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Koohsari MJ, Kaczynski AT, Yasunaga A, Hanibuchi T, Nakaya T, McCormack GR, Oka K. Active workplace design: current gaps and future pathways. Br J Sports Med 2024:bjsports-2024-108146. [PMID: 38760155 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-108146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- School of Advanced Science and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Japan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew T Kaczynski
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Akitomo Yasunaga
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori, Japan
| | | | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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Cantley A, Hurley JC, Todd M, McEntee M, Hooker SP, Ohri-Vachaspati P, Ainsworth B, Adams MA. Walkability around the worksite and self-reported and accelerometer-measured physical activity among adults. Health Place 2024; 85:103143. [PMID: 38056050 PMCID: PMC11032044 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between GIS-measured worksite and home neighborhood walkability and several measures of physical activity (PA) in employed adults. Results revealed no significant correlation between worksite walkability and PA outcomes, contradicting the hypothesis of increased PA with improved walkability. However, for women and households without young children, a positive association was observed between worksite walkability and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Additionally, home neighborhood walkability was linked to self-reported walking. The study highlights the need for further research into social and environmental factors at worksites impacting PA, and examination of PA behaviors in the context of increased remote work due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Cantley
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 425 North 5th Street, MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Jane C Hurley
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 425 North 5th Street, MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Michael Todd
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, 500 N. 3rd Street, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Mindy McEntee
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 425 North 5th Street, MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Steven P Hooker
- College of Health and Human Services, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
| | - Punam Ohri-Vachaspati
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 425 North 5th Street, MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
| | - Barbara Ainsworth
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 425 North 5th Street, MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Marc A Adams
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, 425 North 5th Street, MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
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Perchoux C, Brondeel R, Klein S, Klein O, Thierry B, Kestens Y, Chaix B, Gerber P. Does the built environment influence location- and trip-based sedentary behaviors? Evidence from a GPS-based activity space approach of neighborhood effects on older adults. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 180:108184. [PMID: 37783123 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence on the influence of built environments on sedentary behaviors remains unclear and is often contradictory. The main limitations encompass the use of self-reported proxies of sedentary time (ST), the scarce consideration of the plurality of sedentary behaviors, and environmental exposures limited to the residential neighborhood. We investigated the relationships between GPS-based activity space measures of environmental exposures and accelerometer-based ST measured in total, at the place of residence, at all locations, and during trips. METHODS This study is part of the CURHA project, based on 471 older adults residing in Luxembourg, who wore a GPS receiver and a tri-axial accelerometer during 7 days. Daily ST was computed in total, at the residence, at all locations and during trips. Environmental exposures included exposure to green spaces, walking, biking, and motorized transportation infrastructures. Associations between environments and ST were examined using linear and negative binomial mixed models, adjusted for demographics, self-rated health, residential self-selection, weather conditions and wear time. RESULTS Participants accumulated, on average, 8 h and 14 min of ST per day excluding sleep time. ST spent at locations accounted for 83 % of the total ST. ST spent at the residence accounted for 87 % of the location-based ST and 71 % of the total ST. Trip-based ST represents 13 % of total ST, and 4 % remained unclassified. Higher street connectivity was negatively associated with total ST, while the density of parking areas correlated positively with total and location-based ST. Stronger associations were observed for sedentary bouts (uninterrupted ST over 20 and 30 min). CONCLUSION Improving street connectivity and controlling the construction of new parking, while avoiding the spatial segregation of populations with limited access to public transport, may contribute to limit ST. Such urban planning interventions may be especially efficient in limiting the harmful uninterrupted bouts of ST among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Perchoux
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
| | - R Brondeel
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Klein
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - O Klein
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - B Thierry
- Université de Montréal/Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Pavillon S, 850 rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Y Kestens
- Université de Montréal/Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Pavillon S, 850 rue St-Denis, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - B Chaix
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique IPLESP, Nemesis Team, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - P Gerber
- Department of Urban Development and Mobility, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research (LISER), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Wood SM, Alston L, Beks H, Mc Namara K, Coffee NT, Clark RA, Wong Shee A, Versace VL. Quality appraisal of spatial epidemiology and health geography research: A scoping review of systematic reviews. Health Place 2023; 83:103108. [PMID: 37651961 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
A scoping review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted to understand how systematic reviews assess the methodological quality of spatial epidemiology and health geography research. Fifty-nine eligible reviews were identified and included. Variations in the use of quality appraisal tools were found. Reviews applied existing quality appraisal tools with no adaptations (n = 32; 54%), existing quality appraisal tools with adaptations (n = 9; 15%), adapted tools or methods from other reviews (n = 13; 22%), and developed new quality appraisal tools for the review (n = 5; 8%). Future research should focus on developing and validating a quality appraisal tool that evaluates the spatial methodology within studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Wood
- Deakin Rural Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool Campus, Vic, Australia.
