1
|
Huang J, Keung VMW, Cheung CKM, Lo ASC, Chan SC, Wong YY, Mui LWH, Lee A, Wong MCS. Prevalence and associated factors of overweight in Chinese adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2237. [PMID: 38974328 PMCID: PMC11224025 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Obesity has been a global public health issue due to the increasing mortality rate and prevalence among children. However, there are scarce studies on obesity prevalence in Hong Kong children. The study aims to identify the risk factors of obesity among primary and secondary school students by assessing the relationship between sociodemographic factors, health-related behaviors, and social relationships. Methods Self-administrated surveys were collected from 30 primary schools and 25 secondary schools participating in the "Quality Education Fund Thematic Network on Health Schools" project. Descriptive analysis was conducted to examine the proportions of different characteristics and to compare the disparity between primary and secondary school students with obesity. Results A total of 4884 responses were collected. A larger proportion of primary school students with obesity were male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.77-3.67, p < 0.001) and actively gamed (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.07-2.51, p = 0.024). Secondary school students with obesity were male (aOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.21-2.13, p = 0.001), had poor self-perceived academic performance (aOR:1.51, 95% CI: 1.10-2.08, p = 0.011) and expressed higher life satisfaction (family) (aOR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.26, p = 0.032). There were negative associations found between obesity and physical activity, high consumption of sugary drinks, chocolate or candies, and insufficient consumption of vegetables. Conclusion Male sex, physical inactivity, low self-perecived academic performance, and poor dietary behaviors were the risk factors for obesity among primary and secondary school students. The findings highlighted the importance of identifying younger individuals who were at risk of becoming clinically obese. Further studies should explore the effectiveness of various interventions through longitudinal study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Vera M. W. Keung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Calvin K. M. Cheung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Amelia S. C. Lo
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Sze C. Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Yuet Y. Wong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Lancelot W. H. Mui
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
| | - Martin C. S. Wong
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR
- The School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina
- The School of Public HealthThe Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and The Peking Union Medical CollegesBeijingChina
- The School of Public HealthFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ferreira S, Mendes J, Couto D, Ferreira D, Rêgo C. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Continuous Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents with Overweight/Obesity. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2024; 37:177-186. [PMID: 38330918 DOI: 10.20344/amp.19834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the leading cause of pediatric chronic liver disease. Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is closely associated with obesity, its relationship with metabolic syndrome in children is not fully understood. The main aim of this study was to evaluate the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and a combination of cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents with overweight/obesity, using a pediatric metabolic syndrome score (PsiMS) to predict metabolic syndrome. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted. Subjects with overweight/obesity aged 10 to 17 followed at two clinical centers in Portugal (2018 - 2021) were enrolled. The independent association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with PsiMS, and of other potential predictors, was tested through multiple regression analyses. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was performed to estimate the optimal cutoff of PsiMS to discriminate metabolic syndrome. RESULTS Eighty-four subjects were included (median age at baseline 11.5 years). The prevalence rate of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was 51% and the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome was 7%. The mean PsiMS was 2.05 ± 0.48 at the first evaluation, and 2.11 ± 0.52 at the last evaluation (mean follow-up time was 15 months). The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease group had significantly (p < 0.05) higher weight and body mass index z-scores, higher rate of severe obesity and higher waist circumference percentile. PsiMS was highly accurate in predicting metabolic syndrome (area under the curve = 0.96), with an optimal cutoff of 2.46 (sensitivity 100%, specificity 89%). In the univariate analysis, no statistically significant association was observed between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and PsiMS. In the multiple regression analysis, female sex had a negative association with PsiMS (first and last evaluation). Independent predictors of a higher PsiMS at first evaluation were: ≥ 2 metabolic syndrome criteria, body mass index z-score, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. At the last evaluation, independent predictors of a higher PsiMS were: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, baseline PsiMS and body mass index increase from baseline. CONCLUSION The results suggest a good performance of the PsiMS to assess metabolic syndrome and that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with PsiMS at follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Ferreira
