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Hughes CJ, Alderman C, Wolin AR, Fields KM, Zhao R, Ford HL. All eyes on Eya: A unique transcriptional co-activator and phosphatase in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189098. [PMID: 38555001 PMCID: PMC11111358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The Eya family of proteins (consisting of Eyas1-4 in mammals) play vital roles in embryogenesis by regulating processes such as proliferation, migration/invasion, cellular survival and pluripotency/plasticity of epithelial and mesenchymal states. Eya proteins carry out such diverse functions through a unique combination of transcriptional co-factor, Tyr phosphatase, and PP2A/B55α-mediated Ser/Thr phosphatase activities. Since their initial discovery, re-expression of Eyas has been observed in numerous tumor types, where they are known to promote tumor progression through a combination of their transcriptional and enzymatic activities. Eya proteins thus reinstate developmental processes during malignancy and represent a compelling class of therapeutic targets for inhibiting tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor J Hughes
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Christopher Alderman
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Arthur R Wolin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Kaiah M Fields
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Rui Zhao
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America.
| | - Heide L Ford
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America; Molecular Biology Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America.
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2
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Daren L, Dan Y, Jinhong W, Chao L. NIK-mediated reactivation of SIX2 enhanced the CSC-like traits of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through suppressing ubiquitin-proteasome system. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:583-591. [PMID: 37461228 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The critical roles of NF-κB Inducing Kinase (NIK) in tumor progression have been elucidated in various tumors; however, its effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression are still confusing. Here, we found that NIK level was upregulated in HCC tissues compared to that of normal tissues, and positively correlated with the levels of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. Then we established HCC cells with NIK-stable knockdown and found that NIK knockdown suppressed the CSC-like traits of HCC cells through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Mechanistically, we revealed that SIX2 protein level, but not its mRNA level, was significantly reduced in HCC cells with NIK knockdown, which was rescued by MG132 treatment. Furthermore, NIK knockdown promoted the ubiquitination level of SIX2 and decreased its protein stability. Moreover, Six2 overexpression partially reversed the inhibition of NIK knockdown on the CSC-like traits of HCC cells. This study identified a novel NIK/SIX2 axis conferring HCC stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Daren
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Dan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wu Jinhong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Chao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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3
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Zhang X, Niu M, Li T, Wu Y, Gao J, Yi M, Wu K. S100A8/A9 as a risk factor for breast cancer negatively regulated by DACH1. Biomark Res 2023; 11:106. [PMID: 38093319 PMCID: PMC10720252 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100A8 and S100A9 are members of Ca2+-binding EF-hand superfamily, mainly expressed by macrophages and neutrophils. Limited by the poor stability of homodimers, they commonly exist as heterodimers. Beyond acting as antibacterial cytokines, S100A8/A9 is also associated with metabolic and autoimmune diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. While the involvement of S100A8/A9 in breast cancer development has been documented, its prognostic significance and the precise regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS S100A8/A9 protein in breast cancer samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining with tumor tissue microarrays. The serum S100A8 concentration in patients was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The S100A8 secreted by breast cancer cells was detected by ELISA as well. Pooled analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between S100A8/A9 mRNA level and clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients. Besides, the effects of S100A8/A9 and DACH1 on patient outcomes were analyzed by tissue assays. Finally, xenograft tumor assays were adopted to validate the effects of DACH1 on tumor growth and S100A8/A9 expression. RESULTS The level of S100A8/A9 was higher in breast cancer, relative to normal tissue. Increased S100A8/A9 was related to poor differentiation grade, loss of hormone receptors, and Her2 positive. Moreover, elevated S100A8/A9 predicted a worse prognosis for breast cancer patients. Meanwhile, serum S100A8 concentration was upregulated in Grade 3, basal-like, and Her2-overexpressed subtypes. Additionally, the results of public databases showed S100A8/A9 mRNA level was negatively correlated to DACH1. Stable overexpressing DACH1 in breast cancer cells significantly decreased the generation of S100A8. The survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high S100A8/A9 and low DACH1 achieved the shortest overall survival. The xenograft models indicated that DACH1 expression significantly retarded tumor growth and downregulated S100A8/A9 protein abundance. CONCLUSION S100A8/A9 is remarkedly increased in basal-like and Her2-overexpressed subtypes, predicting poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Tumor suppressor DACH1 inhibits S100A8/A9 expression. The combination of S100A8/A9 and DACH1 predicted the overall survival of breast cancer patients more preciously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinnan Gao
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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4
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Maharati A, Moghbeli M. Forkhead box proteins as the critical regulators of cisplatin response in tumor cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175937. [PMID: 37541368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most common chemotherapy drugs used in a wide range of cancer patients; however, there is a high rate of CDDP resistance among cancer patients. Considering the side effects of cisplatin in normal tissues, it is necessary to predict the CDDP response in cancer patients. Therefore, identifying the molecular mechanisms involved in CDDP resistance can help to introduce the prognostic markers. Several molecular mechanisms such as apoptosis inhibition, drug efflux, drug detoxification, and increased DNA repair are involved in CDDP resistance. Regarding the key role of transcription factors in regulation of many cellular processes related to drug resistance, in the present review, we discussed the role of Forkhead box (FOX) protein family in CDDP response. It has been reported that FOX proteins mainly promote CDDP resistance through the regulation of DNA repair, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and signaling pathways. Therefore, FOX proteins can be introduced as the prognostic markers to predict CDDP response in cancer patients. In addition, considering that oncogenic role of FOX proteins, the CDDP treatment along with FOX inhibition can be used as a therapeutic strategy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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5
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Luo H, Chen J, Jiang Q, Yu Y, Yang M, Luo Y, Wang X. Comprehensive DNA methylation profiling of COVID-19 and hepatocellular carcinoma to identify common pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:100. [PMID: 37309005 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01515-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be more complex and severe in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as compared to other cancers. This is due to several factors, including pre-existing conditions such as viral hepatitis and cirrhosis, which are commonly associated with HCC. METHODS We conducted an analysis of epigenomics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and HCC patients, and identified common pathogenic mechanisms using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and other analyses. Hub genes were identified and analyzed using LASSO regression. Additionally, drug candidates and their binding modes to key macromolecular targets of COVID-19 were identified using molecular docking. RESULTS The epigenomic analysis of the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and HCC patients revealed that the co-pathogenesis was closely linked to immune response, particularly T cell differentiation, regulation of T cell activation and monocyte differentiation. Further analysis indicated that CD4+ T cells and monocytes play essential roles in the immunoreaction triggered by both conditions. The expression levels of hub genes MYLK2, FAM83D, STC2, CCDC112, EPHX4 and MMP1 were strongly correlated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the prognosis of HCC patients. In our study, mefloquine and thioridazine were identified as potential therapeutic agents for COVID-19 in combined with HCC. CONCLUSIONS In this research, we conducted an epigenomics analysis to identify common pathogenetic processes between SARS-CoV-2 infection and HCC patients, providing new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of HCC patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Luo
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixin Chen
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyin Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Yu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaolun Yang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehua Luo
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiongwen Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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6
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Vallejos PA, Gonda A, Yu J, Sullivan BG, Ostowari A, Kwong ML, Choi A, Selleck MJ, Kabagwira J, Fuller RN, Gironda DJ, Levine EA, Hughes CCW, Wall NR, Miller LD, Senthil M. Plasma Exosome Gene Signature Differentiates Colon Cancer from Healthy Controls. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:3833-3844. [PMID: 36864326 PMCID: PMC10175396 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13219-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liquid biopsies have become an integral part of cancer management as minimally invasive options to detect molecular and genetic changes. However, current options show poor sensitivity in peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). Novel exosome-based liquid biopsies may provide critical information on these challenging tumors. In this initial feasibility analysis, we identified an exosome gene signature of 445 genes (ExoSig445) from colon cancer patients, including those with PC, that is distinct from healthy controls. METHODS Plasma exosomes from 42 patients with metastatic and non-metastatic colon cancer and 10 healthy controls were isolated and verified. RNAseq analysis of exosomal RNA was performed and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by the DESeq2 algorithm. The ability of RNA transcripts to discriminate control and cancer cases was assessed by principal component analysis (PCA) and Bayesian compound covariate predictor classification. An exosomal gene signature was compared with tumor expression profiles of The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS Unsupervised PCA using exosomal genes with greatest expression variance showed stark separation between controls and patient samples. Using separate training and test sets, gene classifiers were constructed capable of discriminating control and patient samples with 100% accuracy. Using a stringent statistical threshold, 445 DEGs fully delineated control from cancer samples. Furthermore, 58 of these exosomal DEGs were found to be overexpressed in colon tumors. CONCLUSIONS Plasma exosomal RNAs can robustly discriminate colon cancer patients, including patients with PC, from healthy controls. ExoSig445 can potentially be developed as a highly sensitive liquid biopsy test in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Vallejos
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Amber Gonda
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Brittany G Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Arsha Ostowari
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Mei Li Kwong
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Audrey Choi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Selleck
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Janviere Kabagwira
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ryan N Fuller
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Daniel J Gironda
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Edward A Levine
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Wake Forest Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Christopher C W Hughes
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nathan R Wall
- Department of Basic Science, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Lance D Miller
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Maheswari Senthil
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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7
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Zhu S, Li W, Zhang H, Yan Y, Mei Q, Wu K. Retinal determination gene networks: from biological functions to therapeutic strategies. Biomark Res 2023; 11:18. [PMID: 36750914 PMCID: PMC9906957 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinal determinant gene network (RDGN), originally discovered as a critical determinator in Drosophila eye specification, has become an important regulatory network in tumorigenesis and progression, as well as organogenesis. This network is not only associated with malignant biological behaviors of tumors, such as proliferation, and invasion, but also regulates the development of multiple mammalian organs. Three members of this conservative network have been extensively investigated, including DACH, SIX, and EYA. Dysregulated RDGN signaling is associated with the initiation and progression of tumors. In recent years, it has been found that the members of this network can be used as prognostic markers for cancer patients. Moreover, they are considered to be potential therapeutic targets for cancer. Here, we summarize the research progress of RDGN members from biological functions to signaling transduction, especially emphasizing their effects on tumors. Additionally, we discuss the roles of RDGN members in the development of organs and tissue as well as their correlations with the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease and coronary heart disease. By summarizing the roles of RDGN members in human diseases, we hope to promote future investigations into RDGN and provide potential therapeutic strategies for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangli Zhu
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Wanling Li
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China ,grid.470966.aCancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032 China
| | - Hao Zhang
