophage-derived exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Shan
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, , Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Caiyun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, , Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Chutian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, China
| | - Xuerui Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, , Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Nuo Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, , Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Weidong Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, , Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, , Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, , Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaojie Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, , Anhui University of Traditional Chinese MedicineHefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pluijmert NJ, Atsma DE, Quax PHA. Post-ischemic Myocardial Inflammatory Response: A Complex and Dynamic Process Susceptible to Immunomodulatory Therapies. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:647785. [PMID: 33996944 PMCID: PMC8113407 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.647785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Following acute occlusion of a coronary artery causing myocardial ischemia and implementing first-line treatment involving rapid reperfusion, a dynamic and balanced inflammatory response is initiated to repair and remove damaged cells. Paradoxically, restoration of myocardial blood flow exacerbates cell damage as a result of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI-R) injury, which eventually provokes accelerated apoptosis. In the end, the infarct size still corresponds to the subsequent risk of developing heart failure. Therefore, true understanding of the mechanisms regarding MI-R injury, and its contribution to cell damage and cell death, are of the utmost importance in the search for successful therapeutic interventions to finally prevent the onset of heart failure. This review focuses on the role of innate immunity, chemokines, cytokines, and inflammatory cells in all three overlapping phases following experimental, mainly murine, MI-R injury known as the inflammatory, reparative, and maturation phase. It provides a complete state-of-the-art overview including most current research of all post-ischemic processes and phases and additionally summarizes the use of immunomodulatory therapies translated into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niek J Pluijmert
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Douwe E Atsma
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Paul H A Quax
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mia MM, Cibi DM, Abdul Ghani SAB, Song W, Tee N, Ghosh S, Mao J, Olson EN, Singh MK. YAP/TAZ deficiency reprograms macrophage phenotype and improves infarct healing and cardiac function after myocardial infarction. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000941. [PMID: 33264286 PMCID: PMC7735680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) causes structural and functional changes in the heart leading to heart failure. The initial post-MI pro-inflammatory response followed by reparative or anti-inflammatory response is essential for minimizing the myocardial damage, healing, and scar formation. Bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) are recruited to the injured myocardium and are essential for cardiac repair as they can adopt both pro-inflammatory or reparative phenotypes to modulate inflammatory and reparative responses, respectively. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are the key mediators of the Hippo signaling pathway and are essential for cardiac regeneration and repair. However, their functions in macrophage polarization and post-MI inflammation, remodeling, and healing are not well established. Here, we demonstrate that expression of YAP and TAZ is increased in macrophages undergoing pro-inflammatory or reparative phenotype changes. Genetic deletion of YAP/TAZ leads to impaired pro-inflammatory and enhanced reparative response. Consistently, YAP activation enhanced pro-inflammatory and impaired reparative response. We show that YAP/TAZ promote pro-inflammatory response by increasing interleukin 6 (IL6) expression and impede reparative response by decreasing Arginase-I (Arg1) expression through interaction with the histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (NCoR1) repressor complex. These changes in macrophages polarization due to YAP/TAZ deletion results in reduced fibrosis, hypertrophy, and increased angiogenesis, leading to improved cardiac function after MI. Also, YAP activation augmented MI-induced cardiac fibrosis and remodeling. In summary, we identify YAP/TAZ as important regulators of macrophage-mediated pro-inflammatory or reparative responses post-MI. Adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction causes structural and functional changes in the heart, leading to heart failure. This study shows that the Hippo pathway influences post-injury cardiac inflammation by modulating macrophage polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masum M. Mia
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore. Singapore
| | - Dasan Mary Cibi
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore. Singapore
| | | | - Weihua Song
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nicole Tee
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore. Singapore
| | - Junhao Mao