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira. Covilhã; Faculty of Health Sciences. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal
| | - Joana Mendes
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira. Covilhã. Portugal
| | - Daniela Couto
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário Cova da Beira. Covilhã. Portugal
| | - Dário Ferreira
- Department of Mathematics and Center of Mathematics and Applications. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal
| | - Carla Rêgo
- Hospital CUF Porto. Oporto; Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS). Faculty of Medicine. Universidade do Porto. Oporto; Faculty of Biotechnology. Universidade Católica. Oporto. Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Massoudi M, Pourghassem Gargari B, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Norouzi S. Major dietary patterns and sleep quality in relation to overweight/obesity among school children: A case-control study. Health Promot Perspect 2023; 13:330-338. [PMID: 38235008 PMCID: PMC10790119 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2023.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood overweight/obesity is increasing worldwide. There is evidence on the role of dietary patterns (DPs) and sleep quality on body weight in adults, but studies on the association of major DPs, sleep quality and overweight/obesity among school-age children are scarce, so the present study was done to shade a light on the subject. Methods This study was a case-control study, conducted on school-age (7-13 years) children. Cases were healthy children who had a body mass index (BMI) percentile of≥85th for age and sex (n=102). Sex-matched children with a BMI percentile between 5th and 85th were considered as control group (n=102). Dietary data were collected using a validated 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between DPs, sleep quality, and overweight/obesity. Results Three DPs were identified: "Low-energy healthy", "High-energy healthy" and "Unhealthy diet". Adherence to the first and second DPs was associated with 51%-62% lower odds of overweight/obesity (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.24-0.97, and 0.38, 95% CI: 0.15-0.94, respectively, P<0.050). However, we found no significant association for the third DP with overweight/obesity. Furthermore, there was no significant association between sleep quality/duration and overweight/obesity. The interactions of DPs and sleep quality/duration with overweight/obesity were not significant. Conclusion Eating a diet high in white meats, eggs, vegetables, fruits and juices, nuts, dairy products, whole grains, and low in refined grains and snacks is associated with a lower likelihood of overweight/obesity in children. This inverse association does not depend on sleep quality/duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Massoudi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Norouzi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Zanjan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tosi M, Montanari C, Bona F, Tricella C, Agostinelli M, Dolor J, Chillemi C, Di Profio E, Tagi VM, Vizzuso S, Fiore G, Zuccotti G, Verduci E. Dietary Inflammatory Potential in Pediatric Diseases: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:5095. [PMID: 38140353 PMCID: PMC10745369 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory status is one of the main drivers in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Specific unhealthy dietary patterns and the growing consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) may influence the inflammation process, which negatively modulates the gut microbiota and increases the risk of NCDs. Moreover, several chronic health conditions require special long-term dietary treatment, characterized by altered ratios of the intake of nutrients or by the consumption of disease-specific foods. In this narrative review, we aimed to collect the latest evidence on the pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients in children affected by multifactorial diseases but also on the dietetic approaches used as treatment for specific diseases. Considering multifactorial diet-related diseases, the triggering effect of pro-inflammatory diets has been addressed for metabolic syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases, and the latter for adults only. Future research is required on multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and pediatric cancer, in which the role of inflammation is emerging. For diseases requiring special diets, the role of single or multiple foods, possibly associated with inflammation, was assessed, but more studies are needed. The evidence collected highlighted the need for health professionals to consider the entire dietary pattern, providing balanced and healthy diets not only to permit the metabolic control of the disease itself, but also to prevent the development of NCDs in adolescence and adulthood. Personalized nutritional approaches, in close collaboration between the hospital, country, and families, must always be promoted together with the development of new methods for the assessment of pro-inflammatory dietary habits in pediatric age and the implementation of telemedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Tosi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Montanari
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Bona
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Chiara Tricella
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Marta Agostinelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jonabell Dolor
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Claudia Chillemi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elisabetta Di Profio
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Veronica Maria Tagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Vizzuso
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Giulia Fiore
