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Jiang K, Wang Q, Chen XL, Wang X, Gu X, Feng S, Wu J, Shang H, Ba X, Zhang Y, Tang K. Nanodelivery Optimization of IDO1 Inhibitors in Tumor Immunotherapy: Challenges and Strategies. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:8847-8882. [PMID: 39220190 PMCID: PMC11366248 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s458086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism plays a vital role in cancer immunity. Indoleamine 2.3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), is a crucial enzyme in the metabolic pathway by which Trp is degraded to kynurenine (Kyn). IDO1-mediated Trp metabolites can inhibit tumor immunity and facilitate immune evasion by cancer cells; thus, targeting IDO1 is a potential tumor immunotherapy strategy. Recently, numerous IDO1 inhibitors have been introduced into clinical trials as immunotherapeutic agents for cancer treatment. However, drawbacks such as low oral bioavailability, slow onset of action, and high toxicity are associated with these drugs. With the continuous development of nanotechnology, medicine is gradually entering an era of precision healthcare. Nanodrugs carried by inorganic, lipid, and polymer nanoparticles (NPs) have shown great potential for tumor therapy, providing new ways to overcome tumor diversity and improve therapeutic efficacy. Compared to traditional drugs, nanomedicines offer numerous significant advantages, including a prolonged half-life, low toxicity, targeted delivery, and responsive release. Moreover, based on the physicochemical properties of these nanomaterials (eg, photothermal, ultrasonic response, and chemocatalytic properties), various combination therapeutic strategies have been developed to synergize the effects of IDO1 inhibitors and enhance their anticancer efficacy. This review is an overview of the mechanism by which the Trp-IDO1-Kyn pathway acts in tumor immune escape. The classification of IDO1 inhibitors, their clinical applications, and barriers for translational development are discussed, the use of IDO1 inhibitor-based nanodrug delivery systems as combination therapy strategies is summarized, and the issues faced in their clinical application are elucidated. We expect that this review will provide guidance for the development of IDO1 inhibitor-based nanoparticle nanomedicines that can overcome the limitations of current treatments, improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, and lead to new breakthroughs in the field of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehua Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Long Chen
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoya Gu
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Feng
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haojie Shang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhuo Ba
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanlong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Tang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China
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Yang R, Qi Y, Kwan W, Du Y, Yan R, Zang L, Yao X, Li C, Zhu Z, Zhang X, Gao H, Cheong IH, Kozlakidis Z, Yu Y. Paired organoids from primary gastric cancer and lymphatic metastasis are useful for personalized medicine. J Transl Med 2024; 22:754. [PMID: 39135062 PMCID: PMC11318189 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organoids are approved by the US FDA as an alternative to animal experiments to guide drug development and for sensitivity screening. Stable organoids models of gastric cancer are desirable for personalized medicine and drug screening. METHODS Tumor tissues from a primary cancer of the stomach and metastatic cancer of the lymph node were collected for 3D culture. By long-term culture for over 50 generations in vitro, we obtained stably growing organoid lines. We analyzed short tandem repeats (STRs) and karyotypes of cancer cells, and tumorigenesis of the organoids in nude mice, as well as multi-omics profiles of the organoids. A CCK8 method was used to determine the drugs sensitivity to fluorouracil (5-Fu), platinum and paclitaxel. RESULTS Paired organoid lines from primary cancer (SPDO1P) and metastatic lymph node (SPDO1LM) were established with unique STRs and karyotypes. The organoid lines resulted in tumorigenesis in vivo and had clear genetic profiles. Compared to SPDO1P from primary cancer, upregulated genes of SPDO1LM from the metastatic lymph node were enriched in pathways of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis with stronger abilities of cell migration, invasion, and pro-angiogenesis. Based on drug sensitivity analysis, the SOX regimen (5-Fu plus oxaliplatin) was used for chemotherapy with an optimal clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS The organoid lines recapitulate the drug sensitivity of the parental tissues. The paired organoid lines present a step-change toward living biobanks for further translational usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Yang
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yao Qi
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhangjiang, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Wingyan Kwan
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yutong Du
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ranlin Yan
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lu Zang
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xuexin Yao
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhangjiang, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Hengjun Gao
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Molecular Medicine, Zhangjiang, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Io Hong Cheong
- Healthy Macau New-Generation Association, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- Laboratory Services and Biobank Group of International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 25 avenue Tony Garnier, LYON CEDEX 07, CS 90627, 69366, France.
| | - Yingyan Yu
- Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Crespo-Bravo M, Hettich A, Thorlacius-Ussing J, Cox TR, Karsdal MA, Willumsen N. Type XII collagen is elevated in serum from patients with solid tumors: a non-invasive biomarker of activated fibroblasts. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:166. [PMID: 39048763 PMCID: PMC11269340 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME) and extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial in cancer research due to their impact on tumor progression. Collagens, major ECM components, regulate cell signaling and behavior. Of the 28 reported collagens, type XII collagen is known to be vital for ECM organization. Over-produced by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), its upregulation correlates with poor survival in various cancers. This study aimed to develop an ELISA for quantifying circulating type XII collagen as a cancer biomarker. A specific ELISA targeting the C-terminal of type XII collagen was developed and used to analyze serum samples from cancer patients (n = 203) and healthy controls (n = 33). Additionally, type XII collagen expression was assessed in CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) from different tissues, both under TGF-β stimulated and non-stimulated conditions. The nordicPRO-C12 ELISA demonstrated robustness and specificity for type XII collagen. PRO-C12 levels were significantly elevated in patients with various cancers compared to healthy controls and effectively distinguished between cancer patients and controls. Findings were validated using gene expression data. Furthermore, Western blot analysis revealed increased type XII collagen expression in both CAFs and NFs upon TGF-β1 stimulation, suggesting a potential role of TGF-β1 in modulating the expression of type XII collagen in cancerous and normal tissue microenvironments. This study unveils a promising avenue for harnessing PRO-C12 as a non-invasive serum biomarker, enabling the quantification of type XII collagen fragments in cancer patients. Further investigations are warranted to explore the potential of PRO-C12 across different cancer types and disease stages, shedding light on its multifaceted role in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Crespo-Bravo
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Annika Hettich
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas R Cox
- Matrix and Metastasis Lab, Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Wiśnicki K, Donizy P, Kuriata-Kordek M, Uchmanowicz I, Zachciał J, Hałoń A, Janczak D, Banasik M. Interstitial Foci Expression of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1: A Potential Biomarker for Kidney Transplant Rejection. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4265. [PMID: 39064305 PMCID: PMC11277928 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13144265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Kidney transplantation is the best therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease, but the risk of rejection complicates it. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), an enzyme involved in immune response modulation, has been suggested to play a role in transplant immunological injury. The aim of the study was to explore the expression of IDO1 in the interstitial foci of transplanted kidneys and its potential association with rejection episodes. (2) Methods: This retrospective study analysed kidney transplant biopsies from 121 patients, focusing on IDO1 expression in interstitial foci. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect IDO1, and patients were categorised based on IDO1 presence (IDO1-IF positive or negative). The incidence of rejection was compared between these groups. (3) Results: Patients with IDO1 expression in interstitial foci (IDO1-IF(+)) exhibited higher incidences of rejection 46/80 (57.5%) vs. 10/41 (24.34%) patients compared to IDO1-IF(-) patients, which was statistically significant with p = 0.0005. The analysis of antibody-mediated rejection showed that IDO1-IF(+) patients developed AMR at 12/80 (15%), while only 1 IDO1-IF(-) negative patient did (2,44%), with p = 0.035. T-cell-mediated rejection was also more common in IDO1-IF(+) patients 43/80 (53.75%) than in IDO1-IF(-) patients 7/41 (17.07%), with p = 0.0001. (4) Conclusions: IDO1 expression in interstitial foci of renal transplant biopsies is associated with a higher incidence of rejection, suggesting that IDO1 could serve as a potential biomarker for transplant rejection. These findings highlight the importance of IDO1 in immune regulation and its potential utility in improving the management of kidney transplant recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Wiśnicki
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.D.); (A.H.)
| | - Magdalena Kuriata-Kordek
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Izabella Uchmanowicz
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.U.); (J.Z.)
| | - Justyna Zachciał
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (I.U.); (J.Z.)
| | - Agnieszka Hałoń
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.D.); (A.H.)
