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Feng H, Zhang J, Wang X, Guo Z, Wang L, Zhang K, Li J. Baicalin Protects Broilers against Avian Coronavirus Infection via Regulating Respiratory Tract Microbiota and Amino Acid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2109. [PMID: 38396786 PMCID: PMC10888704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
An increasing amount of evidence indicates that Baicalin (Bai, a natural glycosyloxyflavone compound) exhibits an antiviral effect against avian viruses. However, it remains unclear if the antiviral effect of Bai against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is exerted indirectly by modulating respiratory tract microbiota and/or their metabolites. In this study, we investigated the protection efficacy of Bai in protecting cell cultures and broilers from IBV infection and assessed modulation of respiratory tract microbiota and metabolites during infection. Bai was administered orally to broilers by being mixed in with drinking water for seven days. Ultimately, broilers were challenged with live IBV. The results showed that Bai treatment reduced respiratory tract symptoms, improved weight gain, slowed histopathological damage, reduced virus loads and decreased pro-inflammation cytokines production. Western blot analysis demonstrated that Bai treatment significantly inhibited Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) expression both in cell culture and cells of the trachea. Bai treatment reversed respiratory tract microbiota dysbiosis, as shown by 16S rDNA sequencing in the group of broilers inoculated with IBV. Indeed, we observed a decrease in Proteobacteria abundance and an increase in Firmicutes abundance. Metabolomics results suggest that the pentose phosphate pathway, amino acid and nicotinamide metabolism are linked to the protection conferred by Bai against IBV infection. In conclusion, these results indicated that further assessment of anti-IBV strategies based on Bai would likely result in the development of antiviral molecule(s) which can be administered by being mixed with feed or water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Feng
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (H.F.); (J.Z.); (L.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Jingyan Zhang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (H.F.); (J.Z.); (L.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Xuezhi Wang
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China;
| | - Zhiting Guo
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (H.F.); (J.Z.); (L.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (H.F.); (J.Z.); (L.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Kang Zhang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (H.F.); (J.Z.); (L.W.); (Z.G.)
| | - Jianxi Li
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (H.F.); (J.Z.); (L.W.); (Z.G.)
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Dou M, Chu Y, Zhou X, Wang M, Li X, Ma R, Fan Z, Zhao X, Wang W, Li S, Lv Y, Zhu L. Matrine Mediated Immune Protection in MS by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Production of SCFAs. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:74-90. [PMID: 37581848 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
There is clearly an unmet need for more effective and safer treatments for multiple sclerosis (MS). Our previous studies showed a significant therapeutic effect of matrine, a monomer of traditional herbal medicine, on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice. To explore the mechanism of matrine action, we used 16S rRNA sequencing technology to determine the gut microbes in matrine-treated EAE mice and controls. The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were then tested by metabonomics. Finally, we established pseudo-sterile mice and transplanted into them fecal microbiota, which had been obtained from the high-dose matrine-treated EAE mice to test the effects of matrine. The results showed that matrine could restore the diversity of gut microbiota and promote the production of SCFAs in EAE mice. Transplantation of fecal microbiota from matrine-treated mice significantly alleviated EAE severity, reduced CNS inflammatory infiltration and demyelination, and decreased the level of IL-17 but increased IL-10 in sera of mice. In conclusion, matrine treatment can regulate gut microbiota and metabolites and halt the progression of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yaojuan Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xueliang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengru Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhirui Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Silu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Gong X, Ma T, Wang J, Cao X, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Song C, Lai M, Zhang C, Fang X, Chen X. Nucleocapsid protein residues 35, 36, and 113 are critical sites in up-regulating the Interleukin-8 production via C/EBPα pathway by highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Microb Pathog 2023; 184:106345. [PMID: 37714310 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is a highly infectious and pathogenic agent that causes considerable economic damage in the swine industry. It regulates the inflammatory response, triggers inflammation-induced tissue damage, suppresses the innate immune response, and leads to persistent infection. Interleukin-8 (IL-8), a pro-inflammatory chemokine, plays a crucial role in inflammatory response during numerous bacteria and virus infections. However, the underlying mechanisms of IL-8 regulation during PRRSV infection are not well understood. In this study, we demonstrate that PRRSV-infected PAMs and Marc-145 cells release higher levels of IL-8. We screened the nucleocapsid protein, non-structural protein (nsp) 9, and nsp11 of PRRSV to enhance IL-8 promoter activity via the C/EBPα pathway. Furthermore, we identified that the amino acids Q35A, S36A, R113A, and I115A of the nucleocapsid protein play a crucial role in the induction of IL-8. Through reverse genetics, we generated two mutant viruses (rQ35-2A and rR113A), which showed lower induction of IL-8 in PAMs during infection. This finding uncovers a previously unrecognized role of the PRRSV nucleocapsid protein in modulating IL-8 production and provides insight into an additional mechanism by which PRRSV modulates immune responses and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Gong
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China
| | - Tianyi Ma
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China
| | - Xinran Cao
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China
| | - Qiaoya Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China
| | - Chengchuang Song
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China
| | - Min Lai
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China
| | - Xingtang Fang
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, China.
