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Sajanti A, Li Y, Hellström S, Cao Y, Girard R, Umemori J, Frantzén J, Koskimäki F, Lyne SB, Falter J, Rantamäki T, Takala R, Posti JP, Roine S, Kolehmainen S, Srinath A, Jänkälä M, Puolitaival J, Rahi M, Rinne J, Castrén E, Koskimäki J. Brain plasticity and neuroinflammatory protein biomarkers with circulating MicroRNAs as predictors of acute brain injury outcome - A prospective cohort study. J Neurol Sci 2024; 464:123169. [PMID: 39126731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.123169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain recovery mechanisms after injuries like aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), ischemic stroke (IS), and traumatic brain injury (TBI) involve brain plasticity, synaptic regeneration, and neuroinflammation. We hypothesized that serum levels of the p75 neurotrophic receptor (p75NTR) and associated signaling proteins, as well as differentially expressed (DE) microRNAs, could predict recovery outcomes irrespective of injury type. METHODS A prospective patient cohort with ischemic stroke (IS, n = 30), aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH, n = 31), and traumatic brain injury (TBI, n = 13) were evaluated (total n = 74). Serum samples were collected at two post-injury intervals (early: 1-3 days, late: 4-8 days), and outcomes were assessed after three months using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), categorizing outcomes as favorable (mRS 0-3) or unfavorable (mRS 4-6). Six proteins were measured using ELISAs: p75NTR, NGF, sortilin, IL1β, TNFα, and cyclophilin. DE microRNAs were identified using DESeq2, and their target genes were predicted. Serum molecules between patients with differing outcomes were compared using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, 2-tailed t-test and multivariate linear discriminant analysis (LDA). RESULTS Favorable (n = 46) and unfavorable (n = 28) outcome cohorts were balanced with age and sex (p = 0.25 and 0.63). None of the studied proteins correlated with age. Combinatory LDA of the six protein biomarkers indicated strong prognostic value for favorable outcomes (OR 2.09; AUC = 70.3%, p = 0.0058). MicroRNA expression changes over time were identified in the aSAH, TBI, and IS groups (p < 0.05, FDR corrected). Twenty-three microRNAs were commonly DE across all brain injury groups when comparing favorable and unfavorable outcomes (p < 0.05). LDA of four microRNAs targeting the studied proteins showed high prognostic accuracy (OR 11.7; AUC = 94.1%, p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS The combined prognostic microRNA and protein biomarker models demonstrated accurate outcome prognostication across diverse injury types, implying the presence of a common recovery mechanism. DE microRNAs were found to target the studied molecules, suggesting a potential mechanistic role in recovery. Further investigation is warranted to study these molecules in prognostication, as well as therapeutic targets for enhancing recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Sajanti
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Research Informatics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
| | - Santtu Hellström
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Ying Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Romuald Girard
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
| | - Juzoh Umemori
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Gene and Cell Technology, A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Neulaniementie 2, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Janek Frantzén
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Fredrika Koskimäki
- Neurocenter, Acute Stroke Unit, Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Seán B Lyne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Johannes Falter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center of Regensburg, Regensburg 93042, Germany
| | - Tomi Rantamäki
- Laboratory of Neurotherapeutics, Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Takala
- Perioperative Services, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine and Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi P Posti
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Susanna Roine
- Neurocenter, Acute Stroke Unit, Turku University Hospital, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Sulo Kolehmainen
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Abhinav Srinath
- Neurovascular Surgery Program, Section of Neurosurgery, The University of Chicago Medicine and Biological Sciences, Chicago, IL 60637, United States of America
| | - Miro Jänkälä
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Box 25, 90029 OYS, Finland
| | - Jukka Puolitaival
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Box 25, 90029 OYS, Finland
| | - Melissa Rahi
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Jaakko Rinne
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Eero Castrén
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Koskimäki
- Neurocenter, Department of Neurosurgery, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, P.O. Box 52, FI-20521 Turku, Finland; Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Department of Neurosurgery, Oulu University Hospital, Box 25, 90029 OYS, Finland.
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Wu L, Liu Y, He Q, Ao G, Xu N, He W, Liu X, Huang L, Yu Q, Kanamaru H, Dong S, Zhu S, Yuan Y, Han M, Ling Y, Liu L, Wu C, Zhou Y, Sherchan P, Flores JJ, Tang J, Chen X, He X, Zhang JH. PEDF-34 attenuates neurological deficit and suppresses astrocyte-dependent neuroinflammation by modulating astrocyte polarization via 67LR/JNK/STAT1 signaling pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:178. [PMID: 39034417 PMCID: PMC11264993 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03171-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive astrocytes participate in various pathophysiology after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), including neuroinflammation, glymphatic-lymphatic system dysfunction, brain edema, BBB disruption, and cell death. Astrocytes transform into two new reactive phenotypes with changed morphology, altered gene expression, and secretion profiles, termed detrimental A1 and beneficial A2. This study investigates the effect of 67LR activation by PEDF-34, a PEDF peptide, on neuroinflammation and astrocyte polarization after the experimental SAH. METHODS A total of 318 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used in experiments in vivo, of which 272 rats were subjected to the endovascular perforation model of SAH and 46 rats underwent sham surgery. 67LR agonist (PEDF-34) was administrated intranasally 1 h after SAH. 67LR-specific inhibitor (NSC-47924) and STAT1 transcriptional activator (2-NP) were injected intracerebroventricularly 48 h before SAH. Short- and long-term neurological tests, brain water content, immunostaining, Nissl staining, western blot, and ELISA assay were performed. In experiments in vitro, primary astrocyte culture with hemoglobin (Hb) stimulation was used to mimic SAH. The expression of the PEDF-34/67LR signaling pathway and neuro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed using Western blot, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry assays both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Endogenous PEDF and 67LR expressions were significantly reduced at 6 h after SAH. 67LR was expressed in astrocytes and neurons. Intranasal administration of PEDF-34 significantly reduced brain water content, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and short-term and long-term neurological deficits after SAH. The ratio of p-JNK/JNK and p-STAT1/STAT1 and the expression of CFB and C3 (A1 astrocytes marker), significantly decreased after PEDF-34 treatment, along with fewer expression of TNF-α and IL-1β at 24 h after SAH. However, 2-NP (STAT1 transcriptional activator) and NSC-47924 (67LR inhibitor) reversed the protective effects of PEDF-34 in vivo and in vitro by promoting A1 astrocyte polarization with increased inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION PEDF-34 activated 67LR, attenuating neuroinflammation and inhibiting astrocyte A1 polarization partly via the JNK/STAT1 pathway, suggesting that PEDF-34 might be a potential treatment for SAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanchao Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuguang He
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Guangnan Ao
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Ningbo Xu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Wangqing He
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Qian Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Hideki Kanamaru
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Siyuan Dong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Shiyi Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Mingyang Han
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Yeping Ling
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Chenyu Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Prativa Sherchan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Jerry J Flores
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Xionghui Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
- Department of Emergency Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xuying He
- Department of Cerebrovascular Surgery, Neurosurgery Center, Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China.