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
- Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi J, Fang H, Guo Q, Yu D, Ju L, Cheng X, Piao W, Xu X, Li Z, Mu D, Zhao L, He L. Association of Dietary Patterns with Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 7–17: The China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers in 2016–2017. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173524. [PMID: 36079782 PMCID: PMC9460434 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the associations of dietary patterns with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Chinese children and adolescents aged 7–17 in 2016–2017. Using the data from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers in 2016–2017, the sociodemographic information, diet, anthropometric measurements and clinical examinations of subjects were obtained, and a total of 13,071 school-aged children and adolescents were included in this study. The Cook criteria were used to define MetS and its components. Dietary intake was derived from 24-h dietary records for three consecutive days, combined with the weighing method. Factor analysis was used to identify major dietary patterns. The associations of dietary patterns with MetS and its components were examined by logistic regression analysis. Consequently, five distinct dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis, and the relationships between dietary patterns with MetS and its components were observed. After adjusting for covariates, the animal product and vegetable patterns may have a positive association with MetS; the condiment pattern was positively associated with low HDL-C; the fruit and junk food patterns had positive relationships with MetS, abdominal obesity and high TG; the cereals and tubers pattern was positively associated with MetS, abdominal obesity, high TG and low HDL-C; the beans pattern was positively associated with high TG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li He
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6623-7033
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kuo CT, Chen DR, Chan CC, Yeh YP, Chen HH. Sex differences in the association between sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and metabolic risks among the working-age population in Taiwan. Public Health Nutr 2022; 26:1-19. [PMID: 35851091 PMCID: PMC9989700 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022001549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are linked to increased metabolic risk. However, the sex differences in the relationship between SSB intake and adverse health effects remain unclear. Therefore, the present study examined the association between SSB consumption and metabolic risks among working-age males and females from Taiwanese communities. DESIGN A community-based study utilized data from a comprehensive health screening project conducted by the Public Health Bureau in Changhua County, Taiwan. Metabolic risks included waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and fasting glucose level using serum tests. SETTING Participants were recruited in Changhua County, Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS Between 2005 and 2014, 92,724 citizens participated in the health screening; our data analysis included 75,278 respondents between 30 and 64. RESULTS The results showed that the frequency of SSB consumption was associated with abnormal waist circumference and elevated total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and glucose in both men and women. Increased SSB consumption frequency was associated with elevated glucose and hypertension in women. Even a slight increase in SSB intake frequency was related to raising the metabolic risks. Similar patterns were evident when models included body mass index (BMI); however, the associations were attenuated. In the BMI-stratified subgroup analysis, the relationship between SSB consumption and metabolic risks was more pronounced in participants without obesity. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that SSB consumption carries metabolic risk among working-age Taiwanese, particularly women and those without obesity. Health promotion programs should raise awareness of the health hazards associated with SSBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tung Kuo
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 17 Xuzhou Road, Room 636, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Duan-Rung Chen
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, 17 Xuzhou Road, Room 636, Zhongzheng District, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chuan Chan
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Science, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Po Yeh
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Changhua County Public Health Bureau, Changhua County, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Innovation and Policy Center for Population Health and Sustainable Environment, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Association between major dietary patterns and metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
8
|
The "Diet Model" and Metabolic Syndrome Components: Results from the Cordoba Health and Dietary Habits Investigation (CoHDHI). Nutrition 2022; 102:111739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
9
|
