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Lau SHM, Jiin Ying L, Goh CYJ, Choo J, Chow C, Ling S, Ng YH, Yi Hua T, Teo JX, Chua KP, Chin M, Lim WK, Jamuar SS, Lai AHM, Goh JLK. Dilated aorta in CNOT3 -related neurodevelopmental disorder: 'expanding' the phenotype. Clin Dysmorphol 2024; 33:176-182. [PMID: 39140378 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0000000000000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) comprise conditions that emerge during the child's development and contribute significantly to global health and economic burdens. De novo variants in CNOT3 have been linked to NDDs and understanding the genotype-phenotype relationship between CNOT3 and NDDs will aid in improving diagnosis and management. METHODS In this study, we report a case of a patient with CNOT3 -related NDD who presented with progressive aortic dilatation, a feature not reported previously. RESULTS Our patient presented with intellectual disorder, dysmorphic facial features, and cardiac anomalies, notably progressive aortic dilatation - a novel finding in CNOT3 -related NDD. Genetic testing identified a de novo 6.3 kbp intragenic deletion in CNOT3 , providing a possible genetic basis for her condition. CONCLUSION This study presents the first case of CNOT3 -related NDD in Southeast Asia, expanding the phenotype to include progressive aortic dilatation and suggesting merit in cardiac surveillance of patients with CNOT3 -related NDD. It also emphasizes the importance of genetic testing in diagnosing complex NDD cases as well as reanalysis of 'negative' cases using advanced sequencing technologies to uncover potential hidden genetic etiologies in undiagnosed NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lim Jiin Ying
- Genetics Service, Department of Paediatrics , KK Women's and Children's Hospital
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre
| | - Chew Yin Jasmine Goh
- Genetics Service, Department of Paediatrics , KK Women's and Children's Hospital
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre
- Division of Nursing - Nursing Clinical Service, KK Women's and Children's Hospital
| | - Jonathan Choo
- Cardiology Service, Department of Paediatric Subspecialties
| | - Cristelle Chow
- Paediatric Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School
- Complex Care Service, Department of Paediatrics
| | - Simon Ling
- Paediatric Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School
- Neurology Service, Department of Paediatrics
| | - Yong Hong Ng
- Paediatric Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School
- Nephrology Service, Department of Paediatrics
| | - Tan Yi Hua
- Paediatric Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School
- Respiratory Medicine Service, Department of Paediatrics , KK Women's and Children's Hospital
| | - Jing Xian Teo
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khi Pin Chua
- Pacific BioSciences, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Minning Chin
- Pacific BioSciences, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School
- Singapore Laboratory of Genome Variation Analytics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saumya Shekhar Jamuar
- Genetics Service, Department of Paediatrics , KK Women's and Children's Hospital
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre
- Paediatric Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angeline Hwei Meeng Lai
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine , Nanyang Technological University
- Genetics Service, Department of Paediatrics , KK Women's and Children's Hospital
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre
- Paediatric Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School
| | - Jeannette Lay Kuan Goh
- Genetics Service, Department of Paediatrics , KK Women's and Children's Hospital
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Genomic Medicine Centre
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Halladay A, Croffie J, Dallman J, Grabenstatter H, Holingue C, Madgett K, Margolis KG, Motil KJ, Jimenez-Gomez A, Ferguson BJ, Moshiree B, Still K, Williams K, Upp GR, Bennett W. Conference proceedings: Inaugural meeting of the consortium for autism, genetic neurodevelopmental disorders, and digestive diseases. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024. [PMID: 39257288 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), often experience a higher prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms but have complex medical and behavioral comorbidities that make diagnosis and treatment difficult. A multi-stakeholder conference was convened to (a) determine patient and family experiences related to GI symptoms in NDDs, (b) review the clinicians' and researchers' perspectives, and (c) determine actionable steps for future research. METHODS The Consortium for Autism, Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Digestive Diseases (CANDID; www.candidgi.com) virtually over 2 days in 2022 and consisted of four key activities: (1) an electronic family survey to assess underlying NDDs and GI symptoms, (2) a session focused on family perspectives, (3) review current clinical care and research, and (4) discussion to identify key next steps. Survey results were obtained electronically via the REDCap platform, and descriptive statistics were generated. The sessions were recorded, and themes were identified. RESULTS The pre-conference survey ran for ~2 months and 739 families provided responses, with 634 completing all items. 83% had a child with an NDD under age 18, and most patients were White (85%) and non-Hispanic (87%). Constipation (80%), gastrointestinal reflux disease (51%), and bloating (49%) were the most frequently reported symptoms. Families gave unstructured feedback that the measures used in the surveys were often difficult to answer for patients with NDDs or who were nonspeaking. Family and clinical/scientific sessions identified several common themes, including (1) the need for less invasive diagnostic modalities, (2) the need to validate or adapt existing diagnostic measures (e.g., the Rome IV criteria) and outcome assessments, and (3) the need for enhanced attention to parent and caregiver input in treatment plans. CONCLUSIONS Those providing care to children with NDDs, especially those with communication and cognitive challenges, should be aware of the differing needs in this community and consider family perspectives in managing, treating, and measuring GI issues. Future research should focus on adapting or creating diagnostic and research measures for those with NDDs, developing new diagnostic methods to account for diversity in neurodevelopment and communication, and improving methods for family and caregiver engagement in the care of GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alycia Halladay
- Autism Science Foundation, New York, New York, USA
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Alliance for Genetic Etiologies in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joseph Croffie
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Indiana University School of Medicine/Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Julia Dallman
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Heidi Grabenstatter
- Alliance for Genetic Etiologies in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New York, New York, USA
- International Foundation for CDKL5 Research, Wadsworth, Ohio, USA
| | - Calliope Holingue
- Center for Autism and Related Disorders, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Katie Madgett
- Autism Science Foundation, New York, New York, USA
- Alliance for Genetic Etiologies in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kara G Margolis
- NYU Pain Research Center, New York, New York, USA
- NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathleen J Motil
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andres Jimenez-Gomez
- Neuroscience Center, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, Florida, USA
- Stiles-Nicholson Brain Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Bradley J Ferguson
- Departments of Health Psychology and Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
- Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopment, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Baha Moshiree
- Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
- Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kate Still
- Alliance for Genetic Etiologies in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New York, New York, USA
- Phelan-McDermid Syndrome Foundation, Osprey, Florida, USA
| | | | - Gerald Rick Upp
- International Foundation for CDKL5 Research, Wadsworth, Ohio, USA
| | - William Bennett
- Alliance for Genetic Etiologies in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Indiana University School of Medicine/Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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Tartaglione AM, Camoni L, Calamandrei G, Chiarotti F, Venerosi A. The contribution of environmental pollutants to the risk of autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review of case-control studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 164:105815. [PMID: 39053787 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants, such as metals, pesticides, and air pollutants during early life, is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Our systematic review aimed to select and summarize more recent case-control studies that examined the association between prenatal and early postnatal exposure to environmental pollutants and NDDs. We searched five databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Ovid), screened 2261 records, and included 24 eligible case-control studies. Meta-analyses were conducted on subgroups of at least three studies that shared both the outcome and the exposure. A noteworthy discovery from this literature review is the existence of non-linear or non-monotonic dose-response relationships between the exposure to certain metals and the risk of ASD. The meta-analysis revealed a significant association between exposure to particular matter (PM)10 during the first year of life and the risk of ASD. Overall, studies included in our systematic review indicate that exposure to several pollutants within the first three years of life was significantly associated with the risk of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Tartaglione
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - L Camoni
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - G Calamandrei
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - F Chiarotti
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - A Venerosi
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Cullenward J, Curtin M, Dos Santos V. Characteristics of effective parent-mediated interventions for parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders in rural areas: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e083464. [PMID: 39142676 PMCID: PMC11331994 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parent-mediated interventions are therapeutic approaches that use parent training to enable parents to provide primary support and intervention to their child through the development of necessary skills, knowledge, and resources.Parent-mediated interventions can be broadly divided into two stages: (1) Clinicians educating, training and coaching parents in the implementation of an intervention and relevant information regarding their child's condition and (2) Parent(s) mediating and implementing the intervention based on the coaching and education received. These interventions can act as the primary intervention for children or supplement clinical interventions. This review will include both stages of the implementation process as well as both primary and supplementary interventions. Outcomes of parent-mediated interventions include long-term symptom reduction, improved prognosis for a wide range of behavioural and brain functions and enhanced parent-child dyadic social communication. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This systematic review aims to synthesise existing evidence and identify the characteristics of effective parent-mediated intervention for parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders residing in rural areas. Systematic searches of CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest allied health and nursing database, Ebscohost Psych and Behavioural database and SocINDEX were conducted twice with the latest completed on 5 March 2024 using preidentified search terms. Citations will be imported into EndNote V.20.6 (Clarivate Analytics, Pennsylvania, USA) to organise and de-duplicate and then Covidence to complete screening and extraction. The articles will be screened and reviewed following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines for systematic reviews of Mixed methods. The JBI appraisal tools for systematic reviews will be used to assess the trustworthiness, relevance and results of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies. The scope of the literature analysed will include articles published between 2013 and 2024 in English. Literature was limited to the last 10 years to ensure the relevance of results as the intention is to report on current evidence. The start date of the study was March 2023 and the planned completion date is October 2024. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study will neither involve human nor animal subjects and does not require ethics approval. Results will be disseminated to relevant groups in peer-reviewed journal(s) and at relevant children and parent health conferences or rural conferences. The key outcomes will also be shared on social media to support access for non-research audiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Cullenward
- School of Allied Health, Exercise & Sport Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury/Port Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael Curtin
- School of Allied Health, Exercise & Sport Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury/Port Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vagner Dos Santos
- School of Allied Health, Exercise & Sport Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury/Port Macquarie, New South Wales, Australia
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Caselles-Pina L, Quesada-López A, Sújar A, Hernández EMG, Delgado-Gómez D. A systematic review on the application of machine learning models in psychometric questionnaires for the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:4115-4127. [PMID: 38378245 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide. Recent studies show that machine learning has great potential for the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The aim of the present article is to systematically review the scientific literature on machine learning studies for the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, focusing on psychometric questionnaire tools. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were adopted. The review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database. A search was conducted in three databases-Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus and Pubmed-with the aim of identifying studies that apply ML techniques to support the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. A total of 17 empirical studies were found that met the established inclusion criteria. The results showed that machine learning can be used to increase the accuracy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis. Machine learning techniques are useful and effective strategies that can complement traditional diagnostics in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Caselles-Pina
- Department of Statistics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Getafe, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Quesada-López
- Department of Statistics, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Getafe, Spain
- Departamento de Informática y Estadística, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Aaron Sújar
- Departamento de Informática y Estadística, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
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Coelho DRA, Renet C, López-Rodríguez S, Cassano P, Vieira WF. Transcranial photobiomodulation for neurodevelopmental disorders: a narrative review. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:1609-1623. [PMID: 39009808 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Down syndrome (DS) significantly impact social, communicative, and behavioral functioning. Transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) with near-infrared light is a promising non-invasive neurostimulation technique for neuropsychiatric disorders, including NDDs. This narrative review aimed to examine the preclinical and clinical evidence of photobiomodulation (PBM) in treating NDDs. METHODS A comprehensive search across six databases was conducted, using a combination of MeSH terms and title/abstract keywords: "photobiomodulation", "PBM", "neurodevelopmental disorders", "NDD", and others. Studies applying PBM to diagnosed NDD cases or animal models replicating NDDs were included. Protocols, reviews, studies published in languages other than English, and studies not evaluating clinical or cognitive outcomes were excluded. RESULTS Nine studies were identified, including one preclinical and eight clinical studies (five on ASD, two on ADHD, and one on DS). The reviewed studies encompassed various t-PBM parameters (wavelengths: 635-905 nm) and targeted primarily frontal cortex areas. t-PBM showed efficacy in improving disruptive behavior, social communication, cognitive rigidity, sleep quality, and attention in ASD; in enhancing attention in ADHD; and in improving motor skills and verbal fluency in DS. Minimal adverse effects were reported. Proposed mechanisms involve enhanced mitochondrial function, modulated oxidative stress, and reduced neuroinflammation. CONCLUSIONS t-PBM emerges as a promising intervention for NDDs, with potential therapeutic effects across ASD, ADHD, and DS. These findings underscore the need for further research, including larger-scale, randomized sham-controlled clinical trials with comprehensive biomarker analyses, to optimize treatment parameters and understand the underlying mechanisms associated with the effects of t-PBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Richer Araujo Coelho
- Division of Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Christian Renet
- Division of Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergi López-Rodríguez
- Division of Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Carlos III Health Institute, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paolo Cassano
- Division of Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Willians Fernando Vieira
- Division of Neuropsychiatry and Neuromodulation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Gigliotti F, Giovannone F, Belli A, Sogos C. Atypical Sensory Processing in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Clinical Phenotypes in Preschool-Aged Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:875. [PMID: 39062324 PMCID: PMC11276037 DOI: 10.3390/children11070875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory processing issues are frequent in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), with very variable prevalence rates ranging from 20% to 95%. This study aimed to investigate sensory processing in preschool-aged children with NDDs, to clarify the epidemiology, and to identify associated or correlated clinical and psychometric variables. METHODS A total of 141 NDD children (age range 2-5 years old) were included and enrolled in two subgroups: 72 with ASD and 69 with other NDDs. A standardized neuropsychological evaluation was assessed (Griffiths III/WPPSI-III/Leiter-R, ADOS-2) and the parents completed the CBCL ½-5, the SPM-P, and the ADI-R. RESULTS Atypical sensory processing was reported in 39.7% of the total sample, more frequently in ASD (44.4%) than in other NDDs (34.8%). No statistically significant differences were found regarding gender and developmental level. A positive correlation was found between sensory processing abnormalities and behavioral problems (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Compared to other NDDs, ASDs more frequently have atypical sensory processing and appear to present a specific vulnerability in the processing of proprioceptive and vestibular inputs. Our results suggest that sensory processing difficulties should be considered regardless of developmental level and in children with behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carla Sogos
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.G.); (F.G.); (A.B.)
