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Sarmin N, Roknuzzaman ASM, Sarker R, -Or-Rashid M, Qusar MS, Bachar SC, Kabir ER, Islam MR, Al Mahmud Z. Association of interleukin-2 and interleukin-10 with the pathophysiology and development of generalized anxiety disorder: a case-control study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:462. [PMID: 38902708 PMCID: PMC11188505 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a devastating mental health condition characterized by constant, uncontrolled worrying. Recent hypotheses indicate that pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are potential contributors to the pathogenesis of GAD. Here, we aimed to assess the role of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the pathophysiology and development of GAD. METHODS This study recruited 50 GAD patients diagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria and 38 age-sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). A qualified psychiatrist evaluated all study subjects. The socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population were determined using pre-structured questionnaires or interviews, and cytokine serum levels were estimated using commercially available ELISA kits. RESULTS We observed reduced serum IL-10 levels in GAD patients compared to HCs (33.69 ± 1.37 pg/ml vs. 44.12 ± 3.16 pg/ml). Also, we observed a significant negative correlation between altered IL-10 levels and GAD-7 scores (r=-0.315, p = 0.039). Moreover, IL-10 serum measurement exhibited good predictive value in receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis with an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.793 (p < 0.001) with 80.65% sensitivity and 62.79% specificity at a cutoff value of 33.93 pg/ml. Conversely, we noticed elevated serum IL-2 levels in GAD patients than in HCs (14.81 ± 2.88 pg/ml vs. 8.08 ± 1.1 pg/ml); however, it failed to maintain any significant association with GAD-7 scores, implying that IL-2 might not be involved in GAD pathogenesis. The lower AUC value (0.640; p > 0.05) exhibited by IL-2 serum measurement in ROC analysis further supported that IL-2 might not be associated with GAD. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into the complex interplay between anti-inflammatory cytokines and GAD pathogenesis. Based on the present findings, we can assume that IL-10 but not IL-2 may be associated with the pathophysiology and development of GAD. However, further research with a larger population size and longitudinal design is required to confirm the potential diagnostic efficacy of IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisat Sarmin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - A S M Roknuzzaman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Rapty Sarker
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mamun -Or-Rashid
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mma Shalahuddin Qusar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahabagh, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sitesh Chandra Bachar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Eva Rahman Kabir
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Kha 224 Bir Uttam Rafiqul Islam Avenue, Merul Badda, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rabiul Islam
- School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Kha 224 Bir Uttam Rafiqul Islam Avenue, Merul Badda, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
| | - Zobaer Al Mahmud
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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Salehi M, Zamiri A, Kim J, Texeira C, Shah K, Gunturu S. Exploring the Psychiatric Manifestations of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Int J Rheumatol 2024; 2024:5520927. [PMID: 38774059 PMCID: PMC11108699 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5520927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is recognized for its autoimmune origin. Its hallmark symptoms, dry eyes and mouth, result from glandular inflammation. Prior literature indicates that pSS not only affects the peripheral system but also involves the central nervous system (CNS), giving rise to various neuropsychiatric symptoms. However, there is limited published research on the psychiatric comorbidities in individuals with pSS. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar for this narrative review. The search spanned from inception until August 2023. Its aim was to locate studies focusing on the psychiatric manifestations of pSS and the potential underlying mechanisms. Results The most commonly reported psychiatric complications among these individuals are depression and cognitive dysfunction. Other psychiatric manifestations that have been reported in pSS individuals include anxiety, sleep disorders, psychosis, catatonia, bipolar disorder, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Conclusion In conclusion, patients with pSS often display multiple psychiatric symptoms. These symptoms can significantly impair functioning and reduce quality of life. Hence, prompt diagnosis and management are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Salehi
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Azadeh Zamiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chenique Texeira
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ketki Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sasidhar Gunturu
- Department of Psychiatry, Bronx Care Health System, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Mancini M, Calculli A, Di Martino D, Pisani A. Interplay between endocannabinoids and dopamine in the basal ganglia: implications for pain in Parkinson's disease. JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA, ANALGESIA AND CRITICAL CARE 2024; 4:33. [PMID: 38745258 PMCID: PMC11094869 DOI: 10.1186/s44158-024-00169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Pain is a complex phenomenon, and basal ganglia circuitry integrates many aspects of pain including motor, emotional, autonomic, and cognitive responses. Perturbations in dopamine (DA) signaling are implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic pain due to its involvement in both pain perception and relief. Several lines of evidence support the role of endocannabinoids (eCBs) in the regulation of many electrical and chemical aspects of DAergic neuron function including excitability, synaptic transmission, integration, and plasticity. However, eCBs play an even more intricate and intimate relationship with DA, as indicated by the adaptive changes in the eCB system following DA depletion. Although the precise mechanisms underlying DA control on pain are not fully understood, given the high correlation of eCB and DAergic system, it is conceivable that eCBs may be part of these mechanisms.In this brief survey, we describe the reciprocal regulation of eCB-DA neurotransmission with a particular emphasis on the actions of eCBs on ionic and synaptic signaling in DAergic neurons mediated by CB receptors or independent on them. Furthermore, we analyze the eCB-DA imbalance which characterizes pain condition and report the implications of reduced DA levels for pain in Parkinson's disease. Lastly, we discuss the potential of the eCB-DA system in the development of future therapeutic strategies for the treatment of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mancini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, c/o Mondino Foundation Via Mondino, 2, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Alessandra Calculli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, c/o Mondino Foundation Via Mondino, 2, Pavia, 27100, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Deborah Di Martino
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, c/o Mondino Foundation Via Mondino, 2, Pavia, 27100, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, c/o Mondino Foundation Via Mondino, 2, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
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Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage PDE, Kim JS, Shin T, Moon C. Understanding the spectrum of non-motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis: insights from animal models. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:84-91. [PMID: 37488849 PMCID: PMC10479859 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.375307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is generally considered to be a non-traumatic, physically debilitating neurological disorder. In addition to experiencing motor disability, patients with multiple sclerosis also experience a variety of non-motor symptoms, including cognitive deficits, anxiety, depression, sensory impairments, and pain. However, the pathogenesis and treatment of such non-motor symptoms in multiple sclerosis are still under research. Preclinical studies for multiple sclerosis benefit from the use of disease-appropriate animal models, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Prior to understanding the pathophysiology and developing treatments for non-motor symptoms, it is critical to characterize the animal model in terms of its ability to replicate certain non-motor features of multiple sclerosis. As such, no single animal model can mimic the entire spectrum of symptoms. This review focuses on the non-motor symptoms that have been investigated in animal models of multiple sclerosis as well as possible underlying mechanisms. Further, we highlighted gaps in the literature to explain the non-motor aspects of multiple sclerosis in experimental animal models, which will serve as the basis for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima D. E. Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong-Sun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Taekyun Shin
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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5
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Lima TS. Beyond an inflammatory mediator: Interleukin-1 in neurophysiology. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:917-924. [PMID: 37031383 PMCID: PMC10988528 DOI: 10.1113/ep090780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? This review focuses on the physiological role of the cytokine interleukin-1β in the CNS. What advances does it highlight? Traditionally, interleukin-1β is known as a key mediator of inflammation and immunity. This review highlights the more recent findings describing how interleukin-1β signalling is required to maintain homeostasis in the CNS. ABSTRACT Since its discovery in the early 1940s, the interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytokine family has been associated primarily with acute and chronic inflammation. The family member IL-1β is produced by different leucocytes, endothelial cells and epithelial cells. This cytokine has been characterized as a key modulator of inflammation and innate immunity because it induces the transcription of several downstream inflammatory genes. More recently, several groups have demonstrated that IL-1β production is also required to maintain homeostasis in several organ systems. This review focuses on providing an overview of the more recently characterized role of IL-1β in the physiology of the CNS. So far, IL-1β signalling has been implicated in neuronal survival, neurite growth, synaptic pruning, synaptic transmission, neuroplasticity and neuroendocrine functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane S. Lima
- Department of Biological SciencesCalifornia State Polytechnic UniversityPomonaCaliforniaUSA