| | - Dariusz Janczak
- Department of Vascular, General and Transplantation Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Mirosław Banasik
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Joruiz SM, Von Muhlinen N, Horikawa I, Gilbert MR, Harris CC. Distinct functions of wild-type and R273H mutant Δ133p53α differentially regulate glioblastoma aggressiveness and therapy-induced senescence. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:454. [PMID: 38937431 PMCID: PMC11211456 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06769-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Despite being mutated in 92% of TP53 mutant cancers, how mutations on p53 isoforms affect their activities remain largely unknown. Therefore, exploring the effect of mutations on p53 isoforms activities is a critical, albeit unexplored area in the p53 field. In this article, we report for the first time a mutant Δ133p53α-specific pathway which increases IL4I1 and IDO1 expression and activates AHR, a tumor-promoting mechanism. Accordingly, while WT Δ133p53α reduces apoptosis to promote DNA repair, mutant R273H also reduces apoptosis but fails to maintain genomic stability, increasing the risks of accumulation of mutations and tumor's deriving towards a more aggressive phenotype. Furthermore, using 2D and 3D spheroids culture, we show that WT Δ133p53α reduces cell proliferation, EMT, and invasion, while the mutant Δ133p53α R273H enhances all three processes, confirming its oncogenic potential and strongly suggesting a similar in vivo activity. Importantly, the effects on cell growth and invasion are independent of mutant full-length p53α, indicating that these activities are actively carried by mutant Δ133p53α R273H. Furthermore, both WT and mutant Δ133p53α reduce cellular senescence in a senescence inducer-dependent manner (temozolomide or radiation) because they regulate different senescence-associated target genes. Hence, WT Δ133p53α rescues temozolomide-induced but not radiation-induced senescence, while mutant Δ133p53α R273H rescues radiation-induced but not temozolomide-induced senescence. Lastly, we determined that IL4I1, IDO1, and AHR are significantly higher in GBMs compared to low-grade gliomas. Importantly, high expression of all three genes in LGG and IL4I1 in GBM is significantly associated with poorer patients' survival, confirming the clinical relevance of this pathway in glioblastomas. These data show that, compared to WT Δ133p53α, R273H mutation reorientates its activities toward carcinogenesis and activates the oncogenic IL4I1/IDO1/AHR pathway, a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in GBM by combining drugs specifically modulating Δ133p53α expression and IDO1/Il4I1/AHR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien M Joruiz
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalia Von Muhlinen
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Izumi Horikawa
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Curtis C Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Huang J, Wang X, Li N, Fan W, Li X, Zhou Q, Liu J, Li W, Zhang Z, Liu X, Zeng S, Yang H, Tian M, Yang P, Hou S. YY1 Lactylation Aggravates Autoimmune Uveitis by Enhancing Microglial Functions via Inflammatory Genes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308031. [PMID: 38493498 PMCID: PMC11109619 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Activated microglia in the retina are essential for the development of autoimmune uveitis. Yin-Yang 1 (YY1) is an important transcription factor that participates in multiple inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases. Here, an increased YY1 lactylation in retinal microglia within in the experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) group is observed. YY1 lactylation contributed to boosting microglial activation and promoting their proliferation and migration abilities. Inhibition of lactylation suppressed microglial activation and attenuated inflammation in EAU. Mechanistically, cleavage under targets & tagmentation (CUT&Tag) analysis revealed that YY1 lactylation promoted microglial activation by regulating the transcription of a set of inflammatory genes, including STAT3, CCL5, IRF1, IDO1, and SEMA4D. In addition, p300 is identified as the writer of YY1 lactylation. Inhibition of p300 decreased YY1 lactylation and suppressed microglial inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, the results showed that YY1 lactylation promoted microglial dysfunction in autoimmune uveitis by upregulating inflammatory cytokine secretion and boosting cell migration and proliferation. Therapeutic effects can be achieved by targeting the lactate/p300/YY1 lactylation/inflammatory genes axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xiaotang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100005China
| | - Wei Fan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xingran Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Jiangyi Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Wanqian Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Shuhao Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Hui Yang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100730China
| | - Meng Tian
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100730China
| | - Peizeng Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute; Chongqing Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016China
| | - Shengping Hou
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100730China
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Salnikov MY, MacNeil KM, Mymryk JS. The viral etiology of EBV-associated gastric cancers contributes to their unique pathology, clinical outcomes, treatment responses and immune landscape. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1358511. [PMID: 38596668 PMCID: PMC11002251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1358511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a pathogen known to cause a number of malignancies, often taking years for them to develop after primary infection. EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is one such malignancy, and is an immunologically, molecularly and pathologically distinct entity from EBV-negative gastric cancer (EBVnGC). In comparison with EBVnGCs, EBVaGCs overexpress a number of immune regulatory genes to help form an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), have improved prognosis, and overall have an "immune-hot" phenotype. This review provides an overview of the histopathology, clinical features and clinical outcomes of EBVaGCs. We also summarize the differences between the TMEs of EBVaGCs and EBVnGCs, which includes significant differences in cell composition and immune infiltration. A list of available EBVaGC and EBVnGC gene expression datasets and computational tools are also provided within this review. Finally, an overview is provided of the various chemo- and immuno-therapeutics available in treating gastric cancers (GCs), with a focus on EBVaGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Y. Salnikov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Katelyn M. MacNeil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Joe S. Mymryk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
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Yu L, Lu J, Du W. Tryptophan metabolism in digestive system tumors: unraveling the pathways and implications. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:174. [PMID: 38462620 PMCID: PMC10926624 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism plays a crucial role in influencing the development of digestive system tumors. Dysregulation of Trp and its metabolites has been identified in various digestive system cancers, including esophageal, gastric, liver, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. Aberrantly expressed Trp metabolites are associated with diverse clinical features in digestive system tumors. Moreover, the levels of these metabolites can serve as prognostic indicators and predictors of recurrence risk in patients with digestive system tumors. Trp metabolites exert their influence on tumor growth and metastasis through multiple mechanisms, including immune evasion, angiogenesis promotion, and drug resistance enhancement. Suppressing the expression of key enzymes in Trp metabolism can reduce the accumulation of these metabolites, effectively impacting their role in the promotion of tumor progression and metastasis. Strategies targeting Trp metabolism through specific enzyme inhibitors or tailored drugs exhibit considerable promise in enhancing therapeutic outcomes for digestive system tumors. In addition, integrating these approaches with immunotherapy holds the potential to further enhance treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment of Infectious Diseases,, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment of Infectious Diseases,, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
| | - Weibo Du
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis, Treatment of Infectious Diseases,, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.
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9
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Jiang L, Xu X, Yan G, Wu Y, Xi N, Lai Y, Zhang G, Liu Y. Untargeted metabolomics yields insight into extramammary Paget's disease mechanisms. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1319819. [PMID: 38347841 PMCID: PMC10859479 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1319819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) is a rare cutaneous malignancy, commonly affecting the external genitalia and perianal area of the elderly with unclear pathogenesis. Metabolomics provides a novel perspective for uncovering the metabolic mechanisms of a verity of cancers. Materials and methods Here, we explored the metabolome of EMPD using an untargeted strategy. In order to further investigate the potential relationship between metabolites and gene expression, we re-analyzed the gene expression microarray data (GSE117285) using differential expression analysis and functional enrichment analyses. Results Results showed that a total of 896 metabolites were identified and 87 metabolites including 37 upregulated and 50 downregulated significantly in EMPD were sought out. In the following feature selection analyses, four metabolites, namely, cyclopentyl fentanyl-d5, LPI 17:0, guanosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate, kynurenine (KYN, high in EMPD) were identified by both random forest and support vector machine analyses. We then identified 1,079 dysfunctional genes: 646 upregulated and 433 downregulated in EMPD. Specifically, the tryptophan-degrading enzyme including indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2) were also increased. Generally, cancers exhibit a high expression of IDO1 and TDO2 to catabolize tryptophan, generating abundant KYN. Moreover, we also noticed the abnormal activation of sustaining proliferative signaling in EMPD. Conclusion In conclusion, this study was the first to reveal the metabolome profile of EMPD. Our results demonstrate that IDO1/TDO2-initialized KYN metabolic pathway may play a vital role in the development and progression of EMPD, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target for treating EMPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jiang
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Xu
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guorong Yan
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photomedicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhao Wu
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photomedicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningyuan Xi
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxian Lai
- Department of Dermatologic Surgery, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guolong Zhang
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Phototherapy, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Photomedicine, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeqiang Liu
- Skin Cancer Center, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Li C, Yang L, Zhang Y, Hou Q, Wang S, Lu S, Tao Y, Hu W, Zhao L. Integrating single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analyses to develop a cancer-associated fibroblast-derived biomarker for predicting prognosis and therapeutic response in breast cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1307588. [PMID: 38235137 PMCID: PMC10791883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1307588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to the progression and treatment of breast cancer (BRCA); however, risk signatures and molecular targets based on CAFs are limited. This study aims to identify novel CAF-related biomarkers to develop a risk signature for predicting the prognosis and therapeutic response of patients with BRCA. Methods CAF-related genes (CAFRGs) and a risk signature based on these genes were comprehensively analyzed using publicly available bulk and single-cell transcriptomic datasets. Modular genes identified from bulk sequencing data were intersected with CAF marker genes identified from single-cell analysis to obtain reliable CAFRGs. Signature CAFRGs were screened via Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses. Multiple patient cohorts were used to validate the prognosis and therapeutic responsiveness of high-risk patients stratified based on the CAFRG-based signature. In addition, the relationship between the CAFRG-based signature and clinicopathological factors, tumor immune landscape, functional pathways, chemotherapy sensitivity and immunotherapy sensitivity was examined. External datasets were used and sample experiments were performed to examine the expression pattern of MFAP4, a key CAFRG, in BRCA. Results Integrated analyses of single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data as well as prognostic screening revealed a total of 43 prognostic CAFRGs; of which, 14 genes (TLN2, SGCE, SDC1, SAV1, RUNX1, PDLIM4, OSMR, NT5E, MFAP4, IGFBP6, CTSO, COL12A1, CCDC8 and C1S) were identified as signature CAFRGs. The CAFRG-based risk signature exhibited favorable efficiency and accuracy in predicting survival outcomes and clinicopathological progression in multiple BRCA cohorts. Functional enrichment analysis suggested the involvement of the immune system, and the immune infiltration landscape significantly differed between the risk groups. Patients with high CAF-related risk scores (CAFRSs) exhibited tumor immunosuppression, enhanced cancer hallmarks and hyposensitivity to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Five compounds were identified as promising therapeutic agents for high-CAFRS BRCA. External datasets and sample experiments validated the downregulation of MFAP4 and its strong correlation with CAFs in BRCA. Conclusions A novel CAF-derived gene signature with favorable predictive performance was developed in this study. This signature may be used to assess prognosis and guide individualized treatment for patients with BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunzhen Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanjie Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianshan Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoteng Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijie Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesia Physiology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyuan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Shang Z, Ma Z, Wu E, Chen X, Tuo B, Li T, Liu X. Effect of metabolic reprogramming on the immune microenvironment in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116030. [PMID: 38128177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with a high mortality rate worldwide, a low early detection rate and a poor prognosis. The rise of metabolomics has facilitated the early detection and treatment of GC. Metabolism in the GC tumor microenvironment (TME) mainly includes glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism, which provide energy and nutrients for GC cell proliferation and migration. Abnormal tumor metabolism can influence tumor progression by regulating the functions of immune cells and immune molecules in the TME, thereby contributing to tumor immune escape. Thus, in this review, we summarize the impact of metabolism on the TME during GC progression. We also propose novel strategies to modulate antitumor immune responses by targeting metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengye Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Enqin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xingzhao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian Road 149, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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12
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Wu Y, Li CS, Meng RY, Jin H, Chai OH, Kim SM. Regulation of Hippo-YAP/CTGF signaling by combining an HDAC inhibitor and 5-fluorouracil in gastric cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 482:116786. [PMID: 38086440 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors diminish carcinogenesis, metastasis, and cancer cell proliferation by inducing death in cancer cells. Tissue regeneration and organ development are highly dependent on the Hippo signaling pathway. Targeting the dysregulated hippo pathway is an excellent approach for cancer treatment. According to the results of this study, the combination of panobinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a chemotherapy drug, can act synergistically to induce apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. The combination of panobinostat and 5-FU was more effective in inhibiting cell viability than either treatment alone by elevating the protein levels of cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-9. By specifically targeting E-cadherin, vimentin, and MMP-9, the combination of panobinostat and 5-FU significantly inhibited cell migration. Additionally, panobinostat significantly increased the anticancer effects of 5-FU by activating Hippo signaling (Mst 1 and 2, Sav1, and Mob1) and inhibiting the Akt signaling pathway. As a consequence, there was a decrease in the amount of Yap protein. The combination therapy of panobinostat with 5-FU dramatically slowed the spread of gastric cancer in a xenograft animal model by deactivating the Akt pathway and supporting the Hippo pathway. Since combination treatment exhibits much higher anti-tumor potential than 5-FU alone, panobinostat effectively potentiates the anti-tumor efficacy of 5-FU. As a result, it is believed that panobinostat and 5-FU combination therapy will be useful as supplemental chemotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Wu
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Cong Shan Li
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruo Yu Meng
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea; Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Hua Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ok Hee Chai
- Department of Anatomy, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Mi Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, 54907, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Wiśnicki K, Donizy P, Hałoń A, Wawrzonkowski P, Janczak D, Krajewska M, Banasik M. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in Kidney Transplantation: A Guardian against Rejection. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7531. [PMID: 38137602 PMCID: PMC10743959 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12247531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney transplantation is a crucial treatment for end-stage kidney disease, with immunosuppressive drugs helping to reduce acute rejection rates. However, kidney graft longevity remains a concern. This study explores the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in kidney transplant immunology. IDO1 breaks down tryptophan, affecting immune cell behavior, primarily T-cells. The research focuses on both cellular and antibody-mediated immune responses, often causing graft damage. The study assessed IDO1 expression in renal transplant biopsies from patients with graft function decline, examining its connection to clinical parameters. A total of 121 biopsy samples were evaluated for IDO1 expression using immunohistochemistry. Patients were categorized as IDO1(+) positive or IDO1(-) negative based on immunoreactivity in tubular epithelium. Results showed a significant link between IDO1 expression and rejection incidence. IDO1(+) positive patients had lower rejection rates (32.9%) compared to IDO1(-) negative ones (62.2%) [p = 0.0017], with substantial differences in antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) (5.2% vs. 20%) [p = 0.0085] and T-cell mediated rejection (TCMR) (31.6% vs. 57.8%). These associations suggest that IDO1 may play a protective role in kidney transplant rejection. IDO1 modulation could offer novel therapeutic avenues to enhance graft survival. The study underscores IDO1 as a potential marker for rejection risk assessment, with its potential applications in personalized interventions and improved patient outcomes. Further research is needed to fully comprehend the mechanisms behind IDO1's immunomodulatory functions and its potential clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Wiśnicki
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.W.); (M.K.)