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Salabura C, Sourty A, Bat-Pitault F, Regnery K, Mayen S, Colson S. [Pain assessment for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD): A systematic review]. L'ENCEPHALE 2024:S0013-7006(24)00116-7. [PMID: 38971646 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pain in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders remains underdiagnosed due to their inherent communication difficulties. The goal of this review is to identify the most suitable methods for assessing pain in this population and for evaluating the specific perceptions of, or behavioural reactions to, pain whilst considering disorder severity and specifiers (with or without accompanying intellectual impairment, with or without accompanying language impairment). METHOD A systematic review and analysis of the international literature was conducted. RESULTS Fourteen studies were selected. No difference was found in pain-related behaviours based on the age or gender of children or adolescents with autism. Three studies showed pain-related behaviours in autism spectrum disorders to be similar to control groups. Other studies showed specific behavioural responses in autism spectrum disorders with a longer physiological and behavioural recovery time associated with an episode of acute pain in this population. Similarly, the three studies that focused on sensory perceptions of pain all showed differences in the autism spectrum disorders population compared to control groups. In hospital or daily life contexts, studies essentially showed idiosyncratic expressions, hypervigilance, motor agitation, negative emotional reactions, or vocalizations. Regarding the association of autism severity with hyposensitivity to pain, the results remain unclear even when language disorders or intellectual disabilities are also present (in conjunction with autism). The Non-Communicative Children Pain Checklist and its translation into French and Italian showed good internal validity and was used by almost half of the studies in hetero-assessment, mostly by parents. Studies recommend the inclusion of parents in the assessment in order to optimise the evaluation process. Similarly, analysis of parent/child/caregiver interviews from the studies highlights the importance of personalizing pain assessment of children and adolescents, taking into account subject-specific characteristics, pathology, and context. CONCLUSION An integrative and personalized approach to pain assessment appears to be the most appropriate for enhancing the understanding and detection of pain in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. This approach aligns well with a care setting where a nominated professional with a good expertise in autism is responsible for pain assessment. Given the complexity of identifying pain in individuals with autism, further qualitative studies, in conjunction with new pain exploration technologies, are considered necessary as well as a more extensive categorization of the population studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Salabura
- Centre médico-psychologique infanto-juvénile, centre hospitalier Sainte-Marie, 07000 Privas, France; Groupement hospitalier les Portes de Provence, 26200 Montélimar, France.
| | - Arnaud Sourty
- Centre ressource autisme du centre hospitalier le Vinatier, 69678 Bron, France; Service de neurologie du Centre hospitalier universitaire Lyon-Sud, 69495 Oullins-Pierre-Bénite, France; Centre hospitalier Saint-Jean-de-Dieu, 69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Flora Bat-Pitault
- Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Marseille, 13009 Marseille, France; Équipe CANO-P, institut de neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille université, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Kirsty Regnery
- Centre médico-psychologique infanto-juvénile, centre hospitalier Sainte-Marie, 07000 Privas, France; Centre ressources autisme, 26000 Valence, France
| | - Sandrine Mayen
- Faculté des sciences médicales et paramédicales, Aix-Marseille université, 13385 Marseille, France; EA3279-CEReSs, centre hospitalier d'Aix-en-Provence, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Sébastien Colson
- Faculté des sciences médicales et paramédicales, Aix-Marseille université, 13385 Marseille, France; EA3279-CEReSs, centre hospitalier d'Aix-en-Provence, 13100 Aix-en-Provence, France
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Di Bella DJ, Domínguez-Iturza N, Brown JR, Arlotta P. Making Ramón y Cajal proud: Development of cell identity and diversity in the cerebral cortex. Neuron 2024; 112:2091-2111. [PMID: 38754415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Since the beautiful images of Santiago Ramón y Cajal provided a first glimpse into the immense diversity and complexity of cell types found in the cerebral cortex, neuroscience has been challenged and inspired to understand how these diverse cells are generated and how they interact with each other to orchestrate the development of this remarkable tissue. Some fundamental questions drive the field's quest to understand cortical development: what are the mechanistic principles that govern the emergence of neuronal diversity? How do extrinsic and intrinsic signals integrate with physical forces and activity to shape cell identity? How do the diverse populations of neurons and glia influence each other during development to guarantee proper integration and function? The advent of powerful new technologies to profile and perturb cortical development at unprecedented resolution and across a variety of modalities has offered a new opportunity to integrate past knowledge with brand new data. Here, we review some of this progress using cortical excitatory projection neurons as a system to draw out general principles of cell diversification and the role of cell-cell interactions during cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela J Di Bella
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Nuria Domínguez-Iturza
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Juliana R Brown
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Paola Arlotta
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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Tönis KJM, Drossaert CHC, Ten Klooster PM, Schaer M, Bourgeron T, Buitelaar JK, Sadaka Y, Freitag CM, Lapidus KM, Chiocchetti AG, Staal WG, Bohlmeijer ET. Effectiveness of a positive psychology and mindfulness-based app on mental health for parents of children with a neurodevelopmental disorder: study protocol of a pragmatic international randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:412. [PMID: 38926739 PMCID: PMC11210113 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08256-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parents of children with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) experience more stress than parents of typically developing children. In a cocreation process with experts and parents, a low-threshold application that uses exercises based on the principles of positive psychology and mindfulness was developed. This application, called "Adappt," aims at enhancing the ability to adapt of the parents and caregivers of children with NDDs and at supporting their mental health. This protocol describes the evaluation study of the effectiveness of Adappt, its core working mechanisms and user experiences. METHOD A pragmatic international multicenter randomized controlled trial will compare the effectiveness of Adappt with a (delayed) waitlist control condition. At least 212 parents or primary caregivers of children younger than 18 years diagnosed with or suspected of a NDD will be randomly assigned to the intervention or waitlist control condition. Participants are excluded if they have severe anxiety or depression levels or are in treatment for mental health issues. Measures will be collected online at baseline, post-intervention (1 month after baseline), and 4 and 7 months after baseline. The primary outcome is the improvement in generic sense of ability to adapt as measured with the Generic Sense of Ability to Adapt Scale (GSAAS; (Front Psychol 14:985408, 2023)) at 4-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes are mental well-being, (parental) distress, and client satisfaction with "Adappt." DISCUSSION Results of this study will contribute to knowledge on the effectiveness of a low-threshold application for parents of children with a NDD in multiple countries. If the application is found to be effective in improving mental health, recommendations will be made for implementation in health care. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06248762) on February 8, 2024, and the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/5znqv ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim J M Tönis
- Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, Section of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, 217 , Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Constance H C Drossaert
- Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, Section of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, 217 , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M Ten Klooster
- Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, Section of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, 217 , Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Schaer
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, IUF, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jan K Buitelaar
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yair Sadaka
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Pediatric Division, Soroka Medical Center of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Christine M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Keren Mayer Lapidus
- Negev Child Development Center of the Israel Ministry of Health, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Andreas G Chiocchetti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Wouter G Staal
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst T Bohlmeijer
- Faculty of Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, Section of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, 217 , Enschede, The Netherlands
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11
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Lau JSP. Rethinking neurodevelopmental care through caregiver skills training on a global scale: A compelling need. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:684-685. [PMID: 37814407 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
This commentary is on the systematic review by Reichow et al. on pages 713–724
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Siu-Ping Lau
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training Programme Regional Technical Focal Point, Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Usmani MA, Ghaffar A, Shahzad M, Akram J, Majeed AI, Malik K, Fatima K, Khan AA, Ahmed ZM, Riazuddin S, Riazuddin S. A Missense Variant in HACE1 Is Associated with Intellectual Disability, Epilepsy, Spasticity, and Psychomotor Impairment in a Pakistani Kindred. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:580. [PMID: 38790209 PMCID: PMC11121239 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID), which affects around 2% to 3% of the population, accounts for 0.63% of the overall prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). ID is characterized by limitations in a person's intellectual and adaptive functioning, and is caused by pathogenic variants in more than 1000 genes. Here, we report a rare missense variant (c.350T>C; p.(Leu117Ser)) in HACE1 segregating with NDD syndrome with clinical features including ID, epilepsy, spasticity, global developmental delay, and psychomotor impairment in two siblings of a consanguineous Pakistani kindred. HACE1 encodes a HECT domain and ankyrin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (HACE1), which is involved in protein ubiquitination, localization, and cell division. HACE1 is also predicted to interact with several proteins that have been previously implicated in the ID phenotype in humans. The p.(Leu117Ser) variant replaces an evolutionarily conserved residue of HACE1 and is predicted to be deleterious by various in silico algorithms. Previously, eleven protein truncating variants of HACE1 have been reported in individuals with NDD. However, to our knowledge, p.(Leu117Ser) is the second missense variant in HACE1 found in an individual with NDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A. Usmani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.A.U.); (A.G.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (J.A.); (S.R.)
- Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Amama Ghaffar
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.A.U.); (A.G.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54500, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Shahzad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (J.A.); (S.R.)
| | - Javed Akram
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (J.A.); (S.R.)
| | - Aisha I. Majeed
- Department of Radiology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Kausar Malik
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54500, Pakistan
| | - Khushbakht Fatima
- Department of Applied Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54500, Pakistan;
| | - Asma A. Khan
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54500, Pakistan
| | - Zubair M. Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.A.U.); (A.G.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Sheikh Riazuddin
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (M.S.); (J.A.); (S.R.)
- Jinnah Burn and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Allama Iqbal Medical College, University of Health Sciences, Lahore 54550, Pakistan
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (M.A.U.); (A.G.)
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54500, Pakistan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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13
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Postma A, Ketelaar M, van Nispen Tot Sevenaer J, Downs Z, van Rappard D, Jongmans M, Zinkstok J. Exploring individual parent-to-parent support interventions for parents caring for children with brain-based developmental disabilities: A scoping review. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13255. [PMID: 38587275 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-based developmental disabilities (BBDDs) comprise a large and heterogeneous group of disorders including autism, intellectual disability, cerebral palsy or genetic and neurodevelopmental disorders. Parents caring for a child with BBDD face multiple challenges that cause increased stress and high risk of mental health problems. Peer-based support by fellow parents for a various range of patient groups has shown potential to provide emotional, psychological and practical support. Here, we aim to explore existing literature on individual peer-to-peer support (iP2PS) interventions for parents caring for children with BBDD with a view to (1) explore the impact of iP2PS interventions on parents and (2) identify challenges and facilitators of iP2PS. METHOD An extensive literature search (January 2023) was performed, and a thematic analysis was conducted to synthesize findings. RESULTS Fourteen relevant articles revealed three major themes regarding the impact of iP2PS on parents: (1) emotional and psychological well-being, (2) quality of life and (3) practical issues. Four themes were identified describing challenges and facilitators of iP2PS: (1) benefits and burden of giving support, (2) matching parent-pairs, (3) logistic challenges and solutions and (4) training and supervision of parents providing peer support. CONCLUSIONS This review revealed that iP2PS has a positive impact on the emotional and psychological well-being of parents, as well as the overall quality of life for families caring for a child with a BBDD. Individual P2PS offers peer-parents an opportunity to support others who are facing challenges similar to those they have experienced themselves. However, many questions still need to be addressed regarding benefits of different iP2PS styles, methods of tailoring support to individual needs and necessity of training and supervision for peer support providers. Future research should focus on defining these components and evaluating benefits to establish effective iP2PS that can be provided as standard care practice for parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Postma
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy and Sports; Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- De Hoogstraat, Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Zahra Downs
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Diane van Rappard
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marian Jongmans
- Department of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Janneke Zinkstok
- Department of Psychiatry and Brain Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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14
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Zupo R, Castellana F, Boero G, Matera E, Colacicco G, Piscitelli P, Clodoveo ML, Rondanelli M, Panza F, Lozupone M, Sardone R. Processed foods and diet quality in pregnancy may affect child neurodevelopment disorders: a narrative review. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:361-381. [PMID: 37039128 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2197709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the evidence on the association between maternal exposure to ultra-processed food (UPF) categories, UPF diet items, and overall diet quality, as assessed by recognized dietary indices, and neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Ovid, and Scholar databases were searched for original articles on female gestational exposure to UPF categories, individual elements of the UPF diet, or indices of diet quality, in relation to outcomes regarding their offspring's neurocognitive development, according to neuropsychometric and behavioral scales, anthropometric/psychomotor indices, and symptoms/diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). RESULTS Fourteen articles were selected and underwent the quantitative analysis. Six of these examined diet quality, and eight exposure to UPF categories or specific UPF foods. The maternal population was adult (18+). Child cognitive development was negatively impacted by a diet featuring many processed foods, saturated fats, and sugars. Conversely, a Med-diet led to better neurodevelopment, particularly verbal intelligence and executive functions, in middle childhood. DISCUSSION A maternal diet with many UPFs, saturated fats, and total sugars (especially those added or hidden in packaged carbonated beverages) can adversely affect a child's cognitive development. Knowledge needs to be further extended and managed from a prevention perspective in light of the well-known negative effects of UPFs on human health in all age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Zupo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis," Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Boero
- Complex Structure of Neurology, SS Annunziata Hospital, Taranto, Italy
| | - Emilia Matera
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University "A. Moro," Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Colacicco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBrain), niversity "Aldo Moro," Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Department of Public Health, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBrain), niversity "Aldo Moro," Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBrain), niversity "Aldo Moro," Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Data Sciences and Technology Innovation for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis," Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
- Local Healthcare Authority of Taranto, Italy
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15
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Rokach M, Portioli C, Brahmachari S, Estevão BM, Decuzzi P, Barak B. Tackling myelin deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders using drug delivery systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115218. [PMID: 38403255 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Interest in myelin and its roles in almost all brain functions has been greatly increasing in recent years, leading to countless new studies on myelination, as a dominant process in the development of cognitive functions. Here, we explore the unique role myelin plays in the central nervous system and specifically discuss the results of altered myelination in neurodevelopmental disorders. We present parallel developmental trajectories involving myelination that correlate with the onset of cognitive impairment in neurodevelopmental disorders and discuss the key challenges in the treatment of these chronic disorders. Recent developments in drug repurposing and nano/micro particle-based therapies are reviewed as a possible pathway to circumvent some of the main hurdles associated with early intervention, including patient's adherence and compliance, side effects, relapse, and faster route to possible treatment of these disorders. The strategy of drug encapsulation overcomes drug solubility and metabolism, with the possibility of drug targeting to a specific compartment, reducing side effects upon systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Rokach
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - Corinne Portioli
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Sayanti Brahmachari
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Bianca Martins Estevão
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Boaz Barak
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Israel; Faculty of Social Sciences, The School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Israel.
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16
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Baizabal-Carvallo JF, Cavanna AE, Jankovic J. Tics emergencies and malignant tourette syndrome: Assessment and management. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105609. [PMID: 38447821 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by the presence of tics, frequently accompanied by a variety of neuropsychiatric comorbidities. A subset of patients with TS present with severe and disabling symptoms, requiring prompt therapeutic intervention. Some of these manifestations may result in medical emergencies when severe motor or phonic tics lead to damage of anatomical structures closely related to the tic. Examples include myelopathy or radiculopathy following severe neck ("whiplash") jerks or a variety of self-inflicted injuries. In addition to self-aggression or, less commonly, allo-aggression, some patients exhibit highly inappropriate behavior, suicidal tendencies, and rage attacks which increase the burden of the disease and are important components of "malignant TS". This subset of TS is frequently associated with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder. Therapeutic measures include intensive behavioral therapy, optimization of oral pharmacotherapy, botulinum toxin injections, and deep brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Sciences and Engineering, University of Guanajuato, León, Mexico.
| | - Andrea E Cavanna
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, BSMHFT and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology and University College London, London, United Kingdom; School of Health and Life Sciences, Aston Institute of Health and Neurodevelopment, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Joseph Jankovic
- Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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17
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Waldren LH, Leung FYN, Hargitai LD, Burgoyne AP, Liceralde VRT, Livingston LA, Shah P. Unpacking the overlap between Autism and ADHD in adults: A multi-method approach. Cortex 2024; 173:120-137. [PMID: 38387375 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The overlap between Autism and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is widely observed in clinical settings, with growing interest in their co-occurrence in neurodiversity research. Until relatively recently, however, concurrent diagnoses of Autism and ADHD were not possible. This has limited the scope for large-scale research on their cross-condition associations, further stymied by a dearth of open science practices in the neurodiversity field. Additionally, almost all previous research linking Autism and ADHD has focused on children and adolescents, despite them being lifelong conditions. Tackling these limitations in previous research, 5504 adults - including a nationally representative sample of the UK (Study 1; n = 504) and a large pre-registered study (Study 2; n = 5000) - completed well-established self-report measures of Autism and ADHD traits. A series of network analyses unpacked the associations between Autism and ADHD at the individual trait level. Low inter-item connectivity was consistently found between conditions, supporting the distinction between Autism and ADHD as separable constructs. Subjective social enjoyment and hyperactivity-impulsivity traits were most condition-specific to Autism and ADHD, respectively. Traits related to attention control showed the greatest Bridge Expected Influence across conditions, revealing a potential transdiagnostic process underlying the overlap between Autism and ADHD. To investigate this further at the cognitive level, participants completed a large, well-powered, and pre-registered study measuring the relative contributions of Autism and ADHD traits to attention control (Study 3; n = 500). We detected age- and sex-related effects, however, attention control did not account for the covariance between Autism and ADHD traits. We situate our findings and discuss future directions in the cognitive science of Autism, ADHD, and neurodiversity, noting how our open datasets may be used in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Van Rynald T Liceralde
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lucy A Livingston
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Punit Shah
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
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18
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Locubiche S, Ordóñez V, Abad E, Scotto di Mase M, Di Donato V, De Santis F. A Zebrafish-Based Platform for High-Throughput Epilepsy Modeling and Drug Screening in F0. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2991. [PMID: 38474238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish model has emerged as a reference tool for phenotypic drug screening. An increasing number of molecules have been brought from bench to bedside thanks to zebrafish-based assays over the last decade. The high homology between the zebrafish and the human genomes facilitates the generation of zebrafish lines carrying loss-of-function mutations in disease-relevant genes; nonetheless, even using this alternative model, the establishment of isogenic mutant lines requires a long generation time and an elevated number of animals. In this study, we developed a zebrafish-based high-throughput platform for the generation of F0 knock-out (KO) models and the screening of neuroactive compounds. We show that the simultaneous inactivation of a reporter gene (tyrosinase) and a second gene of interest allows the phenotypic selection of F0 somatic mutants (crispants) carrying the highest rates of mutations in both loci. As a proof of principle, we targeted genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and we efficiently generated de facto F0 mutants in seven genes involved in childhood epilepsy. We employed a high-throughput multiparametric behavioral analysis to characterize the response of these KO models to an epileptogenic stimulus, making it possible to employ kinematic parameters to identify seizure-like events. The combination of these co-injection, screening and phenotyping methods allowed us to generate crispants recapitulating epilepsy features and to test the efficacy of compounds already during the first days post fertilization. Since the strategy can be applied to a wide range of indications, this study paves the ground for high-throughput drug discovery and promotes the use of zebrafish in personalized medicine and neurotoxicity assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Locubiche
- ZeClinics S.L., Carrer de Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Ordóñez
- ZeClinics S.L., Carrer de Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Elena Abad
- ZeClinics S.L., Carrer de Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Spain
| | | | - Vincenzo Di Donato
- ZeClinics S.L., Carrer de Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Flavia De Santis
- ZeClinics S.L., Carrer de Laureà Miró, 408-410, 08980 Sant Feliu de Llobregat, Spain
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19
