1
|
Mavrogiorgou P, Juckel G. [Paranormal Experience and Mental Disorders]. FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE-PSYCHIATRIE 2024; 92:355-261. [PMID: 36070772 DOI: 10.1055/a-1917-0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Paranormal experiences such as superstition, perception of the supernatural and magical thinking have accompanied human history into the so-called modern world and play a major role in developmental psychology. Yet this area has remained unclear in its terminology, in its phenomenal scope, but also in its relation to reality in literature and everyday practice. The attempt is here undertaken clarify the significance of paranormal experience on a theoretical level in the sense of a "unsure experience of reality", but also to present its importance for diagnostics and therapy of psychiatric conditions in the context of e. g., psychotic, dissociative or OCD-related symptomatology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Mavrogiorgou
- LWL-Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Präventivmedizin, Bochum, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- LWL-Universitätsklinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Präventivmedizin, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun X, Zhong J. The dimensionality of perceptual anomalies and their relationships with bullying victimization among Chinese adolescents: From a network perspective. Schizophr Res 2023; 262:42-50. [PMID: 37922843 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Anomalous perceptual experiences in adolescents are common and may predict future psychotic disorders and other psychopathologies. However, the underlying structure and their specific relationships with bullying victimizations, a typical stressor for adolescents, remain unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to clarify the structure of perceptual anomalies as assessed by the Cardiff Anomalous Perceptions Scale (CAPS) using exploratory graph analysis (EGA), a new factor retention method based on network psychometrics. The second aim was to explore whether specific dimensions of perceptual anomalies are particularly associated with certain forms of bullying victimization. Data from a validated sample of 1199 Chinese adolescents (56.0 % females, age range: 14-20) on perceptual anomalies and bullying victimizations were analyzed using network approaches, including EGA and mixed graphical modeling (mgm). Results showed that each anomalous perception was experienced by 13.8-50.3 % of the participants. EGA identified four dimensions: aberrant bodily perceptions, altered daily experiences, chemosensation (i.e., abnormal gustatory and olfactory experiences), and clinical psychosis (i.e., visual and auditory hallucinatory experiences). Among them, the altered daily experiences dimension possessed the highest centrality. Physical bullying and cyberbullying were directly and positively linked to two of the aberrant bodily experiences. Bootstrap analyses suggest that the results are reliable. The current findings support the existence of multiple contributive factors to perceptual anomalies and underscore the importance of bullying prevention in reducing mental health risks for adolescents, particularly the risk of psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Sun
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Center for Mind and Brain Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jingyi Zhong
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aljaberi MA, Al-Sharafi MA, Uzir MUH, Sabah A, Ali AM, Lee KH, Alsalahi A, Noman S, Lin CY. Psychological Toll of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An In-Depth Exploration of Anxiety, Depression, and Insomnia and the Influence of Quarantine Measures on Daily Life. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2418. [PMID: 37685451 PMCID: PMC10487588 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11172418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, on a global scale, has prompted multifaceted challenges, including a notable psychological toll on the general population. This study uses mixed-method approach for a nuanced exploration of these experiences. Using a phenomenological strategy, qualitative responses from 999 participants were analyzed regarding their pandemic-induced anxiety and the influence of quarantine measures on their lives. Quantitative measures, including the revised Impact of Event Scale (IES-R), patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the seven-item generalized anxiety disorder assessment (GAD-7), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), were used to quantify trauma, depression, anxiety, and insomnia attributed to COVID-19. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized for quantitative data analysis. The anxiety-related responses were mainly clustered into four themes: life threats, support shortage, economic consequences, and disruptions to family and social life. Subthemes that addressed the perceived effects encapsulated disruptions to academic and professional lives, familial and social relationships, psychopathological stress, and movement limitations. The findings from quantitative analysis revealed the significant associations between COVID-19-related trauma and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, as indicated by coefficients exceeding 0.10 (all z-values > 1.96; p-values < 0.05). In conclusion, the findings underscore COVID-19's role in escalating anxiety, influenced by various factors, and its disruptive effects on daily life due to quarantine measures. The strong associations between the pandemic and the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and insomnia underscore the urgency of comprehensive psychological and public health interventions to alleviate these impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Musheer A. Aljaberi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz 6803, Yemen
- Faculty of Nursing and Applied Sciences, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya 47301, Malaysia