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Luo Z, Xu Y, Qiu L, Lv S, Zeng C, Tan A, Ou D, Song X, Yang J. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction based on response surface methodology using HPLC-DAD for the analysis of red clover ( Trifolium pretense L.) isoflavones and its anti-inflammatory activities on LPS-induced 3D4/2 cell. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1279178. [PMID: 37854095 PMCID: PMC10580807 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1279178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Trifolium pratense L. has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cardiovascular disease prevention, and estrogen-like effects. The existing method for the assay of effective components is commonly based on a spectrophotometer, which could not meet the requirement of quality control. Furthermore, although there have been many studies on the anti-inflammation effect of red clover, a few have been reported on the regulatory effect of red clover isoflavones (RCI) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/2 cells), and its mechanism of action is still unclear. Methods The main components of RCI including daidzein, genistein, and biochanin A were accurately quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) after optimizing the extraction process through response surface methodology. The anti-inflammatory potential of RCI was carried out by detecting the level of inflammatory cytokines and mRNA expression of related genes. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory mechanism was explored by investigating two signaling pathways (NF-κB and MAPK). Results The optimal extraction conditions of RCI were as follows: the concentration of ethanol is 86% and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:29, with the herb particle size of 40 mesh sieve. Under the optimal conditions, the total extraction of target components of RCI was 2,641.469 μg/g. The RCI could significantly suppress the production and expression of many pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results of the Western blot revealed that RCI dramatically reduced the expression of p65, p-p65, IκB-α, p38, and p-p38. These results are associated with the suppression of the signal pathway of p38 MAPK, and on the contrary, activating the NF-κB pathway. Collectively, our data demonstrated that RCI reversed the transcription of inflammatory factors and inhibited the expression of p65, p-p65, IκB-α, and p38, indicating that RCI had excellent anti-inflammatory properties through disturbing the activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Conclusion The extraction conditions of RCI were optimized by HPLC-DAD combined with response surface methodology, which will contribute to the quality control of RCI. RCI had anti-inflammatory effects on the LPS-induced 3D4/2 cells. Its mechanism is to control the activation of NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways, thereby reducing the expression of inflammatory-related genes and suppressing the release of cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqin Luo
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yidan Xu
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Longxin Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology in Fujian Province, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian, China
| | - Shiming Lv
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Aijuan Tan
- College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Deyuan Ou
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xuqin Song
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Su J, Zhou F, Wu S, Tong Z. Research Progress on Natural Small-Molecule Compounds for the Prevention and Treatment of Sepsis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12732. [PMID: 37628912 PMCID: PMC10454676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a serious disease with high mortality and has been a hot research topic in medical research in recent years. With the continuous reporting of in-depth research on the pathological mechanisms of sepsis, various compounds have been developed to prevent and treat sepsis. Natural small-molecule compounds play vital roles in the prevention and treatment of sepsis; for example, compounds such as resveratrol, emodin, salidroside, ginsenoside, and others can modulate signaling through the NF-κB, STAT3, STAT1, PI3K, and other pathways to relieve the inflammatory response, immunosuppression, and organ failure caused by sepsis. Here, we discuss the functions and mechanisms of natural small-molecule compounds in preventing and treating sepsis. This review will lay the theoretical foundation for discovering new natural small-molecule compounds that can potentially prevent and treat sepsis.
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Ling X, Cao Z, Sun P, Zhang H, Sun Y, Zhong J, Yin W, Fan K, Zheng X, Li H, Sun N. Target Discovery of Matrine against PRRSV in Marc-145 Cells via Activity-Based Protein Profiling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11526. [PMID: 37511286 PMCID: PMC10381006 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) seriously endangers the sustainable development of the pig industry. Our previous studies have shown that matrine can resist porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection. This study aimed to explore the anti-PRRSV targets of matrine in Marc-145 cells. Biotin-labeled matrine 1 and 2 were used as probes. MTT assay was used to determine the maximum non-cytotoxic concentration (MNTC) of each probe in Marc-145 cells. The anti-PRRSV activity of each probe was evaluated via MTT, qPCR and Western blot, and its anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated via qPCR and Western blot. The targets of matrine in Marc-145 cells were searched using activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), and compared with the targets predicted via network pharmacology for screening the potential targets of matrine against PRRSV. The protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) of potential targets were constructed using a network database and GO/KEGG enrichment analysis was performed. ACAT1, ALB, HMOX1, HSPA8, HSP90AB1, PARP1 and STAT1 were identified as potential targets of matrine, and their functions were related to antiviral capacity and immunity. Matrine may play an anti-PRRSV role by directly acting on ACAT1, ALB, HMOX1, HSPA8, HSP90AB1, PARP1 and STAT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Ling
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Zhigang Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Yaogui Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Jia Zhong
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Kuohai Fan
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Xiaozhong Zheng
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Hongquan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
| | - Na Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030600, China
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Ang S, Liang J, Zheng W, Zhang Z, Li J, Yan Z, Wong WL, Zhang K, Chen M, Wu P. Novel Matrine Derivatives as Potential Larvicidal Agents against Aedes albopictus: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Mechanistic Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073035. [PMID: 37049799 PMCID: PMC10096473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A large number of studies have shown that matrine (MA) possesses various pharmacological activities and is one of the few natural, plant-derived pesticides with the highest prospects for promotion and application. Fifty-eight MA derivatives were prepared, including 10 intermediates and 48 target compounds in 3 series, to develop novel mosquitocidal agents. Compounds 4b, 4e, 4f, 4m, 4n, 6e, 6k, 6m, and 6o showed good larvicidal activity against Aedes albopictus, which is both a highly aggressive mosquito and an important viral vector that can transmit a wide range of pathogens. Dipping methods and a bottle bioassay were used for insecticidal activity evaluation. The LC50 values of 4e, 4m, and 6m reached 147.65, 140.08, and 205.79 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the LC50 value of MA was 659.34 μg/mL. Structure–activity relationship analysis demonstrated that larvicidal activity could be improved by the unsaturated heterocyclic groups introduced into the carboxyl group after opening the D ring. The MA derivatives with oxidized N-1 lost their mosquitocidal activities, indicating that the bareness of N-1 is crucial to maintain their anti-mosquito activity. However, the activity was not greatly influenced by introducing a cyan group at C-6 or a benzene sulfonyl group at N-16. Additionally, compounds 4e and 4m exhibited good inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase with inhibitory rates of 59.12% and 54.30%, respectively, at a concentration of 250 μg/mL, whereas the inhibitory rate of MA was 9.88%. Therefore, the structural modification and mosquitocidal activity of MA and its derivatives obtained here pave the way for those seeking strong mosquitocidal agents of plant origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Ang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Jinfeng Liang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Wende Zheng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Jinxuan Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Zhenping Yan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Wing-Leung Wong
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (M.C.); (P.W.); Tel.: +86-13822330019 (K.Z.); +86-18312066545 (M.C.); +86-18825179347 (P.W.)
| | - Min Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (M.C.); (P.W.); Tel.: +86-13822330019 (K.Z.); +86-18312066545 (M.C.); +86-18825179347 (P.W.)
| | - Panpan Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
- Correspondence: (K.Z.); (M.C.); (P.W.); Tel.: +86-13822330019 (K.Z.); +86-18312066545 (M.C.); +86-18825179347 (P.W.)