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Tahıllıoğlu A, Bilaç Ö, Erbaş S, Barankoğlu Sevin İ, Aydınlıoğlu HM, Ercan ES. The association between cognitive disengagement syndrome and specific learning disorder in children and adolescents with ADHD. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. CHILD 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38431852 DOI: 10.1080/21622965.2024.2323647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the associations between Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) and Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) in children and adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). We included sixty "ADHD-only" cases and eighty-two "ADHD + SLD" cases with an IQ score of 80 and above, aged 8-15. We applied both a structured psychiatric interview and a mental status examination. Parents completed the ADHD-Rating Scale IV, Barkley Child Attention Scale, and Specific Learning Disorder-Evaluation Scale. The sample consisted of 94 boys and 48 girls. The mean age of the cases was 10,90 ± 2,32. The "ADHD + SLD" group had a higher proportion of cases with CDS than the "ADHD-only" group (47,6% vs 15%). The "ADHD + SLD" group had significantly higher CDS-total, CDS-sluggish, and CDS-daydreaming scores than the "ADHD-only" group. SLD score was positively associated with CDS-total, CDS-sluggish, and CDS-daydreaming scores. Even when controlled for inattentive symptoms, IQ, drug treatment duration, socioeconomic level, and parental education level, CDS-daydreaming scores but not CDS-sluggish scores were associated with higher SLD scores. The findings indicate a prominent association between CDS and SLD. CDS symptoms -mainly- CDS-daydreaming symptoms are essentially associated with SLD even when controlled for inattentive symptoms, IQ, drug treatment duration, and relevant demographic factors. Therefore, clinicians should pay attention to a possible coexistence of CDS while evaluating cases with SLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akın Tahıllıoğlu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Private Outpatient Clinic, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Öznur Bilaç
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Seda Erbaş
- Department of Children Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - İlayda Barankoğlu Sevin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Trabzon Kanuni Education and Research Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | | | - Eyüp Sabri Ercan
- Department of Children Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
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20
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Louchet M, Tisseyre M, Kaguelidou F, Treluyer JM, Préta LH, Chouchana L. Drug-induced fetal and offspring disorders, beyond birth defects. Therapie 2024; 79:205-219. [PMID: 38008599 DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Studies on drug utilization in western countries disclosed that about nine over ten women use at least one or more drugs during pregnancy. Determining whether a drug is safe or not in pregnant women is a challenge of all times. As a developing organism, the fetus is particularly vulnerable to effects of drugs used by the mother. Historically, research has predominantly focused on birth defects, which represent the most studied adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, drugs can also alter the ongoing process of pregnancy and impede the general growth of the fetus. Finally, adverse drug reactions can theoretically damage all developing systems, organs or tissues, such as the central nervous system or the immune system. This extensive review focuses on different aspects of drug-induced damages affecting the fetus or the newborn/infant, beyond birth defects, which are not addressed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Louchet
- URP 7323 "Pharmacologie et évaluation des thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte", Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Fédération hospitalo-universitaire PREMA, hôpital Louis-Mourier, AP-HP Nord - Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Mylène Tisseyre
- URP 7323 "Pharmacologie et évaluation des thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte", Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France; Centre régional de pharmacovigilance, service de pharmacologie périnatale, pédiatrique et adulte, hôpitaux Cochin-Necker, AP-HP Centre - Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Florentia Kaguelidou
- URP 7323 "Pharmacologie et évaluation des thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte", Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France; Centre d'investigation clinique pédiatrique, Inserm CIC 1426, hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP Nord - Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marc Treluyer
- URP 7323 "Pharmacologie et évaluation des thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte", Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France; Centre régional de pharmacovigilance, service de pharmacologie périnatale, pédiatrique et adulte, hôpitaux Cochin-Necker, AP-HP Centre - Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Laure-Hélène Préta
- URP 7323 "Pharmacologie et évaluation des thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte", Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Chouchana
- URP 7323 "Pharmacologie et évaluation des thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte", Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France; Centre régional de pharmacovigilance, service de pharmacologie périnatale, pédiatrique et adulte, hôpitaux Cochin-Necker, AP-HP Centre - Université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France.
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21
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Liu C, Liang X, Sit CHP. Physical Activity and Mental Health in Children and Adolescents With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA Pediatr 2024; 178:247-257. [PMID: 38285440 PMCID: PMC10825789 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2023.6251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Importance Children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders experience mental health issues and are encouraged to be brought together in real-life treatment. However, physical activity, which is a promising method for boosting mental health, has only been examined in children and adolescents with certain types of neurodevelopmental disorders. Objective To examine the association of physical activity interventions with mental health (ie, cognitive function, psychological well-being, internalizing, and externalizing problems) in children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders and to identify possible moderators. Data Sources Studies were searched from inception to May 2023 through Web of Science, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ERIC. Study Selection Randomized clinical trials or nonrandomized designs applying physical activity interventions and reporting at least 1 mental health outcome in children and adolescents aged 5 to 17 years with neurodevelopmental disorders were included. Two independent reviewers selected and assessed the studies. Data Extraction and Synthesis Random multilevel meta-analysis using Hedges g was performed. Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment were conducted by multiple reviewers. Heterogeneity, publication bias, sensitivity analysis, and moderator analysis were examined to substantiate the results. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcomes were mental health related to cognitive function, psychological well-being, internalizing, or externalizing problems measured by neurocognitive tasks or subjective questionnaires. Results A total of 76 studies involving 3007 participants were included in systematic review, 59 of which were used for meta-analysis. The findings indicated that physical activity interventions were associated with significant benefits for overall mental health (g, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.50-0.85), cognitive function (g, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.53-0.95), psychological well-being (g, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.16-0.96), internalizing (g, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.34-1.10), and externalizing problems (g, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.28-0.89). Moderators were also identified: frequency, total sessions, and total duration for overall mental health; total sessions, and total duration for cognitive function; session duration and frequency for psychological well-being; physical activity type for internalizing problems; and session duration for externalizing problems. Moderator analyses showed that type of neurodevelopmental disorder did not modify the associations between physical activity and overall mental health or its subgroups. Conclusions and Relevance The findings in this study suggest that children and adolescents with different types of neurodevelopmental disorders may be grouped together when performing physical activity interventions, which were confirmed to be beneficial to overall mental health and its subgroups in this new diagnostic population, but that physical activity interventions should be tailored when targeting different mental health domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cindy H. P. Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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22
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Noyek S, Jessa JS, Faulkner V, Boerner KE, Dewan T, Doyle D, Genik L, Grainger-Schatz S, McMorris C, McMurtry CM, Nania CG, Oberlander T, Lorenzetti D, Turner K, Birnie KA. A systematic review of self and observer assessment of pain and related functioning in youth with brain-based developmental disabilities. Pain 2024; 165:523-536. [PMID: 37870234 PMCID: PMC10859851 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pain experiences of youth with brain-based developmental disabilities are often overlooked and/or misinterpreted, increasing the risk for poor or inadequate pain assessment and management. Ample measures exist to assess acute and chronic pain, yet their utility and frequency of use in youth with brain-based developmental disabilities is unclear and available measures do not have strong measurement properties for this diverse group. This systematic review identified the scope of self-reported and observer-reported pain assessment in studies of youth (aged 3-24 years) with brain-based developmental disabilities (phase 1) and summarized other measures of pain-related functioning for acute and chronic pain (ie, physical, emotional, social, sleep, and quality of life, within the subset of quantitative studies focused primarily on pain, phase 2). A comprehensive search for English-language studies was conducted in August 2022 in Web of Science, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, and APA PsychINFO (PROSPERO registration: CRD42021237444). A total of 17,029 unique records were screened. Of the 707 articles included in phase 1, most assessed chronic pain (n = 314; 62.0%) and primarily used observer-report (n = 155; 31%) over self-report (n = 67; 13%). Of the 137 articles included in phase 2, other outcomes assessed alongside pain intensity included motor ability (16.8%), adaptive functioning (11%), quality of life (8%), pain interference (6.6%), mental health (5.8%), and communication ability (2.9%). Cerebral palsy was the most common population in both phase 1 (n = 343; 48.5%) and phase 2 (n = 83; 59.7%). This review provides a foundational understanding of pain assessment in brain-based developmental disabilities and highlights continued inequities in holistic pain assessment for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Noyek
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jenna S. Jessa
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Violeta Faulkner
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Tammie Dewan
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dacey Doyle
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, AB, Canada
| | - Lara Genik
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Stacy Grainger-Schatz
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, AB, Canada
| | - Carly McMorris
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Cara G. Nania
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tim Oberlander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Diane Lorenzetti
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kailyn Turner
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kathryn A. Birnie
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, AB, Canada
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23
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Mahjoob M, Paul T, Carbone J, Bokadia H, Cardy RE, Kassam S, Anagnostou E, Andrade BF, Penner M, Kushki A. Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Neurodivergent Children: A Systematic Review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2024; 27:91-129. [PMID: 38070100 PMCID: PMC10920445 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-023-00462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) is a multi-faceted construct influenced by a myriad of environmental, demographic, and individual characteristics. Our understanding of these influencers remains highly limited in neurodevelopmental conditions. Existing research in this area is sparse, highly siloed by diagnosis labels, and focused on symptoms. This review synthesized the evidence in this area using a multi-dimensional model of HRQoL and trans-diagnostically across neurodevelopmental conditions. The systematic review, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Checklist, was completed in June 2023 using Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library. Our search revealed 78 studies that examined predictors of HRQoL in neurodevelopmental conditions. The majority of these studies focused on autism and ADHD with a paucity of literature in other conditions. Cross-diagnosis investigations were limited despite the fact that many of the examined predictors transcend diagnostic boundaries. Significant gaps were revealed in domains of biology/physiology, functioning, health perceptions, and environmental factors. Very preliminary evidence suggested potentially shared predictors of HRQoL across conditions including positive associations between HRQoL and adaptive functioning, male sex/gender, positive self-perception, physical activity, resources, and positive family context, and negative associations with diagnostic features and mental health symptoms. Studies of transdiagnostic predictors across neurodevelopmental conditions are critically needed to enable care models that address shared needs of neurodivergent individuals beyond diagnostic boundaries. Further understanding of HRQoL from the perspective of neurodivergent communities is a critical area of future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahjoob
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Tithi Paul
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Julia Carbone
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Harshit Bokadia
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Robyn E Cardy
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Souraiya Kassam
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Brendan F Andrade
- Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child Youth and Family Mental Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melanie Penner
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada
| | - Azadeh Kushki
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, 150 Kilgour Road, Toronto, ON, M4G 1R8, Canada.
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24
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Ait Belkacem N, Gorgui J, Tchuente V, Aubin D, Lippé S, Bérard A. Maternal Mental Health in Pregnancy and Its Impact on Children's Cognitive Development at 18 Months, during the COVID-19 Pandemic (CONCEPTION Study). J Clin Med 2024; 13:1055. [PMID: 38398369 PMCID: PMC10889100 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the mental health of pregnant persons. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the impact of maternal mental health and antidepressant use on children's cognitive development. METHODS We followed a cohort of children born during the COVID-19 pandemic. Maternal mental health was self-reported during pregnancy (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, General Anxiety Disorder-7, stress levels, and antidepressant use). The child's cognitive development was measured using the third edition of the Ages & Stages Questionnaires® (ASQ-3) at 18 months. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were built to assess the association between in utero exposure to maternal mental health and ASQ-3 domains: communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social. RESULTS Overall, 472 children were included in our analyses. After adjusting for potential confounders, a need for further assessment in communication (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 12.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.60;92.4)), and for improvement in gross motricity (aOR 6.33, 95%CI (2.06;19.4)) were associated with in utero anxiety. The need for improvement in fine motricity (aOR 4.11, 95%CI (1.00; 16.90)) was associated with antidepressant exposure. In utero depression was associated with a decrease in the need for improvement in problem solving (aOR 0.48, 95%CI (0.24; 0.98)). CONCLUSIONS During the COVID-19 pandemic, maternal mental health appears to be associated with some aspects of children's cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narimene Ait Belkacem
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (N.A.B.); (J.G.)