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Sirbu CA, Georgescu R, Pleşa FC, Paunescu A, Marilena Ţânţu M, Nicolae AC, Caloianu I, Mitrica M. Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Multiple Sclerosis: From Experimental Models to Clinical Practice-A Review. Am J Ther 2023; 30:e220-e231. [PMID: 37278703 DOI: 10.1097/mjt.0000000000001568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As far as 80% of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience disabling symptoms in the course of the disease, such as spasticity and neuropathic pain. As first-line symptomatic therapy is associated with important adverse reactions, cannabinoids have become increasingly popular among patients with MS. This review intends to provide an overview of the evidence of the role of cannabinoids in treating symptoms related to MS and to encourage further research on this matter. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY To date, the evidence supporting the role of cannabis and its derivatives in alleviating the MS-related symptoms comes only from studies on experimental models of demyelination. To the best of our knowledge, relatively few clinical trials inquired about the therapeutic effects of cannabinoids on patients with MS, with variable results. DATA SOURCES We conducted a literature search through PubMed and Google Scholar from the beginning until 2022. We included articles in English describing the latest findings regarding the endocannabinoid system, the pharmacology of cannabinoids, and their therapeutic purpose in MS. RESULTS Evidence from preclinical studies showed that cannabinoids can limit the demyelination process, promote remyelination, and have anti-inflammatory properties by reducing immune cell infiltration of the central nervous system in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Moreover, it has been established that experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice treated with cannabinoids experienced a significant reduction of symptoms and slowing of the disease progression. Given the complexity of human immune and nervous systems, cannabinoids did not have the anticipated effects on human subjects. However, data obtained from clinical trials showed some beneficial results of cannabinoids as a single or as add-on therapy in reducing the spasticity and pain related to MS. CONCLUSION Considering their various mechanisms of action and good tolerability, cannabinoids remain an interesting therapy for spasticity and chronic pain related to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen-Adella Sirbu
- Department of Neurology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra Georgescu
- Department of Neurology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Florentina Cristina Pleşa
- Department of Neurology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Paunescu
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Pitesti, Faculty of Sciences, Physical Education and Informatics, Piteşti, Romania
| | - Monica Marilena Ţânţu
- Department of Health Care and Physical Therapy, University of Pitesti, Faculty of Sciences, Physical Education and Informatics, Piteşti, Romania
| | - Alina Crenguţa Nicolae
- Biochemistry Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; and
| | - Ionut Caloianu
- Department of Neurology, "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Mitrica
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest, Romania
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Wang C, Lv J, Zhu Q, Zhuang W, Xie L, Liu G, Saimaier K, Shi C, Hua Q, Yue R, Du C. Novel evaluation indicators of MOG 35∼55 induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6J mice. Immunobiology 2023; 228:152341. [PMID: 36680977 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2023.152341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by demyelinating neuropathy. Despite a long period of research on the immune mechanisms involved in CNS diseases, the etiology of MS remains unknown. MS may present with different clinical and pathological manifestations due to the involvement of different pathogenic processes, including balance and mobility disorders, psychiatric abnormalities, and intestinal dysfunction. We used an animal model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), to assess clinical symptoms of MS with the aim of creating new indicators for the assessment of EAE. Our results show that EAE mice develop severe bone loss, anxiety-like moods, and intestinal inflammation in addition to clinical phenomena such as inflammatory infiltration and demyelination of the spinal cord. Our new indicators aim to provide a more comprehensive assessment of MS to avoid the pitfalls of a single intervention and also to provide a more systematic assessment of the effectiveness of drugs used to treat MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qiaoling Zhu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ling Xie
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guangyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Kaidireya Saimaier
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Changjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qiuhong Hua
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Changsheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Menculini G, Mancini A, Gaetani L, Bellingacci L, Tortorella A, Parnetti L, Di Filippo M. Psychiatric symptoms in multiple sclerosis: a biological perspective on synaptic and network dysfunction. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2023; 94:389-395. [PMID: 36653171 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2022-329806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric symptoms frequently occur in multiple sclerosis (MS), presenting with a complex phenomenology that encompasses a large clinical spectrum from clear-cut psychiatric disorders up to isolated psychopathological manifestations. Despite their relevant impact on the overall disease burden, such clinical features are often misdiagnosed, receive suboptimal treatment and are not systematically evaluated in the quantification of disease activity. The development of psychiatric symptoms in MS underpins a complex pathogenesis involving both emotional reactions to a disabling disease and structural multifocal central nervous system damage. Here, we review MS psychopathological manifestations under a biological perspective, highlighting the pathogenic relevance of synaptic and neural network dysfunction. Evidence obtained from human and experimental disease models suggests that MS-related psychiatric phenomenology is part of a disconnection syndrome due to diffuse inflammatory and neurodegenerative brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Menculini
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gaetani
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Bellingacci
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alfonso Tortorella
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Di Filippo
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Gilio L, Fresegna D, Gentile A, Guadalupi L, Sanna K, De Vito F, Balletta S, Caioli S, Rizzo FR, Musella A, Iezzi E, Moscatelli A, Galifi G, Fantozzi R, Bellantonio P, Furlan R, Finardi A, Vanni V, Dolcetti E, Bruno A, Buttari F, Mandolesi G, Centonze D, Stampanoni Bassi M. Preventive exercise attenuates IL-2-driven mood disorders in multiple sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 172:105817. [PMID: 35835361 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of specific proinflammatory molecules in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been associated with disability progression, enhanced neurodegeneration and higher incidence of mood disorders in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Studies in animal models of MS suggest that preventive exercise may play an immunomodulatory activity, with beneficial effects on both motor deficits and behavioral alterations. Here we explored the impact of lifestyle physical activity on clinical presentation and associated central inflammation in a large group of newly diagnosed patients with MS. Furthermore, we addressed the causal link between exercise-mediated immunomodulation and mood symptoms in the animal setting. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 235 relapsing-remitting MS patients at the time of the diagnosis. Patients were divided into 3 groups ("sedentary", "lifestyle physical activity" and "exercise") according to the level of physical activity in the six months preceding the evaluation. Patients underwent clinical, neuropsychological and psychiatric evaluation, magnetic resonance imaging and lumbar puncture for diagnostic purposes. The CSF levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed and compared with a group of 80 individuals with non-inflammatory and non-degenerative diseases. Behavioral and electrophysiological studies were carried out in control mice receiving intracerebral injection of IL-2 or vehicle. Behavior was also assessed in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), animal model of MS, reared in standard (sedentary group) or running wheel-equipped (exercise group) cages. RESULTS In exercising MS patients, depression and anxiety were reduced compared to sedentary patients. The CSF levels of the interleukin-2 and 6 (IL-2, IL-6) were increased in MS patients compared with control individuals. In MS subjects exercise was associated with normalized CSF levels of IL-2. In EAE mice exercise started before disease onset reduced both behavioral alterations and striatal IL-2 expression. Notably, a causal role of IL-2 in mood disorders was shown. IL-2 administration in control healthy mice induced anxious- and depressive-like behaviors and impaired type-1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor-mediated neurotransmission at GABAergic synapses, mimicking EAE-induced synaptic dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate an immunomodulatory effect of exercise in MS patients, associated with reduced CSF expression of IL-2, which might result in reduced mood disorders. These data suggest that exercise in the early stages may act as a disease-modifying therapy in MS although further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Gilio
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Diego Fresegna
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Livia Guadalupi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Krizia Sanna
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sara Balletta
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Caioli
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Musella
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ennio Iezzi
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Alessandro Moscatelli
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Roberto Furlan
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanni
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Bruno
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy; Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
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Abstract
To date, much of the focus of gut-brain axis research has been on gut microbiota regulation of anxiety and stress-related behaviors. Much less attention has been directed to potential connections between gut microbiota and compulsive behavior. Here, we discuss a potential link between gut barrier dysfunction and compulsive behavior that is mediated through "type 2" rather than "type 1" inflammation. We examine connections between compulsive behavior and type 2 inflammation in Tourette syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism, addiction, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Next, we discuss potential connections between gut barrier dysfunction, type 2 inflammation, and compulsive behavior. We posit a potential mechanism whereby gut barrier dysfunction-associated type 2 inflammation may drive compulsive behavior through histamine regulation of dopamine neurotransmission. Finally, we discuss the possibility of exploiting the greater accessibility of the gut relative to the brain in identifying targets to treat compulsive behavior disorders.