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yuheng Yan
- grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China. .,Cancer Center, Tongji hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Vazirabad AF, Noorolyai S, Baghbani E, Mahboob S, Zargari F, Rahmani S, Sorkhabi A, Montazami N, Sameti P, Baradaran B. Silencing of SiX-4 enhances the chemosensitivity of melanoma cells to Cisplatin. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 240:154194. [PMID: 36370483 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the riskiest type of skin cancer. Its prevalence has been rapidly increased over the last three decades. SIX1, SIX2, SIX3, SIX4, SIX5, and SIX6 are members of the sine oculis homeobox (SIX) homolog family. It is imperative to identify new melanoma biomarkers to improve the predictive value for melanoma prognosis, which could enhance our understanding of carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In this study, we investigated whether silencing of SIX4 in a melanoma cell line (A375 cells) in combination with Cisplatin can affect the apoptosis and suppression of cell cycle progression, migration of the melanoma cells. MTT test and colony formation assay was applied to determine the IC50 of Cisplatin and the combined effect of SIX4 siRNA and Cisplatin on the viability and clonogenesis of the A-375 cells. qRT-PCR was performed to determine the c-myc, BCL-2, BAX, MMP-9, CXCR4, and Rock genes expression. Furthermore, flow cytometry was applied to evaluate apoptosis, autophagy, and the cell cycle status in different groups. Finally, wound healing assay was employed to evaluate the effect of this combination therapy on migratory capacity. SIX4 suppression increased the chemosensitivity of A-375 cells to Cisplatin and decreased its efficient dose. Furthermore, SIX4 suppression alongside Cisplatin reduced cell migration rate, arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase, induced apoptosis by modulating the expression of apoptotic target genes, induced autophagy, and also significantly inhibits clonogenesis of A-375 cells. SIX4 plays a significant role in the chemosensitivity and pathogenesis of melanoma. Therefore, SIX4 suppression, in combination with Cisplatin, may be a promising therapeutic approach in treating melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Noorolyai
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soltanali Mahboob
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition Security, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Felor Zargari
- Department of Medical Science, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Shima Rahmani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Sorkhabi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nooshin Montazami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pouriya Sameti
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Stage-specific H3K9me3 occupancy ensures retrotransposon silencing in human pre-implantation embryos. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:1051-1066.e8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Identification of hub genes, modules and biological pathways associated with lung adenocarcinoma: A system biology approach. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Wilson C, Mertens TC, Shivshankar P, Bi W, Collum SD, Wareing N, Ko J, Weng T, Naikawadi RP, Wolters PJ, Maire P, Jyothula SS, Thandavarayan RA, Ren D, Elrod ND, Wagner EJ, Huang HJ, Dickey BF, Ford HL, Karmouty-Quintana H. Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 plays a critical role in pulmonary fibrosis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e142984. [PMID: 35420997 PMCID: PMC9220956 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.142984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease with limited treatment options. The role of the developmental transcription factor Sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) in the pathophysiology of lung fibrosis is not known. IPF lung tissue samples and IPF-derived alveolar type II cells (AT2) showed a significant increase in SIX1 mRNA and protein levels, and the SIX1 transcriptional coactivators EYA1 and EYA2 were elevated. Six1 was also upregulated in bleomycin-treated (BLM-treated) mice and in a model of spontaneous lung fibrosis driven by deletion of Telomeric Repeat Binding Factor 1 (Trf1) in AT2 cells. Conditional deletion of Six1 in AT2 cells prevented or halted BLM-induced lung fibrosis, as measured by a significant reduction in histological burden of fibrosis, reduced fibrotic mediator expression, and improved lung function. These effects were associated with increased macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in lung epithelial cells in vivo following SIX1 overexpression in BLM-induced fibrosis. A MIF promoter-driven luciferase assay demonstrated direct binding of Six1 to the 5'-TCAGG-3' consensus sequence of the MIF promoter, identifying a likely mechanism of SIX1-driven MIF expression in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis and providing a potentially novel pathway for targeting in IPF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tinne C.J. Mertens
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pooja Shivshankar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Weizen Bi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Scott D. Collum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nancy Wareing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Junsuk Ko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tingting Weng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ram P. Naikawadi
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Paul J. Wolters
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Pascal Maire
- Université de Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Soma S.K. Jyothula
- Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Dewei Ren
- Methodist J.C. Walter Jr. Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nathan D. Elrod
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Eric J. Wagner
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for RNA Biology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, KMRB G.9629, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Howard J. Huang
- Methodist J.C. Walter Jr. Transplant Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Burton F. Dickey
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Heide L. Ford
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Harry Karmouty-Quintana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth Houston), Houston, Texas, USA
- Divisions of Critical Care, Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, Texas, USA
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12
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Qi H, Chen Z, Qin Y, Wang X, Zhang Z, Li Y. Tanshinone IIA inhibits cell growth by suppressing SIX1‑induced aerobic glycolysis in non‑small cell lung cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:184. [PMID: 35527783 PMCID: PMC9073574 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050041, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyi Chen
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Provincial Gucheng County Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 253800, P.R. China
| | - Yuhuan Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Hebei Provincial Gucheng County Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 253800, P.R. China
| | - Xianlei Wang
- Department of Tuberculosis, Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050041, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Technology and Education, Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050041, P.R. China
| | - Yazhai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050041, P.R. China
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13
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FOXA1 Leads to Aberrant Expression of SIX4 Affecting Cervical Cancer Cell Growth and Chemoresistance. Anal Cell Pathol 2022; 2022:9675466. [PMID: 35498155 PMCID: PMC9045987 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9675466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is among the most prevalent cancers among female populations with high recurrence rates all over the world. Cisplatin (DDP) is the first-line treatment for multiple cancers, including CC. The main problem associated with its clinical application is drug resistance. This study is aimed at investigating the function and downstream regulation mechanism of forkhead-box A1 (FOXA1) in CC, which was verified as an oncogene in several cancers. Using GEO database and bioinformatics analysis, we identified FOXA1 as a possible oncogene in CC. Silencing of FOXA1 inhibited CC cell growth, invasion, and chemoresistance. Afterwards, the downstream gene of FOXA1 was predicted using a bioinformatics website and validated using ChIP and dual-luciferase assays. SIX4, a possible target of FOXA1, promoted CC cell malignant aggressiveness and chemoresistance. In addition, overexpression of SIX4 promoted phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT proteins and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Further overexpression of SIX4 reversed the repressive effects of FOXA1 knockdown on CC cell growth, invasion, and chemoresistance in DDP-resistant cells. FOXA1-induced SIX4 facilitates CC progression and chemoresistance, highlighting a strong potential for FOXA1 to serve as a promising therapeutic target in CC.
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14
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Li B, Li H, Dai L, Liu C, Wang L, Li Q, Gu C. NIK-SIX1 signalling axis regulates high glucose-induced endothelial cell dysfunction and inflammation. Autoimmunity 2022; 55:86-94. [PMID: 34894925 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.2015579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are the main manifestations of diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. This paper studied the roles of NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) and sine oculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) in regulating high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. The expression of NIK and SIX1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was silenced by transfection with the specific shRNAs. HUVECs exposed to high glucose were considered as a cell model of endothelial dysfunction. Expression of NIK and SIX1 following transfection was measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis. The proliferation, migration, and inflammation of HUVECs were evaluated by EdU staining, scratch test, ELISA, and western blotting. High glucose (30 mM) significantly decreased the proliferation and migration of HUVECs. High glucose-induced the expression of adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. Moreover, high glucose increased the release of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1. Transfection of cells with NIK shRNA significantly reversed the toxic effects of high glucose on HUVECs. Of contrast, SIX1 shRNA accelerated the effects of high glucose on HUVECs. NIK shRNA inhibited the accumulation of RelA, RelB, and p52. Meanwhile, NIK shRNA led to SIX1 downregulation which further induced the activation of the NF-κB pathway. NIK-SIX1 signalling axis was suggested to be critical in the regulation of high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation. SIX1 may function as an immunological gatekeeper to control the excessive inflammation mediated by NIK in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiming Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Longsheng Dai
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Changcheng Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liangshan Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxiong Gu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Peng L, Tao Y, Wu R, Su J, Sun M, Cheng Y, Xie Z, Mao J, Zhan X, Liu G. NFAT as a Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Related Brain Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:781150. [PMID: 34917508 PMCID: PMC8669620 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.781150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Brain metastases (BMs) are associated with poor prognosis and significant mortality, and approximately 25% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) develop BMs. The present study was aimed to understand the relationships between BM and NSCLC and reveal potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in NSCLC-related BM. Methods The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) expressed during NSCLC and BM development were predicted by bioinformatics analysis, and the expression of the upstream transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) was confirmed as a differential gene expressed in both NSCLC and BM. In addition, the expression of proteins encoded by these DEGs was verified by immunohistochemical experiments examining normal lung tissue, lung cancer tissue, and brain metastasis tissue from 30 patients with NSCLC related BM. Results The co-DEGs interleukin (IL)-11, cadherin 5 (CDH5) and C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) link NSCLC and BM in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and NFAT may target the expression of these co-DEGs. In the GEO database, NFATc1 and NFATc3 were significantly downregulated in NSCLC tissues (P <.05), whereas NFATc1, NFATc2, NFATc3, and NFATc4 were significantly downregulated in BMs (P <.05). Consistent findings were observed in the immunohistochemical analysis. Conclusion NFATc1 and NFATc3 may play important roles in the occurrence of NSCLC and BM by regulating IL-11, CDH5, and CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yihao Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Maoyuan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongyi Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinning Mao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Luo J, Du X. A promising prognostic signature for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients basing on 6 hypoxia-related genes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28237. [PMID: 34918689 PMCID: PMC8677978 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia signaling plays a critical role in the development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We herein aimed to explore the prognostic value of hypoxia-related genes and construct the hypoxia-related prognostic signature for LUAD patients. METHODS A total of 26 hypoxia-related genes were collected. Five hundred thirteen and 246 LUAD samples were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases, respectively. Univariate Cox regression and LASSO Cox regression analyses were conducted to screen the hypoxia-related genes associated with the prognosis of LUAD patients, which would be used for constructing prognosis predictive model for LUAD patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was done to determine the independent prognostic factors. The Nomogram model was constructed to predict the prognosis of LUAD patients. RESULTS Based on 26 hypoxia-related genes, LUAD samples could be divided into 4 clusters with different prognoses. Among which, 6 genes were included to construct the Risk Score and the LUAD patients with higher Risk Score had worse prognosis. Besides, the Nomogram based on all the independent risk factors could relatively reliably predict the survival probability. And 9 types of immune cells' infiltration was significantly differential between high and low risk LUAD patients. CONCLUSION The Risk Score model based on the 6 crucial hypoxia-related genes could relatively reliably predict the prognosis of LUAD patients.