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (V.T.); (D.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Jessica Gorgui
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (N.A.B.); (J.G.)
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (V.T.); (D.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Vanina Tchuente
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (V.T.); (D.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Delphine Aubin
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (V.T.); (D.A.); (S.L.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Sarah Lippé
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (V.T.); (D.A.); (S.L.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Anick Bérard
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (N.A.B.); (J.G.)
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; (V.T.); (D.A.); (S.L.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, 69003 Lyon, France
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25
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Elliott SD, Vickers ML, McKeon G, Eriksson L, Malacova E, Scott JG. Iron Supplementation in Management of Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Qualitative Synthesis. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 36:178-186. [PMID: 38343311 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20230081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors sought to explore the role of iron supplementation in the management of neurodevelopmental disorders among children and youths. METHODS A systematic review in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines was undertaken. A subset of results was suitable for meta-analysis. The quality of the evidence and strength of the clinical recommendations were assessed by using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method, and critical appraisal was conducted with the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. RESULTS Nine articles met inclusion criteria. These articles included studies of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (N=7), autism spectrum disorder (N=1), and Tourette's syndrome (N=1). Three randomized controlled trials evaluating iron supplementation for ADHD hyperactivity symptom severity (124 participants: placebo, N=56; supplement, N=68) met inclusion criteria for a meta-analysis. Effect sizes for the placebo and supplement groups were moderate (Cohen's d=0.76) and large (Cohen's d=1.70), respectively, although these differences were not significant. The impact of iron supplementation on inattentive ADHD symptom severity was examined in two trials (75 participants: placebo, N=31; supplement, N=44). Large, nonsignificant effect sizes were demonstrated for the placebo (Cohen's d=1.66) and supplementation (Cohen's d=3.19) groups. The quality of the evidence and strength of the clinical recommendations were considered very low. CONCLUSIONS Further research is needed to examine the role of iron supplementation in the management of ADHD and neurodevelopmental disorders more generally. Additionally, iron supplementation comes with risks, including death in the case of overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Elliott
- Metro North Mental Health Service, Herston, Australia (Elliott, Vickers); Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Elliott); Faculty of Medicine (Vickers), Child Health Research Center (McKeon, Scott), and Herston Health Sciences Library (Eriksson), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia (Vickers); West Moreton Health Psychology, Park Center for Mental Health, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon); Child and Youth Mental Health Group, Queensland Center for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon, Scott); Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Malacova, Scott); Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia (Scott)
| | - Mark L Vickers
- Metro North Mental Health Service, Herston, Australia (Elliott, Vickers); Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Elliott); Faculty of Medicine (Vickers), Child Health Research Center (McKeon, Scott), and Herston Health Sciences Library (Eriksson), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia (Vickers); West Moreton Health Psychology, Park Center for Mental Health, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon); Child and Youth Mental Health Group, Queensland Center for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon, Scott); Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Malacova, Scott); Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia (Scott)
| | - Gemma McKeon
- Metro North Mental Health Service, Herston, Australia (Elliott, Vickers); Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Elliott); Faculty of Medicine (Vickers), Child Health Research Center (McKeon, Scott), and Herston Health Sciences Library (Eriksson), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia (Vickers); West Moreton Health Psychology, Park Center for Mental Health, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon); Child and Youth Mental Health Group, Queensland Center for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon, Scott); Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Malacova, Scott); Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia (Scott)
| | - Lars Eriksson
- Metro North Mental Health Service, Herston, Australia (Elliott, Vickers); Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Elliott); Faculty of Medicine (Vickers), Child Health Research Center (McKeon, Scott), and Herston Health Sciences Library (Eriksson), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia (Vickers); West Moreton Health Psychology, Park Center for Mental Health, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon); Child and Youth Mental Health Group, Queensland Center for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon, Scott); Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Malacova, Scott); Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia (Scott)
| | - Eva Malacova
- Metro North Mental Health Service, Herston, Australia (Elliott, Vickers); Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Elliott); Faculty of Medicine (Vickers), Child Health Research Center (McKeon, Scott), and Herston Health Sciences Library (Eriksson), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia (Vickers); West Moreton Health Psychology, Park Center for Mental Health, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon); Child and Youth Mental Health Group, Queensland Center for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon, Scott); Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Malacova, Scott); Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia (Scott)
| | - James G Scott
- Metro North Mental Health Service, Herston, Australia (Elliott, Vickers); Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom (Elliott); Faculty of Medicine (Vickers), Child Health Research Center (McKeon, Scott), and Herston Health Sciences Library (Eriksson), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia (Vickers); West Moreton Health Psychology, Park Center for Mental Health, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon); Child and Youth Mental Health Group, Queensland Center for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia (McKeon, Scott); Queensland Institute of Medical Research Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia (Malacova, Scott); Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia (Scott)
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26
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Goikolea-Vives A, Fernandes C, Thomas MSC, Thornton C, Stolp HB. Sex-specific behavioural deficits in adulthood following acute activation of the GABAA receptor in the neonatal mouse. Dev Neurosci 2024:000536641. [PMID: 38325353 DOI: 10.1159/000536641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sex differences exist in the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Part of the aetiology of NDDs has been proposed to be alterations in the balance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission, leading to the question of whether males and females respond differently to altered neurotransmitter balance. We investigated whether pharmacological alteration of GABAA signalling in early development results in sex-dependent changes in adult behaviours associated with NDDs. METHODS Male and female C57BL/6J mice received intraperitoneal injections of 0.5mg/kg muscimol or saline on postnatal days (P) 3-5 and were subjected to behavioural testing, specifically open field, light dark box, marble burying, sucralose preference, social interaction and olfactory habituation/dishabituation tests between P60-90. RESULTS Early postnatal administration of muscimol resulted in reduced anxiety in the light dark box test in both male and female adult mice. Muscimol reduced sucralose preference in males, but not females, whereas female mice showed reduced social behaviours. Regional alterations in cortical thickness were observed in the weeks following GABAA receptor activation, pointing to an evolving structural difference in the brain underlying adult behaviour. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that activation of the GABAA receptor in the first week of life resulted in long-lasting changes in a range of behaviours in adulthood following altered neurodevelopment. Sex of the individual affected the nature and severity of these abnormalities, explaining part of the varied pathophysiology and neurodevelopmental diagnosis that derive from excitatory/inhibitory imbalance.
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27
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Nart L, Desikan M, Pietrusz A, Savvatis K, Quinlivan R. Neurodiversity, treatment compliance and survival in adults with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a single-centre retrospective cohort review. Neuromuscul Disord 2024; 35:13-18. [PMID: 38194731 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common muscular dystrophy worldwide. With increasing survival, there is now a greater awareness of associated neurodevelopmental co-morbidities. Despite this, there is currently a limited understanding of how these co-morbidities might potentially impact on health outcomes. This study reviewed the characteristics of 37 adults with DMD who died between 2011 and 2022. The median age of death was 22.25 years, and those with neurodevelopmental co-morbidities had statistically poorer survival than those without a neurodevelopmental disorder. Notably, the proportion of patients within this cohort with a diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder was higher than previously reported studies in living cohorts. This study suggests that patients with a co-morbid neurodevelopmental disorder may have worse health outcomes than those who do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Nart
- Neuromuscular Complex Care Centre, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Mahalekshmi Desikan
- Neuromuscular Complex Care Centre, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Pietrusz
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Savvatis
- Neuromuscular Complex Care Centre, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom; Barts Heart Centre, Saint Bartholomew's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ros Quinlivan
- Neuromuscular Complex Care Centre, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
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Huang M, Wang J, Liu W, Zhou H. Advances in the role of the GADD45 family in neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1349409. [PMID: 38332860 PMCID: PMC10850240 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1349409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The growth arrest and DNA damage inducible protein 45 (GADD45) family comprises stress-induced nuclear proteins that interact with DNA demethylases to facilitate DNA demethylation, thereby regulating diverse cellular processes including oxidative stress, DNA damage repair, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, and neuroplasticity by modulating the expression patterns of specific genes. Widely expressed in the central nervous system, the GADD45 family plays a pivotal role in various neurological disorders, rendering it a potential therapeutic target for central nervous system diseases. This review presented a comprehensive overview of the expression patterns and potential mechanisms of action associated with each member of GADD45 family (GADD45α, GADD45β, and GADD45γ) in neurodevelopmental, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders, while also explored strategies to harness these mechanisms for intervention and treatment. Future research should prioritize the development of effective modulators targeting the GADD45 family for clinical trials aimed at treating central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongyan Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
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29
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Ni C, Yu L, Vona B, Park D, Wei Y, Schmitz DA, Wei Y, Ding Y, Sakurai M, Ballard E, Liu Y, Kumar A, Xing C, Kim HG, Ekmekci C, Karimiani EG, Imannezhad S, Eghbal F, Badv RS, Schwaibold EMC, Dehghani M, Mehrjardi MYV, Metanat Z, Eslamiyeh H, Khouj E, Alhajj SMN, Chedrawi A, Alves CAPF, Houlden H, Kruer M, Alkuraya FS, Cenik C, Maroofian R, Wu J, Buszczak M. An inappropriate decline in ribosome levels drives a diverse set of neurodevelopmental disorders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.09.574708. [PMID: 38260472 PMCID: PMC10802443 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.09.574708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Many neurodevelopmental defects are linked to perturbations in genes involved in housekeeping functions, such as those encoding ribosome biogenesis factors. However, how reductions in ribosome biogenesis can result in tissue and developmental specific defects remains a mystery. Here we describe new allelic variants in the ribosome biogenesis factor AIRIM primarily associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Using human cerebral organoids in combination with proteomic analysis, single-cell transcriptome analysis across multiple developmental stages, and single organoid translatome analysis, we identify a previously unappreciated mechanism linking changes in ribosome levels and the timing of cell fate specification during early brain development. We find ribosome levels decrease during neuroepithelial differentiation, making differentiating cells particularly vulnerable to perturbations in ribosome biogenesis during this time. Reduced ribosome availability more profoundly impacts the translation of specific transcripts, disrupting both survival and cell fate commitment of transitioning neuroepithelia. Enhancing mTOR activity by both genetic and pharmacologic approaches ameliorates the growth and developmental defects associated with intellectual disability linked variants, identifying potential treatment options for specific brain ribosomopathies. This work reveals the cellular and molecular origins of protein synthesis defect-related disorders of human brain development. Highlights AIRIM variants reduce ribosome levels specifically in neural progenitor cells. Inappropriately low ribosome levels cause a transient delay in radial glia fate commitment.Reduced ribosome levels impair translation of a selected subset of mRNAs.Genetic and pharmacologic activation of mTORC1 suppresses AIRIM-linked phenotypes.