Park Y, Han J. Mineral Balance and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: Focus on Calcium and Phosphorus Intake. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:1525. [PMID: 34828570 PMCID: PMC8621589 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9111525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of metabolic syndrome, a chronic disease, tends to increase in adolescence, but has not been a high priority in delivery of health services. This study was to investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome prevalence and mineral balance such as calcium and phosphorus intake among Korean adolescents. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study using data from the 7th Korean national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES) VII-3 (2018) and the 8th KNHANES VII-1 (2019). A total of 895 adolescents aged 12 to 18 who filled in mineral intake questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS. According to their responses, only 2.9% of the subjects had a calcium: phosphorus intake ratio of 1:1, which is the recommended ratio. Daily phosphorus intake was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.448, p < 0.001), waist circumference (r = 0.115, p = 0.001), HDL cholesterol (r = -0.113, p = 0.002), and daily calcium intake (r = 0.697, p = 0.001). And, as the serum creatinine increased by 1, the risk of metabolic syndrome increased 16.5 times (OR: 16.452, 95% CI: 1.701-159.136, p < 0.05). Excessive phosphorus intake and high creatinine levels may increase the risk of metabolic syndrome in adolescents. Therefore, education is necessary to encourage adolescents to follow a balanced diet that contains essential minerals. In addition, it is suggested to expand the metabolic syndrome prevention education, which has been largely targeted towards adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjin Park
- Department of Nursing, Joongbu University, Geumsan-gun 32716, Korea;
| | - Jungjin Han
- Department of Nursing, Semyung University, Jecheon-si 27136, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dietary patterns are associated with central adiposity and carotid intima-media thickness in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:4295-4306. [PMID: 34031710 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Unhealthy dietary patterns (DP) in childhood are associated with cardiovascular disease in adulthood. DP in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) are unknown. The aims of this study were to describe DPs of children and adolescents with CHD and to evaluate their associations with central adiposity, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). METHODS A cross-sectional study including 232 children and adolescents with CHD. Dietary data were based on three 24-h dietary recalls. Central adiposity was evaluated by waist circumference. hs-CRPs were determined by nephelometry. The cIMT was measured using ultrasound. DPs were identified using principal component analysis. Data were examined using logistic and linear regressions. RESULTS Six DPs were identified. In multivariable-adjusted analysis, unhealthy DP (high intake of poultry, red meat, cold cuts and processed meats, soft drinks and sweetened beverages) and healthy DP (high intake of fish, eggs, bread, beans, tubers and roots, fruit and fruit juice) were associated with increased and decreased odds of central adiposity, respectively (Odds ratio (OR): 2.10; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.09; 4.02; OR: 0.48 95% CI 0.24; 0.93). Besides, low-fat dairy DP (high intake of low-fat milk and dairy, mixed dishes, ultra-processed breads, candy and chocolate) was inversely associated with cIMT (β: - 0.024; 95% CI - 0.04; - 0.01). CONCLUSION Unhealthy DP seems to increase the risk of central adiposity, while the healthy DP seems to decrease the risk of central adiposity. Still, low-fat dairy DP was inversely associated with cIMT. These findings may be helpful to develop nutrition recommendations for early cardiovascular disease prevention in children and adolescents with CHD.
Collapse
|
11
|
Virgen-Carrillo CA, de Los Ríos DLH, Torres KR, Moreno AGM. Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome in Diet-Induced Rodent Models: A Systematic Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2021; 17:e140421192834. [PMID: 33855947 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210414103730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thousands of publications in recent years have addressed the induction of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rodents. However, the criteria and the reference values for diagnosing this disease have not been defined. OBJECTIVE Our main objective was to carry out a systematic review to gather evidence about the criteria for biochemical and anthropometric parameters in which scientific studies have relied on to report that rats developed MetS from a previous dietary manipulation. METHODS We compiled characteristics and findings of diet-induced MetS with high-fat, high-carbohydrate, high-fat/high-carbohydrates, and cafeteria diet from PubMed and Science Direct databases published in the last 5 years. RESULTS The results on the principal determinants for the syndrome, published in the reviewed articles, were chosen to propose reference values in the rat models of food induction. CONCLUSION The values obtained will serve as reference cut-of points in the development of the disease; in addition, the compilation of data will be useful in planning and executing research protocols in animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Alejandrina Virgen-Carrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Diana Laura Hernández de Los Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Karina Ruíz Torres