| | - Laura Alston
- Deakin Rural Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool Campus, Vic, Australia; Research Unit, Colac Area Health, Colac, Vic, Australia
| | - Hannah Beks
- Deakin Rural Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool Campus, Vic, Australia
| | - Kevin Mc Namara
- Deakin Rural Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool Campus, Vic, Australia; Grampians Health, Ballarat, Vic, Australia
| | - Neil T Coffee
- Deakin Rural Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool Campus, Vic, Australia; Australian Centre for Housing Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Robyn A Clark
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, SA, Australia; Southern Adelaide Health Care Services, SA, Australia
| | - Anna Wong Shee
- Deakin Rural Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool Campus, Vic, Australia; Grampians Health, Ballarat, Vic, Australia
| | - Vincent L Versace
- Deakin Rural Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool Campus, Vic, Australia; Grampians Health, Ballarat, Vic, Australia
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Yin C, Liu J, Sun B. Effects of built and natural environments on leisure physical activity in residential and workplace neighborhoods. Health Place 2023; 81:103018. [PMID: 36996594 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated relative contributions of the built and natural environments to and their nonlinear associations with leisure physical activity (PA) in different spatial contexts. Applying gradient boosting decision tree models to data comprising 1049 adults collected in Shanghai, we investigated the associations between built and natural environments and leisure PA in residential and workplace neighborhoods. Results show that the built environment is more important than the natural environment to leisure PA in both residences and workplaces. Environmental attributes have nonlinear and threshold effects. Within certain ranges, land use mix and population density have opposite associations with leisure PA in residences and workplaces, whereas the distance to the city center and the area of water are associated with leisure PA in residences and workplaces with the same direction. These findings help urban planners design context-specific environmental interventions for supporting leisure PA.
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Yang H, An R, Clarke CV, Shen J. Impact of economic growth on physical activity and sedentary behaviors: a Systematic Review. Public Health 2023; 215:17-26. [PMID: 36608601 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study systematically reviewed scientific evidence regarding the impact of economic growth on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors. METHODS A keyword and reference search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and EBSCO from the inception of an electronic bibliographic database to November 2021. Studies that met all of the following criteria were included in the review: (1) study designs: observational studies; (2) study subjects: people of all ages; (3) exposure: macroeconomic growth; (4) outcomes: PA or sedentary behaviors/sitting time. RESULTS 15 studies were identified. Eight among 12 studies found economic growth positively associated with at least one domain/measure of PA, whereas the remaining four found an inverse relationship. One of two studies examined the association of economic growth and physical inactivity found a positive relationship, while another found no significant relationship. Four studies examined the associations between economic growth and sedentary behaviors, and the results were inconclusive. The impact of economic growth on PA is through three main pathways-(a) building and maintaining parks and green spaces, (b) adoption of the modern workplace and high technology, and (c) motorized transportation. CONCLUSION Building and maintaining parks and green spaces can effectively promote leisure time physical activity and active commute in developed countries, whereas promoting workplace and transportation-related PA could be prioritized in developing nations. Future research calls for longitudinal study design and further exploration of macro-environmental factors. Policymakers and stakeholders should be informed about the potential PA reduction resulting from economic growth and develop preventive strategies to alleviate the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yang
- Department of Physical Education, Capital University of Economics and Business, China
| | - R An
- Brown School, Washington University in St. Louis, United States
| | - C V Clarke
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, United states
| | - J Shen
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), China.