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Tractenberg SG, Reinhard SM, Sathyanesan A. Editorial: Neurodevelopment: parental influences, in utero exposures, and genetics. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1331453. [PMID: 38249590 PMCID: PMC10797071 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1331453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Marie Reinhard
- Department of Psychology, Human Arts and Social Sciences, Cabrillo College, Aptos, CA, United States
| | - Aaron Sathyanesan
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Science, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
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31
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Idei H, Yamashita Y. Elucidating multifinal and equifinal pathways to developmental disorders by constructing real-world neurorobotic models. Neural Netw 2024; 169:57-74. [PMID: 37857173 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Vigorous research has been conducted to accumulate biological and theoretical knowledge about neurodevelopmental disorders, including molecular, neural, computational, and behavioral characteristics; however, these findings remain fragmentary and do not elucidate integrated mechanisms. An obstacle is the heterogeneity of developmental pathways causing clinical phenotypes. Additionally, in symptom formations, the primary causes and consequences of developmental learning processes are often indistinguishable. Herein, we review developmental neurorobotic experiments tackling problems related to the dynamic and complex properties of neurodevelopmental disorders. Specifically, we focus on neurorobotic models under predictive processing lens for the study of developmental disorders. By constructing neurorobotic models with predictive processing mechanisms of learning, perception, and action, we can simulate formations of integrated causal relationships among neurodynamical, computational, and behavioral characteristics in the robot agents while considering developmental learning processes. This framework has the potential to bind neurobiological hypotheses (excitation-inhibition imbalance and functional disconnection), computational accounts (unusual encoding of uncertainty), and clinical symptoms. Developmental neurorobotic approaches may serve as a complementary research framework for integrating fragmented knowledge and overcoming the heterogeneity of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Idei
- Department of Information Medicine, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamashita
- Department of Information Medicine, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan.
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Drydale E, Rath P, Holden K, Holt G, Havins L, Johnson T, Bancroft J, Handunnetthi L. Stem-cell derived neurosphere assay highlights the effects of viral infection on human cortical development. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:718-726. [PMID: 37995835 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant cortical development is a key feature of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Both genetic and environmental risk factors are thought to contribute to defects in cortical development; however, model systems that can capture the dynamic process of human cortical development are not well established. To address this challenge, we combined recent progress in induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation with advanced live cell imaging techniques to establish a novel three-dimensional neurosphere assay, amenable to genetic and environmental modifications, to investigate key aspects of human cortical development in real-time. For the first time, we demonstrate the ability to visualise and quantify radial glial extension and neural migration through live cell imaging. To show proof-of-concept, we used our neurosphere assay to study the effect of a simulated viral infection, a well-established environmental risk factor in neurodevelopmental disorders, on cortical development. This was achieved by exposing neurospheres to the viral mimic, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid. The results showed significant reductions in radial glia growth and neural migration in three independent differentiations. Further, fixed imaging highlighted reductions in the HOPX-expressing outer radial glia scaffolding and a consequent decrease in the migration of CTIP2-expressing cortical cells. Overall, our results provide new insight into how infections may exert deleterious effects on the developing human cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Drydale
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Phalguni Rath
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Holden
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Holt
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Laurissa Havins
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Johnson
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - James Bancroft
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Lahiru Handunnetthi
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Level 6, West Wing, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom.
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Cubello J, Marvin E, Conrad K, Merrill AK, George JV, Welle K, Jackson BP, Chalupa D, Oberdörster G, Sobolewski M, Cory-Slechta DA. The contributions of neonatal inhalation of copper to air pollution-induced neurodevelopmental outcomes in mice. Neurotoxicology 2024; 100:55-71. [PMID: 38081392 PMCID: PMC10842733 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to ambient ultrafine particle (UFP) air pollution (AP) during the early postnatal period in mice (equivalent to human third trimester brain development) produce male-biased changes in brain structure, including ventriculomegaly, reduced brain myelination, alterations in neurotransmitters and glial activation, as well as impulsive-like behavioral characteristics, all of which are also features characteristic of male-biased neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). The purpose of this study was to ascertain the extent to which inhaled Cu, a common contaminant of AP that is also dysregulated across multiple NDDs, might contribute to these phenotypes. For this purpose, C57BL/6J mice were exposed from postnatal days 4-7 and 10-13 for 4 hr/day to inhaled copper oxide (CuxOy) nanoparticles at an environmentally relevant concentration averaging 171.9 ng/m3. Changes in brain metal homeostasis and neurotransmitter levels were determined following termination of exposure (postnatal day 14), while behavioral changes were assessed in adulthood. CuxOy inhalation modified cortical metal homeostasis and produced male-biased disruption of striatal neurotransmitters, with marked increases in dopaminergic function, as well as excitatory/inhibitory imbalance and reductions in serotonergic function. Impulsive-like behaviors in a fixed ratio (FR) waiting-for-reward schedule and a fixed interval (FI) schedule of food reward occurred in both sexes, but more prominently in males, effects which could not be attributed to altered locomotor activity or short-term memory. Inhaled Cu as from AP exposures, at environmentally relevant levels experienced during development, may contribute to impaired brain function, as shown by its ability to disrupt brain metal homeostasis and striatal neurotransmission. In addition, its ability to evoke impulsive-like behavior, particularly in male offspring, may be related to striatal dopaminergic dysfunction that is known to mediate such behaviors. As such, regulation of air Cu levels may be protective of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Cubello
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Elena Marvin
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Katherine Conrad
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Alyssa K Merrill
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Jithin V George
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Kevin Welle
- Proteomics Core, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - David Chalupa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Günter Oberdörster
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Marissa Sobolewski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Deborah A Cory-Slechta
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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Cordier R, Parsons L, Wilkes-Gillan S, Cook M, McCloskey-Martinez M, Graham P, Littlefair D, Kent C, Speyer R. Friendship interventions for children with neurodevelopmental needs: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295917. [PMID: 38096327 PMCID: PMC10721178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, developmental language disorder (DLD), intellectual disability (ID), and social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SPCD) experience difficulties with social functioning due to differences in their social, emotional and cognitive skills. Previous systematic reviews have focussed on specific aspects of social functioning rather than broader peer functioning and friendships. OBJECTIVE To systematically review and methodologically appraise the quality and effectiveness of existing intervention studies that measured friendship outcomes for children with ADHD, autism, DLD, ID, and SPCD. METHOD Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched five electronic databases: CINAHL, Embase, Eric, PsycINFO, and PubMed. Two independent researchers screened all abstracts and disagreements were discussed with a third researcher to reach consensus. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomised Trials. RESULTS Twelve studies involving 15 interventions were included. Studies included 683 children with a neurodevelopmental disorder and 190 typically-developing children and diagnosed with either autism or ADHD. Within-group meta-analysis showed that the pooled intervention effects for friendship across all interventions were small to moderate (z = 2.761, p = 0.006, g = 0.485). The pooled intervention effect between intervention and comparison groups was not significant (z = 1.206, p = 0.400, g = 0.215). CONCLUSION Findings provide evidence that some individual interventions are effective in improving social functioning and fostering more meaningful friendships between children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their peers. Effective interventions involved educators, targeted child characteristics known to moderate peer functioning, actively involved peers, and incorporated techniques to facilitate positive peer perceptions and strategies to support peers. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of friendship interventions for children with DLD, ID and SPCD, more comprehensively assess peer functioning, include child self-report measures of friendship, and longitudinally evaluate downstream effects on friendship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinie Cordier
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lauren Parsons
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Sarah Wilkes-Gillan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew Cook
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew McCloskey-Martinez
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Graham
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - David Littlefair
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Cally Kent
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Renée Speyer
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Department Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Fan G, Ma J, Ma R, Suo M, Chen Y, Zhang S, Zeng Y, Chen Y. Microglia Modulate Neurodevelopment in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17297. [PMID: 38139124 PMCID: PMC10743577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) include various neurological disorders with high genetic heterogeneity, characterized by delayed or impaired cognition, communication, adaptive behavior, and psychomotor skills. These disorders result in significant morbidity for children, thus burdening families and healthcare/educational systems. However, there is a lack of early diagnosis and effective therapies. Therefore, a more connected approach is required to explore these disorders. Microglia, the primary phagocytic cells within the central nervous system, are crucial in regulating neuronal viability, influencing synaptic dynamics, and determining neurodevelopmental outcomes. Although the neurobiological basis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SZ) has attracted attention in recent decades, the role of microglia in ASD and SZ remains unclear and requires further discussion. In this review, the important and frequently multifaceted roles that microglia play during neurodevelopment are meticulously emphasized and potential microglial mechanisms that might be involved in conditions such as ASD and SZ are postulated. It is of utmost importance to acquire a comprehensive understanding of the complexities of the interplay between microglia and neurons to design effective, targeted therapeutic strategies to mitigate the effects of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Zeng
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yushan Chen
- Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
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Millevert C, Vidas-Guscic N, Vanherp L, Jonckers E, Verhoye M, Staelens S, Bertoglio D, Weckhuysen S. Resting-State Functional MRI and PET Imaging as Noninvasive Tools to Study (Ab)Normal Neurodevelopment in Humans and Rodents. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8275-8293. [PMID: 38073598 PMCID: PMC10711730 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1043-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a group of complex neurologic and psychiatric disorders. Functional and molecular imaging techniques, such as resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), can be used to measure network activity noninvasively and longitudinally during maturation in both humans and rodent models. Here, we review the current knowledge on rs-fMRI and PET biomarkers in the study of normal and abnormal neurodevelopment, including intellectual disability (ID; with/without epilepsy), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in humans and rodent models from birth until adulthood, and evaluate the cross-species translational value of the imaging biomarkers. To date, only a few isolated studies have used rs-fMRI or PET to study (abnormal) neurodevelopment in rodents during infancy, the critical period of neurodevelopment. Further work to explore the feasibility of performing functional imaging studies in infant rodent models is essential, as rs-fMRI and PET imaging in transgenic rodent models of NDDs are powerful techniques for studying disease pathogenesis, developing noninvasive preclinical imaging biomarkers of neurodevelopmental dysfunction, and evaluating treatment-response in disease-specific models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charissa Millevert
- Applied & Translational Neurogenomics Group, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnology (VIB) Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Nicholas Vidas-Guscic
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Vanherp
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Elisabeth Jonckers
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Marleen Verhoye
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Steven Staelens
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp (MICA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Daniele Bertoglio
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- Molecular Imaging Center Antwerp (MICA), University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Applied & Translational Neurogenomics Group, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnology (VIB) Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2610, Belgium
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Maciver D, Rutherford M, Johnston L, Roy AS. Prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences and autism in Scottish primary schools 2018-2022. Autism Res 2023; 16:2403-2414. [PMID: 38009513 DOI: 10.1002/aur.3063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the prevalence of neurodevelopmental needs among children in primary schools in Scotland. Two groups were identified: autistic learners and a larger group of learners who had neurodevelopmental differences. These differences encompassed any need for additional support in various domains, including communication, interaction, emotional regulation, coordination, movement, and cognition. A two-phase process was employed, drawing on data from a cross-sectional study followed by a secondary analysis of a population census. In the first phase, a random sample of 688 children with additional support needs from 22 schools participated. Demographics, support characteristics, and neurodevelopmental needs were identified. Results revealed that 76.89% of children with additional support needs exhibited a need type consistent with a neurodevelopmental difference. In the second phase, data from the Scottish Government Annual Pupil Census, covering all state-provided primary school children between 2018 and 2022, were analyzed. Modeling was conducted using data from the first phase to estimate prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences. Data on autism were directly extracted from the census. Analysis revealed an increase in the prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences and autism. The prevalence of autism rose by 31.98%, with 2.60% of primary school children identified as autistic in 2022. Similarly, the prevalence of neurodevelopmental differences increased by 10.57%, with 16.22% of primary school children exhibiting such differences in 2022. Across 32 localities, regional variations in prevalence were observed. These findings show the substantial number of neurodivergent children within Scottish primary schools and emphasize the need for a neurodevelopmentally informed approach to inclusive education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Maciver
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Marion Rutherford
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Lorna Johnston
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
| | - Anusua Singh Roy
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, Scotland
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Armstrong-Gallegos S, Van Herwegen J, Ipinza VF. Neuromyths about neurodevelopmental disorders in Chilean teachers. Trends Neurosci Educ 2023; 33:100218. [PMID: 38049290 DOI: 10.1016/j.tine.2023.100218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Misconceptions about how the brain works (neuromyths) are shown to be common among educators, but little is known about neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) neuromyths. Here, we explored the prevalence of both general and neurodevelopmental disorders neuromyths in Chilean teachers and other educational professionals. One hundred forty-four participants answered an online neuroscience knowledge, interest, and training questionnaire. Regression analysis showed that both teachers and non-teachers endorsed more neuromyths related to NDDs compared to general neuromyths and that familiarity with the NDDs but not necessarily neuroscience training or interest plays an important role in the endorsement of these neuromyths. The findings indicate that dyscalculia is the least known neurodevelopmental disorder. Although inclusion politics demand training for all educational actors, the current findings suggest effective translational efforts between neuroscience and education fields should continue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jo Van Herwegen
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, UCL Institute of Education, London, UK
| | - Vania Figueroa Ipinza
- Centro de Transversalización de Género en I+D+i+e, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile
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Caci H. Prevalence rate of ADHD in France: Review of the literature and results from ChiP-ARD study. L'ENCEPHALE 2023; 49:624-631. [PMID: 37612161 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2023.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a frequent neurodevelopmental disorder whose first clinical description was published more than two centuries ago. Prevalence rates have been evaluated in many countries and meta-analyses conducted, but the data collected in France are scarce. METHODS A review of the literature was conducted by retrieving the references from four electronic databases leading to the selection of four studies in children and four in adults. Meta-analyses of prevalence rates were performed on this published data as well as unpublished results from the ChiP-ARD study (Children and Parents with ADHD and Related Disorders), separately for children and adults. RESULTS While the quality of most studies is questionable, the prevalence rates are close to those reported in international meta-analytic studies for children (3.68%), but are higher in adults (5.5%). CONCLUSIONS Well-conducted studies in both general and special populations are needed (e.g., in patients with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, developmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder, behavioural or substance abuse, and incarcerated). Nevertheless, healthcare stakeholders can conservatively consider that .8 million children and 1.4 million adults in the metropolitan French general population are likely to have ADHD and suffer from its multiple consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hervé Caci
- Hôpitaux Pédiatrique de Nice, CHU Lenval, 57, avenue de la Californie, 06200 Nice, France; Centre de recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations. Psychiatrie du Développement et Trajectoires (CESP), U1018 INSERM, Université Paris Saclay et Université de Versailles, Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France.