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eric N. Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Manvendra K. Singh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore. Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fan C, Joshi J, Li F, Xu B, Khan M, Yang J, Zhu W. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery for Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:687. [PMID: 32671049 PMCID: PMC7326780 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of an adult cardiac tissue is insufficient to repair the massive loss of heart tissue, particularly cardiomyocytes (CMs), following ischemia or other catastrophic myocardial injuries. The delivery methods of therapeutics agents, such as small molecules, growth factors, exosomes, cells, and engineered tissues have significantly advanced in medical science. Furthermore, with the controlled release characteristics, nanoparticle (NP) systems carrying drugs are promising in enhancing the cardioprotective potential of drugs in patients with cardiac ischemic events. NPs can provide sustained exposure precisely to the infarcted heart via direct intramyocardial injection or intravenous injection with active targets. In this review, we present the recent advances and challenges of different types of NPs loaded with agents for the repair of myocardial infarcted heart tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengming Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jyotsna Joshi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Fan Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Mahmood Khan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jinfu Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wuqiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhou L, Wu Z, Wang G, Xiao L, Wang H, Sun L, Xie Y. Long-term maternal separation potentiates depressive-like behaviours and neuroinflammation in adult male C57/BL6J mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2020; 196:172953. [PMID: 32450088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2020.172953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Early life experience is closely related to depression caused by stress in adulthood. Early life experience, including maternal separation (MS), has been shown to evoke stress sensitivity to depression upon re-exposure to stress in adults. However, MS has also been shown to lead to resilience to stress-induced depression, which is contradictory and rarely studied. To investigate the effects of MS on depression in adults and the related mechanism, male C57/BL6J mouse pups were exposed to different MS procedures from postnatal day (PD)1 to PD21. Body weight (BW) measurements and behavioural tests (the forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT)) were performed on PD41 to explore depressive and anxiety-like behaviours. Then, as adults, the mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 28 days, and then behavioural tasks were recorded. After CUMS exposure, the mice in the MS180 group (which were separated from their mothers for 3 h on PD1-PD21) showed significantly decreased time spent in the centre of the open field and reduced velocity in the OFT, a reduced latency to immobility in the FST, and decreased BW. However, the mice in the MS15 group (which were separated from their mothers for 15 min on PD1-PD21) performed similarly to NSNC mice (which were not separated from their mothers) in the behavioural tests. We further found that the expression of Iba1, a marker of neuroinflammation, was increased in the MS180 group but not in the MS15 group. In addition, our study showed decreased mRNA and protein expression of CRMP2, an important neuroprotective factor, in the MS180 group, but CRMP2 expression was unchanged in the MS15 group. This study confirmed the generation of different behavioural responses to stress exposure in adulthood due to different degrees of MS. Neuroinflammation and neuroprotection are involved, which requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No. 238, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zuotian Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No. 238, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Gaohua Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No. 238, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Ling Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No. 238, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No. 238, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Limin Sun
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No. 238, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yumeng Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road No. 238, Wuhan 430060, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Susca MG, Hodas R, Benedek T, Benedek I, Chitu M, Opincariu D, Chiotoroiu A, Rezus C. Impact of cardiac rehabilitation programs on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction: Study Protocol Clinical Trial (SPIRIT Compliant). Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19759. [PMID: 32311978 PMCID: PMC7220465 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While the role of early mobilization in the immediate postinfarction period has been well demonstrated, little is known in present about the link between early mobilization and reduction of systemic inflammation. At the same time, the impact of early mobilization on regression of left ventricular remodeling has not been elucidated so far. MATERIAL AND METHODS Here we present the study protocol of the REHAB trial, a clinical descriptive, prospective study, conducted in a single-center, with the purpose to analyze the impact of early mobilization in reducing left ventricular remodeling, the complication rates and mortality in patients who had suffered a recent acute myocardial infarction (AMI). At the same time, the study aims to demonstrate the contribution of early mobilization to reduction of systemic inflammation, thus reducing the inflammation-mediated ventricular remodeling. 