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11
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Démosthènes A, Sion B, Giraudet F, Moisset X, Daulhac L, Eschalier A, Bégou M. In-Depth Characterization of Somatic and Orofacial Sensitive Dysfunctions and Interfering-Symptoms in a Relapsing-Remitting Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mouse Model. Front Neurol 2022; 12:789432. [PMID: 35111128 PMCID: PMC8801881 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.789432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the many symptoms (motor, sensory, and cognitive) associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic pain is a common disabling condition. In particular, neuropathic pain symptoms are very prevalent and debilitating, even in early stages of the disease. Unfortunately, chronic pain still lacks efficient therapeutic agents. Progress is needed (i) clinically by better characterizing pain symptoms in MS and understanding the underlying mechanisms, and (ii) preclinically by developing a more closely dedicated model to identify new therapeutic targets and evaluate new drugs. In this setting, new variants of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) are currently developed in mice to exhibit less severe motor impairments, thereby avoiding confounding factors in assessing pain behaviors over the disease course. Among these, the optimized relapsing-remitting EAE (QuilA-EAE) mouse model, induced using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide fragment (35–55), pertussis toxin, and quillaja bark saponin, seems very promising. Our study sought (i) to better define sensitive dysfunctions and (ii) to extend behavioral characterization to interfering symptoms often associated with pain during MS, such as mood disturbances, fatigue, and cognitive impairment, in this optimized QuilA-EAE model. We made an in-depth characterization of this optimized QuilA-EAE model, describing for the first time somatic thermal hyperalgesia associated with mechanical and cold allodynia. Evaluation of orofacial pain sensitivity showed no mechanical or thermal allodynia. Detailed evaluation of motor behaviors highlighted slight defects in fine motor coordination in the QuilA-EAE mice but without impact on pain evaluation. Finally, no anxiety-related or cognitive impairment was observed during the peak of sensitive symptoms. Pharmacologically, as previously described, we found that pregabalin, a treatment commonly used in neuropathic pain patients, induced an analgesic effect on mechanical allodynia. In addition, we showed an anti-hyperalgesic thermal effect on this model. Our results demonstrate that this QuilA-EAE model is clearly of interest for studying pain symptom development and so could be used to identify and evaluate new therapeutic targets. The presence of interfering symptoms still needs to be further characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Démosthènes
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Faculté de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Institut Analgesia, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Benoît Sion
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Faculté de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Institut Analgesia, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabrice Giraudet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Faculté de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Institut Analgesia, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Xavier Moisset
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Faculté de Médecine, Institut Analgesia, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurence Daulhac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Faculté de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Institut Analgesia, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alain Eschalier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Faculté de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Institut Analgesia, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélina Bégou
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm, Neuro-Dol, Faculté de Pharmacie, Faculté de Médecine, Institut Analgesia, BP38, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Mélina Bégou
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12
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Silva BA, Farías MI, Miglietta EA, Leal MC, Ávalos JC, Pitossi FJ, Ferrari CC. Understanding the role of the blood brain barrier and peripheral inflammation on behavior and pathology on ongoing confined cortical lesions. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 57:103346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Peres DS, Theisen MC, Fialho MFP, Dalenogare DP, Rodrigues P, Kudsi SQ, Bernardes LDB, Ruviaro da Silva NA, Lückemeyer DD, Sampaio TB, Pereira GC, Mello FK, Ferreira J, Bochi GV, Oliveira SM, de David Antoniazzi CT, Trevisan G. TRPA1 involvement in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in a progressive multiple sclerosis model in mice. Brain Res Bull 2021; 175:1-15. [PMID: 34280479 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) is a neurological disease associated with the development of depression and anxiety, but treatments available are unsatisfactory. The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a cationic channel activated by reactive compounds, and the blockage of this receptor can reduce depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in naive mice. Thus, we investigated the role of TRPA1 in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in a PMS model in mice. PMS model was induced in C57BL/6 female mice by the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Nine days after the PMS-EAE induction, behavioral tests (tail suspension and elevated plus maze tests) were performed to verify the effects of sertraline (positive control), selective TRPA1 antagonist (A-967,079), and antioxidants (α-lipoic acid and apocynin). The prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were collected to evaluate biochemical and inflammatory markers. PMS-EAE induction did not cause locomotor changes but triggered depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, which were reversed by sertraline, A-967,079, α-lipoic acid, or apocynin treatments. The neuroinflammatory markers (AIF1, GFAP, IL-1β, IL-17, and TNF-α) were increased in mice's hippocampus. Moreover, this model did not alter TRPA1 RNA expression levels in the hippocampus but decrease TRPA1 levels in the prefrontal cortex. Moreover, PMS-EAE induced an increase in NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities and TRPA1 endogenous agonist levels (hydrogen peroxide and 4-hydroxynonenal). TRPA1 plays a fundamental role in depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in a PMS-EAE model; thus, it could be a possible pharmacological target for treating these symptoms in PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diulle Spat Peres
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Patrícia Rodrigues
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Qader Kudsi
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juliano Ferreira
- Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Acharjee S, Gordon PMK, Lee BH, Read J, Workentine ML, Sharkey KA, Pittman QJ. Characterization of microglial transcriptomes in the brain and spinal cord of mice in early and late experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using a RiboTag strategy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14319. [PMID: 34253764 PMCID: PMC8275680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93590-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and the mouse model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). To more fully understand the role of microglia in EAE we characterized microglial transcriptomes before the onset of motor symptoms (pre-onset) and during symptomatic EAE. We compared the transcriptome in brain, where behavioral changes are initiated, and spinal cord, where damage is revealed as motor and sensory deficits. We used a RiboTag strategy to characterize ribosome-bound mRNA only in microglia without incurring possible transcriptional changes after cell isolation. Brain and spinal cord samples clustered separately at both stages of EAE, indicating regional heterogeneity. Differences in gene expression were observed in the brain and spinal cord of pre-onset and symptomatic animals with most profound effects in the spinal cord of symptomatic animals. Canonical pathway analysis revealed changes in neuroinflammatory pathways, immune functions and enhanced cell division in both pre-onset and symptomatic brain and spinal cord. We also observed a continuum of many pathways at pre-onset stage that continue into the symptomatic stage of EAE. Our results provide additional evidence of regional and temporal heterogeneity in microglial gene expression patterns that may help in understanding mechanisms underlying various symptomology in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaona Acharjee
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Paul M K Gordon
- Centre for Health Genomics and Informatics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Benjamin H Lee