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Raza A, Pulakka A, Hanson LLM, Westerlund H, Halonen JI. Distance to sports facilities and low frequency of exercise and obesity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2036. [DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14444-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Little research has investigated the associations between proximity to physical activity facilities and behavior-related health and the majority have focused on proximity from home address. We add to the literature by examining proximity of these facilities to work and home address and including a wide range of physical activity facilities. We assess the associations for proximity of physical activity facilities from home and work address with self-reported frequency of exercise and obesity.
Methods
Our analytical sample of 7358 participants was from the 2018 wave of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health. We used logistic binomial regression adjusting for age, sex, education, civil status, individual socioeconomic status, neighborhood socioeconomic status, number of children under 12 years of age, work strain, and chronic disease.
Results
Longer distance from home to paid outdoor and paid indoor physical activity facilities was associated with low frequency of exercise (fully adjusted Relative Risk for both 1.01, 95% CI 1.01–1.02). Associations of any or free outdoor facility with low frequency of exercise were not robust. Findings also indicated associations between long distance from workplace to any and paid outdoor facility and low frequency of exercise. Results for obesity were in the similar direction, however, these were not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Increased distance of paid outdoor and paid indoor physical activity facilities from home and of paid outdoor facilities from work was associated with low frequency of exercise. Longitudinal and larger studies are needed to confirm our findings, particularly regarding obesity.
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Chandrabose M, den Braver NR, Owen N, Sugiyama T, Hadgraft N. Built Environments and Cardiovascular Health: REVIEW AND IMPLICATIONS. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2022; 42:416-422. [PMID: 36342684 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review presents a general overview of the state of evidence on the relationships between neighborhood built environments and cardiovascular health outcomes among adults. We also summarize relevant literature on the associations of built environments with active living behaviors (physical activity [PA] and sedentary behavior), as they are considered as key behavioral pathways. REVIEW METHODS We identified recently published systematic reviews assessing associations of built environment attributes with cardiovascular health outcomes or active living behaviors. We summarized findings of the key systematic reviews and presented findings of pertinent empirical studies, where appropriate. SUMMARY Increasing evidence suggests that living in a place supportive of engaging in PA for transportation (eg, walkability features) and recreation (eg, parks) can be protective against cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Places conducive to higher levels of sedentary travel (ie, prolonged sitting in cars) may have adverse effects on cardiovascular health. The built environment of where people live can affect how active they are and subsequently their cardiovascular health. Clinical professionals are encouraged to consider the built environment features of where their patients live in counseling, as this may assist them to understand potential opportunities or barriers to active living and to propose a suitable CVD prevention strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Chandrabose
- Healthy Cities Research Group, Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia (Drs Chandrabose, Owen, Sugiyama, and Hadgraft); Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia (Drs Chandrabose, Owen, Sugiyama, and Hadgraft); and Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, and Upstream Team, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (Dr den Braver)
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Valenzuela R, Saadiq S, Cobos S, Salinas JJ. Engagement in Physical Activity Improves after Participation in Pasos Para Prevenir Cancer-An Obesity-Related Cancer Prevention Program in El Paso, Texas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11607. [PMID: 36141878 PMCID: PMC9517185 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This present study experimentally evaluated the Pasos Para Prevenir Cancer (PPPC) program to determine whether participation was associated with improved physical activity engagement. Evidence suggests that obesity prevention programs improve physical activity (PA) engagement and lead to healthier weights, which substantially impacts cancer and cardiometabolic disease risk. There is a shortage of knowledge on the effectiveness of programs tailored to populations along the U.S.-Mexico border. METHODS We collected demographic, nutrition, and physical activity data at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months using the Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) for 209 participants. We analyzed the average metabolic equivalents (METS) per week for all physical activity levels and types and the achievement of the recommended METS per week to determine the demographic characteristics most associated with a change between baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. RESULTS Light activity was the most common activity at all three points, and it slightly increased at 6 months in work settings. Subjects conducted moderate physical activity primarily at home and work, and moderate physical activity increased more compared to vigorous physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Intervention tailoring might improve PA engagement in Mexican Americans residing on the U.S.-Mexico border; however, larger studies that are more diverse are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Valenzuela