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17
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Liu W, Gao M, Li L, Chen Y, Fan H, Cai Q, Shi Y, Pan C, Liu J, Cheng LS, Yang H, Cheng G. Homeoprotein SIX1 compromises antitumor immunity through TGF-β-mediated regulation of collagens. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2660-2672. [PMID: 34782761 PMCID: PMC8633173 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00800-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME), including infiltrated immune cells, is known to play an important role in tumor growth; however, the mechanisms underlying tumor immunogenicity have not been fully elucidated. Here, we discovered an unexpected role for the transcription factor SIX1 in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment. Based on analyses of patient datasets, we found that SIX1 was upregulated in human tumor tissues and that its expression levels were negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration in the TME and the overall survival rates of cancer patients. Deletion of Six1 in cancer cells significantly reduced tumor growth in an immune-dependent manner with enhanced antitumor immunity in the TME. Mechanistically, SIX1 was required for the expression of multiple collagen genes via the TGFBR2-dependent Smad2/3 activation pathway, and collagen deposition in the TME hampered immune cell infiltration and activation. Thus, our study uncovers a crucial role for SIX1 in modulating tumor immunogenicity and provides proof-of-concept evidence for targeting SIX1 in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancheng Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Meiling Gao
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Lili Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Yu Chen
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Huimin Fan
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Qiaomei Cai
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Yueyue Shi
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Chaohu Pan
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Junxiao Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005 China ,grid.494590.5Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123 China
| | - Lucy S. Cheng
- grid.412689.00000 0001 0650 7433Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 3708 Fifth Avenue, Suite 500.68, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Heng Yang
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China. .,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Genhong Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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18
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Zhu G, Liu Y, Zhao L, Lin Z, Piao Y. The Significance of SIX1 as a Prognostic Biomarker for Survival Outcome in Various Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:622331. [PMID: 34745930 PMCID: PMC8567106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.622331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sine Oculis Homeobox Homolog 1 (SIX1) is reported to promote cancer initiation and progression in many preclinical models and is demonstrated in human cancer tissues. However, the correlation between SIX1 and cancer patients’ prognosis has not yet been systematically evaluated. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis in various human cancer types and extracted some data from TCGA datasets for further verification and perfection. We constructed 27 studies and estimated the association between SIX1 expression in various cancer patients’ overall survival and verified with TCGA datasets. Twenty-seven studies with 4899 patients are include in the analysis of overall, and disease-free survival, most of them were retrospective. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) for overall and disease-free survival in high SIX1 expression patients were 1.54 (95% CI: 1.32-1.80, P<0.00001) and 1.83 (95% CI: 1.31-2.55, P=0.0004) respectively. On subgroup analysis classified in cancer type, high SIX1 expression was associated with poor overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HR 1.50; 95% CI: 1.17-1.93, P =0.001), breast cancer (HR 1.31; 95% CI: 1.10-1.55, P =0.002) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR 1.89; 95% CI: 1.42-2.52, P<0.0001). Next, we utilized TCGA online datasets, and the consistent results were verified in various cancer types. SIX1 expression indicated its potential to serve as a cancer biomarker and deliver prognostic information in various cancer patients. More works still need to improve the understandings of SIX1 expression and prognosis in different cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumour Microenvironment, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China
| | - Zhenhua Lin
- Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Natural Medicine of Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yingshi Piao
- Tumor Research Center, Medical School of Yanbian University, Key Laboratory of Pathobiology of High Frequency Oncology in Ethnic Minority Areas (Yanbian University), State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Yanji, China.,Key Laboratory of Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province, Key Laboratory of Changbai Mountain Natural Medicine of Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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19
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Peng W, Lin C, Jing S, Su G, Jin X, Di G, Shao Z. A Novel Seven Gene Signature-Based Prognostic Model to Predict Distant Metastasis of Lymph Node-Negative Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:746763. [PMID: 34604089 PMCID: PMC8481824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.746763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prognosis of lymph node-negative triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is still worse than that of other subtypes despite adjuvant chemotherapy. Reliable prognostic biomarkers are required to identify lymph node-negative TNBC patients at a high risk of distant metastasis and optimize individual treatment. Methods We analyzed the RNA sequencing data of primary tumor tissue and the clinicopathological data of 202 lymph node-negative TNBC patients. The cohort was randomly divided into training and validation sets. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression were used to construct the prognostic model. Results A clinical prognostic model, seven-gene signature, and combined model were constructed using the training set and validated using the validation set. The seven-gene signature was established based on the genomic variables associated with distant metastasis after shrinkage correction. The difference in the risk of distant metastasis between the low- and high-risk groups was statistically significant using the seven-gene signature (training set: P < 0.001; validation set: P = 0.039). The combined model showed significance in the training set (P < 0.001) and trended toward significance in the validation set (P = 0.071). The seven-gene signature showed improved prognostic accuracy relative to the clinical signature in the training data (AUC value of 4-year ROC, 0.879 vs. 0.699, P = 0.046). Moreover, the composite clinical and gene signature also showed improved prognostic accuracy relative to the clinical signature (AUC value of 4-year ROC: 0.888 vs. 0.699, P = 0.029; AUC value of 5-year ROC: 0.882 vs. 0.693, P = 0.038). A nomogram model was constructed with the seven-gene signature, patient age, and tumor size. Conclusions The proposed signature may improve the risk stratification of lymph node-negative TNBC patients. High-risk lymph node-negative TNBC patients may benefit from treatment escalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Peng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Caijin Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Jing
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Nursing Administration, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanhua Su
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Genhong Di
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Meurer L, Ferdman L, Belcher B, Camarata T. The SIX Family of Transcription Factors: Common Themes Integrating Developmental and Cancer Biology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:707854. [PMID: 34490256 PMCID: PMC8417317 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.707854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The sine oculis (SIX) family of transcription factors are key regulators of developmental processes during embryogenesis. Members of this family control gene expression to promote self-renewal of progenitor cell populations and govern mechanisms of cell differentiation. When the function of SIX genes becomes disrupted, distinct congenital defects develops both in animal models and humans. In addition to the embryonic setting, members of the SIX family have been found to be critical regulators of tumorigenesis, promoting cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis. Research in both the fields of developmental biology and cancer research have provided an extensive understanding of SIX family transcription factor functions. Here we review recent progress in elucidating the role of SIX family genes in congenital disease as well as in the promotion of cancer. Common themes arise when comparing SIX transcription factor function during embryonic and cancer development. We highlight the complementary nature of these two fields and how knowledge in one area can open new aspects of experimentation in the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan Meurer
- Department of Basic Sciences, NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine at Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, United States
| | - Leonard Ferdman
- Department of Basic Sciences, NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine at Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, United States
| | - Beau Belcher
- Department of Biological Sciences, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, United States
| | - Troy Camarata
- Department of Basic Sciences, NYIT College of Osteopathic Medicine at Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, United States
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21
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Patrizi S, Pederiva F, d'Adamo AP. Whole-Genome Methylation Study of Congenital Lung Malformations in Children. Front Oncol 2021; 11:689833. [PMID: 34262872 PMCID: PMC8273538 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.689833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The treatment of asymptomatic patients with congenital pulmonary malformations (CPMs) remains controversial, partially because the relationship between congenital lung malformations and malignancy is still undefined. Change in methylation pattern is a crucial event in human cancer, including lung cancer. We therefore studied all differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in a series of CPMs in an attempt to find methylation anomalies in genes already described in association with malignancy. Methods The DNA extracted from resected congenital lung malformations and control lung tissue was screened using Illumina MethylationEPIC arrays. Comparisons between the group of malformed samples or the malformed samples of same histology or each malformed sample and the controls and between a pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) and controls were performed. Moreover, each malformed sample was pairwise compared with its respective control. All differentially methylated regions (DMRs) with an adjusted p-value <0,05 were studied. Results Every comparison highlighted a number of DMRs closed to genes involved either in cell proliferation or in embryonic development or included in the Cancer Gene Census. Their abnormal methylation had been already described in lung tumors. Conclusions Methylation anomalies already described in lung tumors and also shared by the PPB were found in congenital lung malformations, regardless the histology. The presence of methylation abnormalities is suggestive of a correlation between congenital lung malformations and some step of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Patrizi
- Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences Department, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federica Pederiva
- Pediatric Surgery, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Adamo Pio d'Adamo
- Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences Department, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
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22
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Yang C, Guo Z, Zhao Z, Wei Y, Wang X, Song Y. miR-4306 Suppresses Proliferation of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell by Targeting SIX3. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:769-779. [PMID: 34021861 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00994-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers and the primary cause of cancer-related mortality in China. micoRNA plays a vital role during tumor initiation and malignant progression. miR-4306 has been reported to negatively regulate aggressive cell phenotypes in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, the function of miR-4306 in ESCC was still not clear. In this study, we detected miR-4306 expression by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and found that miR-4306 expression was downregulated in human ESCC tissue samples and cell lines. Moreover, miR-4306 overexpression could restrain ESCC cell proliferation, migratory and invasive ability and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), promote cell apoptosis after treatment with or without cisplatin. In contrast, inhibiting the expression of miR-4306 showed the opposing results. Furthermore, we explored the molecular mechanism of effects of miR-4306 and found that miR-4306 inhibited the expression of SIX3 by interaction with SIX3 3'UTR in ESCC cells, and SIX3 overexpression significantly reversed the effect of miR-4306-mediated ESCC cells proliferation. The current study provided evidence of miR-4306 as a tumor suppression gene in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zichan Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yongmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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23