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Alma Gabriela Martínez Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Comportamiento Alimentario y Nutrición, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee YJ, Seo MY, Kim SH, Park MJ. Validity of the pediatric simple metabolic syndrome score. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 14:508-513. [PMID: 33051154 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the validity of the conventional continuous metabolic syndrome score (ccMS) and pediatric simple metabolic syndrome score (PsiMS) for the prediction of MS in Korean adolescents. METHODS A total of 2983 adolescents aged 10-18 years who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2017) were enrolled. The ccMS was calculated by aggregating the sex and age-specific z-scores of body mass index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. The PsiMS was calculated using the following formula: 〔2x(waist/height (cm)〕+〔glucose (mg/dL)/100〕+〔triglycerides (mg/dL)/150〕+〔SBP (mmHg)/130〕-〔HDL-C (mg/dL)/40〕. RESULTS Mean PsiMS was significantly higher in subjects with MS compared with those without MS (3.24 vs. 1.93 in boys, 3.11 vs. 1.80 in girls; P < 0.001). Both ccMS and PsiMS were significantly higher in subjects with more MS components compared to adolescents with fewer components (P-for-trend<0.001). Among the adolescents without MS but in the PsiMS quintile 5, 33.5% presented two or more MS components. The receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated an equally good performance of ccMS (AUC = 0.975) and PsiMS (AUC = 0.958) for identifying adolescent MS risk. PsiMS showed a good stratification of MS risk in the generalized linear model. CONCLUSION PsiMS is an accurate and efficient scoring system to assess and monitor the risk of adolescent MS in the research and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Ji Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Moon Young Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shin-Hye Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi Jung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, 1342, Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Özçelik Korkmaz M, Tüzüner A. The Role of Nutritional and Dietary Habits in Etiology in Pediatric Vocal Fold Nodule. J Voice 2020; 36:882.e1-882.e7. [PMID: 33012629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In pediatric pediatric vocal fold nodule (VFN) patients, different causes have been suggested in the development of the vocal cord nodule, including laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). It is known that the content of consumed foods, obesity, and other dietary behaviors are among the risk factors for the development of reflux. The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary and food consumption habits in pediatric VFN patients. METHODS This prospective-controlled study included 50 children with VFNs (age range 5-14 years) and 50 age-matched children without any voice disorders as a control group. BMI values of each participant were evaluated according to age-percentile range. The voice usage habits and personality structure of all the children were questioned. All patients underwent laryngeal examination and voice analysis. The Turkish Pediatric Voice Handicap Index (t-PVHI) and Child Voice Handicap Index-10 (t-CVHI) were completed by patients or their parents. The examination findings of all patients were evaluated with the reflux finding score (RFS), and their complaints were questioned with the reflux symptom index (RSI). In addition, eating and drinking at night, fast eating and excessive food consumption habits and the frequency of consumption of packaged foods defined as junk food, carbonated beverage were questioned. The data obtained were compared statistically between the two groups. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the study and control groups in terms of age, gender distribution, median BMI value, voice usage habits, and personality structure. In the study group, t-PVHI, t-CVHI, jitter, schimmer values, the mean RFS, and RSI scores were significantly higher than those of the control group. The number of children with high consumption of junk food and carbonated drinks was higher in the study group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of dietary habits. CONCLUSION Food consumption habits may play a role in childhood voice problems in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arzu Tüzüner
- Başkent University Medical Faculty Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shang X, Li Y, Xu H, Zhang Q, Liu A, Du S, Guo H, Ma G. Leading dietary determinants identified using machine learning techniques and a healthy diet score for changes in cardiometabolic risk factors in children: a longitudinal analysis. Nutr J 2020; 19:105. [PMID: 32950062 PMCID: PMC7502204 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying leading dietary determinants for cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors is urgent for prioritizing interventions in children. We aimed to identify leading dietary determinants for the change in CMR and create a healthy diet score (HDS) to predict CMR in children. METHODS We included 5676 children aged 6-13 years in the final analysis with physical examinations, blood tests, and diets assessed at baseline and one year later. CMR score (CMRS) was computed by summing Z-scores of waist circumference, an average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, multiplying by - 1), and triglycerides. Machine learning was used to identify leading dietary determinants for CMR and an HDS was then computed. RESULTS The nine leading predictors for CMRS were refined grains, seafood, fried foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, wheat, red meat other than pork, rice, fungi and algae, and roots and tubers with the contribution ranging from 3.9 to 19.6% of the total variance. Diets high in seafood, rice, and red meat other than pork but low in other six food groups were associated with a favorable change in CMRS. The HDS was computed based on these nine dietary factors. Children with HDS ≥8 had a higher decrease in CMRS (β (95% CI): - 1.02 (- 1.31, - 0.73)), BMI (- 0.08 (- 0.16, - 0.00)), SBP (- 0.46 (- 0.58, - 0.34)), DBP (- 0.46 (- 0.58, - 0.34)), mean arterial pressure (- 0.50 (- 0.62, - 0.38)), fasting glucose (- 0.22 (- 0.32, - 0.11)), insulin (- 0.52 (- 0.71, - 0.32)), and HOMA-IR (- 0.55 (- 0.73, - 0.36)) compared to those with HDS ≦3. Improved HDS during follow-up was associated with favorable changes in CMRS, BMI, percent body fat, SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure, HDL-C, fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION Diets high in seafood, rice, and red meat other than pork and low in refined grains, fried foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, and wheat are leading healthy dietary factors for metabolic health in children. HDS is strongly predictive of CMR factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haiquan Xu