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
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Shen Y, Zhang W, Chang H, Li Z, Lin C, Zhang G, Mao L, Ma C, Liu N, Lu H. Galectin-3 modulates microglial activation and neuroinflammation in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114777. [PMID: 38636772 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating acute cerebrovascular event with high mortality and permanent disability rates. Higher galectin-3 levels on days 1-3 have been shown to predict the development of delayed cerebral infarction or adverse outcomes after SAH. Recent single-cell analysis of microglial transcriptomic diversity in SAH revealed that galectin could influence the development and course of neuroinflammation after SAH. METHODS This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of galectin-3 in SAH and to determine whether galectin-3 inhibition prevents early brain injury by reducing microglia polarization using a mouse model of SAH and oxyhemoglobin-treated activation of mouse BV2 cells in vitro. RESULTS We found that the expression of galectin-3 began to increase 12 h after SAH and continued to increase up to 72 h. Importantly, TD139-inhibited galectin-3 expression reduced the release of inflammatory factors in microglial cells. In the experimental SAH model, TD139 treatment alleviated neuroinflammatory damage after SAH and improved defects in neurological functions. Furthermore, we demonstrated that galectin-3 inhibition affected the activation and M1 polarization of microglial cells after SAH. TD139 treatment inhibited the expression of TLR4, p-NF-κB p65, and NF-κB p65 in microglia activated by oxyhemoglobin as well as eliminated the increased expression and phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that regulating microglia polarization by galectin-3 after SAH to improve neuroinflammation may be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Hanxiao Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangjian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chencheng Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Hu Y, Hu XD, He ZQ, Liu Y, Gui YK, Zhu SH, Da X, Liu YN, Liu LX, Shen QY, Xu GH. Anesthesia/surgery activate MMP9 leading to blood-brain barrier disruption, triggering neuroinflammation and POD-like behavior in aged mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112290. [PMID: 38796964 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Anesthesia and surgery activate matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), leading to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and postoperative delirium (POD)-like behavior, especially in the elderly. Aged mice received intraperitoneal injections of either the MMP9 inhibitor SB-3CT, melatonin, or solvent, and underwent laparotomy under 3 % sevoflurane anesthesia(anesthesia/surgery). Behavioral tests were performed 24 h pre- and post-operatively. Serum and cortical tissue levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured using ELISA. Levels of PDGFRβ, MMP9, tight junction, Mfsd2a, caveolin-1, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic densin (PSD)-95 proteins in the prefrontal cortex were assayed using Western blotting. BBB permeability was assessed by detecting IgG in the prefrontal cortex and serum S100β levels. Anesthesia/surgery-induced peripheral inflammation activated MMP9, which in turn injured pericytes and tight junctions and increased transcytosis, thereby disrupting the BBB. Impaired BBB allowed the migration of peripheral inflammation into the central nervous system (CNS), thereby inducing neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and POD-like behaviors. However, MMP9 inhibition reduced pericyte and tight junction injury and transcytosis, thereby preserving BBB function and preventing the migration of peripheral inflammation into the CNS, thus attenuating synaptic dysfunction and POD-like behavior. In addition, to further validate the above findings, we showed that melatonin exerted similar effects through inhibition of MMP9. The present study shows that after anesthesia/surgery, inflammatory cytokines upregulation is involved in regulating BBB permeability in aged mice through activation of MMP9, suggesting that MMP9 may be a potential target for the prevention of POD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xu-Dong Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Zi-Qing He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yong-Kang Gui
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Si-Hui Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Xin Da
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Yi-Nuo Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Li-Xia Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Qi-Ying Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.
| | - Guang-Hong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.
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5
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Xu Y, Wang K, Dai Y, Yang W, Ru X, Li W, Feng H, Zhu G, Hu Q, Chen Y. Peripheral cytokine interleukin-10 alleviates perihematomal edema after intracerebral hemorrhage via interleukin-10 receptor/JAK1/STAT3 signaling. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14796. [PMID: 38867395 PMCID: PMC11168964 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The extent of perihematomal edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) significantly impacts patient prognosis, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) exacerbates perihematomal edema. However, the role of peripheral IL-10 in mitigating BBB disruption through pathways that link peripheral and central nervous system signals remains poorly understood. METHODS Recombinant IL-10 was administered to ICH model mice via caudal vein injection, an IL-10-inhibiting adeno-associated virus and an IL-10 receptor knockout plasmid were delivered intraventricularly, and neurobehavioral deficits, perihematomal edema, BBB disruption, and the expression of JAK1 and STAT3 were evaluated. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that the peripheral cytokine IL-10 mitigated BBB breakdown, perihematomal edema, and neurobehavioral deficits after ICH and that IL-10 deficiency reversed these effects, likely through the IL-10R/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Peripheral IL-10 has the potential to reduce BBB damage and perihematomal edema following ICH and improve patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Kaishan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Yalan Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Xufang Ru
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
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Zhu K, Bi S, Zhu Z, Zhang W, Yang X, Li J, Liang G, Yu C, Pan P. Edaravone dexborneol attenuates oxidative stress in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage via Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1342226. [PMID: 38873422 PMCID: PMC11169797 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1342226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) serves as a disease characterized by high incidence rate, which is exceedingly prevalent and severe. Presently, there is no unambiguous or efficacious intervention for the neurological impairment following SAH. Administering multi-targeted neuroprotective agents to reduce oxidative stress (OS) and neuroinflammation caused by early brain injury (EBI) has been demonstrated to improve neurological function and prognosis following SAH. Edaravone dexborneol (EDB), a novel multi targeted neuroprotective medication, combines four parts edaravone (EDA) with 1 part (+)-borneol in proportion. Clinical trials conducted in China have revealed during 2 days of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), early administration of EDB leads to improved therapeutic outcomes compared to treatment in EDA monotherapy. Currently, there is no clear evidence that EDB can effectively treat SAH, therefore, our study aims to investigate its potential therapeutic effects and mechanisms on EBI after SAH. Method We used the intravascular threading method to establish a mouse model of SAH to explore whether EDA and EDB could produce anti-OS and anti-apoptosis effects. Behavioral assessment of mice was conducted using the balance beam experiment and the modified Garcia scoring system. Neuronal damage due to OS and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway were detected through techniques of immunofluorescence, Western blotting, spectrophotometry. The group of EDA and EDB were injected intraperitoneally for 72 h after SAH. Results The experiment results indicated that EDB lead to remarkably positive results by significantly enhancing neurological function, reducing blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury, and effectively inhibiting neuronal apoptosis after SAH. Further examination indicated EDB significantly reduced the expression of Keap1 and increased the expression of Nrf2, and it inhibited MDA, and enhanced SOD activity after SAH. These outcomes surpassed the effectiveness observed in EDA monotherapy. However, the application of ML385 reversed the anti-OS effects of EDB and EDA. Conclusion Our experimental findings indicated that EDB could activate Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway to reduce OS damage, thereby protecting neurological function and enhancing behavioral abilities after SAH. These outcomes could facilitate the creation of new approaches for the clinical management of SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyuan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shijun Bi
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Zechao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenxu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiashuo Li
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guobiao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunyong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengyu Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
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Duan M, Ru X, Zhou J, Li Y, Guo P, Kang W, Li W, Chen Z, Feng H, Chen Y. Endothelial EGLN3-PKM2 signaling induces the formation of acute astrocytic barrier to alleviate immune cell infiltration after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:42. [PMID: 38755642 PMCID: PMC11100217 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-024-00550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients have no obvious hematoma lesions but exhibit blood-brain barrier dysfunction and vasogenic brain edema. However, there is a few days between blood‒brain barrier dysfunction and vasogenic brain edema. The present study sought to investigate whether this phenomenon is caused by endothelial injury induced by the acute astrocytic barrier, also known as the glial limitans. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses of human endothelial cells and astrocytes under hypoxia were performed based on the GEO database. Wild-type, EGLN3 and PKM2 conditional knock-in mice were used to confirm glial limitan formation after SAH. Then, the effect of endothelial EGLN3-PKM2 signaling on temporal and spatial changes in glial limitans was evaluated in both in vivo and in vitro models of SAH. RESULTS The data indicate that in the acute phase after SAH, astrocytes can form a temporary protective barrier, the glia limitans, around blood vessels that helps maintain barrier function and improve neurological prognosis. Molecular docking studies have shown that endothelial cells and astrocytes can promote glial limitans-based protection against early brain injury through EGLN3/PKM2 signaling and further activation of the PKC/ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in astrocytes after SAH. CONCLUSION Improving the ability to maintain glial limitans may be a new therapeutic strategy for improving the prognosis of SAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxu Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xufang Ru