| | - Piotr Donizy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.D.); (A.H.)
| | - Agnieszka Hałoń
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.D.); (A.H.)
| | - Patryk Wawrzonkowski
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.W.); (M.K.)
| | - Dariusz Janczak
- Department of Vascular, General and Transplantation Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Krajewska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.W.); (M.K.)
| | - Mirosław Banasik
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (P.W.); (M.K.)
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14
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Nie S, Wang A, Chen X, Gong Y, Yuan Y. Microbial-Related Metabolites May Be Involved in Eight Major Biological Processes and Represent Potential Diagnostic Markers in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5271. [PMID: 37958446 PMCID: PMC10649575 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolites associated with microbes regulate human immunity, inhibit bacterial colonization, and promote pathogenicity. Integrating microbe and metabolome research in GC provides a direction for understanding the microbe-associated pathophysiological process of metabolic changes and disease occurrence. The present study included 30 GC patients with 30 cancerous tissues and paired non-cancerous tissues (NCs) as controls. LC-MS/MS metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing were performed to obtain the metabolic and microbial characteristics. Integrated analysis of the microbes and metabolomes was conducted to explore the coexistence relationship between the microbial and metabolic characteristics of GC and to identify microbial-related metabolite diagnostic markers. The metabolic analysis showed that the overall metabolite distribution differed between the GC tissues and the NC tissues: 25 metabolites were enriched in the NC tissues and 42 metabolites were enriched in the GC tissues. The α and β microbial diversities were higher in the GC tissues than in the NC tissues, with 11 differential phyla and 52 differential genera. In the correlation and coexistence integrated analysis, 66 differential metabolites were correlated and coexisted, with specific differential microbes. The microbes in the GC tissue likely regulated eight metabolic pathways. In the efficacy evaluation of the microbial-related differential metabolites in the diagnosis of GC, 12 differential metabolites (area under the curve [AUC] >0.9) exerted relatively high diagnostic efficiency, and the combined diagnostic efficacy of 5 to 6 microbial-related differential metabolites was higher than the diagnostic efficacy of a single feature. Therefore, microbial diversity and metabolite distribution differed between the GC tissues and the NC tissues. Microbial-related metabolites may be involved in eight major metabolism-based biological processes in GC and represent potential diagnostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siru Nie
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; (S.N.); (A.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Ang Wang
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; (S.N.); (A.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; (S.N.); (A.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuehua Gong
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; (S.N.); (A.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Tumor Etiology and Screening Department of Cancer Institute and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; (S.N.); (A.W.); (X.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Education Department, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
- Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Etiology and Prevention in Liaoning Province, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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15
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Harris C, Joruiz S, Von Muhlinen N, Horikawa I, Gilbert M. Distinct functions of wild-type and R273H mutant Δ133p53α differentially regulate glioblastoma aggressiveness and therapy-induced senescence. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3370608. [PMID: 37986881 PMCID: PMC10659536 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3370608/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Mutations effects on p53 isoforms' activities remain largely unknown, although they are mutated in 92% of TP53 mutant cancers. Therefore, exploring the effect of mutations on p53 isoforms activities is a critical, albeit unexplored area in the p53 field. In this article, we report for the first time a mutant Δ133p53α-specific pathway which increases IL4I1 and IDO1 expression and activates AHR, a tumor-promoting mechanism. Accordingly, mutant Δ133p53α R273H increases glioblastoma cancer cells proliferation and invasion while the WT does not. Furthermore, while WT Δ133p53α reduces apoptosis to promote DNA repair, the mutant also reduces apoptosis but fails to maintain genomic stability.Furthermore, both WT and mutant Δ133p53α reduce cellular senescence in a senescence inducer-dependent manner (temozolomide or radiation) because they regulate different senescence-associated target genes. Hence, WT Δ133p53α rescues temozolomide-induced but not radiation-induced senescence, while mutant Δ133p53α R273H rescues radiation-induced but not temozolomide-induced senescence. Lastly, using TCGA data, we determined that IL4I1, IDO1 and AHR are significantly higher in GBMs compared to LGGs. IL4I1 expression is increased in mutant TP53 LGGs and GBMs, although only significantly in LGG. Importantly, high expression of all three genes in LGG and IL4I1 in GBM is significantly associated with poorer patients' survival. These data show that, compared to WT Δ133p53α, R273H mutation reorientates its activities toward carcinogenesis and activates the oncogenic IL4I1/IDO1/AHR pathway, a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in GBM by combining drugs specifically modulating Δ133p53α expression and IDO1/Il4I1/AHR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mark Gilbert
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute
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16
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Zou X, Zhao D, Wen X, Chen F. NLG-919 combined with cisplatin to enhance inhibitory effect on cell migration and invasion via IDO1-Kyn-AhR pathway in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:599-609. [PMID: 37459654 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2023-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
As a common aggressive head and neck cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) received cisplatin treatment as a first-line chemotherapy. Platinum-induced resistance is a major limitation of current treatment strategy in the advanced NPC. Increased indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) activities are found in cisplatin-resistant NPC cells versus cisplatin-sensitive NPC cells. As an IDO1 immunosuppressant, NLG-919 has entered clinical phase I to treat advanced solid tumors. To reverse cisplatin resistance, we investigated the combinatory application of cisplatin and NLG-919 in NPC treatment. In vitro biological studies on cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive NPC cells were taken to imply that the combination of NLG-919 and cisplatin got a stronger impact on the induction of cell apoptosis and the inhibition of cell migration, exploring superior effect of antitumor over single drug. We proved that the mechanism of the combined therapy could inhibit the activity of IDO1, blocking amino acid tryptophan conversion to kynurenine through the kynurenine pathway, which further inhibited the aryl hydrocarbon receptor expression. Our study underscored the combination of cisplatin and NLG-919 as a potent therapeutic way for the reversal of cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zou
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Deming Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Xin Wen
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
| | - Feihong Chen
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, PR China
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17
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Li Q, Yin LK. Comprehensive analysis of disulfidptosis related genes and prognosis of gastric cancer. World J Clin Oncol 2023; 14:373-399. [PMID: 37970110 PMCID: PMC10631345 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v14.i10.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system. Disulfidptosis is a new programmed cell death mechanism, although its specific mechanism in GC is incompletely understood. AIM In this study, we used bioinformatics analysis to explore a disulfidptosis-based predictive model related to GC prognosis and to identify potential therapeutic targets and sensitive drugs for GC. METHODS We extracted GC-related data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. R software (version 4.2.1) was used for correlation analysis. RESULTS Through the above analysis, we found that the disulfidptosis related gene may be related to the prognosis of GC. Six genes, namely, PLS3, GRP, APOD, SGCE, COL8A1, and VAMP7, were found to constitute a predictive model for GC prognosis. APOD is a potential therapeutic target for treating GC. Bosutinib and other drugs are sensitive for the treatment of GC. CONCLUSION The results of this study indicate that disulfidptosis is related to the prognosis and treatment of GC, while APOD represents a potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Oncology, Fushun Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zigong 643200, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Long-Kuan Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fushun People’s Hospital, Zigong 643200, Sichuan Province, China
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18
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Wang S, Yang X, Liu C, Hu J, Yan M, Ding C, Fu Y. Identification of key genes associated with poor prognosis and neoplasm staging in gastric cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35111. [PMID: 37800754 PMCID: PMC10553055 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is highly biologically and genetically heterogeneous disease with poor prognosis. Increasing evidence indicates that biomarkers can serve as prediction and clinical intervention. Therefore, it is vital to identify core molecules and pathways participating in the development of GC. METHODS In this study, GSE54129, GSE56807, GSE63089, and GSE118916 were used for identified overlapped 75 DEGs. GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis showed DEGs mainly enriched in biological process about collagen-containing extracellular matrix and collagen metabolic. Next, protein-protein interaction network was built and the hub gene was excavated. Clinicopathological features and prognostic value were also evaluated. RESULTS Hub genes were shown as below, FN1, COL1A2, COL1A1, COL3A1, COL4A1, COL6A3, COL5A2, SPARC, PDGFRB, COL12A1. Those genes were upregulation in GC and related to the poor prognosis (except COL5A2, P = .73). What is more, high expression indicated worse T stage and tumor, node, metastasis stage in GC patients. Later, the results of 25 GC tumor specimens and 34 normal tissues showed that FN1, COL3A1, COL4A1, SPARC, COL5A2, and COL12A1 were significantly upregulated in cancer samples. CONCLUSION Our study systematically explored the core genes and crucial pathways in GC, providing insights into clinical management and individual treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoshan Wang
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiansheng Yang
- Second Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinlun Hu
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei Yan
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Chan Ding
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Fu
- Department of General Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, The Affiliated Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong, China
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19
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Liu B, Li Y, Xu Y, Xue W, Jin Z. Jian Yun Qing Hua Decoction inhibits malignant behaviors of gastric carcinoma cells via COL12A1 mediated ferroptosis signal pathway. Chin Med 2023; 18:118. [PMID: 37700383 PMCID: PMC10496189 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jian Yun Qing Hua Decoction (JYQHD), a traditional Chinese medicine decoction, which has been applied in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). We attempt to confirm the anti-gastric cancer effect of JYQHD and explore the mechanism of JYQHD. METHODS Acute toxicity test was used to understand the toxicity of JYQHD. We studied the expression and prognostic outcome of COL12A1 within GC tissues through the network databases. Using several web-based databases, we analyzed the major components and targets of JYQHD, as well as known therapeutic targets in gastric cancer. The Venn diagram was utilized to obtain the overlapped genes. Lentiviral vector, shRNAs and plasmids, were used to transfect GC cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), sphere formation, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), Fe2+, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), Western-Blot (WB), and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were employed to investigate the role and mechanism of COL12A1 and JYQHD in GC. RESULTS The results showed that JYQHD was non-toxic and safe. JYQHD inhibited growth and sphere formation ability through inducing the ferroptosis of GC cells, and suppressed the GC cells induced subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth. COL12A1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, indicating poor prognosis. COL12A1 specifically enhanced GC cell progression and stemness via suppressing ferroptosis. JYQHD down-regulated COL12A1 in order to suppress the stemness of GC cells via inducing ferroptosis. CONCLUSION COL12A1 inhibited ferroptosis and enhanced stemness in GC cells. JYQHD inhibited the development of GC cells by inhibiting cancer cell stemness via the ferroptosis pathway mediated by COL12A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxinzi Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Weiwei Xue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Zhichao Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Basson C, Serem JC, Hlophe YN, Bipath P. The tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in immunomodulation and cancer metastasis. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18691-18701. [PMID: 37644823 PMCID: PMC10557908 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The activation of the kynurenine pathway in cancer progression and metastasis through immunomodulatory pathways has drawn attention to the potential for kynurenine pathway inhibition. The activation of the kynurenine pathway, which results in the production of kynurenine metabolites through the degradation of tryptophan, promotes the development of intrinsically malignant properties in cancer cells while facilitating tumour immune escape. In addition, kynurenine metabolites act as biologically active substances to promote cancer development and metastasis. METHODS A literature review was conducted to investigate the role of the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in immunomodulation and cancer metastasis. RESULTS Evidence suggests that several enzymes and metabolites implicated in the kynurenine pathway are overexpressed in various cancers. As such, the tryptophan pathway represents a promising target for cancer treatment. However, downstream signalling pathways, including aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation, have previously induced diverse biological effects in various malignancies, which resulted in either the promotion or the inhibition of metastasis. CONCLUSION As a result, a thorough investigation of the kynurenine pathway and its regulatory mechanisms is necessary in order to properly comprehend the effects of kynurenine pathway activation involved in cancer development and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlise Basson