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43300, Malaysia;
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Sharafi
- Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Putrajaya Campus, Kajang 43000, Malaysia;
| | - Md. Uzir Hossain Uzir
- Faculty of Business and Accountancy, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya 47301, Malaysia;
| | - Aiche Sabah
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef, Chlef 02076, Algeria;
| | - Amira Mohammed Ali
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Smouha, Alexandria 21527, Egypt;
| | - Kuo-Hsin Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Dachang Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City 824, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yi-Da Road, Jiao-Su Village, Yan-Chao District, Kaohsiung City 824, Taiwan
| | - Abdulsamad Alsalahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University, Sana’a 1247, Yemen;
| | - Sarah Noman
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43300, Malaysia;
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Assefa N, Abdullahi YY, Hemler EC, Lankoande B, Madzorera I, Wang D, Ismail A, Chukwu A, Workneh F, Mapendo F, Millogo O, Abubakari SW, Febir LG, Lyatuu I, Dianou K, Baernighausen T, Soura A, Asante KP, Smith E, Vuai S, Worku A, Killewo J, Mwanyika-Sando M, Berhane Y, Sie A, Tajudeen R, Oduola A, Fawzi WW. COVID-19 Preventive Practices, Psychological Distress, and Reported Barriers to Healthcare Access during the Pandemic among Adult Community Members in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Phone Survey. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 108:124-136. [PMID: 36509058 PMCID: PMC9833061 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had serious negative health and economic impacts in sub-Saharan Africa. Continuous monitoring of these impacts is crucial to formulate interventions to minimize the consequences of COVID-19. This study surveyed 2,829 adults in urban and rural sites among five sub-Saharan African countries: Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Ghana. Participants completed a mobile phone survey that assessed self-reported sociodemographics, COVID-19 preventive practices, psychological distress, and barriers to healthcare access. A modified Poisson regression model was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% CIs to investigate potential factors related to psychological distress and barriers to reduced healthcare access. At least 15.6% of adults reported experiencing any psychological distress in the previous 2 weeks, and 10.5% reported that at least one essential healthcare service was difficult to access 2 years into the pandemic. The majority of participants reported using several COVID-19 preventive methods, with varying proportions across the sites. Participants in the urban site of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (aPR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.74-3.03) and in the rural site of Kintampo, Ghana (aPR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.21-2.34) had a higher likelihood of experiencing any psychological distress compared with those in the rural area of Nouna, Burkina Faso. Loss of employment due to COVID-19 (aPR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.47-2.11) was also associated with an increased prevalence of psychological distress. The number of children under 5 years in the household (aPR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.14-1.33) and participant self-reported psychological distress (aPR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.48-2.27) were associated with an increased prevalence of reporting barriers to accessing health services, whereas wage employment (aPR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49-0.90) was associated with decreased prevalence of reporting barriers to accessing health services. Overall, we found a high prevalence of psychological distress and interruptions in access to healthcare services 2 years into the pandemic across five sub-Saharan African countries. Increased effort and attention should be given to addressing the negative impacts of COVID-19 on psychological distress. An equitable and collaborative approach to new and existing preventive measures for COVID-19 is crucial to limit the consequences of COVID-19 on the health of adults in sub-Saharan Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nega Assefa
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Yasir Y Abdullahi
- College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Elena C Hemler
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruno Lankoande
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Isabel Madzorera
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Abbas Ismail
- College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Angela Chukwu
- Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Frank Mapendo
- Africa Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Sulemana Watara Abubakari
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Research and Development Division, Ghana Health Service, Kintampo North Municipality, Bono East Region, Ghana
| | - Lawrence Gyabaa Febir
- Kintampo Health Research Centre, Research and Development Division, Ghana Health Service, Kintampo North Municipality, Bono East Region, Ghana
| | - Isaac Lyatuu
- Africa Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Kassoum Dianou
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Till Baernighausen
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Abdramane Soura
- Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Emily Smith
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia.,Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Said Vuai
- College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Alemayehu Worku
- Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Japhet Killewo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Yemane Berhane
- Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ali Sie