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jiru Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuanshu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Peiwen Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wenbo Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), 29 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Liu H, Guo D, Wang J, Zhang W, Zhu Z, Zhu K, Bi S, Pan P, Liang G. Aloe-emodin from Sanhua Decoction inhibits neuroinflammation by regulating microglia polarization after subarachnoid hemorrhage. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117583. [PMID: 38122912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) triggers a cascade of events that lead to early brain injury (EBI), which contributes to poor outcomes and appears within 3 days after SAH initiation. EBI involves multiple process including neuronal death, blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury and inflammation response. Microglia are cluster of immune cells originating in the brain which respond to SAH by changing their states and releasing inflammatory molecules through various signaling pathways. M0, M1, M2 are three states of microglia represent resting state, promoting inflammation state, and anti-inflammation state respectively, which can be modulated by pharmacological strategies. AIM OF THE STUDY After identified potential active ingredients and targets of Sanhua Decoction (SHD) for SAH, we selected aloe-emodin (AE) as a potential ingredient modulating microglia activation states. MATERIALS AND METHODS Molecular mechanisms, targets and pathways of SHD were reveal by network pharmacology technique. The effects of AE on SAH were evaluated in vivo by assessing neurological deficits, neuronal apoptosis and BBB integrity in a mouse SAH model. Furthermore, BV-2 cells were used to examine the effects of AE on microglial polarization. The influence of AE on microglia transformation was measured by Iba-1, TNF-α, CD68, Arg-1 and CD206 staining. The signal pathways of neuronal apoptosis and microglia polarization was measured by Western blot. RESULTS Network pharmacology identified potential active ingredients and targets of SHD for SAH. And AE is one of the active ingredients. We also confirmed that AE via NF-κB and PKA/CREB pathway inhibited the microglia activation and promoted transformation from M1 phenotype to M2 at EBI stage after SAH. CONCLUSIONS AE, as one ingredient of SHD, can alleviate the inflammatory response and protecting neurons from SAH-induced injury. AE has potential value for treating SAH-induced nerve injury and is expected to be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of First Outpatients, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui, China
| | - Wenxu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Zechao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Kunyuan Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Shijun Bi
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengyu Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Guobiao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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Chen J, Wang Y, Li M, Zhu X, Liu Z, Chen Q, Xiong K. Netrin-1 Alleviates Early Brain Injury by Regulating Ferroptosis via the PPARγ/Nrf2/GPX4 Signaling Pathway Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:219-237. [PMID: 36631632 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a type of stroke with high morbidity and mortality. Netrin-1 (NTN-1) can alleviate early brain injury (EBI) following SAH by enhancing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), which is an important transcriptional factor modulating lipid metabolism. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of cell death related to lipid metabolism. However, the specific function of ferroptosis in NTN-1-mediated neuroprotection following SAH is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects and the possible molecular basis of NTN-1 in SAH-induced EBI by modulating neuronal ferroptosis using the filament perforations model of SAH in mice and the hemin-stimulated neuron injury model in HT22 cells. NTN-1 or a vehicle was administered 2 h following SAH. We examined neuronal death, brain water content, neurological score, and mortality. NTN-1 treatment led to elevated survival probability, greater survival of neurons, and increased neurological score, indicating that NTN-1-inhibited ferroptosis ameliorated neuron death in vivo/in vitro in response to SAH. Furthermore, NTN-1 treatment enhanced the expression of PPARγ, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which are essential regulators of ferroptosis in EBI after SAH. The findings show that NTN-1 improves neurological outcomes in mice and protects neurons from death caused by neuronal ferroptosis. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying NTN-1 neuroprotection is correlated with the inhibition of ferroptosis, attenuating cell death via the PPARγ/Nrf2/GPX4 pathway and coenzyme Q10-ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (CoQ10-FSP1) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 9 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, China
| | - Yuhai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 9 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhuanghua Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 904th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, 214044, China
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 9 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Kalinina A, Grigorieva E, Smirnova A, Kazansky D, Khromykh L. Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Recombinant Human Cyclophilin A in Mice. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2024; 49:57-69. [PMID: 38040985 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00871-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cyclophilin A (CypA) is an isomerase that functions as a chaperone, housekeeping protein, and cyclosporine A (CsA) ligand. Secreted CypA is a proinflammatory factor, chemoattractant, immune regulator, and factor of antitumor immunity. Experimental data suggest clinical applications of recombinant human CypA (rhCypA) as a biotherapeutic for cancer immunotherapy, stimulation of tissue regeneration, treatment of brain pathologies, and as a supportive treatment for CsA-based therapies. The objective of this study is to analyze the pharmacokinetics of rhCypA in a mouse model. METHODS rhCypA was isotope-labeled with 125I and injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) or subcutaneously (s/c) into female mice as a single dose of 100 μg per mouse, equivalent to the estimated first-in-human dose. Analysis of 125I-rhCypA biodistribution and excretion was performed by direct radiometry of the blood, viscera, and urine of mice 0.5-72 h following its administration. RESULTS rhCypA showed rapid and even tissue-organ distribution, with the highest tropism (fT = 1.56) and accumulation (maximum concentration, Cmax = 137-167 μg/g) in the kidneys, its primary excretory organ. rhCypA showed the lowest tropism to the bone marrow and the brain (fT = 0.07) but the longest retention in these organs [mean retention time (MRT) = 25-28 h]. CONCLUSION This study identified promising target organs for rhCypA's potential therapeutic effects. The mode of rhCypA accumulation and retention in organs could be primarily due to the expression of its receptors in them. For the first time, rhCypA was shown to cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in the brain. These rhCypA pharmacokinetic data could be extrapolated to humans as preliminary data for possible clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Kalinina
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh. 24, 115478, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Grigorieva
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh. 24, 115478, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Smirnova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh. 24, 115478, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Kazansky
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh. 24, 115478, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ludmila Khromykh
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kashirskoe sh. 24, 115478, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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11
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Yuan H, Sun D, Ji Y, Meng B, Lu B, Liu R, Xing X, Wang R, Chen J. Pericyte loss impairs the blood-brain barrier and cognitive function in aged mice after anesthesia/surgery. Brain Res Bull 2023; 204:110799. [PMID: 38867419 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designed to investigate the role of pericytes in the pathogenesis of perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND). METHODS In this study, we established a PND model via sevoflurane anesthesia and tibial fracture surgery in 2-month-old and 16-month-old male C57BL/6 mice. On the third postoperative day, the mice were subjected to behavioral testing or sacrificed to collect brain tissue. The progression of hippocampal blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and neuroinflammation was detected using transmission electron microscope and immunofluorescence. We also used western blotting to measure the levels of plasma-derived protein immunoglobulin G (IgG) and albumin in the hippocampus to assess the leakage of the BBB. RESULTS Aged mice did not experience age-related cognitive decline and BBB disruption compared with younger mice but only increased glial cell activity. Anesthesia/Surgery damaged cognitive function, reduced pericyte coverage, decreased the length of capillaries and levels of occludin and claudin-5, destroyed the structure of the BBB, exacerbated IgG and albumin accumulation in the hippocampus, and enhanced the activation of microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus of aged mice. However, these negative effects did not occur in young mice. CONCLUSION Our study showed that the loss of pericytes led to increased BBB permeability and neuroinflammation after anesthesia/surgery in aged mice, ultimately resulting in cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China; Department of Pain, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Daofan Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yiqin Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Bo Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China; Department of Pain, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Bo Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Rongjun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Xiuzhong Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Ruichun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Junping Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China; Department of Pain, Ningbo NO. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China.