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - June Cheptoo Serem
- Department of Anatomy, School of MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Yvette Nkondo Hlophe
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Priyesh Bipath
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
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21
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Liu Z, Jin L, Ma Z, Nizhamuding X, Zeng J, Zhang T, Zhang J, Zhou W, Zhang C. Abnormal kynurenine-pathway metabolites in gout: Biomarkers exploration based on orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 549:117531. [PMID: 37673380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate serological characteristics of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites in healthy controls (HC) and gout patients and explore possible differential metabolites. METHODS A total of 191 individual fresh residual sera was collected from 129 HC and 62 gout patients. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was fully validated to measure 6 metabolites, including tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT), kynurenic acid (KA), xanthurenic acid (XA), and neopterin (NEO). Supervised orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and differential metabolite screening with fold change (FC) were performed to identify intrinsic variations and differential levels of KP metabolites between the HC and gout groups. Logistic regression was used to assess the contributions of KP metabolites to gout. RESULTS There were significant decreases of TRP, 5HT, XA, and NEO and increases of KYN, KA, KA/KYN, and KYN/TRP in gout patients compared to the HC group (all p < 0.05). KP metabolites of the gout group showed good discrimination from those of the HC group (Q2: 0.892). Two distinct different metabolites were identified in gout, i.e., XA (FC: 0.56, p < 0.01) and NEO (FC: 0.34, p < 0.01). Of the KP metabolites, KYN was strongly associated with gout (OR: 7.91, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal levels of serum KP metabolites were observed in gout. XA and NEO are promising biomarkers that were relevant to the status of gout. The level of KYN could be an attractive checkpoint for the management of gout. Continuous monitoring of KP metabolism in gout provides new opportunities to predict therapeutic efficacy and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenni Liu
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lizi Jin
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zijia Ma
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaerbanu Nizhamuding
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jie Zeng
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jiangtao Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China
| | - Weiyan Zhou
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China.
| | - Chuanbao Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, PR China; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China.
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22
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Shi X, Li H, Dan Z, Shu C, Zhu R, Yang Q, Wang Y, Zhu H. Melatonin Potentiates Sensitivity to 5-Fluorouracil in Gastric Cancer Cells by Upregulating Autophagy and Downregulating Myosin Light-Chain Kinase. J Cancer 2023; 14:2608-2618. [PMID: 37779875 PMCID: PMC10539390 DOI: 10.7150/jca.85353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil is an effective chemotherapeutic drug for gastric cancer. However, the acquisition of chemotherapeutic resistance remains a challenge in treatment. Melatonin can enhance the therapeutic effect of 5-fluorouracil; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated the effects of combinations of melatonin and 5-fluorouracil on the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Melatonin significantly potentiated the 5-fluorouracil-mediated inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion in gastric cancer cells, which potentiates sensitivity to 5-FU by promoting the activation of Beclin-1-dependent autophagy and targeting the myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) signaling pathway. Previous studies have shown that autophagy might be associated with the MLCK signaling pathway. The autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, effectively rescued the migratory and invasive capabilities of gastric cancer cells, while also reducing expression level of MLCK and the phosphorylation level of MLC. This indicates that autophagy is involved in tumor metastasis, which may be related to inhibition of the MLCK signaling pathway. Our findings indicate that melatonin can improve the effectiveness of 5-fluorouracil in gastric cancer and could be used as a supplemental agent in the treatment of gastric cancer with 5-fluorouracil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhangyong Dan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Chuanlin Shu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Rumeng Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qingling Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Department of Biological Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Huaqing Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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23
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Simon AG, Lyu SI, Laible M, Wöll S, Türeci Ö, Şahin U, Alakus H, Fahrig L, Zander T, Buettner R, Bruns CJ, Schroeder W, Gebauer F, Quaas A. The tight junction protein claudin 6 is a potential target for patient-individualized treatment in esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma and is associated with poor prognosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:552. [PMID: 37592303 PMCID: PMC10436499 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) remains poor, and new therapeutic approaches are urgently needed. Claudin 6 (CLDN6) is an oncofetal antigen that is largely absent in healthy tissues and upregulated in several cancers, making it a promising therapeutical target. In this study, the expression of CLDN6 was assessed in an large Caucasian EAC and GAC cohort. METHODS RNA-Seq data from 89 EACs and 371 GACs were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas project and EAC/GAC cases were stratified by CLDN6 mRNA expression based on a survival-associated cutoff. For groups with CLDN6 expression above or below this cutoff, differential gene expression analyses were performed using DESeq, and dysregulated biological pathways were identified using the Enrichr tool. Additionally, CLDN6 protein expression was assessed in more than 800 EACs and almost 600 GACs using a CLDN6-specific immunohistochemical antibody (clone 58-4B-2) that is currently used in Phase I/II trials to identify patients with CLDN6-positive tumors (NCT05262530; NCT04503278). The expression of CLDN6 was also correlated with histopathological parameters and overall survival (OS). RESULTS EACs and GACs with high CLDN6 mRNA levels displayed an overexpression of pathways regulating the cell cycle, DNA replication, and receptor / extracellular matrix interactions. CLDN6 protein expression was associated with shorter OS in EAC and GAC, both in treatment-naïve subgroups and cohorts receiving neoadjuvant therapy. In multivariate analysis, CLDN6 protein expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor in EAC associated with a shorter OS (HR: 1.75; p = 0.01) and GAC (HR: 2.74; p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS High expression of CLDN6 mRNA is associated with the dysregulation of distinct biological pathways regulating cell growth, proliferation, and cell-matrix interactions. Clinically, the expression of CLDN6 protein is a valuable adverse prognostic marker in EAC and GAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Georg Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Su Ir Lyu
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Hakan Alakus
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Luca Fahrig
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Zander
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Josephine Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schroeder
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Gebauer
- Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
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24
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An F, Zhang W, Guo Y, Shi F, Kong Y, Tang L, Han C, Wang Q. SETBP1 mutation determines sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors in melanoma and NSCLC. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:7476-7495. [PMID: 37535001 PMCID: PMC10457048 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
SET binding protein 1 (SETBP1) plays crucial roles in various biological processes; however, its involvement in cancer immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatments has never been studied. In this study, we collected a total of 631 melanoma and 109 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples treated with ICI agents (i.e., anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1/PD-L1, or combination therapy). Additionally, we obtained their corresponding somatic mutational profiles. We observed that SETBP1 mutated (SETBP1-MUT) melanoma patients exhibited significantly prolonged ICI survival outcomes compared to wild-type patients (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.38-0.81, P = 0.002). Consistently, an elevated ICI response rate was also noticed in the SETBP1-MUT group (42.9% vs. 29.1%, P = 0.016). The Association of SETBP1 mutations with favorable immunotherapeutic prognosis and response was further supported by an independent NSCLC cohort (both P < 0.05). Additional immunological analyses revealed that favorable immune infiltration, tumor immunogenicity, and immune response circuits were enriched in SETBP1-MUT patients. Overall, our findings suggest that SETBP1 mutations may serve as a new biomarker for stratifying beneficiaries of ICI treatments in melanoma and NSCLC, which provides possible evidence for tailoring clinical immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao An
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxian Guo
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Fuyan Shi
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Yujia Kong
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Liguo Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sunshine Union Hospital, Weifang 261061, Shandong, China
| | - Caijing Han
- School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Health of Shandong Province, School of Public Health, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
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25
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Wang LT, Liu KY, Wang SN, Lin MH, Liao YM, Lin PC, Huang SK, Hsu SH, Chiou SS. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-kynurenine axis promotes oncogenic activity in BCP-ALL. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1471-1487. [PMID: 35687267 PMCID: PMC10425300 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), the most common childhood cancer, originates from lymphoid precursor cells in bone marrow committed to the B-cell lineage. Environmental factors and genetic abnormalities disturb the normal maturation of these precursor cells, promoting the formation of leukemia cells and suppressing normal hematopoiesis. The underlying mechanisms of progression are unclear, but BCP-ALL incidence seems to be increasing in parallel with the adoption of modern lifestyles. This study hypothesized that air pollution and haze are risk factors for BCP-ALL progression. The current study revealed that indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IP), a major component of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air, promotes oncogenic activities (proliferation, transformation, and disease relapse) in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, IP treatment activated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDOs) axis, thereby enhancing tryptophan metabolism and kynurenine (KYN) level and consequent promoting the KYN-AHR feedback loop. IP treatment decreased the time to disease relapse and increased the BCP-ALL cell count in an orthotopic xenograft mouse model. Additionally, in 50 clinical BCP-ALL samples, AHR and IDO were co-expressed in a disease-specific manner at mRNA and protein levels, while their mRNA levels showed a significant correlation with disease-free survival duration. These results indicated that PAH/IP exposure promotes BCP-ALL disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ting Wang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwei-Yan Liu
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shen-Nien Wang
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Mei Liao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chin Lin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shih-Hsien Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Center of Applied Genomics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Shyh-Shin Chiou
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Center of Applied Genomics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Yang X, Xu L, Yang L, Xu S. Research progress of STAT3-based dual inhibitors for cancer therapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 91:117382. [PMID: 37369169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), a transcription factor, regulates gene levels that are associated with cell survival, cell cycle, and immune reaction. It is correlated with the grade of malignancy and the development of various cancers and targeting STAT3 protein is a potentially promising therapeutic strategy for tumors. Over the past 20 years, various compounds have been found to directly inhibit STAT3 activity via different strategies. However, numerous difficulties exist in the development of STAT3 inhibitors, such as serious toxic effects, poor therapeutic effects, and intrinsic and acquired drug resistance. STAT3 inhibitors synergistically suppress cancer development with additional anti-tumor drugs, such as indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitors (IDO1i), histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), DNA inhibitors, pro-tumorigenic cytokine inhibitors (PTCi), NF-κB inhibitors, and tubulin inhibitors. Therefore, individual molecule- based dual-target inhibitors can be the candidate alternative or complementary treatment to overcome the disadvantages of just STAT3 or other targets as a monotherapy. In this review, we discuss the theoretical basis for formulating STAT3-based dual-target inhibitors and also summarize their structure-activity relationships (SARs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
| | - Lu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Shaohong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang 453003, China.