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Liu X, Duan H, Xiang T, He Q, Su Z, Wu H, Liang Z. DNA Methylation Haplotype Block Markers Efficiently Discriminate Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma from Follicular Adenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:1011-1021. [PMID: 33394038 PMCID: PMC7993581 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is the second most common type of thyroid carcinoma and must be pathologically distinguished from benign follicular adenoma (FA). Additionally, the clinical assessment of thyroid tumors with uncertain malignant potential (TT-UMP) demands effective indicators. OBJECTIVE We aimed to identify discriminating DNA methylation markers between FA and FTC. METHODS DNA methylation patterns were investigated in 33 FTC and 33 FA samples using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and methylation haplotype block-based analysis. A prediction model was constructed and validated in an independent cohort of 13 FTC and 13 FA samples. Moreover, 36 TT-UMP samples were assessed using this model. RESULTS A total of 70 DNA methylation markers, approximately half of which were located within promoters, were identified to be significantly different between the FTC and FA samples. All the Gene Ontology terms enriched among the marker-associated genes were related to "DNA binding," implying that the inactivation of DNA binding played a role in FTC development. A random forest model with an area under the curve of 0.994 was constructed using those markers for discriminating FTC from FA in the validation cohort. When the TT-UMP samples were scored using this model, those with fewer driver mutations also exhibited lower scores. CONCLUSION An FTC-predicting model was constructed using DNA methylation markers, which distinguished between FA and FTC tissues with a high degree of accuracy. This model can also be used to help determine the potential of malignancy in TT-UMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xiaoding Liu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Huanli Duan
- Department of Pathology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Qiye He
- Singlera Genomics Inc. Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixi Su
- Singlera Genomics Inc. Shanghai, China
| | - Huanwen Wu
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Zhiyong Liang, PhD, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. ; or Huanwen Wu, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Pathology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Correspondence: Zhiyong Liang, PhD, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China. ; or Huanwen Wu, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
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24
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Zhao HS, Tao XM, Wang Q, Fang YY, Zhang HY, Wang HQ, Zhang GJ. Silencing SIX1 by miR-7160 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell growth. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:8055-8067. [PMID: 33686961 PMCID: PMC8034971 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The homeoprotein SIX1 is upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and associated with NSCLC tumorigenesis and progression. We identified microRNA-7160 (miR-7160) as a SIX1-targeting miRNA. RNA immunoprecipitation results confirmed a direct binding between miR-7160 and SIX1 mRNA in NSCLC cells. In the primary and established NSCLC cells, forced overexpression of miR-7160 downregulated SIX1 and inhibited cancer cell growth, proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, miR-7160 overexpression induced apoptosis activation in NSCLC cells. Conversely, miR-7160 inhibition elevated SIX1 expression and enhanced NSCLC cell progression in vitro. Restoring SIX1 expression, by an untranslated region-depleted SIX1 expression construct, reversed miR-7160-induced anti-NSCLC cell activity. CRISPR/Cas9-inudced knockout of SIX1 mimicked miR-7160-induced actions and produced anti-NSCLC cell activity. In vivo, intratumoral injection of miR-7160-expressing lentivirus downregulated SIX1 mRNA and inhibited NSCLC xenograft growth in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Significantly, miR-7160 expression is downregulated in human NSCLC tissues and is correlated with SIX1 mRNA upregulation. Collectively, miR-7160 silenced SIX1 and inhibited NSCLC cell growth in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Si Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Min Tao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital; People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yu Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua-Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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25
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Kong D, Zhou H, Neelakantan D, Hughes CJ, Hsu JY, Srinivasan RR, Lewis MT, Ford HL. VEGF-C mediates tumor growth and metastasis through promoting EMT-epithelial breast cancer cell crosstalk. Oncogene 2021; 40:964-979. [PMID: 33299122 PMCID: PMC7867573 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01539-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that a subset of cells within primary breast cancers can undergo an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), although the role of EMT in metastasis remains controversial. We previously demonstrated that breast cancer cells that had undergone an oncogenic EMT could increase metastasis of neighboring cancer cells via non-canonical paracrine-mediated activation of GLI activity that is dependent on SIX1 expression in the EMT cancer cells. However, the mechanism by which these SIX1-expressing EMT cells activate GLI signaling remained unclear. In this study, we demonstrate a novel mechanism for activation of GLI-mediated signaling in epithelial breast tumor cells via EMT cell-induced production and secretion of VEGF-C. We show that VEGF-C, secreted by breast cancer cells that have undergone an EMT, promotes paracrine-mediated increases in proliferation, migration, and invasion of epithelial breast cancer cells, via non-canonical activation of GLI-signaling. We further show that the aggressive phenotypes, including metastasis, imparted by EMT cells on adjacent epithelial cancer cells can be disrupted by either inhibiting VEGF-C in EMT cells or by knocking down NRP2, a receptor which interacts with VEGF-C, in neighboring epithelial cancer cells. Interrogation of TCGA and GEO public datasets supports the relevance of this pathway in human breast cancer, demonstrating that VEGF-C strongly correlates with activation of Hedgehog signaling and EMT in the human disease. Our study suggests that the VEGF-C/NRP2/GLI axis is a novel and conserved paracrine means by which EMT cells enhance metastasis, and provides potential targets for therapeutic intervention in this heterogeneous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deguang Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hengbo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Cancer Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Deepika Neelakantan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Connor J Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jessica Y Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Program in Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Michael T Lewis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heide L Ford
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Program in Cancer Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Program in Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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26
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Li Y, Jiang X, Yan X, Wang Y. Upregulation of SIX4 indicates poor clinical outcome and promotes tumor growth and cell metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:752-759. [PMID: 33481352 PMCID: PMC7952808 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of sine oculis homeobox 4 (SIX4) has been found in some malignant tumors. However, there have been few studies on the function of SIX4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of SIX4 in ESCC. Methods RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis were used to measure mRNA and protein expression. The function of SIX4 was investigated using CCK‐8, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing and transwell assays. A mouse xenograft tumor assay was designed to perform in vivo experiments. Results SIX4 was upregulated in ESCC and indicated poor clinical outcomes in ESCC patients. Functionally, knockdown of SIX4 inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in ESCC. In addition, the silencing of SIX4 inhibited cell migration, invasion and EMT in ESCC. More importantly, upregulation of SIX4 could activate the PI3K/AKT pathway in ESCC cells and promote tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions Upregulation of SIX4 indicates poor clinical outcomes in ESCC patients and promotes tumor growth and cell metastasis in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rizhao Hospital of TCM, Rizhao, China
| | - Xiaomei Jiang
- Outpatient Department, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- Health Management Department, Qingdao Eighth People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanzheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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27
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Liu S, Tian Y, Zheng Y, Cheng Y, Zhang D, Jiang J, Li S. TRIM27 acts as an oncogene and regulates cell proliferation and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer through SIX3-β-catenin signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:25564-25580. [PMID: 33264103 PMCID: PMC7803540 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays vital roles in diverse biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, migration, and insulin sensitivity. A recent study reported that the DNA-binding transcriptional factor SIX3 is essential during embryonic development in vertebrates and capable of downregulating target genes of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in lung cancer, indicating negative regulation of Wnt/β-catenin activation. However, regulation of the SIX3-Wnt/β-catenin pathway axis remains unknown. We measured the expression of TRIM27 and SIX3 as well as investigated whether there was a correlation between them in lung cancer tissue samples. Herein, we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase, TRIM27, ubiquitinates, and degrades SIX3. TRIM27 induces non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation and metastasis, and the expression of β-catenin, S100P, TGFB3, and MMP-9 were significantly inhibited by SIX3. Furthermore, XAV939 is a selective β-catenin-mediated transcription inhibitor that inhibited TRIM27- and SIX3-mediated NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Clinically, lung tissue samples of cancer patients showed increased TRIM27 expression and decreased SIX3 expression. Taken together, these data demonstrate that TRIM27 acts as an oncogene regulating cell proliferation and metastasis in NSCLC through SIX3-β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Press, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yao Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Danjie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Jiantao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Shaomin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
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28
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Laukkanen S, Oksa L, Nikkilä A, Lahnalampi M, Parikka M, Seki M, Takita J, Degerman S, de Bock CE, Heinäniemi M, Lohi O. SIX6 is a TAL1-regulated transcription factor in T-ALL and associated with inferior outcome. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:3089-3100. [PMID: 32835548 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1804560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a hematological malignancy driven by abnormal activity of transcription factors. Here we report an aberrant expression of the developmental transcription factor SIX6 in the TAL1-subtype of T-ALL. Our results demonstrate that the binding of TAL1 and GATA3 transcription factors into an upstream enhancer element directly regulates SIX6 expression. High expression of SIX6 was associated with inferior event-free survival within three independent patient cohorts. At a functional level, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of the SIX6 gene in TAL1 positive Jurkat cells induced changes in genes associated with the mTOR-, K-RAS-, and TNFα-related molecular signatures but did not impair cell proliferation or viability. There was also no acceleration of T-ALL development within a Myc driven zebrafish tumor model in vivo. Taken together, our results show that SIX6 belongs to the TAL1 regulatory gene network in T-ALL but is alone insufficient to influence the development or maintenance of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Laukkanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Oksa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Atte Nikkilä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Lahnalampi
- The Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mataleena Parikka