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Justin Read
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Matthew L Workentine
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Quentin J Pittman
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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15
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Ferreira AM, Leal B, Ferreira I, Brás S, Moreira I, Samões R, Sousa AP, Santos E, Silva B, Costa PP, Cavaco S, Martins da Silva A. Depression and anxiety in multiple sclerosis patients: The role of genetic variability of interleukin 1β. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 52:102982. [PMID: 34004436 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disorders, as depression and anxiety, are frequent in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. High pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (e.g. IL-1β) have been reported in depressed individuals. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the role of the rs16944 (IL-1β-511 C>T) polymorphism in the development of anxiety and depression symptoms in a Portuguese cohort of MS patients. METHODS 393 MS patients answered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at T1. This questionnaire was reapplied to a subgroup of 175 MS patients approximately three years later (T2). HADS cut-off scores for anxiety and depression were respectively ≥11 and ≥8. RESULTS At T1, anxiety was found in 106 MS patients (27.0%) and 11 controls (16.7%); whereas depression was identified in 116 (29.5%) MS patients and 9 controls (13.6%). Persistent anxiety and depression were respectively recorded in 12% and 20% of MS patients. The rs16944TT genotype was found to be a susceptibility factor for the occurrence of depression at T1 (OR = 3.16, p=0.002) and the development of persistent depression (OR = 5.63, p=0.003) in MS. CONCLUSION Study results support the hypothesis that inflammation is a significant factor in psychopathology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marta Ferreira
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Bárbara Leal
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês Ferreira
- Unidade de Neuropsicologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Portugal.
| | - Sandra Brás
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Inês Moreira
- Unidade de Neuropsicologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Portugal.
| | - Raquel Samões
- Serviço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Portugal.
| | - Ana Paula Sousa
- Serviço de Neurofisiologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Portugal.
| | - Ernestina Santos
- Serviço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Portugal; Serviço de Neurofisiologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Portugal.
| | - Berta Silva
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Pinho Costa
- Laboratório de Imunogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge - Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sara Cavaco
- Unidade de Neuropsicologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Portugal.
| | - Ana Martins da Silva
- Unidade Multidisciplinar de Investigação Biomédica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar - Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Serviço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto - Hospital de Santo António, Portugal.
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16
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Insights into the Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Symptoms in Central Nervous System Disorders: Implications for Early and Differential Diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094440. [PMID: 33922780 PMCID: PMC8123079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Different psychopathological manifestations, such as affective, psychotic, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and impulse control disturbances, may occur in most central nervous system (CNS) disorders including neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. Psychiatric symptoms often represent the clinical onset of such disorders, thus potentially leading to misdiagnosis, delay in treatment, and a worse outcome. In this review, psychiatric symptoms observed along the course of several neurological diseases, namely Alzheimer’s disease, fronto-temporal dementia, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, are discussed, as well as the involved brain circuits and molecular/synaptic alterations. Special attention has been paid to the emerging role of fluid biomarkers in early detection of these neurodegenerative diseases. The frequent occurrence of psychiatric symptoms in neurological diseases, even as the first clinical manifestations, should prompt neurologists and psychiatrists to share a common clinico-biological background and a coordinated diagnostic approach.
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17
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Mancini A, Ghiglieri V, Parnetti L, Calabresi P, Di Filippo M. Neuro-Immune Cross-Talk in the Striatum: From Basal Ganglia Physiology to Circuit Dysfunction. Front Immunol 2021; 12:644294. [PMID: 33953715 PMCID: PMC8091963 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.644294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia network is represented by an interconnected group of subcortical nuclei traditionally thought to play a crucial role in motor learning and movement execution. During the last decades, knowledge about basal ganglia physiology significantly evolved and this network is now considered as a key regulator of important cognitive and emotional processes. Accordingly, the disruption of basal ganglia network dynamics represents a crucial pathogenic factor in many neurological and psychiatric disorders. The striatum is the input station of the circuit. Thanks to the synaptic properties of striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and their ability to express synaptic plasticity, the striatum exerts a fundamental integrative and filtering role in the basal ganglia network, influencing the functional output of the whole circuit. Although it is currently established that the immune system is able to regulate neuronal transmission and plasticity in specific cortical areas, the role played by immune molecules and immune/glial cells in the modulation of intra-striatal connections and basal ganglia activity still needs to be clarified. In this manuscript, we review the available evidence of immune-based regulation of synaptic activity in the striatum, also discussing how an abnormal immune activation in this region could be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and degenerative central nervous system (CNS) diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mancini
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Section of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Di Filippo
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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18
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Kwilasz AJ, Green Fulgham SM, Duran-Malle JC, Schrama AEW, Mitten EH, Todd LS, Patel HP, Larson TA, Clements MA, Harris KM, Litwiler ST, Harvey LO, Maier SF, Chavez RA, Rice KC, Van Dam AM, Watkins LR. Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 antagonism for the treatment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)-related pain. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:80-95. [PMID: 33358978 PMCID: PMC8475740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a major symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) with up to 92% of patients reporting bodily pain, and 85% reporting pain severe enough to cause functional disability. None of the available therapeutics target MS pain. Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2/TLR4) have emerged as targets for treating a wide array of autoimmune disorders, including MS, as well as having demonstrated success at suppressing pain in diverse animal models. The current series of studies tested systemic TLR2/TLR4 antagonists in males and females in a low-dose Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, with reduced motor dysfunction to allow unconfounded testing of allodynia through 50+ days post-MOG. The data demonstrated that blocking TLR2/TLR4 suppressed EAE-related pain, equally in males and females; upregulation of dorsal spinal cord proinflammatory gene expression for TLR2, TLR4, NLRP3, interleukin-1β, IkBα, TNF-α and interleukin-17; and upregulation of dorsal spinal cord expression of glial immunoreactivity markers. In support of these results, intrathecal interleukin-1 receptor antagonist reversed EAE-induced allodynia, both early and late after EAE induction. In contrast, blocking TLR2/TLR4 did not suppress EAE-induced motor disturbances induced by a higher MOG dose. These data suggest that blocking TLR2/TLR4 prevents the production of proinflammatory factors involved in low dose EAE pathology. Moreover, in this EAE model, TLR2/TLR4 antagonists were highly effective in reducing pain, whereas motor impairment, as seen in high dose MOG EAE, is not affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Kwilasz
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States.