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27
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Liang X, Du W, Huang L, Xiang L, Pan W, Yang F, Zheng F, Xie Y, Geng L, Gong S, Xu W. Helicobacter pylori promotes gastric intestinal metaplasia through activation of IRF3-mediated kynurenine pathway. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:141. [PMID: 37328804 PMCID: PMC10273570 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01162-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming is a critical event for cell fate and function, making it an attractive target for clinical therapy. The function of metabolic reprogramming in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-infected gastric intestinal metaplasia remained to be identified. METHODS Xanthurenic acid (XA) was measured in gastric cancer cells treated with H. pylori or H. pylori virulence factor, respectively, and qPCR and WB were performed to detect CDX2 and key metabolic enzymes expression. A subcellular fractionation approach, luciferase and ChIP combined with immunofluorescence were applied to reveal the mechanism underlying H. pylori mediated kynurenine pathway in intestinal metaplasia in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS Herein, we, for the first time, demonstrated that H. pylori contributed to gastric intestinal metaplasia characterized by enhanced Caudal-related homeobox transcription factor-2 (CDX2) and mucin2 (MUC2) expression, which was attributed to activation of kynurenine pathway. H. pylori promoted kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT2)-mediated kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, leading to XA production, which further induced CDX2 expression in gastric epithelial cells. Mechanically, H. pylori activated cyclic guanylate adenylate synthase (cGAS)-interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) pathway in gastric epithelial cells, leading to enhance IRF3 nuclear translocation and the binding of IRF3 to KAT2 promoter. Inhibition of KAT2 could significantly reverse the effect of H. pylori on CDX2 expression. Also, the rescue phenomenon was observed in gastric epithelial cells treated with H. pylori after IRF3 inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Most importantly, phospho-IRF3 was confirmed to be a clinical positive relationship with CDX2. CONCLUSION These finding suggested H. pylori contributed to gastric intestinal metaplasia through KAT2-mediated kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism via cGAS-IRF3 signaling, targeting the kynurenine pathway could be a promising strategy to prevent gastric intestinal metaplasia caused by H. pylori infection. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Wenxu Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Fangying Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Fengfeng Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, China
| | - Yongwu Xie
- Department of Hematology, Zhuhai Center for Maternal and Child Health Care, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
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Yan J, Ye G, Jin Y, Miao M, Li Q, Zhou H. Identification of novel prognostic circRNA biomarkers in circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in gastric cancer and immune infiltration analysis. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:323. [PMID: 37312060 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09421-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) carries significant morbidity and mortality globally. An increasing number of studies have confirmed that circular RNA (circRNA) is tightly associated with the carcinogenesis and development of GC, especially acting as a competing endogenous RNA for miRNAs. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to construct the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network and analyze the function and prognostic significance of the network using bioinformatics tools. METHODS We first downloaded the GC expression profile from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and identified differentially expressed genes and differentially expressed circRNAs. Then, we predicted the miRNA-mRNA interaction pairs and constructed the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. Next, we established a protein-protein interaction network and analyzed the function of these networks. Finally, we primarily validated our results by comparison with The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and by performing qRT-PCR. RESULTS We screened the top 15 hub genes and 3 core modules. Functional analysis showed that in the upregulated circRNA network, 15 hub genes were correlated with extracellular matrix organization and interaction. The function of downregulated circRNAs converged on physiological functions, such as protein processing, energy metabolism and gastric acid secretion. We ascertained 3 prognostic and immune infiltration-related genes, COL12A1, COL5A2, and THBS1, and built a nomogram for clinical application. We validated the expression level and diagnostic performance of key prognostic differentially expressed genes. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we constructed two circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks and identified 3 prognostic and screening biomarkers, COL12A1, COL5A2, and THBS1. The ceRNA network and these genes could play important roles in GC development, diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Guoliang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Yanping Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Min Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China.
| | - Qier Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Hanxuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Yinzhou Integrated TCM and Western Medicine Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
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Zheng X, Ma H, Dong Y, Fang M, Wang J, Xiong X, Liang J, Han M, You A, Yin Q, Huang W. Immune-related biomarkers predict the prognosis and immune response of breast cancer based on bioinformatic analysis and machine learning. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:201. [PMID: 37291471 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the malignancy with the highest mortality rate among women, identification of immune-related biomarkers facilitates precise diagnosis and improvement of the survival rate in early-stage BC patients. 38 hub genes significantly positively correlated with tumor grade were identified based on weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) by integrating the clinical traits and transcriptome analysis. Six candidate genes were screened from 38 hub genes basing on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox and random forest. Four upregulated genes (CDC20, CDCA5, TTK and UBE2C) were identified as biomarkers with the log-rank p < 0.05, in which high expression levels of them showed a poor overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). A risk model was finally constructed using LASSO-Cox regression coefficients and it possessed superior capability to identify high risk patients and predict OS (p < 0.0001, AUC at 1-, 3- and 5-years are 0.81, 0.73 and 0.79, respectively). Decision curve analysis demonstrated risk score was the best prognostic predictor, and low risk represented a longer survival time and lower tumor grade. Importantly, multiple immune cell types and immunotherapy targets were observed increase in expression levels in high-risk group, most of which were significantly correlated with four genes. In summary, the immune-related biomarkers could accurately predict the prognosis and character the immune responses in BC patients. In addition, the risk model is conducive to the tiered diagnosis and treatment of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Zheng
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haodi Ma
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yirui Dong
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Mengmiao Fang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Junxiang Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Meng Han
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Aimin You
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Qinan Yin
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
| | - Wenbin Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.
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Takayama Y, Akagi Y, Kida YS. Deciphering the Molecular Mechanisms of Autonomic Nervous System Neuron Induction through Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109053. [PMID: 37240399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro derivation of human neurons in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an important technology, given its regulatory roles in maintaining homeostasis in the human body. Although several induction protocols for autonomic lineages have been reported, the regulatory machinery remains largely undefined, primarily due to the absence of a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism regulating human autonomic induction in vitro. In this study, our objective was to pinpoint key regulatory components using integrated bioinformatics analysis. A protein-protein interaction network construction for the proteins encoded by the differentially expressed genes from our RNA sequencing data, and conducting subsequent module analysis, we identified distinct gene clusters and hub genes involved in the induction of autonomic lineages. Moreover, we analyzed the impact of transcription factor (TF) activity on target gene expression, revealing enhanced autonomic TF activity that could lead to the induction of autonomic lineages. The accuracy of this bioinformatics analysis was corroborated by employing calcium imaging to observe specific responses to certain ANS agonists. This investigation offers novel insights into the regulatory machinery in the generation of neurons in the ANS, which would be valuable for further understanding and precise regulation of autonomic induction and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Takayama
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yuka Akagi
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
- Tsukuba Life Science Innovation Program (T-LSI), School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki S Kida
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
- School of Integrative & Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan
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31
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Li L, Yang W, Jia D, Zheng S, Gao Y, Wang G. Establishment of a N1-methyladenosine-related risk signature for breast carcinoma by bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Breast Cancer 2023:10.1007/s12282-023-01458-1. [PMID: 37178414 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breast carcinoma (BRCA) has resulted in a huge health burden globally. N1-methyladenosine (m1A) RNA methylation has been proven to play key roles in tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, the function of m1A RNA methylation-related genes in BRCA is indistinct. METHODS The RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), copy-number variation (CNV), single-nucleotide variant (SNV), and clinical data of BRCA were acquired via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In addition, the GSE20685 dataset, the external validation set, was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. 10 m1A RNA methylation regulators were obtained from the previous literature, and further analyzed through differential expression analysis by rank-sum test, mutation by SNV data, and mutual correlation by Pearson Correlation Analysis. Furthermore, the differentially expressed m1A-related genes were selected through overlapping m1A-related module genes obtained by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in BRCA and DEGs between high- and low- m1A score subgroups. The m1A-related model genes in the risk signature were derived by univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses. In addition, a nomogram was built through univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. After that, the immune infiltration between the high- and low-risk groups was investigated through ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT. Finally, the expression trends of model genes in clinical BRCA samples were further confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (RT‒qPCR). RESULTS Eighty-five differentially expressed m1A-related genes were obtained. Among them, six genes were selected as prognostic biomarkers to build the risk model. The validation results of the risk model showed that its prediction was reliable. In addition, Cox independent prognosis analysis revealed that age, risk score, and stage were independent prognostic factors for BRCA. Moreover, 13 types of immune cells were different between the high- and low-risk groups and the immune checkpoint molecules TIGIT, IDO1, LAG3, ICOS, PDCD1LG2, PDCD1, CD27, and CD274 were significantly different between the two risk groups. Ultimately, RT-qPCR results confirmed that the model genes MEOX1, COL17A1, FREM1, TNN, and SLIT3 were significantly up-regulated in BRCA tissues versus normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS An m1A RNA methylation regulator-related prognostic model was constructed, and a nomogram based on the prognostic model was constructed to provide a theoretical reference for individual counseling and clinical preventive intervention in BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Li
- Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Yang
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030032, People's Republic of China
| | - Daqi Jia
- Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhe Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, People's Republic of China.