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Oral and Maxillofacial Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Masafumi Seki
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Junko Takita
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sofie Degerman
- Department of Medical Biosciences and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- The Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Lohi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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29
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Duan Y, Li WX, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Shen J, Deng CJ, Li Q, Chen R, Liu X, Zhang YL. Integrated Analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs Identifies a Potential Driver lncRNA FENDRR in Lung Cancer in Xuanwei, China. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:983-995. [PMID: 32590916 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1779323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was to screen out potential driver long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in lung cancer in Xuanwei (LCXW) differently expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs were detected by gene expression microarrays in 23 paired lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent tissues. Combined bioinformatics analysis was performed to identify potential driver lncRNAs and their potential regulatory relationships. Transcriptome and clinical data in TCGA-LUAD were used as comparison and validation dataset. The comparison of LCXW and TCGA-LUAD revealed significant differences in expression of some genes, signaling pathways affected by differentially expressed genes, and the 5-year survival rate of patients. We identified 14 consistently deregulated mRNAs and 5 lncRNAs as candidate genes, which affected multiple cancer-related pathways and influenced patients' overall survival. By combined bioinformatics analysis, we further identified a potential driver lncRNA fetal-lethal non-coding developmental regulatory RNA (FENDRR) and proposed its possible regulation mechanism. The low expression of FENDRR was positively correlated with Krüppel-like factor4 (KLF4), KLF4 down-regulation may loss the activation function of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1C (CDKN1C) and the inhibition function of CyclinB1 (CCNB1), eventually cause excessive cell cycle activation and lead to lung cancer. This study revealed a potential FENDRR-KLF4-cell cycle regulation axis. These results lay an important foundation for further research on the pathogenesis of LCXW and identification of potential novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, China.,Innovation Team of Yunnan Provincial Clinical Laboratory and Diagnosis, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Xing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.,Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, China.,Innovation Team of Yunnan Provincial Clinical Laboratory and Diagnosis, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, China.,Innovation Team of Yunnan Provincial Clinical Laboratory and Diagnosis, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kunming Third People's Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Cheng-Jun Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, China.,Innovation Team of Yunnan Provincial Clinical Laboratory and Diagnosis, Kunming, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, China.,Innovation Team of Yunnan Provincial Clinical Laboratory and Diagnosis, Kunming, China
| | - Yan-Liang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, China.,Innovation Team of Yunnan Provincial Clinical Laboratory and Diagnosis, Kunming, China
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30
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Dong B, Yi M, Luo S, Li A, Wu K. RDGN-based predictive model for the prognosis of breast cancer. Exp Hematol Oncol 2020; 9:13. [PMID: 32550045 PMCID: PMC7294607 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-020-00169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy in females in the United States. The members of retinal determination gene network (RDGN) including DACH, EYA, as well as SIX families participate in the proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis of multiple tumors including breast cancer. A comprehensive predictive model of RDGN might be helpful to herald the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Methods In this study, the Gene Expression Ominibus (GEO) and Gene Set Expression Analysis (GSEA) algorithm were used to investigate the effect of RDGN members on downstream signaling pathways. Besides, based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we explored the expression patterns of RDGN members in tumors, normal tissues, and different breast cancer subtypes. Moreover, we estimated the relationship between RDGN members and the outcomes of breast cancer patients. Lastly, we constructed a RDGN-based predictive model by Cox proportional hazard regression and verified the model in two separate GEO datasets. Results The results of GSEA showed that the expression of DACH1 was negatively correlated with cell cycle and DNA replication pathways. On the contrary, the levels of EYA2 and SIX1 were significantly positively correlated with DNA replication, mTOR, and Wnt pathways. Further investigation in TCGA database indicated that DACH1 expression was lower in breast cancers especially basal-like subtype. In the meanwhile, SIX1 was remarkably upregulated in breast cancers while EYA2 level was increased in Basal-like and Her-2 enriched subtypes. Survival analyses demonstrated that DACH1 was a favorable factor while EYA2 and SIX1 were risk factors for breast cancer patients. Given the results of Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, two members of RDGN were involved in the present predictive model and patients with high model index had poorer outcomes. Conclusion This study showed that aberrant RDGN expression was an unfavorable factor for breast cancer. This RDGN-based comprehensively framework was meaningful for predicting the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Dong
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
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31
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Tan Q, Wang D, Yang J, Xing P, Yang S, Li Y, Qin Y, He X, Liu Y, Zhou S, Duan H, Liang T, Wang H, Wang Y, Jiang S, Zhao F, Zhong Q, Zhou Y, Wang S, Dai J, Yao J, Wu D, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Han X, Yu X, Shi Y. Autoantibody profiling identifies predictive biomarkers of response to anti-PD1 therapy in cancer patients. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:6399-6410. [PMID: 32483460 PMCID: PMC7255026 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapy, yet many patients fail to respond. Thus, the identification of accurate predictive biomarkers of therapy response will improve the clinical benefit of anti-PD1 therapy. Method: We assessed the baseline serological autoantibody (AAb) profile against ~2300 proteins in 10 samples and ~4600 proteins in 35 samples with alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and lymphoma using Nucleic Acid Programmable Protein Arrays (NAPPA). 23 selected potential AAb biomarkers were verified using simple, affordable and rapid enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) technology with baseline plasma samples from 12 ASPS, 16 NSCLC and 46 lymphoma patients. SIX2 and EIF4E2 AAbs were further validated in independent cohorts of 17 NSCLC and 43 lymphoma patients, respectively, using ELISA. The IgG subtypes in response to therapy were also investigated. Results: Distinct AAb profiles between ASPS, NSCLC and lymphoma were observed. In ASPS, the production of P53 and PD1 AAbs were significantly increased in non-responders (p=0.037). In NSCLC, the SIX2 AAb was predictive of response with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.87, 0.85 and 0.90 at 3 months, 4.5 months, 6 months evaluation time points, respectively. In the validation cohort, the SIX2 AAb was consistently up-regulated in non-responders (p=0.024). For lymphoma, the EIF4E2 AAb correlated with a favorable response with AUCs of 0.68, 0.70, and 0.70 at 3 months, 4.5 months, and 6 months, respectively. In the validation cohort, the AUCs were 0.74, 0.75 and 0.66 at 3 months, 4.5 months, and 6 months, respectively. The PD1 and PD-L1 IgG2 AAbs were highly produced in ~20% of lymphoma responders. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis revealed antigen functions of these AAb biomarkers. Conclusion: This study provides the first evidence that AAb biomarkers selected using high-throughput protein microarrays can predict anti-PD1 therapeutic response and guide anti-PD1 therapy.
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Yu S, Yi M, Xu L, Qin S, Li A, Wu K. CXCL1 as an Unfavorable Prognosis Factor Negatively Regulated by DACH1 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1515. [PMID: 31998654 PMCID: PMC6966305 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Interaction between cancer cells with microenvironment is essential for cancer progression, therapeutic resistance and prognosis. Chemokine CXCL1 shows variable roles in the development of cancers. DACH1 has been considered as a tumor suppressor and represses the expressions of several chemokines. The relationship between CXCL1 and DACH1 in non-small cell lung cancer (SCLC) deserves further investigation. Methods: Immunohistochemistry staining was performed on tumor tissue microarrays from lung cancer patients to detect CXCL1 protein. The CXCL1 concentration in the serum of adenocarcinoma patients was measured by ELISA. The CXCL1 protein secreted by cancer cell lines was detected by SearchLight proteome array and human cytokine antibody array. The meta-analysis of CXCL1 expression form public databases was performed and correlation between CXCL1 and DACH1 was analyzed. Moreover, the association between clinicopathological features and prognosis with CXCL1 and DACH1 was analyzed by tissue array and KM-plotter from public database. Results: The protein abundance of CXCL1 in lung cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues. CXCL1 was closely related to TNM stage, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis and predicted worse overall survival in adenocarcinoma. The level of CXCL1 in the peripheral blood of adenocarcinoma patients also significantly elevated and positively related with clinical stage. The meta-analysis demonstrated that CXCL1 mRNA level was increased in lung cancer tissues and high level of CXCL1 indicated tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, public database analyses showed that CXCL1 negatively correlated with DACH1. Stable overexpressing DACH1 in cultured lung cancer cells remarkably decreased CXCL1 protein. Moreover, ectopic expression of DACH1 significantly inhibited the expression of CXCL1, Ki67, and cyclin D1 in tumor tissues compared with A549 cells with empty vector. Survival analysis showed that high CXCL1 and low DACH1 indicated poor overall survival and progression-free survival. Conclusion: CXCL1 is closely associated with tumor progression and poor survival. DACH1 significantly inhibits the expression of CXCL1 and indicates good prognosis. Therefore, combined detection of CXCL1 and DACH1 could more precisely predict prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Linping Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Sun X, Ma J, Chen Q, Hou Z, Luo X, Wang G, Wang J, Hu J, Cao Z. SIX4 promotes metastasis through STAT3 activation in breast cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:224-236. [PMID: 32064163 PMCID: PMC7017731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sine oculis homeobox homolog 4 (SIX4), a member of the SIX family, play important role in the development and construction of vertebrate tissues and organs. There is very little known about the function of SIX4 in cancer cells. Herein, we investigated whether SIX4 promote cancer metastasis in addition to its direct role in breast cancer cells. Our study showed that the expression of SIX4 was profoundly increased in breast cancer tissues, and the high expression of SIX4 correlated strongly with distant metastasis and poor prognosis. Functional experiments demonstrated that SIX4 obviously promoted the cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, and up-regulated the expression of EMT mesenchymal marker, down-regulated the epithelial molecules by Snai1 induction in vitro. Moreover, SIX4 knockdown significant suppressed breast cancer lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, SIX4 directly interacted with STAT3 and promoted the phosphorylated STAT3 nuclear translocation, thereby inducing EMT program activation. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that SIX4 may be a promising target for intervention to prevent cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Sun
- Department of GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Pathology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqi 830001, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Qianzhi Chen
- Department of GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhenlin Hou
- Department of GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xuelai Luo
- Department of GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Guihua Wang
- Department of GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Junbo Hu
- Department of GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zhixin Cao
- Department of GI Cancer Research Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, Hubei, P. R. China