| | - Suzanne M Green Fulgham
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Julissa Chante Duran-Malle
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Anouk E W Schrama
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Eric H Mitten
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Laurel S Todd
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Hardik P Patel
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Tracey A Larson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Madison A Clements
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Kevin M Harris
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Scott T Litwiler
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Lewis O Harvey
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Steven F Maier
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
| | | | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Anne-Marie Van Dam
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Linda R Watkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States; The Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States
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19
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Bruno A, Dolcetti E, Rizzo FR, Fresegna D, Musella A, Gentile A, De Vito F, Caioli S, Guadalupi L, Bullitta S, Vanni V, Balletta S, Sanna K, Buttari F, Stampanoni Bassi M, Centonze D, Mandolesi G. Inflammation-Associated Synaptic Alterations as Shared Threads in Depression and Multiple Sclerosis. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:169. [PMID: 32655374 PMCID: PMC7324636 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past years, several theories have been advanced to explain the pathogenesis of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), a neuropsychiatric disease that causes disability in general population. Several theories have been proposed to define the MDD pathophysiology such as the classic "monoamine-theory" or the "glutamate hypothesis." All these theories have been recently integrated by evidence highlighting inflammation as a pivotal player in developing depressive symptoms. Proinflammatory cytokines have been indeed claimed to contribute to stress-induced mood disturbances and to major depression, indicating a widespread role of classical mediators of inflammation in emotional control. Moreover, during systemic inflammatory diseases, peripherally released cytokines circulate in the blood, reach the brain and cause anxiety, anhedonia, social withdrawal, fatigue, and sleep disturbances. Accordingly, chronic inflammatory disorders, such as the inflammatory autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis (MS), have been associated to higher risk of MDD, in comparison with overall population. Importantly, in both MS patients and in its experimental mouse model, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), the notion that depressive symptoms are reactive epiphenomenon to the MS pathology has been recently challenged by the evidence of their early manifestation, even before the onset of the disease. Furthermore, in association to such mood disturbance, inflammatory-dependent synaptic dysfunctions in several areas of MS/EAE brain have been observed independently of brain lesions and demyelination. This evidence suggests that a fine interplay between the immune and nervous systems can have a huge impact on several neurological functions, including depressive symptoms, in different pathological conditions. The aim of the present review is to shed light on common traits between MDD and MS, by looking at inflammatory-dependent synaptic alterations associated with depression in both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Bruno
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Dolcetti
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Rizzo
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Fresegna
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Musella
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca De Vito
- Unit of Neurology, Mediterranean Neurological Institute IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Silvia Caioli
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Guadalupi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bullitta
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanni
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Balletta
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Krizia Sanna
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, Mediterranean Neurological Institute IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | | | - Diego Centonze
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Unit of Neurology, Mediterranean Neurological Institute IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, University of Rome San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
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20
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Barrière DA, Boumezbeur F, Dalmann R, Cadeddu R, Richard D, Pinguet J, Daulhac L, Sarret P, Whittingstall K, Keller M, Mériaux S, Eschalier A, Mallet C. Paracetamol is a centrally acting analgesic using mechanisms located in the periaqueductal grey. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:1773-1792. [PMID: 31734950 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We previously demonstrated that paracetamol has to be metabolised in the brain by fatty acid amide hydrolase enzyme into AM404 (N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenamide) to activate CB1 receptors and TRPV1 channels, which mediate its analgesic effect. However, the brain mechanisms supporting paracetamol-induced analgesia remain unknown. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of paracetamol on brain function in Sprague-Dawley rats were determined by functional MRI. Levels of neurotransmitters in the periaqueductal grey (PAG) were measured using in vivo 1 H-NMR and microdialysis. Analgesic effects of paracetamol were assessed by behavioural tests and challenged with different inhibitors, administered systemically or microinjected in the PAG. KEY RESULTS Paracetamol decreased the connectivity of major brain structures involved in pain processing (insula, somatosensory cortex, amygdala, hypothalamus, and the PAG). This effect was particularly prominent in the PAG, where paracetamol, after conversion to AM404, (a) modulated neuronal activity and functional connectivity, (b) promoted GABA and glutamate release, and (c) activated a TRPV1 channel-mGlu5 receptor-PLC-DAGL-CB1 receptor signalling cascade to exert its analgesic effects. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The elucidation of the mechanism of action of paracetamol as an analgesic paves the way for pharmacological innovations to improve the pharmacopoeia of analgesic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- David André Barrière
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CHU, NEURO-DOL Basics and Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Analgesia Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,NeuroSpin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Romain Dalmann
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CHU, NEURO-DOL Basics and Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Analgesia Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Roberto Cadeddu
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CHU, NEURO-DOL Basics and Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Analgesia Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Damien Richard
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CHU, NEURO-DOL Basics and Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Analgesia Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérémy Pinguet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CHU, NEURO-DOL Basics and Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Analgesia Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurence Daulhac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CHU, NEURO-DOL Basics and Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Analgesia Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Philippe Sarret
- Département de Physiologie et Biophysique/Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Kevin Whittingstall
- Département de Radiologie Diagnostique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Matthieu Keller
- UMR Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, INRA/CNRS/Université de Tours/IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Alain Eschalier
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CHU, NEURO-DOL Basics and Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Analgesia Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christophe Mallet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM, CHU, NEURO-DOL Basics and Clinical Pharmacology of Pain, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Analgesia Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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21
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Musella A, Fresegna D, Rizzo FR, Gentile A, De Vito F, Caioli S, Guadalupi L, Bruno A, Dolcetti E, Buttari F, Bullitta S, Vanni V, Centonze D, Mandolesi G. 'Prototypical' proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1) in multiple sclerosis: role in pathogenesis and therapeutic targeting. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:37-46. [PMID: 31899994 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1709823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: It has been recognized for about 20 years that interleukin (IL)-1 signaling is implicated in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a disabling, chronic, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Only recently, multifaceted roles of IL-1 emerged in MS pathophysiology as a result of both clinical and preclinical studies. Notably, drugs that directly target the IL-1 system have not been tested so far in MS.Areas covered: Recent studies in animal models, together with the development of ex vivo chimeric MS models, have disclosed a critical role for IL-1 not only at the peripheral level but also within the CNS. In the present review, we highlight the IL-1-dependent neuropathological aspects of MS, by providing an overview of the cells of the immune and CNS systems that respond to IL-1 signaling, and by emphasizing the subsequent effects on the CNS, from demyelinating processes, to synaptopathy, and excitotoxicity.Expert opinion: Drugs that act on the IL-1 system show a therapeutic potential in several autoinflammatory diseases and preclinical studies have highlighted the effects of these compounds in MS. We will discuss why anti-IL-1 therapies in MS have been neglected to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Musella
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Fresegna
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Rizzo
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Gentile
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Caioli
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Guadalupi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ettore Dolcetti
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Silvia Bullitta
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanni
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Synaptic Immunopathology Lab, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,San Raffaele University, Rome, Italy
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22
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Sen MK, Mahns DA, Coorssen JR, Shortland PJ. Behavioural phenotypes in the cuprizone model of central nervous system demyelination. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:23-46. [PMID: 31442519 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The feeding of cuprizone (CPZ) to animals has been extensively used to model the processes of demyelination and remyelination, with many papers adopting a narrative linked to demyelinating conditions like multiple sclerosis (MS), the aetiology of which is unknown. However, no current animal model faithfully replicates the myriad of symptoms seen in the clinical condition of MS. CPZ ingestion causes mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum stress and subsequent apoptosis of oligodendrocytes leads to central nervous system demyelination and glial cell activation. Although there are a wide variety of behavioural tests available for characterizing the functional deficits in animal models of disease, including that of CPZ-induced deficits, they have focused on a narrow subset of outcomes such as motor performance, cognition, and anxiety. The literature has not been systematically reviewed in relation to these or other symptoms associated with clinical MS. This paper reviews these tests and makes recommendations as to which are the most important in order to better understand the role of this model in examining aspects of demyelinating diseases like MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monokesh K Sen
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David A Mahns
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jens R Coorssen
- Departments of Health Sciences and Biological Sciences, Faculties of Applied Health Sciences and Mathematics & Science, Brock University, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Peter J Shortland
- Science and Health, Western Sydney University, New South Wales, Australia.