- Nouna Health Research Center, Nouna, Burkina Faso
| | - Raji Tajudeen
- Division of Public Health Institutes and Research, Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ayo Oduola
- University of Ibadan Research Foundation, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Wafaie W Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Escolà-Gascón Á, Dagnall N, Denovan A, Drinkwater K, Diez-Bosch M. Who falls for fake news? Psychological and clinical profiling evidence of fake news consumers. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2023; 200:111893. [PMID: 36089997 PMCID: PMC9450498 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2022.111893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Awareness of the potential psychological significance of false news increased during the coronavirus pandemic, however, its impact on psychopathology and individual differences remains unclear. Acknowledging this, the authors investigated the psychological and psychopathological profiles that characterize fake news consumption. A total of 1452 volunteers from the general population with no previous psychiatric history participated. They responded to clinical psychopathology assessment tests. Respondents solved a fake news screening test, which allowed them to be allocated to a quasi-experimental condition: group 1 (non-fake news consumers) or group 2 (fake news consumers). Mean comparison, Bayesian inference, and multiple regression analyses were applied. Participants with a schizotypal, paranoid, and histrionic personality were ineffective at detecting fake news. They were also more vulnerable to suffer its negative effects. Specifically, they displayed higher levels of anxiety and committed more cognitive biases based on suggestibility and the Barnum Effect. No significant effects on psychotic symptomatology or affective mood states were observed. Corresponding to these outcomes, two clinical and therapeutic recommendations related to the reduction of the Barnum Effect and the reinterpretation of digital media sensationalism were made. The impact of fake news and possible ways of prevention are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- Blanquerna Faculty of Communication and International Relations, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neil Dagnall
- Psychology Department Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Denovan
- University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Drinkwater
- Psychology Department Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Diez-Bosch
- Blanquerna Faculty of Communication and International Relations, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mengin AC, Allé MC, Koning E, Pham B, Park S, Berna F, Giersch A. Facing the pandemic and lockdown: an insight on mental health from a longitudinal study using diaries. SCHIZOPHRENIA 2022; 8:22. [PMID: 35292663 PMCID: PMC8922066 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a longitudinal online study to examine attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) over time in a sample of locked-down individuals. We used (i) questionnaires and (ii) the automatic analysis of the emotional content of narratives. Participants (N = 162) were recruited to complete an online survey 4 times between March and June 2020 (T1, T2, T3, T4). T1 completion coincided with the beginning of the lockdown, and T4 with the pandemic trough. Depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed with the DASS-42 and APS with the PQ-16. Psychosocial data such as the feeling of loneliness and social network size were also collected. The participants wrote daily narratives during the lockdown period. Anxiety and APS were the highest at T1 and decreased over time. APS and APS-associated distress were correlated with the DASS-42 at all times. APS arose acutely at the beginning of the pandemic, despite participants being socio-economically advantaged, and were related with negative emotions.
Collapse
|
7
|
Escolà-Gascón Á. Impact of conspiracist ideation and psychotic-like experiences in patients with schizophrenia during the COVID-19 crisis. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 146:135-148. [PMID: 34979358 PMCID: PMC9749884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Conspiratorial belief is a type of argument that accepts implausible explanations in situations of great uncertainty or mystery. Claiming that the coronavirus is an artificial fabrication of laboratories is an example of conspiracist belief. The aim of this research was to analyze the impact of conspiracist ideation and psychotic-like experiences in patients with schizophrenia, patients with other mental disorders, and participants with no psychiatric history with a 132-day follow-up during the COVID-19 crisis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied and Bayesian inferences were carried out. The results conclude that conspiracist ideation and psychotic-like experiences increased significantly after 132 days of social-health restrictions in the general population. However, psychotic-like experiences did not increase in patients with schizophrenia. Conspiracist ideation has a quantitative degradation similar to the continuum model of psychosis; it is present both in patients with schizophrenia and in those participants with no clinical history. The psychopathological value of conspiracist ideation within the spectrum of psychosis is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- School of Communication and International Relations, Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain; School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Escolà-Gascón Á. Statistical indicators of compliance with anti-COVID-19 public health measures at European airports. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION : IJDRR 2022; 68:102720. [PMID: 34926139 PMCID: PMC8665843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