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Qin S, Yi M, Jiao D, Li A, Wu K. Distinct Roles of VEGFA and ANGPT2 in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:153-167. [PMID: 31892982 PMCID: PMC6930396 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2) are key mediators in angiogenesis. The expression and clinical significance of VEGFA and ANGPT2 have been investigated in lung cancer, but the results are controversial. The specific roles of VEGFA and ANGPT2 in adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SQC) are still not fully understood. To characterize it, we conducted the current study. Materials and Methods: The relationships between clinic-pathological characteristics and the protein expressions of VEGFA and ANGPT2 were analyzed on tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Then public databases were used to evaluate the association of VEGFA and ANGPT2 mRNA expressions with clinic-pathological parameters and prognosis. Cobalt chloride (CoCl2) was adopted to mimic a hypoxic microenvironment and western blot was used to detect the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), VEGFA and ANGPT2 in lung cancer cell lines. Results: IHC staining revealed that the expressions of VEGFA and ANGPT2 were enriched in lung cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Additionally, both VEGFA and ANGPT2 protein levels were significantly associated with the tumor size and lymph node metastasis only in ADC, not SQC. More importantly, increased VEGFA and ANGPT2 protein levels were negatively correlated with overall survival (OS) of ADC individuals. Meta-analyses of 22 gene expression omnibus (GEO) databases of lung cancer implicated that patients with higher VEGFA and ANGPT2 mRNA expressions tended to have advanced stage in ADC rather than SQC. Kaplan-Meier plot analyses further verified that high levels of VEGFA and ANGPT2 mRNA were associated with poor survival only in ADC. Moreover, the combination of VEGFA and ANGPT2 could more precisely predict prognosis in ADC. In hypoxia-mimicking conditions, induced expression of HIF-1α unregulated VEGFA and ANGPT2 proteins abundance. Conclusion: Our results showed hypoxia upregulated the protein levels of VEGFA and ANGPT2 in lung cancer cell lines, and the roles of VEGFA and ANGPT2 were distinct in ADC and SQC. Combined detections of VEGFA and ANGPT2 may be valuable prognostic biomarkers for ADC and double block of VEGFA and ANGPT2 may improve therapeutic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Anping Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
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Wang X, Su R, Guo Q, Liu J, Ruan B, Wang G. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothetic model based on comprehensive analysis of long non-coding RNA expression in lung adenocarcinoma. PeerJ 2019; 7:e8024. [PMID: 31720124 PMCID: PMC6842565 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major subtype of lung cancer with high malignancy and bad prognosis, consisted of lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinomas (LUSC) chiefly. Multiple studies have indicated that competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network centered long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate gene expression and the progression of various cancers. However, the research about lncRNAs-mediated ceRNA network in LUAD is still lacking. Methods In this study, we analyzed the RNA-seq database from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and obtained dysregulated lncRNAs in NSCLC, then further identified survival associated lncRNAs through Kaplan–Meier analysis. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to confirm their expression in LUAD tissues and cell lines. The ceRNA networks were constructed based on DIANA-TarBase and TargetScan databases and visualized with OmicShare tools. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to investigate the potential function of ceRNA networks. Results In total, 1,437 and 1,699 lncRNAs were found to be up-regulated in LUAD and LUSC respectively with 895 lncRNAs overlapping (|log2FC| > 3, adjusted P value <0.01). Among which, 222 lncRNAs and 46 lncRNAs were associated with the overall survival (OS) of LUAD and LUSC, and 18 out of 222 up-regulated lncRNAs were found to have inverse correlation with LUAD patients’ OS (|log2FC| > 3, adjusted P value < 0.02). We selected 3 lncRNAs (CASC8, LINC01842 and VPS9D1-AS1) out of these 18 lncRNAs and confirmed their overexpression in lung cancer tissues and cells. CeRNA networks were further constructed centered CASC8, LINC01842 and VPS9D1-AS1 with 3 miRNAs and 100 mRNAs included respectively. Conclusion Through comprehensively analyses of TCGA, our study identified specific lncRNAs as candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for LUAD. The novel ceRNA network we created provided more insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Wang
- Department of The First Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Rui Su
- College of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiqiang Guo
- Institute of Translational Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Banlai Ruan
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Guiling Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Yeh HW, Lee SS, Chang CY, Lang YD, Jou YS. A New Switch for TGFβ in Cancer. Cancer Res 2019; 79:3797-3805. [PMID: 31300476 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The TGFβ cytokine plays dichotomous roles during tumor progression. In normal and premalignant cancer cells, the TGFβ signaling pathway inhibits proliferation and promotes cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. However, the activation of this pathway in late-stage cancer cells could facilitate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, stemness, and mobile features to enhance tumorigenesis and metastasis. The opposite functions of TGFβ signaling during tumor progression make it a challenging target to develop anticancer interventions. Nevertheless, the recent discovery of cellular contextual determinants, especially the binding partners of the transcription modulators Smads, is critical to switch TGFβ responses from proapoptosis to prometastasis. In this review, we summarize the recently identified contextual determinants (such as PSPC1, KLF5, 14-3-3ζ, C/EBPβ, and others) and the mechanisms of how tumor cells manage the context-dependent autonomous TGFβ responses to potentiate tumor progression. With the altered expression of some contextual determinants and their effectors during tumor progression, the aberrant molecular prometastatic switch might serve as a new class of theranostic targets for developing anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Wen Yeh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Shuo Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Dong Lang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Shan Jou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β) is a transcription factor belonging to the HNF-1 family and has been implicated in a number of cancers, but its role in Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma) has not been addressed. Here, we compared its expression between Wilms' tumor patient kidney tissue and adjacent tissue based on the Oncomine database ( www.oncomine.com ). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and HNF1β expression level were analyzed in Wilms' tumor-derived G401 cells. Using a variety of mouse tissues (lung, heart, kidney, etc.), we found that HNF1β is the highest expression in the kidneys. Oncomine analysis further demonstrated that HNF1β has a lower expression in Wilms' tumor tissue than in paracancerous tissues. Overexpression of HNF1β decreased cell proliferation and migration, but promoted cell apoptosis. Knockdown of HNF1β produced the opposite results. These results indicated that HNF1β may play important roles in kidney development and function, and its activation may negatively regulate Wilms' tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Liu
- The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Quist Kanyomse
- The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Yajun Xie
- The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, the College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , P. R. China
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Wang R, Feng N, Wang Y, Gao S, Zhang F, Qian Y, Gao M, Yu H, Zhou B, Qian B. SNPs in LncRNA genes are associated with non-small cell lung cancer in a Chinese population. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22858. [PMID: 30980423 PMCID: PMC6528608 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has indicated that single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) in the regions encoding non‐coding transcripts are associated with lung cancer susceptibility. In a previous microarray study, we identified 13 differentially expressed long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and associations of SNPs in these lncRNA genes with lung cancer were unknown. We conducted a case‐control study to address this issue. Methods Using the TaqMan method, we genotyped 17 SNPs located in the 13 lncRNA genes in 1294 cases with NSCLC and 1729 healthy controls. Unconditional logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to analyze the associations of these SNPs with NSCLC risk and patient survival, respectively. These analyses were also repeated in subgroups of cases and controls stratified by gender, age group, smoking status, disease stage, and histological type. Results We identified three SNPs associated with NSCLC risk. For SNP rs498238, CC genotype was associated with lower risk compared to TT genotype (adjusted OR = 0.33, 95%CI: 0.11‐0.97, P = 0.043). For rs16901995, CT/TT genotypes were associated with lower risk compared to CC genotype in non‐smokers (adjusted OR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.62‐0.98, P = 0.035). Variant genotypes in rs219741 were associated with NSCLC risk in young patients, and the adjusted OR was 1.47 (95%CI: 1.03‐2.10, P = 0.033) when compared to the wild genotype. No SNPs were found to be associated with patient overall survival in the study. Conclusion The study suggests that some genetic polymorphisms in the lncRNA genes may influence the risk of NSCLC among Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyang Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Nannan Feng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Sumeng Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Qian
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Baosen Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Biyun Qian
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Zheng L, Guo Q, Xiang C, Liu S, Jiang Y, Gao L, Ni H, Wang T, Zhao Q, Liu H, Xing Y, Wang Y, Li X, Xi T. Transcriptional factor six2 promotes the competitive endogenous RNA network between CYP4Z1 and pseudogene CYP4Z2P responsible for maintaining the stemness of breast cancer cells. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:23. [PMID: 30832689 PMCID: PMC6399913 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-019-0697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The expression of CYP4Z1 and the pseudogene CYP4Z2P has been shown to be specifically increased in breast cancer by our group and others. Additionally, we previously revealed the roles of the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network mediated by these genes (ceRNET_CC) in breast cancer angiogenesis, apoptosis, and tamoxifen resistance. However, the roles of ceRNET_CC in regulating the stemness of breast cancer cells and the mechanisms through which ceRNET_CC is regulated remain unclear. Methods Transcriptional factor six2, CYP4Z1-3′UTR, and CYP4Z2P-3′UTR were stably overexpressed or knocked down in breast cancer cells via lentivirus infection. ChIP-sequencing and RNA-sequencing analysis were performed to reveal the mechanism through which ceRNET_CC is regulated and the transcriptome change mediated by ceRNET_CC. Clinical samples were used to validate the correlation between six2 and ceRNET_CC. Finally, the effects of the six2/ceRNET_CC axis on the stemness of breast cancer cells and chemotherapy sensitivity were evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results We revealed that ceRNET_CC promoted the stemness of breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, six2 activated ceRNET_CC by directly binding to their promoters, thus activating the downstream PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 pathways. Finally, we demonstrated that the six2/ceRNET_CC axis was involved in chemoresistance. Conclusions Our results uncover the mechanism through which ceRNET_CC is regulated, identify novel roles for the six2/ceRNET_CC axis in regulating the stemness of breast cancer cells, and propose the possibility of targeting the six2/ceRNET_CC axis to inhibit breast cancer stem cell (CSC) traits. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-019-0697-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufeng Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Chenxi Xiang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuzhang Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huai An First People's Hospital, Huai An, 223300, China
| | - Lanlan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haiwei Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qiong Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yingying Xing