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12
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Long H, Zhu W, Wei L, Zhao J. Iron homeostasis imbalance and ferroptosis in brain diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e298. [PMID: 37377861 PMCID: PMC10292684 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain iron homeostasis is maintained through the normal function of blood-brain barrier and iron regulation at the systemic and cellular levels, which is fundamental to normal brain function. Excess iron can catalyze the generation of free radicals through Fenton reactions due to its dual redox state, thus causing oxidative stress. Numerous evidence has indicated brain diseases, especially stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, are closely related to the mechanism of iron homeostasis imbalance in the brain. For one thing, brain diseases promote brain iron accumulation. For another, iron accumulation amplifies damage to the nervous system and exacerbates patients' outcomes. In addition, iron accumulation triggers ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent type of programmed cell death, which is closely related to neurodegeneration and has received wide attention in recent years. In this context, we outline the mechanism of a normal brain iron metabolism and focus on the current mechanism of the iron homeostasis imbalance in stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Meanwhile, we also discuss the mechanism of ferroptosis and simultaneously enumerate the newly discovered drugs for iron chelators and ferroptosis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Long
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wangshu Zhu
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Liming Wei
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jungong Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
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Abyadeh M, Gupta V, Paulo JA, Sheriff S, Shadfar S, Fitzhenry M, Amirkhani A, Gupta V, Salekdeh GH, Haynes PA, Graham SL, Mirzaei M. Apolipoprotein ε in Brain and Retinal Neurodegenerative Diseases. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1311-1330. [PMID: 37199411 PMCID: PMC10389820 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0312-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia that remains incurable and has become a major medical, social, and economic challenge worldwide. AD is characterized by pathological hallmarks of senile plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) that damage the brain up to twenty years before a clinical diagnosis is made. Interestingly these pathological features have also been observed in retinal neurodegenerative diseases including age related macular degeneration (ARMD), glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR). An association of AD with these diseases has been suggested in epidemiological studies and several common pathological events and risk factors have been identified between these diseases. The E4 allele of Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a well-established genetic risk factor for late onset AD. The ApoE ε4 allele is also associated with retinal neurodegenerative diseases however in contrast to AD, it is considered protective in AMD, likewise ApoE E2 allele, which is a protective factor for AD, has been implicated as a risk factor for AMD and glaucoma. This review summarizes the evidence on the effects of ApoE in retinal neurodegenerative diseases and discusses the overlapping molecular pathways in AD. The involvement of ApoE in regulating amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathology, inflammation, vascular integrity, glucose metabolism and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Samran Sheriff
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Sina Shadfar
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Matthew Fitzhenry
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2113, Australia.
| | - Ardeshir Amirkhani
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2113, Australia.
| | - Veer Gupta
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ghasem H Salekdeh
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Paul A Haynes
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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14
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Chai YL, Rajeev V, Poh L, Selvaraji S, Hilal S, Chen CP, Jo DG, Koo EH, Arumugam TV, Lai MKP. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion alters the CypA-EMMPRIN-gelatinase pathway: Implications for vascular dementia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:722-735. [PMID: 36537035 PMCID: PMC10108186 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221146401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is postulated to underlie multiple pathophysiological processes in vascular dementia (VaD), including extracellular matrix dysfunction. While several extracellular matrix proteins, namely cyclophilin A (CypA), extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) and gelatinases (matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and -9) have been investigated in acute stroke, their involvement in CCH and VaD remains unclear. In this study, CypA-EMMPRIN-gelatinase proteins were analysed in a clinical cohort of 36 aged, cognitively unimpaired subjects and 48 VaD patients, as well as in a bilateral carotid artery stenosis mouse model of CCH. Lower CypA and higher EMMPRIN levels were found in both VaD serum and CCH mouse brain. Furthermore, gelatinases were differentially altered in CCH mice and VaD patients, with significant MMP-2 increase in CCH brain and serum, whilst serum MMP-9 was elevated in VaD but reduced in CCH, suggesting complex CypA-EMMPRIN-gelatinase regulatory mechanisms. Interestingly, subjects with cortical infarcts had higher serum MMP-2, while white matter hyperintensities, cortical infarcts and lacunes were associated with higher serum MMP-9. Taken together, our data indicate that perturbations of CypA-EMMPRIN signalling may be associated with gelatinase-mediated vascular sequelae, highlighting the potential utility of the CypA-EMMPRIN-gelatinase pathway as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets in VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuek Ling Chai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong
Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge,
Singapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Centre,
National University Health System, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Vismitha Rajeev
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong
Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge,
Singapore
| | - Luting Poh
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong
Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge,
Singapore
| | - Sharmelee Selvaraji
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong
Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge,
Singapore
| | - Saima Hilal
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong
Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge,
Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public
Health, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Christopher P Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong
Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge,
Singapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Centre,
National University Health System, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan
University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Edward H Koo
- Department of Medicine, National
University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
- Graduate School for Integrative
Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge,
Singapore
- Department of Neurosciences,
University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan
University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology
and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and
Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe
University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Mitchell KP Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong
Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge,
Singapore
- Memory, Aging and Cognition Centre,
National University Health System, Kent Ridge, Singapore
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15
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El-Maradny YA, Rubio-Casillas A, Uversky VN, Redwan EM. Intrinsic factors behind long-COVID: I. Prevalence of the extracellular vesicles. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:656-673. [PMID: 37126363 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
It can be argued that the severity of COVID-19 has decreased in many countries. This could be a result of the broad coverage of the population by vaccination campaigns, which often reached an almost compulsory status in many places. Furthermore, significant roles were played by the multiple mutations in the body of the virus, which led to the emergence of several new SARS-CoV-2 variants with enhanced infectivity but dramatically reduced pathogenicity. However, the challenges associated with the development of various side effects and their persistence for long periods exceeding 20 months as a result of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, or taking available vaccines against it, are spreading horizontally and vertically in number and repercussions. For example, the World Health Organization announced that there are more than 17 million registered cases of long-COVID (also known as post-COVID syndrome) in the European Union countries alone. Furthermore, by using the PubMed search engine, one can find that more than 10 000 articles have been published focusing exclusively on long-COVID. In light of these enormous and ever-increasing numbers of cases and published articles, most of which are descriptive of the various long-COVID symptoms, the need to know the reasons behind this phenomenon raises several important questions. Is long-COVID caused by the continued presence of the virus or one/several of its components in the recovering individual body for long periods of time, which urges the body to respond in a way that leads to long-COVID development? Or are there some latent and limited reasons related to the recovering patients themselves? Or is it a sum of both? Many observations support a positive answer to the first question, whereas others back the second question but typically without releasing a fundamental reason/signal behind it. Whatever the answer is, it seems that the real reasons behind this widespread phenomenon remain unclear. This report opens a series of articles, in which we will try to shed light on the underlying causes that could be behind the long-COVID phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousra A El-Maradny
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Alberto Rubio-Casillas
- Biology Laboratory, Autlán Regional Preparatory School, University of Guadalajara, Autlán, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Elrashdy M Redwan
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg EL-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