International travel and the infrastructures involved are key elements in controlling and predicting the number of infections by an infectious disease (specifically COVID-19 cases). This research presents the rates or percentages of compliance with COVID-19 mitigation measures at several international airports in Europe (Madrid, Dublin, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Zurich, Barcelona, and Bilbao). A structured survey called the COVID-19 Measures Implementation Rate at Airports (MIRA) was developed. First, the validity and reliability of the measurements obtained by MIRA were analyzed. A total of 1239 volunteers (passengers, cabin crew, and ground crew) participated in the study and answered the MIRA questionnaire. Second, once the validity and reliability of the measurements were assured, the rates or percentages of cases that observed compliance with the mitigation measures were calculated. The results indicated that participants perceived a low degree of compliance with sanitary measures in their international travel (the proportions ranged from 52.6% to 59%). The airports with the highest compliance with mitigation measures were the Dublin (with a rate of 70%) and Zurich airports (with a rate of 69.1%). In conclusion, the percentages could be low due to the ineffective implementation of some of the mitigation measures. The low percentages are not related to the health measures themselves. The implications of mitigation measures for containing the transmission of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Communication and International Relations, Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Escolà-Gascón Á, Dagnall N, Gallifa J. Critical thinking predicts reductions in Spanish physicians' stress levels and promotes fake news detection. THINKING SKILLS AND CREATIVITY 2021; 42:100934. [PMID: 35154504 PMCID: PMC8818444 DOI: 10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of pseudoscientific beliefs and fake news increased during the coronavirus crisis. Misinformation streams such as these potentially pose risks to people's health. Thus, knowing how these pseudoscientific beliefs and fake news impact the community of internists may be useful for improving primary care services. In this research, analyses of stress levels, effectiveness in detecting fake news, use of critical thinking (CP), and attitudes toward pseudosciences in internists during the COVID-19 crisis were performed. A total of 1129 internists participated. Several multiple regression models were applied using the forward stepwise method to determine the weight of CP and physicians' attitudes toward pseudosciences in predicting reductions in stress levels and facilitating the detection of fake news. The use of critical thinking predicted 46.9% of the reduction in stress levels. Similarly, skeptical attitudes and critical thinking predicted 56.1% of the hits on fake news detection tests. The stress levels of physicians during the coronavirus pandemic were clinically significant. The efficacy of fake news detection increases by 30.7% if the individual was a physician. Study outcomes indicate that the use of critical thinking and skeptical attitudes reduce stress levels and allow better detection of fake news. The importance of how to promote critical and skeptical attitudes in the field of medicine is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- Ramon Llull University, School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, 34 Císter St, Barcelona, 08022, Spain
| | - Neil Dagnall
- Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Josep Gallifa
- Ramon Llull University, School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, 34 Císter St, Barcelona, 08022, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pian W, Chi J, Ma F. The causes, impacts and countermeasures of COVID-19 "Infodemic": A systematic review using narrative synthesis. Inf Process Manag 2021; 58:102713. [PMID: 34720340 PMCID: PMC8545871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2021.102713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented infodemic has been witnessed to create massive damage to human society. However, it was not thoroughly investigated. This systematic review aims to (1) synthesize the existing literature on the causes and impacts of COVID-19 infodemic; (2) summarize the proposed strategies to fight with COVID-19 infodemic; and (3) identify the directions for future research. A systematic literature search following the PRISMA guideline covering 12 scholarly databases was conducted to retrieve various types of peer-reviewed articles that reported causes, impacts, or countermeasures of the infodemic. Empirical studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool. A coding theme was iteratively developed to categorize the causes, impacts, and countermeasures found from the included studies. Social media usage, low level of health/eHealth literacy, and fast publication process and preprint service are identified as the major causes of the infodemic. Besides, the vicious circle of human rumor-spreading behavior and the psychological issues from the public (e.g., anxiety, distress, fear) emerges as the characteristic of the infodemic. Comprehensive lists of countermeasures are summarized from different perspectives, among which risk communication and consumer health information need/seeking are of particular importance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed and future research directions are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Pian
- School of Economics & Management, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Qishan Campus, Fuzhou City 350116
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 315 Xihong Road, Fuzhou City 350025, China
| | - Jianxing Chi
- School of Communication, Fujian Normal University, 1 Keji Road, Qishan Campus, Fuzhou City, 350117, China
- School of Information Management, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan City 430072, China
| | - Feicheng Ma
- Center for Studies of Information Resources, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan City 430072, China