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Tranilast-matrine co-amorphous system: Strong intermolecular interactions, improved solubility, and physiochemical stability. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122707. [PMID: 36764418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a great interest to develop co-amorphous drug delivery systems to enhance the solubility of biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class II and IV drugs. However, most reported systems only resulted in severalfold solubility improvement. Tranilast (TRA) is an anti-allergic drug used to treat bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. It is a BCS class II drug and its poor aqueous solubility affects its absorption in vivo. To address this issue, a natural alkaloid matrine (MAR) with interesting biological activities was chosen to form a co-amorphous system with TRA, based on the solubility parameter and phase solubility experiment. The TRA-MAR drug-drug co-amorphous system was prepared by the solvent evaporation method, and further characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, FT-Raman, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the formation of salt and the presence of strong intermolecular interactions in the TRA-MAR co-amorphous system, which are also supported by molecular dynamics simulations, showing ionic and hydrogen bonding interactions. This co-amorphous system exhibited excellent physical stability at both 25 °C and 40 °C under anhydrous silica gel condition. Finally, co-amorphous TRA-MAR showed greatly enhanced solubility (greater than 100-fold) and rapid release behavior in the vitro release experiments. NMR spectroscopy revealed the strong intermolecular interactions between TRA and MAR in both DMSO‑d6 and D2O. Our study resulted in a TRA-MAR co-amorphous drug system with significant solubility improvement and showcased the great potential to improve the dissolution behaviors of BCS class II and IV drugs through the co-amorphization approach.
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Sanguinarine Exhibits Antiviral Activity against Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus via Multisite Inhibition Mechanisms. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030688. [PMID: 36992397 PMCID: PMC10052745 DOI: 10.3390/v15030688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), the etiological agent of PRRS, is prevalent worldwide, causing substantial and immense economic losses to the global swine industry. While current commercial vaccines fail to efficiently control PRRS, the development of safe and effective antiviral drugs against PRRSV is urgently required. Alkaloids are natural products with wide pharmacological and biological activities. Herein, sanguinarine, a benzophenanthridine alkaloid that occurs in many plants such as Macleaya cordata, was demonstrated as a potent antagonist of PRRSV. Sanguinarine attenuated PRRSV proliferation by targeting the internalization, replication, and release stages of the viral life cycle. Furthermore, ALB, AR, MAPK8, MAPK14, IGF1, GSK3B, PTGS2, and NOS2 were found as potential key targets related to the anti-PRRSV effect of sanguinarine as revealed by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Significantly, we demonstrated that the combination of sanguinarine with chelerythrine, another key bioactive alkaloid derived from Macleaya cordata, improved the antiviral activity. In summary, our findings reveal the promising potential of sanguinarine as a novel candidate for the development of anti-PRRSV agents.
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Peng W, Xu Y, Han D, Feng F, Wang Z, Gu C, Zhou X, Wu Q. Potential mechanism underlying the effect of matrine on COVID-19 patients revealed through network pharmacological approaches and molecular docking analysis. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:253-260. [PMID: 32915649 PMCID: PMC7544918 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1817944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical efficacy of matrine in treating coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been confirmed; however, its underlying mechanism of action remains unknown. METHODS TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, SEA, GeneCards, CTD, and TTD were used to identify potential targets for matrine in SARS-CoV-2. Cytoscape software was used to determine the target-pathway network for topographical analysis. The online STRING analysis platform and Cytoscape were together used to generate a PPI network and for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Finally, molecular docking simulations were performed to study matrine-Mpro, matrine-ACE2, and matrine-RdRp interactions. RESULTS Ten common matrine targets were obtained, particularly including TNF-α, IL-6, and CASP3. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed five significantly enriched signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, programmed cell death, and immune responses. CONCLUSIONS During COVID-19 treatment, matrine regulates viral replication, host cell apoptosis, and inflammation by targeting the TNF-α, IL-6, and CASP3 in the TNF signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpan Peng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Han
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fanchao Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Gu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianmei Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- CONTACT Xianmei Zhou Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
- Qi Wu Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221009, China
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11
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Xu Y, Wan S, Sun P, Khan A, Guo J, Zheng X, Sun Y, Fan K, Yin W, Li H, Sun N. Matrine combined with Osthole inhibited the PERK apoptosis of splenic lymphocytes in PCV2-infected mice model. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:26. [PMID: 36717886 PMCID: PMC9885934 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03581-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the major pathogens commonly found in pigs, which causes immunosuppression and apoptosis. Vaccination and a single drug cannot totally prevent and treat PCV2 infection. Our previous in vitro study reported that the synergistic anti-PCV2 effect of Matrine and Osthole was better than that of Matrine or Osthole alone, This study was aimed to evaluate the synergistic anti-PCV2 effect as well as the underline molecular mechanism of Matrine and Osthole in Kunming (KM) mice model infected with PCV2. KM mice were randomly divided into 8 groups namely control group, PCV2 infected, Matrine combined with Osthole high dose treatment (40 mg/kg + 12 mg/kg), medium dose treatment (20 mg/kg + 6 mg/kg), low dose treatment (10 mg/kg + 3 mg/kg), Matrine treatment (40 mg/kg), Osthole treatment (12 mg/kg) and Ribavirin positive control (40 mg/kg) groups. PCV2 was intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected in all mice except the control group. 5 days of post-infection (dpi), mice in different treatment groups were injected i.p. with various doses of Matrine, Osthole and Ribavirin once daily for the next 5 consecutive days. RESULTS The synergistic inhibitory effect of Matrine and Osthole on PCV2 replication in mouse liver was significantly heigher than that of Matrine and Osthole alone. The expression of GRP78, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, ATF4, CHOP, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax proteins were significantly reduced, while that of Bcl-2 was significantly increased in Matrine combined with Osthole groups, which alleviated the pathological changes caused by PCV2, such as interstitial pneumonia, loss of spleen lymphocytes, infiltration of macrophages and eosinophils. CONCLUSIONS The synergistic anti-apoptotic effect of Matrine and Osthole was better than their alone effect, Both Matrine and Osthole had directly inhibited the expression of PCV2 Cap and the apoptosis of spleen cells induced by PCV2 Cap through the PERK pathway activated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) GRP78. These results provided a new insight to control PCV2 infection and provide good component prescription candidate for the development of novel anti-PCV2 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlan Xu