- Biological Science Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Zhou J, Guo P, Duan M, Li J, Ru X, Li L, Guo Z, Zhang JH, Feng H, Chen Y, Sun X. EphA4/EphrinB2 signaling mediates pericyte-induced transient glia limitans formation as a secondary protective barrier after subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice. Exp Neurol 2023; 360:114293. [PMID: 36493862 PMCID: PMC10561606 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) do not exhibit brain parenchymal injury upon imaging but present significant blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and secondary neurological deficits. The aim of this study was to investigate whether stressed astrocytes act as a secondary barrier to exert a protective effect after SAH and to investigate the mechanism of glial limitan formation. METHODS A total of 204 adult male C57BL/6 mice and an endovascular perforation SAH model were employed. The spatiotemporal characteristics of glial limitan formation after SAH were determined by immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy. The molecular mechanisms by which pericytes regulate glia limitans formation were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and ELISA in a pericyte-astrocyte contact coculture system. The findings were validated ex vivo and in vivo using lentiviruses and inhibitors. Finally, pericytes were targeted to regulate glial limitan formation, and the effect of the glia limitans on secondary brain injury after SAH was evaluated by flow cytometry and analysis of neurological function. RESULTS Stress-induced glial limitan formation occurred 1 day after SAH and markedly subsided 3 days after ictus. Pericytes regulated astrocyte glia limitan formation via EphA4/EphrinB2 signaling, inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration and altered neurological function. CONCLUSIONS Astrocyte-derived glia limitans serve as a secondary protective barrier following BBB disruption after SAH in mice, and pericytes can regulate glial limitan formation and alter neurological function via EphA4/EphrinB2 signaling. Strategies for maintaining this secondary protective barrier may be novel treatment approaches for alleviating early brain injury after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiru Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Peiwen Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mingxu Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junhan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xufang Ru
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zongduo Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, United States; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92354, United States
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xiaochuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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17
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Lai J, Chen G, Wu Z, Yu S, Huang R, Zeng Y, Lin W, Fan C, Chen X. PHLDA1 modulates microglial response and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1105973. [PMID: 36875102 PMCID: PMC9982097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1105973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Balancing microglia M1/M2 polarization is an effective therapeutic strategy for neuroinflammation after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1 (PHLDA1) has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in immune response. However, the function roles of PHLDA1 in neuroinflammation and microglial polarization after SAH remain unclear. In this study, SAH mouse models were assigned to treat with scramble or PHLDA1 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). We observed that PHLDA1 was significantly increased and mainly distributed in microglia after SAH. Concomitant with PHLDA1 activation, nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome expression in microglia was also evidently enhanced after SAH. In addition, PHLDA1 siRNA treatment significantly reduced microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by inhibiting M1 microglia and promoting M2 microglia polarization. Meanwhile, PHLDA1 deficiency reduced neuronal apoptosis and improved neurological outcomes after SAH. Further investigation revealed that PHLDA1 blockade suppressed the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling after SAH. In contrast, NLRP3 inflammasome activator nigericin abated the beneficial effects of PHLDA1 deficiency against SAH by promoting microglial polarization to M1 phenotype. In all, we proposed that PHLDA1 blockade might ameliorate SAH-induced brain injury by balancing microglia M1/M2 polarization via suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Targeting PHLDA1 might be a feasible strategy for treating SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqing Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.,Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Genwang Chen
- Clinical Lab and Medical Diagnostics Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.,Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shaoyang Yu
- Clinical Lab and Medical Diagnostics Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Rongfu Huang
- Clinical Lab and Medical Diagnostics Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yile Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Weibin Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- Clinical Lab and Medical Diagnostics Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiangrong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.,Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
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18
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Liu LF, Hu Y, Liu YN, Shi DW, Liu C, Da X, Zhu SH, Zhu QY, Zhang JQ, Xu GH. Reactive oxygen species contribute to delirium-like behavior by activating CypA/MMP9 signaling and inducing blood-brain barrier impairment in aged mice following anesthesia and surgery. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1021129. [PMID: 36337710 PMCID: PMC9629746 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1021129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative delirium (POD) is common in the elderly and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage have been implicated in the development of POD, but the association between these two factors and the potential mechanism is not clear. Cyclophilin A (CypA) is a specifically chemotactic leukocyte factor that can be secreted in response to ROS, which activates matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and mediates BBB breakdown. We, therefore, hypothesized that ROS may contribute to anesthesia/surgery-induced BBB damage and delirium-like behavior via the CypA/MMP9 pathway. To test these hypotheses, 16-month-old mice were subjected to laparotomy under 3% sevoflurane anesthesia (anesthesia/surgery) for 3 h. ROS scavenger (N-acetyl-cysteine) and CypA inhibitor (Cyclosporin A) were used 0.5 h before anesthesia/surgery. A battery of behavior tests (buried food test, open field test, and Y maze test) was employed to evaluate behavioral changes at 24 h before and after surgery in the mice. Levels of tight junction proteins, CypA, MMP9, postsynaptic density protein (PSD)-95, and synaptophysin in the prefrontal cortex were assessed by western blotting. The amounts of ROS and IgG in the cortex of mice were observed by fluorescent staining. The concentration of S100β in the serum was detected by ELISA. ROS scavenger prevented the reduction in TJ proteins and restored the permeability of BBB as well as reduced the levels of CypA/MMP9, and further alleviated delirium-like behavior induced by anesthesia/surgery. Furthermore, the CypA inhibitor abolished the increased levels of CypA/MMP, which reversed BBB damage and ameliorated delirium-like behavior caused by ROS accumulation. Our findings demonstrated that ROS may participate in regulating BBB permeability in aged mice with POD via the CypA/MMP9 pathway, suggesting that CypA may be a potential molecular target for preventing POD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-fang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-nuo Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - De-wen Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Xin Da
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Si-hui Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Qian-yun Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Ji-qian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Guang-hong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Guang-hong Xu,
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19
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Li R, Zhao M, Yao D, Zhou X, Lenahan C, Wang L, Ou Y, He Y. The role of the astrocyte in subarachnoid hemorrhage and its therapeutic implications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008795. [PMID: 36248855 PMCID: PMC9556431 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an important public health concern with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. SAH induces cell death, blood−brain barrier (BBB) damage, brain edema and oxidative stress. As the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system, astrocytes play an essential role in brain damage and recovery following SAH. This review describes astrocyte activation and polarization after SAH. Astrocytes mediate BBB disruption, glymphatic–lymphatic system dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cell death after SAH. Furthermore, astrocytes engage in abundant crosstalk with other brain cells, such as endothelial cells, neurons, pericytes, microglia and monocytes, after SAH. In addition, astrocytes also exert protective functions in SAH. Finally, we summarize evidence regarding therapeutic approaches aimed at modulating astrocyte function following SAH, which could provide some new leads for future translational therapy to alleviate damage after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Yao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cameron Lenahan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, NM, United States
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Operating room, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yibo Ou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yue He,
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20
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Liu Y, Mu Y, Li Z, Yong VW, Xue M. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer in brain ischemia and intracerebral hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2022; 13:986469. [PMID: 36119117 PMCID: PMC9471314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.986469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies link neuroinflammation to secondary brain injury after stroke, which includes brain ischemia and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), a cell surface transmembrane protein, is a key factor in neuroinflammation. It is widely elevated in several cell types after stroke. The increased EMMPRIN appears to regulate the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and exacerbate the pathology of stroke-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction, microvascular thrombosis and neuroinflammation. In light of the neurological effects of EMMPRIN, we present in this review the complex network of roles that EMMPRIN has in brain ischemia and ICH. We first introduce the structural features and biological roles of EMMPRIN, followed by a description of the increased expression of EMMPRIN in brain ischemia and ICH. Next, we discuss the pathophysiological roles of EMMPRIN in brain ischemia and ICH. In addition, we summarize several important treatments for stroke that target the EMMPRIN signaling pathway. Finally, we suggest that EMMPRIN may have prospects as a biomarker of stroke injury. Overall, this review collates experimental and clinical evidence of the role of EMMPRIN in stroke and provides insights into its pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Brain Injury, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanling Mu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Brain Injury, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Brain Injury, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Voon Wee Yong