100 patients with AMI in the last 12 hours, and successful revascularization of the culprit artery within the first 12 hours after the onset of symptoms in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction or within first 48 hours in non ST-segment elevation AMI will be enrolled in the study. Based on the moment of mobilization after AMI patients will be distributed in 2 groups: group 1 - patients with early mobilization (<2 days after the onset of symptoms) and; group 2 - subjects with delayed mobilization after AMI (>2 days after the onset of symptoms). Study outcomes will consist in the impact of early mobilization after AMI on the ventricular remodeling in the post-infarction period, as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, the rate of in-hospital mortality, the rate of repeated revascularization or MACE and the effect of early mobilization on systemic inflammation in the immediate postinfarction phase. CONCLUSION In conclusion, REHAB will be the first trial that will elucidate the impact of early mobilization in the first period after AMI, as a first step of a complex cardiac rehabilitation program, to reduce systemic inflammation and prevent deleterious ventricular remodeling in patients who suffered a recent AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theodora Benedek
- Clinic of Cardiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures
- Department of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging, Cardio Med Medical Center, Targu Mures
| | - Imre Benedek
- Clinic of Cardiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures
| | - Monica Chitu
- Clinic of Cardiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures
| | - Diana Opincariu
- Clinic of Cardiology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures
- Department of Advanced Research in Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging, Cardio Med Medical Center, Targu Mures
| | - Andreea Chiotoroiu
- University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Gr.T.Popa’, Iasi, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Electroacupuncture preconditioning attenuates acute myocardial ischemia injury through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mice. Life Sci 2020; 248:117451. [PMID: 32088213 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Electro-acupuncture pretreatment (EAP) plays a protective role in myocardial ischemia (MI) injury. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. A growing body of evidence suggests postinfarction inflammatory response directly affects the remodeling of ventricular function. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether EAP alleviates MI through NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. MATERIALS AND METHODS We constructed an AMI model by ligating the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery after 3 days of EAP with C57BL/6 mice. Echocardiography and TTC staining were employed to evaluate cardiac function and infarct size after 24 h of ischemia. HE staining and immunohistochemistry were employed to determine inflammatory level. Then, inflammasome activation was detected by western blotting, and macrophage polarization and neutrophil infiltration were observed by flow cytometry. KEY FINDINGS Our preliminary findings showed that EAP reduced the infarct area and increased fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) and decreased the degree of inflammation after AMI injury. Meanwhile, EAP inhibited the expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1 and IL-1β in ischemia myocardial tissue, companied by inhibiting the expression of F4/80+, CD11b+, CD206low macrophages and activated M2 macrophage, and decreasing Ly-6G+CD11b+ neutrophils in ischemia myocardial and spleen tissue. SIGNIFICANCE EAP inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, promotes M2 polarization of macrophages and reduces the recruitment of neutrophils in damaged myocardium, thereby decreases the infarct size and improves the cardiac function.
Collapse
|
25
|
Moutal A, White KA, Chefdeville A, Laufmann RN, Vitiello PF, Feinstein D, Weimer JM, Khanna R. Dysregulation of CRMP2 Post-Translational Modifications Drive Its Pathological Functions. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:6736-6755. [PMID: 30915713 PMCID: PMC6728212 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1568-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) are a family of ubiquitously expressed, homologous phosphoproteins best known for coordinating cytoskeletal formation and regulating cellular division, migration, polarity, and synaptic connection. CRMP2, the most studied of the five family members, is best known for its affinity for tubulin heterodimers and function in regulating the microtubule network. These functions are tightly regulated by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, SUMOylation, oxidation, and O-GlcNAcylation. While CRMP2's physiological functions rely mostly on its non-phosphorylated state, dysregulation of CRMP2 phosphorylation and SUMOylation has been reported to be involved in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases including cancer, chronic pain, spinal cord injury, neurofibromatosis type 1, and others. Here, we provide a consolidated update on what is known about CRMP2 signaling and function, first focusing on axonal growth and neuronal polarity, then illustrating the link between dysregulated CRMP2 post-translational modifications and diseases. We additionally discuss the roles of CRMP2 in non-neuronal cells, both in the CNS and regions of the periphery. Finally, we offer thoughts on the therapeutic implications of modulating CRMP2 function in a variety of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aubin Moutal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Drive, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Katherine A White