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Shanxi Key Lab. for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China ,grid.412990.70000 0004 1808 322XSchool of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan China
| | - Shuangxiu Wan
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Shanxi Key Lab. for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China ,grid.440746.50000 0004 1769 3114School of Pharmacy, Heze University, Heze, 274000 Shandong China
| | - Panpan Sun
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Shanxi Key Lab. for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China
| | - Ajab Khan
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Shanxi Key Lab. for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China ,grid.412298.40000 0000 8577 8102Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, the University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Jianhua Guo
- grid.264756.40000 0004 4687 2082Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, TX 77843 USA
| | - Xiaozhong Zheng
- grid.511172.10000 0004 0613 128XMedical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK
| | - Yaogui Sun
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Shanxi Key Lab. for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China
| | - Kuohai Fan
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China
| | - Wei Yin
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Shanxi Key Lab. for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China
| | - Hongquan Li
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Shanxi Key Lab. for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China
| | - Na Sun
- grid.412545.30000 0004 1798 1300Shanxi Key Lab. for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 Shanxi China
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12
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Yang L, Zhang YM, Guo MN, Zhang H, Zhu XY, Xu C, Liu YJ. Matrine Attenuates Lung Injury by Modulating Macrophage Polarization and Suppressing Apoptosis. J Surg Res 2023; 281:264-274. [PMID: 36219938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent lung inflammation is a characteristic of sepsis-induced lung injury. Matrine, the active ingredient from Sophora flavescens, has exhibited anti-inflammatory activities. This study investigated the effects of prophylactic administration of matrine on macrophage polarization, apoptosis, and tissue injury in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced murine lung injury model. METHODS Mice were randomly allocated into four groups: Sham, CLP, Sham + Matrine, and CLP + Matrine. Lung tissues were collected at 24 h post-CLP. Histopathology and immunofluorescence analysis were performed to evaluate lung injury and macrophage infiltration in the lung, respectively. Caspase-3 activities, TUNEL staining, and anti-apoptotic proteins were examined to assess apoptosis. To determine the mechanism of action of matrine, protein levels of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), p53 and the messenger RNA levels of p53-mediated proapoptotic genes were examined to elucidate the associated signaling pathways. RESULTS Histopathological evaluation showed that matrine prophylaxis attenuated sepsis-induced lung injury. Matrine prophylaxis attenuated sepsis-induced infiltration of the total population of macrophages in the lung. Matrine inhibited M1 macrophage infiltration, but increased M2 macrophage infiltration, thus resulting in a decrease in the proportion of M1 to M2 macrophages in septic lung. Sepsis-induced lung injury was associated with apoptotic cell death as evidenced by increases in caspase-3 activity, TUNEL-positive cells, and decreases in antiapoptotic proteins, all of which were reversed by matrine prophylaxis. Matrine restored sepsis-induced downregulation of SIRT1 and deacetylation of NF-κB p65 subunit and p53, thus inactivating NF-κB pathway and suppressing p53-induced proapoptotic pathway in septic lung. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this study demonstrated that matrine exhibited pro-M2 macrophage polarization and antiapoptotic effects in sepsis-induced lung injury, which might be, at least partly, due to the modulation of SIRT1/NF-κB and SIRT1/p53 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China; Department of Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Min Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Nan Guo
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Xu
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu-Jian Liu
- School of Kinesiology, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Dietary Supplementation of Sophora flavescens Root Extract Improved the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Innate Immunity, and Disease Resistance against Edwardsiella tarda Challenge in Turbot ( Scophthalmus maximus). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010069. [PMID: 36670931 PMCID: PMC9854624 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The impacts of dietary supplementation with graded levels of Sophora flavescens root extract (SFE) on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and resistance against Edwardsiella tarda challenge in Scophthalus maximus were investigated in this study. In all, 600 turbot (initial body weight: 8.38 ± 0.07 g) were randomly distributed in 12 tanks with 50 fish per tank and fed four experimental diets supplemented with 0, 0.05%, 0.1%, or 0.2% SFE (named as: SFE0, SFE0.05, SFE0.1, and SFE0.2, respectively), for 56 days. The results showed that 0.1% and 0.2% SFE supplementation have significantly increased the FBW, WGR, SGR, and PER of turbot, while decreased the FCR of turbot (p < 0.05). Dietary SFE supplementations have significantly increased the activities of plasma SOD, CAT, GPx, T-AOC, GST and LZM, decreased plasma MDA contents in turbot under normal or challenge condition (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, SFE addition dramatically enhanced the hepatic mRNA expression of antioxidant parameters (including Nrf2, Keap1, SOD, CAT, Trx2, GST and GR) during the normal condition. mRNA levels of NF-κB p65, IκBα, TNF-α, TGF-β, and IL-10 in the liver of fish were notably up-regulated by SFE treatment during normal condition (p < 0.05), while the transcription of IL-1β was down-regulated by SFE whenever under normal or challenge condition. 0.1% and 0.2% SFE administration have significantly increased the survival rate of turbot against E. tarda challenge (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary SFE supplementation improved the growth performance, antioxidant activity and disease resistance of turbot, and SFE could be a potential feed additive for turbot.