- Institute of food and nutrition development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ailing Liu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hongwei Guo
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guansheng Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dietary Patterns and Associated Factors Among Adolescents in Malaysia: Findings from Adolescent Nutrition Survey 2017. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103431. [PMID: 32423077 PMCID: PMC7277301 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Balanced diet in the early stages of life plays a role in optimum growth and maintains good health status of adolescents. Dietary habits that are established during adolescence will sustain till adulthood. Therefore, this present study aims to identify the dietary patterns and to determine factors associated with dietary patterns in terms of socio-demographic characteristics, locality of schools, ethnicity, eating habits, self-perceived weight status, and food label reading habit among adolescents in Malaysia. Data from the Adolescent Nutrition Survey (ANS) 2017 was used for the present study. ANS is a population representative school-based cross-sectional study among school-going adolescents from primary four to secondary five from schools in 13 states and three federal territories registered under the Ministry of Education Malaysia. A self-administrated questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics, locality of schools, ethnicity, eating habits, self-perceived weight status, and food label reading habit. A pre-tested face-to-face food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to collect information on food group intake frequency. Dietary patterns were identified by using exploratory factor analysis and associated factors, using complex sample general linear model (GLM) analysis. All statistical analyses were carried out at 95% confidence interval or p-value < 0.05. The dietary patterns identified are healthy, unhealthy, and alternative proteins. The healthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with the types of school and ethnicity. The unhealthy dietary pattern was significantly associated with the locality of schools, ethnicity, frequency of snacks intake per week, frequency of eating out per week, self-perceived weight status, and food label reading habit. Significant associations were found between alternative proteins dietary pattern and locality of schools, ethnicity, and types of school. This study found that there is a disparity of dietary patterns between different ethnicity, locality of schools, and types of school. We recommend strategies of specifying ethnicity and geographical area to improve dietary patterns of adolescents in Malaysia.
Collapse
|
16
|
Azemati B, Kelishadi R, Ahadi Z, Shafiee G, Taheri M, Ziaodini H, Qorbani M, Heshmat R. Association between junk food consumption and cardiometabolic risk factors in a national sample of Iranian children and adolescents population: the CASPIAN-V study. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:329-335. [PMID: 30311074 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-018-0591-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Only a few studies have attempted to assess the relationship between junk food consumption and cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian children and adolescents; therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the association between junk food intake and cardiometabolic risk factors in this population. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS A total of 14,400 students were selected from 30 provinces of Iran using multistage, stratified cluster sampling method. Information about student's lifestyle, health behaviors and health status was obtained through a validated questionnaire. Blood pressure was measured and anthropometric indices were calculated. Blood samples were drawn from 3,303 students for biochemical tests. In our study, sugar-sweetened beverages, salty snacks, sweets and fast foods were considered as junk foods. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 12.42 ± 2.97 years. Those with metabolic syndrome were more likely to live in urban areas (P = 0.004) and have higher BMI (P < 0.0001). Junk food intake was not related to metabolic syndrome; however, it was associated with increased odds of high BP (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.09, 1.39), high SBP (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.09, 1.75), and high DBP (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.04, 1.35), overweight (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08, 1.39) and excess weight (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04, 1.25). CONCLUSIONS Junk food consumption plays an important role in childhood overweight and is related to high blood pressure in this population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, case-control analytic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Azemati
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Next to Shariati Hospital, Jalal Al Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713136, Iran
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ahadi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Next to Shariati Hospital, Jalal Al Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713136, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Next to Shariati Hospital, Jalal Al Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713136, Iran
| | - MajZoubeh Taheri
- Office of Adolescents and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Ziaodini