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Garofalo M, Vansenne F, Sival DA, Verbeek DS. Pathogenetic Insights into Developmental Coordination Disorder Reveal Substantial Overlap with Movement Disorders. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1625. [PMID: 38137073 PMCID: PMC10741651 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13121625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by non-progressive central motor impairments. Mild movement disorder features have been observed in DCD. Until now, the etiology of DCD has been unclear. Recent studies suggested a genetic substrate in some patients with DCD, but comprehensive knowledge about associated genes and underlying pathogenetic mechanisms is still lacking. In this study, we first identified genes described in the literature in patients with a diagnosis of DCD according to the official diagnostic criteria. Second, we exposed the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of DCD, by investigating tissue- and temporal gene expression patterns and brain-specific biological mechanisms. Third, we explored putative shared pathogenetic mechanisms between DCD and frequent movement disorders with a known genetic component, including ataxia, chorea, dystonia, and myoclonus. We identified 12 genes associated with DCD in the literature, which are ubiquitously expressed in the central nervous system throughout brain development. These genes are involved in cellular processes, neural signaling, and nervous system development. There was a remarkable overlap (62%) in pathogenetic mechanisms between DCD-associated genes and genes linked with movement disorders. Our findings suggest that some patients might have a genetic etiology of DCD, which could be considered part of a pathogenetic movement disorder spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martinica Garofalo
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (D.A.S.)
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Fleur Vansenne
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Deborah A. Sival
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; (M.G.); (D.A.S.)
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Dineke S. Verbeek
- Expertise Center Movement Disorders Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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Talukdar PD, Chatterji U. Transcriptional co-activators: emerging roles in signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets for diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:427. [PMID: 37953273 PMCID: PMC10641101 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01651-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Specific cell states in metazoans are established by the symphony of gene expression programs that necessitate intricate synergic interactions between transcription factors and the co-activators. Deregulation of these regulatory molecules is associated with cell state transitions, which in turn is accountable for diverse maladies, including developmental disorders, metabolic disorders, and most significantly, cancer. A decade back most transcription factors, the key enablers of disease development, were historically viewed as 'undruggable'; however, in the intervening years, a wealth of literature validated that they can be targeted indirectly through transcriptional co-activators, their confederates in various physiological and molecular processes. These co-activators, along with transcription factors, have the ability to initiate and modulate transcription of diverse genes necessary for normal physiological functions, whereby, deregulation of such interactions may foster tissue-specific disease phenotype. Hence, it is essential to analyze how these co-activators modulate specific multilateral processes in coordination with other factors. The proposed review attempts to elaborate an in-depth account of the transcription co-activators, their involvement in transcription regulation, and context-specific contributions to pathophysiological conditions. This review also addresses an issue that has not been dealt with in a comprehensive manner and hopes to direct attention towards future research that will encompass patient-friendly therapeutic strategies, where drugs targeting co-activators will have enhanced benefits and reduced side effects. Additional insights into currently available therapeutic interventions and the associated constraints will eventually reveal multitudes of advanced therapeutic targets aiming for disease amelioration and good patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Dey Talukdar
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Urmi Chatterji
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Francés L, Ruiz A, Soler CV, Francés J, Caules J, Hervás A, Carretero C, Cardona B, Quezada E, Fernández A, Quintero J. Prevalence, comorbidities, and profiles of neurodevelopmental disorders according to the DSM-5-TR in children aged 6 years old in a European region. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1260747. [PMID: 38025459 PMCID: PMC10667691 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1260747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are no studies that measure the prevalence and real comorbidities of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) according to the DSM-5-TR in 6-year-old children in population and clinical samples or studies that measure them as a whole. The data on the prevalence of these disorders are usually disparate because of the estimation methods (direct/indirect), the type of sample (population/clinical/school), and the ages studied. Methods The initial sample (289 subjects) was representative of 6-year-old children in the entire population of Menorca, obtained from pediatric primary care services (100% of the sample). The patients were divided into two groups based on the criterion of verification of clinical warning signs. One of the groups represented the clinical or experimental sample (EG) (81 subjects) at risk of NDDs; the other group was considered the control sample (CG) (210 subjects), and they were subjects without risk of suffering NDDs. A direct clinical assessment of the clinical sample was carried out, and they were administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-V), the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF-5), the Battery for the evaluation of the processes of revised reading (Batería para la evaluación de los procesos de lectura revisada - PROLEC-R), the Test for the Diagnosis of Basic Mathematical Competences, (TEDI-MATH), and the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ). Results A total of 21.5% of the initial sample suffered from an NDD. A total of 2.4% presented autism spectrum disorder (ASD); 14% presented attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); 0.34% presented mild intellectual disability; 9.54% presented communication disorder (CD) (5.8% language disorder, 3.4% phonological disorder, and 0.34% stuttering); 10% presented learning disorder with reading difficulties; 5.8% presented learning disorder with difficulties in writing; 3.11% presented learning disorder with difficulties in mathematics; 1% presented transitory tic disorder; 0.34% presented chronic tic disorder; 1% presented Tourette syndrome; 2% presented motor coordination disorder (MCD); and 0.34% presented stereotypic movement disorders. Male children were more affected than female children in general, with male/female ORs of 0.14/0.92 for the presence of comorbidities, 0.11/0.88 for combined ADHD, 0.06/0.87 for language disorder, 1.02/1.27 for MCD, and 1.39/1.02 for inattentive ADHD. Conclusion In disadvantaged contexts, there was a higher prevalence of NDDs and comorbidities, unless the disorder was extreme, in which case only the NDD manifestations were presented. A significant proportion of the sample had not been previously diagnosed (88.6%); therefore, early detection programs are recommended to identify warning signs and develop policies that help and support the most disadvantaged sectors of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Francés
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist, IBSMIA, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antoni Ruiz
- Research Group on Socio-Educational Interventions in Childhood and Youth, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joan Francés
- Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Miguel Hernández University, Elche, Spain
| | - Jessica Caules
- Teaching, Arrels Institute, Ciutadella de Menorca, Spain
| | - Amaia Hervás
- Child–Adolescent Mental Health Unit, Mutua Terrasa University Hospital, Terrassa, Catalonia, Spain
- Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- Saint George Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Child–Adolescent Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Alberto Fernández
- Psychiatry Department of Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Quintero
- Psychiatry Department of Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Psychiatry Service of Infanta Leonor Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Shih P, Chiang TL, Lin PI, Lin MY, Guo YL. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children is related to maternal screen time during early childhood in Taiwan: a national prospective cohort study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:736. [PMID: 37817111 PMCID: PMC10565960 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear to familial screen time in early childhood is associated with the subsequent diagnosis of attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Our study is to evaluate the association between screen time during early childhood in families and the incidence of ADHD. METHODS We conducted a population-based birth cohort study by using the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study, which recruited 24 200 mother-child pairs when children were 6 months old. Screen time exposure for children and parents were collected at the age of 18 and 36 months. Whether the child has ever been diagnosed with ADHD was determined at a follow-up interview at age 8. Factors including socioeconomic factors and screen time were analyzed using logistic regression to determine their association with the rate of ADHD. RESULTS A total of 16 651 term singletons were included in the final analysis. Of them, 382 (2.3%) were diagnosed as having ADHD before the age of 8 years. No significant relationship between children's or fathers' screen time and ADHD was noted. When compared to children whose mothers spent less time on screens, those whose mothers spent more than 3 h a day on screens when the child was 3 years old exhibited a higher incidence of ADHD (adjusted OR [aOR]: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.03-1.66). CONCLUSION Higher maternal screen time when the child was 3 years old was associated with an increased incidence of ADHD in this population-based study. However, children's screen time did not find related to ADHD. We found that it was the mother's screen time, who typically serves as the primary caregiver in our study participants, not the child's, that mattered. In addition to superficial screen use time, future research is needed to replicate the findings and clarify mechanisms underlying this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Shih
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Chiang
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-I Lin
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Mental Health Research Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, Australia
- Department of Mental Health, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Ming-Yu Lin
- Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ministry of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yue Leon Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- , Rm 339, 3F., No. 17, Xuzhou Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City, 10055, Taiwan.