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Tao Xi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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D'Almeida O, Mothar O, Bondzie EA, Lieumo Y, Tagne L, Gupta S, Volkert T, Levine S, Tagne JB. Encapsulated miR-200c and Nkx2.1 in a nuclear/mitochondria transcriptional regulatory network of non-metastatic and metastatic lung cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:136. [PMID: 30744585 PMCID: PMC6371494 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are noncoding RNA molecules of ~ 22 nucleotides with diagnostic and therapeutic action [Curr Drug Targets, 2015. 16(12): p. 1381-403], affecting the expression of mRNAs involved in invasion, migration, and development [Oncotarget, 2015. 6(9): p. 6472-98, Cancer Manag Res, 2014. 6: p. 205-16]. miR-200c is part of the miR-200c/141 cluster on chromosome 12p13. Its mechanism of action when encapsulated is critical in lung cancer when patients express changes in miRNAs. miR-200c be a potential biomarkers for various lung diseases. As a potential therapy, miR-200c can impacts lives as target lung cancer is a leading cause of death with about 234,000 cases annually, high heterogeneity, complex screening, and a 5-year survival rate of 16% [CA Cancer J Clin, 2016.66(1): p. 7-30]. Encapsulated miR-200c efficiently enhances bioavailability, pharmacokinetics of therapeutics and targeting to cells, improves efficacy and provides potential cure. METHODS The functions of miR-200c were determined in non-metastatic KW-634 and metastatic 821-T4 and 821-LN mouse lung cancer cell lines after various Nano vehicle treatments. Viability and cytotoxicity were determined by cell cycle and quantitative real-time PCR analyses were used to quantify levels of miR-200c and its target genes. In situ hybridization was used to visualize patterns of expression of miR-200c and others in the lung and many organs. Next-generation sequencing accession number GSE125000, invasion and migration assays using transwell chambers, and ActivSignal were used to elucidate the activation and inhibition profiles and perform direct expression measurements and modification of cellular components. RESULTS Due to their effectiveness as intracellular vesicles transporting miR-200c into, out, and between parts of the cells, miR-200c is encapsulated with cholesterol, an integral part of the biological membranes with very important physical properties of the vehicle. Nano miR-200c showed efficient cellular uptake in KW-634, 821-T4, and 821-LN cells with important changes in gene expression and new isoforms. In KW-634, when treated with encapsulated miR-200c and compare to the non-encapsulated control; miR-29b increased by 5261-fold, and in 821-T4/LN, miR-1247 increased by 150-fold. Conversely, miR-1247 and miR-675 decreased by 348 and 1029.5-fold, respectively. miR-189 decreased by 34-fold in treated 821-T4 cells. A reduction of growth was observed only after 48 h of treatment with Nano miR-200c. Moreover, labeling the vehicle with carboxy-fluorescein showed that the encapsulated particles enter the nucleus and mitochondria. Encapsulated miR-200c by entering the cells, the nucleus and mitochondria, trigger changes in cell cycle phases with 4 up to 12 fold percentage in G2 and S phase respectively compare to miR-200c. Endogenous expression of Nkx2.1, miR-200c, and their targets Myb, Nfib, Six4 and Six1 showed an inverse correlation, as observed in development. CONCLUSIONS Little is known about miR-200c involvement in regulatory processes. Nano miR-200c affects invasion and migration mechanisms. The expression of encapsulated miR-200c contributes to the inhibition/activation of Kras, EMT, Hippo, regulatory pathways and blockers of metastasis. Delivery of miR-200c increases the expression of miR-29b, an EMY regulator, and miR-1247, an inhibitor of cancer genes, both tumor suppressors involved in lung metastasis. Encapsulated miR-200c act on different proteins that regulates cell cycle pathways. These findings represent a part of a regulatory network providing new insights towards improvement of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga D'Almeida
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), East Concord Street R304, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.,Faculté de Pharmacie, Université D'Auvergne, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - Omar Mothar
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), East Concord Street R304, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Esther Apraku Bondzie
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), East Concord Street R304, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Yolande Lieumo
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), East Concord Street R304, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Laure Tagne
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), East Concord Street R304, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (WIBR), Nine Cambridge Center Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Thomas Volkert
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research (WIBR), Nine Cambridge Center Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Stuart Levine
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jean-Bosco Tagne
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), East Concord Street R304, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
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Transcriptome profiling of caspase-2 deficient EμMyc and Th-MYCN mouse tumors identifies distinct putative roles for caspase-2 in neuronal differentiation and immune signaling. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:56. [PMID: 30670683 PMCID: PMC6343006 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1296-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-2 is a highly conserved cysteine protease with roles in apoptosis and tumor suppression. Our recent findings have also demonstrated that the tumor suppression function of caspase-2 is context specific. In particular, while caspase-2 deficiency augments lymphoma development in the EμMyc mouse model, it leads to delayed neuroblastoma development in Th-MYCN mice. However, it is unclear how caspase-2 mediates these differential outcomes. Here we utilized RNA sequencing to define the transcriptomic changes caused by caspase-2 (Casp2−/−) deficiency in tumors from EμMyc and Th-MYCN mice. We describe key changes in both lymphoma and neuroblastoma-associated genes and identified differential expression of the EGF-like domain-containing gene, Megf6, in the two tumor types that may contribute to tumor outcome following loss of Casp2. We identified a panel of genes with altered expression in Th-MYCN/Casp2−/− tumors that are strongly associated with neuroblastoma outcome, with roles in melanogenesis, Wnt and Hippo pathway signaling, that also contribute to neuronal differentiation. In contrast, we found that key changes in gene expression in the EμMyc/Casp2−/− tumors, are associated with increased immune signaling and T-cell infiltration previously associated with more aggressive lymphoma progression. In addition, Rap1 signaling pathway was uniquely enriched in Casp2 deficient EμMyc tumors. Our findings suggest that Casp2 deficiency augments immune signaling pathways that may be in turn, enhance lymphomagenesis. Overall, our study has identified new genes and pathways that contribute to the caspase-2 tumor suppressor function and highlight distinct roles for caspase-2 in different tissues.
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42
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Ren ZP, Hou XB, Tian XD, Guo JT, Zhang LB, Xue ZQ, Deng JQ, Zhang SW, Pan JY, Chu XY. Identification of nine microRNAs as potential biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:315-327. [PMID: 30761256 PMCID: PMC6356168 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading global cause of cancer‐related death, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for ~ 50% of lung cancer. Here, we screened for novel and specific biomarkers of LUAD by searching for differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and microRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in LUAD patient expression data within The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The identified optimal diagnostic miRNA biomarkers were used to establish classification models (including support vector machine, decision tree, and random forest) to distinguish between LUAD and adjacent tissues. We then predicted the targets of identified optimal diagnostic miRNA biomarkers, functionally annotated these target genes, and performed receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the respective DEmiRNA biomarkers, their target DEmRNAs, and combinations of DEmiRNA biomarkers. We validated the expression of selected DEmiRNA biomarkers by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). In all, we identified a total of 13 DEmiRNAs, 2301 DEmRNAs and 232 DEmiRNA–target DEmRNA pairs between LUAD and adjacent tissues and selected nine DEmiRNAs (hsa‐mir‐486‐1, hsa‐mir‐486‐2, hsa‐mir‐153, hsa‐mir‐210, hsa‐mir‐9‐1, hsa‐mir‐9‐2, hsa‐mir‐9‐3, hsa‐mir‐577, and hsa‐mir‐4732) as optimal LUAD‐specific biomarkers with great diagnostic value. The predicted targets of these nine DEmiRNAs were significantly enriched in transcriptional misregulation in cancer and central carbon metabolism. Our qRT‐PCR results were generally consistent with our integrated analysis. In summary, our study identified nine DEmiRNAs that may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers of LUAD. Functional annotation of their target DEmRNAs may provide information on their roles in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Xiao-Bin Hou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Xiao-Dong Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Jun-Tang Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Lian-Bin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Jian-Qing Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Shao-Wei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Jun-Yi Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
| | - Xiang-Yang Chu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing China
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43
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Bai X, Yi M, Xia X, Yu S, Zheng X, Wu K. Progression and prognostic value of ECT2 in non-small-cell lung cancer and its correlation with PCNA. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:4039-4050. [PMID: 30319288 PMCID: PMC6167987 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s170033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, which is involved in cell division regulation and cell cycle modulation. Recent evidence indicates that ECT2 is overexpressed in many human cancers. However, the exact prognostic value of ECT2 in lung cancer has not been elucidated. Patients and methods In the current study, we performed correlation and prognosis analyses using public databases and conducted immunohistochemical staining in tissue microarrays, using samples from 204 lung cancer patients with survival data. Results We found that the expression of ECT2 was markedly increased in lung cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Moreover, we demonstrated that the expression of ECT2 was related to tumor cell differentiation degree, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and prognosis in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A correlation analysis indicated that ECT2 levels were significantly correlated with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) levels in NSCLC. Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier analyses revealed that high ECT2 expression was associated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC patients. Conclusion Taken together, these results indicate that the overexpression of ECT2 contributes to tumor invasion and progression, suggesting that ECT2 is a potential prognostic marker for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianguang Bai
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xichao Xia
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China,
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Zheng J, Wang L, Cheng Z, Pei Z, Zhang Z, Li Z, Zhang X, Yan D, Xia Q, Feng Y, Song Y, Chen W, Zhang X, Xu J, Wang J. Molecular Changes of Lung Malignancy in HIV Infection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13128. [PMID: 30177858 PMCID: PMC6120915 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignancy of the lung is a major source of morbidity and mortality in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection; as the most prevalent non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-defining malignancy, it represents an important and growing problem confronting HIV-infected patients. To evaluate the molecular changes of lung malignancy in HIV infection, we analyzed differential gene expression profiles and screened for early detection biomarkers of HIV-associated lung cancer using Affymetrix arrays and IPA analysis. A total of 59 patients were diagnosed with HIV-associated lung cancer from Jan 2010 to May 2018. The primary outcome was a significant difference in survival outcome between stages III-IV (10.46 ± 1.87 months) and I-II (17.66 ± 2.88 months). We identified 758 differentially expressed genes in HIV-associated lung cancer. The expression levels of SIX1 and TFAP2A are specifically increased in HIV-associated lung cancer and are associated with poorly differentiated tumor tissue. We also found decreased ADH1B, INMT and SYNPO2 mRNA levels in HIV lung cancer. A comprehensive network and pathway analysis of the dysregulated genes revealed that these genes were associated with four network functions and six canonical pathways relevant to the development of HIV-associated lung cancer. The molecular changes in lung malignancy may help screen the growing population of HIV patients who have or will develop this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Zheng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zenghui Cheng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China.,Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zenglin Pei
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zehuan Li
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianlin Xia
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Feng
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yanzheng Song
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Chen
- Microarray Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, 2901 Caolang Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China.