- Health Psychology Department, Research Center of Education Ministry Studies, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Next to Shariati Hospital, Jalal Al Ahmad Highway, Tehran, 1411713136, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are recognized as predictors of the risk of obesity in adulthood. The aim of this systematic literature review was to determine the association between dietary pattern and obesity risk among children. Methods: Articles were selected from databases (Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Eric, Livivo, and PubMed/Medline), without limitations regarding language or date. Database-specific search terms included the key words "obesity," "diet," "dietary pattern," "childhood," "children," "adolescents," and relevant synonyms. The review included studies that reported the assessment of the dietary pattern in childhood and that correlated eating patterns with the obesity risk through cluster analysis (CA) and/or factor analysis and/or principal component analysis and presented odds ratios (ORs). The methodology of the selected studies was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Owing to the heterogeneity among the assessments of the association of dietary patterns and obesity, the results are described narratively. Results: Using a selection process in two phases, 16 articles were included. Fifteen studies used a cross-sectional design, and one case-control study. The included studies showed variation in sample size (range = 232 to 10,187 children/adolescents) and age (range = 1-19 years old). The studies reported between two and five dietary patterns each. The OR for the relationship between the dietary pattern and the risk of childhood obesity ranged from OR = 1.02; confidence interval (95% CI) (0.91-1.15) to OR = 3.55; 95% CI (1.80-7.03). In this study, the dietary patterns identified by the studies were given different names. The food intake patterns identified could, in most factor or CA studies, be categorized as (1) potentially obesogenic foods that increased risk of becoming overweight (including fatty cheeses, sugary drinks, processed foods, fast food, candies, snacks, cakes, animal products, whole milk, and refined grains) or (2) food classified as healthy with the weakest association with the risk of becoming overweight or obese (including low levels of sugar and fat and high levels of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, nuts, legumes, and yogurt). Conclusion: Overall, the results indicated from most studies that a diet with a lower percentage of obesogenic foods should be effective in reducing the risk of developing obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Liberali
- Post-Graduation Program in Medical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Emil Kupek
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shang X, Li Y, Xu H, Zhang Q, Liu A, Ma G. The Clustering of Low Diet Quality, Low Physical Fitness, and Unhealthy Sleep Pattern and Its Association with Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020591. [PMID: 32102479 PMCID: PMC7071380 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The clustering of diet quality, physical activity, and sleep and its association with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains to be explored. We included 5315 children aged 6–13 years in the analysis. CMR score (CMRS) was computed by summing Z-scores of waist circumference, an average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (multiplying by −1), and triglycerides. Low diet quality and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were more likely to be seen in a pair, but low diet quality was less likely to be clustered with unhealthy sleep patterns. Low diet quality, low CRF, and unhealthy sleep pattern was associated with a 0.63, 0.53, and 0.25 standard deviation (SD) higher increase in CMRS, respectively. Compared to children with no unhealthy factor (−0.79 SD), those with ≥1 unhealthy factor had a higher increase (−0.20 to 0.59 SD) in CMRS. A low diet quality-unhealthy sleep pattern resulted in the highest increase in CMRS, blood pressure, and triglycerides. A low diet quality–low CRF-unhealthy sleep pattern resulted in the highest increase in fatness and fasting glucose. Unhealthy factor cluster patterns are complex; however, their positive associations with changes in CMR factors are consistently significant in children. Some specific patterns are more harmful than others for cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Haiquan Xu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (Q.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Ailing Liu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (Q.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Guansheng Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-8280-5266; Fax: +86-10-8280-1620
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The human genome has been proposed to contribute to interpersonal variability in the way we respond to nutritional intake. However, personalized diets solely based on gene-nutrient interactions have not lived up to their expectations to date. Advances in microbiome research have indicated that a science-based generation of a personalized diet based on a combination of clinical and microbial features may constitute a promising new approach enabling accurate prediction of dietary responses. In addition, scientific advances in our understanding of defined dietary components and their effects on human physiology led to the incorporation and testing of defined diets as preventive and treatment approaches for diseases, such as epilepsy, ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, exciting new studies show that tailored diet regiments have the potential to modulate pharmaceutical treatment efficacy in cancer treatment. Overall, the true therapeutic potential of nutritional interventions is coming to light but is also facing substantial challenges in understanding mechanisms of activity, optimization of dietary interventions for specific human subpopulations, and elucidation of adverse effects potentially stemming from some dietary components in a number of individuals.