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E 60th St N, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Aude Chefdeville
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Drive, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Rachel N Laufmann
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E 60th St N, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA
| | - Peter F Vitiello
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Drive, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Douglas Feinstein
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jill M Weimer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Drive, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, 1501 North Campbell Drive, P.O. Box 245050, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, 2301 E 60th St N, Sioux Falls, SD, 57104, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
- The Center for Innovation in Brain Sciences, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu S, Du Y, Shi K, Yang Y, Yang Z. Resveratrol improves cardiac function by promoting M2-like polarization of macrophages in mice with myocardial infarction. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:5212-5226. [PMID: 31497235 PMCID: PMC6731431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage polarization determines the transition from the inflammation phase to the inflammation resolution phase after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether resveratrol (RSV) could inhibit the inflammatory mediators associated with the regulation of macrophage phenotypes and functions in MI mice. We initially discovered that RSV significantly improved cardiac function and suppressed the expression of fibrosis markers, such as collagen-I, collagen-III, and fibronectin, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). RSV inhibited the expression of M1-like macrophage-related biomarkers (e.g., TNF-α and MCP-1) when bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (INF-γ). In contrast, it upregulated M2-like macrophage-related biomarkers (e.g., CD163 and Arg-1) when BMDMs were stimulated with interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). In addition, we found that RSV promoted M2-like macrophage polarization under anoxic conditions, which could be related to JAK2-SATA3 phosphorylation. In summary, RSV might promote anti-inflammatory M2-like polarization of macrophages after MI to improve cardiac function via the regulation of JAK2-SATA3 phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuiyuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yingqiang Du
- Department of Cardiology, The Affliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal HospitalSuzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Shi
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yaqing Yang
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Macrophages Are Key Regulators of Stem Cells during Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4761427. [PMID: 31396285 PMCID: PMC6664695 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4761427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is a closely regulated process that involves a variety of cell types such as satellite cells, myofibers, fibroadipogenic progenitors, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells. Among these different cell types, macrophages emerged as a central actor coordinating the different cellular interactions and biological processes. Particularly, the transition of macrophages from their proinflammatory to their anti-inflammatory phenotype was shown to regulate inflammation, myogenesis, fibrosis, vascularization, and return to homeostasis. On the other hand, deregulation of macrophage accumulation or polarization in chronic degenerative muscle disorders was shown to impair muscle regeneration. Considering the key roles of macrophages in skeletal muscle, they represent an attractive target for new therapeutic approaches aiming at mitigating various muscle disorders. This review aims at summarizing the novel insights into macrophage heterogeneity, plasticity, and functions in skeletal muscle homeostasis, regeneration, and disease.
Collapse
|
28
|
Xu JY, Xiong YY, Lu XT, Yang YJ. Regulation of Type 2 Immunity in Myocardial Infarction. Front Immunol 2019; 10:62. [PMID: 30761134 PMCID: PMC6362944 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 immunity participates in the pathogeneses of helminth infection and allergic diseases. Emerging evidence indicates that the components of type 2 immunity are also involved in maintaining metabolic hemostasis and facilitating the healing process after tissue injury. Numerous preclinical studies have suggested regulation of type 2 immunity-related cytokines, such as interleukin-4, -13, and -33, and cell types, such as M2 macrophages, mast cells, and eosinophils, affects cardiac functions after myocardial infarction (MI), providing new insights into the importance of immune modulation in the infarcted heart. This review provides an overview of the functions of these cytokines and cells in the setting of MI as well as their potential to predict the severity and prognosis of MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Lu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Philipp D, Suhr L, Wahlers T, Choi YH, Paunel-Görgülü A. Preconditioning of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells highly strengthens their potential to promote IL-6-dependent M2b polarization. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:286. [PMID: 30359316 PMCID: PMC6202843 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the last decade, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained much attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their capacity to differentiate into different cell types and to promote immunosuppressive effects. However, the underlying mechanism of MSC-mediated immunoregulation is not fully understood so far. Macrophages are distinguished in classical activated, pro-inflammatory M1 and alternatively activated M2 cells, which possess different functions and transcriptional profiles with respect to inflammatory responses. As polarization is not fixed, macrophage functional plasticity might be modulated by the microenvironment allowing them to rapidly react to danger signals and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Methods Murine MSCs were preconditioned with IL-1ß and IFN-ɣ to enhance their immunosuppressive capacity regarding macrophage polarization under M1- and M2a-polarizing conditions. Macrophage polarization was analyzed by real-time PCR, flow cytometry, and cytokine detection in culture supernatants. The role of MSC-derived nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and IL-6 in this process has been evaluated using siRNA transfection and IL-6 receptor-deficient macrophages, respectively. Results Preconditioned, but not unprimed, MSCs secreted high levels of NO, IL-6, and PGE2. Co-culture with macrophages (M0) in the presence of M1 inducers (LPS + IFN-ɣ) led to significant reduction of CD86 and iNOS protein in macrophages and diminished TNF-α secretion. Additionally, CD86 and iNOS protein expression as well as NO and IL-10 secretion were markedly increased under M2a-polarizing culture conditions (IL-4). MSC-dependent macrophage polarization did not depend on direct cell-cell contact. Co-culturing in the presence of LPS and IFN-ɣ resulted in the upregulation of M2a, M2b, and M2c marker genes, whereas in the presence of IL-4 only M2b markers were significantly increased. In turn, IL-10-producing regulatory M2b cells significantly inhibited IFN-ɣ expression in CD4+ T lymphocytes. Finally, we show that MSC-mediated macrophage polarization strongly depends on IL-6, whereas a minor role for NO and PGE2 was found. Conclusions Preconditioning of MSCs highly strengthens their capacity to regulate macrophage features and to promote immunosuppression. Repression of M1 polarization during inflammation and M2b polarization under anti-inflammatory conditions strongly depend on functional IL-6 signaling in macrophages. The potential benefit of preconditioned MSCs and IL-6 should be considered for future clinical treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1039-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Philipp
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Laura Suhr
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wahlers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yeong-Hoon Choi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Adnana Paunel-Görgülü
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Blockade of RBP-J-Mediated Notch Signaling Pathway Exacerbates Cardiac Remodeling after Infarction by Increasing Apoptosis in Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5207031. [PMID: 30065940 PMCID: PMC6051300 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5207031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the major cause of death in patients with cardiovascular disease. Cardiac remodeling is a common pathological change following myocardial infarction (MI), and cardiomyocyte apoptosis plays a key role in this change. Transcription factor recombination signal-binding protein-J (RBP-J)-mediated Notch signaling pathway has been implicated in several inherited cardiovascular diseases, including aortic valve diseases, but whether the RBP-J-mediated Notch signaling pathway plays a role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis after MI is unclear. Method We crossed RBP-Jfl/fl mice and Myh6-Cre/Esr1 transgenic mice to delete RBP-J in vivo and to partly inhibit the canonical Notch signaling pathway. MI was induced in mice by permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by the knockout of RBP-J. Cardiac function and morphology were assessed by echocardiography and histological analysis 4 weeks after infarction. In addition, the expression and regulation of apoptosis-related molecules were examined by real time PCR and western blot. Results RBP-J knockout decreased the survival rate and deteriorated post-MI remodeling and function in mice, and this effect was associated with increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The potential mechanisms might be related to the downregulated expression of bcl-2, upregulated expression of bax, and cleaved-caspase 3 to exacerbate cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Conclusion These findings show that the RBP-J-mediated Notch signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes limits ventricular remodeling and improves cardiac function after MI. The RBP-J-mediated Notch signaling pathway has a protective role in cardiomyocyte apoptosis following cardiac injury.