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14
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Nan FY, Wu CJ, Su JH, Ma LQ. Potential mouse models of coronavirus-related immune injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943783. [PMID: 36119040 PMCID: PMC9478437 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic research for prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), continues worldwide. In particular, multiple newly reported cases of autoimmune-related diseases after COVID-19 require further research on coronavirus-related immune injury. However, owing to the strong infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and the high mortality rate, it is difficult to perform relevant research in humans. Here, we reviewed animal models, specifically mice with coronavirus-related immune disorders and immune damage, considering aspects of coronavirus replacement, viral modification, spike protein, and gene fragments. The evaluation of mouse models of coronavirus-related immune injury may help establish a standardised animal model that could be employed in various areas of research, such as disease occurrence and development processes, vaccine effectiveness assessment, and treatments for coronavirus-related immune disorders. COVID-19 is a complex disease and animal models cannot comprehensively summarise the disease process. The application of genetic technology may change this status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Yao Nan
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cai-Jun Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sepsis, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Hui Su
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Qin Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sepsis, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lin-Qin Ma,
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15
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Zhang H, Cao Z, Sun P, Khan A, Guo J, Sun Y, Yu X, Fan K, Yin W, Li E, Sun N, Li H. A novel strategy for optimal component formula of anti-PRRSV from natural compounds using tandem mass tag labeled proteomic analyses. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:179. [PMID: 35568854 PMCID: PMC9106989 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03184-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most important porcine viral diseases which have been threatening the pig industry in China. At present, most commercial vaccines fail to provide complete protection because of highly genetic diversity of PRRSV strains. This study aimed to optimize a component formula from traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)compounds with defined chemical characteristics and clear mechanism of action against PRRSV. METHODS A total of 13 natural compounds were screened for the anti-PRRSV activity using porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Three compounds with strong anti-PRRSV activity were selected to identify their potential protein targets by proteomic analysis. The optimal compound formula was determined by orthogonal design based on the results of proteomics. MTT assay was used to determine the maximum non-cytotoxic concentration (MNTC) of each compound using PAMs. QPCR and western blot were used to investigate the PRRSV N gene and protein expression, respectively. The Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) technique of relative quantitative proteomics was used to detect the differential protein expression of PAMs treated with PRRSV, matrine (MT), glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and tea saponin (TS), respectively. The three concentrations of these compounds with anti-PRRSV activity were used for orthogonal design. Four formulas with high safety were screened by MTT assay and their anti-PRRSV effects were evaluated. RESULTS MT, GA and TS inhibited PRRSV replication in a dose-dependent manner. CCL8, IFIT3, IFIH1 and ISG15 were the top four proteins in expression level change in cells treated with MT, GA or TS. The relative expression of IFIT3, IFIH1, ISG15 and IFN-β mRNAs were consistent with the results of proteomics. The component formula (0.4 mg/mL MT + 0.25 mg/mL GA + 1.95 μg/mL TS) showed synergistic anti-PRRSV effect. CONCLUSIONS The component formula possessed anti-PRRSV activity in vitro, in which the optimal dosage on PAMs was 0.4 mg/mL MT + 0.25 mg/mL GA + 1.95 μg/mL TS. Compatibility of the formula was superposition of the same target with GA and TS, while different targets of MT. IFN-β may be one of the targets of the component formula possessed anti-PRRSV activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Zhigang Cao
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Ajab Khan
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, TX, 77843, College Station, USA
| | - Yaogui Sun
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Xiuju Yu
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Kuohai Fan
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - E Li
- Haowei Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Na Sun
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China
| | - Hongquan Li
- Shanxi key lab. for modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, 030801, Taigu, China.
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16
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Lin Y, He F, Wu L, Xu Y, Du Q. Matrine Exerts Pharmacological Effects Through Multiple Signaling Pathways: A Comprehensive Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:533-569. [PMID: 35256842 PMCID: PMC8898013 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s349678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As The main effective monomer of the traditional Chinese medicine Sophora flavescens Ait, matrine has a broad scope of pharmacological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-fibrotic, anti-viral, anti-arrhythmia, and improving immune function. These actions explain its therapeutic effects in various types of tumors, cardiopathy, encephalomyelitis, allergic asthma, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoporosis, and central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Evidence has shown that the mechanism responsible for the pharmacological actions of matrine may be via the activation or inhibition of certain key molecules in several cellular signaling pathways including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR), transforming growth factor-β/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (TGF-β/Smad), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Wnt (wingless/ integration 1)/β-catenin, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways. This review comprehensively summarizes recent studies on the pharmacological mechanisms of matrine to provide a theoretical basis for molecular targeted therapies and further development and utilization of matrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingda Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China.,Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuming He
- Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China.,Department of Central Laboratory, the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225012, People's Republic of China
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17
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Tang L, Li T, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Sun X, Zhu Y, Feng B, Su Z, Yang L, Li H, Liu H, Chen Y, Dai Z, Zheng X, Li M, Li C, Zhao J, Qiu X, Ye S, Liu H, Zheng G, Li B, Lu C. Punicalagin Alleviates Psoriasis by Inhibiting NF-κB-Mediated IL-1β Transcription and Caspase-1-Regulated IL-1β Secretion. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:817526. [PMID: 35153790 PMCID: PMC8826397 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.817526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and inflammatory skin disorder characterized by inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia. Punicalagin (PUN) is a main active ingredient of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel with multiple biological activities, such as antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-tumor effects. However, the potential effect of PUN on psoriasis remains unknown. In this study, we want to investigate the pharmacological effect of PUN on psoriasis by using imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic mice model in vivo and tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α) and interleukin-17A (IL-17A)-stimulated HaCaT cells in vitro. Our results showed that PUN can effectively alleviate the severity of psoriasis-like symptoms. Mechanistically, PUN potently suppresses the aberrant upregulation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and subsequent IL-1β-mediated inflammatory cascade in keratinocytes by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and cleaved caspase-1 expression in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings indicate that PUN can relieve psoriasis by repressing NF-κB-mediated IL-1β transcription and caspase-1-regulated IL-1β secretion, which provide evidence that PUN might represent a novel and promising candidate for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuqing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Laijun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huazhen Liu