- Big Data Institute, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan City 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Segev A, Hirsch-Klein E, Kotz G, Kamhi-Nesher S, Halimi S, Qashu K, Schreiber E, Krivoy A. Trends of new-onset psychosis or mania in psychiatric emergency departments during the COVID19 pandemic: a longitudinal comparative study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21002. [PMID: 34697335 PMCID: PMC8546064 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00310-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID19 infection was associated with possible psychiatric manifestations, including psychosis and mania. In addition, psychiatric disorders might be triggered by severe psychological reactions to the pandemic or the measures taken to contain it. This study aimed to assess the trends of new-onset psychosis/mania during the pandemic timeline. Psychiatric emergency department records during January-July 2019 and 2020 of two regional mental health centers were manually examined. Cases of new-onset psychosis or mania were found in 326 out of 5161 records examined. The ratio of these cases increased by 45.5% in 2020 compared to 2019 (189 out of 2367, 137 out of 2479, respectively, p = 0.001). The peak increase was in April 2020 (9.4% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.015). There was no association between the rise of new-onset psychotic or manic episodes and national incidence of COVID19 cases, as observed during Israel 2nd wave. PCR tests were negative, except a single case. In this study, an increase in new-onset psychosis/mania was identified during the initial phase of the pandemic. Though causality could not be directly inferred, lack of infection symptoms, negative PCR testing and temporal distribution incongruent with COVID19 caseload did not support a direct effect of SARS-CoV-2. Alternative explanations are discussed, such as psychological reaction to stress and preventive measures, as well as case-shifting between different mental health settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Segev
- Shalvata Mental Health Center, Alyat Hanoar 13th St., Hod Hasharon, Israel.
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Department of Psychosis, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| | - Efrat Hirsch-Klein
- Shalvata Mental Health Center, Alyat Hanoar 13th St., Hod Hasharon, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gershon Kotz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Be'er Yaakov Mental Health Center, 1st Rabin Av., Be'er Ya'akov, Israel
| | - Shiri Kamhi-Nesher
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Geha Mental Health Center, 1st Helsinki St., Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Shikma Halimi
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Geha Mental Health Center, 1st Helsinki St., Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Khalil Qashu
- Shalvata Mental Health Center, Alyat Hanoar 13th St., Hod Hasharon, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ephraim Schreiber
- Shalvata Mental Health Center, Alyat Hanoar 13th St., Hod Hasharon, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Krivoy
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Psychosis, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- Geha Mental Health Center, 1st Helsinki St., Petach Tikva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Magarini FM, Pinelli M, Sinisi A, Ferrari S, De Fazio GL, Galeazzi GM. Irrational Beliefs about COVID-19: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9839. [PMID: 34639241 PMCID: PMC8508358 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18199839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of the recent Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) and its spread as a pandemic, there has been a parallel spread of false and misleading information, known as an infodemic. The COVID-19 infodemic has induced distrust in scientific communities, governments, institutions and the population, and a confidence crisis that has led to harmful health behaviours, also impacting on mental health. The aim of this study is to provide a scoping review of the scientific literature about COVID-19-related misinformation and conspiracy theories, focusing on the construction of a conceptual framework which is useful for the interpretation of the conspiracy theory phenomenon surrounding COVID-19, and its consequences. Particular socio-environmental conditions (i.e., low educational level, younger age), psychological processes and attitudes (such as low levels of epistemic trust, the avoidance of uncertainty, extraversion, collective narcissism, and a conspiracy-prone mindset), and contextual factors (e.g., high levels of self-perceived risk and anxiety) seem to underpin the adherence to beliefs that are not solely the domain of paranoids and extremists but a widespread phenomenon that has caused important health, social and political consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Maria Magarini
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, School of Specialization in Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.M.M.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Margherita Pinelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, School of Specialization in Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.M.M.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Arianna Sinisi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, School of Specialization in Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.M.M.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (S.F.)
| | - Silvia Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, School of Specialization in Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.M.M.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (S.F.)
- Section of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo 7, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Gian Maria Galeazzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, School of Specialization in Psychiatry, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy; (F.M.M.); (M.P.); (A.S.); (S.F.)