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Voon Wee Yong, ; Mengzhou Xue,
| | - Mengzhou Xue
- Department of Cerebrovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Brain Injury, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Voon Wee Yong, ; Mengzhou Xue,
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21
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Gong M, Jia J. Contribution of blood-brain barrier-related blood-borne factors for Alzheimer’s disease vs. vascular dementia diagnosis: A pilot study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:949129. [PMID: 36003963 PMCID: PMC9393528 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.949129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two most common types of neurodegenerative dementia among the elderly with similar symptoms of cognitive decline and overlapping neuropsychological profiles. Biological markers to distinguish patients with VaD from AD would be very useful. We aimed to investigate the expression of blood-brain barrier (BBB)-related blood-borne factors of soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (sLRP1), cyclophilin A (CyPA), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and its correlation with cognitive function between patients with AD and VaD. Materials and methods Plasma levels of sLRP1, CyPA, and MMP9 were analyzed in 26 patients with AD, 27 patients with VaD, and 27 normal controls (NCs). Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships among biomarker levels, cognitive function, and imaging references. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to discriminate the diagnosis of AD and VaD. Results Among these BBB-related factors, plasma CyPA levels in the VaD group were significantly higher than that in the AD group (p < 0.05). Plasma sLRP1 levels presented an increasing trend in VaD while maintaining slightly low levels in patients with AD (p > 0.05). Plasma MMP9 in different diagnostic groups displayed the following trend: VaD group > AD group > NC group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Furthermore, plasma sLRP1 levels were positively related to MoCA scores, and plasma CyPA levels were significantly correlated with MTA scores (p < 0.05) in the AD group. Plasma MMP9 levels were negatively correlated with MoCA scores (p < 0.05) in the VaD groups. No significant correlation was detected between the other factors and different cognitive scores (p > 0.05). ROC analysis showed a good preference of plasma CyPA [AUC = 0.725, 95% CI (0.586–0.865); p = 0.0064] in diagnosis. Conclusion The plasma CyPA level is a reference index when distinguishing between an AD and subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SIVD) diagnosis. Blood-derived factors associated with the BBB may provide new insights into the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementia and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gong
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, China
- Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Alzheimer’s Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jianping Jia,
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22
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Li Q, Ru X, Yang Y, Zhao H, Qu J, Chen W, Pan P, Ruan H, Li C, Chen Y, Feng H. Lipocalin-2-Mediated Insufficient Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Remyelination for White Matter Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage via SCL22A17 Receptor/Early Growth Response Protein 1 Signaling. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:1457-1475. [PMID: 35817941 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00906-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient remyelination due to impaired oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation and maturation is strongly associated with irreversible white matter injury (WMI) and neurological deficits. We analyzed whole transcriptome expression to elucidate the potential role and underlying mechanism of action of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in OPC differentiation and WMI and identified the receptor SCL22A17 and downstream transcription factor early growth response protein 1 (EGR1) as the key signals contributing to LCN2-mediated insufficient OPC remyelination. In LCN-knockdown and OPC EGR1 conditional-knockout mice, we discovered enhanced OPC differentiation in developing and injured white matter (WM); consistent with this, the specific inactivation of LCN2/SCl22A17/EGR1 signaling promoted remyelination and neurological recovery in both atypical, acute WMI due to subarachnoid hemorrhage and typical, chronic WMI due to multiple sclerosis. This potentially represents a novel strategy to enhance differentiation and remyelination in patients with white matter injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xufang Ru
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Hengli Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jie Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Weixiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Pengyu Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Huaizhen Ruan
- Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chaojun Li
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210032, China.
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
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23
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Zhao R, Wen X. High expression of serum GST-π/CypA aids the diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction and predicts short-term poor prognosis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 220:107352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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24
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Solár P, Zamani A, Lakatosová K, Joukal M. The blood-brain barrier and the neurovascular unit in subarachnoid hemorrhage: molecular events and potential treatments. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:29. [PMID: 35410231 PMCID: PMC8996682 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00312-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The response of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following a stroke, including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), has been studied extensively. The main components of this reaction are endothelial cells, pericytes, and astrocytes that affect microglia, neurons, and vascular smooth muscle cells. SAH induces alterations in individual BBB cells, leading to brain homeostasis disruption. Recent experiments have uncovered many pathophysiological cascades affecting the BBB following SAH. Targeting some of these pathways is important for restoring brain function following SAH. BBB injury occurs immediately after SAH and has long-lasting consequences, but most changes in the pathophysiological cascades occur in the first few days following SAH. These changes determine the development of early brain injury as well as delayed cerebral ischemia. SAH-induced neuroprotection also plays an important role and weakens the negative impact of SAH. Supporting some of these beneficial cascades while attenuating the major pathophysiological pathways might be decisive in inhibiting the negative impact of bleeding in the subarachnoid space. In this review, we attempt a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the molecular and cellular changes in the BBB following SAH and their possible modulation by various drugs and substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Solár
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Pekařská 53, 656 91, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alemeh Zamani
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klaudia Lakatosová
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Joukal
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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25
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Abdi A, AlOtaiby S, Badarin FA, Khraibi A, Hamdan H, Nader M. Interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with cardiomyocytes: Insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of cardiac injury and pharmacotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112518. [PMID: 34906770 PMCID: PMC8654598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 causes respiratory illness with a spectrum of systemic complications. However, the mechanism for cardiac infection and cardiomyocyte injury in COVID-19 patients remains unclear. The current literature supports the notion that SARS-CoV-2 particles access the heart either by the circulating blood cells or by extracellular vesicles, originating from the inflamed lungs, and encapsulating the virus along with its receptor (ACE2). Both cardiomyocytes and pericytes (coronary arteries) express the necessary accessory proteins for access of SARS-CoV-2 particles (i.e. ACE2, NRP-1, TMPRSS2, CD147, integrin α5β1, and CTSB/L). These proteins facilitate the SARS-CoV-2 interaction and entry into the pericytes and cardiomyocytes thus leading to cardiac manifestations. Subsequently, various signaling pathways are altered in the infected cardiomyocytes (i.e. increased ROS production, reduced contraction, impaired calcium homeostasis), causing cardiac dysfunction. The currently adopted pharmacotherapy in severe COVID-19 subjects exhibited side effects on the heart, often manifested by electrical abnormalities. Nonetheless, cardiovascular adverse repercussions have been associated with the advent of some of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines with no clear mechanisms underlining these complications. We provide herein an overview of the pathways involved with cardiomyocyte in COVID-19 subjects to help promoting pharmacotherapies that can protect against SARS-CoV-2-induced cardiac injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulhamid Abdi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shahad AlOtaiby
- Research Center, King Fahad Medical City, Central Second Health Cluster, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firas Al Badarin
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Khraibi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamdan Hamdan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Moni Nader
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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26
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He C, He L, Chen L, Wang W. Advances in the study of nervous system infections in COVID‐19. BRAIN SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.26599/bsa.2021.9050014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Shortly after its outbreak, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has very rapidly spread to become a global epidemic. Early clinical findings mainly included typical symptoms such as fever and cough with a very high transmission rate. Recent findings have demonstrated neurological manifestations of atypical symptoms, which is associated with poor prognosis. In this paper, we describe the neurological aspects of COVID‐19 pneumonia in terms of relevant neurons, virus‐associated receptors, and olfactory and neurological clinical manifestations and offer insights on treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 300800, Zhejiang, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Ling He