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23
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Handling stress impairs learning through a mechanism involving caspase-1 activation and adenosine signaling. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:763-776. [PMID: 31108171 PMCID: PMC6664453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute stressors can induce fear and physiologic responses that prepare the body to protect from danger. A key component of this response is immune system readiness. In particular, inflammasome activation appears critical to linking stress to the immune system. Here, we show that a novel combination of handling procedures used regularly in mouse research impairs novel object recognition (NOR) and activates caspase-1 in the amygdala. In male mice, this handling-stress paradigm combined weighing, scruffing and sham abdominal injection once per hr. While one round of weigh/scruff/needle-stick had no impact on NOR, two rounds compromised NOR without impacting location memory or anxiety-like behaviors. Caspase-1 knockout (KO), IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) KO and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-RA)-administered mice were resistant to handling stress-induced loss of NOR. In addition, examination of the brain showed that handling stress increased caspase-1 activity 85% in the amygdala without impacting hippocampal caspase-1 activity. To delineate danger signals relevant to handling stress, caffeine-administered and adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) KO mice were tested and found resistant to impaired learning and caspase-1 activation. Finally, mice treated with the β-adrenergic receptor antagonist, propranolol, were resistant to handling stress-induced loss of NOR and caspase-1 activation. Taken together, these results indicate that handling stress-induced impairment of object learning is reliant on a pathway requiring A2AR-dependent activation of caspase-1 in the amygdala that appears contingent on β-adrenergic receptor functionality.
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24
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Duarte-Silva E, Macedo D, Maes M, Peixoto CA. Novel insights into the mechanisms underlying depression-associated experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 93:1-10. [PMID: 30849414 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination and neuroaxonal degeneration affecting >2 million people around the world. MS is often accompanied by psychiatric comorbidities such as major depressive disorder (MDD), which presents a lifetime prevalence of around 50% in MS patients. Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model extensively used to study MS. EAE mimics the autoimmune nature of MS, as well as its inflammatory and demyelinating mechanisms also presenting predictive validity. There are important similarities between EAE and MS-associated depression (MSD). The mechanisms shared by these disorders include peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunctions, oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, lowered antioxidant defenses, increased bacterial translocation into the systemic circulation, and microglial pathology. Although the role of the immune-inflammatory system in MDD has been established in the 1990's, only few studies addressed immune pathways as a major determinant of depressive-like behavior in EAE. Therefore, in the present study we aimed at revising the current literature on EAE as an animal model to investigate the comorbidity between MS and MDD. In this regard, we revised the current literature on behavioral alterations in EAE, the possible mechanisms involved in this comorbidity and the potential and limitations of using this animal model to study depressive-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Duarte-Silva
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology for Health (PPGBBS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ-PE)/Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Macedo
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Michael Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Christina Alves Peixoto
- Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil; Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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25
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Wang J, Sui RX, Miao Q, Wang Q, Song LJ, Yu JZ, Li YH, Xiao BG, Ma CG. Hydroxyfasudil alleviates demyelination through the inhibition of MOG antibody and microglia activation in cuprizone mouse model. Clin Immunol 2019; 201:35-47. [PMID: 30660624 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system characterized by oligodendrocyte loss and progressive neurodegeneration. The cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination is widely used to investigate the demyelination/remyelination. Here, we explored the therapeutic effects of Hydroxyfasudil (HF), an active metabolite of Fasudil, in CPZ model. HF improved behavioral abnormality and reduced myelin damage in the corpus callosum. Splenic atrophy and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody were observed in CPZ model, which were partially restored and obviously inhibited by HF, therefore reducing pathogenic binding of MOG antibody to oligodendrocytes. HF inhibited the percentages of CD4+IL-17+ T cells from splenocytes and infiltration of CD4+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages in the brain. HF also declined microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, and promoted the production of astrocyte-derived brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and regeneration of NG2+ oligodendrocyte precursor cells. These results provide potent evidence for the therapeutic effects of HF in CPZ-induced demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030001, China
| | - Ruo-Xuan Sui
- The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan030024, China
| | - Qiang Miao
- The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan030024, China
| | - Qing Wang
- The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan030024, China
| | - Li-Juan Song
- The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan030024, China
| | - Jie-Zhong Yu
- Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong037009, China
| | - Yan-Hua Li
- Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong037009, China
| | - Bao-Guo Xiao
- Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Brain Science and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Cun-Gen Ma
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan030001, China; The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan030024, China; Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong037009, China.