Collapse
|
20
|
Mirmiran P, Ziadlou M, Karimi S, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Azizi F. The association of dietary patterns and adherence to WHO healthy diet with metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: Tehran lipid and glucose study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1457. [PMID: 31694610 PMCID: PMC6833201 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal dietary pattern for reducing the extent of metabolic syndrome (MetS) has not been well established yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate dietary patterns and adherence to WHO healthy diet in children and adolescents and their associations with MetS. METHODS Subjects of this cohort study were selected from among children and adolescents of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study participants, aged 6-18 years (n = 424). Dietary measurements were collected using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. MetS was defined as the existence of at least 3 risk factors according to the Cook criteria. Diet was assessed based on dietary components of the WHO healthy diet. Dietary patterns were defined by principal component analysis. RESULTS The mean ± SD age of participants (42% boys and 57% girls) was 13.5 ± 3.7 years. The most consistency with the WHO healthy diet was observed for cholesterol, free sugar and protein consumption in both genders, and the least was for n-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acid, trans-fatty acid and salt. Intake of SFA up to 12% of energy intake (third quartile) reduced the risk of MetS, compared to the first quartile. Subjects in the third quartile of n-6 poly-unsaturated fatty acid intake (6.2% of energy) showed the lowest odds ratio of MetS compared to the first quartile (OR: 0.18, CI: 0.04-0.66). In the adjusted model, the risk of MetS reduced across quartiles of MUFA intake by 60% (OR: 1, 0.40, 0.40, 0.42; P trend = 0.05). No significant trends were observed in the risk of MetS components across quartiles of the WHO healthy diet components. Three major dietary patterns were identified, the healthy, unhealthy and cereal/meat. An increased risk of MetS was observed in the highest quartile of unhealthy dietary pattern score compared to the lowest quartile (OR: 1, 0.81, 0.93, 2.49; P trend = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that the majority of our population did not meet some components of WHO healthy diet recommendations. The quality and quantity of fatty acid intakes were associated with risk of MetS. Adherence to unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with two-fold increase in MetS risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Ziadlou
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Karimi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Tambalis KD, Panagiotakos DB, Sidossis LS. Frequent sweet consumption associated with poor dietary habits and increased screen time in children and adolescents: Results from the National Action for Children’s Health program. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-180250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos D. Tambalis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Labros S. Sidossis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ghorabi S, Salari-Moghaddam A, Daneshzad E, Sadeghi O, Azadbakht L, Djafarian K. Association between the DASH diet and metabolic syndrome components in Iranian adults. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019; 13:1699-1704. [PMID: 31235081 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2019.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSES Diet has an important role in the management of chronic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association of adherence to the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 396 Iranian adults, aged ≥18 years. A 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess dietary intakes of participants. Fasting blood sample was obtained to quantify glycemic indicators and lipid profile. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). RESULTS Mean age of study participants was 38.22 ± 9.58 years. A significant inverse association was observed between adherence to DASH diet and odds of MetS (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.54); such that after adjusting for energy intake, socioeconomic status and body mass index (BMI), participants in the highest tertile of DASH diet scores were 49% less likely to have MetS (OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.14-0.54). Furthermore, adherence to DASH diet was inversely associated with elevated blood pressure (OR: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.05-0.29), high serum triglyceride (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.28-1.00) and low serum HDL-C (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.25-1.01). However, this association was marginally significant for triglyceride and HDL-C. No significant association was found between adherence to DASH diet and abdominal obesity. CONCLUSION We found that adherence to DASH was inversely associated with odds of MetS and some of its components including elevated blood pressure, low serum HDL-C and high serum triglyceride.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sima Ghorabi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Heshmat R, Hemati Z, Qorbani M, Nabizadeh Asl L, Motlagh ME, Ziaodini H, Taheri M, Ahadi Z, Shafiee G, Aminaei T, Hatami H, Kelishadi R. Metabolic syndrome and associated factors in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2018; 10:214-220. [PMID: 30680080 PMCID: PMC6335982 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2018.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the common metabolic disorders seen in
children and adolescents. This study aims to assess the rate of the MetS and its associated factors in
a nationally-representative sample of Iranian pediatric age groups.
Methods: This nationwide cross- sectional study was designed in 2015 in 30 provinces of Iran.
Participants consisted of 4,200 school students, aged 7-18 years, studied in a national school-based
surveillance program (CASPIAN-V). Physical examination and laboratory tests were performed
using standard protocols. Blood samples were drawn from 3834 students for biochemical tests.
Results: The participation rate for blood sampling was 91.5%. MetS was significantly more
prevalent among students in urban than in rural areas (5.7% vs. 4.8%, P value < 0.01). MetS was
more prevalent in students with obese parents than in those with non-obese parents (6.4% vs.
4.5%, P value < 0.05). Significant association existed between moderate level of healthy nutritional
behaviors and MetS after controlling for potential confounders (odds ratio [OR]: 0.62, 95% CI:
0.40-0.98). Students with high unhealthy nutritional behaviors showed an increased risk of MetS in
crude (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.05-2.44) and adjusted model (OR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.05-2.63).
Conclusion: High rate of MetS and associated risk factors was observed in Iranian pediatric age
groups, with higher rates among boys. These findings provide useful information for effective
preventive strategies based on diet, exercise, and lifestyle modification rather than therapeutic
modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Hemati
- Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laleh Nabizadeh Asl
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Hasan Ziaodini
- Bureau of Health and Fitness, Ministry of Education and Training, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majzoubeh Taheri
- Office of Adolescents and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ahadi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahereh Aminaei
- Office of Adolescents and School Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooman Hatami
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|