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Cao W, Pan J, Mo K, Wang Z, Wei S, Yin Y, Qin M, Zhang W. Effects of gene silencing of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 combined with rosmarinic acid on tumor immune microenvironment in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110193. [PMID: 37062258 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic compound with several pharmacological activities, including immunomodulation and anti-tumor effect. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), the rate-limiting enzyme that metabolizes tryptophan into kynurenine, is an important negative immune regulator. This study aimed to explore the effect of combined action of IDO1 gene silencing and RA on tumor immune microenvironment. H22 tumor-bearing mice were treated with combination therapy with RA and IDO1-shRNA. The percentages and apoptosis of T-cells and subsets of splenic regulatory T-cells (Tregs) were detected by flow cytometry. Levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Treatment with RA + IDO1-shRNA significantly increased the percentage of CD4+ T cells, ratio of CD4+/CD8+ and the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2, while decreased CD8+ apoptosis, the proportion of splenic Tregs and the levels of TNF-α and IL-10. The present study demonstrated that combination therapy with RA and IDO1-shRNA had anti-tumor effects on HCC. The mechanism might be related to regulating immune response and immunocytokines, as well as alleviating immunosuppression induced by Tregs in the tumor immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China.
| | - Jinfeng Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Kai Mo
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanning First People's Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, China
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Sijun Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Yuan Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Mengyao Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
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IDO1/COX2 Expression Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer Liver Oligometastases. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030496. [PMID: 36983678 PMCID: PMC10055914 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: IDO1 and COX2 have emerged as promising immunotherapy targets. It is unclear whether IDO1 and COX2 expression levels in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with liver oligometastases could be independent predictors of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of IDO1 and COX2 expression levels with OS and PFS in CRC patients with liver oligometastases. Methods: The expression levels of IDO1 and COX2 were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 107 specimens from patients with liver oligometastases. The correlation between the expression of IDO1 and COX2 and the clinicopathological parameters and OS/PFS in patients was examined. Results: The expression level of IDO1/COX2 was significantly correlated with age and was not associated with gender, BMI, T stage, N stage, primary tumor size, liver metastasis size, CEA, CA19-9, CD3 TILs or CD8 TILs. In univariate analysis, we found that IDO1/COX2 expression, CEA and N stage all yielded significantly poor OS and PFS outcomes. In our multivariate Cox model, IDO1/COX2 coexpression, CEA and N stage were found to be significantly correlated with OS; IDO1/COX2 coexpression and CEA were significantly correlated with PFS. Conclusions: IDO1/COX2 coexpression plays a pivotal role and may act as a potential prognostic biomarker for survival in CRC patients with liver oligometastases.
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Cui JX, Xu XH, He T, Liu JJ, Xie TY, Tian W, Liu JY. L-kynurenine induces NK cell loss in gastric cancer microenvironment via promoting ferroptosis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:52. [PMID: 36855135 PMCID: PMC9976385 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02629-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural killer (NK) cells play a major role in body's fighting against various types of cancers. Their infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of gastric cancer (GC) are significantly decreased, which has been reported as a robust prognostic marker. However, the causes leading to NK cells loss in GC TME remains poorly understood. METHODS We constructed a non-contact co-culturing system and humanized xenograft tumor mice model to detect the influence of GC microenvironment on NK-92 or primary human NK cells viability by flow cytometry. Then through using the specific inhibitors for different types of cell death and examining the surrogate markers, we confirmed ferroptosis in NK cells. Inspired by the accidental discoveries, we constructed a NK-92 cell strain with high expression of GPX4 and treated the humanized xenograft tumor mice model with the NK-92 cells. RESULTS We found L-KYN, mainly generated through indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) from GC cells, impaired NK cells viability in TME. Further analysis revealed L-KYN induced ferroptosis in NK cells via an AHR-independent way. Moreover, we found NK cells with higher GPX4 expression showed resistance to L-KYN induced ferroptosis. Based on this, we generated GPX4 over-expressed NK-92 cells, and found these cells showed therapeutic potential towards GC. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a novel mechanism to explain the decline of NK cell number in GC TME. Notably, we also developed a potential immunotherapy strategy, which might be beneficial in clinical treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Cui
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Xian-Hui Xu
- Department of Emergency, No. 971 Hospital of PLAN, Qingdao, 266071 Shandong Province China
| | - Tao He
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Jia-Jia Liu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Department of General Surgery and Center of Minimal Invasive Gastrointestinal Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Tian-Yu Xie
- grid.414252.40000 0004 1761 8894Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Wen Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Jun-Yan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
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Hou F, Shi DB, Guo XY, Zhao RN, Zhang H, Ma RR, He JY, Gao P. HRCT1, negatively regulated by miR-124-3p, promotes tumor metastasis and the growth of gastric cancer by activating the ERBB2-MAPK pathway. Gastric Cancer 2023; 26:250-263. [PMID: 36602696 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-022-01362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. And patient outcomes are poor due to tumor relapse and metastasis. To develop new therapeutic strategies, it is of great importance to explore the mechanism underlying the progression of gastric cancer. METHODS Primary gastric cancer samples with lymph node metastases (LNM) and without LNM were subjected to mRNA microarray assay. The differentially expressed genes were confirmed by RT-qPCR. HRCT1 protein expression was further detected using an immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. In vitro and in vivo assays were performed to investigate the role of HRCT1 in tumor invasion, metastasis, and proliferation. The expressions of the downstream target genes of HRCT1 were detected by microarray, RT-qPCR and Western blot assays. Dual-luciferase reporter and Western blot assays were carried out to identify miRNAs target to HRCT1. RESULTS HRCT1 was upregulated in gastric cancer, and high expression of HRCT1 was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Moreover, HRCT1protein expression was an independent predictor for poor OS and DFS. HRCT1 could promote gastric cancer cells' migration, invasion, and proliferation in vitro as well as tumor metastasis and growth in vivo. Notably, our data showed that HRCT1 promoted gastric cancer progression by activating the ERBB2-MAPK signaling pathway. At least partially, the expression of HRCT1 could be negatively regulated by miR-124-3p. CONCLUSIONS The upregulated expression of HRCT1 predicts poor survival for patients with gastric cancer. HRCT1 promotes tumor progression by activating the ERBB2-MAPK pathway. HRCT1, negatively regulated by miR-124-3p, may be a potential therapeutic target for patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hou
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Duan-Bo Shi
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 44, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Guo
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 44, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Rui-Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 44, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 44, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ran-Ran Ma
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 44, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jun-Yi He
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 44, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Wen Hua Xi Road 44, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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COL12A1 Acts as a Novel Prognosis Biomarker and Activates Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Pancreatic Cancer through Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051480. [PMID: 36900272 PMCID: PMC10000532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most challenging malignancies to date and is associated with poor survival. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that play a crucial role in tumor progression in pancreatic cancer. Thus, uncovering the key genes involved in CAF progression and determining their prognostic value is critically important. Herein, we report our discoveries in this research area. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and investigation of our clinical tissue samples indicated that COL12A1 expression was aberrantly highly expressed in pancreatic cancer. Survival and COX regression analyses revealed the significant clinical prognostic value of COL12A1 expression in pancreatic cancer. COL12A1 was mainly expressed in CAFs but not in tumor cells. This was verified with our PCR analysis in cancer cells and CAFs. The knocking down of COL12A1 decreased the proliferation and migration of CAFs and down-regulated the expression of CAF activation markers actin alpha 2 (ACTA2), fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1). Meanwhile, the interleukin 6 (IL6), CXC chemokine Ligand-5 (CXCL5), and CXC chemokine Ligand-10 (CXCL10) expressions were inhibited, and the cancer-promoting effect was reversed by COL12A1 knockdown. Therefore, we demonstrated the potential prognostic and target therapy value of COL12A1 expression in pancreatic cancer and elucidated the molecular mechanism underlying its role in CAFs. The findings of this study might provide new opportunities for TME-targeted therapies in pancreatic cancer.
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Chen T, zhao L, Chen J, Jin G, Huang Q, Zhu M, Dai R, Yuan Z, Chen J, Tang M, Chen T, Lin X, Ai W, Wu L, Chen X, Qin L. Identification of three metabolic subtypes in gastric cancer and the construction of a metabolic pathway-based risk model that predicts the overall survival of GC patients. Front Genet 2023; 14:1094838. [PMID: 36845398 PMCID: PMC9950121 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1094838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is highly heterogeneous and GC patients have low overall survival rates. It is also challenging to predict the prognosis of GC patients. This is partly because little is known about the prognosis-related metabolic pathways in this disease. Hence, our objective was to identify GC subtypes and genes related to prognosis, based on changes in the activity of core metabolic pathways in GC tumor samples. Differences in the activity of metabolic pathways in GC patients were analyzed using Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA), leading to the identification of three clinical subtypes by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). Based on our analysis, subtype 1 showed the best prognosis while subtype 3 exhibited the worst prognosis. Interestingly, we observed marked differences in gene expression between the three subtypes, through which we identified a new evolutionary driver gene, CNBD1. Furthermore, we used 11 metabolism-associated genes identified by LASSO and random forest algorithms to construct a prognostic model and verified our results using qRT-PCR (five matched clinical tissues of GC patients). This model was found to be both effective and robust in the GSE84437 and GSE26253 cohorts, and the results from multivariate Cox regression analyses confirmed that the 11-gene signature was an independent prognostic predictor (p < 0.0001, HR = 2.8, 95% CI 2.1-3.7). The signature was found to be relevant to the infiltration of tumor-associated immune cells. In conclusion, our work identified significant GC prognosis-related metabolic pathways in different GC subtypes and provided new insights into GC-subtype prognostic assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzuan Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqian zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junbo Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaowei Jin
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianying Huang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruixia Dai
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengxi Yuan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junshuo Chen
- College of International Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Mosheng Tang
- Scientific Research Laboratory, Lishui City People’s Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tongke Chen
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokun Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiming Ai
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Le Qin, ; Xiangjian Chen, ; Liang Wu, ; Weiming Ai,
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Le Qin, ; Xiangjian Chen, ; Liang Wu, ; Weiming Ai,
| | - Xiangjian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Le Qin, ; Xiangjian Chen, ; Liang Wu, ; Weiming Ai,
| | - Le Qin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Le Qin, ; Xiangjian Chen, ; Liang Wu, ; Weiming Ai,
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Human Chorionic Gonadotropin-Stimulated Interleukin-4-Induced-1 (IL4I1) Promotes Human Decidualization via Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043163. [PMID: 36834576 PMCID: PMC9959871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Decidualization is necessary for the successful establishment of early pregnancy in rodents and humans. Disturbed decidualization results in recurrent implantation failure, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and preeclampsia. Tryptophan (Trp), one of the essential amino acids in humans, has a positive effect on mammalian pregnancy. Interleukin 4-induced gene 1 (IL4I1) is a recently identified enzyme that can metabolize L-Trp to activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Although IDO1-catalyzed kynurenine (Kyn) from Trp has been shown to enhance human in vitro decidualization via activating AHR, whether IL4I1-catalyzed metabolites of Trp are involved in human decidualization is still unknown. In our study, human chorionic gonadotropin stimulates IL4I1 expression and secretion from human endometrial epithelial cells through ornithine decarboxylase-induced putrescine production. Either IL4I1-catalyzed indole-3-pyruvic acid (I3P) or its metabolite indole-3-aldehyde (I3A) from Trp is able to induce human in vitro decidualization by activating AHR. As a target gene of AHR, Epiregulin induced by I3P and I3A promotes human in vitro decidualization. Our study indicates that IL4I1-catalyzed metabolites from Trp can enhance human in vitro decidualization through AHR-Epiregulin pathway.