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Stefan Saadiq
- Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Sandra Cobos
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Jennifer J. Salinas
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
- Francis Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
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Examining the state, quality and strength of the evidence in the research on built environments and physical activity among adults: An overview of reviews from high income countries. Health Place 2022; 77:102874. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Physical Activity Level and Social-Ecological Influence Factors in Chinese Information Technology Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:4580589. [PMID: 36060889 PMCID: PMC9439895 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4580589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective Information technology (IT) population in China has expanded rapidly in recent decades, which has suffered severe health problems due to a lack of physical activity (PA). However, little is known about the influence and solutions of PA deficiency. The current research was designed to explore the associations between the amount of PA and potential influenced factors based on the social-ecological model (SEM) and thus to provide rationales for PA promotion. Method Six hundred and five IT professionals from five cities of China were surveyed in terms of PA in daily life as well as the potential PA influence factors based on SEM models that consisted of individual, interpersonal, environmental, and political levels in the current study. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of the potential PA influence factors and PA amount. Result About 54.7% of the sample did not fulfill the PA recommendation of 600 MET per week, and there are significant gender differences in PA participation. Factors related to the individual (self-efficacy and value recognition), interpersonal (social support), environmental (workplace and community environment), and polity-level factors (policy advocacy) were found to be significantly associated with Chinese IT professionals' participation in PA. Conclusion Numerous correlates from individual-level to political-level factors are all important predictors of PA. Exercise value recognition and self-efficacy accounted for much of the association. Environmental variables may further influence exercise behavior. Therefore, conducting intervention efforts for individual, interpersonal, environmental, and political change of Chinese IT professionals is recommended.
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Motomura M, Koohsari MJ, Lin CY, Ishii K, Shibata A, Nakaya T, Kaczynski AT, Veitch J, Oka K. Associations of public open space attributes with active and sedentary behaviors in dense urban areas: A systematic review of observational studies. Health Place 2022; 75:102816. [PMID: 35580456 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In the context of rapid urbanization, public open spaces in dense urban areas are critical built environment elements to support active lifestyles. Several reviews have explored the associations of public open space attributes with physically active and sedentary behavior. However, few reviews have included studies from Asia, and no studies have focused on dense urban areas. This systematic review analyzed 18 observational studies investigating associations between public open space attributes with physical activity and sedentary behavior in dense urban areas of East Asian countries, including Japan, Taiwan, China, and Hong Kong. We found that closer distance to and a greater number of public open spaces and features within them were positively associated with leisure-time physical activity. Places near water features and corridors within public open spaces were associated with more sedentary behavior. These findings inform landscape and urban design guidelines for (re)designing public open spaces to support active lifestyles in high dense urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Motomura
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | | | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Andrew T Kaczynski
- Department of Health Promotion Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, United States.
| | - Jenny Veitch
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
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Beulens JWJ, Pinho MGM, Abreu TC, den Braver NR, Lam TM, Huss A, Vlaanderen J, Sonnenschein T, Siddiqui NZ, Yuan Z, Kerckhoffs J, Zhernakova A, Brandao Gois MF, Vermeulen RCH. Environmental risk factors of type 2 diabetes-an exposome approach. Diabetologia 2022; 65:263-274. [PMID: 34792619 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05618-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is one of the major chronic diseases accounting for a substantial proportion of disease burden in Western countries. The majority of the burden of type 2 diabetes is attributed to environmental risks and modifiable risk factors such as lifestyle. The environment we live in, and changes to it, can thus contribute substantially to the prevention of type 2 diabetes at a population level. The 'exposome' represents the (measurable) totality of environmental, i.e. nongenetic, drivers of health and disease. The external exposome comprises aspects of the built environment, the social environment, the physico-chemical environment and the lifestyle/food environment. The internal exposome comprises measurements at the epigenetic, transcript, proteome, microbiome or metabolome level to study either the exposures directly, the imprints these exposures leave in the biological system, the potential of the body to combat environmental insults and/or the biology itself. In this review, we describe the evidence for environmental risk factors of type 2 diabetes, focusing on both the general external exposome and imprints of this on the internal exposome. Studies provided established associations of air pollution, residential noise and area-level socioeconomic deprivation with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, while neighbourhood walkability and green space are consistently associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. There is little or inconsistent evidence on the contribution of the food environment, other aspects of the social environment and outdoor temperature. These environmental factors are thought to affect type 2 diabetes risk mainly through mechanisms incorporating lifestyle factors such as physical activity or diet, the microbiome, inflammation or chronic stress. To further assess causality of these associations, future studies should focus on investigating the longitudinal effects of our environment (and changes to it) in relation to type 2 diabetes risk and whether these associations are explained by these proposed mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joline W J Beulens