- Darwin Cell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100124, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Diseases, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 300800, Zhejiang, China
- These authors contributed equally to this work
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27
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Luo D, Li X, Hou Y, Hou Y, Luan J, Weng J, Zhan J, Lin D. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate promotes spinal cord injury repair by inhibiting blood spinal cord barrier disruption in vitro and in vivo. Drug Dev Res 2021; 83:669-679. [PMID: 34842291 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to microvascular damage and the destruction of the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB), which can progress into secondary injuries, such as apoptosis and necrosis of neurons and glia, culminating in permanent neurological deficits. BSCB restoration is the primary goal of SCI therapy, although very few drugs can repair damaged barrier structure and permeability. Sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) is commonly used to treat cardiovascular disease. However, the therapeutic effects of STS on damaged BSCB during the early stage of SCI remain uncertain. Therefore, we exposed spinal cord microvascular endothelial cells to H2 O2 and treated them with different doses of STS. In addition to protecting the cells from H2 O2 -induced apoptosis, STS also reduced cellular permeability. In the in vivo model of SCI, STS reduced BSCB permeability, relieved tissue edema and hemorrhage, suppressed MMP activation and prevented the loss of tight junction and adherens junction proteins. Our findings indicate that STS treatment promotes SCI recovery, and should be investigated further as a drug candidate against traumatic SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Li
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Hou
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyao Luan
- Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Second College of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxian Weng
- Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiheng Zhan
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingkun Lin
- Research Laboratory of Spine Degenerative Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Osteology and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Ru X, Gao L, Zhou J, Li Q, Zuo S, Chen Y, Liu Z, Feng H. Secondary White Matter Injury and Therapeutic Targets After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2021; 12:659740. [PMID: 34335439 PMCID: PMC8319471 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.659740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is one of the special stroke subtypes with high mortality and mobility. Although the mortality of SAH has decreased by 50% over the past two decades due to advances in neurosurgery and management of neurocritical care, more than 70% of survivors suffer from varying degrees of neurological deficits and cognitive impairments, leaving a heavy burden on individuals, families, and the society. Recent studies have shown that white matter is vulnerable to SAH, and white matter injuries may be one of the causes of long-term neurological deficits caused by SAH. Attention has recently focused on the pivotal role of white matter injury in the pathophysiological processes after SAH, mainly related to mechanical damage caused by increased intracerebral pressure and the metabolic damage induced by blood degradation and hypoxia. In the present review, we sought to summarize the pathophysiology processes and mechanisms of white matter injury after SAH, with a view to providing new strategies for the prevention and treatment of long-term cognitive dysfunction after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufang Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of General Practice, Audio-Visual Education Center, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiru Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shilun Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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29
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Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus (CoV), is known to cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, and a number of non-respiratory complications, particularly in older male patients with prior health conditions, such as obesity, diabetes and hypertension. These prior health conditions are associated with vascular dysfunction, and the CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19) complications include multiorgan failure and neurological problems. While the main route of entry into the body is inhalation, this virus has been found in many tissues, including the choroid plexus and meningeal vessels, and in neurons and CSF. MAIN BODY We reviewed SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19, ACE2 distribution and beneficial effects, the CNS vascular barriers, possible mechanisms by which the virus enters the brain, outlined prior health conditions (obesity, hypertension and diabetes), neurological COVID-19 manifestation and the aging cerebrovascualture. The overall aim is to provide the general reader with a breadth of information on this type of virus and the wide distribution of its main receptor so as to better understand the significance of neurological complications, uniqueness of the brain, and the pre-existing medical conditions that affect brain. The main issue is that there is no sound evidence for large flux of SARS-CoV-2 into brain, at present, compared to its invasion of the inhalation pathways. CONCLUSIONS While SARS-CoV-2 is detected in brains from severely infected patients, it is unclear on how it gets there. There is no sound evidence of SARS-CoV-2 flux into brain to significantly contribute to the overall outcomes once the respiratory system is invaded by the virus. The consensus, based on the normal route of infection and presence of SARS-CoV-2 in severely infected patients, is that the olfactory mucosa is a possible route into brain. Studies are needed to demonstrate flux of SARS-CoV-2 into brain, and its replication in the parenchyma to demonstrate neuroinvasion. It is possible that the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are a consequence of mainly cardio-respiratory distress and multiorgan failure. Understanding potential SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion pathways could help to better define the non-respiratory neurological manifestation of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor McQuaid
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, URMC, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Molly Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, URMC, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
| | - Rashid Deane
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester, URMC, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642 USA
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30
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Wang H, Lv J, Zhao Y, Wei H, Zhang T, Yang H, Chen Z, Jiang J. Endothelial genetic deletion of CD147 induces changes in the dual function of the blood-brain barrier and is implicated in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:1048-1063. [PMID: 33987940 PMCID: PMC8339530 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized and indispensable structure in brain blood vessels that is damaged during Alzheimer's disease (AD). CD147 is expressed on the BBB and deeply engaged in the AD pathological process. In this study, we aimed to provide a better understanding of the roles of CD147 in BBB function in health and neurodegenerative disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured CD147 expression in mouse brains and demonstrated that CD147 is exclusively expressed in brain endothelial cells (BECs), and its expression decreases with age. After constructing endothelial-specific CD147 knockout mice, we performed RNA-sequencing on BECs isolated from mice of different ages as well as a range of database analyses. We found that endothelial CD147 is essential for the dual functions of the BBB, including barrier maintenance and transporter regulation. This study also shows that CD147 plays a pivotal role in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in AD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that targeting CD147 in BECs may represent a novel therapeutic strategy, which promoted the design of future experimental investigations and the mechanistic understanding of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Cell BiologyNational Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Jian‐Jun Lv
- Department of Cell BiologyNational Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Cell BiologyNational Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Hao‐Lin Wei
- Department of Cell BiologyNational Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Tian‐Jiao Zhang
- Department of Cell BiologyNational Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Hai‐Jiao Yang
- Department of Cell BiologyNational Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Zhi‐Nan Chen
- Department of Cell BiologyNational Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Jian‐Li Jiang
- Department of Cell BiologyNational Translational Science Center for Molecular MedicineFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anChina
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31
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Amoo M, Henry J, Pender N, Brennan P, Campbell M, Javadpour M. Blood-brain barrier permeability imaging as a predictor for delayed cerebral ischaemia following subarachnoid haemorrhage. A narrative review. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2021; 163:1457-1467. [PMID: 33404877 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-020-04670-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to the myriad of complications contributing to early brain injury and delayed cerebral ischaemia. There is increasing interest in the exploration of the association between blood-brain barrier integrity and risks of delayed cerebral ischaemia and poor outcomes. Despite recent advances in cerebral imaging, radiographic imaging of blood-brain barrier disruption, as a biomarker for outcome prediction, has not been adopted in clinical practice. METHODS We performed a narrative review by searching for articles describing molecular changes or radiological identification of changes in BBB permeability following subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) on MEDLINE. Preclinical studies were analysed if reported structural changes and clinical studies were included if they investigated for radiological markers of BBB disruption and its correlation with delayed cerebral ischaemia. RESULTS There is ample preclinical evidence to suggest that there are structural changes in BBB permeability following SAH. The available clinical literature has demonstrated correlations between permeability imaging and outcomes following aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). CONCLUSION Radiological biomarkers offer a potential non-invasive prognostication tool and may also allow early identifications of patients who may be at risk of DCI.