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Wang XL, Zhai RQ, Li ZM, Li HQ, Lei YT, Zhao FF, Hao XX, Wang SY, Wu YH. Constructing a prognostic risk model for Alzheimer's disease based on ferroptosis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1168840. [PMID: 37181620 PMCID: PMC10172508 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1168840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study is to establish a prognostic risk model based on ferroptosis to prognosticate the severity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through gene expression changes. Methods The GSE138260 dataset was initially downloaded from the Gene expression Omnibus database. The ssGSEA algorithm was used to evaluate the immune infiltration of 28 kinds of immune cells in 36 samples. The up-regulated immune cells were divided into Cluster 1 group and Cluster 2 group, and the differences were analyzed. The LASSO regression analysis was used to establish the optimal scoring model. Cell Counting Kit-8 and Real Time Quantitative PCR were used to verify the effect of different concentrations of Aβ1-42 on the expression profile of representative genes in vitro. Results Based on the differential expression analysis, there were 14 up-regulated genes and 18 down-regulated genes between the control group and Cluster 1 group. Cluster 1 and Cluster 2 groups were differentially analyzed, and 50 up-regulated genes and 101 down-regulated genes were obtained. Finally, nine common differential genes were selected to establish the optimal scoring model. In vitro, CCK-8 experiments showed that the survival rate of cells decreased significantly with the increase of Aβ1-42 concentration compared with the control group. Moreover, RT-qPCR showed that with the increase of Aβ1-42 concentration, the expression of POR decreased first and then increased; RUFY3 was firstly increased and then decreased. Discussion The establishment of this research model can help clinicians make decisions on the severity of AD, thus providing better guidance for the clinical treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui-Qing Zhai
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Li
- Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Qiu Li
- Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ya-Ting Lei
- Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhao
- Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Hao
- Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Sheng-Yuan Wang
- Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Sheng-Yuan Wang,
| | - Yong-Hui Wu
- Department of Occupational Health, Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Yong-Hui Wu,
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Zhu J, Lin Q, Zheng H, Rao Y, Ji T. The pro-invasive factor COL6A2 serves as a novel prognostic marker of glioma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:897042. [PMID: 36505882 PMCID: PMC9732579 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.897042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is an incurable malignant lesion with poor outcome characterized by easy recurrence after surgery with or without radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Studies have shown that COL6A2 is closely related to the tumorigenesis and development of a variety of tumors. However, the role of COL6A2 in glioma and the relationship between COL6A2 and tumor infiltrating immune cells remain unclear. Methods Western blot, real-time PCR, a tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were applied to detect COL6A2 mRNA and protein amounts in glioma, and all experiments were repeated three times. A tissue microarray of glioma samples was used for prognostic analysis. Detection of COL6A2 co-expression with immune genes using immunohistochemical methods, and tumor modeling using nude mice for prevention and treatment studies. Based on the mRNA expression of COL6A2, patients with glioma in TCGA were divided into the low and high COL6A2 expression groups, and GO and KEGG pathway analyses were performed. A PPI network was constructed using STRING, and the associations of COL6A2 with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immune genes were analyzed in the CIBERSORT and TISIDB databases. COL6A2 mRNA and protein amounts were increased in glioma. Results Multiple-database and tissue microarray analyses showed that COL6A2 expression in glioma was associated with poor prognosis, Tissue microarray showed that COL6A2 was the highest expressed in WHO IV and significantly higher in TCGA-GBM than in TCGA-LGG. Immunohistochemistry can well demonstrate the co-expression of COL6A2 with immune genes in a tumor model established in nude mice, showing that interference with COL6A2 expression may have an inhibitory effect on tumors. The mRNA expression of COL6A2 was involved in 22 KEGG pathways, and GSEA analysis showed that 28 and 57 gene sets were significantly enriched at nominal p values <0.01 and <0.05, respectively, protein network revealed a tight interaction between COL6A2 and SPARC. The CIBERSORT database indicated that COL6A2 was correlated with 15 types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, including M2 macrophages, CD8 T cells, neutrophils, gamma delta T cells, activated CD4 memory T cells, follicular helper T cells, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, regulatory T cells (Tregs), activated NK cells, eosinophils, activated mast cells, monocytes, activated dendritic cells, and resting CD4 memory T cells. The TISIDB database indicated that COL6A2 was significantly correlated with lymphocytes such as regulatory T cell, Type 17 T helper cell, Type 1 T helper cell, and immunomodulatory genes. In addition, COL6A2-related immune regulatory genes show that most immune regulatorygenes have prognostic value for glioma, and high-risk immune genes are notconducive to the survival of glioma patients. Conclusions COL6A2-related immune regulatory genes show that most immune regulatory genes have prognostic value for glioma, and high-risk immune genes are not conducive to the survival of glioma patients. COL6A2 may be a novel potential prognostic biomarker of glioma and associated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, and interference with COL6A2 expression can inhibit tumor growth, which suggests COL6A2 as a potential target for future treatment.
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Yang L, Liu X, Huang X, Li N, Zhang L, Yan H, Hou X, Wang L, Wang L. Integrated Proteotranscriptomics Reveals Differences in Molecular Immunity between Min and Large White Pig Breeds. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121708. [PMID: 36552219 PMCID: PMC9775064 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Long-term selection or evolution is an important factor governing the development of disease resistance in pigs. To better clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying different levels of disease resistance, we used transcriptomics and proteomics analysis to characterize differences in the immunities between six resistant (Min pig) and six susceptible (Large White, LW) pigs which were raised in the same environment. A total of 135 proteins and 791 genes were identified as being differentially expressed between the Large White and Min pig groups. Protein expression clustering and functional analysis revealed that proteins related to immune system process, humoral immune response, the B cell receptor signaling pathway, lymphocyte-mediated immunity, and innate immune responses were more highly expressed in Min pigs. Transcriptome gene set enrichment analysis was used to reveal that pathways of cell adhesion molecules and antigen processing and presentation are significantly enriched in Min pigs. Integrated proteomics and transcriptomics data analysis identified 16 genes that are differentially expressed at both the mRNA and protein levels. In addition, 13 out of these 16 genes were related to the quantitative trait loci of immune diseases, including neural EGFL-like 2 (NELL2) and lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB), which are involved in innate immunity. Correlation analysis between the genes/proteins and cytokines shows upregulated proteins in LW pigs in association with immunosuppressive/pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL) 10, IL6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. This was further validated using parallel reaction monitoring analysis. In summary, we discovered several potential candidate pathways and key genes/proteins involved in determining differences in disease resistance between the two studied pig breeds, which could provide new insights into the breeding of pigs for disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- College of Animal Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030800, China
| | - Na Li
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Longchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinhua Hou
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (L.W.)
| | - Ligang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation of Ministry of Agriculture of China, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (L.W.)
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Li S, Yang H, Li W, Liu JY, Ren LW, Yang YH, Ge BB, Zhang YZ, Fu WQ, Zheng XJ, Du GH, Wang JH. ADH1C inhibits progression of colorectal cancer through the ADH1C/PHGDH /PSAT1/serine metabolic pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2709-2722. [PMID: 35354963 PMCID: PMC9525271 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00894-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women worldwide. CRC is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Although some progress in the treatment of CRC has been achieved, the molecular mechanism of CRC is still unclear. In this study, alcohol dehydrogenase 1C(ADH1C) was first identified as a target gene closely associated with the development of CRC by the comprehensive application of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabonomics and in silico analysis. The ADH1C mRNA and protein expression in CRC cell lines and tumor tissues was lower than that in normal intestinal epithelial cell lines and healthy tissues. Overexpression of ADH1C inhibited the growth, migration, invasion and colony formation of CRC cell lines and prevented the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice. The inhibitory effects of ADH1C on CRC cells in vitro were exerted by reducing the expression of PHGDH/PSAT1 and the serine level. This inhibition could be partially reversed by adding serine to the culture medium. These results showed that ADH1C is a potential drug target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hong Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jin-Yi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li-Wen Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yi-Hui Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Bin-Bin Ge
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wei-Qi Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiang-Jin Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Liu L, Liang L, Mai G, Chen Y. A novel fatty acid metabolism-related gene signature predicts the prognosis, tumor immune properties, and immunotherapy response of colon adenocarcinoma patients. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:585-601. [PMID: 36089979 PMCID: PMC9447420 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2022-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) has a high incidence and death rate. Despite the fact that change in fatty acid metabolism promotes tumor growth and metastasis to the greatest degree among metabolite profiles, a thorough investigation on the involvement of fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FAMRGs) in COAD has yet not been conducted. Here, the clinical data as well as the gene expression profiles were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Based on the FAMRG expression data and clinical information, a FAMRG risk signature was developed using LASSO as well as multivariate and univariate Cox regression analyses. Then, the nomogram was used to create a customized prognostic prediction model, and the calibration and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the nomogram's prediction performance and discriminative capability. Lastly, a number of studies were conducted to assess the influence of independent FAMRGs on COAD, including unsupervised cluster analysis, functional analysis, and drug sensitivity analysis. Three hundred and sixty-seven patients were included in this study, and a 12-FAMRG risk signature was discovered in the training cohort based on a detailed examination of the FAMRGs expression data and clinical information. After that, risk scores were computed to classify patients into low or high-risk groups, and the Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed that patients in the low-risk group exhibited an elevated overall survival (OS) rate. The FAMRG was shown to be substantially correlated with prognosis in multivariate Cox regression analysis and was validated using the validation dataset. Then, using the clinical variables and risk signature, we developed and validated a prediction nomogram for OS. Functional characterization showed a strong correlation between this signature and immune cell infiltration and immune modulation. Additionally, by evaluating the GDSC database, it was determined that the high-risk group exhibited medication resistance to many chemotherapeutic and targeted medicines, including VX.680, gemcitabine, doxorubicin, and paclitaxel. Overall, we have revealed the significance of a FAMRG risk signature for predicting the prognosis and response to immunotherapy in COAD, and our findings might contribute to an enhanced comprehension of metabolic pathways and the future development of innovative COAD therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrated Clinical Microecology Center, Shenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Liping Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Genghui Mai
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Integrated Clinical Microecology Center, Shenzhen HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityShenzhenChina
- Department of Gastroenterology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Kim B, Jung M, Moon KC, Han D, Kim K, Kim H, Yang S, Lee D, Jun H, Lee K, Lee CH, Nikas IP, Yang S, Lee H, Ryu HS. Quantitative proteomics identifies
TUBB6
as a biomarker of muscle‐invasion and poor prognosis in bladder cancer. Int J Cancer 2022; 152:320-330. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bohyun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center Konkuk University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Minsun Jung
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Moon
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Kim
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Sunah Yang
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Dongjoo Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea
| | - Hyeji Jun
- Center for Medical Innovation, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Kyung‐Min Lee
- Center for Medical Innovation, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Cheng Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ilias P. Nikas
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Sohyeon Yang
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hyebin Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Han Suk Ryu
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
- Center for Medical Innovation, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
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The Role of Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase 1 in Regulating Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112756. [PMID: 35681736 PMCID: PMC9179436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a rate-limiting enzyme that metabolizes an essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn), and it promotes the occurrence of immunosuppressive effects by regulating the consumption of Trp and the accumulation of Kyn in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies have shown that the main cellular components of TME interact with each other through this pathway to promote the formation of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, we review the role of the immunosuppression mechanisms mediated by the IDO1 pathway in tumor growth. We discuss obstacles encountered in using IDO1 as a new tumor immunotherapy target, as well as the current clinical research progress.