- Section of Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuchao Chen
- Section of Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhua Dai
- Section of Immunology, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xirun Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingxian Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chutian Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinmin Qiu
- Genetic Testing Lab, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyan Ye
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangjuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ben Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Dermatology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Devkota HP, Paudel KR, Jha NK, Gupta PK, Singh SK, Chellappan DK, Hansbro PM, Dua K. Applications of drug-delivery systems targeting inflammasomes in pulmonary diseases. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2407-2410. [PMID: 34670398 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hari P Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chou-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Keshav R Paudel
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Niraj K Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Plot No. 32-34, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Piyush K Gupta
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic Sciences and Research (SBSR), Sharda University, Knowledge Park III, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sachin K Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Dinesh K Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.,Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
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19
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Luo D, Lin Q, Tan JL, Zhao HY, Feng X, Chen NH, Wu ZN, Fan CL, Li YL, Ding WL, Xiao F, Wang GC, Zhang YB. Water-soluble matrine-type alkaloids with potential anti-neuroinflammatory activities from the seeds of Sophora alopecuroides. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105337. [PMID: 34521046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation on the alkaloids from water-soluble part of Sophora alopecuroides led to obtain forty matrine-type alkaloids (1-40) including eighteen new ones (1-18), which covers almost all positions of the oxygen substitution in matrine-type structure. Notably, eight compounds (1-8) belong to rare bis-amide matrine-type alkaloid. The new structures were determined based on extensive spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and six instances, verified by X-ray crystallography. Most of isolates showed anti-neuroinflammatory activities based on the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 in BV2 microglia cells. Especially, compound 39 can suppress those two mediator secretions in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 21.6 ± 0.5 and 16.7 ± 0.8 μM, respectively. Further mechanistic study revealed that 39 suppressed the phosphorylation of IκBα and p65 subunit to regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Luo
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Lin Tan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yue Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Neng-Hua Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Nan Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Lin Fan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Lan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Long Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guo-Cai Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Bo Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China; Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Therapeutic Effect of Matrine on Collagen-Induced Arthritis Rats and Its Regulatory Effect on RANKL and OPG Expression. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:4186102. [PMID: 34423052 PMCID: PMC8371639 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4186102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of matrine on rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and its regulatory effect on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression. Methods Wistar rats (n = 6) and CIA rats (n = 30) were randomly divided into six groups: healthy, CIA control, low/medium/high matrine (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg, once per day for six weeks), and methotrexate (MTX) (2 mg/kg, once per week for six weeks). The degree of joint damage was evaluated by X-ray and HE staining. Bone marrow suppression was assessed by routine blood analysis. In addition, the levels of serum RANKL and OPG in the rats were measured by ELISA. Results The level of joint swelling and degree of joint damage assessed by ankle swelling measurements, AI score, X-ray, and HE staining were alleviated in the CIA rats treated with MTX or different doses of matrine. Furthermore, no obvious inhibitory effect was observed on the bone marrow of the CIA rats, regardless of the dose of matrine or treatment with 2 mg/kg MTX (P > 0.05). The levels of OPG in serum and the ratio of OPG/RANKL were higher, and RANKL expression was lower in the low/medium/high matrine group compared with that of the CIA control group. The serum levels of OPG and OPG/RANKL ratio increased with the matrine dose, while the opposite was observed for RANKL expression. Conclusion Matrine treatment was associated with a lower degree of bone destruction, increased OPG expression and OPG/RANKL ratio, and decreased RANKL expression in CIA rats. Thus, matrine may represent a novel drug candidate for the treatment of RA.
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21
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Kim CH. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Natural Products as Potentially Therapeutic Agents. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:590509. [PMID: 34122058 PMCID: PMC8194829 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.590509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a β-coronavirus, is the cause of the recently emerged pandemic and worldwide outbreak of respiratory disease. Researchers exchange information on COVID-19 to enable collaborative searches. Although there is as yet no effective antiviral agent, like tamiflu against influenza, to block SARS-CoV-2 infection to its host cells, various candidates to mitigate or treat the disease are currently being investigated. Several drugs are being screened for the ability to block virus entry on cell surfaces and/or block intracellular replication in host cells. Vaccine development is being pursued, invoking a better elucidation of the life cycle of the virus. SARS-CoV-2 recognizes O-acetylated neuraminic acids and also several membrane proteins, such as ACE2, as the result of evolutionary switches of O-Ac SA recognition specificities. To provide information related to the current development of possible anti-SARS-COV-2 viral agents, the current review deals with the known inhibitory compounds with low molecular weight. The molecules are mainly derived from natural products of plant sources by screening or chemical synthesis via molecular simulations. Artificial intelligence-based computational simulation for drug designation and large-scale inhibitor screening have recently been performed. Structure-activity relationship of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 natural compounds is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkhwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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22
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Dou M, Zhou X, Li L, Zhang M, Wang W, Wang M, Jing Y, Ma R, Zhao J, Zhu L. Illumination of Molecular Pathways in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions and the Immune Mechanism of Matrine Treatment in EAE, a Mouse Model of MS. Front Immunol 2021; 12:640778. [PMID: 33912166 PMCID: PMC8072148 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.640778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not clear, and the treatment of MS presents a great challenge. This study aimed to investigate the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets of MS and to define target genes of matrine, a quinolizidine alkaloid component derived from the root of Sophorae flavescens that effectively suppressed experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS. To this end, the GSE108000 gene data set in the Gene Expression Omnibus Database, which included 7 chronic active MS lesions and 10 control samples of white matter, was analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). X cell was used to analyze the microenvironmental differences in brain tissue samples of MS patients, including 64 types of immune cells and stromal cells. The biological functions and enriched signaling pathways of DEGs were analyzed by multiple approaches, including GO, KEGG, GSEA, and GSVA. The results by X cell showed significantly increased numbers of immune cell populations in the MS lesions, with decreased erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, adipocytes, keratinocytes, endothelial cells, Th1 cells and Tregs. In GSE108000, there were 637 DEGs, including 428 up-regulated and 209 down-regulated genes. Potential target genes of matrine were then predicted by the network pharmacology method of Traditional Chinese medicine, and 12 key genes were obtained by cross analysis of the target genes of matrine and DEGs in MS lesions. Finally, we confirmed by RT-PCR the predicted expression of these genes in brain tissues of matrine-treated EAE mice. Among these genes, 2 were significantly downregulated and 6 upregulated by matrine treatment, and the significance of this gene regulation was further investigated. In conclusion, our study defined several possible matrine target genes, which can be further elucidated as mechanism(s) of matrine action, and novel targets in the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Dou