Collapse
|
31
|
Uemura Y, Naoi T, Kanai Y, Kobayashi K. The efficiency of lipid nanoparticles with an original cationic lipid as a siRNA delivery system for macrophages and dendritic cells. Pharm Dev Technol 2018; 24:263-268. [PMID: 29688101 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2018.1469149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Small interfering of RNA (siRNA) technology has the potential to be a next-generation therapy. However, naked siRNA does not have high transfection efficiency and is rapidly degraded after systemic injection, so an appropriate drug delivery system (DDS) is required for clinical use. Several potential systems have been assessed, clinically focusing on hepatocyte or cancer tissue using siRNA. However, targeting immune cells using siRNA is still challenging, and a new DDS is required. In this study, we prepared lipid nanoparticles (LNP) composed of original cationic lipid, neutral lipid of DOPE (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine) and PEG2000-DMPE (N-(carbonyl-methoxypolyethyleneglycol 2000)-1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, sodium salt). Our LNP encapsulating siRNA (LNP/siRNA) exerted a knock-down (KD) effect on mouse inflammatory peritoneal macrophages in vitro. In addition, an in vivo KD effect by systemic administration of LNP/siRNA was observed in macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) in mice. Furthermore, our LNP/siRNA showed in vitro KD effects not only on murine cells but also on human cells like monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs). These results indicate the potential utility of our LNP for siRNA-based therapy targeting macrophages and DCs. Because these cells are known to have a significant role in several kinds of diseases, and siRNA can specifically suppress target genes that are closely associated with disease states and are untreatable by small molecules or antibodies. Therefore, delivering siRNA by our LNP to macrophages and DCs could provide novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Uemura
- a R&D Division , Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd , Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun , Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Naoi
- b R&D Division , Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd , Machida , Japan
| | - Yasumasa Kanai
- a R&D Division , Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd , Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun , Japan
| | - Katsuya Kobayashi
- a R&D Division , Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd , Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Saludas L, Pascual-Gil S, Roli F, Garbayo E, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Heart tissue repair and cardioprotection using drug delivery systems. Maturitas 2018; 110:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
33
|
Ghosh M, Thangada S, Dasgupta O, Khanna KM, Yamase HT, Kashgarian M, Hla T, Shapiro LH, Ferrer FA. Cell-intrinsic sphingosine kinase 2 promotes macrophage polarization and renal inflammation in response to unilateral ureteral obstruction. PLoS One 2018. [PMID: 29518138 PMCID: PMC5843290 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine Kinase-2 (Sphk2) is responsible for the production of the bioactive lipid Sphingosine-1 Phosphate, a key regulator of tissue repair. Here we address the in vivo significance of Sphingosine Kinase -2 in renal inflammation/fibrosis in response to unilateral ureteral obstruction using both genetic and pharmacological strategies. Obstructed kidneys of Sphk2-/- mice showed reduced renal damage and diminished levels of the renal injury markers TGFβ1 and αSMA when compared to wild type controls. We found a consistently significant increase in anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages in obstructed Sphk2-/- kidneys by flow cytometry and a decrease in mRNA levels of the inflammatory cytokines, MCP1, TNFα, CXCL1 and ILβ1, suggesting an anti-inflammatory bias in the absence of Sphk2. Indeed, metabolic profiling showed that the pro-inflammatory glycolytic pathway is largely inactive in Sphk2-/- bone marrow-derived macrophages. Furthermore, treatment with the M2-promoting cytokines IL-4 or IL-13 demonstrated that macrophages lacking Sphk2 polarized more efficiently to the M2 phenotype than wild type cells. Bone marrow transplant studies indicated that expression of Sphk2-/- on either the hematopoietic or parenchymal cells did not fully rescue the pro-healing phenotype, confirming that both infiltrating M2-macrophages and the kidney microenvironment contribute to the damaging Sphk2 effects. Importantly, obstructed kidneys from mice treated with an Sphk2 inhibitor recapitulated findings in the genetic model. These results demonstrate that reducing Sphk2 activity by genetic or pharmacological manipulation markedly decreases inflammatory and fibrotic responses to obstruction, resulting in diminished renal injury and supporting Sphk2 as a novel driver of the pro-inflammatory macrophage phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mallika Ghosh
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Shobha Thangada
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Oisharya Dasgupta
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Kamal M. Khanna
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Harold T. Yamase
- Department of Pathology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
| | - Michael Kashgarian
- Department of Pathology, Yale University Cancer Research Center, New Haven, CT, United States of America
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Linda H. Shapiro
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
- * E-mail: (FAF); (LHS)
| | - Fernando A. Ferrer
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States of America