- Section of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo 7, 41124 Modena, Italy
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Dipendenze Patologiche, USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Allé MC, Berntsen D. Self-isolation, psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems during the COVID-19 worldwide outbreak. Psychiatry Res 2021; 302:114015. [PMID: 34062477 PMCID: PMC8131183 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide outbreak of CoronaVirus Disease appeared in 2019 (COVID-19) has forced millions of people into social isolation. Past research has documented negative psychological effects of self-isolation during health crises, in terms of stress, anger or depressive symptoms, but overall ignored psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems. The present study (n = 211) examined the relationship between the conditions of self-isolation - that is, duration, living space, frequency of social interactions - and psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems during the COVID-19 outbreak. The frequency of both psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems was associated with time since last conversation, with time since the person last left home and with smaller living space. Participants who reported an increase of psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems during the period of the pandemic also showed higher levels of symptoms. Although social isolation is an effective method for preventing the COVID-19 from spreading, for some individuals it is associated with an increased risk of developing psychotic symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa C Allé
- Center on Autobiographical Memory Research, Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | - Dorthe Berntsen
- Center on Autobiographical Memory Research, Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is having a critical impact on healthcare systems across the world, as well as on mental health in the general population; however, evidence regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with schizophrenia and on the onset of psychotic symptoms is currently emerging. RECENT FINDINGS People living with schizophrenia are at an increased risk of COVID-19 and present worse COVID-19-related outcomes, including mortality. They show low levels of information and of concern regarding the possibility of contagion and infection but presented substantially stable levels of psychotic symptoms and even increased subjective well being during the pandemic. SARS-CoV-2, as well as the prolonged social isolation and the spread of misinformation, appear to be responsible in some cases for the onset of psychotic symptoms. SUMMARY Clinicians should inform and educate their patients on the risks related to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 and on the precautions that they should adopt to avoid contagion. Particular attention should be devoted to maintaining the continuity of care, especially in frail patients. Telemedicine might represent a valid support, but face-to-face visits in some cases remain essential. The hypothesis of a direct role of viral infection on the onset of psychotic disorders is currently debated, as viral involvement of central nervous system appears to be rather infrequent in COVID-19.
Collapse
|
15
|
Fasce A, Avendaño D, Adrián‐Ventura J. Revised and short versions of the pseudoscientific belief scale. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.3811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Fasce
- Department of Philosophy University of Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Diego Avendaño
- Department of Psychology University of Pamplona Villa del Rosario Colombia
| | - Jesús Adrián‐Ventura
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology Jaume I University Castellón Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lee JH, Lee H, Kim JE, Moon SJ, Nam EW. Analysis of personal and national factors that influence depression in individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a web-based cross-sectional survey. Global Health 2021; 17:3. [PMID: 33402174 PMCID: PMC7783293 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-020-00650-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Previous studies of infectious diseases showed that infectious diseases not only cause physical damage to infected individuals but also damage to the mental health of the public. Therefore this study aims to analyze the factors that affected depression in the public during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide evidence for COVID-19-related mental health policies and to emphasize the need to prepare for mental health issues related to potential infectious disease outbreaks in the future. RESULTS This study performed the following statistical analyses to analyze the factors that influence depression in the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. First, to confirm the level of depression in the public in each country, the participants' depression was plotted on a Boxplot graph for analysis. Second, to confirm personal and national factors that influence depression in individuals, a multi-level analysis was conducted. As a result, the median Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score for all participants was 6. The median was higher than the overall median for the Philippines, Indonesia, and Paraguay, suggesting a higher level of depression. In personal variables, depression was higher in females than in males, and higher in participants who had experienced discrimination due to COVID-19 than those who had not. In contrast, depression was lower in older participants, those with good subjective health, and those who practiced personal hygiene for prevention. In national variables, depression was higher when the Government Response Stringency Index score was higher, when life expectancy was higher, and when social capital was higher. In contrast, depression was lower when literacy rates were higher. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that depression was higher in participants living in countries with higher stringency index scores than in participants living in other countries. Maintaining a high level of vigilance for safety cannot be criticized. However, in the current situation, where coexisting with COVID-19 has become inevitable, inflexible and stringent policies not only increase depression in the public, but may also decrease resilience to COVID-19 and compromise preparations for coexistence with COVID-19. Accordingly, when establishing policies such as social distancing and quarantine, each country should consider the context of their own country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ho Lee