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, the Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueliang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, the first Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurology, the Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengru Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yilei Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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23
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Li X, Tang Z, Wen L, Jiang C, Feng Q. Matrine: A review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, clinical application and preparation researches. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 269:113682. [PMID: 33307055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE "Dogel ebs" was known as Sophora flavescens Ait., which has been widely utilized in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese Mongolian herbal medicine for thousands of years. Shen Nong's Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing in Chinese pinyin) recorded that it is bitter in taste and cold in nature with the effect of clearing heat and eliminating dampness, insecticide, diuresis. Due to its extensive application in the fields of ethnopharmacological utilization, the pharmaceutical researches of Sophora flavescens Ait.s keeps deepening. Modern pharmacological studies have exhibited that matrine, which is rich in this traditional herbal medicine, mediates its main biological properties. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review aimed at summarizing the latest and comprehensive information of matrine on the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, clinical application and preparation researches to explore the therapeutic potential of this natural ingredient. In addition, outlooks and perspective for possible future researches that related are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Related information concerning matrine was gathered from the internet database of Google scholar, Pubmed, ResearchGate, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library with the keywords including "matrine", "pharmacology", "toxicology" and "pharmacokinetics", "clinical application", etc. RESULTS: Based on literatures, matrine has a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, detoxification and so on. Nevertheless, there are still some doubts about it due to the toxicity and questionable bioavailability that does exist. CONCLUSIONS Future researches directions probably include elucidate the mechanism of its toxicity and accurately tracing the in vivo behavior of its drug delivery system. Without doubt, integration of toxicity and efficiency and structure modification based on it are also pivotal methods to enhance pharmacological activity and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ziwei Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China; Beibei Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Li Wen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cen Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Quansheng Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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24
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Ren Y, Liang S, Zheng Y, Deng X, Lei L, Ai J, Li Y, Zhang T, Chen L, Mei Z, Cheng YC, He C. Investigation on the function tropism of Tiaoqin and Kuqin (different specification of Scutellaria baicalensis) by comparing their curative effect on different febrile disease model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113596. [PMID: 33221498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) is the root of S. baicalensis Georgi. In traditional Chinese medicine it is divided into Tiaoqin (TQ, 1-3 years old) and Kuqin (KQ, more than 3 years old). However, the differences in TQ and KQ efficacy and their exact mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to clarify the difference in the efficacy of TQ and KQ in relation to different fever types (damp heat and hyperpyrexia) by using rat models, as well as to determine the primary molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study compared the compositional content of TQ and KQ by UPLC-MS/MS. Then, rat models of hyperpyrexia (HP, LPS) and damp heat (DH, high-fat and high-sugar diet feeding + fumigation in artificial climate chamber + E. coli injection) were established and their clinical symptoms, blood biochemistry, histopathological sections, cell cytokines and protein expression were compared following treatment with TQ or KQ. Finally, the mechanisms underpinning the differences observed for TQ and KQ were determined by measuring the components of these treatments in different target organs. RESULTS This study identified 31 compounds in the water extracts of both TQ and KQ, which differed significantly in their relative content. TQ and KQ showed different functional tropism in HP and DH model rats. Baicalin, wogonoside, oroxin A, baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A appeared to be the basic functional components responsible for the functional tropism hypothesis, while the remaining compounds appeared to be the efficacy-oriented components. In addition, the difference in pharmacodynamics between TQ and KQ may be related to their absorption in vivo, which was consistent with the hypothesis of functional tropism proposed in this work. CONCLUSION In this study we adopted TQ and KQ-different specifications of Scutellaria baicalensis with similar chemical components-as a case study to systematically reveal the functional tropism of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). The results showed that TQ and KQ contain the basic functional components to enable the basic function of 'clearing heat', while the variation in compositional content may result in their different therapeutic effects. A greater understanding and utilisation of the functional tropism of CHM would enormously improve the accuracy and scientific basis for the application of CHM medication, as well as in promoting the multi-function mechanism of CHM and guiding new drug development of CHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshen Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Shuai Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lei Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiao Ai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tianpei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhinan Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Caijing He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
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25
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Trueperella pyogenes pyolysin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in endometrium stromal cells via autophagy- and ATF6-dependent mechanism. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:939-952. [PMID: 33454924 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes) is a common opportunistic pathogen of many livestock and play an important regulation role during multibacterial infection and interaction with the host by its primary virulence factor pyolysin (PLO). The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulation role of PLO which serve as a combinational pathogen with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) during endometritis. In this study, the expression of bioactive recombinant PLO (rPLO) in a prokaryotic expression system and its purification are described. Moreover, we observed that rPLO inhibited the innate immune response triggered by LPS and that methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MBCD) abrogated this inhibitory effect in goat endometrium stromal cells (gESCs). Additionally, we show from pharmacological and genetic studies that rPLO-induced autophagy represses gene expression by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Importantly, this study reported that ATF6 serves as a primary regulator of the cellular inflammatory reaction to rPLO. Overall, these observations suggest that T. pyogenes PLO could create an immunosuppressive environment for other pathogens invasion by regulating cellular signaling pathways.