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Caragli V, Monzani D, Genovese E, Palma S, Persico AM. Cochlear Implantation in Children with Additional Disabilities: A Systematic Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1653. [PMID: 37892316 PMCID: PMC10605071 DOI: 10.3390/children10101653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the last 10 years of medical literature on the benefits of cochlear implantation in children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) with additional disabilities. The most recent literature concerning cochlear implants (CIs) in DHH children with additional disabilities was systematically explored through PubMed, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from January 2012 to July 2023. Our two-stage search strategy selected a total of 61 articles concerning CI implantation in children with several forms of additional disabilities: autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, visual impairment, motor disorders, developmental delay, genetic syndromes, and intellectual disability. Overall, many children with additional disabilities benefit from CIs by acquiring greater environmental sound awareness. This, in turn, improves non-verbal communication and adaptive skills, with greater possibilities to relate to others and to be connected with the environment. Instead, despite some improvement, expressive language tends to develop more slowly and to a lesser extent compared to children affected by hearing loss only. Further studies are needed to better appreciate the specificities of each single disability and to personalize interventions, not restricting the analysis to auditory and language skills, but rather applying or developing cross-culturally validated instruments able to reliably assess the developmental trajectory and the quality of life of DHH children with additional disabilities before and after CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Caragli
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Audiology Program, Department of Diagnostic Clinical and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Daniele Monzani
- Department of Surgery Dentistry Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Genovese
- Audiology Program, Department of Diagnostic Clinical and Public Health, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Silvia Palma
- Audiology, Primary Care Department, AUSL Modena, 41100 Modena, Italy;
| | - Antonio M. Persico
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Program, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena University Hospital, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Clark CA, Turner K, Kuntz J, Perri A, Deegan A, Marriott B, Graham S, Rahman A, McMorris CA. COVID-19 and Neurodevelopmental Disabilities: Examining the Impact of the First 2 Years of the Pandemic on the Demand for Pediatric Inpatient Care. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06136-x. [PMID: 37794177 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has strained the resources of the world's healthcare systems. Most individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDDs) experience significant mental health issues and face substantial barriers in accessing appropriate supports which have been exacerbated during the pandemic. It is unknown the extent to which COVID-19 impacted the demand for and effectiveness of inpatient care for those with NDDs. The impact of COVID-19 on the number of admissions of youth with NDDs to pediatric inpatient psychiatry units, as well as their functioning and length of stay during the first two years of the pandemic was analyzed using Bayesian structural time series models. Admission data of youth with NDDs from four pediatric inpatient units in Alberta, Canada (n = 2144) was examined. Inpatient admissions of youth with NDDs significantly increased following the onset of the pandemic. Compared to the period prior to the pandemic, patients with NDDs had significantly worse overall functioning and received fewer days of treatment. These findings highlight the need for increased resources to support the mental health needs of this vulnerable population and are consistent with other studies in the general population examining the utilization of inpatient psychiatric units during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris A Clark
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Owerko Centre, ACHRI, Third Floor-CDC Building, #355, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N, Canada.
| | - Kailyn Turner
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Owerko Centre, ACHRI, Third Floor-CDC Building, #355, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N, Canada
- Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jennifer Kuntz
- Child and Adolescent Addition, Mental Health and Psychiatry Program, Alberta Health Services (AHS), Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea Perri
- Child and Adolescent Addition, Mental Health and Psychiatry Program, Alberta Health Services (AHS), Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Avril Deegan
- Child and Adolescent Addition, Mental Health and Psychiatry Program, Alberta Health Services (AHS), Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Brian Marriott
- Child and Adolescent Addition, Mental Health and Psychiatry Program, Alberta Health Services (AHS), Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Susan Graham
- Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Abdul Rahman
- Child and Adolescent Addition, Mental Health and Psychiatry Program, Alberta Health Services (AHS), Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carly A McMorris
- Werklund School of Education, University of Calgary, Owerko Centre, ACHRI, Third Floor-CDC Building, #355, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N, Canada
- Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Rosindo Daher de Barros F, Novais F. da Silva C, de Castro Michelassi G, Brentani H, Nunes FL, Machado-Lima A. Computer aided diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders and genetic syndromes based on facial images - A systematic literature review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20517. [PMID: 37860568 PMCID: PMC10582402 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopment disorders can result in facial dysmorphisms. Therefore, the analysis of facial images using image processing and machine learning techniques can help construct systems for diagnosing genetic syndromes and neurodevelopmental disorders. The systems offer faster and cost-effective alternatives for genotyping tests, particularly when dealing with large-scale applications. However, there are still challenges to overcome to ensure the accuracy and reliability of computer-aided diagnosis systems. This article presents a systematic review of such initiatives, including 55 articles. The main aspects used to develop these diagnostic systems were discussed, namely datasets - availability, type of image, size, ethnicities and syndromes - types of facial features, techniques used for normalization, dimensionality reduction and classification, deep learning, as well as a discussion related to the main gaps, challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Rosindo Daher de Barros
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities – University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Arlindo Bettio, 1000, Sao Paulo, 03828-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Novais F. da Silva
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities – University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Arlindo Bettio, 1000, Sao Paulo, 03828-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Castro Michelassi
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities – University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Arlindo Bettio, 1000, Sao Paulo, 03828-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Brentani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo's School of Medicine (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, 05403-903, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fátima L.S. Nunes
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities – University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Arlindo Bettio, 1000, Sao Paulo, 03828-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ariane Machado-Lima
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities – University of Sao Paulo (USP), Av. Arlindo Bettio, 1000, Sao Paulo, 03828-000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Akdağ B. Exploring Teachers' Knowledge and Attitudes Toward Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Its Treatment in a District of Turkey. Cureus 2023; 15:e45342. [PMID: 37849607 PMCID: PMC10577670 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Teachers are pivotal in integrating children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into academic and social contexts. Their comprehension of and attitudes toward ADHD significantly influence the inclusion of these children. This study was conducted to assess teachers' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about ADHD and its treatment within a representative sample from Turkey. Methods An online self-administered questionnaire was formulated to gauge teachers' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions related to ADHD and its treatment. Results Of the respondents, 57.7% accurately identified that ADHD is more commonly present in boys. Furthermore, a majority of teachers (60.8%) correctly answered the question related to the comorbidity of ADHD and learning disabilities. However, 20.3% of teachers believed that ADHD medications were addictive, with 9.7% expressing reluctance to use such treatment for their children if needed. Conclusion The results highlight the need for revising the current training curricula for novice teachers and providing additional training for experienced teachers. Such initiatives should aim to rectify any negative perceptions and attitudes toward ADHD held by teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berhan Akdağ
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Silifke State Hospital, Mersin, TUR
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Shahidullah JD, Roberts H, Parkhurst J, Ballard R, Mautone JA, Carlson JS. State of the Evidence for Use of Psychotropic Medications in School-Age Youth. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1454. [PMID: 37761415 PMCID: PMC10528957 DOI: 10.3390/children10091454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Psychotropic medications are commonly prescribed to school-aged youth for the management of mental health concerns. This paper describes the current state of evidence for psychotropic medications in school-aged youth. More specifically, the following sections summarize relevant medication research trials and practice parameters pertaining to psychotropic medication prescribing as well as the specific medications indicated for a range of commonly presenting disorders and symptom clusters in school-aged youth. For each of these disorders and symptom clusters, key findings pertaining to the current state of science and practice are highlighted for the purpose of offering patients, clinicians, researchers, and policymakers with nuanced considerations for the role of psychopharmacology within the context of a larger "whole-child" approach to care that relies on the collaboration of providers and services across systems of care to promote optimal child and family health and wellness. The paper concludes with a discussion about supporting the use of medication treatments in schools, including considerations for ensuring effective family-school-health system collaboration to best meet youth mental health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. Shahidullah
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Holly Roberts
- Department of Psychology, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - John Parkhurst
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.P.); (R.B.)
| | - Rachel Ballard
- Pritzker Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (J.P.); (R.B.)
| | - Jennifer A. Mautone
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA;
| | - John S. Carlson
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, & Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Frei-Landau R, Grobgeld E, Guberman R. Implementing digital neuroscience in special-needs-teacher education: exploring student-teachers' multifaceted learning outcomes related to teaching children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1232315. [PMID: 37599772 PMCID: PMC10434781 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1232315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction In recent decades, there has been increased use of neuroscience in teacher education, which refers to applying knowledge from brain science to teaching. Similarly, digital learning has been extensively integrated into teacher education, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the benefits of assimilating educational neuroscience into special-education training-particularly using digital platforms-have yet to be examined. The current study explored the use of digitally-delivered educational neuroscience, related to neurodevelopmental disorders (ND), in teacher education, to gain insight into the learning outcomes alongside the contribution of the digital platform. Methods Employing a qualitative approach, we recruited 193 student-teachers who learned a digital ND-related neuroscience course. Data collection included open-ended reflections, open-ended story questions and five focus groups - all of which were analyzed using content analysis. Results Findings revealed a process involving four learning outcomes: understanding brain-based mechanisms of ND, enhanced empathy, extended perception of teachers' professional role, and the design of pedagogical adaptations. The analysis also pointed out the various ways in which the digital platform facilitated these learning outcomes. Discussion The study provides theoretical insight into the role of digitally-delivered educational neuroscience in the service of inclusion. It further discusses the practical implications of using digitally-delivered educational neuroscience in teacher education to promote an inclusive pedagogy and best practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rivi Frei-Landau
- The Rehabilitation Psychology Program, Faculty of Psychology, Achva Academic College, Arugot, Israel
| | - Etty Grobgeld
- The Neuro-padagogy Centre, Achva Academic College, Arugot, Israel
| | - Raisa Guberman
- Department of Mathematics, Achva Academic College, Arugot, Israel
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50
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Lin Y, Li H, Zhang J, Yang Z, Zhou Y, Liu L, Qian Q. Polymorphism of Estrogen Receptor Genes and Its Interactions With Neurodevelopmental Genes in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Chinese Han Descent. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:775-785. [PMID: 37614014 PMCID: PMC10460975 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2023.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a polygenic neurodevelopmental disorder with significant gender differences. The sexual dimorphism of ADHD may be associated with estrogen acting through estrogen receptors (ESR). This study investigates the impact of ESR gene polymorphism and its interactions with neurodevelopmental genes on ADHD susceptibility. METHODS The study compared genotyping data of single nucleotide polymorphisms in ESR1 and ESR2 in 1,035 ADHD cases and 962 controls. The gene-gene interactions between ESR genes and three neurodevelopmental genes (brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF], synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa gene [SNAP25], and cadherin-13 [CDH13]) in ADHD were investigated using generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction and verified by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The G allele of rs960070/ESR2 (empirical p=0.0076) and the A allele of rs8017441/ESR2 (empirical p=0.0426) were found significantly higher in ADHD cases than in the controls but not in male or female subgroups. Though no difference was found in all subjects or females, the A allele of rs9340817/ESR1 (empirical p=0.0344) was found significantly higher in ADHD cases than controls in males. We also found genetic interaction models between ESR2 gene, neurodevelopmental genes and ADHD susceptibility in males (ESR2 rs960070/BDNF rs6265/BDNF rs2049046/SNAP25 rs362987/CDH13 rs6565113) and females (ESR2 rs960070/BDNF rs6265/BDNF rs2049046) separately, though it was negative in overall subjects. CONCLUSION The ESR gene polymorphism associates with ADHD among Chinese Han children, with interactions between ESR genes and neurodevelopmental genes potentially influencing the susceptibility of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Lin
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
- Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Haimei Li
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Yang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Qiujin Qian
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & The Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
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