- Section of Pediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of Omaha, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- * E-mail: (FAF); (LHS)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Inflammation following acute myocardial infarction: Multiple players, dynamic roles, and novel therapeutic opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 186:73-87. [PMID: 29330085 PMCID: PMC5981007 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 499] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the heart failure that often follows, are major causes of death and disability worldwide. As such, new therapies are required to limit myocardial infarct (MI) size, prevent adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling, and reduce the onset of heart failure following AMI. The inflammatory response to AMI, plays a critical role in determining MI size, and a persistent pro-inflammatory reaction can contribute to adverse post-MI LV remodeling, making inflammation an important therapeutic target for improving outcomes following AMI. In this article, we provide an overview of the multiple players (and their dynamic roles) involved in the complex inflammatory response to AMI and subsequent LV remodeling, and highlight future opportunities for targeting inflammation as a therapeutic strategy for limiting MI size, preventing adverse LV remodeling, and reducing heart failure in AMI patients.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, facilitated by biomaterial-based therapies, hold promise for the repair, replacement, or regeneration of damaged tissue. The success or failure of all implanted biomaterials, ranging from stainless steel total joint replacements to naturally or synthetically derived skin grafts, is predominantly mediated by macrophages, the primary cell of the innate immune system. In an effort to better assess safety and efficacy of novel biomaterials, evaluating and understanding macrophage-biomaterial interactions is a necessary first step. Here, we describe the culture of macrophages on 3D biomaterials, such as decellularized human cortical bone or commercially available wound matrices, and subsequent analysis using gene expression and protein secretion to help understand how biomaterial properties may influence macrophage phenotype in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Witherel
- Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pamela L Graney
- Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kara L Spiller
- Biomaterials & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ma Y, Mouton AJ, Lindsey ML. Cardiac macrophage biology in the steady-state heart, the aging heart, and following myocardial infarction. Transl Res 2018; 191:15-28. [PMID: 29106912 PMCID: PMC5846093 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages play critical roles in homeostatic maintenance of the myocardium under normal conditions and in tissue repair after injury. In the steady-state heart, resident cardiac macrophages remove senescent and dying cells and facilitate electrical conduction. In the aging heart, the shift in macrophage phenotype to a proinflammatory subtype leads to inflammaging. Following myocardial infarction (MI), macrophages recruited to the infarct produce both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators (cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and growth factors), phagocytize dead cells, and promote angiogenesis and scar formation. These diverse properties are attributed to distinct macrophage subtypes and polarization status. Infarct macrophages exhibit a proinflammatory M1 phenotype early and become polarized toward an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype later post-MI. Although this classification system is oversimplified and needs to be refined to accommodate the multiple different macrophage subtypes that have been recently identified, general concepts on macrophage roles are independent of subtype classification. This review summarizes current knowledge about cardiac macrophage origins, roles, and phenotypes in the steady state, with aging, and after MI, as well as highlights outstanding areas of investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Ma
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss
| | - Alan J Mouton
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss
| | - Merry L Lindsey
- Mississippi Center for Heart Research, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss; Research Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, Miss.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage depletion decreased M1 macrophage accumulation and the incidence of cardiac rupture after myocardial infarction in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187894. [PMID: 29121663 PMCID: PMC5679665 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac rupture is an important cause of death in the acute phase after myocardial infarction (MI). Macrophages play a pivotal role in cardiac remodeling after MI. Apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is secreted specifically by macrophages and contributes to macrophage accumulation in inflamed tissue by maintaining survival and recruiting macrophages. In this study, we evaluated the role of AIM in macrophage accumulation in the infarcted myocardium and cardiac rupture after MI. Methods and results Wild-type (WT) and AIM‒/‒ mice underwent permanent left coronary artery ligation and were followed-up for 7 days. Macrophage accumulation and phenotypes (M1 pro-inflammatory macrophage or M2 anti-inflammatory macrophage) were evaluated by immunohistological analysis and RT-PCR. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity levels were measured by gelatin zymography. The survival rate was significantly higher (81.1% vs. 48.2%, P<0.05), and the cardiac rupture rate was significantly lower in AIM‒/‒ mice than in WT mice (10.8% vs. 31.5%, P<0.05). The number of M1 macrophages and the expression levels of M1 markers (iNOS and IL-6) in the infarcted myocardium were significantly lower in AIM‒/‒ mice than in WT mice. In contrast, there was no difference in the number of M2 macrophages and the expression of M2 markers (Arg-1, CD206 and TGF-β1) between the two groups. The ratio of apoptotic macrophages in the total macrophages was significantly higher in AIM‒/‒ mice than in WT mice, although MCP-1 expression did not differ between the two groups. MMP-2 and 9 activity levels in the infarcted myocardium were significantly lower in AIM‒/‒ mice than in WT mice. Conclusions These findings suggest that AIM depletion decreases the levels of M1 macrophages, which are a potent source of MMP-2 and 9, in the infarcted myocardium in the acute phase after MI by promoting macrophage apoptosis, and leads to a decrease in the incidence of cardiac rupture and improvements in survival rates.