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Acosta-Rodríguez V, Rijo-Ferreira F, Izumo M, Xu P, Wight-Carter M, Green CB, Takahashi JS. Circadian alignment of early onset caloric restriction promotes longevity in male C57BL/6J mice. Science 2022; 376:1192-1202. [PMID: 35511946 PMCID: PMC9262309 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) prolongs lifespan, yet the mechanisms by which it does so remain poorly understood. Under CR, mice self-impose chronic cycles of 2-hour-feeding and 22-hour-fasting, raising the question whether calories, fasting, or time of day are causal. We show that 30%-CR is sufficient to extend lifespan 10%; however, a daily fasting interval and circadian-alignment of feeding act together to extend lifespan 35% in male C57BL/6J mice. These effects are independent of body weight. Aging induces widespread increases in gene expression associated with inflammation and decreases in expression of genes encoding components of metabolic pathways in liver from ad lib fed mice. CR at night ameliorates these aging-related changes. Thus, circadian interventions promote longevity and provide a perspective to further explore mechanisms of aging. Timed caloric restriction at night enhances longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Acosta-Rodríguez
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Filipa Rijo-Ferreira
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mariko Izumo
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Pin Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mary Wight-Carter
- Animal Resources Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Carla B Green
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joseph S Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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47
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Zhao L, Liu Y, Zhang S, Wei L, Cheng H, Wang J, Wang J. Impacts and mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming of tumor microenvironment for immunotherapy in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:378. [PMID: 35444235 PMCID: PMC9021207 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04821-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic disorders and abnormal immune function changes occur in tumor tissues and cells to varying degrees. There is increasing evidence that reprogrammed energy metabolism contributes to the development of tumor suppressive immune microenvironment and influences the course of gastric cancer (GC). Current studies have found that tumor microenvironment (TME) also has important clinicopathological significance in predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy. Novel approaches targeting TME therapy, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), metabolic inhibitors and key enzymes of immune metabolism, have been involved in the treatment of GC. However, the interaction between GC cells metabolism and immune metabolism and how to make better use of these immunotherapy methods in the complex TME in GC are still being explored. Here, we discuss how metabolic reprogramming of GC cells and immune cells involved in GC immune responses modulate anti-tumor immune responses, as well as the effects of gastrointestinal flora in TME and GC. It is also proposed how to enhance anti-tumor immune response by understanding the targeted metabolism of these metabolic reprogramming to provide direction for the treatment and prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Simiao Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Lingyu Wei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.,Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Basic Research and Clinical Transformation, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Hongbing Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.,Department of Microbiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Basic Research and Clinical Transformation, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China. .,Department of Immunology, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China.
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48
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Li J, Li Z, Xu Y, Huang C, Shan B. METTL3 Facilitates Tumor Progression by COL12A1/MAPK Signaling Pathway in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2022; 13:1972-1984. [PMID: 35399719 PMCID: PMC8990406 DOI: 10.7150/jca.66830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common aggressive tumors in the world. m6A modification has been implicated to play an important role in many biological progressions. METTL3 as the main methyltransferase has been found in many cancers, including ESCC. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanism of METTL3 in the development of ESCC. Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemical (IHC) and western blot were used to detect METTL3 expression. To evaluate the function of METTL3, MTS, colony formation, scratch wound healing assay, and transwell and invasion assays were performed. To find out the downstream target of METTL3, mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq) was conducted. GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses were carried out to predict possible biological processes and signaling pathways. qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to identify the expression of COL12A1 and the phosphorylation status of RAF, MRK and ERK. Cotransfection of small interfering RNA (for METTL3 silence) with plasmid (for overexpression of COL12A1) and the following gain- and loss-of-function experiments were performed to detect the target gene function of COL12A1 in progression of ESCC mediated by METTL3. Results: Using TCGA database, higher METTL3 expression was found in ESCC tissues. Moreover, we found that METTL3 was significantly increased in ESCC patient tissues compared with normal tissues and correlated with poor prognosis. The expression of METTL3 in ESCC cell lines was assessed. The gain- and loss-of-function indicates that METTL3 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Additionally, we confirmed that METTL3 can promote the expression of COL12A1 and upregulate the phosphorylation of RAF, MER and ERK, and moreover COL12A1 can restrain siMETTL3-mediated inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion in ESCC. Conclusion: Our study revealed that METTL3 may have an oncogenic role, facilitating the ESCC progression and metastasis by COL12A1/MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Li
- Research Center, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhao Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050011, People's Republic of China
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49
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Wu D, Wang Z. Gastric Cancer Cell-Derived Kynurenines Hyperactive Regulatory T Cells to Promote Chemoresistance via the IL-10/STAT3/BCL2 Signaling Pathway. DNA Cell Biol 2022; 41:447-455. [PMID: 35353612 PMCID: PMC9063152 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance is frequently observed in gastric cancer patients and is associated with poor prognosis; tryptophan (Trp) catabolism has been recognized as a key metabolic regulator of many types of cancer progression. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Trp metabolite kynurenine (Kyn) were analyzed using tumor tissues. Chemotherapy resistance induced by IL-10 or Treg was detected by flow cytometry assay. The activation of STAT3/BCL2 signaling pathways in gastric cells cocultured by Treg was illustrated by western blotting. Patients' Treg and human gastric cancer organoid model were established to examine the anticancer effects of STAT3 inhibitor. We found that a higher level of IL-10 secreted by Kyn-induced Tregs was responsible for the 5-fluorouracil-induced resistance of gastric cancer cell lines. STAT3 and BCL2 knockout significantly abrogated Treg supernatant- or IL-10-induced chemoresistance in SGC7901 and BGC823 cell lines. Furthermore, STAT3 inhibitor significantly reduced the organoid and clonogenicity of organoids cocultured with Treg. Our data suggested that tumor-derived Kyn may hyperactivate Tregs and induce chemoresistance through the IL-10/STAT3/BCL2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zhongli Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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50
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Brodsky AS, Khurana J, Guo KS, Wu EY, Yang D, Siddique AS, Wong IY, Gamsiz Uzun ED, Resnick MB. Somatic mutations in collagens are associated with a distinct tumor environment and overall survival in gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:139. [PMID: 35120467 PMCID: PMC8815231 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-09136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease with poorly understood genetic and microenvironmental factors. Mutations in collagen genes are associated with genetic diseases that compromise tissue integrity, but their role in tumor progression has not been extensively reported. Aberrant collagen expression has been long associated with malignant tumor growth, invasion, chemoresistance, and patient outcomes. We hypothesized that somatic mutations in collagens could functionally alter the tumor extracellular matrix. METHODS We used publicly available datasets including The Tumor Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to interrogate somatic mutations in collagens in stomach adenocarcinomas. To demonstrate that collagens were significantly mutated above background mutation rates, we used a moderated Kolmogorov-Smirnov test along with combination analysis with a bootstrap approach to define the background accounting for mutation rates. Association between mutations and clinicopathological features was evaluated by Fisher or chi-squared tests. Association with overall survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier and the Cox-Proportional Hazards Model. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was used to interrogate pathways. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization tested expression of COL7A1 in stomach tumors. RESULTS In stomach adenocarcinomas, we identified individual collagen genes and sets of collagen genes harboring somatic mutations at a high frequency compared to background in both microsatellite stable, and microsatellite instable tumors in TCGA. Many of the missense mutations resemble the same types of loss of function mutations in collagenopathies that disrupt tissue formation and destabilize cells providing guidance to interpret the somatic mutations. We identified combinations of somatic mutations in collagens associated with overall survival, with a distinctive tumor microenvironment marked by lower matrisome expression and immune cell signatures. Truncation mutations were strongly associated with improved outcomes suggesting that loss of expression of secreted collagens impact tumor progression and treatment response. Germline collagenopathy variants guided interpretation of impactful somatic mutations on tumors. CONCLUSIONS These observations highlight that many collagens, expressed in non-physiologically relevant conditions in tumors, harbor impactful somatic mutations in tumors, suggesting new approaches for classification and therapy development in stomach cancer. In sum, these findings demonstrate how classification of tumors by collagen mutations identified strong links between specific genotypes and the tumor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Brodsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
- Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Jay Khurana
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Kevin S Guo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Elizabeth Y Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Dongfang Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Ayesha S Siddique
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Ian Y Wong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Joint Program in Cancer Biology, Brown University and Lifespan Cancer Institute, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
- School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Ece D Gamsiz Uzun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Murray B Resnick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
- Currently at PathAI, 1325 Boylston St, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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