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Song Q, Ji Q, Xiao J, Li F, Wang L, Chen Y, Xu Y, Jiao S. miR-409 Inhibits Human Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Progression by Directly Targeting SPIN1. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 13:154-163. [PMID: 30290307 PMCID: PMC6171160 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancers, the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, are characterized by a high metastatic potential. Growing evidence reveals that Spindlin 1 (SPIN1) is involved in tumor progression and carcinogenesis. However, the role of SPIN1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the molecular mechanisms underlying SPIN1 in human NSCLC remain undetermined. Here we examined the function of SPIN1 in human NSCLC and found that the expression of SPIN1 was closely correlated with the overall survival and poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. Aberrant regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has an important role in cancer progression. We revealed that miR-409 inhibits the expression of SPIN1 by binding directly to the 3′ UTR of SPIN1 using dual-luciferase reporter assays. Overexpression of miR-409 significantly suppressed cell migration, growth, and proliferation by inhibiting SPIN1 in vitro and in vivo. SPIN1 overexpression in miR-409-transfected NSCLC cells effectively rescued the suppression of cell migration, growth, and proliferation regulated by miR-409. miR-409 regulates the PI3K/AKT (protein kinase B) pathway in NSCLC. Moreover, clinical data showed that NSCLC patients with high levels of miR-409 experienced significantly better survival. miR-409 expression was also negatively associated with SPIN1 expression. Taken together, these findings highlight that the miR-409/SPIN1 axis is a useful pleiotropic regulatory network and could predict the metastatic potential in NSCLC patients early, indicating the possibility that miR-409 and SPIN1 might be attractive prognostic markers for treating NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Song
- Department of Oncology, Division of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Quanbo Ji
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Fang Li
- Department of Oncology, Division of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Lingxiong Wang
- Key Lab of the Cancer Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Key Lab of the Cancer Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yameng Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shunchang Jiao
- Department of Oncology, Division of Internal Medicine, General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China.
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Liu Q, Li A, Yu S, Qin S, Han N, Pestell RG, Han X, Wu K. DACH1 antagonizes CXCL8 to repress tumorigenesis of lung adenocarcinoma and improve prognosis. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:53. [PMID: 29636079 PMCID: PMC5894143 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C-X-C motif ligand 8 (CXCL8), known as a proinflammatory chemokine, exerts multiple effects on the proliferation, invasion, and migration of tumor cells via the autocrine or paracrine manner. Conversely, the human Dachshund homologue 1 (DACH1) is recognized as a tumor suppressor which retards the progression of various cancers. In prostate cancer, it has been demonstrated that DACH1 was negatively correlated with the expression of CXCL8 and able to antagonize the effects of CXCL8 on cellular migration. Herein, we explored the mechanisms by which DACH1 regulated the CXCL8 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Public microarray and Kaplan-Meier plotter datasets were analyzed. Blood serum samples from lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) patients were collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted on tissue microarray. Cell lines with stable expression of DACH1 were established, and relative gene expression was measured by Western blot, ELISA, real-time PCR, and human cytokine array. Correspondingly, cell lines transfected with shDACH1 were established, and relative gene expression was measured by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence array. Functional studies were performed by transwell and xenograft mice models. Luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to measure the regulation of DACH1 on CXCL8. RESULTS Our study indicated that CXCL8 both at the mRNA and protein level was associated with the high tumor burden of ADC. Correlational analyses in ADC cell lines and ADC tissues showed that DACH1 was inversely correlated with CXCL8. Meanwhile, patients with high DACH1 expression and low CXCL8 expression had prolonged time to death and recurrence. Moreover, we verified the inhibitory effects of DACH1 on CXCL8 both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanism studies proved that DACH1 transcriptionally repressed CXCL8 promoter activity through activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) sites. CONCLUSIONS Our study proved that CXCL8 acted as an unfavorable factor promoting to tumor progression and poor prognosis of ADC, while DACH1 antagonized CXCL8 to provide a favorable survival of ADC patients. Double detection of DACH1 and CXCL8 may provide a precise information for further evaluating the prognosis of ADC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- 0000 0004 1799 5032grid.412793.aDepartment of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Anping Li
- grid.412633.1Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengnan Yu
- 0000 0004 1799 5032grid.412793.aDepartment of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Qin
- 0000 0004 1799 5032grid.412793.aDepartment of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Han
- 0000 0004 1799 5032grid.412793.aDepartment of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Richard G. Pestell
- Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Wynnewood, PA 19096 USA
| | - Xinwei Han
- grid.412633.1Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kongming Wu
- 0000 0004 1799 5032grid.412793.aDepartment of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
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Xu H, Bai X, Yu S, Liu Q, Pestell RG, Wu K. MAT1 correlates with molecular subtypes and predicts poor survival in breast cancer. Chin J Cancer Res 2018; 30:351-363. [PMID: 30046229 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2018.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Menage a trois 1 (MAT1) is a targeting subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase and general transcription factor IIH kinase, which modulates cell cycle, transcription and DNA repair. Its dysregulation is responsible for diseases including cancers. To further explore the role of MAT1 in breast cancer, we investigated the pathways in which MAT1 might be involved, the association between MAT1 and molecular subtypes, and the role of MAT1 in clinical outcomes of breast cancer patients. Methods We conducted immunohistochemistry staining on tissue microarray and immunofluorescence staining on sections of MAT1 stable breast cancer cells. Also, we performed Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, correlation analysis and prognosis analysis on public databases. Results MAT1 was involved in multiple pathways including normal physiology signaling and disease-related signaling. Furthermore, MAT1 positively correlated with the protein status of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor, and was enriched in luminal-type and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-enriched breast cancer in comparison with basal-like subtype at both mRNA and protein levels. Correlation analysis revealed significant association between MAT1 mRNA amount and epithelial markers, mesenchymal markers, cancer stem cell markers, apoptosis markers, transcription markers and oncogenes. Consistently, the results of immunofluorescence stain indicated that MAT1 overexpression enhanced the protein abundance of epidermal growth factor receptor, vimentin, sex determining region Y-box 2 and sine oculis homeobox homolog 1. Importantly, Kaplan-Meier Plotter analysis reflected that MAT1 could serve as a prognostic biomarker predicting worse relapse-free survival and metastasis-free survival. Conclusions MAT1 is correlated with molecular subtypes and is associated with unfavorable prognosis for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Xu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xianguang Bai
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan 467000, China
| | - Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Richard G Pestell
- Pennsylvania Center for Cancer and Regenerative Medicine, Wynnewood, PA 19096, USA
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Zheng Y, Zeng Y, Qiu R, Liu R, Huang W, Hou Y, Wang S, Leng S, Feng D, Yang Y, Wang Y. The Homeotic Protein SIX3 Suppresses Carcinogenesis and Metastasis through Recruiting the LSD1/NuRD(MTA3) Complex. Theranostics 2018; 8:972-989. [PMID: 29463994 PMCID: PMC5817105 DOI: 10.7150/thno.22328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeodomain transcription factor SIX3 was recently reported to be a negative regulator of the Wnt pathway and has an emerging role in cancer. However, how SIX3 contributes to tumorigenesis and metastasis is poorly understood. METHODS We employed affinity purification and mass spectrometry (MS) to identify the proteins physically associated with SIX3. Genome-wide analysis of the SIX3/LSD1/NuRD(MTA3) complex using a chromatin immunoprecipitation-on-chip approach identified a cohort of target genes including WNT1 and FOXC2, which are critically involved in cell proliferation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Also, we used flow cytometry, growth curve analysis, EdU incorporation assay, colony formation assays, trans-well invasion assays, immunohistochemical staining and in vivo bioluminescence assay to investigate the function of SIX3 in tumorigenesis. RESULTS We demonstrate that the SIX3/LSD1/NuRD(MTA3) complex inhibits carcinogenesis in breast cancer cells and suppresses metastasis in breast cancer. SIX3 expression is downregulated in various human cancers and high SIX3 is correlated with improved prognosis. CONCLUSION Our study revealed an important mechanistic link between the loss of function of SIX3 and tumor progression, identified a molecular basis for the opposing actions of MTA1 and MTA3, and may provide new potential prognostic indicators and targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Rongfang Qiu
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ruiqiong Liu
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Wei Huang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yongqiang Hou
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shuai Leng
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Dandan Feng
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yang Yang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yan Wang
- 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Tianjin for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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Wu K, Yu S, Liu Q, Bai X, Zheng X, Wu K. The clinical significance of CXCL5 in non-small cell lung cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:5561-5573. [PMID: 29200871 PMCID: PMC5702175 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s148772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
As a CXC-type chemokine, ENA78/CXCL5 is an important attractant for granulocytes by binding to its receptor CXCR2. Recent studies proved that CXCL5/CXCR2 axis plays an oncogenic role in many human cancers. However, the exact clinical significance of CXCL5 in lung cancer has not been well defined. Here, we found that the serum protein expression of CXCL5 was significantly increased in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared with that in healthy volunteers. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that CXCL5 protein was higher in various lung cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Moreover, CXCL5 expression correlated with histological grade, tumor size, and TNM stage in NSCLC. Elevated CXCL5 protein abundance predicted poor overall survival in adenocarcinoma patients. Further meta-analysis demonstrated that CXCL5 mRNA expression was also positively associated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and worse survival. Kaplan–Meier plot analyses indicated high CXCL5 was associated with short overall survival and progression-free survival. Together, these results indicated that CXCL5 may be a potential biomarker for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongju Wu
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan
| | - Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianguang Bai
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, Henan
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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50
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DACH1 suppresses breast cancer as a negative regulator of CD44. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4361. [PMID: 28659634 PMCID: PMC5489534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dachshund homolog 1 (DACH1), a key cell fate determination factor, contributes to tumorigenesis, invasion, metastasis of human breast neoplasm. However, the exact molecular mechanisms for the anti-tumor roles of DACH1 in breast carcinoma are still lack of extensive understanding. Herein, we utilized immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and public microarray data analysis showing that DACH1 was higher in normal breast, low-grade and luminal-type cancer in comparison with breast carcinoma, high-grade and basal-like tumors respectively. Additionally, both correlation analysis of public databases of human breast carcinoma and IHC analysis of mice xenograft tumors demonstrated that DACH1 inversely related to cancer stem cells (CSCs) markers, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inducers and basal-enriched molecules, while cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) behaved in an opposite manner. Furthermore, mice transplanted tumor model indicated that breast cancer cells Met-1 with up-regulation of DACH1 were endowed with remarkably reduced potential of tumorigenesis. Importantly, meta-analysis of 19 Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases of breast cancer implicated that patients with higher DACH1 expression had prolonged time to death, recurrence and metastasis, while CD44 was a promising biomarker predicting worse overall survival (OS) and metastasis-free survival (MFS). Collectively, our study indicated that CD44 might be a novel target of DACH1 in breast carcinoma.
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