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Maria G M Pinho
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Taymara C Abreu
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole R den Braver
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thao M Lam
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tabea Sonnenschein
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Noreen Z Siddiqui
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhendong Yuan
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jules Kerckhoffs
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Milla F Brandao Gois
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Roel C H Vermeulen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Lin CY, Koohsari MJ, Liao Y, Ishii K, Shibata A, Nakaya T, McCormack GR, Hadgraft N, Sugiyama T, Owen N, Oka K. Workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes and sitting at work and for transport among Japanese desk-based workers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:195. [PMID: 34996917 PMCID: PMC8741887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03071-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Workplace settings—both internal and external—can influence how workers are physically active or sedentary. Although research has identified some indoor environmental attributes associated with sitting at work, few studies have examined associations of workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes with workplace sitting time. We examined the cross-sectional associations of perceived and objective workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes with sitting time at work and for transport among desk-based workers in Japan. Data were collected from a nationwide online survey. The Abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (n = 2137) and Walk Score® (for a subsample of participants; n = 1163) were used to assess perceived and objective built-environment attributes of workplace neighbourhoods. Self-reported daily average sitting time at work, in cars and in public transport was measured using a Japanese validated questionnaire. Linear regression models estimated the associations of workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes with sitting time. All perceived workplace neighbourhood built-environment attributes were positively correlated with Walk Score®. However, statistically significant associations with Walk Score® were found for sitting for transport but not for sitting at work. Workers who perceived their workplace neighbourhoods to be more walkable reported a longer time sitting at work and in public transport but a shorter sitting time in cars. Our findings suggest that walkable workplace neighbourhoods may discourage longer car use but have workplaces where workers spend a long time sitting at work. The latter finding further suggests that there may be missed opportunities for desk-based workers to reduce sitting time. Future workplace interventions to reduce sitting time may be developed, taking advantage of the opportunities to take time away from work in workplace neighbourhoods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
| | - Mohammad Javad Koohsari
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yung Liao
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Gavin R McCormack
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Nyssa Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Takemi Sugiyama
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.,Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
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15
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Munir F, Yarker J, Duckworth J, Chen YL, Brinkley A, Varela-Mato V, Lewis R, Clemes S. Evaluation of a natural workspace intervention with active design features on movement, interaction and health. Work 2021; 70:1229-1241. [PMID: 34842209 DOI: 10.3233/wor-205180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing focus on designing workspaces that promote less sitting, more movement and interaction to improve physical and mental health. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates a natural intervention of a new workplace with active design features and its relocation to a greener and open space. METHODS An ecological model was used to understand how organisations implement change. Pre and post survey data from 221 matched cases of workers and accelerometery data (n = 50) were analysed. RESULTS Results show a decrease in occupational sitting (-20.65 mins/workday, p = 0.001) and an increase in workplace walking (+5.61 mins/workday, p = 0.001) using survey data, and accelerometery data (occupational sitting time: -31.0 mins/workday, p = 0.035, standing time: +22.0 mins/workday, p = 0.022, stepping time: +11.0 mins/workday, p = 0.001). Improvements in interaction, musculoskeletal pain and mental health were reported. CONCLUSIONS Application of the ecological model shows that the organisation understands how to target the built environment and social/cultural environment but not how to target behaviour change at the individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
| | - Joanna Yarker
- Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Duckworth