Collapse
|
38
|
Miao L, Shen X, Whiteman M, Xin H, Shen Y, Xin X, Moore PK, Zhu YZ. Hydrogen Sulfide Mitigates Myocardial Infarction via Promotion of Mitochondrial Biogenesis-Dependent M2 Polarization of Macrophages. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25:268-81. [PMID: 27296720 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2015.6577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Macrophages are of key importance for tissue repair after myocardial infarction (MI). Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to exert cardioprotective effects in MI. However, the mechanisms by which H2S modulates cardiac remodeling and repair post-MI remain to be clarified. RESULTS In our current study, we showed that H2S supplementation ameliorated pathological remodeling and dysfunction post-MI in wild-type (WT) and CSE KO mice, resulting in decreased infarct size and mortality, accompanied by an increase in the number of M2-polarized macrophages at the early stage of MI. Strikingly, adoptive transfer of NaHS-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages into WT and CSE KO mice with depleted macrophages also ameliorated MI-induced cardiac functional deterioration. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that NaHS-induced M2 polarization was achieved by enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. INNOVATION AND CONCLUSION Our study shows (for the first time) that H2S may have the potential as a therapeutic agent for MI via promotion of M2 macrophage polarization. Rebound Track: This work was rejected during standard peer review and rescued by Rebound Peer Review (Antioxid Redox Signal 16:293-296, 2012) with the following serving as open reviewers: Hideo Kimura, Chaoshu Tang, Xiaoli Tian, and Kenneth Olson. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 25, 268-281.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Miao
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | | | - Hong Xin
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqi Shen
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Xin
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai, China
| | - Philip K Moore
- 3 Department of Pharmacology, Yoo Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yi-Zhun Zhu
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai, China .,3 Department of Pharmacology, Yoo Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore, Singapore .,4 School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
ter Horst EN, Hakimzadeh N, van der Laan AM, Krijnen PAJ, Niessen HWM, Piek JJ. Modulators of Macrophage Polarization Influence Healing of the Infarcted Myocardium. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:29583-91. [PMID: 26690421 PMCID: PMC4691130 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To diminish heart failure development after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), several preclinical studies have focused on influencing the inflammatory processes in the healing response post-AMI. The initial purpose of this healing response is to clear cell debris of the injured cardiac tissue and to eventually resolve inflammation and support scar tissue formation. This is a well-balanced reaction. However, excess inflammation can lead to infarct expansion, adverse ventricular remodeling and thereby propagate heart failure development. Different macrophage subtypes are centrally involved in both the promotion and resolution phase of inflammation. Modulation of macrophage subset polarization has been described to greatly affect the quality and outcome of healing after AMI. Therefore, it is of great interest to reveal the process of macrophage polarization to support the development of therapeutic targets. The current review summarizes (pre)clinical studies that demonstrate essential molecules involved in macrophage polarization that can be modulated and influence cardiac healing after AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ellis N ter Horst
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
- Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Netherlands Heart Institute, Moreelsepark 1, Utrecht 3511 EP, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorstraat 7, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The Netherlands.
| | - Nazanin Hakimzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Anja M van der Laan
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Paul A J Krijnen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorstraat 7, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The Netherlands.
| | - Hans W M Niessen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorstraat 7, Amsterdam 1081 BT, The Netherlands.
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, VU University Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan J Piek
- Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
mTORC1 signaling is crucial for regulatory T cells to suppress macrophage‐mediated inflammatory response after acute myocardial infarction. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 94:274-84. [PMID: 26437770 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|