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Ru X, Qu J, Li Q, Zhou J, Huang S, Li W, Zuo S, Chen Y, Liu Z, Feng H. MiR-706 alleviates white matter injury via downregulating PKCα/MST1/NF-κB pathway after subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice. Exp Neurol 2021; 341:113688. [PMID: 33713655 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of patients with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) who recover from surgery and intensive care management still live with cognitive impairment after discharge, indicating the importance of white matter injury at the acute stage of SAH. In the present study, standard endovascular perforation was employed to establish an SAH mouse model, and a microRNA (miRNA) chip was used to analyze the changes in gene expression in white matter tissue after SAH. The data indicate that 17 miRNAs were downregulated, including miR-706, miR-669a-5p, miR-669p-5p, miR-7116-5p and miR-195a-3p, while 13 miRNAs were upregulated, including miR-6907-5p, miR-5135, miR-6982-5p, miR-668-5p, miR-8119. Strikingly, miR-706 was significantly downregulated with the highest fold change. Further experiments confirmed that miR-706 could alleviate white matter injury and improve neurological behavior, at least partially by inhibiting the PKCα/MST1/NF-κB pathway and the release of inflammatory cytokines. These results might provide a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological processes in white matter after SAH, as well as potential therapeutic strategies for the translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufang Ru
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jie Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Emergency, The Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiru Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Suna Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Shilun Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Neuromedicine and Neuroregenaration, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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Emerging Role of Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Epilepsy after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2780-2791. [PMID: 33501625 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02288-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a common and serious complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), giving rise to increased morbidity and mortality. It's difficult to identify patients at high risk of epilepsy and the application of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) following SAH is a controversial topic. Therefore, it's pressingly needed to gain a better understanding of the risk factors, underlying mechanisms and the optimization of therapeutic strategies for epilepsy after SAH. Neuroinflammation, characterized by microglial activation and the release of inflammatory cytokines, has drawn growing attention due to its influence on patients with epilepsy after SAH. In this review, we discuss the risk factors for epilepsy after SAH and emphasize the critical role of microglia. Then we discuss how various molecules arising from pathophysiological changes after SAH activate specific receptors such as TLR4, NLRP3, RAGE, P2X7R and initiate the downstream inflammatory pathways. Additionally, we focus on the significant responses implicated in epilepsy including neuronal excitotoxicity, the disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the change of immune responses. As the application of AEDs for seizure prophylaxis after SAH remains controversial, the regulation of neuroinflammation targeting the key pathological molecules could be a promising therapeutic method. While neuroinflammation appears to contribute to epilepsy after SAH, more comprehensive experiments on their relationships are needed.
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Zou Z, Dong YS, Liu DD, Li G, Hao GZ, Gao X, Pan PY, Liang GB. MAP4K4 induces early blood-brain barrier damage in a murine subarachnoid hemorrhage model. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:325-332. [PMID: 32859792 PMCID: PMC7896238 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.290904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterile-20-like mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) is expressed in endothelial cells and activates inflammatory vascular damage. Endothelial cells are important components of the blood-brain barrier. To investigate whether MAP4K4 plays a role in the pathophysiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage, we evaluated the time-course expression of MAP4K4 after subarachnoid hemorrhage. A subarachnoid hemorrhage model was established using the intravascular perforation method. The model mice were assigned to four groups: MAP4K4 recombinant protein, scramble small interfering RNA, and MAP4K4 small interfering RNA were delivered by intracerebroventricular injection, while PF-06260933, a small-molecule inhibitor of MAP4K4, was administrated orally. Neurological score assessments, brain water assessments, Evans blue extravasation, immunofluorescence, western blot assay, and gelatin zymography were performed to analyze neurological outcomes and mechanisms of vascular damage. MAP4K4 expression was elevated in the cortex at 24 hours after subarachnoid hemorrhage, and colocalized with endothelial markers. MAP4K4 recombinant protein aggravated neurological impairment, brain edema, and blood-brain barrier damage; upregulated the expression of phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa B (p-p65) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9); and degraded tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and claudin 5). Injection with MAP4K4 small interfering RNA reversed these effects. Furthermore, administration of the MAP4K4 inhibitor PF-06260933 reduced blood-brain barrier damage in mice, promoted the recovery of neurological function, and reduced p-p65 and MMP9 protein expression. Taken together, the results further illustrate that MAP4K4 causes early blood-brain barrier damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage. The mechanism can be confirmed by inhibiting the MAP4K4/NF-κB/MMP9 pathway. All experimental procedures and protocols were approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (No. 2018002) on January 15, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), The Graduate Training Base of Liaoning Medical College; Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu-Shu Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dong-Dong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang; Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Proivnce, China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang; Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Proivnce, China
| | - Guang-Zhi Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Peng-Yu Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guo-Biao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command), Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Naringenin reduces early brain injury in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) mice: The role of the AMPK/SIRT3 signaling pathway. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Chen S, Peng J, Sherchan P, Ma Y, Xiang S, Yan F, Zhao H, Jiang Y, Wang N, Zhang JH, Zhang H. TREM2 activation attenuates neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis via PI3K/Akt pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:168. [PMID: 32466767 PMCID: PMC7257134 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation is an important host defense response to secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) confers strong neuroprotective effects by attenuating neuroinflammation in experimental ischemic stroke. Recent studies suggest that apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a novel, high-affinity ligand of TREM2. This study aimed to investigate the effects of TREM2 activation on neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in a mouse model of ICH. METHODS Adult male CD1 mice (n = 216) were subjected to intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase. The TREM2 ligand, apoE-mimetic peptide COG1410 was administered intranasally at 1 h after ICH induction. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, TREM2 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 were administered intracerebroventricularly prior to COG1410 treatment. Neurobehavioral tests, brain water content, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and Fluoro-Jade C- and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining were performed. RESULTS Endogenous TREM2 expression was increased and peaked at 24 h after ICH. TREM2 was expressed on microglia, astrocytes, and neurons. COG1410 improved both short-term and long-term neurological functions, reduced brain edema, inhibited microglia/macrophage activation and neutrophil infiltration, and suppressed neuronal apoptotic cell death in perihematomal areas after ICH. Knockdown of endogenous TREM2 by TREM2 siRNA aggravated neurological deficits and decreased the expression of TREM2 in naïve and ICH mice. COG1410 was associated with upregulation of TREM2, PI3K, phosphorylated-Akt, and Bcl-2 and downregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and Bax after ICH. The neuroprotective effects of COG1410 were abolished by both TREM2 siRNA and PI3K inhibitor LY294002. CONCLUSIONS Our finding demonstrated that TREM2 activation improved neurological functions and attenuated neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis after ICH, which was, at least in part, mediated by activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, activation of TREM2 may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of ICH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengpan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 10053, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Risley Hall, Room 219, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Risley Hall, Room 219, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Prativa Sherchan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Risley Hall, Room 219, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Yongjie Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 10053, China
| | - Sishi Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 10053, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 10053, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 10053, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Functions, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 10053, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Neurosurgery and Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Risley Hall, Room 219, 11041 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
| | - Hongqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 10053, China.
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