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26
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Zhou B, Li C, Yang Y, Wang Z. RIG-I Promotes Cell Death in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Inducing M1 Polarization of Perineal Macrophages Through the RIG-I/MAVS/NF-κB Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8783-8794. [PMID: 32982277 PMCID: PMC7493023 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s258450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development and metastasis of cancer cells are regulated by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) present in the surrounding tumor microenvironment. RIG-I is a key pathogen recognition receptor against RNA viruses that regulates innate immunity in cancer progression. Till now, the mechanism of RIG-I regulation of the polarization of TAMs in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been understood. Materials and Methods Levels of RIG-I and the key proteins in the NF-κB pathway in HCC and paired paracancerous tissues were detected by Western blotting. The transfection efficiency of RIG-I was observed by fluorescence microscopy. The M1 and M2 markers were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and FACS assays. Apoptosis of RIG-I lentivirus-infected HCC cells was detected by flow cytometry assay. Death of Hepa1-6 and H22 cells was analyzed by lactate dehydrogenase releasing assay. Results The level of RIG-I was decreased in HCC tissues as compared to that in the paired paracancerous tissues. Overexpression of RIG-I in mouse peritoneal macrophages increased the expression of the biomarkers CD16/32 and CD11c associated with M1 macrophages. The relative levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS were significantly increased in RIG-I lentivirus-infected macrophages, whereas the levels of Arg-1 and IL-10 were not significantly different in RIG-I-overexpressed peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, overexpression of RIG-I in peritoneal macrophages promoted apoptosis of Hepa1-6 and H22 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of RIG-I increased the levels of phosphorylated p65 and p-IκB and decreased the level of IκB in peritoneal macrophages. Importantly, the expression of MAVS and TRAF2 was significantly increased in RIG-I lentivirus-infected macrophages. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that overexpression of RIG-I promoted apoptosis and death of HCC cells. Moreover, RIG-I promoted the polarization of M1 through the RIG-I/MAVS/TRAF2/NF-κB pathway in mice peritoneal macrophages, suggesting that RIG-I may be a novel target in the immunotherapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, People's Republic of China
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27
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Bello-Onaghise G, Wang G, Han X, Nsabimana E, Cui W, Yu F, Zhang Y, Wang L, Li Z, Cai X, Li Y. Antiviral Strategies of Chinese Herbal Medicine Against PRRSV Infection. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1756. [PMID: 32849384 PMCID: PMC7401453 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds from Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are gradually becoming an effective alternative in the control of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) because most of the commercially available PRRSV vaccines cannot provide full protection against the genetically diverse strains isolated from farms. Besides, the incomplete attenuation procedure involved in the production of modified live vaccines (MLV) may cause them to revert to the more virulence forms. TCMs have shown some promising potentials in bridging this gap. Several investigations have revealed that herbal extracts from TCMs contain molecules with significant antiviral activities against the various stages of the life cycle of PRRSV, and they do this through different mechanisms. They either block PRRSV attachment and entry into cells or inhibits the replication of viral RNA or viral particles assembly and release or act as immunomodulators and pathogenic pathway inhibitors through cytokines regulations. Here, we summarized the various antiviral strategies employed by some TCMs against the different stages of the life cycle of PRRSV under two major classes, including direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and indirect-acting antivirals (IAAs). We highlighted their mechanisms of action. In conclusion, we recommended that in making plans for the use of TCMs to control PRRSV, the pathway forward must be built on a real understanding of the mechanisms by which bioactive compounds exert their effects. This will provide a template that will guide the focus of collaborative studies among researchers in the areas of bioinformatics, chemistry, and proteomics. Furthermore, available data and procedures to support the efficacy, safety, and quality control levels of TCMs should be well documented without any breach of data integrity and good manufacturing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- God'spower Bello-Onaghise
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, Chengdu Agricultural College, Chengdu, China
| | - Eliphaz Nsabimana
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenqiang Cui
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuefeng Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Linguang Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengze Li
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuehui Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Yi Y, Wan S, Hou Y, Cheng J, Guo J, Wang S, Khan A, Sun N, Li H. Chlorogenic acid rescues zearalenone induced injury to mouse ovarian granulosa cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 194:110401. [PMID: 32143102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEA), a toxic substance produced by Fusarium fungi, accumulated in cereals grain and animal feed, causes injury to humans and animals. ZEA can induce obvious reproductive toxicity with the ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) as the main target. However, the study on exploring the protective compounds against ZEA-induced mouse primary ovarian GCs damage remains less. In the current study, the protective effect of 20 compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) on the injury of mouse GCs caused by ZEA were evaluated using MTT assay and the cell morphology. Our results showed that chlorogenic acid (250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL) significantly suppress ZEA-induced GCs death. Western blot analysis suggested chlorogenic acid could rescue the up-regulated apoptosis of GCs induced by ZEA via attenuating the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and cleaved-PARP. Our results provide strong evidence that chlorogenic acid warrants further optimization for more potent and safer compounds for against the ZEA lead toxicity to humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- YanYan Yi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - ShuangXiu Wan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy, Heze University, Heze, Shangdong, 274000, People's Republic of China
| | - YaXin Hou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - JianHua Guo
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Shaoyu Wang
- School of Community Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, NSW, 2800, Australia
| | - Ajab Khan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongquan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, People's Republic of China.
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Zheng J, Xu Y, Khan A, Wang S, Li H, Sun N. In vitro Screening of Traditional Chinese Medicines Compounds Derived with Anti-encephalomyocarditis Virus Activities. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-019-0354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Jiang A, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wu D, Liu Z, Li S, Liu X, Han Z, Wang C, Wang J, Wei Z, Guo C, Yang Z. Morin alleviates LPS-induced mastitis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathway and protecting the integrity of blood-milk barrier. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:105972. [PMID: 31711938 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is a common veterinary clinical disease that restricts the development of dairy farming around the world. Morin, extracted from Mulberry Tree and other herbs, has been reported to possess the function of anti-bacteria, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory. However, whether morin could protect lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse mastitis in vivo has not well known. This study firstly aims to evaluate the effects of morin on LPS-induced mouse mastitis in vivo, and then try to illustrate the mechanism involved in the process. Before injected with LPS, mice were intraperitoneally pre-injected with different concentrations of morin, and mice of the control and LPS group were injected with the same amount of saline. Pathologic changes of mammary gland were determined by histopathological examination. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities of mammary gland were determined by the MPO kits. The mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and those of chemokine factors CCL2 and CXCL2, and those of tight junctions occludin claudin-3 were examined by qRT-PCR analysis. The activities of IκB, p65, ERK, P38, AKT, PI3K, NLPR3, claudin-1, claudin-3 and occludin were determined by western blotting. The results showed that morin alleviated LPS-induced edema, destructed structures and infiltrated inflammatory cells of mammary gland. Morin administration significantly decreased LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2 and CXCL2 mRNA expressions. Furthermore, western blot analysis also showed that morin significantly reduced LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65, IκB, p38 and ERK, and enhanced LPS-induced phosphorylation of AKT and PI3K. It was also found that LPS-decreased claudin-3 and occludin expressions were also inhibited by morin treatment. In summary, above results suggest that morin indeed protect LPS-induced mouse mastitis in vivo, and the mechanism was through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways and protecting the integrity of blood-milk barrier by regulating the tight junction proteins expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Shuangqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zhen Han
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zhengkai Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Changming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China; College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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