- Department of Health Administration, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Lee
- Department of Health Administration, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Kim
- Department of Health Administration, Yonsei University Graduate School, Wonju, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jun Moon
- Korea Institute for Health and Social Affair, Sejong City, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Woo Nam
- Yonsei Global Health Center, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
- Health Administration Department, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Escolà-Gascón Á. New techniques to measure lie detection using COVID-19 fake news and the Multivariable Multiaxial Suggestibility Inventory-2 (MMSI-2). COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2020.100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
|
18
|
Escolà-Gascón Á, Marín FX, Rusiñol J, Gallifa J. Evidence of the psychological effects of pseudoscientific information about COVID-19 on rural and urban populations. Psychiatry Res 2021; 295:113628. [PMID: 33340799 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the effects of pseudoscientific information (PI) about COVID-19 on the mental well-being of the general population. A total of 782 participants were classified according to the type of municipality in which they lived (rural municipalities and urban municipalities). The participants answered psychometric questionnaires that assessed psychological well-being, pseudoscientific beliefs and the ability to discriminate between scientific and pseudoscientific information about COVID-19. The results indicated the following: the greater the ability to discriminate between false information and true information, the greater the levels of psychological well-being perceived by the participant. The ability to discriminate predicts up to 32% of psychological well-being only for subjects living in rural municipalities. Residents in urban municipalities showed lower levels of well-being than residents in rural municipalities. It is concluded that new social resources are needed to help the general population of urban municipalities discriminate between pseudoscientific and scientific information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francesc-Xavier Marín
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rusiñol
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Gallifa
- Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mouchtouri VA, Agathagelidou E, Kofonikolas K, Rousou X, Dadouli K, Pinaka O, Agathocleous E, Anagnostopoulou L, Chatziligou C, Christoforidou EP, Chalntoupi T, Kalomoiris L, Kapoula C, Kokkinou V, Constantinides A, Konstantinou P, Kostara E, Kourentis L, Lantou A, Lempidakis G, Liasidi PN, Michalakis C, Panagiotou D, Panteliadou F, Papadoulis V, Papantoniou G, Psatha M, Ragias D, Ringa V, Syrakouli A, Skoutari A, Stergiadou S, Theodorou A, Tzika V, Lagiou A, Dardavesis T, Prezerakos P, Hadjichristodoulou C. Nationwide Survey in Greece about Knowledge, Risk Perceptions, and Preventive Behaviors for COVID-19 during the General Lockdown in April 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238854. [PMID: 33260789 PMCID: PMC7729503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the Greek general population toward coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the lockdown period in April 2020, to examine factors associated with misperceptions and to determine behavioral patterns that may require interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional study of the general Greek population (N = 1858) was conducted. A geographically stratified cluster sampling was implemented. A questionnaire was composed consisting of 35 questions. Data collection took place from 15 April to 2 May 2020. A random-digit dialing survey was conducted by 29 interviewers. Results: The majority of respondents (62.7%) answered ≥12/17 questions correctly. Participants aged 18–44 years, male gender, specific occupations (freelancer, unemployed, housewife, retiree) and those who sought information about COVID-19 from less than two sources received lower aggregated scores on knowledge questions. Regarding attitudes toward future vaccination, 18.9% declared that were against it, while 81.1% that they may consider or will be vaccinated. About 40% were not using a face mask and only 42% washed their hands appropriately. Conclusion: Adjusting information campaigns targeting especially people below 45 years of age can help to sensitize them and realise their role to control the spread. Further targeted surveys are needed to adjust/design prevention campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varvara A. Mouchtouri
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Evagelia Agathagelidou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Kleovoulos Kofonikolas
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Xanthi Rousou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Katerina Dadouli
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Ourania Pinaka
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Evi Agathocleous
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Lemonia Anagnostopoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Chrysanthi Chatziligou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Eleni P. Christoforidou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Thekla Chalntoupi
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Loukas Kalomoiris
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Christina Kapoula
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Vasiliki Kokkinou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Aggeliki Constantinides
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Petros Konstantinou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Elina Kostara
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Leonidas Kourentis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Anastasia Lantou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Georgios Lempidakis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Polixeni-Natalia Liasidi
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Christos Michalakis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Dorothea Panagiotou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Freideriki Panteliadou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Vasileios Papadoulis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Grigorios Papantoniou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Maria Psatha