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26
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Patel RR, Khom S, Steinman MQ, Varodayan FP, Kiosses WB, Hedges DM, Vlkolinsky R, Nadav T, Polis I, Bajo M, Roberts AJ, Roberto M. IL-1β expression is increased and regulates GABA transmission following chronic ethanol in mouse central amygdala. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 75:208-219. [PMID: 30791967 PMCID: PMC6383367 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interleukin-1 system (IL-1) is a prominent pro-inflammatory pathway responsible for the initiation and regulation of immune responses. Human genetic and preclinical studies suggest a critical role for IL-1β signaling in ethanol drinking and dependence, but little is known about the effects of chronic ethanol on the IL-1 system in addiction-related brain regions such as the central amygdala (CeA). In this study, we generated naïve, non-dependent (Non-Dep) and dependent (Dep) male mice using a paradigm of chronic-intermittent ethanol vapor exposure interspersed with two-bottle choice to examine 1) the expression of IL-1β, 2) the role of the IL-1 system on GABAergic transmission, and 3) the potential interaction with the acute effects of ethanol in the CeA. Immunohistochemistry with confocal microscopy was used to assess expression of IL-1β in microglia and neurons in the CeA, and whole-cell patch clamp recordings were obtained from CeA neurons to measure the effects of IL-1β (50 ng/ml) or the endogenous IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra; 100 ng/ml) on action potential-dependent spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs). Overall, we found that IL-1β expression is significantly increased in microglia and neurons of Dep compared to Non-Dep and naïve mice, IL-1β and IL-1ra bi-directionally modulate GABA transmission through both pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms in all three groups, and IL-1β and IL-1ra do not alter the facilitation of GABA release induced by acute ethanol. These data suggest that while ethanol dependence induces a neuroimmune response in the CeA, as indicated by increased IL-1β expression, this does not significantly alter the neuromodulatory role of IL-1β on synaptic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reesha R Patel
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Sophia Khom
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael Q Steinman
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Florence P Varodayan
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - William B Kiosses
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - David M Hedges
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Roman Vlkolinsky
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tali Nadav
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ilham Polis
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michal Bajo
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Amanda J Roberts
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marisa Roberto
- The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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27
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Stampanoni Bassi M, Gilio L, Maffei P, Dolcetti E, Bruno A, Buttari F, Centonze D, Iezzi E. Exploiting the Multifaceted Effects of Cannabinoids on Mood to Boost Their Therapeutic Use Against Anxiety and Depression. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:424. [PMID: 30515077 PMCID: PMC6256035 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been recently recognized as a prominent promoter of the emotional homeostasis, mediating the effects of different environmental signals including rewarding and stressing stimuli. The ECS modulates the rewarding effects of environmental stimuli, influencing synaptic transmission in the dopaminergic projections to the limbic system, and mediates the neurophysiological and behavioral consequences of stress. Notably, the individual psychosocial context is another key element modulating the activity of the ECS. Finally, inflammation represents an additional factor that could alter the cannabinoid signaling in the CNS inducing a "sickness behavior," characterized by anxiety, anhedonia, and depressive symptoms. The complex influences of the ECS on both the environmental and internal stimuli processing, make the cannabinoid-based drugs an appealing option to treat different psychiatric conditions. Although ample experimental evidence shows beneficial effects of ECS modulation on mood, scarce clinical indication limits the use of cannabis-based treatments. To better define the possible clinical indications of cannabinoid-based drugs in psychiatry, a number of issues should be better addressed, including genetic variability and psychosocial factors possibly affecting the individual response. In particular, better knowledge of the multifaceted effects of cannabinoids could help to understand how to boost their therapeutic use in anxiety and depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana Gilio
- Unit of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Maffei
- Unit of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Ettore Dolcetti
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ennio Iezzi
- Unit of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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28
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Aparicio N, Grande MT, Ruiz de Martín Esteban S, López A, Ruiz-Pérez G, Amores M, Vázquez C, Martínez-Relimpio AM, Pazos MR, Cravatt BF, Tolón RM, Romero J. Role of interleukin 1-beta in the inflammatory response in a fatty acid amide hydrolase-knockout mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 157:202-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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29
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Musella A, Gentile A, Rizzo FR, De Vito F, Fresegna D, Bullitta S, Vanni V, Guadalupi L, Stampanoni Bassi M, Buttari F, Centonze D, Mandolesi G. Interplay Between Age and Neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis: Effects on Motor and Cognitive Functions. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:238. [PMID: 30135651 PMCID: PMC6092506 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the main risk factors for the development of many neurodegenerative diseases. Emerging evidence has acknowledged neuroinflammation as potential trigger of the functional changes occurring during normal and pathological aging. Two main determinants have been recognized to cogently contribute to neuroinflammation in the aging brain, i.e., the systemic chronic low-grade inflammation and the decline in the regulation of adaptive and innate immune systems (immunosenescence, ISC). The persistence of the inflammatory status in the brain in turn may cause synaptopathy and synaptic plasticity impairments that underlie both motor and cognitive dysfunctions. Interestingly, such inflammation-dependent synaptic dysfunctions have been recently involved in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease, typically affecting young adults that cause an early and progressive deterioration of both cognitive and motor functions. Of note, recent controlled studies have clearly shown that age at onset modifies prognosis and exerts a significant effect on presenting phenotype, suggesting that aging is a significant factor associated to the clinical course of MS. Moreover, some lines of evidence point to the different impact of age on motor disability and cognitive deficits, being the former most affected than the latter. The precise contribution of aging-related factors to MS neurological disability and the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are still unclear. In the present review article, we first emphasize the importance of the neuroinflammatory dependent mechanisms, such as synaptopathy and synaptic plasticity impairments, suggesting their potential exacerbation or acceleration with advancing age in the MS disease. Lastly, we provide an overview of clinical and experimental studies highlighting the different impact of age on motor disability and cognitive decline in MS, raising challenging questions on the putative age-related mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Musella
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,San Raffaele University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Gentile
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Neurology, Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (IRCCS Neuromed), Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Rizzo
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Vito
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Fresegna
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bullitta
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Vanni
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Livia Guadalupi
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (IRCCS Neuromed), Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Unit of Neurology, Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (IRCCS Neuromed), Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Georgia Mandolesi
- Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy.,San Raffaele University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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30
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Silva BA, Leal MC, Farías MI, Avalos JC, Besada CH, Pitossi FJ, Ferrari CC. A new focal model resembling features of cortical pathology of the progressive forms of multiple sclerosis: Influence of innate immunity. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 69:515-531. [PMID: 29378262 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disease of unknown aetiology that causes neurological disabilities in young adults. MS displays different clinical patterns, including recurrent episodes with remission periods ("relapsing-remitting MS" (RRMS)), which can progress over several years to a secondary progressive form (SPMS). However, 10% of patients display persistent progression at the onset of disease ("primary progressive MS" (PPMS)). Currently, no specific therapeutic agents are available for the progressive forms, mainly because the underlying pathogenic mechanisms are not clear and because no animal models have been specifically developed for these forms. The development of MS animal models is required to clarify the pathological mechanisms and to test novel therapeutic agents. In the present work, we overexpressed interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) in the cortex to develop an animal model reflecting the main pathological hallmarks of MS. The treated animals presented with neuroinflammation, demyelination, glial activation, and neurodegeneration along with cognitive symptoms and MRI images consistent with MS pathology. We also demonstrated the presence of meningeal inflammation close to cortical lesions, with characteristics similar to those described in MS patients. Systemic pro-inflammatory stimulation caused a flare-up of the cortical lesions and behavioural symptoms, including impairment of working memory and the appearance of anxiety-like symptoms. Our work demonstrated induced cortical lesions, reflecting the main histopathological hallmarks and cognitive impairments characterizing the cortical pathology described in MS patients with progressive forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenice Anabel Silva
- Institute of Basic Science and Experimental Medicine (ICBME), University Institute, Italian Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations of Buenos Aires, (IIBBA, CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Celeste Leal
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations of Buenos Aires, (IIBBA, CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Isabel Farías
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations of Buenos Aires, (IIBBA, CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Fernando Juan Pitossi
- Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations of Buenos Aires, (IIBBA, CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carina Cintia Ferrari
- Institute of Basic Science and Experimental Medicine (ICBME), University Institute, Italian Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Leloir Institute Foundation, Institute for Biochemical Investigations of Buenos Aires, (IIBBA, CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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31
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Liu X, Quan N. Microglia and CNS Interleukin-1: Beyond Immunological Concepts. Front Neurol 2018; 9:8. [PMID: 29410649 PMCID: PMC5787061 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of microglia and expression of the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the CNS have become almost synonymous with neuroinflammation. In numerous studies, increased CNS IL-1 expression and altered microglial morphology have been used as hallmarks of CNS inflammation. A central concept of how CNS IL-1 and microglia influence functions of the nervous system was derived from the notion initially generated in the peripheral immune system: IL-1 stimulates monocyte/macrophage (the peripheral counterparts of microglia) to amplify inflammation. It is increasingly clear, however, CNS IL-1 acts on other targets in the CNS and microglia participates in many neural functions that are not related to immunological activities. Further, CNS exhibits immunological privilege (although not as absolute as previously thought), rendering amplification of inflammation within CNS under stringent control. This review will analyze current literature to evaluate the contribution of immunological and non-immunological aspects of microglia/IL-1 interaction in the CNS to gain insights for how these aspects might affect health and disease in the nervous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- College of Medicine, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ning Quan
- College of Medicine, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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32
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Fields CT, Chassaing B, Castillo-Ruiz A, Osan R, Gewirtz AT, de Vries GJ. Effects of gut-derived endotoxin on anxiety-like and repetitive behaviors in male and female mice. Biol Sex Differ 2018; 9:7. [PMID: 29351816 PMCID: PMC5775597 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-018-0166-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut dysbiosis is observed in several neuropsychiatric disorders exhibiting increases in anxiety behavior, and recent work suggests links between gut inflammation and such disorders. One source of this inflammation may be lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a toxic component of gram-negative bacteria. Here, we (1) determine whether oral gavage of LPS, as a model of gut-derived endotoxemia, affects anxiety-like and/or repetitive behaviors; (2) test whether these changes depend on TLR4 signaling; and (3) test the extent to which gut-derived endotoxin and TLR4 antagonism affects males and females differently. METHODS In experiment 1, male wild-type (WT) and Tlr4-/- mice were tested for locomotor, anxiety-like, and repetitive behaviors in an automated open field test apparatus, 2 h after oral gavage of LPS or saline. In experiment 2, male and female WT mice received an oral gavage of LPS and an injection of one or two TLR4 antagonists that target different TLR4 signaling pathways ((+)-naloxone and LPS derived from R. sphaeroides (LPS-RS)). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify effects of treatment, sex, and genotype and their interaction. RESULTS In experiment 1, oral gavage of LPS increased anxiety-like behavior in male WT mice but not in Tlr4-/- mice. In experiment 2, oral gavage of LPS increased anxiety-like and decreased repetitive behaviors in WT mice of both sexes. Neither antagonist directly blocked the effects of orally administered LPS. However, treatment with (+)-naloxone, which blocks the TRIF pathway of TLR4, had opposing behavioral effects in males and females (independent of LPS treatment). We also identified sex differences in the expression of interleukin-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in the gut both in basal conditions and in response to LPS. CONCLUSION In spite of the ubiquitous nature of LPS in the gut lumen, this is the first study to demonstrate that intestinally derived LPS can initiate behavioral aspects of the sickness response. While an increased enteric load of LPS increases anxiety-like behavior in both sexes, it likely does so via sex-specific mechanisms. Similarly, TLR4 signaling may promote baseline expression of repetitive behavior differently in males and females. This study lays the groundwork for future interrogations into connections between gut-derived endotoxin and behavioral pathology in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoit Chassaing
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | | | - Remus Osan
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Andrew T. Gewirtz
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Geert J. de Vries
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
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33
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Song T, Ma X, Ma P, Gu K, Zhao J, Yang Y, Jiang B, Li Y, Wang C. Administrations of thalidomide into the rostral ventromedial medulla produce antinociceptive effects in a rat model of postoperative pain. J Neurosci Res 2017; 96:273-283. [PMID: 28758232 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tieying Song
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
| | - Pengyu Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
| | - Kunfeng Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
| | - Jianhui Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
| | - Yunliang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
| | - Yuxia Li
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
| | - Chunping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology; The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang; No. 36 Fanxi Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang 050011 Hebei province China
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Mandolesi G, Bullitta S, Fresegna D, Gentile A, De Vito F, Dolcetti E, Rizzo FR, Strimpakos G, Centonze D, Musella A. Interferon-γ causes mood abnormalities by altering cannabinoid CB1 receptor function in the mouse striatum. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 108:45-53. [PMID: 28757328 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1Rs) are heavily involved in MS pathophysiology, and a growing body of evidence suggests that mood disturbances reflect specific effects of proinflammatory cytokines on neuronal activity. Here, we investigated whether IFN-γ could exert a role in the anxiety- and depressive-like behavior observed in mice with EAE, and in the modulation of CB1Rs. Anxiety and depression in fact are often diagnosed in MS, and have already been shown to depend on cannabinoid system. We performed biochemical, behavioral and electrophysiological experiments to assess the role of IFN-γ on mood control and on synaptic transmission in mice. Intracerebroventricular delivery of IFN-γ caused a depressive- and anxiety-like behavior in mice, associated with the selective dysfunction of CB1Rs controlling GABA transmission in the striatum. EAE induction was associated with increased striatal expression of IFN-γ, and with CB1R transmission deficits, which were rescued by pharmacological blockade of IFN-γ. IFN-γ was unable to replicate the effects of EAE on excitatory and inhibitory transmission in the striatum, but mimicked the effects of EAE on CB1R function in this brain area. Overall these results indicate that IFN-γ exerts a relevant control on mood, through the modulation of CB1R function. A better understanding of the biological pathways underling the psychological disorders during neuroinflammatory conditions is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Mandolesi
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bullitta
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology and of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Diego Fresegna
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology and of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Antonietta Gentile
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology and of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Francesca De Vito
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology and of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Ettore Dolcetti
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca R Rizzo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology and of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Georgios Strimpakos
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology CNR, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology and of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Musella
- Centro Europeo per la Ricerca sul Cervello (CERC), IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
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35
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Wu J, Zhu C, Yang L, Wang Z, Wang L, Wang S, Gao P, Zhang Y, Jiang Q, Zhu X, Shu G. N-Oleoylglycine-Induced Hyperphagia Is Associated with the Activation of Agouti-Related Protein (AgRP) Neuron by Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 (CB1R). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:1051-1057. [PMID: 28102080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
N-Acyl amino acids (NAAAs) are conjugate products of fatty acids and amino acids, which are available in animal-derived food. We compared the effects of N-arachidonoylglycine (NAGly), N-arachidonoylserine (NASer), and N-oleoylglycine (OLGly) on in vivo food intake and in vitro [Ca2+]i of Agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons to identify the role of these compounds in energy homeostasis. Hypothalamic neuropeptide expression and anxiety behavior in response to OLGly were also tested. To further identify the underlying mechanism of OLGly on food intake, we first detected the expression level of potential OLGly receptors. The cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) antagonist was cotreated with OLGly to analyze the activation of AgRP neuron, including [Ca2+]i, expression levels of PKA, CREB, and c-Fos, and neuropeptide secretion. Results demonstrated that only OLGly (intrapertioneal injection of 6 mg/kg) can induce hyperphagia without changing the expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and anxiety-like behavior. Moreover, 20 μM OLGly robustly enhances [Ca2+]i, c-Fos protein expression in AgRP neuron, and AgRP content in the culture medium. OLGly-induced activation of AgRP neuron was completely abolished by the CB1R-specific antagonist, AM251. In summary, this study is the first to demonstrate the association of OLGly-induced hyperphagia with activation of the AgRP neuron by CB1R. These findings open avenues for investigation and application of OLGly to modulate energy homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Wu
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Canjun Zhu
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Liusong Yang
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonggang Wang
- Huahong Engineering and Research Center of Agricultural and Livestock , Zhaoqing, Guangdong 430051, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Wang
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Songbo Wang
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Gao
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Shu
- College of Animal Science & National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
- ALLTECH-SCAU Animal Nutrition Control Research Alliance, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
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