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Yu-Ling Chen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Andrew Brinkley
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
| | - Veronica Varela-Mato
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
| | - Rachel Lewis
- Department of Organizational Psychology, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Stacy Clemes
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Loughborough, Loughborough, UK
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16
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Jörres M, Gunga HC, Steinach M. Physiological Changes, Activity, and Stress During a 100-km-24-h Walking-March. Front Physiol 2021; 12:640710. [PMID: 33776795 PMCID: PMC7991843 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.640710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-endurance exercises like ultramarathons are known to elicit various metabolic and physiological changes in the human body. However, little is known about very long-duration exercise at low intensities regarding healthy human subjects. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in body composition and metabolism in long-endurance but low-intensity events. Methods Twenty-five male and 18 female healthy recreational athletes (age 34.6 ± 8.8 years; BMI: 22.4 ± 2.0 kg/m2) of the "100 km Mammutmarsch" were recruited for participation during the events in 2014-2016. Other than classical ultramarathons, the "Mammutmarsch" is a hiking event, in which participants were required to walk but not run or jog. It was expected to complete the 100-km distance within 24 h, resulting in a calculated mean speed of 4.17 km/h, which fits to the mean speed observed (4.12 ± 0.76 km/h). As not all participants reached the finish line, comparison of finishers (FIN, n = 11) and non-finishers (NON, n = 21) allowed differential assessment of performance. Body composition measured through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was determined pre- and post-event, and serum samples were taken pre-event, at 30, 70, and 100 km to determine NT-pro-BNP, troponin T, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides, total cholesterol, total creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, aminotransferase (AST), ALT, and sodium levels. Nineteen participants wore actimeter armbands (SenseWear®) to gain information about body activity and exercise intensity [metabolic equivalent of task (MET)]. Sixteen participants wore mobile heart rate monitors to assess mean heart rate during the race. Serum parameter alterations over the course of the race were analyzed with mixed-effects ANOVA and additional t-tests. All serum parameters were analyzed for correlation concerning different MET levels, speed, age, BMI, baseline NT-pro-BNP, mean heart rate during the race, and sex with linear regression analysis. Results We found significant elevations for muscle and cardiac stress markers (CRP, CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, cortisol, and NT-pro-BNP) as well as decreasing markers of lipid metabolism (cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL). Although the intensity level demanded from our participants was low compared with other studies on (ultra-) marathons, the alteration of tested parameters was similar to those of high-intensity exercise, e.g., NT-pro-BNP showed a fourfold increase (p < 0.01) and LDL decreased by 20% (p = 0.05). Besides the duration of exercise, age, BMI, training status, and sex are relevant parameters that influence the elevation of stress factors. Notably, our data indicate that NT-pro-BNP might be a marker for cardiovascular fitness also in healthy adults. Conclusion This low-intensity long-endurance walk evoked a strong systemic reaction and large cell stress and shifted to a favorable lipid profile, comparable to higher intensity events. Despite increasing cardiac stress parameters, there were no indications of cardiac cell damage. Remarkably, the duration seems to have a greater influence on stress markers and metabolism than intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Jörres
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Steinach
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Berlin, Germany
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Zedi M, Kayser B. Lack of Pregraduate Teaching on the Associations between the Built Environment, Physical Activity and Health in Swiss Architecture and Urban Design Degree Programs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:E15. [PMID: 33375100 PMCID: PMC7792804 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of physical activity (PA) is the fourth risk factor for all-cause mortality. Regular PA reduces noncommunicable disease (NCD) and mortality risk. The built environment (BE) is a determinant of spontaneous daily PA. Professionals who plan and build the BE therefore affect public health. We tested the hypothesis of a lack of formal pregraduate training about associations between the BE, PA and health in architecture, landscape architecture, and urban design academic degree programs (DPs) in Switzerland. METHODS We reached out to all DPs in Switzerland to ask if and how these associations are taught. For those declaring to teach the topic, the program syllabus and course material were inspected. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION For 30 out of 33 identified programs, information for the analysis was obtained. A total of 18 declared teaching the BE, PA and health associations, but this could be confirmed for only 5 after verifying the course content. Teaching principles of building PA-promoting BE represents an underutilized potential for public health promotion. CONCLUSIONS There is a need to introduce formal learning objectives in architecture, landscape architecture, and urban design DPs in Switzerland on the associations between BE, PA and health. It is likely that similar needs exist in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bengt Kayser
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
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