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Dimitrios Ragias
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Vera Ringa
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Argyro Syrakouli
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Angeliki Skoutari
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Stella Stergiadou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Andreas Theodorou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Vasiliki Tzika
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| | - Areti Lagiou
- Department of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 12243 Athens, Greece;
| | - Theodoros Dardavesis
- Department of Hygiene, Social-Preventative Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | | | - Christos Hadjichristodoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41222 Larissa, Greece; (E.A.); (K.K.); (X.R.); (K.D.); (O.P.); (E.A.); (L.A.); (C.C.); (E.P.C.); (T.C.); (L.K.); (C.K.); (V.K.); (A.C.); (P.K.); (E.K.); (L.K.); (A.L.); (G.L.); (P.-N.L.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (F.P.); (V.P.); (G.P.); (M.P.); (D.R.); (V.R.); (A.S.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (A.T.); (V.T.); (C.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Escolà-Gascón Á, Marín FX, Rusiñol J, Gallifa J. Measuring Psychosocial Reactions to COVID-19: The COVID Reaction Scales (COVID-RS) as a New Assessment Tool. Front Psychol 2020; 11:607064. [PMID: 33329283 PMCID: PMC7718022 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.607064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowing and measuring the psychosocial reactions of people to the coronavirus crisis could be useful for predicting citizen responsibility and psychological well-being in the general population. In this research, we present the COVID Reaction Scales (COVID-RS), a new tool that can measure and quantify the psychopathological reactions of the population to the COVID-19 crisis. The sample consisted of 667 subjects. Explorative and confirmative factor analyses were applied to examine the validity and reliability of the COVID-RS. Five dimensions were extracted that predicted 35.08% of the variance of the psychopathological reactions: (1) disorganized behaviors, (2) avoidant behaviors, (3) maladaptive information consumption, (4) herd behaviors and (5) loneliness. The results indicated that social quarantine induces and increases psychopathological reactions. However, emotional loneliness is reduced for each person with whom the respective subject lives during the quarantine. Finally, we can conclude that the COVID-RS has satisfactory validity and reliability. Measuring dysfunctional reactions to COVID-19 can enable the prediction of citizen responsibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Álex Escolà-Gascón
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc-Xavier Marín
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rusiñol
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Gallifa
- School of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE Blanquerna), Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Papadimos TJ, Soghoian SE, Nanayakkara P, Singh S, Miller AC, Saddikuti V, Jayatilleke AU, Dubhashi SP, Firstenberg MS, Dutta V, Chauhan V, Sharma P, Galwankar SC, Garg M, Taylor N, Stawicki SP. COVID-19 Blind Spots: A Consensus Statement on the Importance of Competent Political Leadership and the Need for Public Health Cognizance. J Glob Infect Dis 2020; 12:167-190. [PMID: 33888955 PMCID: PMC8045535 DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_397_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, important discoveries and considerations emerge regarding the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pathogen; its biological and epidemiological characteristics; and the corresponding psychological, societal, and public health (PH) impacts. During the past year, the global community underwent a massive transformation, including the implementation of numerous nonpharmacological interventions; critical diversions or modifications across various spheres of our economic and public domains; and a transition from consumption-driven to conservation-based behaviors. Providing essential necessities such as food, water, health care, financial, and other services has become a formidable challenge, with significant threats to the existing supply chains and the shortage or reduction of workforce across many sectors of the global economy. Food and pharmaceutical supply chains constitute uniquely vulnerable and critically important areas that require high levels of safety and compliance. Many regional health-care systems faced at least one wave of overwhelming COVID-19 case surges, and still face the possibility of a new wave of infections on the horizon, potentially in combination with other endemic diseases such as influenza, dengue, tuberculosis, and malaria. In this context, the need for an effective and scientifically informed leadership to sustain and improve global capacity to ensure international health security is starkly apparent. Public health "blind spotting," promulgation of pseudoscience, and academic dishonesty emerged as significant threats to population health and stability during the pandemic. The goal of this consensus statement is to provide a focused summary of such "blind spots" identified during an expert group intense analysis of "missed opportunities" during the initial wave of the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Papadimos
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Samara E. Soghoian
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Prabath Nanayakkara
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Sarman Singh
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Andrew C. Miller
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Siddharth P. Dubhashi
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Michael S. Firstenberg
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Vibha Dutta
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Vivek Chauhan
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Pushpa Sharma
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Sagar C. Galwankar
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Manish Garg
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas Taylor
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Stanislaw P. Stawicki
- On Behalf of the Multidisciplinary ACAIM-WACEM COVID-19 Consensus Group, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|